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  • sql locking on silverlight app

    - by immuner
    Hi, i am not sure if this is the correct term, but this is what id like to do: I have an application that uses a mssql database. This application can operate in 3 modes. mode 1) user does not alter, but only read the database mode 2) user can add rows (one at a time) onto a table in the database mode 3) user can alter several tables in the database (one person at a time) question 1) how can i ensure that when a user in in mode 3 that the database will "lock" and all logged in users who operate in mode 2 or mode 3 will not be able to change the database until he finishes? question 2) how can i ensure that while there are several users in mode 2, that there will be no conflict while they all update the table? my guess here, is that before adding a new row, you make a server query for the table's current unique keys and add the new entry. will this be safe enough though? Thanks

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  • Use a folder of xml files as data source for nhibernate

    - by Bart Van Eyndhoven
    I'm going to start writing NUnit tests for a few classes in my project. A certain number of these classes use data gathered through nhibernate from a sql server 2008 database. The part of the program I'm about to test is very specific (and complicated). Therefore I have made a folder of xml files. Combined, the xml files could result in the database structure. I mean each xml file corresponds to a table in the database. The data in the xml files is also consistent with the database. Is there a way to use this folder of xml files as data source for nhibernate? I mean: can I use nhibernate to gather my test data (wich I have specifically chosen) instead of data from the database? In this way, I could usefully test this component without corrrupting the (test) database for future tests.

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  • Mocking a concrete class : templates and avoiding conditional compilation

    - by AshirusNW
    I'm trying to testing a concrete object with this sort of structure. class Database { public: Database(Server server) : server_(server) {} int Query(const char* expression) { server_.Connect(); return server_.ExecuteQuery(); } private: Server server_; }; i.e. it has no virtual functions, let alone a well-defined interface. I want to a fake database which calls mock services for testing. Even worse, I want the same code to be either built against the real version or the fake so that the same testing code can both: Test the real Database implementation - for integration tests Test the fake implementation, which calls mock services To solve this, I'm using a templated fake, like this: #ifndef INTEGRATION_TESTS class FakeDatabase { public: FakeDatabase() : realDb_(mockServer_) {} int Query(const char* expression) { MOCK_EXPECT_CALL(mockServer_, Query, 3); return realDb_.Query(); } private: // in non-INTEGRATION_TESTS builds, Server is a mock Server with // extra testing methods that allows mocking Server mockServer_; Database realDb_; }; #endif template <class T> class TestDatabaseContainer { public: int Query(const char* expression) { int result = database_.Query(expression); std::cout << "LOG: " << result << endl; return result; } private: T database_; }; Edit: Note the fake Database must call the real Database (but with a mock Server). Now to switch between them I'm planning the following test framework: class DatabaseTests { public: #ifdef INTEGRATION_TESTS typedef TestDatabaseContainer<Database> TestDatabase ; #else typedef TestDatabaseContainer<FakeDatabase> TestDatabase ; #endif TestDatabase& GetDb() { return _testDatabase; } private: TestDatabase _testDatabase; }; class QueryTestCase : public DatabaseTests { public: void TestStep1() { ASSERT(GetDb().Query(static_cast<const char *>("")) == 3); return; } }; I'm not a big fan of that compile-time switching between the real and the fake. So, my question is: Whether there's a better way of switching between Database and FakeDatabase? For instance, is it possible to do it at runtime in a clean fashion? I like to avoid #ifdefs. Also, if anyone has a better way of making a fake class that mimics a concrete class, I'd appreciate it. I don't want to have templated code all over the actual test code (QueryTestCase class). Feel free to critique the code style itself, too. You can see a compiled version of this code on codepad.

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  • Connecting to 3rd party databse in Joomla!?

    - by Michael
    I need to connect to another database in Joomla! that's on another server. This is for a plugin and I need to pull some data from a table. Now what I don't want is to use this database to run Joomla!, I already have Joomla! installed and running on its own database on its server but I want to connect to another database (ON TOP of the current one) to pull some data, then disconnect from that 3rd party database - all while keeping the original Joomla database connection in tact.

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  • Extending mysqli and using multiple classes

    - by Mikk
    Hi, I'm new to PHP oop stuff. I'm trying to create class database and call other classes from it. Am I doing it the right way? class database: class database extends mysqli { private $classes = array(); public function __construct() { parent::__construct('localhost', 'root', 'password', 'database'); if (mysqli_connect_error()) { $this->error(mysqli_connect_errno(), mysqli_connect_error()); } } public function __call($class, $args) { if (!isset($this->classes[$class])) { $class = 'db_'.$class; $this->classes[$class] = new $class(); } return $this->classes[$class]; } private function error($eNo, $eMsg) { die ('MySQL error: ('.$eNo.': '.$eMsg); } } class db_users: class db_users extends database { public function test() { echo 'foo'; } } and how I'm using it $db = new database(); $db->users()->test(); Is it the right way or should it be done another way? Thank you.

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  • In SQL Server merge replication, how does reinitializing work?

    - by Craig Shearer
    I have set up a pull subscription to a merge publication in SQL Server. I use parameterized row filters on some tables. This works fine with the initial synchronization - just the rows using the filter arrive in the replicated (client) database. However, at some later point I'd like to be able to synchronize the replicated database again from the server and have new rows that match the parameterized row filters appear on the client database. The doucmentation seems to indicate that I can call Reinitialize() to do this. However, when I do try this and Synchronize again, I get an error saying that the script 'snapshot.pre' cannot be applied to the database. I've inspected the script and can see why - it's trying to drop some functions are used by the tables in the database. It would appear that for Reinitialize() to work it requires that the database be blank. Am I misunderstanding something here? Is there a way to make this work?

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  • Deployment of a .NET application making use of SQL Server 2008

    - by Victor John Saliba
    I have searched the internet thoroughly for this type of issue, there were responses but hasn't really found a concrete solution yet. I have an application which makes use of SQL Server 2008 R2 and thus it makes connections with a database file which I have set up. The application executes successfully, makes connections with the database and retrieves/inserts/updates data to and fro the database. However when I come to create a deployment project i.e. a setup project, I fail to transfer my database files to other computers and make database connections. I have checked the SQL Server 2008 prerequisite in the publish settings of the application and has also included the database files. Can anyone suggest the best way to this type of setup? Thanks

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  • uninitialized constant Encoding rake db:migrate

    - by Denis
    Hi, My RoR App use rails 2.1.2 When I run rake db:migrate --trace I get the following error, Any idea? ** Invoke db:migrate (first_time) ** Invoke environment (first_time) ** Execute environment ** Execute db:migrate rake aborted! uninitialized constant Encoding /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:278:in `load_missing_constant' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:467:in `const_missing' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:479:in `const_missing' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/sqlite3-0.0.8/lib/sqlite3/encoding.rb:9:in `find' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/sqlite3-0.0.8/lib/sqlite3/database.rb:66:in `initialize' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb:13:in `new' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb:13:in `sqlite3_connection' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:292:in `send' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:292:in `connection=' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:260:in `retrieve_connection' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:78:in `connection' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb:408:in `initialize' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb:373:in `new' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb:373:in `up' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb:356:in `migrate' /Users/denisjacquemin/Documents/code/projects/BmfOnRails/vendor/rails/railties/lib/tasks/databases.rake:99 /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:636:in `call' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:636:in `execute' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:631:in `each' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:631:in `execute' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:597:in `invoke_with_call_chain' /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/monitor.rb:242:in `synchronize' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:590:in `invoke_with_call_chain' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:583:in `invoke' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2051:in `invoke_task' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2029:in `top_level' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2029:in `each' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2029:in `top_level' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2068:in `standard_exception_handling' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2023:in `top_level' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2001:in `run' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2068:in `standard_exception_handling' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:1998:in `run' /Users/denisjacquemin/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/bin/rake:31 /usr/bin/rake:19:in `load' /usr/bin/rake:19 My database.yml development: adapter: sqlite3 database: db/development.sqlite3 pool: 5 timeout: 5000 thanks

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  • Problem with testing a Windows service

    - by prateeksaluja20
    I want to make a Windows service that will access my database. My database is SQL Server 2005. Actually I am working on a website and my database is inside our server. I need to access my database every second and update the records. For that purpose I need to make a Windows service that will install into our server and perform the task. I have been accessing the database from my local machine and then running the service, but problem is I'm not sure how I can test this service. I tried to install into my local machine. It installed and then I ran the service but it did not perform the task and I think service is not able to connect with the database. There is no problem in the service nor its installer. The only issue is how to test my Windows service.

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  • MySql / Odbc connection problem

    - by Ingvald
    I'm accessing a MySql database via ODBC. It normally works fine, but if the database is stopped and restarted I have to restart my application in order to reconnect to the database. The code for accessing the database is like this: OdbcConnection connection = new OdbcConnection(connectString); OdbcCommand command = connection.CreateCommand(); command.CommandType = CommandType.Text; command.CommandText = "select * from cds"; OdbcDataAdapter dataAdapter = new OdbcDataAdapter(command); DataSet dataSet = new DataSet(); connection.Open(); dataAdapter.Fill(dataSet); connection.Close(); After a restart of the database, I get a 'MySql server has gone away' exception in dataAdapter.Fill method. Is there any way I can reconnect to the database when I detect that the connection has broken? I use VS2008 and MySql 5.1.30.

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  • SQLite/iPhone read copyright symbol

    - by Marco A
    Hi All, I am having problems reading the copyright symbol from a sqlite db that I have for my App that I am developing. I import the information manually, ie, from an excel sheet. I have tried two ways of doing it and failed with both: 1) Tried replacing the copyright symbol with "\u00ae" (unicode combination) within excel and then importing the modified file. - Result: I get the combination of \u00ae as a part of the string, it doesnt detect the unicode combination. 2) Tried leaving as it is. Importing the excel with the copyright symbol. - Result: I get a symbol that is different from the copyright, its something like an AE put together.looks like this: Æ Heres my code how I read from DB: -(void) readCategoriesFromDatabase:(NSString *) rest_input { // Init the products Array categories = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; // Open the database from the users filessytem rest_input = [rest_input stringByAppendingString:@"'"]; NSString *newString; newString = [@"select distinct category from food where restaurant='" stringByAppendingString:rest_input]; const char *cat_sqlStatement = [newString UTF8String]; sqlite3_stmt *cat_compiledStatement; if(sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, cat_sqlStatement, -1, &cat_compiledStatement, NULL) == SQLITE_OK) { // Loop through the results and add them to the feeds array while(sqlite3_step(cat_compiledStatement) == SQLITE_ROW) { NSString *catName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:(char *)sqlite3_column_text(cat_compiledStatement,0)]; // Create a new product object with the data from the database Product *category = [[Product alloc] initWithName:catName]; // Add the product object to the respective Array [categories addObject:category]; [category release]; } sqlite3_finalize(cat_compiledStatement); } NSLog(@"Finished Accessing Database to gather Categories...."); } I open the DB with this function: -(void) checkAndCreateDatabase{ NSLog(@"Checking/Creating Database...."); NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; success = [fileManager fileExistsAtPath:databasePath]; [fileManager removeFileAtPath:databasePath handler:nil]; NSString *databasePathFromApp = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath] stringByAppendingPathComponent:databaseName]; [fileManager copyItemAtPath:databasePathFromApp toPath:databasePath error:nil]; [fileManager release]; if (sqlite3_open([databasePath UTF8String], &database) != SQLITE_OK) { sqlite3_close(database); database = nil; } NSLog(@"Finished Checking/Creating Database...."); } Thanks to anything that can help me out.

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  • From xcode not able to execute DISTINCT keyword for sqlite

    - by mac
    -(void) readProductsFromDatabase { // Setup the database object sqlite3 *database; // Init the animals Array products = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; // Open the database from the users filessytem if(sqlite3_open([databasePath UTF8String], &database) == SQLITE_OK) { NSLog(@"db opened"); // Setup the SQL Statement and compile it for faster access const char *sqlStatement = "SELECT DISTINCT productname FROM iphone "; sqlite3_stmt *compiledStatement; if(sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, sqlStatement, -1, &compiledStatement, NULL) == SQLITE_OK) { // Loop through the results and add them to the feeds array while(sqlite3_step(compiledStatement) == SQLITE_ROW) { NSLog(@"inside sqlite3 prepare"); // Read the data from the result row NSString *aName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:(char *)sqlite3_column_text(compiledStatement, 2)]; } } // Release the compiled statement from memory sqlite3_finalize(compiledStatement); } sqlite3_close(database); } My problem is const char *sqlStatement = "SELECT DISTINCT productname FROM iphone "; This line not executing ,i am using sqlite3, thanks in advance,

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  • Is SQL Server Compact *ever* OK to use on a web server?

    - by Troy
    I'd like to host a personal database for about 500 people (1 database per person) on my web server. A person could possibly share their database with a friend or two. On my web server, I'd have some web services, perhaps for doing synchronization, and maybe even an ASP.NET Web Forms front end to the database. If I restart my IIS web server, would this likely cause database corruptions? Would this be expected to perform ok? If not Compact, should I instead use SQL Express and create a database in SQL Server for each of my 500 people?

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  • Can we use union of two sqlite databases with same tables for Core Data?

    - by Tofrizer
    Hi All, I have an iPhone Core Data app with a pre-populated sqlite "baseline" database. Can I add a second smaller sqlite database with the same tables as my pre-populated "baseline" database but with additional / complementary data such that Core Data will happily union the data from both databases and, ultimately, present to me as if it was all a single data source? Idea that I had is: 1) the "baseline" database never changes. 2) I can download the smaller "complementary" sqlite database for additional data as and when I need to (I'm assuming downloading sqlite database is allowed, please comment if otherwise). 3) Core Data is then able to union data from 1 & 2. I can then reference this unified data by calling my defined Core Data managed object model. Hope this makes sense. Thanks in advance.

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  • SQL 2008 table locked - can't work out why

    - by Mr. Flibble
    I have two databases on one SQL 2008 server. Database 1 seems to be causing a lock on a table on database 2. There no queries are running on database 1 that should affect database 2. Is this normal behaviour? When I view the running queries with this command SELECT sqltext.TEXT, req.session_id, req.status, req.command, req.cpu_time, req.total_elapsed_time/1000 [seconds] FROM sys.dm_exec_requests req CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle) AS sqltext it tells me as much, and says that the command on database 2 is suspended. I'm at a bit of a loss. What sort of things should I look at to work out why the table in database 2 is locked?

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  • How can I know when SQL Full Text Index Population is finished?

    - by GarethOwen
    We are writing unit tests for our ASP.NET application that run against a test SQL Server database. That is, the ClassInitialize method creates a new database with test data, and the ClassCleanup deletes the database. We do this by running .bat scripts from code. The classes under test are given a connection string that connects to the unit test database rather than a production database. Our problem is, that the database contains a full text index, which needs to be fully populated with the test data in order for our tests to run as expected. As far as I can tell, the fulltext index is always populated in the background. I would like to be able to either: Create the full text index, fully populated, with a synchronous (transact-SQL?) statement, or Find out when the fulltext population is finished, is there a callback option, or can I ask repeatedly? My current solution is to force a delay at the end the class initialize method - 5 seconds seems to work - because I can't find anything in the documentation.

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  • How to build custom sqlite with provider under Android?

    - by dr4cul4
    Hi, I have a really strange problem. I need to build custom sqlite3 database engine under Android OS, but I also want to use database provider implementation. Unfortunately when examining sources of Android 1.6 I noticed that it's not so easy. Many classes including android.database.; packages use original provider, also many other parts of framework use android.database.sqlite.; packages directly, wich ofcourse make this abstraction a bit confusing and unnesesary. But going to my question. If there is any way that I could extend database interfaces to use custom implmentation of sqlite (or any other database)?

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  • Does Doctrine 1.2 support importing indexes with Doctrine_Core::generateModelsFromDb function?

    - by Coagulant
    Does Doctrine 1.2 support importing indexes with Doctrine_Core::generateModelsFromDb() function? I need to make a migration between 2 database connections, one of them having unique index on 2 fields and one doesn't. And my migration is empty. It looks like Doctrine doesn't support indexes when importing from databae, other than those tied to relationship foreign keys. $changes = Doctrine_Core::generateMigrationsFromDiff($migrationsPath, array('doctrineOld'), array('doctrine'));

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  • Can't add an object using EF and SQL Compact

    - by kamilo
    Hello, I have some very simple SQL Compact database. I would like to use Entity Framework to access the database but for some reason I can't add an object to this database using EF. Here is the code using (pos_inglotEntities posInglotCtx = new pos_inglotEntities()) { posInglotCtx.Connection.Open(); CT_POS_OITM item = new CT_POS_OITM() { ItemCode = "123", ItemName="abc"}; try { posInglotCtx.AddToCT_POS_OITM(item); posInglotCtx.SaveChanges(); } catch (Exception e) { } posInglotCtx.Connection.Close(); } After running this code my database is still empty although if I run it once again I get "duplicate values" exception. But again database is empty. I created this db using PrimeWorks conversion tool from standard sql server database. What is going on? Thanks in advance

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  • Can I use a single DateTime field on the Entity Framework model side when the value is stored in a set of Int fields in the actual database?

    - by Ivan
    The actual table in the database has separate integer fields for storing year, month, day, hour and minute values (all in UTC) (seconds and milliseconds are irrelevant for my task and considered equal to zero). Needless to say it would be of great convenience to have just one field of DateTime type on the application side and hide all the conversion under the cover of the Entity Framework model code. Any directions on how to do that? I am not very experienced with Entity Framework yet.

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  • Detecting source of memory usage on a Linux box

    - by apeace
    I have a toy Linux box with 256mb RAM running Ubuntu 10.04.1 LTS. Here is the output of free -m: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 245 122 122 0 19 64 -/+ buffers/cache: 38 206 Swap: 511 0 511 Unless I'm reading this wrong, 122mb is being used and only 84mb of that is disk cache. Here are all processes I'm running sorted by memory usage (ps -eo pmem,pcpu,rss,vsize,args | sort -k 1 -r): %MEM %CPU RSS VSZ COMMAND 5.0 0.0 12648 633140 node /home/node/main/sites.js 1.5 0.0 3884 251736 /usr/sbin/console-kit-daemon --no-daemon 1.3 0.0 3328 77108 sshd: apeace [priv] 0.9 0.0 2344 19624 -bash 0.7 0.0 1776 23620 /sbin/init 0.6 0.0 1624 77108 sshd: apeace@pts/0 0.6 0.0 1544 9940 redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf 0.6 0.0 1524 25848 /usr/sbin/ntpd -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g -u 103:105 0.5 0.0 1324 119880 rsyslogd -c4 0.4 0.0 1084 49308 /usr/sbin/sshd 0.4 0.0 1028 44376 /usr/sbin/exim4 -bd -q30m 0.3 0.0 904 6876 ps -eo pmem,pcpu,rss,vsize,args 0.3 0.0 888 21124 cron 0.3 0.0 868 23472 dbus-daemon --system --fork 0.2 0.0 732 19624 -bash 0.2 0.0 628 6128 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty1 0.2 0.0 628 16952 upstart-udev-bridge --daemon 0.2 0.0 564 16800 udevd --daemon 0.2 0.0 552 16796 udevd --daemon 0.2 0.0 548 16796 udevd --daemon 0.0 0.0 0 0 [xenwatch] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [xenbus] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [sync_supers] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [netns] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [migration/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [migration/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [migration/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [migration/0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kswapd0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kstriped] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [ksoftirqd/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [ksoftirqd/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [ksoftirqd/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [ksoftirqd/0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [ksnapd] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kseriod] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kjournald] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [khvcd] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [khelper] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kblockd/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kblockd/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kblockd/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kblockd/0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [flush-202:1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [events/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [events/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [events/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [events/0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [crypto/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [crypto/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [crypto/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [crypto/0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [cpuset] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [bdi-default] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [async/mgr] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [aio/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [aio/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [aio/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [aio/0] Now, I know that ps is not the best for viewing process memory usage, but that's because it tends to report more memory than is actually being used...meaning no matter how you look at it all my processes combined shouldn't be using near 122mb, even if you account for the disk cache. What's more, memory usage is growing all the time. I've had to restart my server once a week, because once my 256mb fills up it starts swapping, which it wouldn't do just for disk cache. Shouldn't there be some way for me to see the culprit?! I'm new to server admin, so please if there's something obvious I'm overlooking point it out to me. Just for good measure, the output of cat /proc/meminfo: MemTotal: 251140 kB MemFree: 124604 kB Buffers: 20536 kB Cached: 66136 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 65004 kB Inactive: 37576 kB Active(anon): 15932 kB Inactive(anon): 164 kB Active(file): 49072 kB Inactive(file): 37412 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB SwapTotal: 524284 kB SwapFree: 524284 kB Dirty: 8 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 15916 kB Mapped: 10668 kB Shmem: 188 kB Slab: 18604 kB SReclaimable: 10088 kB SUnreclaim: 8516 kB KernelStack: 536 kB PageTables: 1444 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 649852 kB Committed_AS: 64224 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 752 kB VmallocChunk: 34359737600 kB DirectMap4k: 262144 kB DirectMap2M: 0 kB EDIT: I had misinterpreted the meaning of free -m at first. But even so: the important thing is that my OS eventually begins to use swap memory if I don't restart my server, which disk caching wouldn't do. So where do I look to see what is using all this memory?

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  • How to understand the memory usage and load average in linux server

    - by Tim
    Hi, I am using a linux server which has 128GB of memory and 24 cores. I use top to see how much it is used. Its output is pasted at the end of the post. Here are two questions: (1) I see that each of the running processes occupies a very small percentage of memory (%MEM no more than 0.2%, and most just 0.0%), but how the total memory is almost used as in the fourth line of output ("Mem: 130766620k total, 130161072k used, 605548k free, 919300k buffers")? The sum of used percentage of memory over all processes seems unlikely to achieve almost 100%, doesn't it? (2) how to understand the load average on the first line ("load average: 14.04, 14.02, 14.00")? Thanks and regards! Edit: Thanks! I also really like to hear some rough numbers based on used percentage of memory to determine if a server is heavily loaded, since I once became the one who cramed the server without understanding the current load. Is swap regarded as almost the same as memory? For example, when memory and swap are almost of same size, if the memory is almost running out but the swap is still largely free, may I just view it as if the used percentage of memory + swap is still not high and run other new processes? How would you consider together CPU or memory (or memory + swap) usage? Do you become worried if either of them reaches too high or both? Output of top: $ top top - 12:45:33 up 19 days, 23:11, 18 users, load average: 14.04, 14.02, 14.00 Tasks: 484 total, 12 running, 472 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 36.7%us, 19.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 43.6%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 130766620k total, 130161072k used, 605548k free, 919300k buffers Swap: 63111312k total, 500556k used, 62610756k free, 124437752k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 6529 sanchez 18 -2 1075m 219m 13m S 100 0.2 13760:23 MATLAB 13210 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 100 0.0 3:56.75 absurdity 13888 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1204 R 100 0.0 2:04.89 absurdity 14542 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1196 R 100 0.0 1:08.34 absurdity 14544 timothy 18 -2 2888 2076 400 R 100 0.0 1:06.14 gatherData 6183 sanchez 18 -2 1133m 195m 13m S 100 0.2 13676:04 MATLAB 6795 sanchez 18 -2 1079m 210m 13m S 100 0.2 13734:26 MATLAB 10178 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1204 R 100 0.0 11:33.93 absurdity 12438 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 100 0.0 5:38.17 absurdity 13661 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 100 0.0 2:44.13 absurdity 14098 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1204 R 100 0.0 1:58.31 absurdity 14335 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1196 R 100 0.0 1:08.93 absurdity 14765 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1196 R 99 0.0 0:32.57 absurdity 13445 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 99 0.0 3:01.37 absurdity 28990 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 2 0.0 65:50.21 pdflush 12141 tim 18 -2 19380 1660 1024 R 1 0.0 0:04.04 top 1240 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 16:07.11 kjournald 9019 root 20 0 296m 4460 2616 S 0 0.0 82:19.51 kdm_greet 1 root 20 0 4028 728 592 S 0 0.0 0:03.11 init 2 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:01.01 migration/0 4 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:08.13 ksoftirqd/0 5 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 6 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 17:27.31 migration/1 7 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:01.21 ksoftirqd/1 8 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1 9 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 10:02.56 migration/2 10 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.34 ksoftirqd/2 11 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2 12 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 4:29.53 migration/3 13 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.34 ksoftirqd/3

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