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• "Arbitrary" context free grammars?

  - by danwroy

  Long time admirer first time inquirer :) I'm working on a program which derives a deterministic finite-state automata from a context-free grammar, and the paper I have been assigned which explains how to do this keeps referring to "arbitrary probabilistic context-free grammars" but never defines the meaning of "arbitrary" in relation to PCFGs. I assume they mean "any old PCFG" but then why not just say "any PCFG"? The term also turns up in several Wikipedia entries. At the top of the CFG page there is a reference to arbitrariness in relation to CFGs on ("clauses can be nested inside clauses arbitrarily deeply"), but doesn't make clear why someone would refer to a PCFG or subset of PCFGs as arbitrary. In case anyone is curious, the paper is Parsing and Hypergraphs by Klein and Manning (2001); I've also been reading two other papers by them related to this one (An Agenda-Based Chart Parser for Arbitrary Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars and Empirical Bounds, Theoretical Models, and the Penn Treebank) which use the term extensively but never explain it either. Thanks for your help!

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• Routing and URI parsing in Codeigniter

  - by bobo

  I have a route defined in CI, $route['user/activate-account/:any'] = "user/activate_account"; People access the route in this url pattern, http://mydomain.com/user/activate-account/user_id/12345/token/abcdefghijk Inside the activate_account function, I tried to use the following codes to retrieve the required data, $user_id=$this->input->get('user_id'); $token=$this->input->get('token'); But they return FALSE, does this mean that for this kind of url pattern, I am supposed to use the functions provided by the URI class (http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/libraries/uri.html) to retrieve the variables?

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• Problem searching a NSMutableArray

  Basically, I have a UISearchBar searching an NSMutableArray of stories that make up an RSS feed, and when you select a story, it loads in my app's UIWebView. It's difficult to explain, but I have a list of entries 1, 2, 3, and 4 and you search for '4'. 4 will be the first entry in the now-filtered list of data, right? You'd think that by selecting 4, it would load in the UIWebView. Well, the app seems to not recognize that you're selecting the first entry in a filtered list of data, and instead thinks that you're selecting the first entry in the unfiltered array of data, so it loads entry 1. Everything looks right in my code, but obviously it isn't. I know it's a confusing problem, but I hope I made it somewhat clear. Anyway, here's the relevant source so that you may see exactly what I mean: Search.h: http://www.scribd.com/doc/13107802/Searchh Search.m: http://www.scribd.com/doc/13107812/Searchm

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• Is it possible to write a Skype client?

  - by JCasso

  Is there any libraries for this? I will put this on a server and it will be a windows service. And Skype will not be installed on server. So Skype API will not mean anything I guess. Edit: I am sorry for not being clear. Here is what i need: I just need a Skype client which will act like a small bot. A person who uses Skype will ask it something like: print totalCreditsLoadedToday And it will answer: 567867867 credits. I need to write a windows service which will accept text messages from Skype and will send responses as text message (a very simple Skype client). I don't need voip support but Skype is a, errr customer requirement lets say. (And yes I suggested Google Talk but not accepted) But i need to achieve this without installing Skype to the server.

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• Convert PDF to PDF/A-1

  - by AZtec

  I know this probably is not strictly a programming-question (well maybe it is, i don't know) but i'm having serious problems trying to convert a regular pdf (with hyperlinks, bookmarks, images, embedded fonts etc.) into a PDF/A-1 format. I get all kinds of errors when i check it with pdfaPilot. How can i prepare a pdf so no problems will occur when i try to convert to PDF/A-1. Most problems can be fixed with pdfaPilot but apparently not all. One of the problems i get is with the XMP Metadata which are "not properly defined". Wat exactly does this mean, and can i do something to prevent this. Another one is: "Syntax problem: Array with more than 8191 elements" (i hope this one is solvable) I hope someone can help me out here, since i'm in a tight spot right now with deadlines that are killing me.

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• Is there a way to make vim display "virtual characters" before/after regular patterns in the buffer?

  - by Laurence Gonsalves

  Vim has list and listchars options that make vim display "virtual characters" (by which I mean characters that aren't actually in the buffer) in certain situations. For example, you can make trailing spaces look like something else, or add a visible character to represent the newline character. I'd like to be able to enable the display of certain characters either before or after certain regular patterns ((perhaps syntax items). Sort of like syntax highlighting, but instead of just changing the color/styling of characters that are in the buffer, I'd like to display extra characters that aren't in the buffer. For example, I'd like to display a virtual : (colon) after all occurrences of the word "where" that appear at the end of a line. Is this possible, and if so, what is the necessary vimscript to do it?

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• Subversion commit conflict

  - by dvanaria

  I use Subversion mainly to synchronize work between two computers I use on a daily basis (and as a backup, since I have a checked-out copy of the repository on each computer). I keep the main repository on a USB flashdrive. I recently came across the following error when trying to commit a current working copy (and both working copies, one on each computer, are identical now): ! C career\UVaOnlineJudge\Log.doc local delete, incoming delete upon update ! C career\UVaOnlineJudge\102\Main.class local delete, incoming delete upon update Without going into more detail about what I did to get the repository out of synch, my question is more general. What does “local delete, incoming delete upon update” mean? What is Subversion expecting that I’m not giving it?

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• RSA Encrypt in PHP to decrypt in .NET

  - by user312904

  In PHP I am RSA encrypting a message to be decrypted by .NET application... but I keep getting a "Bad Key" exception from .NET.... For RSA encryption, I am using PEAR class Crypt_RSA- encrypting with the public key (which is a modulus, exponent pair) I get from working encryption system in .NET... I guess the easiest question would be- does "Bad Key" mean it is not able to decrypt the message whatsoever? IE, it is not encrypted correctly? The harder question is- Is there anything specific about RSA encryption that causes quirks between .NET and PHP?

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• How to secure authorization of methods

  - by Kurresmack

  I am building a web site in C# using MVC.Net How can I secure that no unauthorized persons can access my methods? What I mean is that I want to make sure that only admins can create articles on my page. If I put this logic in the method actually adding this to the database, wouldn't I have business logic in my data layer? Is it a good practise to have a seperate security layer that is always in between of the data layer and the business layer to make? The problem is that if I protect at a higher level I will have to have checks on many places and it is more likely that I miss one place and users can bypass security. Thanks!

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• ScrollTo - toggle between min-height/fixed height

  - by Skoder

  Hi everyone, I'm trying to use the ScrollTo plugin, but I can't seem to get it working properly. I tried to view the source at the site I linked to but I'm trying to achieve something slightly different. I would like the window pane to change size according to the content (so the height would increase for longer text and would decrease for shorter text). However, when I supply a min-height (as opposed to a fixed height), the pane automatically changes to the maximum height when the page is loaded. So if I have something set to margin-top:1000px;, the pane will be 1000px in size regardless of what tab is currently displaying. The fix would be to use height instead, but that would mean that the window won't expand in height and the user would have to scroll. I got my code from viewing the source on the ScrollTo page, but I also tried this tutorial code. Thanks for any help

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• Clojure / HBase: How to Import HBaseTestingUtility in v0.94.6.1

  - by David Williams

  In Clojure, if I want to start a test cluster using the hbase testing utility, I have to annotate my dependencies with: [org.apache.hbase/hbase "0.92.2" :classifier "tests" :scope "test"] First of all, I have no idea what this means. According to leiningens sample project.clj ;; Dependencies are listed as [group-id/name version]; in addition ;; to keywords supported by Pomegranate, you can use :native-prefix ;; to specify a prefix. This prefix is used to extract natives in ;; jars that don't adhere to the default "<os>/<arch>/" layout that ;; Leiningen expects. Question 1: What does that mean? Question 2: If I upgrade the version: [org.apache.hbase/hbase "0.94.6.1" :classifier "tests" :scope "test"] Then I receive a ClassNotFoundException Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration Whats going on here and how do I fix it?

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• Count end points in XML using XSL

  - by Chris

  I want to be able to count "end points" in an XML file using XSL. By endpoint I mean tag's with no children that contain data. i.e. <xmlsnippet> <tag1>NOTENOUGHDAYS</tag1> <tag2>INVALIDINPUTS</tag2> <tag3> <tag4> <tag5>2</tag5> <tag6>1</tag6> </tag4> </tag3> </xmlsnippet> This XML should return 4 as there are 4 "end points"

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• twitter's profile widget include in a separate javascript file

  - by raulricardo21

  Hi stackoverflowers, I'm just trying to put the custom twitter's profile widget on my page, but I like to put the code in a separate javascript's file. so, I don't know how to do that. I mean, I put this on head tag <script type="text/javascript" src="http://widgets.twimg.com/j/2/widget.js"></script> the create a div for the widget, an put the rest of the code in another javascript new TWTR.Widget(json_twitter_options).render().setUser('username').start(); But, how to "put" the result in that widget... I'm totally lost, thanks in advance.

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• How to define the order with ImportMany attribute?

  - by JD

  Hi to all, I am just getting into MEF and was wondering how you could define the order of collection exported with [ImportMany]? What I mean here is if I had two classes (Class1, Class2) that implement the interface IService and each of the implementations are in two different libraries (although they could be in the same), I want the Class2 instance to be created before the Class1 instance in the IEnumerable collection defined by the ImportMany attribute. So it is like a pipeline of functionality where Class2 calls are made before Class1 calls. Also, I have an another Class (Class3 which also implements IService) in another library, which I want introduced later on (i.e. some logging utility), how do I make this the 3rd instance in the ImportMany collection? JD

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• R counting the occurance of similar rows of data frame

  - by Matt

  I have data in the following format called DF (this is just a made up simplified sample): eval.num, eval.count, fitness, fitness.mean, green.h.0, green.v.0, offset.0 random 1 1 1500 1500 100 120 40 232342 2 2 1000 1250 100 120 40 11843 3 3 1250 1250 100 120 40 981340234 4 4 1000 1187.5 100 120 40 4363453 5 1 2000 2000 200 100 40 345902 6 1 3000 3000 150 90 10 943 7 1 2000 2000 90 90 100 9304358 8 2 1800 1900 90 90 100 284333 However, the eval.count column is incorrect and I need to fix it. It should report the number of rows with the same values for (green.h.0, green.v.0, and offset.0) by only looking at the previous rows. The example above uses the expected values, but assume they are incorrect. How can I add a new column (say "count") which will count all previous rows which have the same values of the specified variables? I have gotten help on a similar problem of just selecting all rows with the same values for specified columns, so I supposed I could just write a loop around that, but it seems inefficient to me.

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• jQuery datepicker - change "today" date?

  - by Newbie

  Hello! Is there a way to change the "today" date in jquery.ui datepicker? With today, I mean today (class="ui-datepicker-today") and not the minDate or the current-selected date! I figured out, that datepicker uses the system time for default values. Now I get the current date from my server and set it to my minDate. But I didn't find a way to set the today-date... It still uses my system date (there are some users out there whose systemdate is in the year 2000 or earlier). Can U help me plz?

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• What is it that automatically checks config changes (such as those in /etc) into git?

  - by Brandon

  I remember reading on the ubuntu forums some time ago about a program to automatically check configuration changes into version control for you. It was (of course) not Ubuntu-specific. I'm pretty sure it used git, though it may have been svn, or perhaps even able to work with multiple different VCSs. My Googling has turned up nothing, and I'd rather not roll my own script if someone has already done this well. Of course I could just manually check things in, but there are reasons I'd like it done automatically. (I'm actually planning to use this for my LastSession.plist file for Safari, so when the #@$%^*&! thing crashes, and I don't restore everything, and then Leopard crashes, the fact that it has such lousy session management won't mean I lose the dozens of windows with dozens of tabs I had open.)

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• Excel Autofilter in VB.NET

  - by Fabri

  In my application I'm exporting an Excel file by getting the layout of a HTML page. So, in my codebehind, I'm modifying the HTML layout and inserting itens on it like if it was a webpage. Doing it that way, I don't need to use any external library and, as the data I'm exporting is just a table, I don't need nothing complex to handle it. My question is: there is a way to create an AutoFilter by just modifying the HTML tags? I mean, like if a put a < bColumn Name in the HTML, when exporting to Excel it will become Bold, it is possible to do the same thing with the AutoFilter?

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• .NET Single Line Logging (ala Trace.Write/WriteLine) using Instrumentation.Logging

  - by KnownColor

  Hello Everyone, My question is whether it is possible to get line/multiline (very unsure of correct term for this) behaviour of the Trace.Write and Trace.WriteLine methods but using the Microsoft Instrumentation Logging framework in .NET 2.0. Desired Output Hello World! Oh Hai. What I Currently Have Trace.Write("Hello "); Trace.WriteLine("World!"); Trace.Write("Oh Hai."); I would prefer to use instrumentation to log rather than writing to a log file using Debug.Trace. EDIT: By Instrumentation Logging I mean using a 'loggingConfiguration' block in my App.config and writing Log Entries using using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Logger.Write(LogEntry logEntry); Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.FlatFileTraceListenerData, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=2.0.0.0 for example. Ta, KnownColor

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• how to prevent hacking of a WP site

  - by HollerTrain

  I have a WP install, and every few weeks some hackers keep adding some bunk script to the bottom of certain files, making the WP site not function. I've changed the user/pass to WP and this obviously isn't working. I'm thinking since they are effecting files that are not visible via the WP login files (which are just theme files) then does this mean they are getting access to the FTP and making their hacks there? If they are getting into FTP then why wouldn't they just remove all docs? Any insight would be greatly appreciate it. While I appreciate the billable hours to find/remove this code every few days the client isn't as excited about it as I am.

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• adding a node to a linked list.

  - by sil3nt

  Hi there, ive been given the following code, And im just wondering, what does *&listpointer mean in the argument of the addnode function? struct Node { int accnumber; float balance; Node *next; }; Node *A, *B; int main() { A = NULL; B = NULL; AddNode(A, 123, 99.87); AddNode(B, 789, 52.64); } void AddNode(Node * & listpointer, int a, float b) { // add a new node to the FRONT of the list Node *temp; temp = new Node; temp->accnumber = a; temp->balance = b; temp->next = listpointer; listpointer = temp; }

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• VBA Excel To SqlServer

  - by adrianm

  What is the best way to write VBA code to connect to SQL Server 2005 from Excel? The users of the excel file might run XP, Vista, Win7 and I want to prevent driver installation as much as possible. My understanding is that XP uses MDAC while Vista/Win7 uses DAC. Does that mean that a reference to MDAC 2.8 will not work on a Vista machine and the other way around? Will my VBA code work on both if I don't add a reference and use late binding, e.g. CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")?

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• How to attach multiple files to a Wordpress post?

  - by erik.brannstrom

  I'm currently working on a project where we are using Wordpress 3.0 RC. The idea is to create custom post types with meta boxes to make the system easier to use for the client. Some of these posts need to have multiple files attached to them, and by attached I do not mean inserted to post but rather we'd like to keep them separate from the post body (in fact, a given post type might not even have text, only files). I'm wondering if there is a standard approach for allowing multiple files to be attached to a Wordpress post? I've managed to add a meta box that allows one file from the media library to be selected, but I have no idea how to extend this to allow an arbitrary number of files. Hope someone can help!

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• Entity Framework: Data Centric vs. Object Centric

  - by Eric J.

  I'm having a look at Entity Framework and everything I'm reading takes a data centric approach to explaining EF. By that I mean that the fundamental relationships of the system are first defined in the database and objects are generated that reflect those relationships. Examples Quickstart (Entity Framework) Using Entity Framework entities as business objects? The EF documentation implies that it's not necessary to start from the database layer, e.g. Developers can work with a consistent application object model that can be mapped to various storage schemas When designing a new system (simplified version), I tend to first create a class model, then generate business objects from the model, code business layer stuff that can't be generated, and then worry about persistence (or rather work with a DBA and let him worry about the most efficient persistence strategy). That object centric approach is well supported by ORM technologies such as (n)Hibernate. Is there a reasonable path to an object centric approach with EF? Will I be swimming upstream going that route? Any good starting points?

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• What exactly is a no-parameter method name?

  - by mystify

  From the Core Data docs: A property name cannot be the same as any no-parameter method name of NSObject or NSManagedObject—for example, you cannot give a property the name “description” Ok, so -description is blocked for property names. I guess it's because of KVC. But what exactly does "no-parameter" mean? Is that any method which does not take a parameter? So in other words: Any property of NSObject or NSManagedObject ANY method name of NSObject or NSManagedObject, which does not take a parameter Did I get that right?

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