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  • Failed to fetch *.deb Size mismatch, then packages with unmet dependencies [solved]

    - by user113907
    I recently bought the wonderfully looking and reviewed Amnesia The Dark Descent and I'm trying to install it. The first time I tried to download it, I had to stop in the middle of the download (may have broken something). The second time I tried to download, at the end of the download it gave me the following error: Failed to fetch https://private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/amnesia/ubuntu/pool/main/a/amnesia/amnesia_1.2.1-0ubuntu2_i386.deb Size mismatch Now, whenever I try to download it, it gives me this error: The following packages have unmet dependencies: amnesia: Depends: libalut0 (>= 1.0.1) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libc6 (>= 2.4) but 2.15-0ubuntu10.3 is to be installed Depends: libfontconfig1 (>= 2.8.0) but 2.8.0-3ubuntu9.1 is to be installed Depends: libfreetype6 (>= 2.2.1) but 2.4.8-1ubuntu2 is to be installed Depends: libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1) but 1:4.6.3-1ubuntu5 is to be installed Depends: libopenal1 (>= 1:1.13) but 1:1.13-4ubuntu3 is to be installed Depends: libsdl1.2debian (>= 1.2.10-1) but 1.2.14-6.4ubuntu3 is to be installed Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 4.1.1) but 4.6.3-1ubuntu5 is to be installed Depends: libxft2 (> 2.1.1) but 2.2.0-3ubuntu2 is to be installed Depends: zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4) but 1:1.2.3.4.dfsg-3ubuntu4 is to be installed I already searched the net and ran a few command line commands. Ex: sudo dpkg --configure -a sudo apt-get install -f Or configure the software packages to download from Main instead of the local UK server. But I'm really not figuring out a solution. I have a fresh install of the latest LTS (12.04). The only non-standard thing so far is that I installed gnome-shell (?) because I really can't stand Unity. Help would be much appreciated. I am currently more than entertained enough with World of Goo and Command & Conquer, but I will want to play Amnesia in the close future.

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  • Do you store mysql exports in your version control tool for reverting to in event of error?

    - by Rob
    We run an internal web server with in-house software to run a manufacturing line. When new product features are to be added, either or both of the following occur: changes to the in-house server software may be required to support these - these are for significant changes in functionality, being code drive. changes to the MySQL database for new entries for the part numbers, these are for smaller changes, configurations, changes to already existing values and parameters -- such changes don't require code changes. Ideally we'd want our changes to be here rather than in item 1. Item 1 is version controlled in Subversion, so previous revisions can be referred to for rolling back to in the event of problems introduced in the latest revision. But what about changes to the MySQL database? We have quality processes to ensure that such changes are error-free but there is always a chance that errors can pass through, e.g. mistake in data entry or faults with the code that uses the MySQL corrupting the database etc. We have a automated backup every 6 hours but what if we want more manual defined checkpoints in between these intervals, we could use the same backup system but I wondered if folks here used other methods to store previous states of databases, e.g. exporting the database as a plain text SQL dump -- at least with this method it would be possible to see diffs e.g. in Beyond Compare for trouble shooting. Thoughts?

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  • Tender vs. Requirements vs. Solution Design

    - by Tom Tom
    Conventionally, which of the above documents is deemed to hold the most weight when it comes to system acceptance? I recently had a conversation along these lines: It was argued that the initial requirements / tender documentation should be used to determine system acceptance. It was said that the solution design only serves to describe the way in which the system will solve the problem, not the problem it will solve. Furthermore, it was argued that if requirements are missed during solution design, the requirements should be referenced during system acceptance and that if any requirements were missed then the original tender should be referenced. Conversely, I suggested that - while requirements may be based on the original tender - they supersede it once agreed with the stakeholders. Furthermore, during solution design, analysis is performed to address and refine these initial requirements, translating them into a system capable of meeting the actual requirements. Once signed off by the relevant users, this solution design should absolutely represent the requirements (by virtue of the fact that it's designed upon them) but actually supersedes them as the basis for system acceptance. Is one of the above arguments more valid than the other?

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  • Freebsd 7.2: View firmware version for disks?

    - by Stefan Lasiewski
    I'm running FreeBSD 7.2, with Seagate Cheetah (Model ST####) drives. We are having some problems with the SCSI drives on these machines. Our vendor says that updating the firmware on the drives may fix the problems, and a firmware update did seem to fix some SCSI problems on another FreeBSD host. How can I view the firmware version of these drives? I tried some tips from nixCraft, but nothing has worked so far. In dmesg, I see the Make and Model, but In Linux, this information is often in /var/log/dmesg (Although /var/log/dmesg is sometimes out of date), or I often find this information with something like sudo lshw -class disk, lshal or dmidecode.

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  • Group Matchmaking

    - by Simon Kérouack
    Consider different groups(1 or more players) queuing together, we want to make 2 opposing teams containing each the same amount of players while keeping the groups together. At the same time we want to make both teams' average ranking as close as possible. Now also consider we have as a working set the subset of groups currently queuing within a given ranking range. For an example, let's say we have the following groups, ordered by queuing time: Id, playerCount, totalRank, avgRank 0, 3, 126, 42 1, 2, 60, 30 2, 1, 25, 25 3, 2, 80, 40 4, 1, 40, 40 5, 1, 20, 20 6, 3, 150, 50 for this specific subset, the expected output should ideally be: team1: 0, 1 (total: 186) team2: 2, 5, 6 (total: 195) up to now the solution I have been using is to balance out each team by making each team pick the group with highest ranking within the subset turn by turn. The team who picks is the one with the currently lowest average rank unless one is already full. If one team is already full the other team tries to complete itself with groups that would make the rank gap as small as possible. This solution turns out to have issues with frequent edge cases and I'm looking for a better solution, or some fine-tuning that could be made. In most cases, players seems to want teams of 5 people and queue in group of 2. Our average subset when 2 teams of 5 are chosen is made of about 14 players if that may be of any help.

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  • Firefox freezes frequently

    - by user141740
    Good day, The application Firefox freezes very frequently and I have to use 'force quit" to get out and hence I lose all my activities and it is extremely frustrating. Only in one occasion, there was a pop-out message saying that this problem was going to be tracked but in all other occasions there is no tracking and no message I posted this error on Ubuntu community and it was stopped and I was told to post it on launchpad. I did try to do so with no success as after reading pages and pages which i really do not understand who would read them and why so many ridiculous and tedious rules and information, i even could not find the place or the way to post this bug. And I thought of this ASkUBUNTU and so i am posting here in the hope for some useful help and I have to mention I am new to Linux. Just a few minutes ago, I opened the Firefox through the Terminal and it crashed very quickly and there are some error messages and i copy and paste them hoping they can help thank you in advance and look forward to your help and solving this frustrating problem/bug and if you wish you may post it on Launchpad or do with report as you wish as long as the problem is solved. And here the messages appearing in Terminal, after Firefox crashed: ** (firefox:4099): WARNING **: Error calling add_icon method of Contextcontext: Timeout was reached ** (firefox:4099): WARNING **: Error calling set_homepage method of Contextcontext: Timeout was reached ** (firefox:4099): WARNING **: Error calling clear_indicator method of Indicatorcontext: Timeout was reached ** (firefox:4099): WARNING **: Error calling clear_indicator method of Indicatorcontext: Timeout was reached ** (firefox:4099): WARNING **: Error calling clear_indicator method of Indicatorcontext: Timeout was reached ** (firefox:4099): WARNING **: Error calling set_view_location method of Contextcontext: Timeout was reached ** (firefox:4099): WARNING **: Error calling set_view_window method of Contextcontext: Timeout was reached ** (firefox:4099): WARNING **: Error calling set_view_is_active method of Contextcontext: Timeout was reached Killed

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  • Ubuntu 9.10 + LXDE Error unmet dependencies

    - by skg
    I am working on Ubuntu 9.10 + LXDE as my current project. I am finding it difficult to install any new packages on this OS. For example, I need to install OpenCv package for qt webcam application, but every time it gives unmet dependencies error.And when i try to install dependencies it again show some more dependencies and so on and forms a circular loops. for example: sudo apt-get install libcv-dev .. .... The following packages have unmet dependencies: libcv-dev: Depends: libhighgui-dev (=1.0.0-6.2ubuntu1) but it is not going to installed. E: Broken packages Then I try to install libhighgui-dev as follow: sudo appt-get install libhighgui-dev .. ... The following packages have unmet dependencies: libhighgui-dev: Depends: libgtk2.0-dev but it is not going to installed E: Broken packages And this goes on never ending. Please suggest me something, as i have googled a lot and did not found any help. It may be , i m missing some primary packages to be installed.But how to find it? Any suggestion/help/link will be really appreciated. Thanks in Advance.

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  • How programmers can afford to NOT learn new things.

    - by newbie
    Good day! I am wondering how programmers learn many things because as a career shifter (from engineering to IT), I find it really hard to absorb everything. Three months ago, I learned HTML/CSS/Javascript. Two months ago, I learned mySQL and CCNA1. One month ago I learned C and Java. Now I am trying to learn J2EE. But it seems that I must combine everything I learned then add more into my brain (especially because J2EE is HUGE! -- XML, servlets, JSP, JSTL, EJB, frameworks(Hibernate, Structs, Spring), JDBC... and so on!!!) So I am wondering, how can programmers learn everything, then add something new without being confused of everything! Because Right now, I feel like my brain is going to explode because of information overload! And these knowledge I am trying to acquire are just the BASICS of programming (icing on the cake)! I still need to learn MORE to become a good programmer! And new technology emerges now and then that requires programmers to learn more again.. Learn.. learn.. learn... Any suggestions on how you as a programmer fit all you've learned into your brain? And how do you know which is the right thing for you to learn? Aren't you afraid that what you've learned may be obsolete next year then start learning again...?

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  • Routing and Remote access rule not being applied internally (Windows SBS)

    - by Tim Saunders
    Hi, I have a Microsoft Small Business Server. I have pointed an external domain name to the external fixed IP address for the server. In routing and remote access I have defined a service for our subversion server as follows: Incoming port: 8443 Private address: 192.168.10.5 Outgoing port: 8443 192.168.10.5 is our development server, not the SBS (which is at 192.168.10.1) This rule works correctly if I am not on our internal network. However if I am on the internal network this rule does not get applied. What can I do/set so this rule is applied both internally and externally (so users with laptops et, don't keep having to change the URL by which they access the subversion server) Not sure what other info you may need, so please let me know if more details are required. T

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  • Showing protocol specific mini icons for Jabber/XMPP gateway contacts

    - by aef
    Since a short while I'm using Ubuntu Oneiric Ocelot (11.10) with gnome-shell (Gnome 3) and I'm trying to get accustomed to the default Empathy Instant Messaging client. I'm using a gateway service on the side of my Jabber/XMPP server to communicate with lots of contacts over proprietary networks like ICQ or MSN. So I don't use Empathy's native support for ICQ and MSN, and I don't want to change back to using such a thing for various reasons. One thing that annoys me is that Empathy does not make it clear to me that these contacts are from another instant messaging network. If I enable the View Show Protocols option they are all recognized as Jabber/XMPP contacts. Although I perfectly understand why that happens, I would like to be able to change this behavior to make Empathy mark these contacts correctly. Is there a configuration option or a plugin for this? Or may this feature still be in development and will be available later?

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  • Adaptive Case Management Modeling with CMMN by Jessica Ray

    - by JuergenKress
    A new version of Oracle BPM Suite 11.1.1.7 with Adaptive Case Management (ACM) is now available, so what will that mean for requirements gathering? BPM project requirements can be documented using Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN 2.0). For ACM, there is a new notation in the works. It is called Case Management Model and Notation (CMMN). For now, this notation isn’t included as a modeling tool in the new version of Oracle BPM Suite 11.1.1.7 with ACM, but it is possible that a modeling tool could be included in a future release. What is CMMN? CMMN is a standard intended to capture the common elements that Case Management Products use, the same way that BPMN is a standard for BPM products (such as Oracle BPM). CMMN is created by the Object Management Group (OMG) and is still in the beta version. In April 2014, OMG released the second beta version the CMMN 1.0, and the most recent version is available here. CMMN captures some of the elements that are commonly used when talking about ACM such as Cases, Milestones, and Tasks. It also introduces some elements that you may not automatically hear when talking about ACM such as Stages, Events, and Decorators. Here is a quick summary at a few (but not all) of the elements of CMMN taken from the CMMN spec. A Few CMMN Elements Read the complete article here SOA & BPM Partner Community For regular information on Oracle SOA Suite become a member in the SOA & BPM Partner Community for registration please visit www.oracle.com/goto/emea/soa (OPN account required) If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. Blog Twitter LinkedIn Facebook Wiki Technorati Tags: Jessica Ray,Avio,Adaptive Case Management,ACM,CMMN,SOA Community,Oracle SOA,Oracle BPM,Community,OPN,Jürgen Kress

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  • Can't update scala on Gentoo

    - by xhochy
    As I wanted to test Scala 2.9.2 on my gentoo system I tried updated the package but ended up with this error. I can't figure out where the problem may be: Calculating dependencies ...... done! >>> Verifying ebuild manifests >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 running Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 >>> Emerging (1 of 1) dev-lang/scala-2.9.2 >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 running Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 >>> Failed to emerge dev-lang/scala-2.9.2, Log file: >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 running Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 >>> '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/temp/build.log' >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 running Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 running, 1 failed Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 failed Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 * Package: dev-lang/scala-2.9.2 * Repository: gentoo * Maintainer: [email protected] * USE: amd64 elibc_glibc kernel_linux multilib userland_GNU * FEATURES: sandbox [01m[31;06m!!! ERROR: Couldn't find suitable VM. Possible invalid dependency string. Due to jdk-with-com-sun requiring a target of 1.7 but the virtual machines constrained by virtual/jdk-1.6 and/or this package requiring virtual(s) jdk-with-com-sun[0m * Unable to determine VM for building from dependencies: NV_DEPEND: virtual/jdk:1.6 java-virtuals/jdk-with-com-sun !binary? ( dev-java/ant-contrib:0 ) app-arch/xz-utils >=dev-java/java-config-2.1.9-r1 source? ( app-arch/zip ) >=dev-java/ant-core-1.7.0 dev-java/ant-nodeps >=dev-java/javatoolkit-0.3.0-r2 >=dev-lang/python-2.4 * ERROR: dev-lang/scala-2.9.2 failed (setup phase): * Failed to determine VM for building. * * Call stack: * ebuild.sh, line 93: Called pkg_setup * scala-2.9.2.ebuild, line 43: Called java-pkg-2_pkg_setup * java-pkg-2.eclass, line 53: Called java-pkg_init * java-utils-2.eclass, line 2187: Called java-pkg_switch-vm * java-utils-2.eclass, line 2674: Called die * The specific snippet of code: * die "Failed to determine VM for building." * * If you need support, post the output of `emerge --info '=dev-lang/scala-2.9.2'`, * the complete build log and the output of `emerge -pqv '=dev-lang/scala-2.9.2'`. !!! When you file a bug report, please include the following information: GENTOO_VM= CLASSPATH="" JAVA_HOME="" JAVACFLAGS="" COMPILER="" and of course, the output of emerge --info * The complete build log is located at '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/temp/build.log'. * The ebuild environment file is located at '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/temp/die.env'. * Working directory: '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2' * S: '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/work/scala-2.9.2-sources' * Messages for package dev-lang/scala-2.9.2: * Unable to determine VM for building from dependencies: * ERROR: dev-lang/scala-2.9.2 failed (setup phase): * Failed to determine VM for building. * * Call stack: * ebuild.sh, line 93: Called pkg_setup * scala-2.9.2.ebuild, line 43: Called java-pkg-2_pkg_setup * java-pkg-2.eclass, line 53: Called java-pkg_init * java-utils-2.eclass, line 2187: Called java-pkg_switch-vm * java-utils-2.eclass, line 2674: Called die * The specific snippet of code: * die "Failed to determine VM for building." * * If you need support, post the output of `emerge --info '=dev-lang/scala-2.9.2'`, * the complete build log and the output of `emerge -pqv '=dev-lang/scala-2.9.2'`. * The complete build log is located at '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/temp/build.log'. * The ebuild environment file is located at '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/temp/die.env'. * Working directory: '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2' * S: '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/work/scala-2.9.2-sources' The following eix output may help: % eix java-virtuals/jdk-with-com-sun [I] java-virtuals/jdk-with-com-sun Available versions: 20111111 {{ELIBC="FreeBSD"}} Installed versions: 20111111(16:08:51 18/04/12)(ELIBC="-FreeBSD") Homepage: http://www.gentoo.org Description: Virtual ebuilds that require internal com.sun classes from a JDK Both virtual jdks 1.6 and 1.7 are installed: % eix virtual/jdk [I] virtual/jdk Available versions: (1.4) ~1.4.2-r1[1] (1.5) 1.5.0 ~1.5.0-r3[1] (1.6) 1.6.0 1.6.0-r1 (1.7) (~)1.7.0 Installed versions: 1.6.0-r1(1.6)(23:22:48 10/11/12) 1.7.0(1.7)(23:21:09 10/11/12) Description: Virtual for JDK [1] "java-overlay" /var/lib/layman/java-overlay

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  • Which window manager do you use?

    - by Stephan202
    Combining "What is your default web browser?" and "What are the differences between Linux Window Managers", I ask you: which window manager do you use, and why? Myself I prefer a minimal window manager on the one hand (in the past I used Fluxbox), but on the other hand wish to go with the main stream, to ease finding (Googling) solutions in case of problems. Hence I stick with Gnome as it is shipped with Ubuntu. Why do you use the window manager which you use? I understand some reasons may be subjective, but please try to cite technical reasons where possible.

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  • Disable spell checking in IE 11 (Win 8.1)

    - by ComFreek
    I have the same Problem as described here: Disable spell checking in Internet Explorer 10 (Windows 8) My system: Windows 8.1 Pro 64-bit What I've already done: Deactivating the spelling options: (There may be minor differences between the following screenshot and the actual 8.1 display. I copied it from here because I own a German Version and I therefore thought that an English one would be simpler to understand.) I turned both options off and tried to restart IE. It's still "correcting" my texts. Searching for 'spelling correction' addons As said in the picture, this entry does not exist on my PC. (The following screenshot is taken from here) Is there any way of disabling it? I prefer an "official" solution if one is available. Otherwise, I also take any registry involving Solutions.

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  • Domain name is forwarding to my localhost, no idea why

    - by Dustin Fineout
    On my local development machine, I have a WAMP setup (Windows Vista Home Premium, Apache 2, MySQL and PHP 5). One of my projects is rehash.dustinfineout.com, which may be related to the problem... For some reason, when I try to visit http://www.rehash.com in a browser, it forwards automatically to 127.0.0.1 loopback/localhost. I discovered this entirely accidentally. I have already looked at the http.conf and extra/httpd-vhosts.conf Apache configuration files and these are not causing it. I also checked the windows hosts file but that had no entries in it either (C:/WINDOWS/System32/drivers/etc/hosts - maybe there is another location I need to check). Any ideas? Just to clarify, rehash.com is NOT my domain.

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  • MonoGame not all letters being drawn with DrawString

    - by Lex Webb
    I'm currently making a dynamic user interface for my game and are setting up having text on my buttons. I'm having an odd issue where, when i use a specific piece of code to determine the text position, it will not render all of the text passed to DrawString. Even weirder, is if i insert another DrawString after this, drawing more text at a different place, different parts of the text will be drawn. The code for drawing my button with the text attached is: public override void Draw(SpriteBatch sb, GameTime gt) { sb.Draw(currentImage, GetRelativeRectangle(), Color.White); sb.DrawString(font, text, new Vector2(this.GetRelativeDrawOffset().X + this.Width / 2 - font.MeasureString(text).X / 2, this.GetRelativeDrawOffset().Y + this.Height / 2 - font.MeasureString(text).Y / 2), textColor); } The methods in the creation of the Vector2 simply get the draw position of the button. I'm then doing some calculation to center the text. This produces this when the text is set to 'Test': And when i enter this piece of code below the first DrawString: sb.DrawString(font, "test", new Vector2(500, 50), Color.Pink); I should mention that that grey square is being drawn in the same spritebatch, before the button and the text. Any ideas as to what could be causing this? I have a feeling it may be due to draw order, but i have no idea how to control that.

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  • Is having functionality in DB a road block to scalability?

    - by Estefany Velez
    I may not be able to give the right title to the question. But here it is, We are developing financial portal for wealth management. We are expecting over 10000 clients to use the application. The portal calculates various performance analytics based on the the technical analysis of the stock market. We developed lot of the functionality through Stored procedures, user defined functions, triggers etc. through Database. We thought we can gain huge performance boost doing stuff directly in database than through C# code. And we actually did get a huge performance boost. When I tried to brag about the achievement to our CTO, he counter questioned my decision of having functionality implemented in database rather than code. According to him such applications suffer scalability problems. In his words "These days things are kept in memory/cache. Clustered data is hard to manage over time. Facebook, Google have nothing in database. It is the era of thin servers and thick clients. DB is used only to store plain data and functionality should be completely decoupled from the database." Can you guys please give me some suggestions as to whether what he says is right. How to go about architect such an application?

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  • Evolution of mainstream programming languages: simplicity versus complexity.

    - by Giorgio
    I had posted this question on http://stackoverflow.com but I was suggested that it may be more appropriate to post it on this forum. I did a quick search on this site and it seems to me that this question has not been asked yet. Please give me a hint if the topic has been raised already by someone else. Update I have rephrased this question, removed personal opinions and made it shorter. I hope in this way it is better suited for this forum. By looking at the recent development of Java (Java 7) and C++ (C++0x) I see that new features are added to these languages. For sure this makes it easier to use certain programming idioms, adding to the productivity of developers. On the other hand, there might be the following risks A language becomes too big, complex, and difficult to understand. It lacks coherence in the design, e.g. if it mixes different paradigms like object-orientation and functional programming, which might not fit well together. Questions: what is more important to you as a developer: to have a rich language that captures a large collection of programming idioms or to have a small language that aims at coherence and simplicity (of course, with a good deal of libraries and tools accompanying it)? Or is it possible to have both? With respect to these issues: How do you judge the current evolutions of main-stream programming languages like Java or C++? Are they becoming too complex, less intuitive? Do they have enough features? Do they need more? Are they still easy enough to understand and use?

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  • Dell Mini 9 Integrated Microphone -- not working

    - by Josh Eismanaf
    Im running the latest Debian version, 6.0 on my Dell Mini 9.Webcam and sound work, but microphone is a no-go. I hope even though it is Debian, fellow Linux users can help. In Alsamixer (1.0.23), I have Capture, Digital, and Mic settings all the way up. There are no options for adjusting "Front" mic settings. (May have been for older alsamixer versions?) In Sound Recorder, playback has loud noise/feedback? Under Preferences in Volume Control under the Recording tab, both Capture and Digital are permanently checked, regardless if I uncheck them. I'm not sure how to interpret the above, but I am just trying to offer as much relevant background information as I can. I've been scouring forums for the answer, but to no avail. Most questions/answers are from 2008, and couldn't find a solution. I'm not very handy with the Linux machine, but love to learn / am learning. Also, I've attempted the solution here, and it didn't work. Thanks, in advance, for your help!

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  • Passing Strings by Ref

    - by SGWellens
    Humbled yet again…DOH! No matter how much experience you acquire, no matter how smart you may be, no matter how hard you study, it is impossible to keep fully up to date on all the nuances of the technology we are exposed to. There will always be gaps in our knowledge: Little 'dead zones' of uncertainty. For me, this time, it was about passing string parameters to functions. I thought I knew this stuff cold. First, a little review... Value Types and Ref Integers and structs are value types (as opposed to reference types). When declared locally, their memory storage is on the stack; not on the heap. When passed to a function, the function gets a copy of the data and works on the copy. If a function needs to change a value type, you need to use the ref keyword.  Here's an example:     // ---- declaration -----------------     public struct MyStruct    {        public string StrTag;    }     // ---- functions -----------------------     void SetMyStruct(MyStruct myStruct)     // pass by value    {        myStruct.StrTag = "BBB";    }     void SetMyStruct(ref MyStruct myStruct)  // pass by ref    {        myStruct.StrTag = "CCC";    }     // ---- Usage -----------------------     protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        MyStruct Data;        Data.StrTag = "AAA";         SetMyStruct(Data);        // Data.StrTag is still "AAA"         SetMyStruct(ref Data);        // Data.StrTag is now "CCC"    } No surprises here. All value types like ints, floats, datetimes, enums, structs, etc. work the same way. And now on to... Class Types and Ref     // ---- Declaration -----------------------------     public class MyClass    {        public string StrTag;    }     // ---- Functions ----------------------------     void SetMyClass(MyClass myClass)  // pass by 'value'    {        myClass.StrTag = "BBB";    }     void SetMyClass(ref MyClass myClass)   // pass by ref    {        myClass.StrTag = "CCC";    }     // ---- Usage ---------------------------------------     protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        MyClass Data = new MyClass();        Data.StrTag = "AAA";         SetMyClass(Data);          // Data.StrTag is now "BBB"         SetMyClass(ref Data);        // Data.StrTag is now "CCC"    }  No surprises here either. Since Classes are reference types, you do not need the ref keyword to modify an object. What may seem a little strange is that with or without the ref keyword, the results are the same: The compiler knows what to do. So, why would you need to use the ref keyword when passing an object to a function? Because then you can change the reference itself…ie you can make it refer to a completely different object. Inside the function you can do: myClass = new MyClass() and the old object will be garbage collected and the new object will be returned to the caller. That ends the review. Now let's look at passing strings as parameters. The String Type and Ref Strings are reference types. So when you pass a String to a function, you do not need the ref keyword to change the string. Right? Wrong. Wrong, wrong, wrong. When I saw this, I was so surprised that I fell out of my chair. Getting up, I bumped my head on my desk (which really hurt). My bumping the desk caused a large speaker to fall off of a bookshelf and land squarely on my big toe. I was screaming in pain and hopping on one foot when I lost my balance and fell. I struck my head on the side of the desk (once again) and knocked myself out cold. When I woke up, I was in the hospital where due to a database error (thanks Oracle) the doctors had put casts on both my hands. I'm typing this ever so slowly with just my ton..tong ..tongu…tongue. But I digress. Okay, the only true part of that story is that I was a bit surprised. Here is what happens passing a String to a function.     // ---- Functions ----------------------------     void SetMyString(String myString)   // pass by 'value'    {        myString = "BBB";    }     void SetMyString(ref String myString)  // pass by ref    {        myString = "CCC";    }     // ---- Usage ---------------------------------     protected void Button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        String MyString = "AAA";         SetMyString(MyString);        // MyString is still "AAA"  What!!!!         SetMyString(ref MyString);        // MyString is now "CCC"    } What the heck. We should not have to use the ref keyword when passing a String because Strings are reference types. Why didn't the string change? What is going on?   I spent hours unssuccessfully researching this anomaly until finally, I had a Eureka moment: This code: String MyString = "AAA"; Is semantically equivalent to this code (note this code doesn't actually compile): String MyString = new String(); MyString = "AAA"; Key Point: In the function, the copy of the reference is pointed to a new object and THAT object is modified. The original reference and what it points to is unchanged. You can simulate this behavior by modifying the class example code to look like this:      void SetMyClass(MyClass myClass)  // call by 'value'    {        //myClass.StrTag = "BBB";        myClass = new MyClass();        myClass.StrTag = "BBB";    } Now when you call the SetMyClass function without using ref, the parameter is unchanged...just like the string example.  I hope someone finds this useful. Steve Wellens

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  • How to create a deb package that installs a series of files

    - by fossfreedom
    I would like to create a brand new deb package to install series of files. If at all possible, I would like to untar the folder containing these files as part of the installation into a known folder location. Failing that, some knowledge how to package the source folders and files would be very useful. Question is - is this possible and if so - how? Lets give an example: ~/mypluginfolder/ contains the files x, y, a subfolder called abc and inside that another file called z. I want to tar this folder: tar -cvf myfiles.tar ~/mypluginfolder I presume my debian package would look like myfiles.tar.gz myfiles+ppafoss_0.1-1/ myfiles.tar DEBIAN changelog, compat, control, install, rules source Is it possible to somehow untar myfiles.tar to a known folder location for example /usr/share/rhythmbox/plugins/ Thus the final result would be: /usr/share/rhythmbox/plugins/mypluginfolder /usr/share/rhythmbox/plugins/mypluginfolder\x /usr/share/rhythmbox/plugins/mypluginfolder\y /usr/share/rhythmbox/plugins/mypluginfolder\abc\z If - presuming launchpad needs source, advice is sought as to where I should drop the source folders and files into the deb package structure. This will eventually will become a series of individual launchpad PPA packages. What I prefer (but may not be able to achieve...) is to keep my packaging to a minimum - create a series of packages from a template and adjust the bare minimum (changelog etc + the tar file/file & folder structure).

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  • VMPlayer 9, Xubuntu 12.10, Rails Development - Freezing frequently

    - by douglasisshiny
    I have a new Vizio Ultrabook that came with Windows 7. I develop Rails applications, and it's a pain to do that in windows, so I setup a Xubuntu VM with 1GB ram and 2 CPU cores. I basically keep the VM open all the time and have enough memory not to worry. Sometimes I pause the VM. For the first few days, everything was fine. The fourth day, Xubuntu froze up while running a test (with Guard and RSpec). I didn't think much of it and restarted the VM and went on my way. The freezes started becoming more frequent, though. I don't think they are only when I run a test, but often they are. It'll happen quickly, too. Startup VM, save file, test runs, it freezes, all within 5 minutes. Of note: the VM is using a shared folder from Windows (where the code is). This may be the problem. Any other people experience something like this?

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  • hung up troubleshooting packet discards

    - by Chris Satola
    I realize my question is generic, but hopefully someone may have some guidance for me. My network consists of Cisco switches. I am seeing a significant amount (upwards of millions of packets per day) transmit drops between two switches. One being a 3750 and the other a 3560. The peak throughput of this link is only upper 400Mbps, so it shouldn't be a bandwidth issue. At this point, I am sort of clueless where to look or what tools I can use to determine what packets are dropping and why. I can setup a SPAN port on that link and wireshark it, but I don't know if that could tell me anything. Does anyone have any suggestions? Thanks in advance.

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  • Where is a reputable place to buy ink refills for my color laser printer?

    - by FooBook
    I was looking around for a place to buy a refill kit for my laser printer. Of course, there are thousands of websites that are selling these kits. The problem is that I can't tell which one is a good one to buy from. How can I tell if the store has a good reputation. I don't want to pay, and then not receive the item. This has happened to me before (IvySkin). Or get conned some other way. One place I found is printerinkcartridge.us. But again, I can't find any independent information from people that they have successfully ordered products from there, and that they received what they expected. Are there any reliable sites you can suggest where I may order a kit from? Is the one I found good enough? Thanks guys.

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  • My first time in the gambling industry

    - by sfrj
    I am a Java enterprise developer with almost 3 years of professional experience. Soon i am going to have a face to face interview with a company in the gambling industry. I already did successfully a phone screening and now for the personal interview i suppose they will ask me about some kind of white board problem or system design task. I think i am in the right place to ask about this, and would appreciate a lot if someone would give me some tips or share something related to his own experience. The things i am more interested in regarding my interview are: What are the most common challenges for programmers, in this industry? Any idea or suggestion on a white board problem they may ask me? Could you point me to some links where i can find information on the topic or sample problems in this industry?. I personally find this question very interesting not just for me. Also i think, the given answers can help also others in a similar situation. Just what i want to say whit this last comment is: Please avoid, answers like: www.google.com and so on...

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