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  • Database design advice needed.

    - by user346271
    Hi all, I'm a lone developer for a telecoms company, and am after some database design advice from anyone with a bit of time to answer. I am inserting into one table ~2 million rows each day, these tables then get archived and compressed on a monthly basis. Each monthly table contains ~15,000,000 rows. Although this is increasing month on month. For every insert I do above I am combining the data from rows which belong together and creating another "correlated" table. This table is currently not being archived, as I need to make sure I never miss an update to the correlated table. (Hope that makes sense) Although in general this information should remain fairly static after a couple of days of processing. All of the above is working perfectly. However my company now wishes to perform some stats against this data, and these tables are getting too large to provide the results in what would be deemed a reasonable time. Even with the appropriate indexes set. So I guess after all the above my question is quite simple. Should I write a script which groups the data from my correlated table into smaller tables. Or should I store the queries result sets in something like memcache? I'm already using mysqls cache, but due to having limited control over how long the data is stored for, it's not working ideally. The main advantages I can see of using something like memcache: No blocking on my correlated table after the query has been cashed. Greater flexibility of sharing the collected data between the backend collector and front end processor. (i.e custom reports could be written in the backend and the results of these stored in the cache under a key which then gets shared with anyone who would want to see the data of this report) Redundancy and scalability if we start sharing this data with a large amount of customers. The main disadvantages I can see of using something like memcache: Data is not persistent if machine is rebooted / cache is flushed. The main advantages of using MySql Persistent data. Less code changes (although adding something like memcache is trivial anyway) The main disadvantages of using MySql Have to define table templates every time I want to store provide a new set of grouped data. Have to write a program which loops through the correlated data and fills these new tables. Potentially will still grow slower as the data continues to be filled. Apologies for quite a long question. It's helped me to write down these thoughts here anyway, and any advice/help/experience with dealing with this sort of problem would be greatly appreciated. Many thanks. Alan

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  • How can I represent a line of music notes in a way that allows fast insertion at any index?

    - by chairbender
    For "fun", and to learn functional programming, I'm developing a program in Clojure that does algorithmic composition using ideas from this theory of music called "Westergaardian Theory". It generates lines of music (where a line is just a single staff consisting of a sequence of notes, each with pitches and durations). It basically works like this: Start with a line consisting of three notes (the specifics of how these are chosen are not important). Randomly perform one of several "operations" on this line. The operation picks randomly from all pairs of adjacent notes that meet a certain criteria (for each pair, the criteria only depends on the pair and is independent of the other notes in the line). It inserts 1 or several notes (depending on the operation) between the chosen pair. Each operation has its own unique criteria. Continue randomly performing these operations on the line until the line is the desired length. The issue I've run into is that my implementation of this is quite slow, and I suspect it could be made faster. I'm new to Clojure and functional programming in general (though I'm experienced with OO), so I'm hoping someone with more experience can point out if I'm not thinking in a functional paradigm or missing out on some FP technique. My current implementation is that each line is a vector containing maps. Each map has a :note and a :dur. :note's value is a keyword representing a musical note like :A4 or :C#3. :dur's value is a fraction, representing the duration of the note (1 is a whole note, 1/4 is a quarter note, etc...). So, for example, a line representing the C major scale starting on C3 would look like this: [ {:note :C3 :dur 1} {:note :D3 :dur 1} {:note :E3 :dur 1} {:note :F3 :dur 1} {:note :G3 :dur 1} {:note :A4 :dur 1} {:note :B4 :dur 1} ] This is a problematic representation because there's not really a quick way to insert into an arbitrary index of a vector. But insertion is the most frequently performed operation on these lines. My current terrible function for inserting notes into a line basically splits the vector using subvec at the point of insertion, uses conj to join the first part + notes + last part, then uses flatten and vec to make them all be in a one-dimensional vector. For example if I want to insert C3 and D3 into the the C major scale at index 3 (where the F3 is), it would do this (I'll use the note name in place of the :note and :dur maps): (conj [C3 D3 E3] [C3 D3] [F3 G3 A4 B4]), which creates [C3 D3 E3 [C3 D3] [F3 G3 A4 B4]] (vec (flatten previous-vector)) which gives [C3 D3 E3 C3 D3 F3 G3 A4 B4] The run time of that is O(n), AFAIK. I'm looking for a way to make this insertion faster. I've searched for information on Clojure data structures that have fast insertion but haven't found anything that would work. I found "finger trees" but they only allow fast insertion at the start or end of the list. Edit: I split this into two questions. The other part is here.

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  • How to reflect over T to build an expression tree for a query?

    - by Alex
    Hi all, I'm trying to build a generic class to work with entities from EF. This class talks to repositories, but it's this class that creates the expressions sent to the repositories. Anyway, I'm just trying to implement one virtual method that will act as a base for common querying. Specifically, it will accept a an int and it only needs to perform a query over the primary key of the entity in question. I've been screwing around with it and I've built a reflection which may or may not work. I say that because I get a NotSupportedException with a message of LINQ to Entities does not recognize the method 'System.Object GetValue(System.Object, System.Object[])' method, and this method cannot be translated into a store expression. So then I tried another approach and it produced the same exception but with the error of The LINQ expression node type 'ArrayIndex' is not supported in LINQ to Entities. I know it's because EF will not parse the expression the way L2S will. Anyway, I'm hopping someone with a bit more experience can point me into the right direction on this. I'm posting the entire class with both attempts I've made. public class Provider<T> where T : class { protected readonly Repository<T> Repository = null; private readonly string TEntityName = typeof(T).Name; [Inject] public Provider( Repository<T> Repository) { this.Repository = Repository; } public virtual void Add( T TEntity) { this.Repository.Insert(TEntity); } public virtual T Get( int PrimaryKey) { // The LINQ expression node type 'ArrayIndex' is not supported in // LINQ to Entities. return this.Repository.Select( t => (((int)(t as EntityObject).EntityKey.EntityKeyValues[0].Value) == PrimaryKey)).Single(); // LINQ to Entities does not recognize the method // 'System.Object GetValue(System.Object, System.Object[])' method, // and this method cannot be translated into a store expression. return this.Repository.Select( t => (((int)t.GetType().GetProperties().Single( p => (p.Name == (this.TEntityName + "Id"))).GetValue(t, null)) == PrimaryKey)).Single(); } public virtual IList<T> GetAll() { return this.Repository.Select().ToList(); } protected virtual void Save() { this.Repository.Update(); } }

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  • PHP Shared Sessions across Domain

    - by bigstylee
    Hi, I have seen a few answers to this on SOO but most of these are concerned with the use of subdomains, of which none have worked for me. The common one being that the use of session.cookie_domain, which from my understanding will only work with subdomains. I am interested in a solution that deals with deals with entirely different domains (and includes the possibility of subdomains). Unfortunately project deadlines being what they are, time is not on my side, so I turn to SOO's expertise and experience. The current project brief is to be able to log into one site which currently only stores the user_id in the session and then be able to retrieve this value while on a different domain within the same server enviroment. Session data is being stored/retrieved from a database where the session id is the primary key. I am hoping to find a "light wieght" and "easy" to implement solution. The system is utlising an in-house Model View Controller design pattern, so all requests (including different domains) are run through a single bootstrap script. Using the domain name as a variable, this determines what context to display to the user. One option that did look like to have potential is the use of a hidden image and using the alt tag to set the user id. My first impressions suggest this immediately seems "too easy" (if possible) and riddled with security flaws. Disscuss? Another option which I considered is using the IP and User Agent for authentication but again I feel this not going to be a reliable option due to shared networks and changing IP addresses. My third option (and preferred) which I considered and as yet not seen discussed is using htaccess to fool the user into thinking that they are on a different domain when infact apache is redirecting; something like www.foo.com/index.php?domain=bar.com&controller=news/categoires/1 but displays to the user as www.bar.com/news/categories/1 foo.com represents the "main site domain" which all requests are run through and bar.com is what the user thinks they are accessing. The controller request dictates the page and view being requested. Is this possible? Are there other options? Pros/Cons? Thanks in advanced!!!

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  • jquery mouseover animation jumping

    - by Sylph
    Hi all, I have a table which is looped in <li>. On mouseover each row, there will be a border shown, and the row id="resFunc" will be displayed. However, in IE, the animation jumps up and down. Anyone has similar experience or solution to solve this? Thanks in advance! <div id="resDetails" align="left"> <table width="400px" class="resBox"> <tr> <td><b>{creator}</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="edit{_id}" id="{_id}"> {title}</div></td> </tr> <tr style="display:none" class="url{_id}"> <td colspan="2" class="edit_url{_id}" id="{_id}">{url}</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="edit_area{_id}" id="{_id}">{description}</td> </tr> <tr id="resFunc{_id}" style="display:none"> <td colspan="2" align="right"><b><a href="#" id="{_id}" class="editRes">Edit</a>&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="#" class="deleteResource" id="{_id}">Delete</a></b> </td> </tr> </table><br> </div> This is the onClick function :- $(".resBox").mouseover(function(){ var id = $(this).attr("id"); $(this).addClass('highlight'); $('#resFunc'+id).show(); }); $(".resBox").mouseout(function(){ var id = $(this).attr("id"); $(this).removeClass('highlight'); $('#resFunc'+id).hide(); });

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  • Select options not showing in IE

    - by donkapone
    I have a dynamically generated select with some options and it shows the options fine in normal browsers, but its empty options in IE. Here's the generated HTML: <select name="0" id="custom_0" style="border-bottom: #c0cedb 1px solid; border-left: #c0cedb 1px solid; background-color: #ededed; width: 280px; font-size: 0.87em; border-top: #c0cedb 1px solid; border-right: #c0cedb 1px solid"> <option id="1000" value="0" name="00">1x2GB ECC DDRIII 2GB ECC DDRIII</option> <option id="1001" value="10" name="01">2x2GB ECC DDRIII 4GB ECC DDRIII (+10.00 €)</option> </select> I can't really show you the javascript, since there's so much of it and I would be able to make it simple just for a demo. Maybe you had some of you would've had a similar experience and could figure this one out. Thanks I've added some javascript: $('#custom_order').append('<tr id="custom_'+category+'_row"><td'+padding+'>'+header+'<select id="custom_'+category+'" name="'+category+'" style="background-color:#EDEDED;border:1px solid #C0CEDB;width:280px;font-size:0.87em"></select>'+plusspan+'</td></tr>'); for (var i=0;i<components[category]['value'].length;i++){ $('#custom_'+category).append('<option id="'+components[category]['value'][i]['id']+'" value="'+components[category]['value'][i]['price']+'"></option>'); removals(category,i); dependencies(category,i); selectInput(category); } getDiff(category); getDiff() function adds the values to the options with html() function. The weird thing is, if I alert the html of the option just after the getDiff() function, it shows the value filled out. And it I put the getDiff() function in the for loop where the options are generated, it fills the values and shows them in IE, just not the last one. I'm calling getDiff() outside the loop for optimization, and since I can add the values later after all the options are generated. Well at least I thought I could, since it works on Firefox and Chrome.

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  • How do you return a string from a function correctly in Dynamic C?

    - by aquanar
    I have a program I am trying to debug, but Dynamic C apparently treats strings differently than normal C does (well, character arrays, anyway). I have a function that I made to make an 8 character long (well, 10 to include the \0 ) string of 0s and 1s to show me the contents of an 8-bit char variable. (IE, I give it the number 13, it returns the string "0001101\0" ) When I use the code below, it prints out !{happy face] 6 times (well, the second one is the happy face alone for some reason), each return comes back as 0xDEAE or "!\x02. I thought it would dereference it and return the appropriate string, but it appears to just be sending the pointer and attempting to parse it. This may seem silly, but my experience was actually in C++ and Java, so going back to C brings up a few issues that were dealt with in later programming languages that I'm not entirely sure how to deal with (like the lack of string variables). How could I fix this code, or how would be a better way to do what I am trying to do (I thought maybe sending in a pointer to a character array and working on it from the function might work, but I thought I should ask to see if maybe I'm just trying to reinvent the wheel). Currently I have it set up like this: this is an excerpt from the main() display[0] = '\0'; for(i=0;i<6;i++) { sprintf(s, "%s ", *char_to_bits(buffer[i])); strcat(display, s); } DispStr(8,5, display); and this is the offending function: char *char_to_bits(char x) { char bits[16]; strcpy(bits,"00000000\0"); if (x & 0x01) bits[7]='1'; if (x & 0x02) bits[6]='1'; if (x & 0x04) bits[5]='1'; if (x & 0x08) bits[4]='1'; if (x & 0x10) bits[3]='1'; if (x & 0x20) bits[2]='1'; if (x & 0x40) bits[1]='1'; if (x & 0x80) bits[0]='1'; return bits; } and just for the sake of completion, the other function is used to output to the stdio window at a specific location: void DispStr(int x, int y, char *s) { x += 0x20; y += 0x20; printf ("\x1B=%c%c%s", x, y, s); }

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  • Is it possible to use CSS to align these divs/spans in a table-like manner? (While still retaining continuity)

    - by Justin L.
    I have <div class='line'> <div class='chord_line'> <span class='chord_block'></span> <span class='chord_block'>E</span> <span class='chord_block'>B</span> <span class='chord_block'>C#m</span> <span class='chord_block'>A</span> </div> <div class='lyric_line'> <span class='lyric_block'></span> <span class='lyric_block'>Just a</span> <span class='lyric_block'>small-town girl</span> <span class='lyric_block'>living in a</span> <span class='lyric_block'>lonely world</span> </div> </div> (Excuse me for not being too familiar with proper css conventions for when to use div/spans) I want to be able to display them so that each chord_block span and lyric_block span is aligned vertically, as if they were left-aligned and on the same row of a table. For example: E B C#m A Just a small-town girl living in a lonely world (There will often be cases where an empty chord block is matched up to non-empty lyric block, and vice-versa.) I'm completely new to using CSS to align things, and have had no real understanding/experience of CSS aside from changing background colors and link styles. Is this possible in CSS? If not, how could the div/class nesting structure be revised to make this possible? I could change the spans to divs if necessary. Some things I cannot use: I can't change the structure to group things by a chord_and_lyric_block div (and have their width stretch to the length of the lyric, and stack them horizontally), because I couldn't really copy/select the lyrical lines continuously in their entirety, which is extremely critical. I'm trying to avoid a table-like solution, because this data is not tabular at all. The chord line and the lyric line are meant to be read as one continuous line, not a set of cells. Also, apart from the design philosophy reasons, I think it might have the same problems as the previous thing bullet point. If this is possible, what div/span attributes should I be using? Can you provide sample css? If this is not possible, can it be done with javascript? EDIT: I'm sorry I wasn't clear at the start, but I would like a solution that allows both the chord line and the lyric line to be "selectable" and continuous.

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  • A versioning workflow for multiple similar (but not identical) deployments

    - by rs77
    I'm currently employed at a small non-tech organisation and have been given the role of coding the organisations' website. While I have enjoyed the task and have learnt much with web dev I've encountered a few issues that I'm hoping someone will be able to help with me or at least point me in the right direction on. A little background: The site I work on has subdomains that each have their own separate WordPress installation on - as this has been the easiest "backend" admin panel for the type of user who will be responsible for updating content (etc). Within the organisation I work under the Marketing Manager (MM) and I code according to his style guide and wire frames. While we have been working with only one subdomain since the beginning of the year the project has been relatively simple and straightforward. However, lately the workflow is becoming a little more complicated as our original subdomain has been copied over to the other subdomains. Each of the new subdomains receives minor edits to their stylesheets (eg. different pictures for background, slightly different colours here and there, etc). The issue: At the moment managing all the different subdomains has been "bearable", but the straw that's braking the camel's back at the moment has been the slight reversions the MM has required now that the CEO has seen the final product. The problem I'm having with reversions in stylesheets is that the CEO will one week state that he likes change "X" and then as the MM and I continue to modify the site (to now "Z"), will another week state that he wants us to change "X" to "W" but keeping most of the changes made in "Y". What I'm looking for is something that allows for: tracking file changes reverting changes made (or reverting back to 'a' from 'e' but including changes 'b' & 'c') easily upload necessary files to their respective WP-theme installation Does anything out there come close to addressing these issues? If so, what? Thanks for any help! PS - I'm learning Git at the moment and it seems to do the "tracking file changes" quite nicely. Haven't learnt about the reverting changes bit yet, though. Maybe for my final point I'm thinking of creating a shell script to automatically upload the files to their folders. Does Git do this too though? Addendum (alexbbrown) I had a similar problem: I ran a custom version of mediawiki where I installed various extensions in the versioned core (with svn). Each of the extensions required an section in the confit file, but the confit file also needed local configuration for each of several deployments. I could have implemented it using includes, but they would not be versioned; and rebasing branches each time is a chore. +50 experience points for a good answer in git.

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  • What's the fastest lookup algorithm for a key, pair data structure (i.e, a map)?

    - by truncheon
    In the following example a std::map structure is filled with 26 values from A - Z (for key) and 0 – 26 for value. The time taken (on my system) to lookup the last entry (10000000 times) is roughly 250 ms for the vector, and 125 ms for the map. (I compiled using release mode, with O3 option turned on for g++ 4.4) But if for some odd reason I wanted better performance than the std::map, what data structures and functions would I need to consider using? I apologize if the answer seems obvious to you, but I haven't had much experience in the performance critical aspects of C++ programming. #include <ctime> #include <map> #include <vector> #include <iostream> struct mystruct { char key; int value; mystruct(char k = 0, int v = 0) : key(k), value(v) { } }; int find(const std::vector<mystruct>& ref, char key) { for (std::vector<mystruct>::const_iterator i = ref.begin(); i != ref.end(); ++i) if (i->key == key) return i->value; return -1; } int main() { std::map<char, int> mymap; std::vector<mystruct> myvec; for (int i = 'a'; i < 'a' + 26; ++i) { mymap[i] = i - 'a'; myvec.push_back(mystruct(i, i - 'a')); } int pre = clock(); for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; ++i) { find(myvec, 'z'); } std::cout << "linear scan: milli " << clock() - pre << "\n"; pre = clock(); for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; ++i) { mymap['z']; } std::cout << "map scan: milli " << clock() - pre << "\n"; return 0; }

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  • Advice needed: stay with Java team or move to C++ team?

    - by user68759
    Some background - I have been programming in Java as a professional for the last few years. This is mainly using Java SE. I have also touched bits and pieces of other various Java technologies and have some basic knowledge about them. I consider my self as an intermediate Java programmer. I like Java very much. I think it is only going to get bigger. Recently, my manager asked my opinion on whether I would like to be transferred to another team within the company that is developing a product in C++. This is mainly because my current Java team simply didn't make enough money due to poor sales and the economic downturn. Now, I have never had any experience with C++ nor have I ever coded a single line of code in C++. I have always wanted to learn it and now is my chance. But I really want to make sure I get benefit out of it in the future, in the sense that I will have the skills that will still be on-demand in the future. So, what do you experts think? Is C++ still the language to learn these days to secure yourself for the future? What will I learn more in C++ but not in Java? And are they worthy to learn considering the current and possible future demands in IT industry? (Apart from the obvious more control over memory management and something along that line.) What is a good excuse to refuse the offer in order to stay with the Java team? I don't want to blatantly refuse it because you can never predict the future and I could possibly come back to my manager in the future and ask him to transfer me to the C++ team. How do I say it nicely that I am taking the offer but I would like to still be involved with Java one way or another, such as when there is a new Java project I would like to be considered. I have to admit that I am kind of 50-50 at the moment. I want to learn C++ for the sake of improving my skills and also helping my company to reduce the fund required for the Java team. But it is also hard for me to leave Java because I know Java is going to get bigger, so I am afraid of getting behind when I start concentrating on C++. I could, of course, decide to just join the C++ team, and then spend my free time reading about Java to keep in touch with it, but I thought I would ask anyway in case some people can point out the strong points of either over the other given the current and possibly future circumstances.

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  • Writing OpenGL enabled GUI

    - by Jaen
    I am exploring a possibility to write a kind of a notebook analogue that would reproduce the look and feel of using a traditional notebook, but with the added benefit of customizing the page in ways you can't do on paper - ask the program to lay ruled paper here, grid paper there, paste an image, insert a recording from the built-in camera, try to do handwriting recognition on the tablet input, insert some latex for neat formulas and so on. I'm pretty interested in developing it just to see if writing notes on computer can come anywhere close to the comfort plain paper + pencil offer (hard to do IMO) and can always turn it in as a university C++ project, so double gain there. Coming from the type of project there are certain requirements for the user interface: the user will be able to zoom, move and rotate the notebook as he wishes and I think it's pretty sensible delegate it to OpenGL, so the prospective GUI needs to work well with OGL (preferably being rendered in it) the interface should be navigable with as little of keyboard input as user wishes (incorporating some sort of gestures maybe) up to limiting the keyboard keys as modifiers to the pen movements and taps; this includes tablet and possible multitouch support the interface should keep out of the way where not needed and come up where needed and be easily layerable the notebook sheet itself will be a container for objects representing the notebook blurbs, so it would be nice if the GUI would be able to overlay some frames over the exact parts of the OpenGL-drawn sheet to signify what can be done with given part (like moving, rotating, deleting, copying, editing etc.) and it's extents In terms of interface it's probably going to end up similar to Alias' Sketch Book Pro: [picture][http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_GGxlzvZW-CY/SeKYA_oBdSI/AAAAAAAAErE/J6A0kyXiuqA/s400/Autodesk_Alias_SketchBook_Pro_2.jpg] As far as toolkits go I'm considering Qt and nui, but I'm not really aware how well would they match up the requirements and how well would they handle such an application. As far as I know you can somehow coerce Qt into doing widget drawing with OpenGL, but on the other hand I heard voices it's slot-signal framework isn't exactly optimal and requires it's own preprocessor and I don't know how hard would be to do all the custom widgets I would need (say color-wheel, ruler, blurb frames, blurb selection, tablet-targeted pop-up menu etc.) in the constraints of Qt. Also quite a few Qt programs I've had on my machine seemed really sluggish, but it may be attributed to me having old PC or programmers using Qt suboptimally rather to the framework itself. As for [nui][http://www.libnui.net/] I know it's also cross-platform and all of the basic things you would require of a GUI toolkit and what is the biggest plus it is OpenGL-enabled from the start, but I don't know how it is with custom widgets and other facets and it certainly has smaller userbase and less elaborate documentation than Qt. The question goes as this: Does any of these toolkits fulfill (preferably all of) the requirements or there is a well fitting toolkit I haven't come across or maybe I should just roll up my sleeves, get SFML (or maybe Clutter would be more suited to this?) and something like FastDelegates or libsigc++ and program the GUI framework from the ground up myself? I would be very glad if anyone had experience with a similar GUI project and can offer some comments on how well these toolkits hold up or is it worthwhile to pursue own GUI toolkit in this case. Sorry for longwindedness, duh.

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  • codeigniter not being able to get the full param from url?

    - by bnelsonjax
    Im having a weird issue that i cant seem to fix. It's dealing with viewing a company and adding a location to that company. when viewing a company, my url would look like this: domain.com/company/view/415 So clearly 415 is the ID of company, the company shows up correctly on my company view page. Now comes the weird part. when clicking on an "Add Location" link, which would take me to : domain.com/location/add/415 so once again this should be saying Location / Add / 415 (company ID 415) on this page, if i do it will echo 4 (instead of 415...the company id) if the company id is 754, the php echo $data['id'] would echo 7 (instead of 754). So its stripping the last 2 numbers off the Company ID. Here is my controller: public function add($id) { if (isset($_POST["add"])) { $this->Equipment_model->add($id); redirect('company/view/'.$id); } $data['locations'] = $this->Equipment_model->get_locations($id); $data['data'] = $id; $this->load->view('templates/header'); $this->load->view('equipment/add', $data); $this->load->view('templates/footer'); } here is my .htaccess RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-l RewriteCond $1 !^(index\.php|css|font|img|js|themes) RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [QSA,L] Because my php/codeigniter experience is limited, maybe my terminology is off, so i created a video and uploaded it to twitch, here is the link if you wanna see what im talking about: http://www.twitch.tv/bnelsonjax/b/420079504 if anyone could help i'd be so grateful, I've been stuck on this for about a week. UPDATE ok now we are getting somehwere, when i change controller to: public function add($id) { if (isset($_POST["add"])) { $this->Equipment_model->add($id); redirect('company/view/'.$id); } $data['locations'] = $this->Equipment_model->get_locations($id); $data['data'] = $id; $data['cid'] = $id; $this->load->view('templates/header'); $this->load->view('equipment/add', $data); $this->load->view('templates/footer'); $this->output->enable_profiler(TRUE); } if i add the following to the view page: <?php echo $data['id']; ?> it echos: 7 this one: <?php echo $cid; ?> it echos 766 (CORRECT ONE) this one: <?php echo $data['cid']; ?> it echos 7 my question then is why if the controller show: $data['data'] = $id; $data['cid'] = $id; does only the one thats $data['cid'] echo correctly?

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  • How can I scale movement physics functions to frames per second (in a game engine)?

    - by Richard
    I am working on a game in Javascript (HTML5 Canvas). I implemented a simple algorithm that allows an object to follow another object with basic physics mixed in (a force vector to drive the object in the right direction, and the velocity stacks momentum, but is slowed by a constant drag force). At the moment, I set it up as a rectangle following the mouse (x, y) coordinates. Here's the code: // rectangle x, y position var x = 400; // starting x position var y = 250; // starting y position var FPS = 60; // frames per second of the screen // physics variables: var velX = 0; // initial velocity at 0 (not moving) var velY = 0; // not moving var drag = 0.92; // drag force reduces velocity by 8% per frame var force = 0.35; // overall force applied to move the rectangle var angle = 0; // angle in which to move // called every frame (at 60 frames per second): function update(){ // calculate distance between mouse and rectangle var dx = mouseX - x; var dy = mouseY - y; // calculate angle between mouse and rectangle var angle = Math.atan(dy/dx); if(dx < 0) angle += Math.PI; else if(dy < 0) angle += 2*Math.PI; // calculate the force (on or off, depending on user input) var curForce; if(keys[32]) // SPACE bar curForce = force; // if pressed, use 0.35 as force else curForce = 0; // otherwise, force is 0 // increment velocty by the force, and scaled by drag for x and y velX += curForce * Math.cos(angle); velX *= drag; velY += curForce * Math.sin(angle); velY *= drag; // update x and y by their velocities x += velX; y += velY; And that works fine at 60 frames per second. Now, the tricky part: my question is, if I change this to a different framerate (say, 30 FPS), how can I modify the force and drag values to keep the movement constant? That is, right now my rectangle (whose position is dictated by the x and y variables) moves at a maximum speed of about 4 pixels per second, and accelerates to its max speed in about 1 second. BUT, if I change the framerate, it moves slower (e.g. 30 FPS accelerates to only 2 pixels per frame). So, how can I create an equation that takes FPS (frames per second) as input, and spits out correct "drag" and "force" values that will behave the same way in real time? I know it's a heavy question, but perhaps somebody with game design experience, or knowledge of programming physics can help. Thank you for your efforts. jsFiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/BadDB

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  • Strange DNS issue with internal Windows DNS

    - by Brady
    I've encountered a strange issue with our internal Windows DNS infrastructure. We have a website hosted on Amazon EC2 with the DNS running on Amazon Route 53. In the publicly facing DNS we have the wildcard record setup as an A record Alias pointing to an AWS Elastic Load Balancer sitting in front of our EC2 instances. For those who are not aware, the A record Alias behaves like a CNAME record, however no extra lookup is required on the client side (See http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/Route53/latest/DeveloperGuide/CreatingAliasRRSets.html for more information). We have a secondary domain that has the www subdomain as a CNAME pointing to a subdomain on the primary domain, which resolves against the wildcard entry. For example the subdomain www.secondary.com is a CNAME to sub1.primary.com, but there is no explicit entry for sub1.primary.com, so it resolves to wildcard record. This setup work without issue publicly. The issue comes in our internal DNS at our corporate office where we use the same primary domain for some internal only facing sites. In this setup we have two Active Directory DNS servers with one Server 2003 and one Server 2008 R2 instance. The zone is an AD integrated zone, but it is not the AD domain. In the internal DNS we have the wildcard record pointing to a third external domain, that is also hosted on Route 53 with an A record Alias pointing to the same ELB instance. For example, *.primary.com is a CNAME to tertiary.com, so in effect you have www.secondary.com as a CNAME to *.primary.com, which is a CNAME to tertiary.com. In this setup, attempting to resolve www.secondary.com will fail. Clearing the cache on the Server 2003 instance will allow it to resolve once, but subsequent attempts will fail. It fails even with a clean cache against the 2008 R2 server. It seems that only Windows clients are affected. A Mac running OSX Mountain Lion does not experience this issue. I'm even able to replicate the issue using nslookup. Against the 2003 server, with a freshly cleaned cache, I recieve the appropriate response from www.secondary.com: Non-authoritative answer: Name: subdomain.primary.com Address: x.x.x.x (Public IP) Aliases: www.secondary.com Subsequent checks simply return: Non-authoritative answer: Name: www.secondary.com If you set the type to CNAME you get the appropriate responses all the time. www.secondary.com gives you: Non-authoritative answer: www.secondary.com canonical name = subdomain.primary.com And subdomain.primary.com gives you: subdomain.primary.com canonical name = tertiary.com And setting type back to A gives you the appropriate response for tertiary.com: Non-authoritative answer: Name: tertiary.com Address: x.x.x.x (Public IP) Against the 2008 R2 server things are a little different. Even with a clean cache, www.secondary.com returns just: Non-authoritative answer: Name: www.secondary.com The CNAME records are returned appropriately. www.secondary.com returns: Non-authoritative answer: www.secondary.com canonical name = subdomain.primary.com And subdomain.primary.com gives you: subdomain.primary.com canonical name = tertiary.com tertiary.com internet address = x.x.x.x (Public IP) tertiary.com AAAA IPv6 address = x::x (Public IPv6) And setting type back to A gives you the appropriate response for tertiary.com: Non-authoritative answer: Name: tertiary.com Address: x.x.x.x (Public IP) Requests directly against subdomain.primary.com work correctly.

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  • Long pause when accessing DFS namespace

    - by Matt
    We've recently migrated our Windows network to use DFS for shared files. DFS is working well, except for one annoying problem: users experience a significant delay when they try to access a DFS namespace that they have not accessed for some time. I have tried to troubleshoot the issue but have not had any success so far, and I was hoping someone here may have some pointers to help resolve the problem. Firstly, some background on our network: The network uses a Windows 2008 functional level Active Directory domain with two Windows 2008 DCs and two DNS servers (one on each of the DCs). The network is DNS only - no WINS. All computers are located at the same site and connected by Gigabit Ethernet. We have approximately 20 Domain-based DFS namespaces in Windows 2008 mode, and each DFS namespace has two Windows 2008 DFS namespace servers (the same two servers for all namespaces). All namespace servers are in FQDN mode and all folder targets are specified using their FQDN. All computers are up-to-date with Service Packs and patches. The actual folder targets (i.e. the SMB shares our DFS folders point to) are scattered across several file and application servers, all running Windows 2008 bar two application servers which run Windows 2003 R2, with no replication setup at all (e.g. all DFS folders currently only have one folder target). Some more detail on the problem: The namespace access delay is generally 1 - 10 seconds long and seems to occur when a particular computer has not accessed the requested namespace for approximately five minutes or more. For example, if the user has not accessed \\domain.name\namespace1\ for more than five minutes and attempts to access \\domain.name\namespace1\ via Windows Explorer, the Explorer window will freeze for 1 - 10 seconds before finally resuming and displaying the folders that exist in \\domain.name\namespace1. If they then close the Explorer window and attempt to access \\domain.name\namespace1\ again within five minutes the contents will be displayed almost instantly - if they wait longer than five minutes it will go through the 1 - 10 second pause again. Once "inside" the namespace everything is nice and snappy, it's just the initial connection to the namespace that is slow. The browsing delays seem to affect all variants of Windows that we use (Windows 2008 x64 SP2, Windows 2003 R2 x86 SP2, Windows XP Pro x86 SP3) - it is possibly a bit worse in Windows XP / 2003 than in Windows 2008, but I'm not sure if the difference isn't just psychological. Accessing the underlying folder targets directly exhibits no delay at all - i.e. if the SMB shares pointed to by DFS are accessed directly (bypassing DFS) then there is no pause. During trouble-shooting I noticed that the "Cache duration" for all of our DFS roots is set to 300 seconds - 5 minutes. Given that this is the same amount of time required to trigger the pause I assume that this caching is somehow related, although I am unsure exactly what is cached on the client and hence what needs to be looked up again after 5 minutes have elapsed. In trying to resolve the problem I have already tried / checked the following (without success): Run dcdiag on both Domain Controllers - no problems found Done some basic DNS server checks without finding any problems - I don't know how to check the DNS servers in detail, but I would add that the network is not exhibiting any other strange behavior that may point to a DNS problem Disabled Anti-virus on clients and servers Removing one of the namespace servers from a couple of namespaces - no difference So that's where I'm up to - and I'm out of ideas. Can anyone suggest what may be causing the delays and/or what I should be trying next?

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  • NetBackup with VSS and Instant Recovery - Failing to delete old snapshots

    - by Jonathan Bourke
    We are attempting to implement Microsoft VSS for snap-shotting in our NetBackup 6.5.3.1 environment. The clients are both 32 & 64 bit Windows 2003 Server. Snapshot parameters are: Instant recovery is enabled Maximum snapshots = 1 Provider type = 1 (System) Snapshot attribute = 1 (Differential) All backups successfully complete, and VSS shadows are successfully created both for the snapshot backup and for the open files (shadow copy components). The Issue: NetBackup is not clearing or overwriting old snapshots with each successive backup. When we list shadows, and shadow storage, it is increasing and increasing. IT is not honouring the Maximum Snapshot setting. The Logs: The bpfis log doesn’t really appear to show any errors other than for methods which we are not employing (VxVM, Flashsnap, etc.). A section is as follows: 11:54:10.744 [348.4724] <2> logparams: D:\Program Files\Veritas\NetBackup\bin\bpfis.exe delete -nbu -id htpststr001.san.mgmt.det_1248918143 -bpstart_to 300 -bpend_to 300 -clnt htpststr001.san.mgmt.det 11:54:10.744 [348.4724] <4> bpfis: INF - BACKUP START 348 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <8> onlfi_initialize_vfms: VfMS error 10; see following messages: 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <8> onlfi_initialize_vfms: Non-fatal method error was reported 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <8> onlfi_initialize_vfms: vfm_configure_fi_one: method: FlashSnap, type: FIM, function: FlashSnap_init 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <8> onlfi_initialize_vfms: VfMS method error 3; see following message: 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <8> onlfi_initialize_vfms: FlashSnap_init: Veritas Volume Manager not installed. 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <8> onlfi_initialize_vfms: VfMS error 10; see following messages: 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <8> onlfi_initialize_vfms: Non-fatal method error was reported 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <8> onlfi_initialize_vfms: vfm_configure_fi_one: method: vxvm, type: FIM, function: vxvm_init 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <8> onlfi_initialize_vfms: VfMS method error 3; see following message: 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <8> onlfi_initialize_vfms: vxvm_init: Veritas Volume Manager not installed. 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <4> onlfi_thaw: Thawing C:\ using snapshot method VSS. 11:54:11.713 [348.4724] <2> onlfi_vfms_logf: vfm_thaw: delete snapshot ... 11:54:11.744 [348.4724] <2> onlfi_vfms_logf: snapshot services: emcclariionfi:Thu Jul 30 2009 11:54:11.744000 <Thread id - 4724> Unable to import any login credentials for any appliances. 11:54:11.760 [348.4724] <2> onlfi_vfms_logf: snapshot services: hpevafi:Thu Jul 30 2009 11:54:11.760000 <Thread id - 4724> CHpEvaPlugin::init: CLI tool is not installed. 11:54:11.760 [348.4724] <2> onlfi_vfms_logf: snapshot services: hpmsafi:Thu Jul 30 2009 11:54:11.760000 <Thread id - 4724> No array mangement credentials are available in configuration file. 11:54:13.806 [348.4724] <4> onlfi_thaw: do_thaw return value: 0 11:54:13.806 [348.4724] <4> onlfi_thaw: Thawing D:\ using snapshot method VSS. 11:54:15.806 [348.4724] <4> onlfi_thaw: do_thaw return value: 0 11:54:19.806 [348.4724] <2> fis_delete_id: removing D:\Program Files\Veritas\NetBackup\online_util\fi_cntl\bpfis.fim.htpststr001.san.mgmt.det_1248918143.0 11:54:19.806 [348.4724] <2> fis_delete_id: removing D:\Program Files\Veritas\NetBackup\online_util\fi_cntl\bpfis.fim.htpststr001.san.mgmt.det_1248918143.0.fiid 11:54:19.853 [348.4724] <4> bpfis: INF - EXIT STATUS 0: the requested operation was successfully completed The Question: Has anyone any experience of NetBackup / VSS not clearing snapshots after backups? We will ultimately be using a HP EVA for the snapshots, but we want to ensure correct functioning at a VSS level before we go further. Regards, Jonathan (PS: Question previously posted by my colleague on entsupport.symantec.com)

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  • Weird networking problem ( Linksys, Windows 7 )

    - by Rohit Nair
    Okay it's a bit tough to figure out where to start from, but here is the basic summary of the issue: During general internet usage, there are times when any attempt to visit a website stalls at "Waiting for somedomain.com". This problem occurs in Firefox, IE and Chrome. No website will load, INCLUDING the router configuration page at 192.168.1.1. Curiously, ping works fine, and other network apps such as MSN Messenger continue to work and I can send and receive messages. Disconnecting and reconnecting to the wireless network seems to fix the problem for a bit, but there are times when it relapses into not loading after every 2-3 http requests. Restarting the router seems to fix the issue, but it can crop up hours or days later. I have a CCNA cert and I know my way around the Windows family of operating systems, so I'm going to list all the things I've tried here. Other computers on the network seem to suffer the same problem, which makes me think it might be a specific problem with something in Win7. The random nature of this issue makes it a bit difficult to confirm, but I can definitely say that I have experienced this on the following systems: Windows 7 64-bit on my desktop Windows Vista 32-bit on my desktop ( the desktop has 2 wireless NICs and the problem existed on both ) Windows Vista 32-bit on my laptop ( both with wireless and wired ) Windows XP SP3 on another laptop ( both wireless and wired ) Using Wireshark to sniff packets seemed to indicate that although HTTP requests were being SENT out, no packets were coming in to respond to the HTTP request. However, other network apps continued to work i.e I would still receive IMs on Windows Live Messenger. Disabling IPV6 had no effect. Updating router firmware to the latest stock firmware by Linksys had no effect. Switching to dd-wrt firmware had no effect. By "no effect" I mean that although the restart required by firmware updates fixed the problem at the time, it still came back. A couple of weeks back, after a LOT of googling and flipping of various options, I figured it might be a case of router slowdown ( http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Router%5FSlowdown ) caused by the fact that I occasionally run a torrent client. I tried changing the configuration as suggested in that router slowdown link, and restarted the router. However I have not run the torrent client for 12 days now, and yet I still randomly experience this problem. Currently the computer I am using is running Windows 7 64-bit. I would just like to reiterate some of the reasons that I was confused by the issue. Even the router config page at 192.168.1.1 would not load, indicating that it's not a problem with the WAN link, but probably a router issue or a local computer issue. For some reason, disconnecting and reconnecting to the wireless network immediately seems to fix the problem. Updating the router firmware, even switching to open source firmware did nothing. So it seemed to be a computer issue. On the other hand, I have not seen any mass outrage of people having networking problems with Windows 7 and Linksys routers, especially a problem of this sort, and I have tweaked every network setting I could think of. Although HTTP seems to have trouble, ping works fine, DNS lookups work fine, other networking apps work fine. However if I disconnect from Windows Live Messenger and try to reconnect, it fails to reconnect. So although it could receive data over the existing TCP/IP connection, trying to start a new one failed? Does anyone have any further ideas on debugging or fixing this issue? I am reasonably certain there are no viruses or other malicious apps on my network, and I am also reasonably certain that nobody is accessing my router without my consent. Router: Linksys WRT54G2 1.0 running dd-wrt firmware Wireless Card: Alfa AWUS036H OS: Windows 7 64-bit EDIT: I tried switching to a clean wireless channel free from interference, but the problem still persisted. I tried connecting directly with a cable, but the problem still persisted. Signed A very confused and bewildered geek whose knowledge seems to be useless in the face of this frustrating network issue.

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  • Splitting a raidctl mirror safely

    - by milkfilk
    I have a Sun T5220 server with the onboard LSI card and two disks that were in a RAID 1 mirror. The data is not important right now but we had a failed disk and are trying to understand how to do this for real if we had to recover from a failure. The initial situation looked like this: # raidctl -l c1t0d0 Volume Size Stripe Status Cache RAID Sub Size Level Disk ---------------------------------------------------------------- c1t0d0 136.6G N/A DEGRADED OFF RAID1 0.1.0 136.6G GOOD N/A 136.6G FAILED Green light on the 0.0.0 disk. Find / lights up the 0.1.0 disk. So I know I have a bad drive and which one it is. Server still boots obviously. First, we tried putting a new disk in. This disk came from an unknown source. Format would not see it, cfgadm -al would not see it so raidctl -l would not see it. I figure it's bad. We tried another disk from another spare server: # raidctl -c c1t1d0 c1t0d0 (where t1 is my good disk - 0.1.0) Disk has occupied space. Also the different syntax options don't change anything: # raidctl -C "0.1.0 0.0.0" -r 1 1 Disk has occupied space. # raidctl -C "0.1.0 0.0.0" 1 Disk has occupied space. Ok. Maybe this is because the disk from the spare server had a RAID 1 on it already. Aha, I can see another volume in raidctl: # raidctl -l Controller: 1 Volume:c1t1d0 (this is my server's root mirror) Volume:c1t132d0 (this is the foreign root mirror) Disk: 0.0.0 Disk: 0.1.0 ... No problem. I don't care about the data, I'll just delete the foreign mirror. # raidctl -d c1t132d0 (warning about data deletion but it works) At this point, /usr/bin/ binaries freak out. By that I mean, ls -l /usr/bin/which shows 1.4k but cat /usr/bin/which gives me a newline. Great, I just blew away the binaries (ie: binaries in mem still work)? I bounce the box. It all comes back fine. WTF. Anyway, back to recreating my mirror. # raidctl -l Controller: 1 Volume:c1t1d0 (this is my server's root mirror) Disk: 0.0.0 Disk: 0.1.0 ... Man says that you can delete a mirror and it will split it. Ok, I'll delete the root mirror. # raidctl -d c1t0d0 Array in use. (this might not be the exact error) I googled this and found of course you can't do this (even with -f) while booted off the mirror. Ok. I boot cdrom -s and deleted the volume. Now I have one disk that has a type of "LSI-Logical-Volume" on c1t1d0 (where my data is) and a brand new "Hitachi 146GB" on c1t0d0 (what I'm trying to mirror to): (booted off the CD) # raidctl -c c1t1d0 c1t0d0 (man says it's source destination for mirroring) Illegal Array Layout. # raidctl -C "0.1.0 0.0.0" -r 1 1 (alt syntax per man) Illegal Array Layout. # raidctl -C "0.1.0 0.0.0" 1 (assumes raid1, no help) Illegal Array Layout. Same size disks, same manufacturer but I did delete the volume instead of throwing in a blank disk and waiting for it to resync. Maybe this was a critical error. I tried selecting the type in format for my good disk to be a plain 146gb disk but it resets the partition table which I'm pretty sure would wipe the data (bad if this was production). Am I boned? Anyone have experience with breaking and resyncing a mirror? There's nothing on Google about "Illegal Array Layout" so here's my contrib to the search gods.

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  • Wireless AAA for a small, bandwidth-limited hotel.

    - by Anthony Hiscox
    We (the tech I work with and myself) live in a remote northern town where Internet access is somewhat of a luxury, and bandwidth is quite limited. Here, overage charges ranging from few hundreds, to few thousands of dollars a month, is not uncommon. I myself incur regular monthly charges just through my regular Internet usage at home (I am allowed 10G for $60CAD!) As part of my work, I have found myself involved with several hotels that are feeling this. I know that I can come up with something to solve this problem, but I am relatively new to system administration and I don't want my dreams to overcome reality. So, I pass these ideas on to you, those with much more experience than I, in hopes you will share some of your thoughts and concerns. This system must be cost effective, yes the charges are high here, but the trust in technology is the lowest I've ever seen. Must be capable of helping client reduce their usage (squid) Allow a limited (throughput and total usage) amount of free Internet, as this is often franchise policy. Allow a user to track their bandwidth usage Allow (optional) higher speed and/or usage for an additional charge. This fee can be obtained at the front desk on checkout and should not require the use of PayPal or Credit Card. Unfortunately some franchises have ridiculous policies that require the use of a third party remote service to authenticate guests to your network. This means WPA is out, and it also means that I do not auth before Internet usage, that will be their job. However, I do require the ABILITY to perform authentication for Internet access if a hotel does not have this policy. I will still have to track bandwidth (under a guest account by default) and provide the same limiting, however the guest often will require a complete 'unlimited' access, in terms of existence, not throughput. Provide firewalling capabilities for hotels that have nothing, Office, and Guest network segregation (some of these guys are running their office on the guest network, with no encryption, and a simple TOS to get on!) Prevent guests from connecting to other guests, however provide a means to allow this to happen. IE. Each guest connects to a page and allows the other guest, this writes a iptables rule (with python-netfilter) and allows two rooms to play a game, for instance. My thoughts on how to implement this. One decent box (we'll call it a router now) with a lot of ram, and 3 NIC's: Internet Office Guests (AP's + In Room Ethernet) Router Firewall Rules Guest can talk to router only, through which they are routed to where they need to go, including Internet services. Office can be used to bridge Office to Internet if an existing solution is not in place, otherwise, it simply works for a network accessible web (webmin+python-webmin?) interface. Router Software: OpenVZ provides virtualization for a few services I don't really trust. Squid, FreeRADIUS and Apache. The only service directly accessible to guests is Apache. Apache has mod_wsgi and django, because I can write quickly using django and my needs are low. It also potentially has the FreeRADIUS mod, but there seems to be some caveats with this. Firewall rules are handled on the router with iptables. Webmin (or a custom django app maybe) provides abstracted control over any features that the staff may need to access. Python, if you haven't guessed it's the language I feel most comfortable in, and I use it for almost everything. And finally, has this been done, is it a overly massive project not worth taking on for one guy, and/or is there some tools I'm missing that could be making my life easier? For the record, I am fairly good with Python, but not very familiar with many other languages (I can struggle through PHP, it's a cosmetic issue there). I am also an avid linux user, and comfortable with config files and command line. Thank you for your time, I look forward to reading your responses. Edit: My apologies if this is not a Q&A in the sense that some were expecting, I'm just looking for ideas and to make sure I'm not trying to do something that's been done. I'm looking at pfSense now as a possible start for what I need.

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  • disk-to-disk backup without costly backup redundancy?

    - by AaronLS
    A good backup strategy involves a combination of 1) disconnected backups/snapshots that will not be affected by bugs, viruses, and/or security breaches 2) geographically distributed backups to protect against local disasters 3) testing backups to ensure that they can be restored as needed Generally I take an onsite backup daily, and an offsite backup weekly, and do test restores periodically. In the rare circumstance that I need to restore files, I do some from the local backup. Should a catastrophic event destroy the servers and local backups, then the offsite weekly tape backup would be used to restore the files. I don't need multiple offsite backups with redundancy. I ALREADY HAVE REDUNDANCY THROUGH THE USE OF BOTH LOCAL AND REMOTE BACKUPS. I have recovery blocks and par files with the backups, so I already have protection against a small percentage of corrupt bits. I perform test restores to ensure the backups function properly. Should the remote backups experience a dataloss, I can replace them with one of the local backups. There are historical offsite backups as well, so if a dataloss was not noticed for a few weeks(such as a bug/security breach/virus), the data could be restored from an older backup. By doing this, the only scenario that poses a risk to complete data loss would be one where both the local, remote, and servers all experienced a data loss in the same time period. I'm willing to risk that happening since the odds of that trifecta negligibly small, and the data isn't THAT valuable to me. So I hope I have emphasized that I don't need redundancy in my offsite backups because I have covered all the bases. I know this exact technique is employed by numerous businesses. Of course there are some that take multiple offsite backups, because the data is so incredibly valuable that they don't even want to risk that trifecta disaster, but in the majority of cases the trifecta disaster is an accepted risk. I HAD TO COVER ALL THIS BECAUSE SOME PEOPLE DON'T READ!!! I think I have justified my backup strategy and the majority of businesses who use offsite tape backups do not have any additional redundancy beyond what is mentioned above(recovery blocks, par files, historical snapshots). Now I would like to eliminate the use of tapes for offsite backups, and instead use a backup service. Most however are extremely costly for $/gb/month storage. I don't mind paying for transfer bandwidth, but the cost of storage is way to high. All of them advertise that they maintain backups of the data, and I imagine they use RAID as well. Obviously if you were using them to host servers this would all be necessary, but for my scenario, I am simply replacing my offsite backups with such a service. So there is no need for RAID, and absolutely no value in another layer of backups of backups. My one and only question: "Are there online data-storage/backup services that do not use redundancy or offer backups(backups of my backups) as part of their packages, and thus are more reasonably priced?" NOT my question: "Is this a flawed strategy?" I don't care if you think this is a good strategy or not. I know it pretty standard. Very few people make an extra copy of their offsite backups. They already have local backups that they can use to replace the remote backups if something catastrophic happens at the remote site. Please limit your responses to the question posed. Sorry if I seem a little abrasive, but I had some trolls in my last post who didn't read my requirements nor my question, and were trying to go off answering a totally different question. I made it pretty clear, but didn't try to justify my strategy, because I didn't ask about whether my strategy was justifyable. So I apologize if this was lengthy, as it really didn't need to be, but since there are so many trolls here who try to sidetrack questions by responding without addressing the question at hand.

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  • xen debian: domU can't get out side

    - by iftol
    hi every body. i'm a trainee as a sysAdmin, it is my first expérience with virtualization. i have a server setup debian xen 3 with 2 physical interfaces. eth 0 for local network 10.0.0.1 and eth1 for internet (194.X.X.4). i created 3 VMs (web server, mail server and dabase server) with local ip addresses 172.10.0.x/24. the problem i had first is that domU can't ping dom0. i asked the sysAdmin of our ISP and he sais that he fogot to setup the bridginb. so he ceated a bridge with 172.10.0.1/24 after that i was able to ping the real server (194.X.X.4). but i can't go out side from my VMs, how can i fixe this issue? real or physical server ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 23:26:34:84:ce:xe inet adr:10.1.3.12 Bcast:10.1.3.255 Masque:255.255.255.0 adr inet6: fe80::226:b9ff:fe84:ceb4/64 Scope:Lien UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:412006 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:411296 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:1000 RX bytes:31410957 (29.9 MiB) TX bytes:31178370 (29.7 MiB) Interruption:36 Mémoire:d6000000-d6012100 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 23:26:34:84:ce:xe inet adr:194.x.x.4 Bcast:194.254.167.255 Masque:255.255.255.0 adr inet6: fe80::226:b9ff:fe84:ceb6/64 Scope:Lien UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:25872332 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:414578 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:0 RX bytes:2642278343 (2.4 GiB) TX bytes:35436775 (33.7 MiB) lo Link encap:Boucle locale inet adr:127.0.0.1 Masque:255.0.0.0 adr inet6: ::1/128 Scope:Hôte UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:1308073 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1308073 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:0 RX bytes:109871395 (104.7 MiB) TX bytes:109871395 (104.7 MiB) peth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 23:26:34:84:ce:xe UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:31818694 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:414818 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:1000 RX bytes:5197318822 (4.8 GiB) TX bytes:37904897 (36.1 MiB) Interruption:48 Mémoire:d8000000-d8012100 vif281.0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff adr inet6: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Lien UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:207 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:298 errors:0 dropped:2 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:32 RX bytes:24629 (24.0 KiB) TX bytes:28404 (27.7 KiB) vif281.1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff adr inet6: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Lien UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:45 errors:0 dropped:47063 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:32 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:4449 (4.3 KiB) vif282.0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff adr inet6: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Lien UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:78 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:32 RX bytes:5041 (4.9 KiB) TX bytes:714 (714.0 B) xenbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet adr:172.10.0.1 Bcast:172.10.0.255 Masque:255.255.255.0 adr inet6: fe80::5c72:c6ff:fe49:7fe/64 Scope:Lien UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:7180 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8615 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:0 RX bytes:756804 (739.0 KiB) TX bytes:791206 (772.6 KiB) brtcl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces eth1 8000.0026b984ceb6 no peth1 vif281.1 xenbr0 8000.feffffffffff no vif281.0 vif282.0 network-multi-bridge /etc/xen/scripts/network-virtual start vifnum="0" bridgeip="172.10.0.1/24" brnet="172.10.0.0/24" VM webserver eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:3E:42:33:70 inet addr:172.10.0.2 Bcast:172.10.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::216:3eff:fe42:3370/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:3 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:27 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:126 (126.0 b) TX bytes:2036 (1.9 KiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) Thank you for your help.

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  • Ubuntu: Move fsbackup backups to Amazon S3

    - by Alexander Gladysh
    I have a legacy server (Ubuntu 9.10 Karmic x86), where previous admin set up backups with fsbackup. This server lives in a VPS (under some kind of Xen), and it is low on HDD space (16 GB total). Now it came to a point, where fsbackup backups take more space than the rest of data in the system. The filesystem is 100% filled, and I already cleaned up all that I could, aside from actual backups. I do not have any experience managing fsbackup, and I do not want to break or lose the backups. Googling fsbackup gives surprisingly low quality results... Here is how my backups look like: $ sudo ls -lh /var/archives total 8.1G -rw-rw---- 1 root root 318 2011-01-06 06:26 myserver-20110106.md5 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 258 2011-01-07 06:26 myserver-20110107.md5 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 318 2011-01-08 06:26 myserver-20110108.md5 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 318 2011-01-09 06:26 myserver-20110109.md5 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 346 2011-01-10 06:43 myserver-20110110.md5 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 14M 2011-01-06 06:26 myserver-all-mysql-databases.20110106.sql.bz2 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 14M 2011-01-07 06:26 myserver-all-mysql-databases.20110107.sql.bz2 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 14M 2011-01-08 06:26 myserver-all-mysql-databases.20110108.sql.bz2 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 14M 2011-01-09 06:26 myserver-all-mysql-databases.20110109.sql.bz2 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 862 2011-01-10 06:43 myserver-all-mysql-databases.20110110.sql.bz2 -rw-rw---- 1 root root 827K 2011-01-03 06:25 myserver-etc.20110103.master.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 16K 2011-01-06 06:25 myserver-etc.20110106.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 16K 2011-01-07 06:25 myserver-etc.20110107.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 16K 2011-01-08 06:25 myserver-etc.20110108.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 16K 2011-01-09 06:25 myserver-etc.20110109.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 827K 2011-01-10 06:25 myserver-etc.20110110.master.tar.gz -rw------- 1 root root 36K 2011-01-10 06:25 myserver-etc.incremental.bin -rw-rw---- 1 root root 29M 2011-01-03 06:25 myserver-home.20110103.master.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 11K 2011-01-06 06:25 myserver-home.20110106.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 14K 2011-01-07 06:25 myserver-home.20110107.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 11K 2011-01-08 06:25 myserver-home.20110108.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 11K 2011-01-09 06:25 myserver-home.20110109.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 2.0M 2011-01-10 06:25 myserver-home.20110110.master.tar.gz -rw------- 1 root root 27K 2011-01-10 06:25 myserver-home.incremental.bin -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5G 2011-01-03 06:29 myserver-opt.20110103.master.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5M 2011-01-06 06:25 myserver-opt.20110106.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5M 2011-01-07 06:25 myserver-opt.20110107.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5M 2011-01-08 06:25 myserver-opt.20110108.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5M 2011-01-09 06:25 myserver-opt.20110109.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 1.5G 2011-01-10 06:30 myserver-opt.20110110.master.tar.gz -rw------- 1 root root 201K 2011-01-10 06:30 myserver-opt.incremental.bin -rw-rw---- 1 root root 2.3G 2011-01-03 06:41 myserver-srv.20110103.master.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 44M 2011-01-06 06:26 myserver-srv.20110106.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 27M 2011-01-07 06:25 myserver-srv.20110107.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 39M 2011-01-08 06:26 myserver-srv.20110108.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 2.0M 2011-01-09 06:25 myserver-srv.20110109.tar.gz -rw-rw---- 1 root root 2.7G 2011-01-10 06:42 myserver-srv.20110110.master.tar.gz -rw------- 1 root root 3.4M 2011-01-10 06:42 myserver-srv.incremental.bin I'm thinking about moving backups to Amazon S3, but before that I have to free some space, so the server can work. Perhaps I can mount /var/archives to an Amazon S3 bucket somehow... Any advice?

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  • Port forwarding DD-WRT

    - by Pawel
    Hi, I'am runing locally service on port 81 (192.168.1.101) I would like to access server from outside MY.WAN.IP.ADDR:81. Everything is working fine on my local network, However can't access it from outside. Below iptables rules on the router. I am using dd-wrt and asus rt-n16 (everything is setup through standard port range forwarding in dd-wrt ) It might be something obvious, but I don't have any experience with routing. Any help will be really appreciated. Thanks. #iptables -t nat -vnL Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 1285 packets, 148K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 3 252 DNAT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 MY.WAN.IP.ADDR to:192.168.1.1 5 300 DNAT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 MY.WAN.IP.ADDR tcp dpt:81 to:192.168.1.101 0 0 DNAT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 MY.WAN.IP.ADDR udp dpt:81 to:192.168.1.101 298 39375 TRIGGER 0 -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 MY.WAN.IP.ADDR TRIGGER type:dnat match:0 relate:0 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 7 packets, 433 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 747 91318 SNAT 0 -- * vlan2 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 to:MY.WAN.IP.ADDR 0 0 RETURN 0 -- * br0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 PKTTYPE = broadcast Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 86 packets, 5673 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination # iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:webcache DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:https DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:69 DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:telnet DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:telnet Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT 0 -- anywhere anywhere TCPMSS tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST/SYN TCPMSS clamp to PMTU lan2wan 0 -- anywhere anywhere ACCEPT 0 -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED logaccept tcp -- anywhere pawel-ubuntu tcp dpt:81 logaccept udp -- anywhere pawel-ubuntu udp dpt:81 TRIGGER 0 -- anywhere anywhere TRIGGER type:in match:0 relate:0 trigger_out 0 -- anywhere anywhere logaccept 0 -- anywhere anywhere state NEW Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_1 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_10 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_2 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_3 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_4 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_5 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_6 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_7 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_8 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_9 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_1 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_10 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_2 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_3 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_4 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_5 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_6 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_7 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_8 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_9 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain lan2wan (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain logaccept (3 references) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT 0 -- anywhere anywhere Chain logdrop (0 references) target prot opt source destination DROP 0 -- anywhere anywhere Chain logreject (0 references) target prot opt source destination REJECT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp reject-with tcp-reset Chain trigger_out (1 references) target prot opt source destination #iptables -vnL FORWARD Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 130 packets, 5327 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 15 900 ACCEPT 0 -- br0 br0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 390 20708 TCPMSS tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp flags:0x06/0x02 TCPMSS clamp to PMTU 182K 130M lan2wan 0 -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 179K 129M ACCEPT 0 -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 logaccept tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.101 tcp dpt:81 0 0 logaccept udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.101 udp dpt:81 0 0 TRIGGER 0 -- vlan2 br0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 TRIGGER type:in match:0 relate:0 2612 768K trigger_out 0 -- br0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 2482 762K logaccept 0 -- br0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW

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  • DHCP and DNS services configuration for VOIP system, windows domain, etc

    - by Stemen
    My company has numerous physical offices (for purposes of this discussion, 15 buildings). Some of them are well-connected to our primary data center via fiber. Others will be connected to the data center by P2P T1. We are in the beginning stages of implementing an Avaya VOIP telephone system, and we will be replacing a significant portion of our network infrastructure in the process. In tandem with the phone system implementation, we are going to be re-addressing some of our networks, and consolidating most of our Windows domains into one (not all domains, just most). We currently have quite a few Windows domains, and they of course each have their own DNS zones. A few of those networks currently use DHCP, but the majority use static IP assignments for every device. I'm tired of managing static assignments -- I want to use DHCP configuration on everything except servers. Printers and etc will have DHCP reservations. The new IP phones will need to get IP addresses from DHCP, though they need to be in a separate VLAN from the computers/printers/etc. The computers and printers need to be registered in DNS. That's currently handled by the Windows DHCP servers on each of the respective domains. We need to place a priority on DHCP and DNS being available on a per-site basis (in case something were to interrupt the WAN connection) for computers and (primarily) phones. Smaller locations (which will have IP phones but not be a member of any Windows domain) will not have any Windows DNS/DHCP server(s) available. We also are looking for the easiest way to replace a part if it were to fail. That is to say, if a server/appliance/router hosting DHCP were to crash hard, and we couldn't extremely quickly recover the DHCP reservations and leases (and subsequently restore them onto a cold spare), we anticipate that bad things could happen. What is the best idea for how to re-implement DNS and DHCP keeping all of the above in mind? Some thoughts that have been raised (by myself or my coworkers): Use Windows DNS and DHCP servers, where they exist, and use IP helpers to route DHCP requests to some other Windows server if necessary. May not be acceptable if the WAN goes down and clients don't get a DHCP response. Use Windows DNS (everywhere, over WAN in some cases) and a mix of Windows DHCP and DHCP provided by Cisco routers. Every site would be covered for DHCP, but from what I've read, Cisco routers can't handle dynamic registration of DHCP clients to Windows DNS servers, which might create a problem where Cisco routers are used for DHCP. Use Windows DNS (everywhere, over WAN in some cases) and a mix of Windows DHCP and DHCP provided by some service running on an extremely low-price linux server. Is there any such software that would allow DHCP leases granted by these linux boxes to be dynamically registered on the Windows DNS servers? Come up with a Linux solution for both DNS and DHCP, and deploy low-price linux servers to every site. Requirements would be that the DNS zone be multi-master (like Windows DNS integrated with Active Directory), that DHCP be able to make dynamic DNS registrations in that zone, for every lease (where a hostname is provided and is thus possible), and that multiple servers be either authoritative for the same DHCP scope or at least receiving a real-time copy / replication / sync of the leases table so that if one server dies, we still know which MAC has what address. Purchase dedicated DNS/DHCP appliances, deploying to all sites. From what I read/see, this solves all of our technical problems. Then come the financial problems... I don't have a ton of money to spend on this. Or, some other solution that we've thus far overlooked and will consider upon recommendation. Can Cisco routers or Windows servers sync DHCP lease tables so that multiple servers can be authoritative (or active/passive for all I care) for the same scope, in case one of the partners were to fail? I've read online (repeatedly) that ISC's DHCP is able to maintain the same lease table across multiple servers, in order to solve this problem. Does anyone have any experience or advice to regarding that?

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