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• Managing software projects - advice needed

  - by Callum

  I work for a large government department as part of an IT team that manages and develops websites as well as stand alone web applications. We’re running in to problems somewhere in the SDLC that don’t rear their ugly head until time and budget are starting to run out. We try to be “Agile” (software specifications are not as thorough as possible, clients have direct access to the developers any time they want) and we are also in a reasonably peculiar position in that we are not allowed to make profit from the services we provide. We only service the divisions within our government department, and can only charge for the time and effort we actually put in to a project. So if we deliver a project that we have over-quoted on, we will only invoice for the actual time spent. Our software specifications are not as thorough as they could be, but they always include at a minimum: Wireframe mockups for every form view A data dictionary of all field inputs Descriptions of any business rules that affect the system Descriptions of the outputs I’m new to software management, but I’ve overseen enough software projects now to know that as soon as users start observing demos of the system, they start making a huge amount of requests like “Can we add a few more fields to this report.. can we redesign the look of this interface.. can we send an email at this part of the workflow.. can we take this button off this view.. can we make this function redirect to a different screen.. can we change some text on this screen… can we create a special account where someone can log in and get access to X… this report takes too long to run can it be optimised.. can we remove this step in the workflow… there’s got to be a better image we can put here…” etc etc etc. Some changes are tiny and can be implemented reasonably quickly.. but there could be up to 50-100 or so of such requests during the course of the SDLC. Other change requests are what clients claim they “just assumed would be part of the system” even if not explicitly spelled out in the spec. We are having a lot of difficulty managing this process. With no experienced software project managers in our team, we need to come up with a better way to both internally identify whether work being requested is “out of spec”, and be able to communicate this to a client in such a manner that they can understand why what they are asking for is “extra” work. We need a way to track this work and be transparent with it. In the spirit of Agile development where we are not spec'ing software systems in to the ground and back again before development begins, and bearing in mind that clients have access to any developer any time they want it, I am looking for some tips and pointers from experienced software project managers on how to handle this sort of "scope creep" problem, in tracking it, being transparent with it, and communicating it to clients such that they understand it. Happy to clarify anything as needed. I really appreciate anyone who takes the time to offer some advice. Thanks.

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• WPF and UserInteractivity part III: Moving an resizing shapes

  In this article, we will still dealing with shapes but from a different angle.

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• SQL Server 2000 and SSL Encryption

  - by Angry_IT_Guru

  We are a datacenter that hsots a SQL Server 2000 environment which provides database services for a product we sell that is loaded as a rich-client applicatin at each of our many clients and their workstations. Currently today, the application uses straight ODBC connections from the client site to our datacenter. We need to begin encrypting the credentials -- since everything is clear-text today and the authentication is weakly encrypted -- and I'm trying to determine the best way to implement SSL on the server with minimizing the impact of the client. A few things, however: 1) We have our own Windows domain and all our servers are joined to our private domain. Our clietns no nothing of our domain. 2) Typically, our clients connect to our datacenter servers either by: a) Using TCP/IP address b) Using a DNS name that we publish via internet, zone transfers from our DNS servers to our customers, or the client can add static HOSTS entries. 3) From what I understand from enabling encryption is that I can go to the Network Utility and select the "encryption" option for the protocol that I wish to encrypt. Such as TCP/IP. 4) When the encryption option is selected, I have a choice of installing a third-party certificate or a self-signed. I have tested the self-signed, but do have potential issues. I'll explain in a bit. If I go with a third-party cert, such as Verisign, or Network solutions... what kind of certificate do I request? These aren't IIS certificates? When I go create a self-signed via Microsoft's certificate server, I have to select "Authentication certificate". What does this translate to in the third-party world? 5) If I create a self-signed certificate, I understand that the "issue to" name has to match the FQDN for the server that is running SQL. In my case, I have to use my private domain name. If I use this, what does this do for my clients when trying to connect to my SQL Server? Surely they cannot resolve my private DNS names on their network.... I've also verified that when the self-signed certificate is installed, it has to be in the local personal store for the user account that is running SQL Server. SQL Server will only start if the FQDN matches the "issue to" of the certificate and SQL is running under the account that has the certificate installed. If I use a self-signed certificate, does this mean I have to have every one of my clients install it to verify? 6) If I used a third-party certificate, which sounds like the best option, do all my clients have to have internet access when accessing my private servers of their private WAN connection to use to verify the certificate? What do I do about the FQDN? It sounds like they have to use my private domain name -- which is not published -- and can no longer use the one that I setup for them to use? 7) I plan on upgrading to SQL 2000 soon. Is setup of SSL any easier/better with SQL 2005 than SQL 2000? Any help or guiadance would be appreciated

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• amplified reflected attack on dns

  - by Mike Janson

  The term is new to me. So I have a few questions about it. I've heard it mostly happens with DNS servers? How do you protect against it? How do you know if your servers can be used as a victim? This is a configuration issue right? my named conf file include "/etc/rndc.key"; controls { inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { "rndc-key"; }; }; options { /* make named use port 53 for the source of all queries, to allow * firewalls to block all ports except 53: */ // query-source port 53; /* We no longer enable this by default as the dns posion exploit has forced many providers to open up their firewalls a bit */ // Put files that named is allowed to write in the data/ directory: directory "/var/named"; // the default pid-file "/var/run/named/named.pid"; dump-file "data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "data/named_stats.txt"; /* memstatistics-file "data/named_mem_stats.txt"; */ allow-transfer {"none";}; }; logging { /* If you want to enable debugging, eg. using the 'rndc trace' command, * named will try to write the 'named.run' file in the $directory (/var/named"). * By default, SELinux policy does not allow named to modify the /var/named" directory, * so put the default debug log file in data/ : */ channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; view "localhost_resolver" { /* This view sets up named to be a localhost resolver ( caching only nameserver ). * If all you want is a caching-only nameserver, then you need only define this view: */ match-clients { 127.0.0.0/24; }; match-destinations { localhost; }; recursion yes; zone "." IN { type hint; file "/var/named/named.ca"; }; /* these are zones that contain definitions for all the localhost * names and addresses, as recommended in RFC1912 - these names should * ONLY be served to localhost clients: */ include "/var/named/named.rfc1912.zones"; }; view "internal" { /* This view will contain zones you want to serve only to "internal" clients that connect via your directly attached LAN interfaces - "localnets" . */ match-clients { localnets; }; match-destinations { localnets; }; recursion yes; zone "." IN { type hint; file "/var/named/named.ca"; }; // include "/var/named/named.rfc1912.zones"; // you should not serve your rfc1912 names to non-localhost clients. // These are your "authoritative" internal zones, and would probably // also be included in the "localhost_resolver" view above :

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• Game Asset Storage: Archive vs Individual files

  - by David Colson

  As I am in the process of creating a 3D c++ game and I was wondering what would be more beneficial when dealing with game assets with regards to storage. I have seen some games have a single asset file compressed with everything in it and other with lots of little compressed files. If I had lots of individual files I would not need to load a large file at once and use up memory but the code would have to go about file seeking when the level loads to find all the correct files needed. There is no file seeking needed when dealing with one large file, but again, what about all the assets not currently needed that would get loaded with the one file? I could also have an asset file for each level, but then how do I deal with shared assets This has been bothering me for a while so tell me what other advantages and disadvantages are there to either way of doing things.

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• How to make a table structure for products to be available for both wholesale and retail?

  - by kmy

  Ignoring the different column details like colors, shapes, and sizes, I already have an idea of dealing with that, I'm more interested in dealing with retail pricing, whole pricing (with or without a table), and possibly discount. If anything, I want to know what I should also take account for. Will it just be adding a quantity column, two pricing cols, and two discount columns, and a quantity limit? If I were to add a pricing table it would be inserted as a json file, would this be a bad idea? Please give any insight about this.

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• Can turning off drm_kms_helper polling affect screen brightness control?

  - by dodecaphonic

  I have a Samsung R430 notebook that has been running Ubuntu for close to a year, now. Since I've upgrated to Maverick, I've been dealing with little, but increasingly annoying issues, that put my faith to question. The first one, a CPU-intensive set of drm_kms_helper, made me compile my own kernel and set polling to off just so I could move my mouse without frequent stuttering. That led me to dealing with a screen that gets dimmer and dimmer after each sleep/wake-up cycle, which eventually leads me to reboot. Since I have seen some KMS and brightness related bugs around, I was wondering if it is a definite cause for my problem. If so, has there been any advance on the excessive polling issue for those of us plagued by it?

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• Custom Functions for Datatable

  Here is some custom function that can be useful while dealing with datatables.

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• Low impact images

  This article describes one way of dealing with the thorny issue of image lifetime in applications.

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• XML deserialization doubling up on entities

  - by Nathan Loding

  I have an XML file that I am attempting to deserialize into it's respective objects. It works great on most of these objects, except for one item that is being doubled up on. Here's the relevant portion of the XML: <Clients> <Client Name="My Company" SiteID="1" GUID="xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx"> <Reports> <Report Name="First Report" Path="/Custom/FirstReport"> <Generate>true</Generate> </Report> </Reports> </Client> </Clients> "Clients" is a List<Client> object. Each Client object has a List<Report> object within it. The issue is that when this XML is deserialized, the List<Report> object has a count of 2 -- the "First Report" Report object is in there twice. Why? Here's the C#: public class Client { [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlArray("Reports"), System.Xml.Serialization.XmlArrayItem(typeof(Report))] public List<Report> Reports; } public class Report { [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttribute("Name")] public string Name; public bool Generate; [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttribute("Path")] public string Path; } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { List<Client> _clients = new List<Client>(); string xmlFile = "myxmlfile.xml"; System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Client>), new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("Clients")); using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(xmlFile, FileMode.Open)) { _clients = xmlSerializer.Deserialize(stream) as List<Client>; } foreach(Client _client in _clients) { Console.WriteLine("Count: " + _client.Reports.Count); // This write "2" foreach(Report _report in _client.Reports) { Console.WriteLine("Name: " + _report.Name); // Writes "First Report" twice } } } }

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• BN_hex2bn magicaly segfaults in openSSL

  - by xunil154

  Greetings, this is my first post on stackoverflow, and i'm sorry if its a bit long. I'm trying to build a handshake protocol for my own project and am having issues with the server converting the clients RSA's public key to a Bignum. It works in my clent code, but the server segfaults when attempting to convert the hex value of the clients public RSA to a bignum. I have already checked that there is no garbidge before or after the RSA data, and have looked online, but i'm stuck. header segment: typedef struct KEYS { RSA *serv; char* serv_pub; int pub_size; RSA *clnt; } KEYS; KEYS keys; Initializing function: // Generates and validates the servers key /* code for generating server RSA left out, it's working */ //Set client exponent keys.clnt = 0; keys.clnt = RSA_new(); BN_dec2bn(&keys.clnt->e, RSA_E_S); // RSA_E_S contains the public exponent Problem code (in Network::server_handshake): // *Recieved an encrypted message from the network and decrypt into 'buffer' (1024 byte long)* cout << "Assigning clients RSA" << endl; // I have verified that 'buffer' contains the proper key if (BN_hex2bn(&keys.clnt->n, buffer) < 0) { Error("ERROR reading server RSA"); } cout << "clients RSA has been assigned" << endl; The program segfaults at BN_hex2bn(&keys.clnt->n, buffer) with the error (valgrind output) Invalid read of size 8 at 0x50DBF9F: BN_hex2bn (in /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8) by 0x40F23E: Network::server_handshake() (Network.cpp:177) by 0x40EF42: Network::startNet() (Network.cpp:126) by 0x403C38: main (server.cpp:51) Address 0x20 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd Process terminating with default action of signal 11 (SIGSEGV) Access not within mapped region at address 0x20 at 0x50DBF9F: BN_hex2bn (in /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8) And I don't know why it is, Im using the exact same code in the client program, and it works just fine. Any input is greatly appriciated!

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• Which key:value store to use with Python?

  - by Kurt

  So I'm looking at various key:value (where value is either strictly a single value or possibly an object) stores for use with Python, and have found a few promising ones. I have no specific requirement as of yet because I am in the evaluation phase. I'm looking for what's good, what's bad, what are the corner cases these things handle well or don't, etc. I'm sure some of you have already tried them out so I'd love to hear your findings/problems/etc. on the various key:value stores with Python. I'm looking primarily at: memcached - http://www.danga.com/memcached/ python clients: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/python-memcached/1.40 http://www.tummy.com/Community/software/python-memcached/ CouchDB - http://couchdb.apache.org/ python clients: http://code.google.com/p/couchdb-python/ Tokyo Tyrant - http://1978th.net/tokyotyrant/ python clients: http://code.google.com/p/pytyrant/ Lightcloud - http://opensource.plurk.com/LightCloud/ Based on Tokyo Tyrant, written in Python Redis - http://code.google.com/p/redis/ python clients: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/txredis/0.1.1 MemcacheDB - http://memcachedb.org/ So I started benchmarking (simply inserting keys and reading them) using a simple count to generate numeric keys and a value of "A short string of text": memcached: CentOS 5.3/python-2.4.3-24.el5_3.6, libevent 1.4.12-stable, memcached 1.4.2 with default settings, 1 gig memory, 14,000 inserts per second, 16,000 seconds to read. No real optimization, nice. memcachedb claims on the order of 17,000 to 23,000 inserts per second, 44,000 to 64,000 reads per second. I'm also wondering how the others stack up speed wise.

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• How can I log and retrieve error messages from a client-side desktop app?

  - by KeyboardMonkey

  Update: The service-based answers below are most likely the way to go, I am also curious to see if there are any out-the-box solutions anyone has tried in the field. Our system uses a client-server architecture, and with more clients using it I'm thinking of better ways to log client application errors, and get them sent to us. Currently we just show a simple error message, with a button that preps an email (with the default system email client) and the clients send this on to our support address. This contains extra info like the stack trace. We also tried saving errors to a network share in the company, but I'm not too keen on that archaic solution either. Now there are only two businesses that refer to clients as users, and I'm sure some of ours support both lifestyles, as they just ignore the email button, and sends a full screen-shot wrapped nicely in a word document. Some factors I'm thinking of include A solution to log errors, like the contrived one above, A robust solution; Logging to a SQL database won't work; if that fails too, then what? Is at least semi-automated, preferably to the point where the logs reach my side. It copes with load, our client base is growing and the current solution, and our inboxes, won't hold up. Minimise installing extra 3rd party components on clients, I want to keep the SPOF to a min. I'd love to hear about any experience or suggestions you have on how I can implement such a solution. System Details It's a Microsoft .Net 2 based system with a SQL backend. Some users work remotely over the net, so network shares aren't always available (unless they VPN, which is awesomely slow at any rate). We have users across different companies, their DB's are hosted on-site. We have remote access to 90% of them.

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• Unit Testing a Java Chat Application

  - by Epitaph

  I have developed a basic Chat application in Java. It consists of a server and multiple client. The server continually monitors for incoming messages and broadcasts them to all the clients. The client is made up of a Swing GUI with a text area (for messages sent by the server and other clients), a text field (to send Text messages) and a button (SEND). The client also continually monitors for incoming messages from other clients (via the Server). This is achieved with Threads and Event Listeners and the application works as expected. But, how do I go about unit testing my chat application? As the methods involve establishing a connection with the server and sending/receiving messages from the server, I am not sure if these methods should be unit tested. As per my understanding, Unit Testing shouldn't be done for tasks like connecting to a database or network. The few test cases that I could come up with are: 1) The max limit of the text field 2) Client can connect to the Server 3) Server can connect to the Client 4) Client can send message 5) Client can receive message 6) Server can send message 7) Server can receive message 8) Server can accept connections from multiple clients But, since most of the above methods involve some kind of network communication, I cannot perform unit testing. How should I go about unit testing my chat application?

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• BN_hex2bn magically segfaults in openSSL

  - by xunil154

  Greetings, this is my first post on stackoverflow, and i'm sorry if its a bit long. I'm trying to build a handshake protocol for my own project and am having issues with the server converting the clients RSA's public key to a Bignum. It works in my clent code, but the server segfaults when attempting to convert the hex value of the clients public RSA to a bignum. I have already checked that there is no garbidge before or after the RSA data, and have looked online, but i'm stuck. header segment: typedef struct KEYS { RSA *serv; char* serv_pub; int pub_size; RSA *clnt; } KEYS; KEYS keys; Initializing function: // Generates and validates the servers key /* code for generating server RSA left out, it's working */ //Set client exponent keys.clnt = 0; keys.clnt = RSA_new(); BN_dec2bn(&keys.clnt->e, RSA_E_S); // RSA_E_S contains the public exponent Problem code (in Network::server_handshake): // *Recieved an encrypted message from the network and decrypt into 'buffer' (1024 byte long)* cout << "Assigning clients RSA" << endl; // I have verified that 'buffer' contains the proper key if (BN_hex2bn(&keys.clnt->n, buffer) < 0) { Error("ERROR reading server RSA"); } cout << "clients RSA has been assigned" << endl; The program segfaults at BN_hex2bn(&keys.clnt->n, buffer) with the error (valgrind output) Invalid read of size 8 at 0x50DBF9F: BN_hex2bn (in /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8) by 0x40F23E: Network::server_handshake() (Network.cpp:177) by 0x40EF42: Network::startNet() (Network.cpp:126) by 0x403C38: main (server.cpp:51) Address 0x20 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd Process terminating with default action of signal 11 (SIGSEGV) Access not within mapped region at address 0x20 at 0x50DBF9F: BN_hex2bn (in /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8) And I don't know why it is, Im using the exact same code in the client program, and it works just fine. Any input is greatly appriciated!

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• JQuery UI drag and drop doesn't notice DOM changes happening during the dragging ?

  - by user315677

  Hi everybody, I have a html table in which each line (<tr>) represents a group of client computers. Each line can be expanded to show the clients belonging to the group. The <tr> containing the clients are always generated but hidden and showed when clicking the plus button at the beginning of each line. The clients themselves (they are <div>) can be dragged and dropped in another group as long as this group is already expanded. So far it works fine. What I am trying to achieve now is that the client can be dragged to a collapsed group and after a second or so hovering the group it will be expanded and the client can be dropped amongst the other clients of the group. I programmed the hover using the in and outevents of the droppable and it expands the group all right, but (and now it starts to be hard to explain with words ;) the behavior of the droppable (the client) is still as if the table line that appeared were not there : the in out and drop events of the droppable are fired on the old position of the elements, and the in out and drop events of the newly appeared <tr> are never fired. It looks as if JQuery memorizes the position, size etc. of the elements when the drag starts, and these values are not updated if there is a change in the DOM before the drop happens... Can someone confirm this behavior is normal, or can it be caused by another problem in my own code ? Any workaround ? (the question is quite bloated already so I don't include any code but I'll gladly upload it if required)

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• Do I need to implement an XMPP server?

  - by WTFITS

  (newbie alert) I need to program a multiparty communication service for a course project, and I am considering XMPP for it. The service needs following messaging semantics: 1) server will provide a method of registering and unregistering an address such as [email protected]/SomeResource. (for now I will do it manually). 2) server will provide a method of forwarding incoming messages from, say, [email protected]/SomeResource to [email protected]/someOtherResource, assuming that the latter is registered, and a method for removing this forwarding. (for now I will do it manually). 3) anonymous clients can send messages to, say, [email protected]/someresource (one way traffic only). If there is any forwarding setup, the message will be forwarded. Finally if the address is [email protected]/someresource is registered, the message will be stored for later delivery (or immediate if a retrieving client is online - see below). If no forwarding and unregistered, message will be silently dropped. 4) clients can connect and retrieve messages from a registered address. Exact method of authenticating clients (e.g., passwords?) is yet to be determined. Eventually, I want to add support for clients to connect from a web browser so they can register/unregister and set/remove forwarding themselves. Thus, the server will have to do some non-standard switching. Will I need to implement an XMPP server for this? I guess some (or all?) of this can also be done using a XMPP client bot

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• Are bad data issues that common?

  - by Water Cooler v2

  I've worked for clients that had a large number of distinct, small to mid-sized projects, each interacting with each other via properly defined interfaces to share data, but not reading and writing to the same database. Each had their own separate database, their own cache, their own file servers/system that they had dedicated access to, and so they never caused any problems. One of these clients is a mobile content vendor, so they're lucky in a way that they do not have to face the same problems that everyday business applications do. They can create all those separate compartments where their components happily live in isolation of the others. However, for many business applications, this is not possible. I've worked with a few clients, one of whose applications I am doing the production support for, where there are "bad data issues" on an hourly basis. Yeah, it's that crazy. Some data records from one of the instances (lower than production, of course) would have been run a couple of weeks ago, and caused some other user's data to get corrupted. And then, a data script will have to be written to fix this issue. And I've seen this happening so much with this client that I have to ask. I've seen this happening at a moderate rate with other clients, but this one just seems to be out of order. If you're working with business applications that share a large amount of data by reading and writing to/from the same database, are "bad data issues" that common in your environment?

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• Sequential access to asynchronous sockets

  - by Lars A. Brekken

  I have a server that has several clients C1...Cn to each of which there is a TCP connection established. There are less than 10,000 clients. The message protocol is request/response based, where the server sends a request to a client and then the client sends a response. The server has several threads, T1...Tm, and each of these may send requests to any of the clients. I want to make sure that only one of these threads can send a request to a specific client at any one time, while the other threads wanting to send a request to the same client will have to wait. I do not want to block threads from sending requests to different clients at the same time. E.g. If T1 is sending a request to C3, another thread T2 should not be able to send anything to C3 until T1 has received its response. I was thinking of using a simple lock statement on the socket: lock (c3Socket) { // Send request to C3 // Get response from C3 } I am using asynchronous sockets, so I may have to use Monitor instead: Monitor.Enter(c3Socket); // Before calling .BeginReceive() And Monitor.Exit(c3Socket); // In .EndReceive I am worried about stuff going wrong and not letting go of the monitor and therefore blocking all access to a client. I'm thinking that my heartbeat thread could use Monitor.TryEnter() with a timeout and throw out sockets that it cannot get the monitor for. Would it make sense for me to make the Begin and End calls synchronous in order to be able to use the lock() statement? I know that I would be sacrificing concurrency for simplicity in this case, but it may be worth it. Am I overlooking anything here? Any input appreciated.

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• Appending an existing XML file with c#

  - by Farstucker

  I have an existing XML file that I would like to append without changing the format. Existing File looks like this: <Clients> <User username="farstucker"> <UserID>1</UserID> <DOB /> <FirstName>Steve</FirstName> <LastName>Lawrence</LastName> <Location>NYC</Location> </User> </Clients> How can I add another user using this format? My existing code is: string fileLocation = "clients.xml"; XmlTextWriter writer; if (!File.Exists(fileLocation)) { writer = new XmlTextWriter(fileLocation, null); writer.WriteStartDocument(); // Write the Root Element writer.WriteStartElement("Clients"); // End Element and Close writer.WriteEndElement(); writer.Close(); } // Append new data here Ive thought about using XmlDocument Fragment to append the data but Im not certain if I can maintain the existing format ( and empty tags ) without messing up the file. Any advice you could give is much appreciated. EDIT Ive changed the code to read the original XML but the file keeps getting overwritten.

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• Beginner Question on traversing a EF4 model

  - by user564577

  I have a basic EF4 model with two entities. I'm using Self Tracking Entities Client has ClientAddresses relationship on clientkey = clientkey. (1 to many) How do i get a list/collection of client entities (STE) and their addresses (STE) but only ones where they live in a particular state or some such filter on the address??? This seems to filter and bring back clients but doesnt bring back addresses. var j = from client in context.Clients where client.ClientAddresses.All(c => c.ZIP == "80923") select client; I cant get this to create the Addresses because ClientAddresses is IEnumerable and it needs a TrackableCollection var query = from t1 in context.Clients join t2 in context.ClientAddresses on t1.ClientKey equals t2.ClientKey where t2.ZIP == "80923" select new Client { FirstName = t1.FirstName, LastName = t1.LastName, IsEnabled = t1.IsEnabled, ClientKey = t1.ClientKey, ChangeUser = t1.ChangeUser, ChangeDate = t1.ChangeDate, ClientAddresses = from a in t1.ClientAddresses select new ClientAddress { AddressKey = a.AddressKey, AddressLine1 = a.AddressLine1, AddressLine2 = a.AddressLine2, AddressTypeCode = a.AddressTypeCode, City = a.City, ClientKey = a.ClientKey, State = a.State, ZIP = a.ZIP } }; Any pointers would be appreciated. Thanks Edit: This seems to work.... var j = from client in context.Clients.Include("ClientAddresses") where client.ClientAddresses.Any(c => c.ZIP == "80923") select client;

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• Redirect requests only if the file is not found?

  - by ZenBlender

  I'm hoping there is a way to do this with mod_rewrite and Apache, but maybe there is another way to consider too. On my site, I have directories set up for re-skinned versions of the site for clients. If the web root is /home/blah/www, a client directory would be /home/blah/www/clients/abc. When you access the client directory via a web browser, I want it to use any requested files in the client directory if they exist. Otherwise, I want it to use the file in the web root. For example, let's say the client does not need their own index.html. Therefore, some code would determine that there is no index.html in /home/blah/www/clients/abc and will instead use the one in /home/blah/www. Keep in mind that I don't want to redirect the client to the web root at any time, I just want to use the web root's file with that name if the client directory has not specified its own copy. The web browser should still point to /clients/abc whether the file exists there or in the root. Likewise, if there is a request for news.html in the client directory and it DOES exist there, then just serve that file instead of the web root's news.html. The user's experience should be seamless. I need this to work for requests on any filename. If I need to, for example, add a new line to .htaccess for every file I might want to redirect, it rather defeats the purpose as there is too much maintenance needed, and a good chance for errors given the large number of files. In your examples, please indicate whether your code goes in the .htaccess file in the client directory, or the web root. Web root is preferred. Thanks for any suggestions! :)

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• How add logic to Views? Ruby on Rails

  - by Gotjosh

  Right now I'm building a project management app in rails, here is some background info: Right now i have 2 models, one is User and the other one is Client. Clients and Users have a one-to-one relationship (client - has_one and user - belongs_to which means that the foreign key it's in the users table) So what I'm trying to do it's once you add a client you can actually add credentials (add an user) to that client, in order to do so all the clients are being displayed with a link next to that client's name meaning that you can actually create credentials for that client. What i can't figure it out how to do is, that if you actually have credentials in the database (meaning that there's a record in the users table with your client id) then don't display that link. Here's what i thought that would work <% for client in @client%> <h5> <h4><%= client.id %></h4> <a href="/clients/<%= client.id %>"><%= client.name %></a> <% for user in @user %> <% if user.client_id = client.id %> <a href="/clients/<%= client.id %>/user/new">Credentials</a> <%end%> <% end %> </h5> <% end %> And here's the controller: def index @client = Client.find_all_by_admin(0) @user = User.find(:all) end but instead it just puts the link the amount of times per records in the user table. Any help?

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• How to explain to client that you can't give them some of the source

  - by Bo

  We have a number of AS/Flex components that we've built over time and improved upon. They've been turned into components so they can be reused in different projects and save us time. So you can think of them as part of an in-house framework of sorts. We're now realizing that it doesn't make sense to release the source code for these components to the various clients as part of the project, because technically this code isn't really owned by the clients. So my question When a client comes to you, how do you explain to them that you can't give them the full source code for those components. The client doesn't understand the difference, he just expects you to give them all the code for the site that he paid you to do. He doesn't understand that this code has taken you a lot longer to write than what he's paying for his site. But since he doesn't understand, he would get turned off and thinks you're ripping him off or something. How do you handle this situation? What do you tell clients upfront? Do you advertise it on your site from the very beginning? How do you handle their objections so they still hire you? As a side question, how often do you give AS and Flex source code to your clients? In the case when the code doesn't have any in-house components that you reuse in several projects, and in the case when it does have in-house components.

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• Sending Messages to SignalR Hubs from the Outside

  - by Ricardo Peres

  Introduction You are by now probably familiarized with SignalR, Microsoft’s API for real-time web functionality. This is, in my opinion, one of the greatest products Microsoft has released in recent time. Usually, people login to a site and enter some page which is connected to a SignalR hub. Then they can send and receive messages – not just text messages, mind you – to other users in the same hub. Also, the server can also take the initiative to send messages to all or a specified subset of users on its own, this is known as server push. The normal flow is pretty straightforward, Microsoft has done a great job with the API, it’s clean and quite simple to use. And for the latter – the server taking the initiative – it’s also quite simple, just involves a little more work. The Problem The API for sending messages can be achieved from inside a hub – an instance of the Hub class – which is something that we don’t have if we are the server and we want to send a message to some user or group of users: the Hub instance is only instantiated in response to a client message. The Solution It is possible to acquire a hub’s context from outside of an actual Hub instance, by calling GlobalHost.ConnectionManager.GetHubContext<T>(). This API allows us to: Broadcast messages to all connected clients (possibly excluding some); Send messages to a specific client; Send messages to a group of clients. So, we have groups and clients, each is identified by a string. Client strings are called connection ids and group names are free-form, given by us. The problem with client strings is, we do not know how these map to actual users. One way to achieve this mapping is by overriding the Hub’s OnConnected and OnDisconnected methods and managing the association there. Here’s an example: 1: public class MyHub : Hub 2: { 3: private static readonly IDictionary<String, ISet<String>> users = new ConcurrentDictionary<String, ISet<String>>(); 4:  5: public static IEnumerable<String> GetUserConnections(String username) 6: { 7: ISet<String> connections; 8:  9: users.TryGetValue(username, out connections); 10:  11: return (connections ?? Enumerable.Empty<String>()); 12: } 13:  14: private static void AddUser(String username, String connectionId) 15: { 16: ISet<String> connections; 17:  18: if (users.TryGetValue(username, out connections) == false) 19: { 20: connections = users[username] = new HashSet<String>(); 21: } 22:  23: connections.Add(connectionId); 24: } 25:  26: private static void RemoveUser(String username, String connectionId) 27: { 28: users[username].Remove(connectionId); 29: } 30:  31: public override Task OnConnected() 32: { 33: AddUser(this.Context.Request.User.Identity.Name, this.Context.ConnectionId); 34: return (base.OnConnected()); 35: } 36:  37: public override Task OnDisconnected() 38: { 39: RemoveUser(this.Context.Request.User.Identity.Name, this.Context.ConnectionId); 40: return (base.OnDisconnected()); 41: } 42: } As you can see, I am using a static field to store the mapping between a user and its possibly many connections – for example, multiple open browser tabs or even multiple browsers accessing the same page with the same login credentials. The user identity, as is normal in .NET, is obtained from the IPrincipal which in SignalR hubs case is stored in Context.Request.User. Of course, this property will only have a meaningful value if we enforce authentication. Another way to go is by creating a group for each user that connects: 1: public class MyHub : Hub 2: { 3: public override Task OnConnected() 4: { 5: this.Groups.Add(this.Context.ConnectionId, this.Context.Request.User.Identity.Name); 6: return (base.OnConnected()); 7: } 8:  9: public override Task OnDisconnected() 10: { 11: this.Groups.Remove(this.Context.ConnectionId, this.Context.Request.User.Identity.Name); 12: return (base.OnDisconnected()); 13: } 14: } In this case, we will have a one-to-one equivalence between users and groups. All connections belonging to the same user will fall in the same group. So, if we want to send messages to a user from outside an instance of the Hub class, we can do something like this, for the first option – user mappings stored in a static field: 1: public void SendUserMessage(String username, String message) 2: { 3: var context = GlobalHost.ConnectionManager.GetHubContext<MyHub>(); 4: 5: foreach (String connectionId in HelloHub.GetUserConnections(username)) 6: { 7: context.Clients.Client(connectionId).sendUserMessage(message); 8: } 9: } And for using groups, its even simpler: 1: public void SendUserMessage(String username, String message) 2: { 3: var context = GlobalHost.ConnectionManager.GetHubContext<MyHub>(); 4:  5: context.Clients.Group(username).sendUserMessage(message); 6: } Using groups has the advantage that the IHubContext interface returned from GetHubContext has direct support for groups, no need to send messages to individual connections. Of course, you can wrap both mapping options in a common API, perhaps exposed through IoC. One example of its interface might be: 1: public interface IUserToConnectionMappingService 2: { 3: //associate and dissociate connections to users 4:  5: void AddUserConnection(String username, String connectionId); 6:  7: void RemoveUserConnection(String username, String connectionId); 8: } SignalR has built-in dependency resolution, by means of the static GlobalHost.DependencyResolver property: 1: //for using groups (in the Global class) 2: GlobalHost.DependencyResolver.Register(typeof(IUserToConnectionMappingService), () => new GroupsMappingService()); 3:  4: //for using a static field (in the Global class) 5: GlobalHost.DependencyResolver.Register(typeof(IUserToConnectionMappingService), () => new StaticMappingService()); 6:  7: //retrieving the current service (in the Hub class) 8: var mapping = GlobalHost.DependencyResolver.Resolve<IUserToConnectionMappingService>(); Now all you have to do is implement GroupsMappingService and StaticMappingService with the code I shown here and change SendUserMessage method to rely in the dependency resolver for the actual implementation. Stay tuned for more SignalR posts!

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