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  • SELECT..CASE - Refactor T-SQL

    - by Nev_Rahd
    Hello Can I refactor the below SQL CASE statements into single for each case ? SELECT CASE RDV.DOMAIN_CODE WHEN 'L' THEN CN.FAMILY_NAME ELSE NULL END AS [LEGAL_FAMILY_NAME], CASE RDV.DOMAIN_CODE WHEN 'L' THEN CN.GIVEN_NAME ELSE NULL END AS [LEGAL_GIVEN_NAME], CASE RDV.DOMAIN_CODE WHEN 'L' THEN CN.MIDDLE_NAMES ELSE NULL END AS [LEGAL_MIDDLE_NAMES], CASE RDV.DOMAIN_CODE WHEN 'L' THEN CN.NAME_TITLE ELSE NULL END AS [LEGAL_NAME_TITLE], CASE RDV.DOMAIN_CODE WHEN 'P' THEN CN.FAMILY_NAME ELSE NULL END AS [PREFERRED_FAMILY_NAME], CASE RDV.DOMAIN_CODE WHEN 'P' THEN CN.GIVEN_NAME ELSE NULL END AS [PREFERRED_GIVEN_NAME], CASE RDV.DOMAIN_CODE WHEN 'P' THEN CN.MIDDLE_NAMES ELSE NULL END AS [PREFERRED_MIDDLE_NAMES], CASE RDV.DOMAIN_CODE WHEN 'P' THEN CN.NAME_TITLE ELSE NULL END AS [PREFERRED_NAME_TITLE] FROM dbo.CLIENT_NAME CN JOIN dbo.REFERENCE_DOMAIN_VALUE RDV ON CN.NAME_TYPE_CODE = RDV.DOMAIN_CODE AND RDV.REFERENCE_DOMAIN_ID = '7966'

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  • CLR: Multi Param Aggregate, Argument not in Final Output?

    - by OMG Ponies
    Why is my delimiter not appearing in the final output? It's initialized to be a comma, but I only get ~5 white spaces between each attribute using: SELECT [article_id] , dbo.GROUP_CONCAT(0, t.tag_name, ',') AS col FROM [AdventureWorks].[dbo].[ARTICLE_TAG_XREF] atx JOIN [AdventureWorks].[dbo].[TAGS] t ON t.tag_id = atx.tag_id GROUP BY article_id The bit for DISTINCT works fine, but it operates within the Accumulate scope... Output: article_id | col ------------------------------------------------- 1 | a a b c I only have rudimentary C# API knowledge... C# Code: using System; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Data.SqlTypes; using Microsoft.SqlServer.Server; using System.Xml.Serialization; using System.Xml; using System.IO; using System.Collections; using System.Text; [Serializable] [SqlUserDefinedAggregate(Format.UserDefined, MaxByteSize = 8000)] public struct GROUP_CONCAT : IBinarySerialize { ArrayList list; string delimiter; public void Init() { list = new ArrayList(); delimiter = ","; } public void Accumulate(SqlBoolean isDistinct, SqlString Value, SqlString separator) { delimiter = (separator.IsNull) ? "," : separator.Value ; if (!Value.IsNull) { if (isDistinct) { if (!list.Contains(Value.Value)) { list.Add(Value.Value); } } else { list.Add(Value.Value); } } } public void Merge(GROUP_CONCAT Group) { list.AddRange(Group.list); } public SqlString Terminate() { string[] strings = new string[list.Count]; for (int i = 0; i < list.Count; i++) { strings[i] = list[i].ToString(); } return new SqlString(string.Join(delimiter, strings)); } #region IBinarySerialize Members public void Read(BinaryReader r) { int itemCount = r.ReadInt32(); list = new ArrayList(itemCount); for (int i = 0; i < itemCount; i++) { this.list.Add(r.ReadString()); } } public void Write(BinaryWriter w) { w.Write(list.Count); foreach (string s in list) { w.Write(s); } } #endregion }

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  • using NEWSEQUENTIALID() with UPDATE Trigger

    - by Ram
    I am adding a new GUID/Uniqueidentifier column to my table. ALTER TABLE table_name ADD VersionNumber UNIQUEIDENTIFIER UNIQUE NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWSEQUENTIALID() GO And when ever a record is updated in the table, I would want to update this column "VersionNumber". So I create a new trigger CREATE TRIGGER [DBO].[TR_TABLE_NAMWE] ON [DBO].[TABLE_NAME] AFTER UPDATE AS BEGIN UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET VERSIONNUMBER=NEWSEQUENTIALID() FROM TABLE_NAME D JOIN INSERTED I ON D.ID=I.ID/* some ID which is used to join*/ END GO But just realized that NEWSEQUENTIALID() can only be used with CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE. I got this error The newsequentialid() built-in function can only be used in a DEFAULT expression for a column of type 'uniqueidentifier' in a CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE statement. It cannot be combined with other operators to form a complex scalar expression. Is there a workaround for this ? Edit1: Changing NEWSEQUENTIALID() to NEWID() in the trigger solves this, but I am indexing this column and using NEWID() would be sub-optimal

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  • Performing LINQ Self Join

    - by senfo
    I'm not getting the results I want for a query I'm writing in LINQ using the following: var config = (from ic in repository.Fetch() join oc in repository.Fetch() on ic.Slot equals oc.Slot where ic.Description == "Input" && oc.Description == "Output" select new Config { InputOid = ic.Oid, OutputOid = oc.Oid }).Distinct(); The following SQL returns 53 rows (which is correct), but the above LINQ returns 96 rows: SELECT DISTINCT ic.Oid AS InputOid, oc.Oid AS OutputOid FROM dbo.Config AS ic INNER JOIN dbo.Config AS oc ON ic.Slot = oc.Slot WHERE ic.Description = 'Input' AND oc.Description = 'Output' How would I replicate the above SQL in a LINQ query? Update: I don't think it matters, but I'm working with LINQ to Entities 4.0.

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  • Why can't I pass in a uniqueidentifier/GUID to a stored procedure

    - by chobo2
    Hi I have this SP USE [TestDB] GO /****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[sp_test] Script Date: 06/12/2010 11:47:27 ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_test] @id uniqueidentifier AS BEGIN select * from TestTbl where ProductId= @id END I then went to the SP with ms sql 2005 and clicked execute. It comes up with a box where I entered in the GUID. I copied and pasted it straight from my test database. I get this error. Msg 102, Level 15, State 1, Line 5 Incorrect syntax near 'cac671b'. So why can't I sent in GUIDs? even ones that are copied right from the database and must be valid as they where allowed into the db.

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  • How to dynamically write the query in SQL Server 2008?

    - by user1237131
    How to write the dynamically the below query? Table empid designation interestes 1 developer,tester cricket,chess 1 developer chess 1 techlead cricket Condition: IF empid = 1 AND (designation LIKE '%developer%' OR designationLIKE '%techlead%') OR (interests LIKE '%cricket%'). How to write the above query dynamically if designations need to send more than 2,and also same on interstes . please tell me ... EDIT stored procedure code: ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_GetDevices] @id INT, @designation NVARCHAR (MAX) AS BEGIN declare @idsplat varchar(MAX) set @idsplat = @UserIds create table #u1 (id1 varchar(MAX)) set @idsplat = 'insert #u1 select ' + replace(@idsplat, ',', ' union select ') exec(@idsplat) Select id FROM dbo.DevicesList WHERE id=@id AND designation IN (select id1 from #u1) END

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  • Copy a Table's data from a Stored Procedure

    - by Niike2
    I am learning how to use SQL and Stored Procedures. I know the syntax is incorrect: Copy data from one table into another table on another Database with a Stored Procedure. The problem is I don't know what table or what database to copy to. I want it to use parameters and not specify the columns specifically. I have 2 Databases (Master_db and Master_copy) and the same table structure on each DB. I want to quickly select a table in Master_db and copy that table's data into Master_copy table with same name. I have come up with something like this: USE Master_DB CREATE PROCEDURE TransferData DEFINE @tableFrom, @tableTo, @databaseTo; INSERT INTO @databaseTo.dbo.@databaseTo SELECT * FROM Master_DB.dbo.@tableFrom GO;

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  • In a SQL XDL File, how do I read the waitresource attribute on process nodes which are deadlocking?

    - by skimania
    On SQL Server 2005, I'm getting a deadlock when updating two different keys in the same table. note from below that these two waitresources have the same beginning part, but different ending parts. waitresource="KEY: 6:72057594090487808 (d900ed5a6cc6)" and waitresource="KEY: 6:72057594090487808 (d900fb5261bb)" These two keys are locking, and I need to figure out why. The question: If the values in parenthesis are different, why are the first half of the key's the same? <deadlock-list> <deadlock victim="processffffffff8f5863e8"> <process-list> <process id="processaf02f8" taskpriority="0" logused="0" waitresource="KEY: 6:72057594090487808 (d900fb5261bb)" waittime="2281" ownerId="1370264705" transactionname="user_transaction" lasttranstarted="2010-06-17T00:35:25.483" XDES="0x69453a70" lockMode="U" schedulerid="3" kpid="7624" status="suspended" spid="339" sbid="0" ecid="0" priority="0" transcount="2" lastbatchstarted="2010-06-17T00:35:25.483" lastbatchcompleted="2010-06-17T00:35:25.483" clientapp=".Net SqlClient Data Provider" hostname="RISKBBG_VM" hostpid="5848" loginname="RiskOpt" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="1370264705" currentdb="6" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="671088672" clientoption2="128056"> <executionStack> <frame procname="MKP_RISKDB.dbo.MarketDataCurrentRtUpload" line="14" stmtstart="840" stmtend="1220" sqlhandle="0x03000600005f9d24c8878f00849d00000100000000000000"> UPDATE c WITH (ROWLOCK) SET LastUpdate = t.LastUpdate, Value = t.Value, Source = t.Source FROM MarketDataCurrent c INNER JOIN #TEMPTABLE2 t ON c.MDID = t.mdid; -- Insert new MDID </frame> <frame procname="adhoc" line="1" sqlhandle="0x010006004a58132228bf8d73000000000000000000000000"> MarketDataCurrentBlbgRtUpload </frame> </executionStack> <inputbuf> MarketDataCurrentBlbgRtUpload </inputbuf> </process> <process id="processffffffff8f5863e8" taskpriority="0" logused="0" waitresource="KEY: 6:72057594090487808 (d900ed5a6cc6)" waittime="2281" ownerId="1370264646" transactionname="user_transaction" lasttranstarted="2010-06-17T00:35:25.450" XDES="0x1cb72be8" lockMode="U" schedulerid="5" kpid="1880" status="suspended" spid="287" sbid="0" ecid="0" priority="0" transcount="2" lastbatchstarted="2010-06-17T00:35:25.450" lastbatchcompleted="2010-06-17T00:35:25.450" clientapp=".Net SqlClient Data Provider" hostname="RISKAPPS_VM" hostpid="1424" loginname="RiskOpt" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="1370264646" currentdb="6" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="671088672" clientoption2="128056"> <executionStack> <frame procname="MKP_RISKDB.dbo.MarketDataCurrent_BulkUpload" line="28" stmtstart="1062" stmtend="1720" sqlhandle="0x03000600a28e5e4ef4fd8e00849d00000100000000000000"> UPDATE c WITH (ROWLOCK) SET LastUpdate = getdate(), Value = t.Value, Source = @source FROM MarketDataCurrent c INNER JOIN #MDTUP t ON c.MDID = t.mdid WHERE c.lastUpdate &lt; @updateTime and c.mdid not in (select mdid from MarketData where BloombergTicker is not null and PriceSource like &apos;Live.%&apos;) and c.value &lt;&gt; t.value </frame> <frame procname="adhoc" line="1" stmtstart="88" sqlhandle="0x01000600c1653d0598706ca7000000000000000000000000"> exec MarketDataCurrent_BulkUpload @clearBefore, @source </frame> <frame procname="unknown" line="1" sqlhandle="0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"> unknown </frame> </executionStack> <inputbuf> (@clearBefore datetime,@source nvarchar(10))exec MarketDataCurrent_BulkUpload @clearBefore, @source </inputbuf> </process> </process-list> <resource-list> <keylock hobtid="72057594090487808" dbid="6" objectname="MKP_RISKDB.dbo.MarketDataCurrent" indexname="PK_MarketDataCurrent" id="lock64ac7940" mode="U" associatedObjectId="72057594090487808"> <owner-list> <owner id="processffffffff8f5863e8" mode="U"/> </owner-list> <waiter-list> <waiter id="processaf02f8" mode="U" requestType="wait"/> </waiter-list> </keylock> <keylock hobtid="72057594090487808" dbid="6" objectname="MKP_RISKDB.dbo.MarketDataCurrent" indexname="PK_MarketDataCurrent" id="lockffffffffb8d2dd40" mode="U" associatedObjectId="72057594090487808"> <owner-list> <owner id="processaf02f8" mode="U"/> </owner-list> <waiter-list> <waiter id="processffffffff8f5863e8" mode="U" requestType="wait"/> </waiter-list> </keylock> </resource-list> </deadlock> </deadlock-list>

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  • Dates that intersect

    - by MikeAbyss
    Hi everyone, I've been researching this problem for awhile now and I can't seem to come to a solution, hopefully someone here can help. Currently I'm working with Microsoft SQL server management, I've been trying to do the following: Previously, the old query would just return the results that fit between two dates Heres the previous query: SELECT e.Name, o.StartDate, o.EndDate FROM dbo.Name e, dbo.Date o WHERE where e.Name = o.Name and o.StartDate <= '2010-09-28 23:59:59' and o.EndDate >= '2010-9-28 00:00:00' and e.Name like 'A' Example table that is produced after the query runs (The real table has a lot more rows obviously :P) : Name Start End A 2010-09-28 07:00:00 2010-09-28 17:00:00 A 2010-09-28 13:45:00 2010-09-28 18:00:00 A 2010-09-28 08:00:00 2010-09-28 16:00:00 A 2010-09-28 07:00:00 2010-09-28 15:30:00 However we need to change this, so that the query does the following: find the dates that intersect for a day x find the dates that don't intersect for a day x I've found a real useful site regarding this http://bloggingabout.net/blogs/egiardina/archive/2008/01/30/check-intersection-of-two-date-ranges-in-sql.aspx However the date to compare against is inputted, mine on the other hand has to all dates that intersect/don't intersect. Thanks for the help everyone.

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  • Declare global variables for a batch of execution statements - sql server 2005

    - by Shrewd Demon
    hi, i have an SQL statement wherein i am trying to update the table on the client's machine. the sql statement is as follows: BEGIN TRANSACTION DECLARE @CreatedBy INT SELECT @CreatedBy = [User_Id] FROM Users WHERE UserName = 'Administrator' --//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// --//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// PRINT @CreatedBy --(Works fine here and shows me the output) PRINT N'Rebuilding [dbo].[Some_Master]' ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Some_Master] ADD [CreatedBy] [BIGINT] NULL, [Reason] [VARCHAR](200) NULL GO PRINT @CreatedBy --(does not work here and throws me an error) PRINT N'Updating data in [Some_Master] table' UPDATE Some_Master SET CreatedBy = @CreatedBy COMMIT TRANSACTION but i am getting the following error: Must declare the scalar variable "@CreatedBy". Now i have observed if i write the Print statement above the alter command it works fine and shows me its value, but if i try to print the value after the Alter command it throws me the error i specified above. I dont know why ?? please help! Thank you

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  • LinqToSql Sub Entiity Multiple And Operators

    - by halit
    Hi I have an Array of Featureset Id , My Vehicles table has got sub table as FeatureSets I wrote Sql Query Like SELECT [t0].[ID] FROM [dbo].[SearchResultView] AS [t0] Join [dbo].[VehicleFeatureSet] AS [t1] on t0.ID = t1.VehicleID where t1.FeatureSetID = 1 and t1.FeatureSetID= 2 and t1.FeatureSetID= 3 I tried. But I Couldn't var features = Request.QueryString["FeatureSets"].Split(',').ToList().ConvertAll(new Converter<string, int>(StrinToint)); IQueryable<SearchResultView> result = db.SearchResultViews.Where(m => m.Active == true); foreach (var featuree in features) { result = result.Where(m => m.VehicleFeatureSets.Any(c => c.FeatureSetID == featuree)); } How Can I write this LINQ Query

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  • SQL UDF Group By Parameter Issue

    - by Ryan Strauss
    I'm having some issues with a group by clause in SQL. I have the following basic function: CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_GetWinsYear (@Year int) RETURNS int AS BEGIN declare @W int select @W = count(1) from tblGames where WinLossForfeit = 'W' and datepart(yyyy,Date) = @Year return @W END I'm trying to run the following basic query: select dbo.fn_GetWinsYear(datepart(yyyy,date)) from tblGames group by datepart(yyyy,date) However, I'm encountering the following error message: Column 'tblGames.Date' is invalid in the select list because it is not contained in either an aggregate function or the GROUP BY clause. Any ideas why this is occurring? FYI, I know I can remove the function and combine into one call but I'd like to keep the function in place if possible.

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  • Rename the table Column

    - by Harendra
    Hi all, I am trying to execute the following query. I don't have 'CrewID' column so in that case it will by pass update part of the script. but it gives error Invalid object CrewID'. Can you please tell me why it excute update part even my if condition does not matched. Is there is another way to do the same. I have the requirement where need to rename the column but before rename i have to copied data in other column and need to excute script many times. if exists (select * from syscolumns where name ='CrewID' and id in (select id from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[WorkPlanAssignees]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1)) BEGIN update A set A.TempCrewID=B.ID from WorkPlanAssignees A inner join Crew B on A.CrewID=B.ID END

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  • Insert Statment with Case for avoid duplicate record insertion

    - by rama
    I have written the below SP for Precheck for Duplicate records before insert into Table . but it is not allow me yo write insert staement inside the CASE . how can I write Stored Procedure for fist Check the value @Ordername into table After that if it is not present then it should inserted into Database . CREATE PROCEDURE [Test Procedure ] ( @section varchar(70), @mark varchar(70), @qty decimal(18,2), @Weight decimal(18,2), @dateupdateremark int, @OrderName varchar(70) ) AS BEGIN SET NOCOUNT ON; select case(@OrderName) when (select OrderName from dbo.tbl_insertxmldetails where(@OrderName) not in (select OrderName from tbl_insertxmldetails)) then insert into dbo.tbl_insertxmldetails (Section, Mark, QTY,Weight,Dateupdateremark ,OrderName,SystemDate) values (@Section, @Mark, @QTY,@Weight, @Dateupdateremark,@OrderName,GETDATE()) else 'File already Exists' end

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  • How can I do a left outer join where both tables have a where clause?

    - by cdeszaq
    Here's the scenario: I have 2 tables: CREATE TABLE dbo.API_User ( id int NOT NULL, name nvarchar(255) NOT NULL, authorization_key varchar(255) NOT NULL, is_active bit NOT NULL ) ON [PRIMARY] CREATE TABLE dbo.Single_Sign_On_User ( id int NOT NULL IDENTITY (1, 1), API_User_id int NOT NULL, external_id varchar(255) NOT NULL, user_id int NULL ) ON [PRIMARY] What I am trying to return is the following: is_active for a given authorization_key The Single_Sign_On_User.id that matches the external_id/API_User_id pair if it exists or NULL if there is no such pair When I try this query: SELECT Single_Sign_On_User.id, API_User.is_active FROM API_User LEFT OUTER JOIN Single_Sign_On_User ON Single_Sign_On_User.API_User_id = API_User.id WHERE Single_Sign_On_User.external_id = 'test_ext_id' AND API_User.authorization_key = 'test' where the "test" API_User record exists but the "test_ext_id" record does not, and with no other values in either table, I get no records returned. When I use: SELECT Single_Sign_On_User.id, API_User.is_active FROM API_User LEFT OUTER JOIN Single_Sign_On_User ON Single_Sign_On_User.API_User_id = API_User.id WHERE API_User.authorization_key = 'test' I get the results I expect (NULL, 1), but that query doesn't allow me to find the "test_ext_id" record if it exists but would give me all records associated with the "test" API_User record. How can I get the results I am after?

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  • Run a proc on several different values of one parameter

    - by WEFX
    I have the following query that gets run within a proc. The function MyFunction returns a table, and this query joins on that table. This proc works great when a @MyArg value is supplied. However, I’m wondering if there’s a way to run this on all @MyArg values in the database. I’m sure there’s a way to do it within a loop, but I know that loops are generally to be avoided at the db layer. I really just need to perform this for the sake of checking (and possibly cleansing) some bad data. SELECT ColumnA, ColumnB, ColumnC FROM ( SELECT a.ColumnA, a.ColumnB, a.ColumnC, ROW_NUMBER() over(partition by a.ColumnD order by f.ColumnX) as RowNum FROM dbo.MyTableA AS a INNER JOIN dbo.MyFunction(@MyArg) f ON f.myID = a.myID WHERE (a.myBit = 1 OR a.myID = @MyArg) ) AS x WHERE x.rownum = 1;

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  • Can't INSERT INTO SELECT into a table with identity column

    - by Eran Goldin
    In SQL server, I'm using a table variable and when done manipulating it I want to insert its values into a real table that has an identity column which is also the PK. The table variable I'm making has two columns; the physical table has four, the first of which is the identity column, an integer IK. The data types for the columns I want to insert are the same as the target columns' data types. INSERT INTO [dbo].[Message] ([Name], [Type]) SELECT DISTINCT [Code],[MessageType] FROM @TempTableVariable END This fails with Cannot insert duplicate key row in object 'dbo.Message' with unique index 'IX_Message_Id'. The duplicate key value is (ApplicationSelection). But when trying to insert just Values (...) it works ok. How do I get it right?

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  • SQL Server 2008 database timeout after delete

    - by stephenbayer
    I'm running the following statement, it is working locally with SQL Server 2008, however, there is SQL Server 2008 Express on the development server, and after the sql statement runs, I am unable to do SELECT statements on the table in which I deleted the record. Both databases were created with the same table creation scripts. "DELETE FROM [dbo].[tblMiddayMover] WITH (ROWLOCK) WHERE [idMiddayMover] = @IdMiddayMover" What reasons would this statement ever cause the database to hang. After executing that statement, the following SELECT statement causes an error. "SELECT * FROM [dbo].[tblMiddayMover] WHERE [fldActive] = 1" I get the following error: Timeout expired. The timeout period elapsed prior to completion of the operation or the server is not responding. I can do select statements on any other table with no issues.

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  • how do i insert into two table all at once in a stored procedure?

    - by user996502
    Doing a project for school so any help would be great thank you! I have two tables how do i insert into two tables? so both tables are linked. First table called Customer with primary key called CID that auto increments CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Customer]( [CID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [LastName] [varchar](255) NOT NULL, [FirstName] [varchar](255) NOT NULL, [MiddleName] [varchar](255) NULL, [EmailAddress] [varchar](255) NOT NULL, [PhoneNumber] [varchar](12) NOT NULL CONSTRAINT [PK__CInforma__C1F8DC5968DD69DC] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( And a second table called Employment that has a foreign key linked to the parent table CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Employment]( [EID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [CID] [int] NOT NULL, [Employer] [varchar](255) NOT NULL, [Occupation] [varchar](255) NOT NULL, [Income] [varchar](25) NOT NULL, [WPhone] [varchar](12) NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK__Employme__C190170BC7827524] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (

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  • LINQ to SQL and missing Many to Many EntityRefs

    - by Rick Strahl
    Ran into an odd behavior today with a many to many mapping of one of my tables in LINQ to SQL. Many to many mappings aren’t transparent in LINQ to SQL and it maps the link table the same way the SQL schema has it when creating one. In other words LINQ to SQL isn’t smart about many to many mappings and just treats it like the 3 underlying tables that make up the many to many relationship. Iain Galloway has a nice blog entry about Many to Many relationships in LINQ to SQL. I can live with that – it’s not really difficult to deal with this arrangement once mapped, especially when reading data back. Writing is a little more difficult as you do have to insert into two entities for new records, but nothing that can’t be handled in a small business object method with a few lines of code. When I created a database I’ve been using to experiment around with various different OR/Ms recently I found that for some reason LINQ to SQL was completely failing to map even to the linking table. As it turns out there’s a good reason why it fails, can you spot it below? (read on :-}) Here is the original database layout: There’s an items table, a category table and a link table that holds only the foreign keys to the Items and Category tables for a typical M->M relationship. When these three tables are imported into the model the *look* correct – I do get the relationships added (after modifying the entity names to strip the prefix): The relationship looks perfectly fine, both in the designer as well as in the XML document: <Table Name="dbo.wws_Item_Categories" Member="ItemCategories"> <Type Name="ItemCategory"> <Column Name="ItemId" Type="System.Guid" DbType="uniqueidentifier NOT NULL" CanBeNull="false" /> <Column Name="CategoryId" Type="System.Guid" DbType="uniqueidentifier NOT NULL" CanBeNull="false" /> <Association Name="ItemCategory_Category" Member="Categories" ThisKey="CategoryId" OtherKey="Id" Type="Category" /> <Association Name="Item_ItemCategory" Member="Item" ThisKey="ItemId" OtherKey="Id" Type="Item" IsForeignKey="true" /> </Type> </Table> <Table Name="dbo.wws_Categories" Member="Categories"> <Type Name="Category"> <Column Name="Id" Type="System.Guid" DbType="UniqueIdentifier NOT NULL" IsPrimaryKey="true" IsDbGenerated="true" CanBeNull="false" /> <Column Name="ParentId" Type="System.Guid" DbType="UniqueIdentifier" CanBeNull="true" /> <Column Name="CategoryName" Type="System.String" DbType="NVarChar(150)" CanBeNull="true" /> <Column Name="CategoryDescription" Type="System.String" DbType="NVarChar(MAX)" CanBeNull="true" /> <Column Name="tstamp" AccessModifier="Internal" Type="System.Data.Linq.Binary" DbType="rowversion" CanBeNull="true" IsVersion="true" /> <Association Name="ItemCategory_Category" Member="ItemCategory" ThisKey="Id" OtherKey="CategoryId" Type="ItemCategory" IsForeignKey="true" /> </Type> </Table> However when looking at the code generated these navigation properties (also on Item) are completely missing: [global::System.Data.Linq.Mapping.TableAttribute(Name="dbo.wws_Item_Categories")] [global::System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractAttribute()] public partial class ItemCategory : Westwind.BusinessFramework.EntityBase { private System.Guid _ItemId; private System.Guid _CategoryId; public ItemCategory() { } [global::System.Data.Linq.Mapping.ColumnAttribute(Storage="_ItemId", DbType="uniqueidentifier NOT NULL")] [global::System.Runtime.Serialization.DataMemberAttribute(Order=1)] public System.Guid ItemId { get { return this._ItemId; } set { if ((this._ItemId != value)) { this._ItemId = value; } } } [global::System.Data.Linq.Mapping.ColumnAttribute(Storage="_CategoryId", DbType="uniqueidentifier NOT NULL")] [global::System.Runtime.Serialization.DataMemberAttribute(Order=2)] public System.Guid CategoryId { get { return this._CategoryId; } set { if ((this._CategoryId != value)) { this._CategoryId = value; } } } } Notice that the Item and Category association properties which should be EntityRef properties are completely missing. They’re there in the model, but the generated code – not so much. So what’s the problem here? The problem – it appears – is that LINQ to SQL requires primary keys on all entities it tracks. In order to support tracking – even of the link table entity – the link table requires a primary key. Real obvious ain’t it, especially since the designer happily lets you import the table and even shows the relationship and implicitly the related properties. Adding an Id field as a Pk to the database and then importing results in this model layout: which properly generates the Item and Category properties into the link entity. It’s ironic that LINQ to SQL *requires* the PK in the middle – the Entity Framework requires that a link table have *only* the two foreign key fields in a table in order to recognize a many to many relation. EF actually handles the M->M relation directly without the intermediate link entity unlike LINQ to SQL. [updated from comments – 12/24/2009] Another approach is to set up both ItemId and CategoryId in the database which shows up in LINQ to SQL like this: This also work in creating the Category and Item fields in the ItemCategory entity. Ultimately this is probably the best approach as it also guarantees uniqueness of the keys and so helps in database integrity. It took me a while to figure out WTF was going on here – lulled by the designer to think that the properties should be when they were not. It’s actually a well documented feature of L2S that each entity in the model requires a Pk but of course that’s easy to miss when the model viewer shows it to you and even the underlying XML model shows the Associations properly. This is one of the issue with L2S of course – you have to play by its rules and once you hit one of those rules there’s no way around them – you’re stuck with what it requires which in this case meant changing the database.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in ADO.NET  LINQ  

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  • BNF – how to read syntax?

    - by Piotr Rodak
    A few days ago I read post of Jen McCown (blog) about her idea of blogging about random articles from Books Online. I think this is a great idea, even if Jen says that it’s not exciting or sexy. I noticed that many of the questions that appear on forums and other media arise from pure fact that people asking questions didn’t bother to read and understand the manual – Books Online. Jen came up with a brilliant, concise acronym that describes very well the category of posts about Books Online – RTFM365. I take liberty of tagging this post with the same acronym. I often come across questions of type – ‘Hey, i am trying to create a table, but I am getting an error’. The error often says that the syntax is invalid. 1 CREATE TABLE dbo.Employees 2 (guid uniqueidentifier CONSTRAINT DEFAULT Guid_Default NEWSEQUENTIALID() ROWGUIDCOL, 3 Employee_Name varchar(60) 4 CONSTRAINT Guid_PK PRIMARY KEY (guid) ); 5 The answer is usually(1), ‘Ok, let me check it out.. Ah yes – you have to put name of the DEFAULT constraint before the type of constraint: 1 CREATE TABLE dbo.Employees 2 (guid uniqueidentifier CONSTRAINT Guid_Default DEFAULT NEWSEQUENTIALID() ROWGUIDCOL, 3 Employee_Name varchar(60) 4 CONSTRAINT Guid_PK PRIMARY KEY (guid) ); Why many people stumble on syntax errors? Is the syntax poorly documented? No, the issue is, that correct syntax of the CREATE TABLE statement is documented very well in Books Online and is.. intimidating. Many people can be taken aback by the rather complex block of code that describes all intricacies of the statement. However, I don’t know better way of defining syntax of the statement or command. The notation that is used to describe syntax in Books Online is a form of Backus-Naur notatiion, called BNF for short sometimes. This is a notation that was invented around 50 years ago, and some say that even earlier, around 400 BC – would you believe? Originally it was used to define syntax of, rather ancient now, ALGOL programming language (in 1950’s, not in ancient India). If you look closer at the definition of the BNF, it turns out that the principles of this syntax are pretty simple. Here are a few bullet points: italic_text is a placeholder for your identifier <italic_text_in_angle_brackets> is a definition which is described further. [everything in square brackets] is optional {everything in curly brackets} is obligatory everything | separated | by | operator is an alternative ::= “assigns” definition to an identifier Yes, it looks like these six simple points give you the key to understand even the most complicated syntax definitions in Books Online. Books Online contain an article about syntax conventions – have you ever read it? Let’s have a look at fragment of the CREATE TABLE statement: 1 CREATE TABLE 2 [ database_name . [ schema_name ] . | schema_name . ] table_name 3 ( { <column_definition> | <computed_column_definition> 4 | <column_set_definition> } 5 [ <table_constraint> ] [ ,...n ] ) 6 [ ON { partition_scheme_name ( partition_column_name ) | filegroup 7 | "default" } ] 8 [ { TEXTIMAGE_ON { filegroup | "default" } ] 9 [ FILESTREAM_ON { partition_scheme_name | filegroup 10 | "default" } ] 11 [ WITH ( <table_option> [ ,...n ] ) ] 12 [ ; ] Let’s look at line 2 of the above snippet: This line uses rules 3 and 5 from the list. So you know that you can create table which has specified one of the following. just name – table will be created in default user schema schema name and table name – table will be created in specified schema database name, schema name and table name – table will be created in specified database, in specified schema database name, .., table name – table will be created in specified database, in default schema of the user. Note that this single line of the notation describes each of the naming schemes in deterministic way. The ‘optionality’ of the schema_name element is nested within database_name.. section. You can use either database_name and optional schema name, or just schema name – this is specified by the pipe character ‘|’. The error that user gets with execution of the first script fragment in this post is as follows: Msg 156, Level 15, State 1, Line 2 Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'DEFAULT'. Ok, let’s have a look how to find out the correct syntax. Line number 3 of the BNF fragment above contains reference to <column_definition>. Since column_definition is in angle brackets, we know that this is a reference to notion described further in the code. And indeed, the very next fragment of BNF contains syntax of the column definition. 1 <column_definition> ::= 2 column_name <data_type> 3 [ FILESTREAM ] 4 [ COLLATE collation_name ] 5 [ NULL | NOT NULL ] 6 [ 7 [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] DEFAULT constant_expression ] 8 | [ IDENTITY [ ( seed ,increment ) ] [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] 9 ] 10 [ ROWGUIDCOL ] [ <column_constraint> [ ...n ] ] 11 [ SPARSE ] Look at line 7 in the above fragment. It says, that the column can have a DEFAULT constraint which, if you want to name it, has to be prepended with [CONSTRAINT constraint_name] sequence. The name of the constraint is optional, but I strongly recommend you to make the effort of coming up with some meaningful name yourself. So the correct syntax of the CREATE TABLE statement from the beginning of the article is like this: 1 CREATE TABLE dbo.Employees 2 (guid uniqueidentifier CONSTRAINT Guid_Default DEFAULT NEWSEQUENTIALID() ROWGUIDCOL, 3 Employee_Name varchar(60) 4 CONSTRAINT Guid_PK PRIMARY KEY (guid) ); That is practically everything you should know about BNF. I encourage you to study the syntax definitions for various statements and commands in Books Online, you can find really interesting things hidden there. Technorati Tags: SQL Server,t-sql,BNF,syntax   (1) No, my answer usually is a question – ‘What error message? What does it say?’. You’d be surprised to know how many people think I can go through time and space and look at their screen at the moment they received the error.

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  • Alert visualization recipe: Get out your blender, drop in some sp_send_dbmail, Google Charts API, add your favorite colors and sprinkle with html. Blend till it’s smooth and looks pretty enough to taste.

    - by Maria Zakourdaev
      I really like database monitoring. My email inbox have a constant flow of different types of alerts coming from our production servers with all kinds of information, sometimes more useful and sometimes less useful. Usually database alerts look really simple, it’s usually a plain text email saying “Prod1 Database data file on Server X is 80% used. You’d better grow it manually before some query triggers the AutoGrowth process”. Imagine you could have received email like the one below.  In addition to the alert description it could have also included the the database file growth chart over the past 6 months. Wouldn’t it give you much more information whether the data growth is natural or extreme? That’s truly what data visualization is for. Believe it or not, I have sent the graph below from SQL Server stored procedure without buying any additional data monitoring/visualization tool.   Would you like to visualize your database alerts like I do? Then like myself, you’d love the Google Charts. All you need to know is a little HTML and have a mail profile configured on your SQL Server instance regardless of the SQL Server version. First of all, I hope you know that the sp_send_dbmail procedure has a great parameter @body_format = ‘HTML’, which allows us to send rich and colorful messages instead of boring black and white ones. All that we need is to dynamically create HTML code. This is how, for instance, you can create a table and populate it with some data: DECLARE @html varchar(max) SET @html = '<html>' + '<H3><font id="Text" style='color: Green;'>Top Databases: </H3>' + '<table border="1" bordercolor="#3300FF" style='background-color:#DDF8CC' width='70%' cellpadding='3' cellspacing='3'>' + '<tr><font color="Green"><th>Database Name</th><th>Size</th><th>Physical Name</th></tr>' + CAST( (SELECT TOP 10                             td = name,'',                             td = size * 8/1024 ,'',                             td = physical_name              FROM sys.master_files               ORDER BY size DESC             FOR XML PATH ('tr'),TYPE ) AS VARCHAR(MAX)) + '</table>' EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail @recipients = '[email protected]', @subject ='Top databases', @body = @html, @body_format = 'HTML' This is the result:   If you want to add more visualization effects, you can use Google Charts Tools https://google-developers.appspot.com/chart/interactive/docs/index which is a free and rich library of data visualization charts, they’re also easy to populate and embed. There are two versions of the Google Charts Image based charts: https://google-developers.appspot.com/chart/image/docs/gallery/chart_gall This is an old version, it’s officially deprecated although it will be up for a next few years or so. I really enjoy using this one because it can be viewed within the email body. For mobile devices you need to change the “Load remote images” property in your email application configuration.           Charts based on JavaScript classes: https://google-developers.appspot.com/chart/interactive/docs/gallery This API is newer, with rich and highly interactive charts, and it’s much more easier to understand and configure. The only downside of it is that they cannot be viewed within the email body. Outlook, Gmail and many other email clients, as part of their security policy, do not run any JavaScript that’s placed within the email body. However, you can still enjoy this API by sending the report as an email attachment. Here is an example of the old version of Google Charts API, sending the same top databases report as in the previous example but instead of a simple table, this script is using a pie chart right from  the T-SQL code DECLARE @html  varchar(8000) DECLARE @Series  varchar(800),@Labels  varchar(8000),@Legend  varchar(8000);     SET @Series = ''; SET @Labels = ''; SET @Legend = ''; SELECT TOP 5 @Series = @Series + CAST(size * 8/1024 as varchar) + ',',                         @Labels = @Labels +CAST(size * 8/1024 as varchar) + 'MB'+'|',                         @Legend = @Legend + name + '|' FROM sys.master_files ORDER BY size DESC SELECT @Series = SUBSTRING(@Series,1,LEN(@Series)-1),         @Labels = SUBSTRING(@Labels,1,LEN(@Labels)-1),         @Legend = SUBSTRING(@Legend,1,LEN(@Legend)-1) SET @html =   '<H3><font color="Green"> '+@@ServerName+' top 5 databases : </H3>'+    '<br>'+    '<img src="http://chart.apis.google.com/chart?'+    'chf=bg,s,DDF8CC&'+    'cht=p&'+    'chs=400x200&'+    'chco=3072F3|7777CC|FF9900|FF0000|4A8C26&'+    'chd=t:'+@Series+'&'+    'chl='+@Labels+'&'+    'chma=0,0,0,0&'+    'chdl='+@Legend+'&'+    'chdlp=b"'+    'alt="'+@@ServerName+' top 5 databases" />'              EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail @recipients = '[email protected]',                             @subject = 'Top databases',                             @body = @html,                             @body_format = 'HTML' This is what you get. Isn’t it great? Chart parameters reference: chf     Gradient fill  bg - backgroud ; s- solid cht     chart type  ( p - pie) chs        chart size width/height chco    series colors chd        chart data string        1,2,3,2 chl        pir chart labels        a|b|c|d chma    chart margins chdl    chart legend            a|b|c|d chdlp    chart legend text        b - bottom of chart   Line graph implementation is also really easy and powerful DECLARE @html varchar(max) DECLARE @Series varchar(max) DECLARE @HourList varchar(max) SET @Series = ''; SET @HourList = ''; SELECT @HourList = @HourList + SUBSTRING(CONVERT(varchar(13),last_execution_time,121), 12,2)  + '|' ,              @Series = @Series + CAST( COUNT(1) as varchar) + ',' FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats s     CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(plan_handle) t WHERE last_execution_time > = getdate()-1 GROUP BY CONVERT(varchar(13),last_execution_time,121) ORDER BY CONVERT(varchar(13),last_execution_time,121) SET @Series = SUBSTRING(@Series,1,LEN(@Series)-1) SET @html = '<img src="http://chart.apis.google.com/chart?'+ 'chco=CA3D05,87CEEB&'+ 'chd=t:'+@Series+'&'+ 'chds=1,350&'+ 'chdl= Proc executions from cache&'+ 'chf=bg,s,1F1D1D|c,lg,0,363433,1.0,2E2B2A,0.0&'+ 'chg=25.0,25.0,3,2&'+ 'chls=3|3&'+ 'chm=d,CA3D05,0,-1,12,0|d,FFFFFF,0,-1,8,0|d,87CEEB,1,-1,12,0|d,FFFFFF,1,-1,8,0&'+ 'chs=600x450&'+ 'cht=lc&'+ 'chts=FFFFFF,14&'+ 'chtt=Executions for from' +(SELECT CONVERT(varchar(16),min(last_execution_time),121)          FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats          WHERE last_execution_time > = getdate()-1) +' till '+ +(SELECT CONVERT(varchar(16),max(last_execution_time),121)     FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats) + '&'+ 'chxp=1,50.0|4,50.0&'+ 'chxs=0,FFFFFF,12,0|1,FFFFFF,12,0|2,FFFFFF,12,0|3,FFFFFF,12,0|4,FFFFFF,14,0&'+ 'chxt=y,y,x,x,x&'+ 'chxl=0:|1|350|1:|N|2:|'+@HourList+'3:|Hour&'+ 'chma=55,120,0,0" alt="" />' EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail @recipients = '[email protected]', @subject ='Daily number of executions', @body = @html, @body_format = 'HTML' Chart parameters reference: chco    series colors chd        series data chds    scale format chdl    chart legend chf        background fills chg        grid line chls    line style chm        line fill chs        chart size cht        chart type chts    chart style chtt    chart title chxp    axis label positions chxs    axis label styles chxt    axis tick mark styles chxl    axis labels chma    chart margins If you don’t mind to get your charts as an email attachment, you can enjoy the Java based Google Charts which are even easier to configure, and have much more advanced graphics. In the example below, the sp_send_email procedure uses the parameter @query which will be executed at the time that sp_send_dbemail is executed and the HTML result of this execution will be attached to the email. DECLARE @html varchar(max),@query varchar(max) DECLARE @SeriesDBusers  varchar(800);     SET @SeriesDBusers = ''; SELECT @SeriesDBusers = @SeriesDBusers +  ' ["'+DB_NAME(r.database_id) +'", ' +cast(count(1) as varchar)+'],' FROM sys.dm_exec_requests r GROUP BY DB_NAME(database_id) ORDER BY count(1) desc; SET @SeriesDBusers = SUBSTRING(@SeriesDBusers,1,LEN(@SeriesDBusers)-1) SET @query = ' PRINT '' <html>   <head>     <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.google.com/jsapi"></script>     <script type="text/javascript">       google.load("visualization", "1", {packages:["corechart"]});        google.setOnLoadCallback(drawChart);       function drawChart() {                      var data = google.visualization.arrayToDataTable([                        ["Database Name", "Active users"],                        '+@SeriesDBusers+'                      ]);                        var options = {                        title: "Active users",                        pieSliceText: "value"                      };                        var chart = new google.visualization.PieChart(document.getElementById("chart_div"));                      chart.draw(data, options);       };     </script>   </head>   <body>     <table>     <tr><td>         <div id="chart_div" style='width: 800px; height: 300px;'></div>         </td></tr>     </table>   </body> </html> ''' EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail    @recipients = '[email protected]',    @subject ='Active users',    @body = @html,    @body_format = 'HTML',    @query = @Query,     @attach_query_result_as_file = 1,     @query_attachment_filename = 'Results.htm' After opening the email attachment in the browser you are getting this kind of report: In fact, the above is not only for database alerts. It can be used for applicative reports if you need high levels of customization that you cannot achieve using standard methods like SSRS. If you need more information on how to customize the charts, you can try the following: Image Based Charts wizard https://google-developers.appspot.com/chart/image/docs/chart_wizard  Live Image Charts Playground https://google-developers.appspot.com/chart/image/docs/chart_playground Image Based Charts Parameters List https://google-developers.appspot.com/chart/image/docs/chart_params Java Script Charts Playground https://code.google.com/apis/ajax/playground/?type=visualization Use the above examples as a starting point for your procedures and I’d be more than happy to hear of your implementations of the above techniques. Yours, Maria

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  • Odd Profiler Results with EF4

    - by AjarnMark
    I have been doing some testing of using the Microsoft Entity Framework 4 with stored procedures and ran across some really odd results in SQL Server Profiler. The application that is running which uses Entity Framework 4 is a simple Web Application written in C#, and the Entity Data Model is actually contained in a referenced class library of its own.  I’ll write more about my experiences with this later.  For now the question is, why does SQL Profiler think that the stored procedure is running in Master, and not in my application database? While analyzing the effects of using custom helper methods on my EDM classes to call the stored procedure, I decided to run Profiler while I stepped through the code so that I had a clear understanding of exactly when and what calls were made to the SQL Server.  I ran Profiler switching back and forth between the TSQL and TSQL_SP templates.  However, to reduce the amount of results rows I needed to wade through, I set a filter on DatabaseID to be equal to my application’s database.  Each time I ran this, the only thing that I saw was an Audit:Login to the database, but no procedure or T-SQL statements executed, yet I was definitely getting results back to my web page.  I tried other Profiler templates, still filtering on DatabaseID (tangent: I found, at least back in SQL 2000 Profiler, that filtering on DatabaseID was more reliable than filtering on DatabaseName.  Even though I’m now running SQL 2008, that habit sticks with me).  Still no results other than the Login.  Very weird! Finally, I decided to run Profiler with no filtering and discovered that that lines which represent my stored procedure and its T-SQL commands are all marked with DatabaseID = 1, which is Master.  Why in the world would that be?  My procedure is definitely in the application database, and not in Master, and there is nothing funny about the call to the procedure evident in Profiler (i.e. it is not called as MyAppDB.dbo.MyProcName, but rather just dbo.MyProcName).  There must be something funny with the way the Entity Framework is wrapping this call, and I don’t like it…I don’t like it one bit.  My primary PROD server contains 40+ databases on it, and when I need to profile something, I expect to be able to filter based on DatabaseID (for the record, I displayed DatabaseName in my results, too, and it also shows Master). I find the same pattern of everything except the Login showing up as being in Master when I run my version that uses standard LINQ to Entities instead of stored procedures, so that suggests it is not my code, but rather something funny with SQL Server 2008 Profiler or the Entity Framework. If you have any ideas about why this might be so, please comment below.

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  • Linked servers and performance impact: Direction matters!

    - by Linchi Shea
    When you have some data on a SQL Server instance (say SQL01) and you want to move the data to another SQL Server instance (say SQL02) through openquery(), you can either push the data from SQL01, or pull the data from SQL02. To push the data, you can run a SQL script like the following on SQL01, which is the source server: -- The push script -- Run this on SQL01 use testDB go insert openquery(SQL02, 'select * from testDB.dbo.target_table') select * from source_table; To pull the data, you can run...(read more)

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  • Check if Database Exists

    - by Derek Dieter
    In creating a database you also need to check whether or not the database already exists. In order to do so, simply use the ‘if exists’ method and select the name of the database from sysdatabases.IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT name FROM master.dbo.sysdatabases WHERE name = N'SQLServerPlanet') CREATE DATABASE [SQLServerPlanet]The code below will drop an [...]

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