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• In SQL, why is "Distinct" not used in a subquery, when looking for some items "not showing up" in th

  - by Jian Lin

  Usually when looking for some items not showing up in the other table, we can use: select * from gifts where giftID not in (select giftID from sentgifts); or select * from gifts where giftID not in (select distinct giftID from sentgifts); the second line is with "distinct" added, so that the resulting table is smaller, and probably let the search for "not in" faster too. So, won't using "distinct" be desirable? Often than not, I don't see it being used in the subquery in such a case. Is there advantage or disadvantage of using it? thanks.

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• Multiple left joins, how to output in php

  - by Dan

  I have 3 tables I need to join. The contracts table is the main table, the 'jobs' and 'companies' table are extra info that can be associated to the contracts table. so, since I want all entries from my 'contracts' table, and the 'jobs' and 'companies' data only if it exists, I wrote the query like this.... $sql = "SELECT * FROM contracts LEFT JOIN jobs ON contracts.job_id = jobs.id LEFT JOIN companies ON contracts.company_id = companies.id ORDER BY contracts.end_date"; Now how would I output this in PHP? I tried this but kept getting an undefined error "Notice: Undefined index: contracts.id"... $sql_result = mysql_query($sql,$connection) or die ("Fail."); if(mysql_num_rows($sql_result) > 0){ while($row = mysql_fetch_array($sql_result)) { $contract_id = stripslashes($row['contracts.id']); $job_number = stripslashes($row['jobs.job_number']); $company_name = stripslashes($row['companies.name']); ?> <tr id="<?=$contract_id?>"> <td><?=$job_number?></td> <td><?=$company_name?></td> </tr> <? } }else{ echo "No records found"; } Any help is appreciated.

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• SQL clone record with a unique index

  - by Milhous

  Is there a clean way of cloning a record in SQL that has an index(auto increment). I want to clone all the fields except the index. I currently have to enumerate every field, and use that in an insert select, and I would rather not explicitly list all of the fields, as they may change over time.

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• PHP reporting error. DB verify how to?

  - by iamfab

  Error reporting Notice: Undefined variable: random_chars in wamp\www\php_sandbox\idgen.php on line 21 Call Stack: # Time Memory Function Location 1 0.0045 678928 {main}( ) ..\idgen.php:0 GPB7446 How do I fix this error? Using this code like an automatic unique id generator. How do I connect to DB to verify code is truly unique before allowing it to be assigned to a user creating a new account? Thanks <?php $characters = array( "A","B","E","F","G","H","J","K","M","N","P","R","S","T","W","X","Y","Z"); $keys = array(); while(count($keys) < 3) { $x = mt_rand(0, count($characters)-1); if(!in_array($x, $keys)) { $keys[] = $x; } } foreach($keys as $key){ $random_chars .= $characters[$key];} $randNum = rand(2327,9987); $randLet = rand(2327,9987); echo $random_chars . $randNum; ?>

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• Displaying code with <pre> tags.

  - by iMaster

  Currently I'm using <pre><code> code here </code><pre> to display code. I'm pulling this information from a DB for a blog. The problem I'm having is that some of the code isn't showing. For example, in the source code I have this: <pre><code><br /> echo '<ul class="mylist"><li><ul class="left">'; foreach($nameArray as $name) { if($countervar == $half) { echo '</ul></li>'; echo'<li><ul class="right">'; } echo '<li>$name</li>'; ++$i; } echo '</ul></li>'; echo '</ul>'; ?> But all that shows up is this: echo ''; foreach($nameArray as $name) { if($countervar == $half) { echo ''; echo''; } echo '$name'; ++$i; } echo ' An there's some really weird formatting/spacing issues as well. Any ideas as to what is causing this? I should also mention that some of the other sets of code show up just fine.

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• What is the right way to do flexible columns in database?

  - by Timmy

  Im storing columns in database with users able to add and remove columns, with fake columns. How do I implement this efficiently?

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• Getting highest results in a JOIN

  - by Keithamus

  I've got three tables; Auctions, Auction Bids and Users. The table structure looks something like this: Auctions: id title -- ----- 1 Auction 1 2 Auction 2 Auction Bids: id user_id auction_id bid_amt -- ------- ---------- ------- 1 1 1 200.00 2 2 1 202.00 3 1 2 100.00 Users is just a standard table, with id and user name. My aim is to join these tables so I can get the highest values of these bids, as well as get the usernames related to those bids; so I have a result set like so: auction_id auction_title auctionbid_amt user_username ---------- ------------- -------------- ------------- 1 Auction 1 202.00 Bidder2 2 Auction 2 100.00 Bidder1 So far my query is as follows: SELECT a.id, a.title, ab.bid_points, u.display_name FROM auction a LEFT JOIN auctionbid ab ON a.id = ab.auction_id LEFT JOIN users u ON u.id = ab.user_id GROUP BY a.id This gets the single rows I am after, but it seems to display the lowest bid_amt, not the highest.

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• How to exclude result from 2 different table and show the result?

  - by Lucy Amalia Lusiana

  I have 2 tables: T1 (Total User) T2 (User_id_that_have_done_something_for_today) the mysql_query result from T1 are (Total User) ----- ID ----- | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 4 | | 5 | | 6 | | 7 | | 8 | the mysql_query from T2 are (logged) ----- user_id_log ----- | 1 | | 3 | | 4 | | 7 | How to compare T1 and T2 And only show the user that not approved? The end result that i wanted is (result) ----- ID ----- | 2 | | 5 | | 6 | | 8 | I spent 2 days to make this work but i cannot do it I have try LEFT JOIN and NOT IT but the result is not what i wanted Please help me, thank you

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• Query returning related assets

  - by GMo

  I have 2 tables, one is an assets table which holds digital assets (e.g. article, images etc), the 2nd table is an asset_links table which maps 1-1 relationships between assets contained within the assets table. Here are the table definitions: Asset +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | source | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | title | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | date_created | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | date_embargo | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | date_expires | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | date_updated | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | keywords | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | status | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | priority | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | fk_site | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | | | resource_type | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | resource_id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | fk_user | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | | +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ Asset_links +-----------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-----------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | asset_id1 | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | asset_id2 | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | +-----------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ In the asset_links table there are the following rows: 1 - 3, 1 - 4, 2 - 10, 2 - 56 I am looking to write one query which will return all assets which satisfy any asset search criteria and within the same query return all of the linked asset data for linked assets for that asset. e.g. The query returning assets 1 and 2 would return : Asset 1 attributes - Asset 3 attributes - Asset 4 attributes Asset 2 attributes - Asset 10 attributes - Asset 56 attributes What is the best way to write the query?

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• Where binary in SQL

  - by fire

  I have an SQL statement: SELECT * FROM customers WHERE BINARY login='xxx' AND password='yyyy' There are no blob/binary fields in the table, do I need the BINARY after the WHERE what else does it do?

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• Relation to multiple tables of different types for rating?

  - by Tronic

  i have a table structure like this Products Team Images and want to implement a rating/commenting-feature, where users can rate each entry of all tables. what's the best way to make a single rating table? e.g. a user votes a a product and a team entry, and it should be possible to get alle these entries from a single table. what kind of table-structure is best for this purpose? i hope, my questions is clear enough :/ thanks in advance!

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• How many indexes will actually get used?

  - by Ender

  I'm writing a page that does very simple search queries, resulting in something like: SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE A in (a1, a2, a3) AND B in (b1, b2) AND C in (c1, c2, c3, c4) AND And so on for a variable number of columns, usually ~5. If I create a separate index for each column (one for A, one for B, one for C, not (A,B,C)), will all of them be used in the above query?

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• Wrong intrepretation of some columns in ireport

  - by Purushotham

  Hi, I got a strange problem. I am using iReport 3.7.1 tool to create some reports. The Query Editor has one query. It shows all the data types of the fields in that query exactly same as the data types shown when I execute it using SQLYOG editor. The problem is here: One field data type is mismatched. I don't know the reason. SQLYOG says it is INTEGER whereas iReport Query Editor says its a long value. BTW The value that assigned to that filed is zero. Can anyone help ? I want to zero-in on this issue.

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• how do i release the auto increment serial nos that are missing

  - by mmdel

  i have a table with auto increment field and i am using transactions when inserting new data. now i find there are a few serial nos that are missing. suppose the last serial no was 475, now when i insert new row, the serial allotted to it is 481. how do i correct this. table_A fields ID(Auto increment),Name,Address table_B fields ID(Auto increment FK TO table_A ID),Tel,Fax,Email,Salesman table_C fields ID(Auto increment FK TO table_A ID),monthly_commitment mysql_query(BEGIN); $a = mysql_query("INSERT INTO table_A VALUES('','name','address')"); $b = mysql_query("INSERT INTO table_B VALUES('','tel','fax','email','salesman')"); $b = mysql_query("INSERT INTO table_C VALUES('','monthly commitment')"); if(($a) && ($b) && ($c)){mysql_query("COMMIT");} else {mysql_query("ROLLBACK");}

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• How to UNION ALL two SELECT statements?

  - by Lisa

  I have 2 tables, one looks like this: TABLE ONE id | Last Name | First Name | Username | Password | Secret Question and another that looks like this: TABLE TWO id | Hobby | Country | I want to combine a Select statement that grabs data from both tables and output the results. The following code: $select = mysql_query(" SELECT * FROM table_one WHERE Username = 'Bob' UNION ALL SELECT * FROM table_two WHERE Hobby = 'Baseball' "); while ($return = mysql_fetch_assoc($select)) { $userName = $return['Username']; $hobby = $return['Hobby']; } echo "$userName likes $hobby"; results in a The used SELECT statements have a different number of columns error, what am I doing wrong?

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• Time diff calculations where date and time are in seperate columns

  - by pedalpete

  I've got a query where I'm trying to get the hours in duration (eg 6.5 hours) between two different times. In my database, time and date are held in different fields so I can efficiently query on just a startDate, or endDate as I never query specifically on time. My query looks like this SELECT COUNT(*), IFNULL(SUM(TIMEDIFF(endTime,startTime)),0) FROM events WHERE user=18 Sometimes an event will go overnight, so the difference between times needs to take into account the differences between the dates as well. I've been trying SELECT COUNT(*), IFNULL(SUM(TIMEDIFF(CONCAT(endDate,' ',endTime),CONCAT(startDate,' ',startTime))),0) FROM events WHERE user=18 Unfortunately I only get errors when I do this, and I can't seem to combine the two fields into a single timestamp.

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• How do I show the print with AJAX/jQuery?

  - by Doug

  So I'm trying to understand this whole AJAX/jQuery thing. Right now, when I run this PHP script alone, I would have to wait and watch the wheel spin until it's done with the loop and then it will load. while ( $row = mysql_fetch_array($res) ) { postcode_to_storm( $row['Test'] ); $dom = new DOMDocument(); @$dom->loadHTML($result); $xPath = new DOMXPath($dom); $failInvite = 'Rejected'; $findFalse = strpos($result, $failInvite); if ( $findFalse == true ) { $array[$i] = $row['Test']; $i++; echo $array[$i]}; } } Now, how do I use AJAX/jQuery to show echo $array[$i]}; everytime it is invoked instead of waiting for the whole process to complete?

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• Calculate distances and sort them

  - by Emir

  Hi guys, I wrote a function that can calculate the distance between two addresses using the Google Maps API. The addresses are obtained from the database. What I want to do is calculate the distance using the function I wrote and sort the places according to the distance. Just like "Locate Store Near You" feature in online stores. I'm going to specify what I want to do with an example: So, lets say we have 10 addresses in database. And we have a variable $currentlocation. And I have a function called calcdist(), so that I can calculate the distances between 10 addresses and $currentlocation, and sort them. Here is how I do it: $query = mysql_query("SELECT name, address FROM table"); while ($write = mysql_fetch_array($query)) { $distance = array(calcdist($currentlocation, $write["address"])); sort($distance); for ($i=0; $i<1; $i++) { echo "<tr><td><strong>".$distance[$i]." kms</strong></td><td>".$write['name']."</td></tr>"; } } But this doesn't work very well. It doesn't sort the numbers. Another challenge: How can I do this in an efficient way? Imagine there are infinite numbers of addresses; how can I sort these addresses and page them?

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• UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY

  - by ultrajohn

  Does declaring an attribute of a table as UNIQUE equivalent to declaring it as PRIMARY KEY? tnx a lot!

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• self join to select consecutive numbers

  - by shantanuo

  CREATE TABLE `mybug` ( `SEAT_NO` decimal(2,0) NOT NULL, `ROW_NO` decimal(2,0) NOT NULL, `COL_NO` decimal(2,0) NOT NULL ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; INSERT INTO `mybug` VALUES ('1','1','1'),('26','7','2'),('31','8','2'),('32','8','1'),('33','9','1'),('34','9','2'),('35','9','5'),('36','9','6'),('37','10','6'),('38','10','5'),('39','10','2'),('40','10','1'),('41','11','1'),('42','11','2'),('43','11','4'),('44','11','5'); +---------+--------+--------+ | SEAT_NO | ROW_NO | COL_NO | +---------+--------+--------+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 26 | 7 | 2 | | 31 | 8 | 2 | | 32 | 8 | 1 | | 33 | 9 | 1 | | 34 | 9 | 2 | | 35 | 9 | 5 | | 36 | 9 | 6 | | 37 | 10 | 6 | | 38 | 10 | 5 | | 39 | 10 | 2 | | 40 | 10 | 1 | | 41 | 11 | 1 | | 42 | 11 | 2 | | 43 | 11 | 4 | | 44 | 11 | 5 | +---------+--------+--------+ 16 rows in set (0.00 sec) In the above chart, I need to select 2 seats those are in the same row AND column numbers are next to each other. For e.g. Seat Numbers 38 & 39 can not be issued even if both the seats are from the same row because the column numbers 2 & 5 are not adjacent. The expected results are as follows: 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 These are the starting numbers and the next seat will be automatically booked as well. for e.g. 31 & 32

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• How to select last row of mysql_query?

  - by sergdev

  It is possible to select last row selected by mysql_query in php without iterating using mysql_fetch_row from first row till last? If so, what should I use?

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• Please help me design a sql query for this problem

  - by saurav

  For a particular name i want to fetch other names who have lived in three or more cities lived by this person.

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• Doctrine 1.2 Column Naming Conventions for Many To Many Relationships

  - by Alan Storm

  I'm working with an existing database schema, and trying to setup two Doctrine models with a Many to Many relationship, as described in this document When creating tables from scratch, I have no trouble getting this working. However, the existing join tables use a different naming convention that what's described in the Doctrine document. Specifically Table 1 -------------------------------------------------- table_1_id ....other columns.... Table 2 -------------------------------------------------- table_2_id ....other columns.... Join Table -------------------------------------------------- fktable1_id fktable_2_id Basically, the previous developers prefaced all forign keys with an fk. From the examples I've seen and some brief experimenting with code, it appears that Doctrine 1.2 requires that the join table use the same column names as the tables it's joining in Is my assumption correct? If so, has the situation changed in Doctrine 2? If the answers to either of the above are true, how do you configure the models so that all the columns "line up"

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• How much does an InnoDB table benefit from having fixed-length rows?

  - by Philip Eve

  I know that dependent on the database storage engine in use, a performance benefit can be found if all of the rows in the table can be guaranteed to be the same length (by avoiding nullable columns and not using any VARCHAR, TEXT or BLOB columns). I'm not clear on how far this applies to InnoDB, with its funny table arrangements. Let's give an example: I have the following table CREATE TABLE `PlayerGameRcd` ( `User` SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, `Game` MEDIUMINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, `GameResult` ENUM('Quit', 'Kicked by Vote', 'Kicked by Admin', 'Kicked by System', 'Finished 5th', 'Finished 4th', 'Finished 3rd', 'Finished 2nd', 'Finished 1st', 'Game Aborted', 'Playing', 'Hide' ) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Playing', `Inherited` TINYINT NOT NULL, `GameCounts` TINYINT NOT NULL, `Colour` TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, `Score` SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, `NumLongTurns` TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, `Notes` MEDIUMTEXT, `CurrentOccupant` TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, PRIMARY KEY (`Game`, `User`), UNIQUE KEY `PGR_multi_uk` (`Game`, `CurrentOccupant`, `Colour`), INDEX `Stats_ind_PGR` (`GameCounts`, `GameResult`, `Score`, `User`), INDEX `GameList_ind_PGR` (`User`, `CurrentOccupant`, `Game`, `Colour`), CONSTRAINT `Constr_PlayerGameRcd_User_fk` FOREIGN KEY `User_fk` (`User`) REFERENCES `User` (`UserID`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, CONSTRAINT `Constr_PlayerGameRcd_Game_fk` FOREIGN KEY `Game_fk` (`Game`) REFERENCES `Game` (`GameID`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE ) ENGINE=INNODB CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci The only column that is nullable is Notes, which is MEDIUMTEXT. This table presently has 33097 rows (which I appreciate is small as yet). Of these rows, only 61 have values in Notes. How much of an improvement might I see from, say, adding a new table to store the Notes column in and performing LEFT JOINs when necessary?

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• How do detect that transaction has already been started?

  - by xelurg

  I am using Zend_Db to insert some data inside a transaction. My function starts a transaction and then calls another method that also attempts to start a transaction and of course fails(I am using MySQL5). So, the question is - how do I detect that transaction has already been started? Here is a sample bit of code: try { Zend_Registry::get('database')->beginTransaction(); $totals = self::calculateTotals($Cart); $PaymentInstrument = new PaymentInstrument; $PaymentInstrument->create(); $PaymentInstrument->validate(); $PaymentInstrument->save(); Zend_Registry::get('database')->commit(); return true; } catch(Zend_Exception $e) { Bootstrap::$Log->err($e->getMessage()); Zend_Registry::get('database')->rollBack(); return false; } Inside PaymentInstrument::create there is another beginTransaction statement that produces the exception that says that transaction has already been started.

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