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• Code Golf: Quickly Build List of Keywords from Text, Including # of Instances

  - by Jonathan Sampson

  I've already worked out this solution for myself with PHP, but I'm curious how it could be done differently - better even. The two languages I'm primarily interested in are PHP and Javascript, but I'd be interested in seeing how quickly this could be done in any other major language today as well (mostly C#, Java, etc). Return only words with an occurrence greater than X Return only words with a length greater than Y Ignore common terms like "and, is, the, etc" Feel free to strip punctuation prior to processing (ie. "John's" becomes "John") Return results in a collection/array Extra Credit Keep Quoted Statements together, (ie. "They were 'too good to be true' apparently")Where 'too good to be true' would be the actual statement Extra-Extra Credit Can your script determine words that should be kept together based upon their frequency of being found together? This being done without knowing the words beforehand. Example: "The fruit fly is a great thing when it comes to medical research. Much study has been done on the fruit fly in the past, and has lead to many breakthroughs. In the future, the fruit fly will continue to be studied, but our methods may change." Clearly the word here is "fruit fly," which is easy for us to find. Can your search'n'scrape script determine this too? Source text: http://sampsonresume.com/labs/c.txt Answer Format It would be great to see the results of your code, output, in addition to how long the operation lasted.

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• Automatically install and launch a code-signed application from Safari

  - by Thomas Jung

  Is it possible and if so what are the steps necessary to package (or build) a Mac OS X application and code-sign it so that it can be downloaded with Safari and automatically launch? ... possibly after the user responds to some sort of dialog explaining that it is a signed application and the publisher has been verified. An example of the user experience I am trying to create is "installing Google Chrome for the first time on Windows", which is a 3-click, less-than-a-minute process. For the concerned among you: I am not trying to create a drive-by download. I am fine with some sort of intermittent user step approving the download. I just want to make the installation as quick and painless as possible and not require the user drag the app from a mounted DMG into the application folder. This may not 100% jibe with established Mac OS X user interaction guidelines, but it would work better for the not-power users. I only need the high-level steps or pointers to resources ... my google-fu was weak on this one.

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• Code Explanation (MPICH)

  - by user243680

  #include "mpi.h" #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> double f(double a) { return (4.0 / (1.0 + a*a)); } void main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int done = 0, n, myid, numprocs,i; double PI25DT = 3.141592653589793238462643; double mypi, pi, h, sum, x; double startwtime, endwtime; int namelen; char processor_name[MPI_MAX_PROCESSOR_NAME]; MPI_Init(&argc,&argv); MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&numprocs); MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&myid); MPI_Get_processor_name(processor_name,&namelen); fprintf(stderr,"Process %d on %s\n", myid, processor_name); fflush(stderr); n = 0; while (!done) { if (myid == 0) { printf("Enter the number of intervals: (0 quits) ");fflush(stdout); scanf("%d",&n); startwtime = MPI_Wtime(); } MPI_Bcast(&n, 1, MPI_INT, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD); if (n == 0) done = 1; else { h = 1.0 / (double) n; sum = 0.0; for (i = myid + 1; i <= n; i += numprocs) { x = h * ((double)i - 0.5); sum += f(x); } mypi = h * sum; MPI_Reduce(&mypi, &pi, 1, MPI_DOUBLE, MPI_SUM, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD); if (myid == 0) { printf("pi is approximately %.16f, Error is %.16f\n", pi, fabs(pi - PI25DT)); endwtime = MPI_Wtime(); printf("wall clock time = %f\n", endwtime-startwtime); } } } MPI_Finalize(); } Can anyone explain me the above code what it does??I am in lab and my miss has asked me to explain and i dont know what it is.please help

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• Finding a 3rd party QWidget with injected code & QWidget::find(hwnd)

  - by David Menard

  Hey, I have a Qt Dll wich I inject into a third-party Application using windows detours library: if(!DetourCreateProcessWithDll( Path, NULL, NULL, NULL, TRUE, CREATE_DEFAULT_ERROR_MODE | CREATE_SUSPENDED, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi, "C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft Research\\Detours Express 2.1\\bin\\detoured.dll", "C:\\Users\\Dave\\Documents\\Visual Studio 2008\\Projects\\XOR\\Debug\\XOR.dll", NULL)) and then I set a system-wide hook to intercept window creation: HHOOK h_hook = ::SetWindowsHookEx(WH_CBT, (HOOKPROC)CBTProc, Status::getInstance()->getXORInstance(), 0); Where XOR is my programs name, and Status::getInstance() is a Singleton where I keep globals. In my CBTProc callback, I want to intercept all windows that are QWidgets: HWND hwnd= FindWindow(L"QWidget", NULL); which works well, since I get a corresponding HWND (I checked with Spy++) Then, I want to get a pointer to the QWidget, so I can use its functions: QWidget* q = QWidget::find(hwnd); but here's the problem, the returned pointer is always 0. Am I not injecting my code into the process properly? Or am I not using QWidget::find() as I should? Thanks, Dave EDIT:If i change the QWidget::find() function to an exported function of my DLL, after setting the hooks (so I can set and catch a breakpoint), QWidgetPrivate::mapper is NULL.

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• Code golf: combining multiple sorted lists into a single sorted list

  - by Alabaster Codify

  Implement an algorithm to merge an arbitrary number of sorted lists into one sorted list. The aim is to create the smallest working programme, in whatever language you like. For example: input: ((1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (3, 6, 9)) output: (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) input: ((1, 10), (), (2, 5, 6, 7)) output: (1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 10) Note: solutions which concatenate the input lists then use a language-provided sort function are not in-keeping with the spirit of golf, and will not be accepted: sorted(sum(lists,[])) # cheating: out of bounds! Apart from anything else, your algorithm should be (but doesn't have to be) a lot faster! Clearly state the language, any foibles and the character count. Only include meaningful characters in the count, but feel free to add whitespace to the code for artistic / readability purposes. To keep things tidy, suggest improvement in comments or by editing answers where appropriate, rather than creating a new answer for each "revision". EDIT: if I was submitting this question again, I would expand on the "no language provided sort" rule to be "don't concatenate all the lists then sort the result". Existing entries which do concatenate-then-sort are actually very interesting and compact, so I won't retro-actively introduce a rule they break, but feel free to work to the more restrictive spec in new submissions. Inspired by http://stackoverflow.com/questions/464342/combining-two-sorted-lists-in-python

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• Where to post code for open source usage?

  - by Douglas

  I've been working for a few weeks now with the Google Maps API v3, and have done a good bit of development for the map I've been creating. Some of the things I've done have had to be done to add usability where there previously was not any, at least not that I could find online. Essentially, I made a list of what had to be done, searched all over the web for the ways to do what I needed, and found that some were not(at the time) possible(in the "grab an example off the web" sense). Thus, in my working on this map, I have created a number of very useful tools, which I would like to share with the development community. Is there anywhere I could use as a hub, apart from my portfolio ( http://dougglover.com ), to allow people to view and recycle my work? I know how hard it can be to need to do something, and be unable to find the solution elsewhere, and I don't think that if something has been done before, it should necessarily need to be written again and again. Hence open source code, right? Firstly, I was considering coming on here and asking a question, and then just answering it. Problem there is I assume that would just look like a big reputation grab. If not, please let me know and I'll go ahead and do that so people here can see it. Other suggestions appreciated. Some stuff I've made: A (new and improved) LatLng generator Works quicker, generates LatLng based on position of a draggable marker Allows searching for an address to place the marker on/near the desired location(much better than having to scroll to your location all the way from Siberia) Since it's a draggable marker, double-clicking zooms in, instead of creating a new LatLng marker like the one I was originally using The ability to create entirely custom "Smart Paths" Plot LatLng points on the map which connect to each other just like they do using the actual Google Maps Using Dijkstra's algorithm with Javascript, the routing is intelligent and always gives the shortest possible route, using the points provided Simple, easy to read multi-dimensional array system allows for easily adding new points to the grid Any suggestions, etc. appreciated.

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• What are Code Smells? What is the best way to correct them?

  - by Rob Cooper

  OK, so I know what a code smell is, and the Wikipedia Article is pretty clear in its definition: In computer programming, code smell is any symptom in the source code of a computer program that indicates something may be wrong. It generally indicates that the code should be refactored or the overall design should be reexamined. The term appears to have been coined by Kent Beck on WardsWiki. Usage of the term increased after it was featured in Refactoring. Improving the Design of Existing Code. I know it also provides a list of common code smells. But I thought it would be great if we could get clear list of not only what code smells there are, but also how to correct them. Some Rules Now, this is going to be a little subjective in that there are differences to languages, programming style etc. So lets lay down some ground rules: ** ONE SMELL PER ANSWER PLEASE! & ADVISE ON HOW TO CORRECT! ** See this answer for a good display of what this thread should be! DO NOT downmod if a smell doesn't apply to your language or development methodology We are all different. DO NOT just quickly smash in as many as you can think of Think about the smells you want to list and get a good idea down on how to work around. DO downmod answers that just look rushed For example "dupe code - remove dupe code". Let's makes it useful (e.g. Duplicate Code - Refactor into separate methods or even classes, use these links for help on these common.. etc. etc.). DO upmod answers that you would add yourself If you wish to expand, then answer with your thoughts linking to the original answer (if it's detailed) or comment if its a minor point. DO format your answers! Help others to be able to read it, use code snippets, headings and markup to make key points stand out!

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• EF4 Code First - Many to many relationship issue

  - by Yngve B. Nilsen

  Hi! I'm having some trouble with my EF Code First model when saving a relation to a many to many relationship. My Models: public class Event { public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public virtual ICollection<Tag> Tags { get; set; } } public class Tag { public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public virtual ICollection<Event> Events { get; set; } } In my controller, I map one or many TagViewModels into type of Tag, and send it down to my servicelayer for persistence. At this time by inspecting the entities the Tag has both Id and Name (The Id is a hidden field, and the name is a textbox in my view) The problem occurs when I now try to add the Tag to the Event. Let's take the following scenario: The Event is already in my database, and let's say it already has the related tags C#, ASP.NET If I now send the following list of tags to the servicelayer: ID Name 1 C# 2 ASP.NET 3 EF4 and add them by first fetching the Event from the DB, so that I have an actual Event from my DbContext, then I simply do myEvent.Tags.Add to add the tags.. Problem is that after SaveChanges() my DB now contains this set of tags: ID Name 1 C# 2 ASP.NET 3 EF4 4 C# 5 ASP.NET This, even though my Tags that I save has it's ID set when I save it (although I didn't fetch it from the DB)

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• Elegant code question: How to avoid creating unneeded object

  - by SeaDrive

  The root of my question is that the C# compiler is too smart. It detects a path via which an object could be undefined, so demands that I fill it. In the code, I look at the tables in a DataSet to see if there is one that I want. If not, I create a new one. I know that dtOut will always be assigned a value, but the the compiler is not happy unless it's assigned a value when declared. This is inelegant. How do I rewrite this in a more elegant way? System.Data.DataTable dtOut = new System.Data.DataTable(); . . // find table with tablename = grp // if none, create new table bool bTableFound = false; foreach (System.Data.DataTable d1 in dsOut.Tables) { string d1_name = d1.TableName; if (d1_name.Equals(grp)) { dtOut = d1; bTableFound = true; break; } } if (!bTableFound) dtOut = RptTable(grp);

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• Code Golf: Numeric Ranges

  - by SLaks

  Mods: Can you please make this Community Wiki? Challenge Compactify a long list of numbers by replacing consecutive runs with ranges. Example Input 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15 Output: 1 - 4, 7, 8, 10, 12 - 15 Note that ranges of two numbers should be left as is. (7, 8; not 7 - 8) Rules You can accept a list of integers (or equivalent datatype) as a method parameter, from the commandline, or from standard in. (pick whichever option results in shorter code) You can output a list of strings by printing them, or by returning either a single string or set of strings. Reference Implementation (C#) IEnumerable<string> Sample(IList<int> input) { for (int i = 0; i < input.Count; ) { var start = input[i]; int size = 1; while (++i < input.Count && input[i] == start + size) size++; if (size == 1) yield return start.ToString(); else if (size == 2) { yield return start.ToString(); yield return (start + 1).ToString(); } else if (size > 2) yield return start + " - " + (start + size - 1); } }

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• Convert this code from C++ to C#

  - by Alhariri

  please any one convert this code from c++ to c# beacuse i dont know how to read from file in c++ please help me int DoEnDe(int c) { SDES S(key); int i,n; n=10; //Number of Rounds unsigned char ch; FILE *fp; FILE *ft; fp=fopen(tfname,"w"); ft=fopen(sfname,"r"); if (fp==NULL) { printf("\nTarget File not opened SORRY"); getch(); fclose(fp); return(0); } if (ft==NULL) { printf("\nSource File not opened SORRY"); getch(); fclose(ft); return(0); } while (fread(&ch,1,1,ft)==1) { S.OUTPUT=ch; for (i=0;i<n;i++) { if (c==1) S.DES_Encryption(S.OUTPUT); if (c==2) S.DES_Decryption(S.OUTPUT); } fwrite(&S.OUTPUT,1,1,fp); } printf("\nCompleted!!!!!"); getch(); fclose(fp); fclose(ft); return(1); }

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• Login fails when recreating database with Code First

  - by Mun

  I'm using ASP.NET Entity Framework's Code First to create my database from the model, and the login seems to fail when the database needs to be recreated after the model changes. In Global.asax, I've got the following: protected void Application_Start() { Database.SetInitializer(new DropCreateDatabaseIfModelChanges<EntriesContext>()); // ... } In my controller, I've got the following: public ActionResult Index() { // This is just to force the database to be created var context = new EntriesContext(); var all = (from e in context.Entries select e).ToList(); } When the database doesn't exist, it is created with no problems. However, when I make a change to the model, rebuild and refresh, I get the following error: Login failed for user 'sa'. My connection string looks like this: <add name="EntriesContext" connectionString="Server=(LOCAL);Database=MyDB;User Id=sa;Password=password" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" /> The login definitely works as I can connect to the server and the database from Management Studio using these credentials. If I delete the database manually, everything works correctly and the database is recreated as expected with the schema reflecting the changes made to the model. It seems like either the password or access to the database is being lost. Is there something else I need to do to get this working?

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• Code Golf: Connecting the dots

  - by ChristopheD

  Description: The input are multiple lines (terminated by a newline) which describe a 'field'. There are 'numbers' scattered across this field: the numbers always start at 1 they follow the ordering of the natural numbers: every 'next number' is incremented with 1 every number is surrounded by (at least) one whitespace on it's left and right Task: Draw lines between these numbers in their natural order (1 -> 2 -> 3 -> ...N) with the following characteristics: replace a number with a '+' character for horizontal lines: use '-' for vertical lines: use '|' going left and down or right and up: / going left and up or right and down: \ Important note: When drawing lines of type 4 and 5 you can assume that : (given points to connect with coordinates x1, y1 and x2, y2) distance(x1,x2) == distance(y1,y2). Have a look at the examples to see where you should 'attach' the lines. It is important to follow the order in which the dots are connected (newer lines can be drawn over older lines). Sample input 1 9 10 8 7 6 5 11 13 12 3 4 14 15 16 1 2 Sample output 1 /+ / | / | +/ +--+ | +\ | \ | \+ /+ | / | /+-------------+/ +---+ / | +--+ | + | +--------------------------+ Sample input 2 4 2 3 5 6 1 8 7 Sample output 2 /+ / | / | / | /+------------------+/ +--------+\ / \ +/ +--------------------------------------+ Winner: shortest solution (by code count). Input can be read via command line.

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• asp.net mvc2 - controller for master page and code organization

  - by ile

  I've just finished my first ASP.NET MVC (2) CMS. Next step is to build website that will show data from CMS's database. This is website design: #1 (Red box) - displays article categories. ViewModel: public class CategoriesDisplay { public CategoriesDisplay() { } public int CategoryID { set; get; } public string CategoryTitle { set; get; } } #2 (Brown box) - displays last x articles; skips those from green box #3. Viewmodel: public class ArticleDisplay { public ArticleDisplay() { } public int CategoryID { set; get; } public string CategoryTitle { set; get; } public int ArticleID { set; get; } public string ArticleTitle { set; get; } public string URLArticleTitle { set; get; } public DateTime ArticleDate; public string ArticleContent { set; get; } } #3 (green box) - Displays last x articles. Uses the same ViewModel as brown box #2 #4 (blue box) - Displays list of upcoming events. Uses dataContext.Model.Event as ViewModel Boxes #1, #2 and #4 will repeat all over the site and they are part of Master Page. So, my question is: what is the best way to transfer this data from Model to Controller and finally to View pages? Should I make a controller for master page and ViewModel class that will wrap all this classes together OR Should I create partial Views for every of these boxes and make each of them inherit appropriate class (if it is even possible that it works this way?) OR Should I put this repeated code in all controllers and all additional data transfer via ViewData, which would be probably the worse way :) OR There is maybe a better and more simple way but I don't know/see it? Thanks in advance, Ile EDIT: If your answer is #1, then please explain how to make a controller for master page! EDIT 2: In this tutorial is described how to pass data to master page using abstract class: http://www.asp.net/LEARN/mvc/tutorial-13-cs.aspx In "Listing 5 – Controllers\MoviesController.cs", data is retrieved directly from database using LINQ, not from repository. So, I wonder if this is just in this tutorial, or there is some trick here and repository can't/shouldn't be used?

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• The Skyline Problem.

  - by zeroDivisible

  I just came across this little problem on UVA's Online Judge and thought, that it may be a good candidate for a little code-golf. The problem: You are to design a program to assist an architect in drawing the skyline of a city given the locations of the buildings in the city. To make the problem tractable, all buildings are rectangular in shape and they share a common bottom (the city they are built in is very flat). The city is also viewed as two-dimensional. A building is specified by an ordered triple (Li, Hi, Ri) where Li and Ri are left and right coordinates, respectively, of building i and Hi is the height of the building. In the diagram below buildings are shown on the left with triples (1,11,5), (2,6,7), (3,13,9), (12,7,16), (14,3,25), (19,18,22), (23,13,29), (24,4,28) and the skyline, shown on the right, is represented by the sequence: 1, 11, 3, 13, 9, 0, 12, 7, 16, 3, 19, 18, 22, 3, 23, 13, 29, 0 The output should consist of the vector that describes the skyline as shown in the example above. In the skyline vector (v1, v2, v3, ... vn) , the vi such that i is an even number represent a horizontal line (height). The vi such that i is an odd number represent a vertical line (x-coordinate). The skyline vector should represent the "path" taken, for example, by a bug starting at the minimum x-coordinate and traveling horizontally and vertically over all the lines that define the skyline. Thus the last entry in the skyline vector will be a 0. The coordinates must be separated by a blank space. If I will not count declaration of provided (test) buildings and including all spaces and tab characters, my solution, in Python, is 223 characters long. Here is the condensed version: B=[[1,11,5],[2,6,7],[3,13,9],[12,7,16],[14,3,25],[19,18,22],[23,13,29],[24,4,28]] # Solution. R=range v=[0 for e in R(max([y[2] for y in B])+1)] for b in B: for x in R(b[0], b[2]): if b[1]>v[x]: v[x]=b[1] p=1 k=0 for x in R(len(v)): V=v[x] if p and V==0: continue elif V!=k: p=0 print "%s %s" % (str(x), str(V)), k=V I think that I didn't made any mistake but if so - feel free to criticize me. EDIT I don't have much reputation, so I will pay only 100 for a bounty - I am curious, if anyone could try to solve this in less than .. lets say, 80 characters. Solution posted by cobbal is 101 characters long and currently it is the best one. ANOTHER EDIT I thought, that 80 characters is a sick limit for this kind of problem. cobbal, with his 46 character solution totaly amazed me - though I must admit, that I spent some time reading his explanation before I partially understood what he had written.

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• Normalized class design and code first

  - by dc7a9163d9

  There are the following two classes. public class Employee { int EmployeeId { get; set; } public string FirstName { get; set; } public string LastName { get; set; } public string Street { get; set; } public string Street2 { get; set; } public string City { get; set; } public string State { get; set; } public string Zip { get; set; } } public class Company { int CompanyId { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public string Street { get; set; } public string Street2 { get; set; } public string City { get; set; } public string State { get; set; } public string Zip { get; set; } } In a DDD seminar, the speaker said the better design should be, class PersonName { public string FirstName { get; set; } public string LastName { get; set; } } class Address { public string Street { get; set; } public string Street2 { get; set; } public string City { get; set; } public string State { get; set; } public string Zip { get; set; } } public class Employee { int EmployeeId { get; set; } public PersonName Name { get; set; } [ForeignKey("EmployerAddress")] public int EmployerAddressId { get; set; } public virtual Address EmployerAddress { get; set; } } public class Company { int CompanyId { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } [ForeignKey("CompanyAddress")] public int CompanyAddressId { get; set; } public virtual Address CompanyAddress { get; set; } } Is it the optimized design? How the code first generate the PersonName table and link it to Employee?

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• Best Practices for Handing over Legacy Code

  - by PersonalNexus

  In a couple of months a colleague will be moving on to a new project and I will be inheriting one of his projects. To prepare, I have already ordered Michael Feathers' Working Effectively with Legacy Code. But this books as well as most questions on legacy code I found so far are concerned with the case of inheriting code as-is. But in this case I actually have access to the original developer and we do have some time for an orderly hand-over. Some background on the piece of code I will be inheriting: It's functioning: There are no known bugs, but as performance requirements keep going up, some optimizations will become necessary in the not too distant future. Undocumented: There is pretty much zero documentation at the method and class level. What the code is supposed to do at a higher level, though, is well-understood, because I have been writing against its API (as a black-box) for years. Only higher-level integration tests: There are only integration tests testing proper interaction with other components via the API (again, black-box). Very low-level, optimized for speed: Because this code is central to an entire system of applications, a lot of it has been optimized several times over the years and is extremely low-level (one part has its own memory manager for certain structs/records). Concurrent and lock-free: While I am very familiar with concurrent and lock-free programming and have actually contributed a few pieces to this code, this adds another layer of complexity. Large codebase: This particular project is more than ten thousand lines of code, so there is no way I will be able to have everything explained to me. Written in Delphi: I'm just going to put this out there, although I don't believe the language to be germane to the question, as I believe this type of problem to be language-agnostic. I was wondering how the time until his departure would best be spent. Here are a couple of ideas: Get everything to build on my machine: Even though everything should be checked into source code control, who hasn't forgotten to check in a file once in a while, so this should probably be the first order of business. More tests: While I would like more class-level unit tests so that when I will be making changes, any bugs I introduce can be caught early on, the code as it is now is not testable (huge classes, long methods, too many mutual dependencies). What to document: I think for starters it would be best to focus documentation on those areas in the code that would otherwise be difficult to understand e.g. because of their low-level/highly optimized nature. I am afraid there are a couple of things in there that might look ugly and in need of refactoring/rewriting, but are actually optimizations that have been out in there for a good reason that I might miss (cf. Joel Spolsky, Things You Should Never Do, Part I) How to document: I think some class diagrams of the architecture and sequence diagrams of critical functions accompanied by some prose would be best. Who to document: I was wondering what would be better, to have him write the documentation or have him explain it to me, so I can write the documentation. I am afraid, that things that are obvious to him but not me would otherwise not be covered properly. Refactoring using pair-programming: This might not be possible to do due to time constraints, but maybe I could refactor some of his code to make it more maintainable while he was still around to provide input on why things are the way they are. Please comment on and add to this. Since there isn't enough time to do all of this, I am particularly interested in how you would prioritize.

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• Code Contracts: validating arrays and collections

  - by DigiMortal

  Validating collections before using them is very common task when we use built-in generic types for our collections. In this posting I will show you how to validate collections using code contracts. It is cool how much awful looking code you can avoid using code contracts. Failing code Let’s suppose we have method that calculates sum of all invoices in collection. We have class Invoice and one of properties it has is Sum. I don’t introduce here any complex calculations on invoices because we have another problem to solve in this topic. Here is our code. public static decimal CalculateTotal(IList<Invoice> invoices) {     var sum = invoices.Sum(p => p.Sum);     return sum; } This method is very simple but it fails when invoices list contains at least one null. Of course, we can test if invoice is null but having nulls in lists like this is not good idea – it opens green way for different coding bugs in system. Our goal is to react to bugs ASAP at the nearest place they occur. There is one more way how to make our method fail. It happens when invoices is null. I thing it is also one common bugs during development and it even happens in production environments under some conditions that are usually hardly met. Now let’s protect our little calculation method with code contracts. We need two contracts: invoices cannot be null invoices cannot contain any nulls Our first contract is easy but how to write the second one? Solution: Contract.ForAll Preconditions in code are checked using Contract.Ensures method. This method takes boolean value as argument that sais if contract holds or not. There is also method Contract.ForAll that takes collection and predicate that must hold for that collection. Nice thing is ForAll returns boolean. So, we have very simple solution. public static decimal CalculateTotal(IList<Invoice> invoices) {     Contract.Requires(invoices != null);     Contract.Requires(Contract.ForAll<Invoice>(invoices, p => p != null));       var sum = invoices.Sum(p => p.Sum);     return sum; } And here are some lines of code you can use to test the contracts quickly. var invoices = new List<Invoice>(); invoices.Add(new Invoice()); invoices.Add(null); invoices.Add(new Invoice()); //CalculateTotal(null); CalculateTotal(invoices); If your code is covered with unit tests then I suggest you to write tests to check that these contracts hold for every code run. Conclusion Although it seemed at first place that checking all elements in collection may end up with for-loops that does not look so nice we were able to solve our problem nicely. ForAll method of contract class offered us simple mechanism to check collections and it does it smoothly the code-contracts-way. P.S. I suggest you also read devlicio.us blog posting Validating Collections with Code Contracts by Derik Whittaker.

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• Essbase BSO Data Fragmentation

  - by Ann Donahue

  Essbase BSO Data Fragmentation Data fragmentation naturally occurs in Essbase Block Storage (BSO) databases where there are a lot of end user data updates, incremental data loads, many lock and send, and/or many calculations executed.  If an Essbase database starts to experience performance slow-downs, this is an indication that there may be too much fragmentation.  See Chapter 54 Improving Essbase Performance in the Essbase DBA Guide for more details on measuring and eliminating fragmentation: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E17236_01/epm.1112/esb_dbag/daprcset.html Fragmentation is likely to occur in the following situations: Read/write databases that users are constantly updating data Databases that execute calculations around the clock Databases that frequently update and recalculate dense members Data loads that are poorly designed Databases that contain a significant number of Dynamic Calc and Store members Databases that use an isolation level of uncommitted access with commit block set to zero There are two types of data block fragmentation Free space tracking, which is measured using the Average Fragmentation Quotient statistic. Block order on disk, which is measured using the Average Cluster Ratio statistic. Average Fragmentation Quotient The Average Fragmentation Quotient ratio measures free space in a given database.  As you update and calculate data, empty spaces occur when a block can no longer fit in its original space and will either append at the end of the file or fit in another empty space that is large enough.  These empty spaces take up space in the .PAG files.  The higher the number the more empty spaces you have, therefore, the bigger the .PAG file and the longer it takes to traverse through the .PAG file to get to a particular record.  An Average Fragmentation Quotient value of 3.174765 means the database is 3% fragmented with free space. Average Cluster Ratio Average Cluster Ratio describes the order the blocks actually exist in the database. An Average Cluster Ratio number of 1 means all the blocks are ordered in the correct sequence in the order of the Outline.  As you load data and calculate data blocks, the sequence can start to be out of order.  This is because when you write to a block it may not be able to place back in the exact same spot in the database that it existed before.  The lower this number the more out of order it becomes and the more it affects performance.  An Average Cluster Ratio value of 1 means no fragmentation.  Any value lower than 1 i.e. 0.01032828 means the data blocks are getting further out of order from the outline order. Eliminating Data Block Fragmentation Both types of data block fragmentation can be removed by doing a dense restructure or export/clear/import of the data.  There are two types of dense restructure: 1. Implicit Restructures Implicit dense restructure happens when outline changes are done using EAS Outline Editor or Dimension Build. Essbase restructures create new .PAG files restructuring the data blocks in the .PAG files. When Essbase restructures the data blocks, it regenerates the index automatically so that index entries point to the new data blocks. Empty blocks are NOT removed with implicit restructures. 2. Explicit Restructures Explicit dense restructure happens when a manual initiation of the database restructure is executed. An explicit dense restructure is a full restructure which comprises of a dense restructure as outlined above plus the removal of empty blocks Empty Blocks vs. Fragmentation The existence of empty blocks is not considered fragmentation.  Empty blocks can be created through calc scripts or formulas.  An empty block will add to an existing database block count and will be included in the block counts of the database properties.  There are no statistics for empty blocks.  The only way to determine if empty blocks exist in an Essbase database is to record your current block count, export the entire database, clear the database then import the exported data.  If the block count decreased, the difference is the number of empty blocks that had existed in the database.

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• EF Code First to SQL Azure

  - by Predrag Pejic

  I am using EF Code First to create a database on local .\SQLEXPRESS. Among others. I have these 2 classes: public class Shop { public int ShopID { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "You must enter a name!")] [MaxLength(25, ErrorMessage = "Name must be 25 characters or less")] public string Name { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "You must enter an address!")] [MaxLength(30, ErrorMessage = "Address must be 30 characters or less")] public string Address { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "You must enter a valid city name!")] [MaxLength(30, ErrorMessage = "City name must be 30 characters or less")] public string City { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "You must enter a phone number!")] [MaxLength(14, ErrorMessage = "Phone number must be 14 characters or less")] public string Phone { get; set; } [MaxLength(100, ErrorMessage = "Description must be 50 characters or less")] public string Description { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "You must enter a WorkTime!")] public DateTime WorkTimeBegin { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "You must enter a WorkTime!")] public DateTime WorkTimeEnd { get; set; } public DateTime? SaturdayWorkTimeBegin { get; set; } public DateTime? SaturdayWorkTimeEnd { get; set; } public DateTime? SundayWorkTimeBegin { get; set; } public DateTime? SundayWorkTimeEnd { get; set; } public int ShoppingPlaceID { get; set; } public virtual ShoppingPlace ShoppingPlace { get; set; } public virtual ICollection<Category> Categories { get; set; } } public class ShoppingPlace { [Key] public int ShopingplaceID { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "You must enter a name!")] [MaxLength(25, ErrorMessage = "Name must be 25 characters or less")] public string Name { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "You must enter an address!")] [MaxLength(50, ErrorMessage = "Address must be 50 characters or less")] public string Address { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "You must enter a city name!")] [MaxLength(30, ErrorMessage = "City must be 30 characters or less")] public string City { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings = false, ErrorMessage = "You must enter a valid phone number!")] [MaxLength(14, ErrorMessage = "Phone number must be 14 characters or less")] public string Phone { get; set; } public int ShoppingCenterID { get; set; } public virtual ShoppingCenter ShoppingCenter { get; set; } public virtual ICollection<Shop> Shops { get; set; } } and a method in DbContext: modelBuilder.Entity<Item>() .HasRequired(p => p.Category) .WithMany(a => a.Items) .HasForeignKey(a => a.CategoryID) .WillCascadeOnDelete(false); modelBuilder.Entity<Category>() .HasRequired(a => a.Shop) .WithMany(a => a.Categories) .HasForeignKey(a => a.ShopID) .WillCascadeOnDelete(false); modelBuilder.Entity<Shop>() .HasOptional(a => a.ShoppingPlace) .WithMany(a => a.Shops) .HasForeignKey(a => a.ShoppingPlaceID) .WillCascadeOnDelete(false); modelBuilder.Entity<ShoppingPlace>() .HasOptional(a => a.ShoppingCenter) .WithMany(a => a.ShoppingPlaces) .HasForeignKey(a => a.ShoppingCenterID) .WillCascadeOnDelete(false); Why I can't create Shop without creating and populating ShopingPlace. How to achieve that? EDIT: Tried with: modelBuilder.Entity<Shop>() .HasOptional(a => a.ShoppingPlace) .WithOptionalPrincipal(); modelBuilder.Entity<ShoppingPlace>() .HasOptional(a => a.ShoppingCenter) .WithOptionalPrincipal(); and it passed, but what is the difference? And why in SQL Server i am allowed to see ShoppingPlaceID and ShoppingPlace_ShopingPlaceID when in the case of Item and Category i see only one?

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• Review my ASP.NET Authentication code.

  - by Niels Bosma

  I have had some problems with authentication in ASP.NET. I'm not used most of the built in authentication in .NET. I gotten some complaints from users using Internet Explorer (any version - may affect other browsers as well) that the login process proceeds but when redirected they aren't authenticated and are bounced back to loginpage (pages that require authentication check if logged in and if not redirect back to loginpage). Can this be a cookie problem? Do I need to check if cookies are enabled by the user? What's the best way to build authentication if you have a custom member table and don't want to use ASP.NET login controls? Here my current code: using System; using System.Linq; using MyCompany; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using MyCompany.DAL; using MyCompany.Globalization; using MyCompany.DAL.Logs; using MyCompany.Logging; namespace MyCompany { public class Auth { public class AuthException : Exception { public int StatusCode = 0; public AuthException(string message, int statusCode) : base(message) { StatusCode = statusCode; } } public class EmptyEmailException : AuthException { public EmptyEmailException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_EMPTY_EMAIL, 6) { } } public class EmptyPasswordException : AuthException { public EmptyPasswordException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_EMPTY_PASSWORD, 7) { } } public class WrongEmailException : AuthException { public WrongEmailException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_WRONG_EMAIL, 2) { } } public class WrongPasswordException : AuthException { public WrongPasswordException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_WRONG_PASSWORD, 3) { } } public class InactiveAccountException : AuthException { public InactiveAccountException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_INACTIVE_ACCOUNT, 5) { } } public class EmailNotValidatedException : AuthException { public EmailNotValidatedException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_EMAIL_NOT_VALIDATED, 4) { } } private readonly string CLIENT_KEY = "9A751E0D-816F-4A92-9185-559D38661F77"; private readonly string CLIENT_USER_KEY = "0CE2F700-1375-4B0F-8400-06A01CED2658"; public Client Client { get { if(!IsAuthenticated) return null; if(HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_KEY]==null) { HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_KEY] = ClientMethods.Get<Client>((Guid)ClientId); } return (Client)HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_KEY]; } } public ClientUser ClientUser { get { if (!IsAuthenticated) return null; if (HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_USER_KEY] == null) { HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_USER_KEY] = ClientUserMethods.GetByClientId((Guid)ClientId); } return (ClientUser)HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_USER_KEY]; } } public Boolean IsAuthenticated { get; set; } public Guid? ClientId { get { if (!IsAuthenticated) return null; return (Guid)HttpContext.Current.Session["ClientId"]; } } public Guid? ClientUserId { get { if (!IsAuthenticated) return null; return ClientUser.Id; } } public int ClientTypeId { get { if (!IsAuthenticated) return 0; return Client.ClientTypeId; } } public Auth() { if (HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated) { IsAuthenticated = true; } } public void RequireClientOfType(params int[] types) { if (!(IsAuthenticated && types.Contains(ClientTypeId))) { HttpContext.Current.Response.Redirect((new UrlFactory(false)).GetHomeUrl(), true); } } public void Logout() { Logout(true); } public void Logout(Boolean redirect) { FormsAuthentication.SignOut(); IsAuthenticated = false; HttpContext.Current.Session["ClientId"] = null; HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_KEY] = null; HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_USER_KEY] = null; if(redirect) HttpContext.Current.Response.Redirect((new UrlFactory(false)).GetHomeUrl(), true); } public void Login(string email, string password, bool autoLogin) { Logout(false); email = email.Trim().ToLower(); password = password.Trim(); int status = 1; LoginAttemptLog log = new LoginAttemptLog { AutoLogin = autoLogin, Email = email, Password = password }; try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(email)) throw new EmptyEmailException(); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(password)) throw new EmptyPasswordException(); ClientUser clientUser = ClientUserMethods.GetByEmailExcludingProspects(email); if (clientUser == null) throw new WrongEmailException(); if (!clientUser.Password.Equals(password)) throw new WrongPasswordException(); Client client = clientUser.Client; if (!(bool)client.PreRegCheck) throw new EmailNotValidatedException(); if (!(bool)client.Active || client.DeleteFlag.Equals("y")) throw new InactiveAccountException(); FormsAuthentication.SetAuthCookie(client.Id.ToString(), true); HttpContext.Current.Session["ClientId"] = client.Id; log.KeyId = client.Id; log.KeyEntityId = ClientMethods.GetEntityId(client.ClientTypeId); } catch (AuthException ax) { status = ax.StatusCode; log.Success = status == 1; log.Status = status; } finally { LogRecorder.Record(log); } } } }

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• Code review - PHP syntax error unexpected $end

  - by dtufano

  Hey guys! I keep getting a syntax error (unexpected $end), and I've isolated it to this chunk of code. I can't for the life of me see any closure issues. It's probably something obvious but I'm going nutty trying to find it. Would appreciate an additional set of eyes. function generate_pagination( $base_url, $num_items, $per_page, $start_item, $add_prevnext_text = TRUE ) { global $lang; if ( $num_items == 0 ) { } else { $total_pages = ceil( $num_items / $per_page ); if ( $total_pages == 1 ) { return ""; } $on_page = floor( $start_item / $per_page ) + 1; $page_string = ""; if ( 8 < $total_pages ) { $init_page_max = 2 < $total_pages ? 2 : $total_pages; $i = 1; for ( ; $i < $init_page_max + 1; ++$i ) { $page_string .= $i == $on_page ? "<font face='verdana' size='2'><b>[{$i}]</b></font>" : "<a href=\"".$base_url."&amp;offset=".( $i - 1 ) * $per_page."\">{$i}</a>"; if ( $i < $init_page_max ) { $page_string .= ", "; } } if ( 2 < $total_pages ) { if ( 1 < $on_page && $on_page < $total_pages ) { $page_string .= 4 < $on_page ? " ... " : ", "; $init_page_min = 3 < $on_page ? $on_page : 4; $init_page_max = $on_page < $total_pages - 3 ? $on_page : $total_pages - 3; $i = $init_page_min - 1; for ( ; $i < $init_page_max + 2; ++$i ) { $page_string .= $i == $on_page ? "<font face='verdana' size='2'><b>[{$i}]</b></font>" : "<a href=\"".$base_url."&amp;offset=".( $i - 1 ) * $per_page."\">{$i}</a>"; if ( $i < $init_page_max + 1 ) { $page_string .= ", "; } } $page_string .= $on_page < $total_pages - 3 ? " ... " : ", "; } else { $page_string .= " ... "; } $i = $total_pages - 1; for ( ; $i < $total_pages + 1; ++$i ) { $page_string .= $i == $on_page ? "<font face='verdana' size='2'><b>[{$i}]</b></font>" : "<a href=\"".$base_url."&amp;offset=".( $i - 1 ) * $per_page."\">{$i}</a>"; if ( $i < $total_pages ) { $page_string .= ", "; } } continue; } } else { do { $i = 1; for ( ; $i < $total_pages + 1; ++$i) { $page_string .= $i == $on_page ? "<font face='verdana' size='2'><b>[{$i}]</b></font>" : "<a href=\"".$base_url."&amp;offset=".( $i - 1 ) * $per_page."\">{$i}</a>"; if ( $i < $total_pages ) { $page_string .= ", "; break; } } } while (0); if ( 1 < $on_page ) { $page_string = " <font size='2'><a href=\"".$base_url."&amp;offset=".( $on_page - 2 ) * $per_page."\">"."&laquo;"."</a></font>&nbsp;&nbsp;".$page_string; } if ( $on_page < $total_pages ) { $page_string .= "&nbsp;&nbsp;<font size='2'><a href=\"".$base_url."&amp;offset=".$on_page * $per_page."\">"."&raquo;"."</a></font>"; } $page_string = "Pages ({$total_pages}):"." ".$page_string; return $page_string; } }

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• Code Access Security and Sharepoint WebParts

  - by Gordon Carpenter-Thompson

  I've got a vague handle on how Code Access Security works in Sharepoint. I have developed a custom webpart and setup a CAS policy in my Manifest <CodeAccessSecurity> <PolicyItem> <PermissionSet class="NamedPermissionSet" version="1" Description="Permission set for Okana"> <IPermission class="Microsoft.SharePoint.Security.SharePointPermission, Microsoft.SharePoint.Security, Version=12.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c" version="1" ObjectModel="True" Impersonate="True" /> <IPermission class="SecurityPermission" version="1" Flags="Assertion, Execution, ControlThread, ControlPrincipal, RemotingConfiguration" /> <IPermission class="AspNetHostingPermission" version="1" Level="Medium" /> <IPermission class="DnsPermission" version="1" Unrestricted="true" /> <IPermission class="EventLogPermission" version="1" Unrestricted="true"> <Machine name="localhost" access="Administer" /> </IPermission> <IPermission class="EnvironmentPermission" version="1" Unrestricted="true" /> <IPermission class="System.Configuration.ConfigurationPermission, System.Configuration, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" version="1" Unrestricted="true"/> <IPermission class="System.Net.WebPermission, System, Version=1.0.5000.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" version="1" Unrestricted="true" /> <IPermission class="System.Net.WebPermission, System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" Unrestricted="true" /> <IPermission class="System.Security.Permissions.FileIOPermission, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" version="1" Unrestricted="true" PathDiscovery="*AllFiles*" /> <IPermission class="IsolatedStorageFilePermission" version="1" Allowed="AssemblyIsolationByUser" UserQuota="9223372036854775807" /> <IPermission class="PrintingPermission" version="1" Level="DefaultPrinting" /> <IPermission class="PerformanceCounterPermission" version="1"> <Machine name="localhost"> <Category name="Enterprise Library Caching Counters" access="Write"/> <Category name="Enterprise Library Cryptography Counters" access="Write"/> <Category name="Enterprise Library Data Counters" access="Write"/> <Category name="Enterprise Library Exception Handling Counters" access="Write"/> <Category name="Enterprise Library Logging Counters" access="Write"/> <Category name="Enterprise Library Security Counters" access="Write"/> </Machine> </IPermission> <IPermission class="ReflectionPermission" version="1" Unrestricted="true"/> <IPermission class="SecurityPermission" version="1" Flags="SerializationFormatter, UnmanagedCode, Infrastructure, Assertion, Execution, ControlThread, ControlPrincipal, RemotingConfiguration, ControlAppDomain,ControlDomainPolicy" /> <IPermission class="SharePointPermission" version="1" ObjectModel="True" /> <IPermission class="SmtpPermission" version="1" Access="Connect" /> <IPermission class="SqlClientPermission" version="1" Unrestricted="true"/> <IPermission class="WebPartPermission" version="1" Connections="True" /> <IPermission class="WebPermission" version="1"> <ConnectAccess> <URI uri="$OriginHost$"/> </ConnectAccess> </IPermission> </PermissionSet> <Assemblies> .... </Assemblies> This is correctly converted into a wss_custom_wss_minimaltrust.config when it is deployed onto the Sharepoint server and mostly works. To get the WebPart working fully, however I find that I need to modify the wss_custom_wss_minimaltrust.config by hand after deployment and set Unrestricted="true" on the permissions set <PermissionSet class="NamedPermissionSet" version="1" Description="Permission set for MyApp" Name="mywebparts.wsp-86d8cae1-7db2-4057-8c17-dc551adb17a2-1"> to <PermissionSet class="NamedPermissionSet" version="1" Description="Permission set for MyApp" Name="mywebparts.wsp-86d8cae1-7db2-4057-8c17-dc551adb17a2-1" Unrestricted="true"> It's all because I'm loading a User Control from the webpart. I don't believe there is a way to enable that using CAS but am willing to be proven wrong. Is there a way to set something in the manifest so I don't need to make this fix by hand? Thanks

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• Generate automated builds for source code from multiple branches using Team Foundation Server and Te

  Generate automated builds for source code from multiple branches using Team Foundation Server and Team Builds

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• Code Generator - Data access layer generator for .NET SQL data Client

  to generate Code files for SQL Data Provider

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