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• Device cannot be added on software-raid-1 array on Ubuntu 12.04

  - by George Pligor

  Unfortunately all tutorials I have found online until now on how to setup software-raid-1 are outdated on ubuntu 12.40 My target is to setup it on a system with a secondary disk drive that is already running. Format is not an option! I am trying to follow and adapt from 11.10 to 12.04 the following tutorial: http://www.howtoforge.com/how-to-set-up-software-raid1-on-a-running-lvm-system-incl-grub2-configuration-ubuntu-11.10-p2 On the above tutorial there is a successful command which creates a raid-1 array by setting the first disk drive with the installed system as missing: mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-disks=2 missing /dev/sdb1 But when the time comes to add the first main drive with the installed system on the raid-array with this command: mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sda1 I receive an error message. The error message says that the device /dev/sda is (which makes sense) busy! Note: hardware raid solution is not available since the system is a laptop with two disk drives! Thank you

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• SSH broken after hostname change on EC2-hosted Ubuntu

  - by dimadima

  I changed my instance's hostname using the hostname utility and then set it in /etc/hostname so that the new name survives reboot. My main motivation was for differentiating between instances at the prompt using the \h format in PS1. EDIT I also changed permissions on my home directory. I made my home directory group writeable. END EDIT Now I can no longer SSH into the machine. The short of it is the error Permission denied (publickey). Running ssh -v, the more verbose output is: debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /Users/dmitry/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /Users/dmitry/.ssh/ec2key.pem debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: No more authentication methods to try. Permission denied (publickey). Should I have done something after changing the hostname? Now I can't get into the instance! :(

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• Diagnosing packet loss / high latency in Ubuntu

  - by Sam Gammon

  We have a Linux box (Ubuntu 12.04) running Nginx (1.5.2), which acts as a reverse proxy/load balancer to some Tornado and Apache hosts. The upstream servers are physically and logically close (same DC, sometimes same-rack) and show sub-millisecond latency between them: PING appserver (10.xx.xx.112) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from appserver (10.xx.xx.112): icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.180 ms 64 bytes from appserver (10.xx.xx.112): icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.165 ms 64 bytes from appserver (10.xx.xx.112): icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.153 ms We receive a sustained load of about 500 requests per second, and are currently seeing regular packet loss / latency spikes from the Internet, even from basic pings: sam@AM-KEEN ~> ping -c 1000 loadbalancer PING 50.xx.xx.16 (50.xx.xx.16): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=0 ttl=56 time=11.624 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=1 ttl=56 time=10.494 ms ... many packets later ... Request timeout for icmp_seq 2 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=1536.516 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=3 ttl=56 time=536.907 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=4 ttl=56 time=9.389 ms ... many packets later ... Request timeout for icmp_seq 919 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=918 ttl=56 time=2932.571 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=919 ttl=56 time=1932.174 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=920 ttl=56 time=932.018 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=921 ttl=56 time=6.157 ms --- 50.xx.xx.16 ping statistics --- 1000 packets transmitted, 997 packets received, 0.3% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 5.119/52.712/2932.571/224.629 ms The pattern is always the same: things operate fine for a while (<20ms), then a ping drops completely, then three or four high-latency pings (1000ms), then it settles down again. Traffic comes in through a bonded public interface (we will call it bond0) configured as such: bond0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:xx:xx:xx:xx:5d inet addr:50.xx.xx.16 Bcast:50.xx.xx.31 Mask:255.255.255.224 inet6 addr: <ipv6 address> Scope:Global inet6 addr: <ipv6 address> Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:527181270 errors:1 dropped:4 overruns:0 frame:1 TX packets:413335045 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:240016223540 (240.0 GB) TX bytes:104301759647 (104.3 GB) Requests are then submitted via HTTP to upstream servers on the private network (we can call it bond1), which is configured like so: bond1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:xx:xx:xx:xx:5c inet addr:10.xx.xx.70 Bcast:10.xx.xx.127 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: <ipv6 address> Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:430293342 errors:1 dropped:2 overruns:0 frame:1 TX packets:466983986 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:77714410892 (77.7 GB) TX bytes:227349392334 (227.3 GB) Output of uname -a: Linux <hostname> 3.5.0-42-generic #65~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Oct 2 20:57:18 UTC 2013 x86_64 GNU/Linux We have customized sysctl.conf in an attempt to fix the problem, with no success. Output of /etc/sysctl.conf (with irrelevant configs omitted): # net: core net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000 # net: ipv4 stack net.ipv4.tcp_ecn = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_fack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_no_metrics_save = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 10000 net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = cubic net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 8000 65535 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_thin_dupack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_thin_linear_timeouts = 1 net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 99999999 net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_established = 300 Output of dmesg -d, with non-ICMP UFW messages suppressed: [508315.349295 < 19.852453>] [UFW BLOCK] IN=bond1 OUT= MAC=<mac addresses> SRC=118.xx.xx.143 DST=50.xx.xx.16 LEN=68 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=43221 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=1 [SRC=50.xx.xx.16 DST=118.xx.xx.143 LEN=40 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=249 ID=10220 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=80 DPT=53817 WINDOW=8190 RES=0x00 ACK FIN URGP=0 ] [517787.732242 < 0.443127>] Peer 190.xx.xx.131:59705/80 unexpectedly shrunk window 1155488866:1155489425 (repaired) How can I go about diagnosing the cause of this problem, on a Debian-family Linux box?

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• Ubuntu 12.04 on VMware Player loses network configuration

  - by d4ryl3

  I've been having this issue for 2 weeks now with my VMware Player-hosted Ubuntu 12.04. I only use it for my LAMP stack. I've had no issues with it before until about 2 weeks ago when it almost always (once per day at least) loses its network configuration. On boot it shows: Waiting for network configuration... Waiting up to 60 more seconds for network configuration... Booting system without full network configuration... Then when I do ifconfig -a it doesn't show an IP Address and couldn't get online. The only resolutions I've found so far was either to reinstall VMware Tools or use the VMware Player installer and choose Repair. This is frustrating to me because even when the issue was resolved after doing either of the steps I mentioned, the IP Address gets changed. Then I'd have to update the Remote Configuration of my IDE (Netbeans) and my database manager. What could possible cause this? Please help. Thank you. Additional details: I'm using a laptop with Windows 7 and connected to the office WiFi, which is unrestricted as far as I know. Thanks again.

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• Ubuntu not connecting to network in Hyper-V

  - by soandos

  I am unable to connect the Ubuntu guest (both 12.10 and 12.04) to the internet via hyper-V. Here is what I have done so far (with much thanks due to @Kronos's blog post on the topic): Created a switch in the switch manager with connection set to external, selected my wifi card (Intel Centrino Ultimate-N 6300 AGN). If it matters, the Microsoft Filtering Platform is checked under extensions. Added this switch to my Ubuntu guest. I also tried a different wireless card (Aethros 9285) same issue. Connecting through my wired card works just fine (assume that I select that card, and I am wired in of course). Making it a legacy network adapter does not fix the issue. Ubuntu can see this connection, but is unable to connect to it. What follows is what I attempted to do to get Ubuntu to connect: Start and restart the network manager Restart the machine Verify that it could in fact see the adapter (resulted in device not ready a few times) How can I get this to work properly?

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• How to mount /tmp in /mnt on EC2?

  - by Claudio Poli

  I was wondering what is the best way to mount the /tmp endpoint in the ephemeral storage /mnt on an EC2 instance and give the ubuntu user default write permissions. Some suggest editing /etc/rc.local this way: mkdir -p /mnt/tmp && mount --bind -o nobootwait /mnt/tmp /tmp However that doesn't work for me (files differs). I tried editing the default fstab entry: /dev/xvdb /mnt auto defaults,nobootwait,comment=cloudconfig 0 2 replacing /mnt with /tmp and and giving it a umask=0777, however it doesn't work because of cloudconfig. I'm using Ubuntu 12.04. Thanks.

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• How to find cause of main file system going to read only mode

  - by user606521

  Ubuntu 12.04 File system goes to readonly mode frequently. First of all I have read this question file system is going into read only mode frequently already. But I have to know if it's not caused by something else than dying hard drive. This is server provided by my client and I am just runing there some node.js workers + one node.js server and I am using mongodb. From time to time (every 20-50h) system suddenly makes filesystem read only, mongodb process fails (due read-only fs) and my node workers/server (which are started by forever) are just killed. Here is the log from dmesg - I can see there some errors and messages that FS is going to read-only, and there is also some JOURNAL error but I would like to find cause of those errors.. http://speedy.sh/Ux2VV/dmesg.log.txt edit smartctl -t long /dev/sda smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.5.0-23-generic] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability. A mandatory SMART command failed: exiting. To continue, add one or more '-T permissive' options. What I am doing wrong? Same is for sda2. Morover now when I type any command that not exists in shell I get this: Sorry, command-not-found has crashed! Please file a bug report at: https://bugs.launchpad.net/command-not-found/+filebug Please include the following information with the report:

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• nginx starts up before apache

  - by paullb

  I've been fumbling through setting up redmine on a unbuntu (12.04) box and somewhere along the line NginX got set up and now apache no longer loads because nginx has already grabbed the port. I tried removing NginX with the below command but that didn't seem to make any difference. When I restarted the server and pointed my web browser I still got the "Welcome to NginX" message sudo apt-get purge nginx I have confirmed that NginX is gone because when I run the above now I get as an output Package nginx is not installed, so not removed Yet everytime I start the machine it is running again. I noticed the following for the running processes (if that is helpful) root 923 0.0 0.0 76784 1280 ? Ss 03:00 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx www-data 925 0.0 0.0 77092 1704 ? S 03:00 0:00 nginx: worker process www-data 926 0.0 0.1 77092 2204 ? S 03:00 0:00 nginx: worker process www-data 927 0.0 0.0 77092 1704 ? S 03:00 0:00 nginx: worker process www-data 928 0.0 0.0 77092 1704 ? S 03:00 0:00 nginx: worker process Any advice for bringing back apache2 as the "default" (for lack of a better term) web server?

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• DNS configuration issues. Clients inside network unable to resolve DNS server's name

  - by hydroparadise

  Setup the DNS service on Ubuntu 12.04 64 and all apears to be well except that my dhcp clients do not recognize my DNS servers hostname. When doing a nslookup on one of my Windows clients, I get C:\Users\chad>nslookup Default Server: UnKnown Address: 192.168.1.2 Where I would expect the FQDN in the spot where UnKnown is seen. The DNS server know's itself pretty well, but I think only because I have an entry in the /etc/hosts file to resolve. There's so many places to look I don't even know where to begin. Are there any logs I can look at? Something. Places I've looked at and configured: /etc/bind/zones/domain.com.db /etc/bind/zones/rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa /etc/bind/named.conf.local EDIT: '/etc/bind/zones/rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa' @ IN SOA dns-serv1.mydomain.com [email protected]. ( 2006081401; 28800; 604800; 604800; 86400 ) IN NS dns-serv1.mydomain.com. 2 IN PTR dns-serv1 2 IN PTR mydomain.com EDIT 2: '/etc/bind/named.conf.local' zone "mydomain.com" { type master; file "/etc/bind/zones/mydomain.com.db"; }; zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/zones/rev.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa"; };

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• Path of md device wrong after reboot

  - by flammi88

  I have to set up a software raid (level1) on a Ubuntu server 12.04. It should serve files in the network via Samba. The server has the following disks: 250gb Sata hdd (Ubuntu is installed on that drive) 2 TB Sata hdd (first disk in raid array, data disk) 2 TB Sata hdd (second data disk) I created one partition on every data disk with the type Linux raid autodetect. In the second step I created the raid1 with the following command: mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 After that, I added the array to the mdconf: mdadm --examine --scan >> /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf The problem is: After a reboot the array is not available on the path /dev/md0. Instead of that it gets reassembled as /dev/md/0 but it is not very reliable. Has anybody a solution for this issue?

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• Elasticsearch won't start anymore

  - by Oleander

  I restarted my elasticsearch instance 5 days ago and I haven't manage to start it since then. I get no output in the log file /var/log/elasticsearch/ nor does the elasticsearch binary print any information when running at using elasticsearch -f. I once manage to get this output. [2012-11-15 22:51:18,427][INFO ][node ] [Piper] {0.19.11}[29584]: initializing ... [2012-11-15 22:51:18,433][INFO ][plugins ] [Piper] loaded [], sites [] Running curl http://localhost:9200 resulted in curl: (7) couldn't connect to host. I've tried increasing the memory from 3gb to 10gb, but that didn't make any diffrence. Running /etc/init.d/elasticsearch start takes 30 seconds. ps aux | grep elasticsearch results in this output. /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/exec/elasticsearch-linux-x86-64 /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/elasticsearch.conf wrapper.syslog.ident=elasticsearch wrapper.pidfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.pid wrapper.name=elasticsearch wrapper.displayname=ElasticSearch wrapper.daemonize=TRUE wrapper.statusfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.status wrapper.java.statusfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.java.status wrapper.script.version=3.5.14 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java -Delasticsearch-service -Des.path.home=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch -Xss256k -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75 -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Djava.awt.headless=true -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.library.path=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/lib -classpath /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/lib/wrapper.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/elasticsearch-0.19.11.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/elasticsearch-0.19.11.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/jna-3.3.0.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-analyzers-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-core-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-highlighter-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-memory-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-queries-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/sigar/sigar-1.6.4.jar -Dwrapper.key=k7r81VpK3_Bb3N_5 -Dwrapper.port=32000 -Dwrapper.jvm.port.min=31000 -Dwrapper.jvm.port.max=31999 -Dwrapper.disable_console_input=TRUE -Dwrapper.pid=23888 -Dwrapper.version=3.5.14 -Dwrapper.native_library=wrapper -Dwrapper.service=TRUE -Dwrapper.cpu.timeout=10 -Dwrapper.jvmid=1 org.tanukisoftware.wrapper.WrapperSimpleApp org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.ElasticSearchF My current system: ElasticSearch Version: 0.19.11, JVM: 23.2-b09 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS I've tried re-install elasticsearch, removing old directories. Why can't I get it to start?

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• ubuntu hardrive repartition without uninstalling ubuntu or windows 7 and losing data of hardrive

  - by user141692

  I have and asus r500v with 750 gb gpt system uefi motherboard core i7 3610qm, nvidia geforce gt, with ubuntu and w7 dual boot, I had problems installing ubuntu because of the grub but I fix it with https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/807801, but I still have the problem of "warning: the partition is misaligned by 3072 bytes. this may result iin very poor performance. Repartitioning is suggested" in every linux partitioin I made and my 750 gb is not being used at the maximun capacity it only uses 698 gb. I want to make partitions so that the warning doesnt show up and I can use the maximum capacity of the HDD, as I did with another dual boot laptop (compaq presario cq40). I have the following partitions: unknown 1.0Mb: partition type: lynux Basic DAta partition, device: /dev/sda2 Usage: --, Partition flags: --, partition label:-- warning: the partition is misaligned by 3072 bytes. this may result in very poor performance. repartitioning is suggested. -system 210 Mb FAt, usage: Filesystem, partition type: EFI system Partition, Partition Flags:--, Label: system, Device: /dev/sda1, partition label: EFI system partition, Capacity 210MB, avilable:--, Mount Point: mounted at /boot/efi -134 Mb NTFS, usage: filesystem, partition type: linux basic data partition, partition flags:.--, device: /dev/sda7, partition label: --, capacity: 134MB,available:--, mount point: not mounted -OS 250 GB NTFS, usage: file system, partititon type: linux basic data partition, partition flags: --, type: NTFS, label: OS, device: /dev/sda3, partition label: basic data partition, capacity: 250 GB, available:-, mount point: not mounted -10GB FAT 32, usage: filesystem, partition type: EFI system partition, partition flags:--, type: FAT 32, label: --, device: /dev/sda4, partition label: --, capacity: 10GB, available:--, mount point: not mounted warning: the partition is misaligned by 3072 bytes. this may result in very poor performance. repartitioning is suggested. -10gb ext 4, usage: file system, partition type: linux basic data partition, partition flags:--, type: EXT4(version1) label:--, device: /dev/sda9, partition label:--, capacity: 10 GB, available:--, mount point at / warning: the partition is misaligned by 1536 bytes. this may result in very poor performance. repartitioning is suggested. -478GB ext4, usage: filesystem, partition type: linux basic data partition, partition flags:--, type: EXT4, label:--, device: /dev/sda5, partition label:--, capacity: 478gb, available:--, mount point: mounted at /home warning: the partition is misaligned by 512 bytes. this may result in very poor performance. repartitioning is suggested. -2.0gb Swap 2.0Gb, usage: swap space, partition type: linux swap partitioin, partition flags:-, device: /dev/sda6, partition label: capacity: 2.0gb warning: the partition is misaligned by 512 bytes. this may result in very poor performance. repartitioning is suggested. and as you can see it is not well organized so please help me to organize the partitions witahout uninstalling the w7, and if possible the grub2

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• Black screen on Ubuntu 12.04

  - by user1648371

  I've just upgraded to Ubuntu 12.04 and I'm experiencing some problems. The first thing I noticed is that when I click the Workspace switcher all I get is a black screen (I can guess where the different workspaces are located and clicked on them, not a practical solution though). In addition when I lock the screen or suspend the laptop (a Vaio VPCEB4M1E) I get a shifted screen (I see the right most vertical stripe on the left size of the monitor and nothing about all the rest, to put it clearly I can see the gear that allows me to turn the pc off, etc, but not much more..) when I go to the additional driver menu I see the "ATI/AMD proprietary FGLRX graphics driver" are installed and the post-release update version is available. I don't know if the problem is driver related, so before doing anything I'd like to get some suggestions from you guys. Thanks you!

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• "No version information available" - After installing Postgres

  - by intellidiot

  I have installed Postgres 9.1.4 on an Ubuntu 12.04 (precise) 64-bit from here http://www.openscg.com/se/postgresql/packages.jsp, but right after installing many commands (programs) are throwing these following warnings in different combinations: /opt/postgres/9.1/lib/libxml2.so.2: no version information available /opt/postgres/9.1/lib/libcrypto.so.1.0.0: no version information available /opt/postgres/9.1/lib/libssl.so.1.0.0: no version information available Though this is not restricting anything, this is often getting very annoying. Is there a way to get rid of this without uninstalling Postgres?

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• Horde complains that Imp is not running

  - by Eric J.

  I'm a mostly-Windows guy tasked with setting up email on an Ubuntu 12.04 instance at AWS and hit the following error: When I browse to Horde, after entering my administrative credentials, I get the error message: A fatal error has occurred imp is not activated. Details have been logged for the administrator. I am following the following, quite detailed guide http://www.exratione.com/2012/05/a-mailserver-on-ubuntu-1204-postfix-dovecot-mysql/ This is happening at Step 20, at the text Now fire up you web browser and navigate to your server at http://mail.example.com/ to verify that you can log in as the configured administrative mail user. (of course I used my actual domain). Questions Where is Horde logging the "details"? Any thoughts on why this might happen? I found Google hits suggesting that php5-mcrypt might be missing, but I verified it is installed and up-to-date in my case.

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• Creating mdraid device on top of other existing mdraid devices

  - by Dmitriusan

  I'm considering creating something like "hierarchical raid" and wondering whether it is possible using pure mdraid. Moreover, I'm going to boot from this device. I'm using Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS with Grub2 bootloader. Motivation behind doing that is: I have 4 x 1tb 7200rpm disks. Two are newer and faster (up to 200mb/sec) and other two are slower (up to 140mb/sec). I want to create RAID-0 device from them. When creating such RAID-0 directly from 4 hard disks, I get summary speed up to ~480mb/sec. That is roughly 4*120mb/sec, so RAID-0 works with speed of the slowest device. I have an idea to create a separate RAID-0 md0 device from 500gb partitions of slower hard disks. Theoretically, this md0 device will have speed 2*140=240~280mb/sec. After that, I'm going to add this md0 device to RAID-0 with faster disks, finishing with up to 3*200=600mb/sec. Stripe-width for this raid will be 2x times bigger than for underlying raid with slow disks. Questions are: is it possible or I'm missing something? will that work as expected? can I boot from such consolidated raid device? any better ideas? any pitfalls? I don't want to use fakeraid for consolidating slow disks for multiple reasons (portability, ability to customize parameters and so on). PS Speed is needed for home virtualization server and just for experience/fun. Reliability is provided via regular automatic backups to a separate device. PPS I considered also using different stripe-width for hard disks with different speed in single raid, but mdraid does not seem to support that.

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• Can't find disk usage in one directory

  - by Xster

  Similar questions are asked frequently but no suggested answers solved my issue. I have some disk space usage that I can't find as well. In df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 144183992 136857180 2652 100% / udev 2013316 4 2013312 1% /dev tmpfs 808848 876 807972 1% /run none 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock none 2022116 76 2022040 1% /run/shm overflow 1024 0 1024 0% /tmp I checked the inodes, I checked lsof for +L1 or deleted files, I rebooted, I checked for files hidden behind mounts but none of them were the issue. It grows periodically and I'm running out of things to delete to feed the beast. It's all in the home directory of the only user I have. In du in ~ du -h --max-depth=1 192K ./.nv 2.1M ./.gconf 12K ./Pictures 1.6M ./.launchpadlib 12K ./Public 24K ./.TemporaryItems 8.9M ./.cache 12K ./Network Trash Folder 28K ./.vnc 11M ./.AppleDB 48K ./.subversion 1.9G ./.xbmc 8.0K ./.AppleDesktop 12K ./.dbus 81M ./.mozilla 12K ./Music 160K ./.gnome2 44K ./Downloads 692K ./.zsh 236K ./.AppleDouble 64K ./.pulse 4.0K ./.gvfs 1.4M ./.adobe 44K ./.pki 44K ./.compiz-1 168K ./.config 1.4M ./.thumbnails 12K ./Templates 912K ./.gstreamer-0.10 8.0K ./.emacs.d 92K ./Desktop 1.3M ./.local 12K ./Ubuntu One 12K ./Documents 296K ./.fontconfig 12K ./.qt 12K ./.gnome2_private 20K ./.ssh 20K ./.mission-control 12K ./Videos 12K ./Temporary Items 640K ./.macromedia 124G . I can't find a way to figure out how it got to that 124G in that directory. There are no mount points in home.

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• Route forwarded traffic through eth0 but local traffic through tun0

  - by Ross Patterson

  I have a Ubuntu 12.04/Zentyal 2.3 server configured with WAN NATed on eth0, local interfaces eth1 and wlan0 bridged on br1 on which DHCP runs, and an OpenVPN connection on tun0. I only need the VPN for some things running on the gateway itself and I need to make sure that everything running on the gateway goes through the VPNs tun0. root:~# route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default gw... 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0 link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 br1 192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br1 A.B.C.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 root:~# ip route 169.254.0.0/16 dev br1 scope link metric 1000 192.168.1.0/24 dev br1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.1 A.B.C.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src A.B.C.186 root:~# ip route show table main 169.254.0.0/16 dev br1 scope link metric 1000 192.168.1.0/24 dev br1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.1 A.B.C.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src A.B.C.D root:~# ip route show table default default via A.B.C.1 dev eth0 How can I configure routing (or otherwise) such that all forwarded traffic for other hosts on the LAN goes through eth0 but all traffic for the gateway itself goes through the VPN on tun0? Also, since the OpenVPN client changes routing on startup/shutdown, how can I make sure that everything running on the gateway itself loses all network access if the VPN goes down and never goes out eth0.

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• Cannot connect on TFS 2012 server through SSL with invalid certificate

  - by DaveWut

  I saw the problem on some forums and even here, but not as specific as mine. So here's the thing, So I've configured a TFS 2012 server, on one of my personnel server at home, and now, I'm trying to make it available through the internet, with the help of apache2 on a different UNIX based, physical server. The thing is working perfectly, I don't have any problem accessing the address https://tfs.something.com/tfs through my browser. The address can be pinged and I do have access to the TFS control panel through it. How does it work? Well, with apache2 you can set a virtual host and set up the ProxyPass and ProxyPassReserver setting, so the traffic can externally comes from a secure SSL connection, through a specified domain or sub-domain, but it can be locally redirect on a clear http session on a different port. This is my current setup. As I already said, I can access the web interface, but when I'm trying to connect with Visual Studio 2012, it can't be done. Here's the error I receive: http://i.imgur.com/TLQIn.png The technical information tells me: The underlying connection was closed: Could not establish trust relationship for the SSL/TLS secure channel. My SSL certificate is invalid and was automatically generated on my UNIX server. Even if I try to add it in the Trusted Root Certification Authorities either on my TFS server or on my local workstation, it doesn't work. I still receive the same error. Is there's a way to completely ignore certificate validation? If not, what's have I done? I mean, I've added the certificate in the trusted root certificates, it should works as mentioned on some forums... If you need more information, please ask me, I'll be pleased to provide you more. Dave

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• AWS EC2 can't execute user-data script

  - by Bloodnut

  I'm pretty new to AWS and EC2 but I want to run instances with a user script after it's booted from another instance. I have installed ec2 tools and ran the command as it's explained in various examples like here http://www.turnkeylinux.org/blog/ec2-userdata and Eric Hammond's tutorials. however when I actually use the command: "ec2-run-instances --key my-key --user-data-file myscript my-ami" it only runs the new instance but doesn't execute the script myscript contains: #!/bin/bash echo "hello" ~/output.txt I'm running ubuntu server 12.04 AMIs. the target AMIs are duplicates of the initiating instance. if I run curl http:// 169.254.169.254/latest/user-data the imported script is there.

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• Repair GRUB bootloader for multiboot system

  - by user1715324

  I have two hard disks – one a 1TB and the other a 250 GB. I installed the OSes in the following order: Windows 7 on the first hard disk (1 TB) After that Kubuntu 12.04 on a partition (/dev/sdb7) on the second hard disk (250 GB) The second drive also contains an NTFS partition. Now, kubuntu's bootloader was installed on the second hard drive's MBR (and successfully detected Windows 7). So, whenever I wanted to load Windows I used to select the first hard disk from the BIOS boot menu and the second hard disk whenever I wanted to load kubuntu. I know I could have set the second hard disk as the default drive, still I prefered this method. The problem started when I installed Linux Mint 13 on the second hard disk (/dev/sdb3) and overwrote kubuntu's original MBR. Now, the GRUB just detects Mint and Windows. The MBR on the 1 TB hard disk is untouched. Is there a way I can modify the MBR on the second hard disk now so that it will show kubuntu and Mint both?

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• Change XRDP keyboard layout to en-gb Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Earl Sven

  Does anybody know how to change the keyboard layout to en-gb in an XRDP session on Ubuntu 12.04? I am using mstsc.exe to connect to an XRDP server hosting an XVNC session, however I cannot work out how to apply the UK keyboard layout. A bit of googling has yeilded these instructions which allow me to change the keymap, however using the keymap file I downloaded from here I loose the ability to use the arrow keys, home/end etc. Comparing the file with the standard one there are substantially more differences than I would expect considering the similarity between the layouts. I only have RDP access to the box so i don't seem to be able to actually generate a new layout per the instructions above, maybe it's a local console thing? Also I can't change either the RDP client used or the RDP server as they are my only access to the system, I don't have local console access. I do have root priveleges on the OS however. Any thoughts? Edit: I have found http:// xrdp.sourceforge.net/documents/keymap/newkeymap.html (apologies for not typing the link properly but the antispam filter won't let me post more than 2 links) this documentation on the XRDP sourceforge page which describes keymap file format. It indicates the values in the keymap files are unicode 0x64 etc, however the files I have already on my system seem to use a different format 0:0 or 65307:27 etc, does anybody know what the difference is?

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• Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS on Hyper-V 2012

  - by user137533

  I have the following scenario: Hyper-V 2012 server core installation. On top of this i created a virtual machine on which i tried installing Ubuntu Server 12.04 which should not have any compatibility issues according to what Microsoft and Ubuntu are saying (although it is not officially supported). I start, run the installation and everything is ok, no problems detecting the network device or the hard drive (unlike debian which didn't even detect the hard drive). Once the installation is complete it asks me to reboot, it unmounts the "dvd drive" and reboots. Once it tries to start again i get the following error: Boot failure. Reboot and Select proper Boot device or Insert Boot Media in the selected Boot device. It seems to not be booting up from the virtual hard drive. The hard drive is set up in SCSI mode, nothing mounted on the IDE controller (no iso image or anything else. Does anyone have any ideas on what i can do to solve this?

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• Wireless not working on ubuntu 12.04

  - by Yosef

  I just install ubuntu 12.04 but wirelless not works(windows 7 wirelless works). I open my windows 7 and see under Network Adapters: Edimax 802.11n Wireless Adapter Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller Which drivers i should download to install them on ubuntu 12.04 to make wireless work? And how i install this drivers on ubuntu after i copy them to usb. (I can have only wireless connection not wire - soo i nhave to dowload the drivers with windows then copy them to ubuntu) Thanks

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• Bash: Read lines in a file scenario with sed or awk

  - by user105566

  I have this scenarios: File Content: 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.4 I want sed or awk so that when i cat the file every time new line is returned. like First iteration: cat ip | some magic 10.1.1.1 Second iteration returns 10.1.1.2 Third iteration returns 10.1.1.3 Fourth iteration returns 10.1.1.4 and after n number of iterations, it returns to line 1 Fifth iteration returns: 10.1.1.1 Can we do it using sed or awk.

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