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• Best Practice: Migrating Email Boxes (maildir format)

  - by GruffTech

  So here's the situation. I've got about 20,000 maildir email accounts chewing up a several hundred GB of space on our email server. Maildir by nature keeps thousands of tiny a** little files, instead of one .mbox file or the like... So i need to migrate all of these several millions of files from one server to the other, for both space and life-cycle reasons. the conventional methods i would use all work just fine. rsync is the option that comes immediately to mind, however i wanted to see if there are any other "better" options out there. Rsync not handling multi-threaded transfers in this situation sucks because it never actually gets up to speed and saturates my network connection, because of this the transfer from one server to another will take hours beyond hours, when it shouldn't really take more then one or two. I know this is highly opinionated and subjective and will therefore be marked community wiki.

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• pdflush hanging on Amazon EBS drives when using multi-GB files - any workaround?

  - by rhh

  Hello, When I run gunzip on a 1.7GB file (which generates an 8GB file) on an EBS volume, pdflush freezes after gunzip runs and the CPU hangs indefinitely at 100% IO Wait. Here's the output from 'ps aux | grep pdflush'. Note the D status root 87 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D 06:18 0:00 pdflush root 88 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D 06:18 0:00 pdflush The only solution is to kill the pdflush processes. The processes don't die immediately either. This problem is repeatable and happens with new instances. I'm running 2xlarge instances and I have way more RAM free than is being used (i.e. /proc/meminfo shows 20+GB MemFree) Has anyone found a workaround to this problem in the past? Thanks for any thoughts. Robert

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• No rule to make target libmysql.c', needed bylibmysql.lo'. Stop

  - by user1711008

  I install mysql5.1.53, run #./configure is well, but run #make have this error. My system is centos5.8, gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-52) make[2]: Leaving directory /root/soft/mysql-5.1.53/libmysql' make[1]: Leaving directory/root/soft/mysql-5.1.53/libmysql' Making all in libmysql_r make[1]: Entering directory /root/soft/mysql-5.1.53/libmysql_r' make all-am make[2]: Entering directory/root/soft/mysql-5.1.53/libmysql_r' make[2]: * No rule to make target libmysql.c', needed bylibmysql.lo'. Stop. make[2]: Leaving directory /root/soft/mysql-5.1.53/libmysql_r' make[1]: *** [all] Error 2 make[1]: Leaving directory/root/soft/mysql-5.1.53/libmysql_r' make: * [all-recursive] Error 1

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• What happens when a chown occurs on a file being written to?

  - by jtd

  Background: I have a cron job which chown's the directories of new users. More often than not, these users are already uploading files to the server before the job occurs. So will files successfully have their ownership changed if they are in the process of being uploaded?

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• How hard is it to use SELinux?

  - by Bill Drissel

  How hard is it to use SELinux?

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• How to echo current document.title with Firefox Vimperator -> autocmd?

  - by shox

  When I try to do this :autocmd LocationChange .* echo document.title the first page that gets displayed makes no echo. If I proceed to the next tab, the title of the last tab gets echoed. Does anybody know how I can get for every landing on the page the title echoed instantly instead of when "leaving" the tab? And it only works every two times. If I go through my tabs 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 (next tab) the output will be (being at 1 currently) _blank Title of 1 _ Title of 3 _ Title of 5 _ Title of 7 _ (now being at tab 8) But I want Title of 1 Title of 2 ... Any ideas?

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• My NTFS Partition keeps becoming "unusable" on Ubuntu, Any Ideas?

  - by gopherman

  I just purchased a new 2TB Drive External Seagate, My main system uses both Windows and Ubuntu So I am pretty much stuck with keeping my drive as NTFS. I have done this without any problems before but since I got this new drive I have been having issues. When I first load up Ubuntu the drive mounts and runs fine, after an unspecified amount of time i start getting Input/Output errors when accessing the drive. When I goto the Disk Utility I get a message stating the drive is "Unknown or Unused", If I disconnect and reconnect the drive or reboot everything is fine again. There's no errors coming up with S.M.A.R.T and it seems to work fine while under windows. Any thoughts?

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• Fastest reliable way to open the terminal?

  - by meder

  I actually had my SUPER_L ( left windows key ) binded to gnome-terminal, but for whatever reason ever since upgrading to 9.04 Ubuntu from 8.10 Intrepid it seemed to break the key binding. It was very handy because I could throw open the terminal with one key ( sorry but alt-f2 and typing gnome-terminal isn't practical for me ). Or perhaps it reset all the keybindings? I remember using xev and some gui type interface that was akin to Win32 registry editor. Anyway, I'm curious as to what you guys use to open the terminal.

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• I just deleted "/bin". What's the best way to recover?

  - by Tom Marthenal

  I just ran (not on purpose!) rm -rf /bin. I've booted down the computer and am using Finnix to try to recover from it. I have succeeded in mounting the drive, and confirmed that, yes, the entire /bin folder is deleted. Is it possible to recover from this without reinstalling the OS? I'm thinking that I could setup a VM with the same OS and architecture (Ubuntu Server 11.10 alpha release, x86) and install all the packages I had installed on the server, then just copy the /bin folder. Will this work? Am I better off just starting over?

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• Resolve `strace` file number to a filename

  - by Mike Pennington

  I am debugging a problem where MoinMoin on CentOS is throwing a permissions error, but I can't track down where the problematic file / directory is. I ran strace -vp <pid> on the apache pid; when I have the problem I see this: epoll_wait(10, {{EPOLLIN, {u32=3487534344, u64=140367313734920}}}, 2, 10000) = 1 accept4(6, {sa_family=AF_INET6, sin6_port=htons(52621), inet_pton (AF_INET6, "::ffff:105.193.30.91", &sin6_addr), sin6_flowinfo=0, sin6_scope_id=0}, [28], SOCK_CLOEXEC) = 11 ## Later on... read(7, 0x7fffa658ad7f, 1) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) However, since apache is already running, I see no corresponding open() on the file referred to as 7; thus I see the permissions problem, but I still don't know which file is the problem. I know I could try to catch all the file opens when I respawn apache, but I'm hoping there is a way to map file 7 to a real filename... is there a way to do this?

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• How to restore default iPod playlists on Amarok?

  - by obvio171

  I wanted to "reset" the collection on my iPod and ended up accidentally deleting, through Amarok, all the playlists, including the default ones like "Most Played" and "Highest Rated". Since these are dynamic playlists with a special meaning for iPod, I don't think creating new, normal playlists with the same name will bring their special behavior back. How do I restore them with the same dynamic functionality? Is there a way to do that on Amarok? Rhythmbox? GTKPod? Command line? P.S.: not entirely sure what the policy about iPod questions are, but this one in particular seems to me to be very computer-related because, although it's about interfacing with a device, everything has to be done on my computer, using standard PC libraries/programs, etc. If it's still off-topic, please point me to where I could post it.

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• dnsmasq Client TTL

  - by user548971

  I have a situation where my hosts file is constantly changing. Because of this I don't want clients to cache ip addresses resolved using the hosts file. Here is the command that starts dnsmasq for me: /usr/sbin/dnsmasq -K -R -y -Z -b -E -S 8.8.8.8 -l /tmp/dhcp.leases -r /tmp/resolv.conf.auto --stop-dns-rebind --rebind-localhost-ok --dhcp-range=lan,192.168.2.2,192.168.2.249,255.255.255.0,12h -2 eth0 In looking at this site: http://www.thekelleys.org.uk/dnsmasq/docs/dnsmasq-man.html I see that the -T option has this description: -T, --local-ttl=<time> When replying with information from /etc/hosts or the DHCP leases file dnsmasq by default sets the time-to-live field to zero, meaning that the requester should not itself cache the information. This is the correct thing to do in almost all situations. This option allows a time-to-live (in seconds) to be given for these replies. This will reduce the load on the server at the expense of clients using stale data under some circumstances. My command doesn't have the -T option. Do I need it or does dnsmasq default TTL to zero without it?

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• getting rich text from the X clipboard

  - by intuited

  How can rich text be obtained from the X clipboard? For example, if you copy some text from a web browser and paste it into kompozer, it pastes as HTML, with links etc. preserved. However, xclip -o for the same selection just outputs plain text. I'd like to pull the HTML out and into a text editor.

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• Verify that a cron job has completed

  - by skylarking

  Is there a command that can be run to verify that a users cron job has run successfully? Platform is Ubuntu 8.04 LTS. I have scripts in /home/useraccount/bin/ running crontab -l while logged in as user results in: # m h dom mon dow command @hourly /home/useraccount/bin/script_1 @hourly /home/locateruser/bin/script_2 I realize scripts could send email or write to a log with a timestamp, but wondering if there is just a way to verify it ran from the command line.

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• Why does't rsync use delta-transfer for local files ?

  - by o_O Tync

  I have a big iso image which is currently being downloaded by a torrent client with space-reservation turned on: that means, file size is not changing while some chunks in in (4 Mib) are constantly changing because of a download. At 90% download I do the initial rsync to save time later: $ rsync -Ph DVD.iso /some/target/ sending incremental file list DVD.iso 2.60G 100% 40.23MB/s 0:01:01 (xfer#1, to-check=0/1) sent 2.60G bytes received 73 bytes 34.59M bytes/sec total size is 2.60G speedup is 1.00 Then, when the file's fully downloaded, I rsync again: total size is 2.60G speedup is 1.00 Speedup=1 says delta-transfer was not used, although 90% of the file has not changed. Why?!

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• How do you delete an iFolder from iFolder admin interface

  - by cheshirekow

  There are only two buttons at the bottom of the screen "enable" and "disable". When I check the box next to an iFolder one of them is lit (depending on what the state of the folder is)... but there is no button to delete the folder (as it seems there should be from the documentation). There is a delete button in the "orphaned" tab but how do you "orphan" an iFolder? I'm logged in to the admin interface as admin, who is currently the owner of the folder I wish to delete.

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• Is it a good idea to put "screen -r" in my .bashrc?

  - by marcusw

  I'd like to use screen to keep ssh sessions alive on my server. It would be nice if I could automatically resume any running session for my user when I log in. The straightforward way to do this would be adding "screen -r" to my .bashrc, and this seems to work fine. I'm just wondering if this will break anything under conditions which I haven't tested yet. Anyone with experience here who can tell me whether this is what I should do?

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• Force ID of user created by apt-get

  - by Bart van Heukelom

  Context: I'm automatically installing postgresql-9.1 on an Ubuntu server with apt-get. This creates the required postgres user. The Postgres data is on an external volume that survives reinstalls. This data is obviously owned by the postgres user. The problem I'm having is that the ownership is not recorded under the name postgres, but under the UID that postgres had at creation time. When the server is reinstalled, postgres sometimes gets a different UID, and no longer owns the data directory, and thus does not work. Question: Can I force the UID of the user postgres created by apt-get to something fixed? Or is there another way to solve my problem? (As you may have deduced, this is on Amazon EC2 with the data on an EBS volume)

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• PHP Page Stopped outputting content After Running "yum install php-devel" Command

  - by stwhite

  This error is bizarre but after running the "yum install php-devel" command (after a long day of trying to install Facedetect and OpenCV for face detection) my site stopped functioning. The site uses mysql and php. When you hit the url, the page executes the mysql and the php, but it appears to randomly stop outputting the content of the page. None of the code was changed and the site was working flawlessly prior to running the mentioned ssh command. I do use output buffering in the site, but after removing the calls "ob_flush", "ob_end_flush" and "ob_start" it didn't appear to help—still having issues with the site. Any ideas what this could be? Here is output from terminal: [myserver ~]# cd Facedetect-4b1dfe1 [myserver Facedetect-4b1dfe1]# phpize Configuring for: PHP Api Version: 20090626 Zend Module Api No: 20090626 Zend Extension Api No: 220090626 [myserver Facedetect-4b1dfe1]# configure bash: configure: command not found [myserver Facedetect-4b1dfe1]# phpize && configure && make && make install Configuring for: PHP Api Version: 20090626 Zend Module Api No: 20090626 Zend Extension Api No: 220090626 bash: configure: command not found bash: Read: command not found [myserver Facedetect-4b1dfe1]# make make: *** No targets specified and no makefile found. Stop. [myserver Facedetect-4b1dfe1]# yum install php5-devel

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• How can I measure actual memory usage from my running processes?

  - by NullUser

  I have two servers, server1 and server2. Both of them are identical HP blades, running the exact same OS (RHEL 5.5). Here's the output of free for both of them: ### server1: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 8017848 2746596 5271252 0 212772 1768800 -/+ buffers/cache: 765024 7252824 Swap: 14188536 0 14188536 ### server2: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 8017848 4494836 3523012 0 212724 3136568 -/+ buffers/cache: 1145544 6872304 Swap: 14188536 0 14188536 If I understand correctly, server2 is using significantly more memory for disk I/O caching, which still counts as memory used. But both are running the same OS and if I remember correctly, I configured both with the same parameters when they were installed. I did a diff on /etc/sysctl.conf and they are identical. The problem is, I am collecting memory usage and other metrics over a period of time, (eg: vmstat, iostat, etc.) while a load is generated on the system. The memory used for caching is throwing off my calculations on the results. How can I measure actual memory usage from my running processes, rather than system usage? Is used - (buffers + cached) a valid way to measure this?

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• How do I find the cause for a huge difference in performance between two identical Ubuntu servers?

  - by the.duckman

  I am running two Dell R410 servers in the same rack of a data center. Both have the same hardware configuration, run Ubuntu 10.4, have the same packages installed and run the same Java web servers. No other load. One of them is 20-30% faster than the other, very consistently. I used dstat to figure out, if there are more context switches, IO, swapping or anything, but I see no reason for the difference. With the same workload, (no swapping, virtually no IO), the cpu usage and load is higher on one server. So the difference appears to be mainly CPU bound, but while a simple cpu benchmark using sysbench (with all other load turned off) did yield a difference, it was only 6%. So maybe it is not only CPU but also memory performance. I tried to figure out if the BIOS settings differ in some parameter, did a dump using dmidecode, but that yielded no difference. I compared /proc/cpuinfo, no difference. I compared the output of cpufreq-info, no difference. I am lost. What can I do, to figure out, what is going on?

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• virtualbox port forwarding - firewall config

  - by Roose

  i have a ubuntu host system with virtualbox running a windows server. In Virtualbox i have configured the network with a NAT interface and port forwarding for the RDP deamon running inside the vm. That works really well - i can connect to the windows rdp service over the internet. TCP *:3389 - *:3389 Now i like to restrict the access to the rdp service to only 3 public ip addresses and have no idea how to do that via iptables / shorewall. Something like: ACCEPT net:91.x.x.x fw tcp 3389 (shorewall rule) isn't working. Would be glad for any hint.

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• Automating MySQL configuration with kickstart

  - by Nimmy Lebby

  I've been testing deployment for a website with some virtual servers. I have most of my deployment steps done via kickstart file (package installation and user creation). However, for MySQL I have to: Run mysql_secure_installation (sets up root password, deletes anonymous users, disallows root login remotely, removes test databases) ./ Then, create the website's databases and the database user. I'm not sure if this is possible in kickstart---especially the prompts in mysql_secure_installation. Perhaps someone has some suggestions or examples?

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• Lots of files being used by blank web page. What are they?

  - by byronyasgur

  I am trying to optimise a website and I was using the network waterfall facility in Google Chrome. When I looked at the results there were lots of files which I didnt recognise. I first thought they might be something to do with Google Chrome itself, so I put a blank HTML file on my desktop and checked but there was nothing in the waterfall except the file itself. So I put a blank file on my server and I got the output below. What are all these files, are they all necessary, is this normal and do I need to be in any way concerned. My hosting provider has always been excellent in every regard that I'm aware of. My host is shared hosting, using cpanel and is based on a LAMP server. I also note that a couple of those file have problems but I have no idea how to fault find that or whether it's a concern. EDIT: I have cleared the cache so I don't think it's a browser cache issue.

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• How to Create Boot CD

  - by joe

  How to Create boot CD for Dual Booting System? Just consider I am having Windows and Ubuntu, Grup is boot loader. I just want to create Dual Boot CD for the same operation.

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