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• While trying to set up Django on Windows: AttributeError: 'Settings' object has no attribute 'DATABA

  - by user326370

  I'm following these instructions in order to set up Django on Windows. I have installed Python 2.6, PostgreSQL 8.4, Psycopg 2.0.14 for Python 2.6 and the latest version of Django from SVN. I'm now following these instructions to run a test project (copied from the page linked to above): C:\Documents and Settings\John>cd C:\ C:\>mkdir django C:\>cd django C:\django>django-admin.py startproject testproject C:\django>cd testproject C:\django\testproject>python manage.py runserver When I run the last line, this is the output: Validating models... Unhandled exception in thread started by <function inner_run at 0x01ECB930> Traceback (most recent call last): File "J:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 48, in inn er_run self.validate(display_num_errors=True) File "J:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 249, in validate num_errors = get_validation_errors(s, app) File "J:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\validation.py", line 22, in get_validat ion_errors from django.db import models, connection File "J:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\db\__init__.py", line 14, in <module> if not settings.DATABASES: File "J:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 273, in __getattr__ return getattr(self._wrapped, name) AttributeError: 'Settings' object has no attribute 'DATABASES' Did I forget to do something with the database? Any help will be appreciated. Thank you!

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• Importing fixtures with foreign keys and SQLAlchemy?

  - by Chris Reid

  I've been experimenting with using fixture to load test data sets into my Pylons / PostgreSQL app. This works great except that it fails to properly create foreign keys if they reference an auto increment id field. My fixture looks like this: class AuthorsData(DataSet): class frank_herbert: first_name = "Frank" last_name = "Herbert" class BooksData(DataSet): class dune: title = "Dune" author_id = AuthorsData.frank_herbert.ref('id') And the model: t_authors = sa.Table("authors", meta.metadata, sa.Column("id", sa.types.Integer, primary_key=True), sa.Column("first_name", sa.types.String(100)), sa.Column("last_name", sa.types.String(100)), ) t_books = sa.Table("books", meta.metadata, sa.Column("id", sa.types.Integer, primary_key=True), sa.Column("title", sa.types.String(100)), sa.Column("author_id", sa.types.Integer, sa.ForeignKey('authors.id')) ) When running "paster setup-app development.ini", SQLAlchemey reports the FK value as "None" so it's obviously not finding it: 15:59:48,683 INFO [sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...9eb0] INSERT INTO books (title, author_id) VALUES (%(title)s, %(author_id)s) RETURNING books.id 15:59:48,683 INFO [sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...9eb0] {'author_id': None, 'title': 'Dune'} The fixture docs actually warn that this might be a problem: "However, in some cases you may need to reference an attribute that does not have a value until it is loaded, like a serial ID column. (Note that this is not supported by the SQLAlchemy data layer when using sessions.)" http://farmdev.com/projects/fixture/using-dataset.html#referencing-foreign-dataset-classes Does this mean that this is just not supported with SQLAlchemy? Or is it possible to load the data without using SA "sessions"? How are other people handling this issue?

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• IntegrityError: foreign key violation upon delete

  - by Lukasz Korzybski

  I have Order and Shipment model. Shipment has a foreign key to Order. class Order(...): ... class Shipment() order = m.ForeignKey('Order') ... Now in one of my views I want do delete order object along with all related objects. So I invoke order.delete(). I have Django 1.0.4, PostgreSQL 8.4 and I use transaction middleware, so whole request is enclosed in single transaction. The problem is that upon order.delete() I get: ... File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/backends/__init__.py", line 28, in _commit return self.connection.commit() IntegrityError: update or delete on table "main_order" violates foreign key constraint "main_shipment_order_id_fkey" on table "main_shipment" DETAIL: Key (id)=(45) is still referenced from table "main_shipment". I checked in connection.queries that proper queries are executed in proper order. First shipment is deleted, after that django executes delete on order row: {'time': '0.000', 'sql': 'DELETE FROM "main_shipment" WHERE "id" IN (17)'}, {'time': '0.000', 'sql': 'DELETE FROM "main_order" WHERE "id" IN (45)'} Foreign key have ON DELETE NO ACTION (default) and is initially deferred. I don't know why I get foreign key constraint violation. I also tried to register pre_delete signal and manually delete shipment objects before delete on order is called, but it resulted in the same error. I can change ON DELETE behaviour for this key in Postgres but it would be just a hack, I wonder if anyone has a better idea what's going on here. There is also a small detail, my Order model inherits from Cart model, so it actually doesn't have id field but cart_ptr_id and after DELETE on order is executed there is also DELETE on cart, but it seems unrelated? to the shipment-order problem so I simplified it in the example.

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• rake test not copying development postgres db with sequences

  - by Robert Crida

  I am trying to develop a rails application on postgresql using a sequence to increment a field instead of a default ruby approach based on validates_uniqueness_of. This has proved challenging for a number of reasons: 1. This is a migration of an existing table, not a new table or column 2. Using parameter :default = "nextval('seq')" didn't work because it tries to set it in parenthesis 3. Eventually got migration working in 2 steps: change_column :work_commencement_orders, :wco_number_suffix, :integer, :null => false#, :options => "set default nextval('wco_number_suffix_seq')" execute %{ ALTER TABLE work_commencement_orders ALTER COLUMN wco_number_suffix SET DEFAULT nextval('wco_number_suffix_seq'); } Now this would appear to have done the correct thing in the development database and the schema looks like: wco_number_suffix | integer | not null default nextval('wco_number_suffix_seq'::regclass) However, the tests are failing with PGError: ERROR: null value in column "wco_number_suffix" violates not-null constraint : INSERT INTO "work_commencement_orders" ("expense_account_id", "created_at", "process_id", "vo2_issued_on", "wco_template", "updated_at", "notes", "process_type", "vo_number", "vo_issued_on", "vo2_number", "wco_type_id", "created_by", "contractor_id", "old_wco_type", "master_wco_number", "deadline", "updated_by", "detail", "elective_id", "authorization_batch_id", "delivery_lat", "delivery_long", "operational", "state", "issued_on", "delivery_detail") VALUES(226, '2010-05-31 07:02:16.764215', 728, NULL, E'Default', '2010-05-31 07:02:16.764215', NULL, E'Procurement::Process', NULL, NULL, NULL, 226, NULL, 276, NULL, E'MWCO-213', '2010-06-14 07:02:16.756952', NULL, E'Name 4597', 220, NULL, NULL, NULL, 'f', E'pending', NULL, E'728 Test Road; Test Town; 1234; Test Land') RETURNING "id" The explanation can be found when you inspect the schema of the test database: wco_number_suffix | integer | not null So what happened to the default? I tried adding task: template: smmt_ops_development to the database.yml file which has the effect of issuing create database smmt_ops_test template = "smmt_ops_development" encoding = 'utf8' I have verified that if I issue this then it does in fact copy the default nextval. So clearly rails is doing something after that to suppress it again. Any suggestions as to how to fix this? Thanks Robert

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• I'm trying to install psycopg2 onto Mac OS 10.6.3; it claims it can't find "stdarg.h" but I can see

  - by cojadate

  I'm desperately trying to successfully install psycopg2 but keep running into errors. The latest one seems to involve it not being to find "stdarg.h" (see code below). However I can see with my own eyes that a file called stdarg.h exists at /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk/usr/include/stdarg.h (where it claims it can't find anything) so I've no idea what to do about it. I'm running Mac OS 10.6.3 and within the last few days I've made sure I have all the latest OS developer tools. I have Python 2.6.2 and PostgreSQL 8.4 if that makes any difference. python setup.py install running install running build running build_py running build_ext building 'psycopg2._psycopg' extension creating build/temp.macosx-10.3-fat-2.6 creating build/temp.macosx-10.3-fat-2.6/psycopg gcc -arch ppc -arch i386 -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -DPSYCOPG_DEFAULT_PYDATETIME=1 -DPSYCOPG_VERSION="2.2.1 (dt dec ext pq3)" -DPG_VERSION_HEX=0x080404 -DPSYCOPG_EXTENSIONS=1 -DPSYCOPG_NEW_BOOLEAN=1 -DHAVE_PQFREEMEM=1 -DHAVE_PQPROTOCOL3=1 -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/include/python2.6 -I. -I/opt/local/include/postgresql84 -I/opt/local/include/postgresql84/server -c psycopg/psycopgmodule.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.3-fat-2.6/psycopg/psycopgmodule.o In file included from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/include/python2.6/unicodeobject.h:4, from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/include/python2.6/Python.h:85, from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27: /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk/usr/include/stdarg.h:4:25: error: stdarg.h: No such file or directory In file included from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/include/python2.6/unicodeobject.h:4, from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/include/python2.6/Python.h:85, from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27: /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk/usr/include/stdarg.h:4:25: error: stdarg.h: No such file or directory lipo: can't figure out the architecture type of: /var/folders/MQ/MQ-tWOWWG+izzuZCrAJpzk+++TI/-Tmp-//ccakFhRS.out error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status

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• JPA2 Criteria API creates invalid SQL when using groupBy

  - by Stephan

  JPA2 with the Criteria API seems to generate invalid SQL for PostgreSQL. For this code: Root<DBObjectAccessCounter> from = query.from(DBObjectAccessCounter.class); Path<DBObject> object = from.get(DBObjectAccessCounter_.object); Expression<Long> sum = builder.sumAsLong(from.get(DBObjectAccessCounter_.count)); query.multiselect(object, sum).groupBy(object); I get the following exception: ERROR: column "dbobject1_.id" must appear in the GROUP BY clause or be used in an aggregate function The generated SQL is: select dbobjectac0_.object_id as col_0_0_, sum(dbobjectac0_.count) as col_1_0_, dbobject1_.id as id1001_, dbobject1_.name as name1013_, dbobject1_.lastChanged as lastChan2_1013_, dbobject1_.type_id as type3_1013_ from DBObjectAccessCounter dbobjectac0_ inner join DBObject dbobject1_ on dbobjectac0_.object_id=dbobject1_.id group by dbobjectac0_.object_id Obviously, the first item of the select statement (dbobjectac0_.object_id) does not match the group by clause. Simplified example It does not even work for this simple example: Root<DBObjectAccessCounter> from = query.from(DBObjectAccessCounter.class); Path<DBObject> object = from.get(DBObjectAccessCounter_.object); query.select(object).groupBy(object); which returns select dbobject1_.id as id924_, dbobject1_.name as name933_, dbobject1_.lastChanged as lastChan2_933_, dbobject1_.type_id as type3_933_ from DBObjectAccessCounter dbobjectac0_ inner join DBObject dbobject1_ on dbobjectac0_.object_id=dbobject1_.id group by dbobjectac0_.object_id Does anyone know how to fix this?

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• Combining aggregate functions in an (ANSI) SQL statement

  - by morpheous

  I have aggregate functions foo(), foobar(), fredstats(), barneystats() I want to create a domain specific query language (DSQL) above my DB, to facilitate using using a domain language to query the DB. The 'language' comprises of boolean expressions (or more specifically SQL like criteria) which I then 'translate' back into pure (ANSI) SQL and send to the underlying Db. The following lines are examples of what the language statements will look like, and hopefully, it will help further clarify the concept: **Example 1** DQL statement: foobar('yellow') between 1 and 3 and fredstats('weight') > 42 Translation: fetch all rows in an underlying table where computed values for aggregate function foobar() is between 1 and 3 AND computed value for AGG FUNC fredstats() is greater than 42 **Example 2** DQL statement: fredstats('weight') < barneystats('weight') AND foo('fighter') in (9,10,11) AND foobar('green') <> 42 Translation: Fetch all rows where the specified criteria matches **Example 3** DQL statement: foobar('green') / foobar('red') <> 42 Translation: Fetch all rows where the specified criteria matches **Example 4** DQL statement: foobar('green') - foobar('red') >= 42 Translation: Fetch all rows where the specified criteria matches Given the following information: The table upon which the queries above are being executed is called 'tbl' table 'tbl' has the following structure (id int, name varchar(32), weight float) The result set returns only the tbl.id, tbl.name and the names of the aggregate functions as columns in the result set - so for example the foobar() AGG FUNC column will be called foobar in the result set. So for example, the first DQL query will return a result set with the following columns: id, name, foobar, fredstats Given the above, my questions then are: What would be the underlying SQL required for Example1 ? What would be the underlying SQL required for Example3 ? Given an algebraic equation comprising of AGGREGATE functions, Is there a way of generalizing the algorithm needed to generate the required ANSI SQL statement(s)? I am using PostgreSQL as the db, but I would prefer to use ANSI SQL wherever possible.

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• Starting with NHibernate

  - by George

  I'm having major difficulties to start off with NHiberante. Main problems: Where my hbm.xml files should reside? I create a Mappings folder but I received an error "Could not find xxx.hbm.xml file." I tried to load the specific class through the dialect cf.AddClass(typeof(xxx)); but it still gives me the same error (the files are marked as embebed resources. Also I'm having major problems in connection to it. I stopped trying to use the cfg xml file and tried a more direct approach with a library I have here. Configuration cfg = new Configuration(); cfg.AddClass(typeof(Tag)); ISessionFactory sessions = cfg.BuildSessionFactory(); AgnosticConnectionHandler agch = new AgnosticConnectionHandler("xxx","xxx","geo_biblio","localhost", 5432,DatabaseInstance.PostgreSQL); ISession sessao = sessions.OpenSession(agch.GetConnection); ITransaction tx = sessao.BeginTransaction(); Tag tag1 = new Tag(); tag1.NomeTag = "Teste Tag NHibernate!!!"; sessao.Save(tag1); tx.Commit(); sessao.Close(); Any tips for me? I'm getting the exception in line 2 of this code, and still not sure what to do. Any help is appreciated. Thanks

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• Calculate differences between rows while grouping with SQL

  - by Guido

  I have a postgresql table containing movements of different items (models) between warehouses. For example, the following record means that 5 units of model 1 have been sent form warehouse 1 to 2: source target model units ------ ------ ----- ----- 1 2 1 5 I am trying to build a SQL query to obtain the difference between units sent and received, grouped by models. Again with an example: source target model units ------ ------ ----- ----- 1 2 1 5 -- 5 sent from 1 to 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 -- 2 sent from 2 to 1 2 1 1 1 -- 1 more sent from 2 to 1 The result should be: source target model diff ------ ------ ----- ---- 1 2 1 2 -- 5 sent minus 3 received 1 2 2 1 I wonder if this is possible with a single SQL query. Here is the table creation script and some data, just in case anyone wants to try it: CREATE TEMP TABLE movements ( source INTEGER, target INTEGER, model INTEGER, units INTEGER ); insert into movements values (1,2,1,5); insert into movements values (1,2,2,1); insert into movements values (2,1,1,2); insert into movements values (2,1,1,1);

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• Database frontend for multiple db engines

  - by xeroxed_yeti

  Hey Stackoverflow, yeah it's spring and a lot of things happens to me... Also changing some software things at my computer, because suddenly everything seems to be boring after starting my laptop. I even changed my wallpaper!!! Besides I'm looking for a new database frontend and after using google with serveral queries I didn't find the right software. You have to know, my laptop and me are very very special :) I'm looking for a database frontend which should have following features can access PostgreSQL and MySQL databases can handle schemata overs a nice sql query tool supports an import and export functionality (something like tab separated text files) it for free looks awesome - every time when a college come to my office he must get the feeling: oh boy, this man really knows his job and should get more money! At the moment I used phpmyadmin, phppgadmin, pgadminIII, mysqladmin and dbVisualizer. Furthermore I was a big fan of the aqua datastudio until it became commercial. This tools offers a great variety of functionalities which can simplify programmes live. However, now you have to buy a license...I'm a scientist and money for software is limited =) So it's my first time (question) here at stackoverflow please be cheerful :)

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• Strategy for locale sensitive sort with pagination

  - by Thom Birkeland

  Hi, I work on an application that is deployed on the web. Part of the app is search functions where the result is presented in a sorted list. The application targets users in several countries using different locales (= sorting rules). I need to find a solution for sorting correctly for all users. I currently sort with ORDER BY in my SQL query, so the sorting is done according to the locale (or LC_LOCATE) set for the database. These rules are incorrect for those users with a locale different than the one set for the database. Also, to further complicate the issue, I use pagination in the application, so when I query the database I ask for rows 1 - 15, 16 - 30, etc. depending on the page I need. However, since the sorting is wrong, each page contains entries that are incorrectly sorted. In a worst case scenario, the entire result set for a given page could be out of order, depending on the locale/sorting rules of the current user. If I were to sort in (server side) code, I need to retrieve all rows from the database and then sort. This results in a tremendous performance hit given the amount of data. Thus I would like to avoid this. Does anyone have a strategy (or even technical solution) for attacking this problem that will result in correctly sorted lists without having to take the performance hit of loading all data? Tech details: The database is PostgreSQL 8.3, the application an EJB3 app using EJB QL for data query, running on JBoss 4.5.

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• Error using to_char // to_timestamp

  - by pepersview

  Hello, I have a database in PostgreSQL and I'm developing an application in PHP using this database. The problem is that when I execute the following query I get a nice result in phpPgAdmin but in my PHP application I get an error. The query: SELECT t.t_name, t.t_firstname FROM teachers AS t WHERE t.id_teacher IN (SELECT id_teacher FROM teacher_course AS tcourse JOIN course_timetable AS coursetime ON tcourse.course = coursetime.course AND to_char(to_timestamp('2010-4-12', 'YYYY-MM-DD'),'FMD') = (coursetime.day +1)) AND t.id_teacher NOT IN (SELECT id_teacher FROM teachers_fill WHERE date = '2010-4-12') ORDER BY t.t_name ASC And this is the error in PHP operator does not exist: text = integer (to_timestamp('', 'YYYY-MM-DD'),'FMD') = (courset... ^ HINT: No operator matches the given name and argument type(s). You might need to add explicit type casts. The purpose to solve this error is to use the ORIGINAL query in php with : $date = "2010"."-".$selected_month."-".$selected_day; SELECT t.t_name, t.t_firstname FROM teachers AS t WHERE t.id_teacher IN (SELECT id_teacher FROM teacher_course AS tcourse JOIN course_timetable AS coursetime ON tcourse.course = coursetime.course AND to_char(to_timestamp('$date', 'YYYY-MM-DD'),'FMD') = (coursetime.day +1)) AND t.id_teacher NOT IN (SELECT id_teacher FROM teachers_fill WHERE date = '$date') ORDER BY t.t_name ASC

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• ISBNs are used as primary key, now I want to add non-book things to the DB - should I migrate to EAN

  - by fish2000

  I built an inventory database where ISBN numbers are the primary keys for the items. This worked great for a while as the items were books. Now I want to add non-books. some of the non-books have EANs or ISSNs, some do not. It's in PostgreSQL with django apps for the frontend and JSON api, plus a few supporting python command-line tools for management. the items in question are mostly books and artist prints, some of which are self-published. What is nice about using ISBNs as primary keys is that in on top of relational integrity, you get lots of handy utilities for validating ISBNs, automatically looking up missing or additional information on the book items, etcetera, many of which I've taken advantage. some such tools are off-the-shelf (PyISBN, PyAWS etc) and some are hand-rolled -- I tried to keep all of these parts nice and decoupled, but you know how things can get. I couldn't find anything online about 'private ISBNs' or 'self-assigned ISBNs' but that's the sort of thing I was interested in doing. I doubt that's what I'll settle on, since there is already an apparent run on ISBN numbers. should I retool everything for EAN numbers, or migrate off ISBNs as primary keys in general? if anyone has any experience with working with these systems, I'd love to hear about it, your advice is most welcome.

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• Python unittest (using SQLAlchemy) does not write/update database?

  - by Jerry

  Hi, I am puzzled at why my Python unittest runs perfectly fine without actually updating the database. I can even see the SQL statements from SQLAlchemy and step through the newly created user object's email -- ...INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...954c INSERT INTO users (user_id, user_name, email, ...) VALUES (%(user_id)s, %(user_name)s, %(email)s, ...) ...INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...954c {'user_id': u'4cfdafe3f46544e1b4ad0c7fccdbe24a', 'email': u'[email protected]', ...} > .../tests/unit_tests/test_signup.py(127)test_signup_success() -> user = user_q.filter_by(user_name='test').first() (Pdb) n ...INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...954c SELECT users.user_id AS users_user_id, ... FROM users WHERE users.user_name = %(user_name_1)s LIMIT 1 OFFSET 0 ...INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...954c {'user_name_1': 'test'} > .../tests/unit_tests/test_signup.py(128)test_signup_success() -> self.assertTrue(isinstance(user, model.User)) (Pdb) user <pweb.models.User object at 0x9c95b0c> (Pdb) user.email u'[email protected]' Yet at the same time when I login to the test database, I do not see the new record there. Is it some feature from Python/unittest/SQLAlchemy/Pyramid/PostgreSQL that I'm totally unaware of? Thanks. Jerry

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• table design for storing large number of rows

  - by hyperboreean

  I am trying to store in a postgresql database some unique identifiers along with the site they have been seen on. I can't really decide which of the following 3 option to choose in order to be faster and easy maintainable. The table would have to provide the following information: the unique identifier which unfortunately it's text the sites on which that unique identifier has been seen The amount of data that would have to hold is rather large: there are around 22 millions unique identifiers that I know of. So I thought about the following designs of the table: id - integer identifier - text seen_on_site - an integer, foreign key to a sites table This approach would require around 22 mil multiplied by the number of sites. id - integer identifier - text seen_on_site_1 - boolean seen_on_site_2 - boolean ............ seen_on_site_n - boolean Hopefully the number of sites won't go past 10. This would require only the number of unique identifiers that I know of, that is around 20 millions, but it would make it hard to work with it from an ORM perspective. one table that would store only unique identifiers, like in: id - integer unique_identifier - text, one table that would store only sites, like in: id - integer site - text and one many to many relation, like: id - integer, unique_id - integer (fk to the table storing identifiers) site_id - integer (fk to sites table) another approach would be to have a table that stores unique identifiers for each site So, which one seems like a better approach to take on the long run?

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• SQLAlchemy Expression Language problem

  - by Torkel

  I'm trying to convert this to something sqlalchemy expression language compatible, I don't know if it's possible out of box and are hoping someone more experienced can help me along. The backend is PostgreSQL and if I can't make it as an expression I'll create a string instead. SELECT DISTINCT date_trunc('month', x.x) as date, COALESCE(b.res1, 0) AS res1, COALESCE(b.res2, 0) AS res2 FROM generate_series( date_trunc('year', now() - interval '1 years'), date_trunc('year', now() + interval '1 years'), interval '1 months' ) AS x LEFT OUTER JOIN( SELECT date_trunc('month', access_datetime) AS when, count(NULLIF(resource_id != 1, TRUE)) AS res1, count(NULLIF(resource_id != 2, TRUE)) AS res2 FROM tracking_entries GROUP BY date_trunc('month', access_datetime) ) AS b ON (date_trunc('month', x.x) = b.when) First of all I got a class TrackingEntry mapped to tracking_entries, the select statement within the outer joined can be converted to something like (pseudocode):: from sqlalchemy.sql import func, select from datetime import datetime, timedelta stmt = select([ func.date_trunc('month', TrackingEntry.resource_id).label('when'), func.count(func.nullif(TrackingEntry.resource_id != 1, True)).label('res1'), func.count(func.nullif(TrackingEntry.resource_id != 2, True)).label('res2') ], group_by=[func.date_trunc('month', TrackingEntry.access_datetime), ]) Considering the outer select statement I have no idea how to build it, my guess is something like: outer = select([ func.distinct(func.date_trunc('month', ?)).label('date'), func.coalesce(?.res1, 0).label('res1'), func.coalesce(?.res2, 0).label('res2') ], from_obj=[ func.generate_series( datetime.now(), datetime.now() + timedelta(days=365), timedelta(days=1) ).label(x) ]) Then I suppose I have to link those statements together without using foreign keys: outer.outerjoin(stmt???).??(func.date_trunc('month', ?.?), ?.when) Anyone got any suggestions or even better a solution?

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• Django IntegrityError: foreign key violation upon delete

  - by Lukasz Korzybski

  I have Order and Shipment model. Shipment has a foreign key to Order. class Order(...): ... class Shipment() order = m.ForeignKey('Order') ... Now in one of my views I want do delete order object along with all related objects. So I invoke order.delete(). I have Django 1.0.4, PostgreSQL 8.4 and I use transaction middleware, so whole request is enclosed in single transaction. The problem is that upon order.delete() I get: ... File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/backends/__init__.py", line 28, in _commit return self.connection.commit() IntegrityError: update or delete on table "main_order" violates foreign key constraint "main_shipment_order_id_fkey" on table "main_shipment" DETAIL: Key (id)=(45) is still referenced from table "main_shipment". I checked in connection.queries that proper queries are executed in proper order. First shipment is deleted, after that django executes delete on order row: {'time': '0.000', 'sql': 'DELETE FROM "main_shipment" WHERE "id" IN (17)'}, {'time': '0.000', 'sql': 'DELETE FROM "main_order" WHERE "id" IN (45)'} Foreign key have ON DELETE NO ACTION (default) and is initially deferred. I don't know why I get foreign key constraint violation. I also tried to register pre_delete signal and manually delete shipment objects before delete on order is called, but it resulted in the same error. I can change ON DELETE behaviour for this key in Postgres but it would be just a hack, I wonder if anyone has a better idea what's going on here. There is also a small detail, my Order model inherits from Cart model, so it actually doesn't have id field but cart_ptr_id and after DELETE on order is executed there is also DELETE on cart, but it seems unrelated? to the shipment-order problem so I simplified it in the example.

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• For a set of sql-queries, how do you determine which result-set contains a certain row?

  - by ManBugra

  I have a set of sql - queries: List<String> queries = ... queries[0] = "select id from person where ..."; ... queries[8756] = "select id from person where ..."; Each query selects rows from the same table 'person'. The only difference is the where-clause. Table 'person' looks like this: id | name | ... many other columns How can i determine which queries will contain a certain person in their subset? For example: List<Integer> matchingQueries = magicMethod(queries, [23,45]); The list obtained by 'magicMethod' filters all sql queries present in the list 'queries' (defined above) and returns only those that contain either the person with id 23 OR a person with id 45. Why i need it: I am dealing with an application that contains products and categories where the categories are sql queries that define which products belong to them (queries stored in a table also). Now i have a requirement where an admin has to see all categories an item belongs to immediately after the item was created. Btw, over 8.000 categories defined (so far, more to come). language and db: java && postgreSQL Thanks,

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• How to write this snippet in Python?

  - by morpheous

  I am learning Python (I have a C/C++ background). I need to write something practical in Python though, whilst learning. I have the following pseudocode (my first attempt at writing a Python script, since reading about Python yesterday). Hopefully, the snippet details the logic of what I want to do. BTW I am using python 2.6 on Ubuntu Karmic. Assume the script is invoked as: script_name.py directory_path import csv, sys, os, glob # Can I declare that the function accepts a dictionary as first arg? def getItemValue(item, key, defval) return !item.haskey(key) ? defval : item[key] dirname = sys.argv[1] # declare some default values here weight, is_male, default_city_id = 100, true, 1 # fetch some data from a database table into a nested dictionary, indexed by a string curr_dict = load_dict_from_db('foo') #iterate through all the files matching *.csv in the specified folder for infile in glob.glob( os.path.join(dirname, '*.csv') ): #get the file name (without the '.csv' extension) code = infile[0:-4] # open file, and iterate through the rows of the current file (a CSV file) f = open(infile, 'rt') try: reader = csv.reader(f) for row in reader: #lookup the id for the code in the dictionary id = curr_dict[code]['id'] name = row['name'] address1 = row['address1'] address2 = row['address2'] city_id = getItemValue(row, 'city_id', default_city_id) # insert row to database table finally: f.close() I have the following questions: Is the code written in a Pythonic enough way (is there a better way of implementing it)? Given a table with a schema like shown below, how may I write a Python function that fetches data from the table and returns is in a dictionary indexed by string (name). How can I insert the row data into the table (actually I would like to use a transaction if possible, and commit just before the file is closed) Table schema: create table demo (id int, name varchar(32), weight float, city_id int); BTW, my backend database is postgreSQL

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• How to return a record from function executed by INSERT/UPDATE rule?

  - by seas

  Do the following scheme for my database: create sequence data_sequence; create table data_table { id integer primary key; field varchar(100); }; create view data_view as select id, field from data_table; create function data_insert(_new data_view) returns data_view as $$declare _id integer; _result data_view%rowtype; begin _id := nextval('data_sequence'); insert into data_table(id, field) values(_id, _new.field); select * into _result from data_view where id = _id; return _result; end; $$ language plpgsql; create rule insert as on insert to data_view do instead select data_insert(new); Then type in psql: insert into data_view(field) values('abc'); Would like to see something like: id | field ----+--------- 1 | abc Instead see: data_insert ------------- (1, "abc") Is it possible to fix this somehow? Thanks for any ideas. Ultimate idea is to use this in other functions, so that I could obtain id of just inserted record without selecting for it from scratch. Something like: insert into data_view(field) values('abc') returning id into my_variable would be nice but doesn't work with error: ERROR: cannot perform INSERT RETURNING on relation "data_view" HINT: You need an unconditional ON INSERT DO INSTEAD rule with a RETURNING clause. I don't really understand that HINT. I use PostgreSQL 8.4.

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• How to return a record from function, executed by INSERT/UPDATE rule (trigger)?

  - by seas

  Do the following scheme for my database: create sequence data_sequence; create table data_table { id integer primary key; field varchar(100); }; create view data_view as select id, field from data_table; create function data_insert(_new data_view) returns data_view as $$declare _id integer; _result data_view%rowtype; begin _id := nextval('data_sequence'); insert into data_table(id, field) values(_id, _new.field); select * into _result from data_view where id = _id; return _result; end; $$ language plpgsql; create rule insert as on insert to data_view do instead select data_insert(new); Then type in psql: insert into data_view(field) values('abc'); Would like to see something like: id | field ----+--------- 1 | abc Instead see: data_insert ------------- (1, "abc") Is it possible to fix this somehow? Thanks for any ideas. Ultimate idea is to use this in other functions, so that I could obtain id of just inserted record without selecting for it from scratch. Something like: insert into data_view(field) values('abc') returning id into my_variable would be nice but doesn't work with error: ERROR: cannot perform INSERT RETURNING on relation "data_view" HINT: You need an unconditional ON INSERT DO INSTEAD rule with a RETURNING clause. I don't really understand that HINT. I use PostgreSQL 8.4.

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• MySQL to PostreSQL and Named Scope

  - by Lowgain

  I've got a named scope for one of my models that works fine. The code is: named_scope :inbox_threads, lambda { |user| { :include => [:deletion_flags, :recipiences], :conditions => ["recipiences.user_id = ? AND deletion_flags.user_id IS NULL", user.id], :group => "msg_threads.id" }} This works fine on my local copy of the app with a MySQL database, but when I push my app to Heroku (which only uses PostgreSQL), I get the following error: ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PGError: ERROR: column "msg_threads.subject" must appear in the GROUP BY clause or be used in an aggregate function: SELECT "msg_threads"."id" AS t0_r0, "msg_threads"."subject" AS t0_r1, "msg_threads"."originator_id" AS t0_r2, "msg_thr eads"."created_at" AS t0_r3, "msg_threads"."updated_at" AS t0_r4, "msg_threads"."url_key" AS t0_r5, "deletion_flags"."id" AS t1_r0, "deletion_flags"."user_id" AS t1_r1, "deletion_flags"."msg_thread_id" AS t1_r2, "deletion_flags"."confirmed" AS t1_r3, "deletion_flags"."created_at" AS t1_r4, "deletion_flags"."updated_at" AS t1_r5, "recipiences"."id" AS t2_r0, "recipiences"."user_id" AS t2_r1, "recipiences"."msg_thread_id" AS t2_r2, "recipiences"."created_at" AS t2_r3, "recipien ces"."updated_at" AS t2_r4 FROM "msg_threads" LEFT OUTER JOIN "deletion_flags" ON deletion_flags.msg_thread_id = msg_threads.id LEFT OUTER JOIN "recipiences" ON recipiences.msg_thread_id = msg_threads.id WHERE (recipiences.user_id = 1 AND deletion_flags.user_id IS NULL) GROUP BY msg_threads.id) I'm not as familiar with the working of Postgres, so what would I need to add here to get this working? Thanks!

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• Aggregating a list of dates to start and end date

  - by Joe Mako

  I have a list of dates and IDs, and I would like to roll them up into periods of consucitutive dates, within each ID. For a table with the columns "testid" and "pulldate" in a table called "data": | A79 | 2010-06-02 | | A79 | 2010-06-03 | | A79 | 2010-06-04 | | B72 | 2010-04-22 | | B72 | 2010-06-03 | | B72 | 2010-06-04 | | C94 | 2010-04-09 | | C94 | 2010-04-10 | | C94 | 2010-04-11 | | C94 | 2010-04-12 | | C94 | 2010-04-13 | | C94 | 2010-04-14 | | C94 | 2010-06-02 | | C94 | 2010-06-03 | | C94 | 2010-06-04 | I want to generate a table with the columns "testid", "group", "start_date", "end_date": | A79 | 1 | 2010-06-02 | 2010-06-04 | | B72 | 2 | 2010-04-22 | 2010-04-22 | | B72 | 3 | 2010-06-03 | 2010-06-04 | | C94 | 4 | 2010-04-09 | 2010-04-14 | | C94 | 5 | 2010-06-02 | 2010-06-04 | This is the the code I came up with: SELECT t2.testid, t2.group, MIN(t2.pulldate) AS start_date, MAX(t2.pulldate) AS end_date FROM(SELECT t1.pulldate, t1.testid, SUM(t1.check) OVER (ORDER BY t1.testid,t1.pulldate) AS group FROM(SELECT data.pulldate, data.testid, CASE WHEN data.testid=LAG(data.testid,1) OVER (ORDER BY data.testid,data.pulldate) AND data.pulldate=date (LAG(data.pulldate,1) OVER (PARTITION BY data.testid ORDER BY data.pulldate)) + integer '1' THEN 0 ELSE 1 END AS check FROM data ORDER BY data.testid, data.pulldate) AS t1) AS t2 GROUP BY t2.testid,t2.group ORDER BY t2.group; I use the use the LAG windowing function to compare each row to the previous, putting a 1 if I need to increment to start a new group, I then do a running sum of that column, and then aggregate to the combinations of "group" and "testid". Is there a better way to accomplish my goal, or does this operation have a name? I am using PostgreSQL 8.4

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• Error using to_char // to_timetamp

  - by pepersview

  Hello, I have a database in PostgreSQL and I'm developing an application in PHP using this database. The problem is that when I execute the following query I get a nice result in phpPgAdmin but in my PHP application I get an error. The query: SELECT t.t_name, t.t_firstname FROM teachers AS t WHERE t.id_teacher IN (SELECT id_teacher FROM teacher_course AS tcourse JOIN course_timetable AS coursetime ON tcourse.course = coursetime.course AND to_char(to_timestamp('2010-4-12', 'YYYY-MM-DD'),'FMD') = (coursetime.day +1)) AND t.id_teacher NOT IN (SELECT id_teacher FROM teachers_fill WHERE date = '2010-4-12') ORDER BY t.t_name ASC And this is the error in PHP operator does not exist: text = integer (to_timestamp('', 'YYYY-MM-DD'),'FMD') = (courset... ^ HINT: No operator matches the given name and argument type(s). You might need to add explicit type casts. The purpose to solve this error is to use the ORIGINAL query in php with : $date = "2010"."-".$selected_month."-".$selected_day; SELECT t.t_name, t.t_firstname FROM teachers AS t WHERE t.id_teacher IN (SELECT id_teacher FROM teacher_course AS tcourse JOIN course_timetable AS coursetime ON tcourse.course = coursetime.course AND to_char(to_timestamp('$date', 'YYYY-MM-DD'),'FMD') = (coursetime.day +1)) AND t.id_teacher NOT IN (SELECT id_teacher FROM teachers_fill WHERE date = '$date') ORDER BY t.t_name ASC

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• How do I execute queries upon DB connection in Rails?

  - by sycobuny

  I have certain initializing functions that I use to set up audit logging on the DB server side (ie, not rails) in PostgreSQL. At least one has to be issued (setting the current user) before inserting data into or updating any of the audited tables, or else the whole query will fail spectacularly. I can easily call these every time before running any save operation in the code, but DRY makes me think I should have the code repeated in as few places as possible, particularly since this diverges greatly from the ideal of database agnosticism. Currently I'm attempting to override ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection in an initializer to set it up so that the queries are run as soon as I connect automatically, but it doesn't behave as I expect it to. Here is the code in the initializer: class ActiveRecord::Base # extend the class methods, not the instance methods class << self alias :old_establish_connection :establish_connection # hide the default def establish_connection(*args) ret = old_establish_connection(*args) # call the default # set up necessary session variables for audit logging # call these after calling default, to make sure conn is established 1st db = self.class.connection db.execute("SELECT SV.set('current_user', 'test@localhost')") db.execute("SELECT SV.set('audit_notes', NULL)") # end "empty variable" err ret # return the default's original value end end end puts "Loaded custom establish_connection into ActiveRecord::Base" sycobuny:~/rails$ ruby script/server = Booting WEBrick = Rails 2.3.5 application starting on http://0.0.0.0:3000 Loaded custom establish_connection into ActiveRecord::Base This doesn't give me any errors, and unfortunately I can't check what the method looks like internally (I was using ActiveRecord::Base.method(:establish_connection), but apparently that creates a new Method object each time it's called, which is seemingly worthless cause I can't check object_id for any worthwhile information and I also can't reverse the compilation). However, the code never seems to get called, because any attempt to run a save or an update on a database object fails as I predicted earlier. If this isn't a proper way to execute code immediately on connection to the database, then what is?

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