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• scsi and ata entries for same hard drive under /dev/disk/by-id

  - by John Dibling

  I am trying to set up a ZFS pool using 4 bare drives which I have attached to my Ubuntu system via a SATA hot swap backplane. These are Hitachi SATA drives. When I list the contents of /dev/disk/by-id, I see two entries for each drive: root@scorpius:/dev/disk/by-id# ls | grep Hitachi ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1064C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG190AC ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1DGPC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1064C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG190AC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1DGPC I know these are the same drives because I wrote down the serial numbers, and all the other drives in this system are either Seagate or WD. The serial number for the first one, for example, is YNG0ZJ7C. Why are there two entries here for each drive? More to the point, when I create my ZFS pool which one should I use; the scsi- one or the ata- one?

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• Almost All Logical Volumes Disappeared - Recovery?

  - by Alex

  We had a hard disc crash of one of two hard discs in a software raid with a LVM on top. The server is running Citrix xenserver. On the hard disk which is still intact, the volume group gets detected well, but only one LV is left. (some hashes replaced by "x") # lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae/MGT VG Name VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae LV UUID x-x-x-x-x-x-vQmZ6C LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 4.00 MiB Current LE 1 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 root@rescue ~ # vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 698.62 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 178848 Alloc PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB Free PE / Size 178847 / 698.62 GiB VG UUID x-x-x-x-x-x-53w0kL I could understand if a full physical volume is lost - but why only the logical volumes? Is there any explanation for this? Is there any way to recover the logical volumes? EDIT We are here in a rescue system. The problem is that the whole server does not boot (GRUB error 22) What we are trying to do is to access the root filesystem. But everything was in the LVM. We have only this: (parted) print Model: ATA SAMSUNG HD753LJ (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 750GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 750GB 750GB primary boot, lvm And this 750GB LVM volume is exactly what we see on top.

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• How to Extending a logical volume in WMWare

  - by Mercer

  down vote favorite i have a CentOS 6.3 into my Virtual Machine. I have 2 Disk: Disk#1 = 18G Disk#2 = 20G [root@vm ~]# df -h Filesystem Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_root 1008M 250M 708M 27% / tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 194M 31M 154M 17% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_home 504M 17M 462M 4% /home /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_opt 2.0G 68M 1.9G 4% /opt /dev/mapper/vg_produits-lv_grid 6.9G 2.5G 4.1G 38% /opt/grid /dev/mapper/vg_produits-lv_oracle 6.9G 144M 6.4G 3% /opt/oracle /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_tmp 2.8G 71M 2.6G 3% /tmp /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_usr 2.5G 1.6G 799M 67% /usr /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_var 2.0G 278M 1.6G 15% /var So i want to extend my /tmp and my /opt/oracle like this: 10Go in/tmp 13Go in /opt/oracle Thx.

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• how to properly edit hosts, hostname and resolf.conf? [migrated]

  - by Firewall

  i,v been searching the internet for a real noop tutorial on the subject but could not found any direct info. on how to edit these files the proper way. i,v got a debian internet server that i use to host some personal domains and runs squid and rTorrent. the server is up and running with no problems but i am confused about a few things. lets say that i named my server (foo), my domain is (example.com) and my public IP is 95.211.133.200 now: should /etc/hostname contains: tango.example.com or tango <----- just the server name should /etc/hosts contains: 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 95.211.133.200 foo.example.com foo should /etc/resolf.conf contains (along with the nameservers) both: domain example.com search example.com or just the first one. are there any other files that i should edit in order to make things right? last thing, the command: domainname returns: (none) i believe it should return (example.com). what should i do to correct that?

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• (monit) What does failure "Changed" mean

  - by bresc

  Hi, I installed monit on my server and tried to monitor nginx. check process nginx with pidfile /var/run/nginx.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/nginx start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/nginx stop" group server And I get Process 'nginx' status Changed monitoring status monitored data collected Wed Mar 24 00:37:49 2010 What does "Changed" mean? I couldn't find anything. Thx

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• securing communication between 2 Linux servers on local network for ports only they need access to

  - by gkdsp

  I have two Linux servers connected to each other via a cross-connect cable, forming a local network. One of the servers presents a DMZ for the other server (e.g. database server) that must be very secure. I'm restricting this question to communication between the two servers for ports that only need to be available to these servers (and no one else). Thus, communication between the two servers can be established by: (1) opening the required port(s) on both servers, and authenticating according to the applications' rules. (2) disabling IP Tables associated with the NIC cards the cross-connect cable is attached to (on both servers). Which method is more secure? In the first case, the needed ports are open to the external world, but protected by user name and password. In the second case, none of the needed ports are open to the outside world, but since the IP Tables are disabled for the NIC cards associated with the cross-connect cables, essentially all of the ports may be considered to be "open" between the two servers (and so if the server creating the DMZ is compromized, the hacker on the DMZ server could view all ports open using the cross-connect cable). Any conventional wisdom how to make the communication secure between two servers for ports only these servers need access to?

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• Netbeans automatically changes the file owner when updating files

  - by Alon_A

  We use Netbeans IDE 7.2 to edit our PHP files. In the Run Configuration it is configured as Remote Web Site to automatically save the changes on our web server (Centos OS 6.3). The problem is that every time it is updating the files the owner of the file is changed from apache:apache to userThatUploadedTheFile:users. This causes us problems with SOAP cache files that are configured with apache:apache ownership, and we need to manually chownit back to apache:apache. We've checked the "Preserve Remote File Permissions" checkbox, so the permissions are not changed, only the owner. Is there any solution to preserve the ownership ?

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• Execute script before shutting down in Ubuntu

  - by juanefren

  When I shut down my computer I want to show some pending tasks that I have to do before leaving the office... I did a local application to manage those tasks, so basically I just want to run a command, and shut down after I kill the app executed. I have already tried with these options: * /etc/gdm/PostSession/Default -- this works only when I select LogOut option instead Shutdown. * /etc/rc0.d/K01mycustomscript -- execute script after X is killed * $HOME/.bash_logout -- This looks like does nothing. * ./app-to-run && sudo shutdown -h now -- Don't like it for 2 reasons, prompts for sudo password, and can't use my laptop shutdown button. I am using Ubuntu 10.04

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• sendmail appends server name to external domains when relaying

  - by Chris

  My server is set to send all email to a corporate relay server. For the company domain, it works perfectly. I've recently found emails being sent to an outside domain are getting the hostname of my server appended to the email prior to being sent. Here is the log entry for one such attempt. Nov 6 09:46:45 myservername sendmail[45023]: rA6EkjiI045023: [email protected], delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30590, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (rA6Ekj2g045037 Message accepted for delivery) Nov 6 09:46:45 myservername sendmail[45061]: rA6Ekj2g045037: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=120885, relay=relay.company.com [x.x.x.x], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (ok: Message 342335947 accepted) Notice the email address difference between it being accepted by my server for delivery (correct email address), and being sent and accepted by the corporate relay (incorrect with server name appended). To make it more interesting, the application on my server uses email for user account verification/activation. In August, this particular user was able to register his account and activate it. I have made no configuration changes to mail since setting the server up over a year ago. DNS is also a corporate service. I've never touched my /etc/resolv.conf configuration. domain company.com nameserver <ip1> nameserver <ip2> search myservername Thanks!

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• Ubuntu: Memory Leak

  - by Keener

  I'm having trouble finding from where this memory leak is occurring. I'm running Ubuntu 8.04 LTS on a Dell XPS M1530. I have 3GB of ram and I'm finding after about an hour or so of use top shows me 2GBs+ used. The strange thing is when I add up the memory percentages by PID either from top or ps aux I find that I should only be using about 20-25% of my available ram. What brought this to my attention was I've begun running vmware server again. Now, obviously the ram usage spikes when I load a virtual machine, but the memory VMware is using does not account for the memory usage I'm seeing via top or free. Stopping vmware server releases the memory which was allocated to it, but I'm still unable to find where this RAM is being used. After a complete reboot, of course, the memory is fine, but very quickly it climbs to 60-80% usage with the processes only appearing to account for a third of that. Any ideas where I should look for more information on what this could be?

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• How to get the speed of a network card on the command line?

  - by nelaar

  I am trying to see what the speed of some network cards on a remote server. Our reporting software says they are 10Mbps, but I am sure that is wrong they should be 1Gbps. Our monitoring software uses SNMP to query the servers, perhaps the servers are reporting information incorrectly. ifconfig does not report what the speed of the devices are. How can I see what the currently configured speed of the cards are.

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• OpenVPN on port 53

  - by TossUser

  I have an openvpn server setup on UDP port 53 on a public IP. All the connecting clients gets pushed external DNS servers such as 8.8.8.8 and opendns. Sometimes the resolution stops working on the connected vpn clients and I get strange packets in the openvpn log. Now my question is why is that? When a VPN client, let's say 192.168.1.22 does a DNS query that query should go to 8.8.8.8:53 and then an UDP response packet should be sent back to 192.168.1.22 on a high UDP port. Any ideas? Thanks

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• How do you get autofs and updatedb to work together?

  - by Veek.M

  /etc/my.misc sda1 -fstype=ntfs,user,exec :/dev/sda1 sda3 -fstype=ntfs,user,exec :/dev/sda3 sda4 -fstype=ntfs,user,exec :/dev/sda4 /etc/auto.master /my /etc/my.misc --ghost When I run locate .pdf, I get nothing because though the mount points (sda1, sda2, ..) are created in /my - there's nothing in them till I access them. Unfortunately this is not good enough for updatedb and it purges its cache of /my/sdaX files. How do I prevent/solve this problem?

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• How would I recognize the "spoon-feeding problem" on a dynamic webapp server?

  - by Don Spaulding

  The "spoon-feeding problem", as it was recently explained to me, happens when connections to your application server are tied up feeding data across slow network connections to your clients. This makes sense to me and now I understand the importance of putting a highly-concurrent proxy in front of my app servers. My question is, how did the first person to recognize this problem figure it out? What *nix tools and troubleshooting techniques would help me to recognize this problem if I hadn't had it explained to me?

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• What's the reason to break HDD to few partitions for MDADM+LVM2?

  - by archer

  I'm using 2 HDDs each 1TB in size. I'm going to create MDADM+LVM2 over them. Initially I though about this partition layout: /dev/sda1 - 1Gb (boot) /dev/sda2 - 500Gb (md0) /dev/sda3 - 499Gb (md1) /dev/sdb1 - 1Gb (boot) /dev/sdb2 - 500Gb (md0) /dev/sdb3 - 499Gb (md1) md0 is going to be raid0 and md1 is going to be raid1 however, I found some info that this would be better to break each drive to more partitions (lets say 10 partitions 100Gb in size each). What's the reason of doing that?

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• Bringing pages for a particular process out of swap

  - by intuited

  I'd like to know if it's possible to bring pages from a particular process into main memory, or to set parameters for a given process, or class of process so that it will not be swapped out.

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• Accidental Extract Location - How to Clean Up?

  - by Gordon

  Sometimes I will do a command such as unzip tons_of_files.zip And I will forget to put a -d to point to a subdirectory. This causes the current folder to get filled with tons of files that are intermixed with the existing files. What is the best way to remove all these new files and/or move them to a new directory? I want to avoid having to manually examine the directory and determine if the file was part of the archive or was already present.

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• Script to run chown on all folders and setting the owner as the folder name minus the trailing /

  - by Shikoki

  Some numpty ran chown -R username. in the /home folder on our webserver thinking he was in the desired folder. Needless to say the server is throwing a lot of wobbelys. We have over 200 websites and I don't want to chown them all individually so I'm trying to make a script that will change the owner of all the folders to the folder name, without the trailing /. This is all I have so far, once I can remove the / it will be fine, but I'd also like to check if the file contains a . in it, and if it doesn't then run the command, otherwise go to the next one. #!/bin/bash for f in * do test=$f; #manipluate the test variable chown -R $test $f done Any help would be great! Thanks in advance!

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• MySQL writing to net

  - by seengee

  I have a server that has been running at high CPU load due to MySQL activity, when i run the command mysqladmin pr i often see a few queries with the state "writing to net". I had a look around and couldn't find much out about this other than the fact i read somewhere that this shouldnt be expected in usual MySQL activity. Any ideas what this could mean? Running MySQL 5.0.91-community on CentOS 4.8

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• getting Thunderbird rescan imap folder

  - by asdmin

  Since I got an external program (imapfilter) modifying my imap folder, thunderbird keeps loosing track of new messages. Messages are moved upon arrival in sub-folders, making Thunderbird unable keep tracking them - therefore I have no clue which folders to look for new messages, and newly created folders (even I subscribe them after creation) does not show up until I restart the mail client. Is there any extension or setting for Thunderbird which I could use to trigger re-scanning my folder tree? Please don't waste time on advices like restarting Thunderbird: takes a great amount of time, or "use Evolution (or any other mail client)", or use internal mail filters: they are not sophisticated enough or procmail/fetchmail: I'm arranging a remote imap server for good EXTENSION 1: even folders can be created in the background, without Thunderbird would know it has been created.

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• Gentoo+urxvt+terminus: How do I change font version?

  - by gaidal

  In my Debian installation I can type extended ASCII characters such as åäö by default using the terminus font, however in Gentoo I can't get it to work so far. Nothing happens when I hit those keys, like in this thread: Missing glyphs in Terminus font, how to setup a fallback font ? But in this case I know terminus supports those characters in at least some of its versions, since it's works in Debian. So what I want is to find out how to see and choose which of the many different terminus font files is being used. I set the font in the same way on both Debian and Gentoo, using URxvt*font: xft:terminus:size=xx in .Xdefaults. Both systems use en_US.UTF-8 as default locale.

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• Physical Debian to VMWare: vmware-converter, dd-image or otherwise?

  - by Dabu

  we have two debian Lenny production machines, both running larger commercial websites. Now these machines need to be moved, and in the process, they need to be virtualized to VMWare ESX. If you believe the internet information, there are several ways to accomplish this. The easiest for us would be to use our weekly dd backup where the whole disk, however, I have no experience with this kind of technology and if it is really possible. The second best way would be via an application on the source machine virtualizing it and generating an ESX compatible VM. However, the software is beta and unsupported, and after installation, nothing really works (the /etc/init.d/vmware-converter script doesn't actually do anything, start and stop reply with success messages, yet ps shows that there are no new processes). The worst way with the most work would be to install a new machine and set it up manually, copying files and databases as needed. This part is clear in it's execution, and my question(s) do not touch this. Is my 1st way possible? Has anyone done this yet, or better, has a page with instructions? Or is there a help page that explains how to correctly install, run and use the vmware-converter tool using a Debian installation (it's possible that I dod something wrong during installation already)? Thank you.

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• What music streaming app fits my needs on Ubuntu?

  - by Jim

  I'm looking for an application to stream Internet radio on Ubuntu. I like listening to Radio Paradise while I work. Right now, I'm using Amarok. "Movie Player" sometimes refuses to open the stream, and VLC doesn't keep its window title updated with the currently playing track. Amarok has nice translucent notifications when tracks change, but track changes in streams don't trigger the notifications. Mostly, I want something that reliably opens streams and makes it easy to see the name of the track that's playing. If it has a built-in directory of streaming radio stations, that would be a big benefit.

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• Is there any reason this cronjob would fail in cron, but not on the command line?

  - by Treffynnon

  I have written a little one liner that will email me when a list of files changes - I used sha512 to generate a list of hashes and then periodically check that those hashes still match. */5 * * * * /usr/bin/sha512sum --status -c /sha512.sumlist && echo "Success" > /dev/null || echo "Check robots.txt and index.html in /var/www as staging sites are now potentially exposed to the world and the damned googlebot" | /usr/bin/mail -s "Default staging server files have changed" [email protected] It works fine on the command line with: /usr/bin/sha512sum --status -c /sha512.sumlist && echo "Success" > /dev/null || echo "Check robots.txt and index.html in /var/www as staging sites are now potentially exposed to the world and the damned googlebot" | /usr/bin/mail -s "Default staging server files have changed" [email protected] As soon as I run it as a cronjob though it emails every time it runs with the failure message instead of only when the sha512sum check should fail. Is there something silly I have missed in a rush? I forgot to mention that I am running an Ubuntu machine.

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• Xorg configuration file on Debian Testing

  - by nubicurio

  I cannot find the Xorg configuration file on my newly installed Debian on my tablet-pc, so I followed this tutorial http://wiki.debian.org/Xorg and ran the command "Xorg -configure", to which I got the following error messages: (EE) Failed to load module "vmwgfx" (module does not exist, 0) (EE) vmware: Please ignore the above warnings about not being able to load module/driver vmwgfx (++) Using config file: "/root/xorg.conf.new" (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d" FATAL: Module fbcon not found. Number of created screens does not match number of detected devices. Configuration failed. Dose anyone know what this means and how I should proceed? Why is there a warning about vmware, and what is this fbcon module?

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