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  • iptables logging not working?

    - by vps_newcomer
    OS: Ubuntu 10.04 Logging daemon: rsyslog For some reason i'm not getting any iptables logs, even thought i don't look through them very often i'd still like to get it working for the sake of it working XD Here is my /etc/ryslog.d/iptables.conf :msg, contains, "[IPTABLES]" -/var/log/iptables.log & ~ My iptables logging prefix is "[IPTABLES]" followed by whatever else (example [IPTABLES] Denied xyz) the /var/log/iptables.log file is being created, however its not getting any entries. I can see the logging entries in dmesg but not in syslog or messages. Whats going on? EDIT: My iptables logging rules: # logging limit LoggingLimit=5/min LoggingPrefix=IPTABLES # Logging chain iptables -N LOG_REJECT iptables -A LOG_REJECT -j LOG # join INPUT to LOG_REJECT iptables -A INPUT -j LOG_REJECT # logging iptables -A LOG_REJECT -p tcp -m limit --limit $LoggingLimit -j LOG --log-prefix "$LoggingPrefix Denied TCP: " #--log-level 7 iptables -A LOG_REJECT -p udp -m limit --limit $LoggingLimit -j LOG --log-prefix "$LoggingPrefix Denied UDP: " #--log-level 7 iptables -A LOG_REJECT -p icmp -m limit --limit $LoggingLimit -j LOG --log-prefix "$LoggingPrefix Denied ICMP: " #--log-level 7 Update: I found a thread that has the same symptoms as i do, apparently is a kernel bug. I am using a VPS so could anyone point me on how to upgrade my kernel or apply a workaround? I couldn't find a 2.6.34 kernel listed in apt-cache. Thread: http://www.linode.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=5533

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  • I wanna save some terminal commands in a file

    - by Jakob Abfalter
    I am using Opensuse 12.3 What I wanna do is, create a link on my desktop for some specific terminal commandos. The backround is, that I do some backup via rsync and don`t wanna type the commandos everytime new. I also dont wanna use a cronjob, since my computer isnt running everytime. Perfect would be some desktop icons, which on clicking execute the command(s). Could somebody tell me how to do this?

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  • Weird nfs performance: 1 thread better than 8, 8 better than 2!

    - by Joe
    I'm trying to determine the cause of poor nfs performance between two Xen Virtual Machines (client & server) running on the same host. Specifically, the speed at which I can sequentially read a 1GB file on the client is much lower than what would be expected based on the measured network connection speed between the two VMs and the measured speed of reading the file directly on the server. The VMs are running Ubuntu 9.04 and the server is using the nfs-kernel-server package. According to various NFS tuning resources, changing the number of nfsd threads (in my case kernel threads) can affect performance. Usually this advice is framed in terms of increasing the number from the default of 8 on heavily-used servers. What I find in my current configuration: RPCNFSDCOUNT=8: (default): 13.5-30 seconds to cat a 1GB file on the client so 35-80MB/sec RPCNFSDCOUNT=16: 18s to cat the file 60MB/s RPCNFSDCOUNT=1: 8-9 seconds to cat the file (!!?!) 125MB/s RPCNFSDCOUNT=2: 87s to cat the file 12MB/s I should mention that the file I'm exporting is on a RevoDrive SSD mounted on the server using Xen's PCI-passthrough; on the server I can cat the file in under seconds ( 250MB/s). I am dropping caches on the client before each test. I don't really want to leave the server configured with just one thread as I'm guessing that won't work so well when there are multiple clients, but I might be misunderstanding how that works. I have repeated the tests a few times (changing the server config in between) and the results are fairly consistent. So my question is: why is the best performance with 1 thread? A few other things I have tried changing, to little or no effect: increasing the values of /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ipfrag_low_thresh and /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ipfrag_high_thresh to 512K, 1M from the default 192K,256K increasing the value of /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_default and /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max to 1M from the default of 128K mounting with client options rsize=32768, wsize=32768 From the output of sar -d I understand that the actual read sizes going to the underlying device are rather small (<100 bytes) but this doesn't cause a problem when reading the file locally on the client. The RevoDrive actually exposes two "SATA" devices /dev/sda and /dev/sdb, then dmraid picks up a fakeRAID-0 striped across them which I have mounted to /mnt/ssd and then bind-mounted to /export/ssd. I've done local tests on my file using both locations and see the good performance mentioned above. If answers/comments ask for more details I will add them.

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  • Moving directories full of files over the top

    - by JavaRocky
    I took a backup of a directory which has a number directories and files inside them. Recently some files have gone missing. I would like to just move over the missing files. I prefer moving files instead of just copying as space is a premium on this particular box and the files are quite large. How can i achieve this?

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  • Cant get squid proxy to work

    - by danielgratz
    i need squid proxy on my centos server. But i just can't get it to work. I did yum install squid. Here is my squid.conf file (i removed all comments): acl all src 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0 acl manager proto cache_object acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/255.255.255.255 acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8 acl SSL_ports port 443 acl Safe_ports port 80 acl Safe_ports port 21 acl Safe_ports port 443 acl Safe_ports port 70 acl Safe_ports port 210 acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535 acl Safe_ports port 280 acl Safe_ports port 488 acl Safe_ports port 591 acl Safe_ports port 777 acl CONNECT method CONNECT acl our_networks src 192.168.1.0/24 192.168.2.0/24 http_access allow our_networks http_access allow manager localhost http_access deny manager http_access deny !Safe_ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports http_access allow localhost http_access deny all icp_access allow all http_port 3128 hierarchy_stoplist cgi-bin ? access_log /var/log/squid/access.log squid acl QUERY urlpath_regex cgi-bin \? cache deny QUERY refresh_pattern ^ftp: 1440 20% 10080 refresh_pattern ^gopher: 1440 0% 1440 refresh_pattern . 0 20% 4320 acl apache rep_header Server ^Apache broken_vary_encoding allow apache coredump_dir /var/spool/squid Then i just put my server's public ip and port 3128 into my web browsers proxy settings... but it isn't working i can't visit any website. Please help. Thanks.

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  • Allow outgoing connections for DNS

    - by Jimmy
    I'm new to IPtables, but I am trying to setup a secure server to host a website and allow SSH. This is what I have so far: #!/bin/sh i=/sbin/iptables # Flush all rules $i -F $i -X # Setup default filter policy $i -P INPUT DROP $i -P OUTPUT DROP $i -P FORWARD DROP # Respond to ping requests $i -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT # Force SYN checks $i -A INPUT -p tcp ! --syn -m state --state NEW -j DROP # Drop all fragments $i -A INPUT -f -j DROP # Drop XMAS packets $i -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL ALL -j DROP # Drop NULL packets $i -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL NONE -j DROP # Stateful inspection $i -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow established connections $i -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allow unlimited traffic on loopback $i -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $i -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT # Open nginx $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # Open SSH $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT However I've locked down my outgoing connections and it means I can't resolve any DNS. How do I allow that? Also, any other feedback is appreciated. James

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  • How to execute a command whenever a file changes?

    - by Denilson Sá
    I want a quick and simple way to execute a command whenever a file changes. I want something very simple, something I will leave running on a terminal and close it whenever I'm finished working with that file. Currently, I'm using this: while read; do ./myfile.py ; done And then I need to go to that terminal and press Enter, whenever I save that file on my editor. What I want is something like this: while sleep_until_file_has_changed myfile.py ; do ./myfile.py ; done Or any other solution as easy as that. BTW: I'm using Vim, and I know I can add an autocommand to run something on BufWrite, but this is not the kind of solution I want now. Update: I want something simple, discardable if possible. What's more, I want something to run in a terminal because I want to see the program output (I want to see error messages). About the answers: Thanks for all your answers! All of them are very good, and each one takes a very different approach from the others. Since I need to accept only one, I'm accepting the one that I've actually used (it was simple, quick and easy-to-remember), even though I know it is not the most elegant.

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  • Securing debain with fail2ban or iptables

    - by Jimmy
    I'm looking to secure my server. Initially my first thought was to use iptables but then I also learnt about Fail2ban. I understand that Fail2ban is based on iptables, but it has the advantages of being able to ban IP's after a number of attempts. Let's say I want to block FTP completely: Should I write a separate IPtable rule to block FTP, and use Fail2ban just for SSH Or instead simply put all rules, even the FTP blocking rule within the Fail2Ban config Any help on this would be appreciated. James

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  • disable specific PCI device at boot

    - by Rhymoid
    I've just reinstalled Debian on my Sony VAIO laptop, and my dmesg and virtual consoles all get spammed with the same messages over and over again. [ 59.662381] hub 1-1:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 2 [ 59.901732] usb 1-1.2: new high-speed USB device number 91 using ehci_hcd [ 59.917940] hub 1-1:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 2 [ 60.157256] usb 1-1.2: new high-speed USB device number 92 using ehci_hcd I believe these messages are coming from an internally connected USB device, most likely the webcam (since that's the only thing that doesn't work). The only way I can seem to have it shut up (without killing my actually useful USB ports) is to disable one of the USB host controllers: # echo "0000:00:1a.0" > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/ehci_hcd/unbind This also takes down my Bluetooth interface, but I'm fine with that. I would like this setting to persist, so that I can painlessly use my virtual console again in case I need it. I want my operating system (Debian amd64) to never wake it up, but I don't know how to do this. I've tried to blacklist the module alias for the PCI device, but it seems to be ignored: $ cat /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000\:00\:1a.0/modalias pci:v00008086d00003B3Csv0000104Dsd00009071bc0Csc03i20 $ cat /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist blacklist pci:v00008086d00003B3Csv0000104Dsd00009071bc0Csc03i20 How do I ensure that this specific PCI device is never automatically activated, without disabling its driver altogether? -edit- The module was renamed recently, now the following works from userland: echo "0000:00:1a.0" > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/ehci-pci/unbind Still, I'm looking for a way to stop the kernel from binding that device in the first place.

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  • How do I set default group ownership for files in a directory?

    - by tnichols
    I am running a cakephp webapp on Linode LAMP. I am finding that my temp files are created with root:root ownership. But the webapp is running with Apache's permissions (www-data). This causes warnings any time there is a new file created because it is not writable for user www-data. How do I change the default ownership to www-data on any new files created in the temp folder? Thanks for your help!

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  • How does Heartbeat determine when to switch to the secondary? Can you force it to switch?

    - by John
    I've been trying to understand exactly how Heartbeat works - I understand how when one server dies, it switches to the backup. But, for me, it also switches when the primary has a large increase in workload. But, it doesn't always switch at the same value. There doesn't seem to much information on the web about how it works. The best I've found is this article. How does Heartbeat determine when to switch to the secondary, and how does it determine when it switch back to the primary? Is this an editable setting, and can I force it to switch between one and the other? Sometimes when Heartbeat will switch to the secondary, it takes a few days or I've even seen two weeks before it switches back to the primary. This is well after the primary traffic has gone down. I'm currently using BlueOnyx, and my Heartbeat settings are: Auto Failback: on Keepalive: 1 seconds Warntime: 10 seconds Deadtime: 20 seconds Initdead: 30 seconds

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  • "shell not found" on start of backtrack 5

    - by Jor-el
    I am using backtrack5 in VMware on my system. I was trying to change my default shell to ksh. After executing the 'chsh' command. On restarting the OS, it shows "Cannot execute ksh: no such file or directory", which apparently because of giving a bad path while changing shell. Because of this I am not able to start the OS, as I have no terminal to interact with (cannot start the GUI). Now I need to restore the previous shell, but I don't have any access to the terminal. Thanks for the help.

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  • iptables rule for forwarding outbound traffic

    - by Claudiu
    I am trying to forward the outbound traffic to another server. Current rule is: /sbin/iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -s localhost -o 91.xxx.xxx.xxx --dport 65000:65010 -j ACCEPT but when I do a iptables -L, the rule its showed like this: ACCEPT tcp -- localhost.localdomain anywhere tcp dpts:65000:65010 So I guess my rule is bad written since the "destination" column shows "anywhere" Can you help me with this?

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  • Hadoop Rolling Small files

    - by Arenstar
    I am running Hadoop on a project and need a suggestion. Generally by default Hadoop has a "block size" of around 64mb.. There is also a suggestion to not use many/small files.. I am currently having very very very small files being put into HDFS due to the application design of flume.. The problem is, that Hadoop <= 0.20 cannot append to files, whereby i have too many files for my map-reduce to function efficiently.. There must be a correct way to simply roll/merge roughly 100 files into one.. Therefore Hadoop is effectively reading 1 large file instead of 10 Any Suggestions??

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  • What kind of issues would occur if resolve.conf had no dns servers set?

    - by Stuart Woodward
    I want to create a server for a customer and have that customer finish the configuration for themselves. It was been decided that rather than setting default DNS servers (i.e. something like Google's) that the customer should enter the information by themselves. I assume that the customer is technically competent enough to do this. If however they forget or neglect to set this up they might spend some time trying to figure out what is wrong and eventually contact support. (In this case, I think that setting a default might have been better.) Apart from the obvious inability to resolve hosts, what other issues might they face until they have set valid dns servers in resolve.conf?

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  • How can I ensure that my static ip address is read from /etc/network/interfaces rather than dhcp?

    - by jonderry
    This is a follow up to the following question. I'm trying to set a static IP by changing /etc/network/interfaces to the following: # interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8) auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.2.133 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.2.1 dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 and then running /sbin/ifdown eth0; /sbin/ifup eth0. However, the change in IP address doesn't appear to take effect without editing /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf and commenting out the following before running ifdown; ifup: request subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers, domain-name, domain-name-servers, domain-search, host-name, dhcp6.name-servers, dhcp6.domain-search, netbios-name-servers, netbios-scope, interface-mtu, rfc3442-classless-static-routes, ntp-servers, dhcp6.fqdn, dhcp6.sntp-servers; Strangely, after commenting out this line, running ifdown; ifup works, but when I uncomment it, the behavior does not revert to the previous behavior of ignoring changes to my settings in /etc/network/interfaces (this doesn't seem like a problem, but I really need to be able to repeat this problem so that I can be confident that my solution is robust) Also, I'd rather not have to edit /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf to change my static IP since it seems I should be able to do this by only editing interfaces. Can anyone explain the issues I'm seeing above and suggest the best way of making changes to static IP addresses take effect that admits reproducibility so that I can be sure that my approach works?

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  • Running two Magentos installations, one of which has 3 stores set up as multi-store. Which server?

    - by Pedro Peixoto
    I want to run 4 Magento stores in 2 different installations. 1 is a standalonne installation with 3 languages. The other is a multi-store with 3 different online stores in different domains. At the moment we have a VPS with 1GB memory, would that be enough? I ask because I've finished the standalone store and already put it online, and the server is already running on 62% memory. The ideal would be that this is enough as my company wouldn't like to move to a Dedicated Server (as it involves costs). I'm sure I can try to optimize Magento to run on lower memory (I'm expecting visits averaging 2000/day on all sites), if I could have some tips on the best way to do that Id appreciate it too.

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  • rsync --link-dest behaviour when run as sudo

    - by fotNelton
    In order to create regular backups, I'm using rsync together with --link-dest so as to create hard-links for unchanged files. For example: rsync -ax \ --partial --delete --delete-excluded --inplace \ --exclude-from=/tmp/temp_excludes \ --link-dest=/Volumes/Backup/current \ /Users /Volumes/Backup/2012-06-25 This works very well as long as I start the process from my normal user account. Though as soon as I start the process using sudo it behaves erradically, meaning that rsync copies all the unchanged files instead of hard-linking them. Since sudo modifies the environment, I've already also tried sudo -E in conjunction with making sure that my sudoers file has the corresponding option set. Well, that didn't work either. So, the question is, how can I run rsync using sudo? Whereas the above example only shows a backup of the Users directory, I also need to backup some system files that I can only access as root.

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  • GRUB2 not detecting OS on raid partitions

    - by sleeves
    I have recently added a drive to a system and have successfully raid'ed (RAID-1) the paritions, with the exception of the boot partition. I have it ready and mirrored, but can't get GRUB2 (update-grub) to find it. System: Ubuntu 11.04 Raid Metadata: 1.2 If I run update-grub, it finds the kernel images on the /dev/sda2 partition (present root) but not the images on /dev/md127. /dev/md127 is composed of "missing" and "/dev/sdb2". fdisk on /dev/sdb confirms that sdb2 is of type fd (raid autodetect) and is also flagged bootable. I have two things I want to do. Make the boot.cfg on /dev/sdb2 have a menu option to have the root be /dev/md127 Install grub onto /dev/md127 so the actual boot.cfg from there is being used. Thanks!

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  • running a web server with encrypted file system (all or part of it)

    - by Carlos
    Hi, I need a webserver (lamp) running inside a virtual machine (#1) running as a service (#2) in headless mode (#3) with part or the whole filesystem encrypted (#4). The virtual machine will be started with no user intervention and provide access to a web application for users in the host machine. Points #1,#2 and #3 are checked and proved to be working fine with Sun VirtualBox, so my question is for #4: Can I encrypt the all filesystem and still access the webserver (using a browser) or will grub ask me for a password? If encrypting the all filesystem is not an option, can I encrypt only /home and /var/www ? will apache/php be able to use files in /home or /var/www without asking for a password or mounting these partitions manually? Thanks

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  • Creating ip alias on bonded interface ie. bond0:1

    - by bobothechimp
    System: HP Proliant DL360 G5 running CentOS 5.4 Bonded interface is working fine for a long time. I just went to add an alias the way I always have on a regular interface, and on first check it works (pinging on the local box) but it is not accessable from outside (iptables is turned off). In addition with this setup the normal network response started to decline, hanging for around a minute before I could get a prompt on login. Here are my config files: [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes USERCTL=no [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes USERCTL=no [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-bond0 DEVICE=bond0 BONDING_OPTS="mode=1 miimon=100" BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes NETWORK=10.2.1.0 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 IPADDR=10.2.1.11 USERCTL=no [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-bond0:1 DEVICE=bond0:1 BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes NETWORK=10.2.1.0 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 IPADDR=10.2.1.12 USERCTL=no any thoughts?

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  • setting up a samba PDC -error with testparm

    - by Rungano
    Hi guys I have installed a samba PDC but when I test the samba configurations file I am getting errors like these, "Invalid combination of parameters for service homes. Map system can only work if create mask includes octal 010 (S_IXGRP)." My Configuration file is as follows [homes] comment = Home Directories path = /home_srv1/%u valid users = %S read only = No create mask = 0660 directory mask = 0770 browseable = No I tried to google but with no luck, Serverfault is always my best hope. Thanks for helping out.

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  • Free Hosting control panel

    - by John Maxim
    Hello All, I'm in the mid of researching for one of the best hosting control panels. The server I run is Ubuntu and I have some experience with ISPConfig 2 & 3. Since I haven't explored any others available, what are the recommended ones for an Ubuntu server? I asked because I find that there seems to be some disabling and modifications required for an Ubuntu server if I need to use ispconfig which causes the server to change its actual way of running. It's quite good though, but any more recommended ones ? Something more organic? which doesn't require much breaking and changing. I'm not asking for the simple one, I don't mind going extra mile to install a powerful one but just try sticking with most Ubuntu's conventions will be an ideal one for me. And of course, if there happens to be something that meets the requirement as mentioned "Ubuntu conventions" and also simple to install at the same time, that'd be a bonus. Thanks in advance.

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