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  • Trying to write a std::iterator : Compilation error

    - by Naveen
    I am trying to write an std::iterator for the CArray<Type,ArgType> MFC class. This is what I have done till now: template <class Type, class ArgType> class CArrayIterator : public std::iterator<std::random_access_iterator_tag, ArgType> { public: CArrayIterator(CArray<Type,ArgType>& array_in, int index_in = 0) : m_pArray(&array_in), m_index(index_in) { } void operator++() { ++m_index; } void operator++(int) { ++m_index; } void operator--() { --m_index; } void operator--(int) { --m_index; } void operator+=(int n) { m_index += n; } void operator-=(int n) { m_index -= n; } typename ArgType operator*() const{ return m_pArray->GetAt(m_index); } typename ArgType operator->() const { return m_pArray->GetAt(m_index); } bool operator==(const CArrayIterator& other) const { return m_pArray == other.m_pArray && m_index == other.m_index; } bool operator!=(const CArrayIterator& other) const { return ! (operator==(other)); } private: CArray<Type,ArgType>* m_pArray; int m_index; }; I also provided two helper functions to create the iterators like this: template<class Type, class ArgType> CArrayIterator<Type,ArgType> make_begin(CArray<Type,ArgType>& array_in) { return CArrayIterator<Type,ArgType>(array_in, 0); } template<class Type, class ArgType> CArrayIterator<Type,ArgType> make_end(CArray<Type,ArgType>& array_in) { return CArrayIterator<Type,ArgType>(array_in, array_in.GetSize()); } To test the code, I wrote a simple class A and tried to use it like this: class A { public: A(int n): m_i(n) { } int get() const { return m_i; } private: int m_i; }; struct Test { void operator()(A* p) { std::cout<<p->get()<<"\n"; } }; int main(int argc, char **argv) { CArray<A*, A*> b; b.Add(new A(10)); b.Add(new A(20)); std::for_each(make_begin(b), make_end(b), Test()); return 0; } But when I compile this code, I get the following error: Error 4 error C2784: 'bool std::operator <(const std::_Tree<_Traits &,const std::_Tree<_Traits &)' : could not deduce template argument for 'const std::_Tree<_Traits &' from 'CArrayIterator' C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\include\xutility 1564 Vs8Console Can anybody throw some light on what I am doing wrong and how it can be corrected? I am using VC9 compiler if it matters.

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  • Error With CBitmapContextCreate, CGContextDrawImage, CGBitmapContextCreateImage

    - by wsidell
    Error: CGBitmapContextCreate: invalid data bytes/row: should be at least 400 for 8 integer bits/component, 3 components, kCGImageAlphaNoneSkipFirst. Error: CGContextDrawImage: invalid context Error: CGBitmapContextCreateImage: invalid context Currently, I have in application that runs perfectly in OS 4.0, but I have been trying to get it to work properly in 3.1.3 and I keep getting the errors mentioned above. I am fairly new to iPhone development and am not exactly sure what the problem would be. I am using image resize code that I found in another post on stackoverflow. Here is the code: - (UIImage*)imageWithImage:(UIImage*)sourceImage scaledToSizeWithSameAspectRatio:(CGSize)targetSize{ CGSize imageSize = sourceImage.size; CGFloat width = imageSize.width; CGFloat height = imageSize.height; CGFloat targetWidth = targetSize.width; CGFloat targetHeight = targetSize.height; CGFloat scaleFactor = 0.0; CGFloat scaledWidth = targetWidth; CGFloat scaledHeight = targetHeight; CGPoint thumbnailPoint = CGPointMake(0.0,0.0); if (CGSizeEqualToSize(imageSize, targetSize) == NO) { CGFloat widthFactor = targetWidth / width; CGFloat heightFactor = targetHeight / height; if (widthFactor > heightFactor) { scaleFactor = widthFactor; // scale to fit height } else { scaleFactor = heightFactor; // scale to fit width } scaledWidth = width * scaleFactor; scaledHeight = height * scaleFactor; // center the image if (widthFactor > heightFactor) { thumbnailPoint.y = (targetHeight - scaledHeight) * 0.5; } else if (widthFactor < heightFactor) { thumbnailPoint.x = (targetWidth - scaledWidth) * 0.5; } } CGImageRef imageRef = [sourceImage CGImage]; CGBitmapInfo bitmapInfo = CGImageGetBitmapInfo(imageRef); CGColorSpaceRef colorSpaceInfo = CGImageGetColorSpace(imageRef); if (bitmapInfo == kCGImageAlphaNone) { bitmapInfo = kCGImageAlphaNoneSkipLast; } CGContextRef bitmap; if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationUp || sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationDown) { bitmap = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL, targetWidth, targetHeight, CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(imageRef), CGImageGetBytesPerRow(imageRef), colorSpaceInfo, bitmapInfo); } else { bitmap = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL, targetHeight, targetWidth, CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(imageRef), CGImageGetBytesPerRow(imageRef), colorSpaceInfo, bitmapInfo); } // In the right or left cases, we need to switch scaledWidth and scaledHeight, // and also the thumbnail point if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationLeft) { thumbnailPoint = CGPointMake(thumbnailPoint.y, thumbnailPoint.x); CGFloat oldScaledWidth = scaledWidth; scaledWidth = scaledHeight; scaledHeight = oldScaledWidth; CGContextRotateCTM (bitmap, radians(90)); CGContextTranslateCTM (bitmap, 0, -targetHeight); } else if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationRight) { thumbnailPoint = CGPointMake(thumbnailPoint.y, thumbnailPoint.x); CGFloat oldScaledWidth = scaledWidth; scaledWidth = scaledHeight; scaledHeight = oldScaledWidth; CGContextRotateCTM (bitmap, radians(-90)); CGContextTranslateCTM (bitmap, -targetWidth, 0); } else if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationUp) { // NOTHING } else if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationDown) { CGContextTranslateCTM (bitmap, targetWidth, targetHeight); CGContextRotateCTM (bitmap, radians(-180.)); } CGContextDrawImage(bitmap, CGRectMake(thumbnailPoint.x, thumbnailPoint.y, scaledWidth, scaledHeight), imageRef); CGImageRef ref = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(bitmap); UIImage* newImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:ref]; CGContextRelease(bitmap); CGImageRelease(ref); return newImage; Any help would be appreciated. If you need more info, I will gladly post it.

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  • Error when opening .tar.gz via Shell to install Apache Maven

    - by adamsquared
    Thank you in advance for the help. My Goal: To install apache maven per its websites instructions (http://maven.apache.org/download.html), in order to install the JUNG package according to its install instructions (http://sourceforge.net/apps/trac/jung/wiki/JUNGManual), so I can use the JUNG classes in various Java GUIs. The Problem: I get an error message when I try to extract the apache-maven .gz (install?) file in shell. Background: I'm trying to install the JUNG (http://jung.sourceforge.net/index.html) package to my system's Java, so I can write object-oriented code using various GUIs (Ecliplse, Dr. Java) using the classes in JUNG. I don't understand how the building/installing process works, and how I can get what I build/install to work on various GUIs and the command line. I'm new to shell and the command line, and mostly have experience using a simple IDE (DrJava, Python IDLE, R GUI) to write and compile object-oriented code. Machine: Mac OSX 10.5.8 32-bit. The Instructions: For the maven building Extract the distribution archive, i.e. apache-maven-3.0.4-bin.tar.gz to the directory you wish to install Maven 3.0.4. These instructions assume you chose /usr/local/apache-maven. The subdirectory apache-maven-3.0.4 will be created from the archive. ... for the JUNG installation Appendix: How to Build JUNG This is a brief intro to building JUNG jars with maven2 (the build system that JUNG currently uses). First, ensure that you have a JDK of at least version 1.5: JUNG 2.0+ requires Java 1.5+. Ensure that your JAVA_HOME variable is set to the location of the JDK. On a Windows platform, you may have a separate JRE (Java Runtime Environment) and JDK (Java Development Kit). The JRE has no capability to compile Java source files, so you must have a JDK installed. If your JAVA_HOME variable is set to the location of the JRE, and not the location of the JDK, you will be unable to compile. Get Maven Download and install maven2 from maven.apache.org: http://maven.apache.org/download.html At time of writing (early December 2009), the latest version was maven-2.2.1. Install the downloaded maven2 (there are installation instructions on the Maven website). Follow the installation instructions and confirm a successful installation by typing 'mvn --version' in a command terminal window. Get JUNG ... What I Did: I downloaded the file apache-maven-2.2.1-bin.tar.gz. The JUNG website specified to use apache maven 2. I wanted to stick to the recommended installation instructions, but I couldn't get to /usr on my GUI (i've noticed you click on the MacHD symbol on the desktop its missing several directories/folders that you can see using the shell using the ls command at root directory I couldn't find a way to access the file using my mac GUI. Therefore, I used the shell to navigate to the root directory and then to /usr/local, and used the mkdir command to make the directory apache-maven and entered it. I then moved the file using the mv command. Next I tried extracting the file using tar -zxvf apache-maven-2.2.1-bin.tar.gz. The Error Message: tar: apache-maven-2.2.1/direcoryandfile: Cannot open: No such file or directory ... apache-maven-2.2.1/lib/ext: Cannot mkdir: No such file or directory apache-maven-2.2.1/lib/ext/README.txt tar: apache-maven-2.2.1/lib/ext/README.txt: Cannot open: No such file or directory tar: Error exit delayed from previous errors From what I can tell the archive file is missing some directories or something. I tried deleting the file, redownloading the .tar.gz file from a different mirror and repeating the process. Same result. Thanks again for the help

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  • What does this IIS error log mean?

    - by Victor Rodrigues
    I'm using Debug Diagnostic Tool, trying to understand why around 5% of the requests that are sent to my webservice just crash, without necessarily throw any error inside my application. One of the errors this tool took is below. Can anyone here understand exactly what could be happening? Thanks! [6/17/2010 5:32:58 PM] First chance exception - 0xe0434f4d caused by thread with system id 1736 [6/17/2010 5:32:58 PM] Stack Trace ChildEBP RetAddr Args to Child WARNING: Stack unwind information not available. Following frames may be wrong. 1c5bec58 79ef2bbc e0434f4d 00000001 00000001 kernel32!RaiseException+0x3c 1c5becb8 79fccf80 0a6d4998 00000000 00000000 mscorwks!GetMetaDataInternalInterface+0x84a9 1c5bed7c 656cab0e 0a6d4788 1c5bed98 65221345 mscorwks!StrongNameErrorInfo+0x103dc 1c5bed88 65221345 0a6cefb0 1c5bedf8 1c5bee08 System_Data_ni+0x57ab0e 1c5bee0c 79e7e1f3 1c147158 1c147158 0a6d0710 System_Data_ni+0xd1345 1c5bee24 79f7c770 0a6d0710 1c147158 026f25a8 mscorwks!DllUnregisterServerInternal+0x21d7 1c5beee8 79e71b4c 0a6cd9b8 0a6cd994 026f409c mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x28f9a 1c5bef00 79e821b9 1c5befd8 00000002 1c5befa0 mscorwks+0x1b4c 1c5bef80 79e96531 1c5befd8 00000002 1c5befa0 mscorwks!DllUnregisterServerInternal+0x619d 1c5bf0c8 79e96564 1c531688 1c5bf228 1c5bf120 mscorwks!CoUninitializeEE+0x2ead 1c5bf0e4 79e96582 1c531688 1c5bf228 1c5bf120 mscorwks!CoUninitializeEE+0x2ee0 1c5bf0fc 79f87a83 1c5bf120 1c5bf2e0 79fa6a6b mscorwks!CoUninitializeEE+0x2efe 1c5bf2ec 79f87be2 00629d50 0a6cdae8 0a6d0e04 mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x342ad 1c5bf3ac 792d5348 00629d90 00000086 1c5bf3c8 mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x3440c 1c5bf3fc 792d50f6 00629d90 00000086 066a1ae0 mscorlib_ni+0x215348 1c5bf434 792d4fde 00000000 00000000 0a6cd944 mscorlib_ni+0x2150f6 1c5bf488 65e1098e 0a6cd944 00000000 00000000 mscorlib_ni+0x214fde 1c5bf4cc 65e10665 66082f99 0a6ca144 00000000 System_Web_Services_ni+0x13098e 1c5bf4fc 65e10ff7 026c1054 0a6ca168 0a6ace9c System_Web_Services_ni+0x130665 1c5bf510 6dde7666 1c5bf54c 660adb16 6ddd2c34 System_Web_Services_ni+0x130ff7 1c5bf518 660adb16 6ddd2c34 0a6ace8c 0a6c883c System_Web_Extensions_ni+0x1c7666 1c5bf54c 6608132c 1c5bf578 0a6c883c 00000000 System_Web_ni+0x18db16 1c5bf588 6608c5c3 1c5bf5b0 0a6abecc 0a6c8b4c System_Web_ni+0x16132c 1c5bf5dc 660808ac 0a6c8218 0a6abecc 026c0d48 System_Web_ni+0x16c5c3 1c5bf5f0 66083e1c 0a6c883c 026c1054 0a6c883c System_Web_ni+0x1608ac 1c5bf62c 66083ac3 026bc67c 0a6c8400 1c5bf6b0 System_Web_ni+0x163e1c 1c5bf63c 66082c5c 8984fdc8 79e7a6b8 1c5bf858 System_Web_ni+0x163ac3 1c5bf6b0 79f9811e 00000002 01b93b00 026cf6e4 System_Web_ni+0x162c5c 1c5bf768 79f9822b 0017a0d0 1c5bf970 1c5bf9e8 mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x44948 1c5bf7c4 79f98691 0017a0d0 1c5bf970 1c5bf9e8 mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x44a55 1c5bf9d0 6a2aa19b 00000001 01b93b00 00000000 mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x44ebb 1c5bf9f0 6a2aa19b 023ad3f0 01b93b00 00000002 webengine!BufferPoolReleaseBuffer+0x1bb 1c5bfa28 79e72032 79e821f6 e5934469 0017a0d0 webengine!BufferPoolReleaseBuffer+0x1bb 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 mscorwks+0x2032 [6/17/2010 5:33:00 PM] First chance exception - 0xe0434f4d caused by thread with system id 3252 [6/17/2010 5:33:00 PM] Stack Trace ChildEBP RetAddr Args to Child WARNING: Stack unwind information not available. Following frames may be wrong. 01d0ecd8 79ef2bbc e0434f4d 00000001 00000001 kernel32!RaiseException+0x3c 01d0ed38 79fccf80 02748edc 00000000 00000000 mscorwks!GetMetaDataInternalInterface+0x84a9 01d0edfc 656cab0e 02748ccc 01d0ee18 65221345 mscorwks!StrongNameErrorInfo+0x103dc 01d0ee08 65221345 027434d0 01d0ee78 01d0ee88 System_Data_ni+0x57ab0e 01d0ee8c 79e7e1f3 1c147158 1c147158 02744c30 System_Data_ni+0xd1345 01d0eea4 79f7c770 02744c30 1c147158 026f25a8 mscorwks!DllUnregisterServerInternal+0x21d7 01d0ef68 79e71b4c 02741ed8 02741eb4 026f409c mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x28f9a 01d0ef80 79e821b9 01d0f058 00000002 01d0f020 mscorwks+0x1b4c 01d0f000 79e96531 01d0f058 00000002 01d0f020 mscorwks!DllUnregisterServerInternal+0x619d 01d0f148 79e96564 1c531688 01d0f2a8 01d0f1a0 mscorwks!CoUninitializeEE+0x2ead 01d0f164 79e96582 1c531688 01d0f2a8 01d0f1a0 mscorwks!CoUninitializeEE+0x2ee0 01d0f17c 79f87a83 01d0f1a0 01d0f360 79fa6a6b mscorwks!CoUninitializeEE+0x2efe 01d0f36c 79f87be2 00629d50 02742008 02745324 mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x342ad 01d0f42c 792d5348 00629d90 00000086 01d0f448 mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x3440c 01d0f47c 792d50f6 00629d90 00000086 066a1ae0 mscorlib_ni+0x215348 01d0f4b4 792d4fde 00000000 00000000 02741e64 mscorlib_ni+0x2150f6 01d0f508 65e1098e 02741e64 00000000 00000000 mscorlib_ni+0x214fde 01d0f54c 65e10665 66082f99 0273e664 00000000 System_Web_Services_ni+0x13098e 01d0f57c 65e10ff7 026c1054 0273e688 0a6ace9c System_Web_Services_ni+0x130665 01d0f590 6dde7666 01d0f5cc 660adb16 6ddd2c34 System_Web_Services_ni+0x130ff7 01d0f598 660adb16 6ddd2c34 0a6ace8c 0272cce4 System_Web_Extensions_ni+0x1c7666 01d0f5cc 6608132c 01d0f5f8 0272cce4 00000000 System_Web_ni+0x18db16 01d0f608 6608c5c3 01d0f630 0a6abecc 0272cff4 System_Web_ni+0x16132c 01d0f65c 660808ac 0272c6c0 0a6abecc 026c0d48 System_Web_ni+0x16c5c3 01d0f670 66083e1c 0272cce4 026c1054 0272cce4 System_Web_ni+0x1608ac 01d0f6ac 66083ac3 026bc67c 0272c8a8 01d0f730 System_Web_ni+0x163e1c 01d0f6bc 66082c5c 8984fdc8 79e7a6b8 01d0f8d8 System_Web_ni+0x163ac3 01d0f730 79f9811e 00000002 01b93b00 026cf6e4 System_Web_ni+0x162c5c 01d0f7e8 79f9822b 000dcea8 01d0f9f0 01d0fa68 mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x44948 01d0f844 79f98691 000dcea8 01d0f9f0 01d0fa68 mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x44a55 01d0fa50 6a2aa19b 00000001 01b93b00 00000000 mscorwks!CorExitProcess+0x44ebb 01d0fa70 6a2aa19b 023ad3f0 01b93b00 00000002 webengine!BufferPoolReleaseBuffer+0x1bb 01d0fac8 79e79cba 79e79ccd 0000000d 00000000 webengine!BufferPoolReleaseBuffer+0x1bb 01d0facc 79e79ccd 0000000d 00000000 79ec3f4b mscorwks+0x9cba 01d0fad8 79ec3f4b 79e7c82c 79ec3f53 f818458d mscorwks+0x9ccd 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 mscorwks!CreateAssemblyNameObject+0x22f40 [6/17/2010 5:33:37 PM] Thread exited. Exiting thread system id - 2144. Exit code - 0x00000000

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  • Logcat error: "addView(View, LayoutParams) is not supported in AdapterView" in a ListView

    - by HacKreatorz
    I'm doing an aplication for Android and something I need is that it shows a list of all files and directories in the SD Card and it has to be able to move through the different directories. I found a good tutorial in anddev: http://bit.ly/h4GyFC I modified a few things so the aplication moves in the SD Card and not in Android root Directories but the rest is mostly the same. This is my xml file for the activity: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <ListView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@id/android:list" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </ListView> And this is the code for the Activity: import hackreatorz.cifrador.R; import java.io.File; import java.util.ArrayList; import android.app.ListActivity; import android.content.res.Configuration; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.Toast; public class ArchivosSD extends ListActivity { private ArrayList<String> directoryEntries = new ArrayList<String>(); private File currentDirectory = new File("/sdcard/"); @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); browseToSD(); } @Override public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) { super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig); } private void browseToSD() { browseTo(new File("/sdcard/")); } private void upOneLevel() { if(this.currentDirectory.getParent() != null) this.browseTo(this.currentDirectory.getParentFile()); } private void browseTo(final File directory) { if (directory.isDirectory()) { this.currentDirectory = directory; fill(directory.listFiles()); } else { Toast.makeText(ArchivosSD.this, this.directoryEntries.get(this.getSelectedItemPosition()), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } private void fill(File[] files) { this.directoryEntries.clear(); this.directoryEntries.add(getString(R.string.current_dir)); if(this.currentDirectory.getParent() != null) this.directoryEntries.add(getString(R.string.up_one_level)); int currentPathStringLength = (int) this.currentDirectory.getAbsoluteFile().length(); for (File file : files) { this.directoryEntries.add(file.getAbsolutePath().substring(currentPathStringLength)); } setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.archivos_sd, this.directoryEntries)); } @Override protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) { int selectionRowID = (int) this.getSelectedItemPosition(); String selectedFileString = this.directoryEntries.get(selectionRowID); if (selectedFileString.equals(".")) { this.browseToSD(); } else if(selectedFileString.equals("..")) { this.upOneLevel(); } else { File clickedFile = null; clickedFile = new File(this.currentDirectory.getAbsolutePath() + this.directoryEntries.get(selectionRowID)); if(clickedFile != null) this.browseTo(clickedFile); } } } I don't get any errores in Eclipse, but I get a Force Close when running the aplication on my phone and when I look at Logcat I see the following: 01-01 23:30:29.858: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(14911): FATAL EXCEPTION: main *01-01 23:30:29.858: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(14911): java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: addView(View, LayoutParams) is not supported in AdapterView* I don't have a clue what to do, I've looked up in Google and I didn't find anything and I did the same at stackoverflow. This is my first aplication in Java and for Android so I'm a real n00b and if the answer was there, I didn't understand it so I would really apreciate if you could explain what I should do to fix this error and why. Thanks for everything in advanced.

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  • "Too much recursion" error when loading the same page with a hash

    - by Elliott
    Hi, I have a site w/ an image gallery ("Portfolio") page. There is drop-down navigation that allows a user to view a specific image in the portfolio from any page on the site. The links in the navigation use a hash, and that hash is read and converted into a string of an image filename. The image src attribute on the /portfolio/ page is then swapped out with the new image filename. This works fine if I'm clicking the dropdown link from a page OTHER THAN the /portfolio/ page itself. However if I take the same action from the /portfolio/ page, I get a "too much recursion" error in Firefox. Here's the code: Snippet of the nav markup: <li>Portfolio Category A <ul> <li><a href="/portfolio/#dining-room-table">Dining Room Table</a></li> <li><a href="/portfolio/#bathroom-mirror">Bathroom Mirror</a></li> </ul> </li> JS that reads the hash, converts it to an image filename, and swaps out the image on the page: $(document).ready(function() { if(location.pathname.indexOf("/portfolio/") > -1) { var hash = location.hash; var new_image = hash.replace("#", "")+".jpg"; swapImage(new_image); } }); function swapImage(new_image) { setTimeout(function() { $("img#current-image").attr("src", "/images/portfolio/work/"+new_image); }, 100); } I'm using the setTimeout function because I'm fading out the old image before making the swap, then fading it back in. I initially thought this was the function that was causing the recursion error, but when I remove the setTimeout I still have this problem. Does this have to do with a closure I'm not aware of? I'm pretty green on closures. JS that listens for the click on the nav: $("nav.main li.dropdown li ul li").click(function() { $(this).find("a").click(); $("nav.main").find("ul ul").hide(); $("nav.main li.hover").removeClass("hover"); }); I haven't implemented the fade in/out functionality for the dropdown nav yet, but I have implemented it for Next and Previous arrows, which can also be used to swap out images using the same swapImage function. Here's that code: $("#scroll-arrows a").click(function() { $("#current-image").animate({ opacity: 0 }, 100); var current_image = $("#current-image").attr("src").split("/").pop(); var new_image; var positions = getPositions(current_image); if($(this).is(".right")) { new_image = positions.next_img; } else { new_image = positions.prev_img; } swapImage(new_image); $("#current-image").animate({ opacity: 1 }, 100); return false; }); Here's the error I'm getting in Firefox: too much recursion var ret = handleObj.handler.apply( this, arguments ); jquery.js (line 1936) Thanks for any advice.

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  • "undefined reference" error with namespace across multiple files

    - by user1330734
    I've looked at several related posts but no luck with this error. I receive this undefined reference error message below when my namespace exists across multiple files. If I compile only ConsoleTest.cpp with contents of Console.cpp dumped into it the source compiles. I would appreciate any feedback on this issue, thanks in advance. g++ Console.cpp ConsoleTest.cpp -o ConsoleTest.o -Wall /tmp/cc8KfSLh.o: In function `getValueTest()': ConsoleTest.cpp:(.text+0x132): undefined reference to `void Console::getValue<unsigned int>(unsigned int&)' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status Console.h #include <iostream> #include <sstream> #include <string> namespace Console { std::string getLine(); template <typename T> void getValue(T &value); } Console.cpp #include "Console.h" using namespace std; namespace Console { string getLine() { string str; while (true) { cin.clear(); if (cin.eof()) { break; // handle eof (Ctrl-D) gracefully } if (cin.good()) { char next = cin.get(); if (next == '\n') break; str += next; // add character to string } else { cin.clear(); // clear error state string badToken; cin >> badToken; cerr << "Bad input encountered: " << badToken << endl; } } return str; } template <typename T> void getValue(T &value) { string inputStr = Console::getLine(); istringstream strStream(inputStr); strStream >> value; } } ConsoleTest.cpp #include "Console.h" void getLineTest() { std::string str; std::cout << "getLinetest" << std::endl; while (str != "next") { str = Console::getLine(); std::cout << "<string>" << str << "</string>"<< std::endl; } } void getValueTest() { std::cout << "getValueTest" << std::endl; unsigned x = 0; while (x != 12345) { Console::getValue(x); std::cout << "x: " << x << std::endl; } } int main() { getLineTest(); getValueTest(); return 0; }

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  • SQL SERVER – Resolving SQL Server Connection Errors – SQL in Sixty Seconds #030 – Video

    - by pinaldave
    One of the most famous errors related to SQL Server is about connecting to SQL Server itself. Here is how it goes, most of the time developers have worked with SQL Server and knows pretty much every error which they face during development language. However, hardly they install fresh SQL Server. As the installation of the SQL Server is a rare occasion unless you are DBA who is responsible for such an instance – the error faced during installations are pretty rare as well. I have earlier written an article about this which describes how to resolve the errors which are related to SQL Server connection. Even though the step by step directions are pretty simple there are many first time IT Professional who are not able to figure out how to resolve this error. I have quickly built a video which is covering most of the solutions related to resolving the connection error. In the Fix SQL Server Connection Error article following workarounds are described: SQL Server Services TCP/IP Settings Firewall Settings Enable Remote Connection Browser Services Firewall exception of sqlbrowser.exe Recreating Alias Related Tips in SQL in Sixty Seconds: SQL SERVER – FIX : ERROR : (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 – Could not open a connection to SQL Server) (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: ) SQL SERVER – Could not connect to TCP error code 10061: No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it SQL SERVER – Connecting to Server Using Windows Authentication by SQLCMD SQL SERVER – Fix : Error: 15372 Failed to generate a ser instance od SQL Server due to a failure in starting the process for the user instance. The connection will be closed SQL SERVER – Dedicated Access Control for SQL Server Express Edition – An error occurred while obtaining the dedicated administrator connection (DAC) port. SQL SERVER – Fix : Error: 4064 – Cannot open user default database. Login failed. Login failed for user What would you like to see in the next SQL in Sixty Seconds video? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology, Video Tagged: Excel

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  • Software center is broken

    - by Colin
    When I started installing the Humble Indie Bundle 5 games the software center stopped working and now I get this error. Packages cannot be installed or removed, click here to repair. Which fails and gives these results. installArchives() failed: (Reading database ... (Reading database ... 5% (Reading database ... 10% (Reading database ... 15% (Reading database ... 20% (Reading database ... 25% (Reading database ... 30% (Reading database ... 35% (Reading database ... 40% (Reading database ... 45% (Reading database ... 50% (Reading database ... 55% (Reading database ... 60% (Reading database ... 65% (Reading database ... 70% (Reading database ... 75% (Reading database ... 80% (Reading database ... 85% (Reading database ... 90% (Reading database ... 95% (Reading database ... 100% (Reading database ... 255502 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libqtcore4:i386 (from .../libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb (--unpack): conffile './etc/xdg/Trolltech.conf' is not in sync with other instances of the same package No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb Error in function: dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqtgui4:i386: libqtgui4:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqtgui4:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-sql:i386: libqt4-sql:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-sql:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ia32-libs-multiarch:i386: ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 depends on libqt4-sql; however: Package libqt4-sql:i386 is not configured yet. ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 depends on libqtcore4; however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 depends on libqtgui4; however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-declarative:i386: libqt4-declarative:i386 depends on libqt4-sql (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-sql:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-declarative:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-declarative:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-declarative:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-svg:i386: libqt4-svg:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-svg:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-svg:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-network:i386: libqt4-network:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-network:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-sql-mysql:i386: libqt4-sql-mysql:i386 depends on libqt4-sql (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-sql:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-sql-mysql:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-sql-mysql:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-script:i386: libqt4-script:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-script:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-dbus:i386: libqt4-dbus:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-dbus:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-opengl:i386: libqt4-opengl:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-opengl:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-opengl:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqtwebkit4:i386: libqtwebkit4:i386 depends on libqt4-network (>= 4:4.8.0~); however: Package libqt4-network:i386 is not configured yet. libqtwebkit4:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (>= 4:4.8.0~); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqtwebkit4:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (>= 4:4.8.0); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqtwebkit4:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-designer:i386: libqt4-designer:i386 depends on libqt4-script (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-script:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-designer:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-designer:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-designer:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of lonesurvivor-bin:i386: lonesurvivor-bin:i386 depends on ia32-libs-multiarch; however: Package ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing lonesurvivor-bin:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of lonesurvivor: lonesurvivor depends on lonesurvivor-bin (= 1.11d-0ubuntu5); however: Package lonesurvivor-bin is not installed. Package lonesurvivor-bin:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing lonesurvivor (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-scripttools:i386: libqt4-scripttools:i386 depends on libqt4-script (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-script:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-scripttools:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-scripttools:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-scripttools:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-qt3support:i386: libqt4-qt3support:i386 depends on libqt4-designer (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-designer:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-qt3support:i386 depends on libqt4-network (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-network:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-qt3support:i386 depends on libqt4-sql (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-sql:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-qt3support:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. libqt4-qt3support:i386 depends on libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtgui4:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libqt4-qt3support:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-xml:i386: libqt4-xml:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-xml:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-test:i386: libqt4-test:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-test:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386: libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386 depends on libqt4-network (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqt4-network:i386 is not configured yet. libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386 depends on libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1); however: Package libqtcore4:i386 is not installed. dpkg: error processing libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured I couldn't get the apt-get update or upgrade to work either so I shut off the repositories and updated / upgraded one at a time without any problems. But that didn't fix the Software Center. Help would be greatly appreciated. ADDED UPDATE I've tried to install aptitude using dpkg but can't. I have also tried sudo apt-get dist-upgrade sudo apt-get autoremove sudo dpkg --configure -a --force-all and the -f options. Though I believe this is where my problem is originating: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following extra packages will be installed: libqtcore4:i386 The following NEW packages will be installed: libqtcore4:i386 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B/2,061 kB of archives. After this operation, 9,041 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y (Reading database ... 255526 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libqtcore4:i386 (from .../libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb (--unpack): conffile './etc/xdg/Trolltech.conf' is not in sync with other instances of the same package Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/libqtcore4_4%3a4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I hope this helps narrow it down some. SECOND UPDATE sudo apt-get --reinstall install software-center -f The following packages have unmet dependencies: ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 but it is not going to be installed libqt4-dbus:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-declarative:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-designer:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-network:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-opengl:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-qt3support:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-script:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-scripttools:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-sql:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-sql-mysql:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-svg:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-test:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-xml:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqtgui4:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.1) but it is not going to be installed libqtwebkit4:i386 : Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (>= 4:4.8.0~) but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). sudo apt-get -f install doesn't work either. Complete output of terminal for step 5 can be found here, http://paste.ubuntu.com/1066192/

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  • Moving from Silverlight 4 Beta to RC - Part 2

    In my previous post I talked about updating my development environment from Silverlight 4 Beta to Silverlight 4 RC (release candidate). After updating, I opened the solution for my Task-It project and found that several things were broken. I would've been surprised if it just worked as is! What disappointed me is that after spending a decent amount of time searching the web, I could not find information telling me what I needed to update/change...and wouldn't it be nice if there was a wizard to update it for you? What changed? I wish I had made notes along the line of each of the things I found, but here are a few that I can recall: In the Web project, the following dll's no longer exist: System.Web.DomainServices.dll System.Web.DomainServices.LinqToSql.dll (if you are using the Entity Framework I believe that one is System.Web.DomainServices.EntityFramework.dll) System.Web.Ria.dll In the Silverlight project: System.Windows.Ria.dll I'm not positive which new assemblies need to be referenced for your project, but I'm going to list the ones I think you need. One way to verify is to create a new Silverlight application with support for WCF RIA Services and see which dlls are included. In the Web project: System.Data.Entity.dll System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.EntityFramework.dll (I've moved from LinqToSql to EntityFramework, so I'm not sure which one the LinqToSql stuff comes from) System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Hosting.dll System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Server.dll In the Silverlight project: System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client.dll System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client.Web.dll System.ServiceModel.Web.Extensions.dll Where are these dll's? These all live in either the Silverlight or RIA Services subdirectories under:         C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs Of if you are on a 64-bit machine like me:         C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs Wrap up Good luck, and I hope this helps to get you back in business! If anyone finds anything that I've missed, please enter a comment and I'll update the post accordingly.Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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  • Force apt to remove all emacs*

    - by wishi
    Hi! I have a bug-problem with the apt-packages of emacs: >>Error occurred processing debian-ispell.el: File error (("Opening input file" "no such file or directory" "/usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/dictionaries-common/debian-ispell.el")) >>Error occurred processing ispell.el: File error (("Opening input file" "no such file or directory" "/usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/dictionaries-common/ispell.el")) >>Error occurred processing flyspell.el: File error (("Opening input file" "no such file or directory" "/usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/dictionaries-common/flyspell.el")) emacs-install: /usr/lib/emacsen-common/packages/install/dictionaries-common emacs23 failed at /usr/lib/emacsen-common/emacs-install line 28, <TSORT> line 30. dpkg: error processing emacs23-lucid (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of emacs: emacs depends on emacs23 | emacs23-lucid | emacs23-nox; however: Package emacs23 is not installed. Package emacs23-lucid which provides emacs23 is not configured yet. Package emacs23-nox which provides emacs23 is not installed. Package emacs23-lucid is not configured yet. Package emacs23-nox is not installed. dpkg: error processing emacs (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. Errors were encountered while processing: emacs23-lucid emacs E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) In fact I would be satisfied with just emacs23-nox, a couple of plugins - from apt. But I can neither --purge nor --purge reinstall, nor remove the packages. It always processes until this certain bug. I did some google-searching, found some stuff on Launchpad suggesting: sudo apt-get install --reinstall --purge emacsen-common But this is the same... so I hope there a way to tell app to just remove everything releated to emacs, and to start from scratch again? Thanks, Marius

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  • Displaying Exceptions Thrown or Caught in Managed Beans

    - by Frank Nimphius
    Just came a cross a sample written by Steve Muench, which somewhere deep in its implementation details uses the following code to route exceptions to the ADF binding layer to be handled by the ADF model error handler (which can be customized by overriding the DCErrorHandlerImpl class and configuring the custom class in DataBindings.cpx file) To route an exception to the ADFm error handler, Steve used the following code ((DCBindingContainer)BindingContext.getCurrent().getCurrentBindingsEntry()).reportException(ex); The same code however can be used in managed beans as well to enforce consistent error handling in ADF. As an example, lets assume a managed bean method hits an exception. To simulate this, let's use the following code: public void onToolBarButtonAction(ActionEvent actionEvent) {    throw new JboException("Just to tease you !!!!!");        } The exception shows at runtime as displayed in the following image: Assuming a try-catch block is used to intercept the exception caused by a managed bean action, you can route the error message display to the ADF model error handler. Again, let's simulate the code that would need to go into a try-catch block public void onToolBarButtonAction(ActionEvent actionEvent) {    JboException ex = new JboException("Just to tease you !!!!!");  BindingContext bctx = BindingContext.getCurrent();    ((DCBindingContainer)bctx.getCurrentBindingsEntry()).reportException(ex); } The error now displays as shown in the image below As you can see, the error is now handled by the ADFm Error handler, which - as mentioned before - could be a custom error handler. Using the ADF model error handling for displaying exceptions thrown in managed beans require the current ADF Faces page to have an associated PageDef file (which is the case if the page or view contains ADF bound components). Note that to invoke methods exposed on the business service it is recommended to always work through the binding layer (method binding) so that in case of an error the ADF model error handler is automatically used.

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  • build error with boost spirit grammar (boost 1.43 and g++ 4.4.1) part II

    - by lurscher
    I'm having issues getting a small spirit/qi grammar to compile. i am using boost 1.43 and g++ 4.4.1. the input grammar header: inputGrammar.h #include <boost/config/warning_disable.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_core.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_operator.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_fusion.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_stl.hpp> #include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp> #include <boost/variant/recursive_variant.hpp> #include <boost/foreach.hpp> #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <string> #include <vector> namespace sp = boost::spirit; namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi; using namespace boost::spirit::ascii; //using namespace boost::spirit::arg_names; namespace fusion = boost::fusion; namespace phoenix = boost::phoenix; using phoenix::at_c; using phoenix::push_back; template< typename Iterator , typename ExpressionAST > struct InputGrammar : qi::grammar<Iterator, ExpressionAST(), space_type> { InputGrammar() : InputGrammar::base_type( block ) { tag = sp::lexeme[+(alpha) [sp::_val += sp::_1]];//[+(char_ - '<') [_val += _1]]; block = sp::lit("block") [ at_c<0>(sp::_val) = sp::_1] >> "(" >> *instruction[ push_back( at_c<1>(sp::_val) , sp::_1 ) ] >> ")"; command = tag [ at_c<0>(sp::_val) = sp::_1] >> "(" >> *instruction [ push_back( at_c<1>(sp::_val) , sp::_1 )] >> ")"; instruction = ( command | tag ) [sp::_val = sp::_1]; } qi::rule< Iterator , std::string() , space_type > tag; qi::rule< Iterator , ExpressionAST() , space_type > block; qi::rule< Iterator , ExpressionAST() , space_type > function_def; qi::rule< Iterator , ExpressionAST() , space_type > command; qi::rule< Iterator , ExpressionAST() , space_type > instruction; }; the test build program: #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> using namespace std; //my grammar #include <InputGrammar.h> struct MockExpressionNode { std::string name; std::vector< MockExpressionNode > operands; typedef std::vector< MockExpressionNode >::iterator iterator; typedef std::vector< MockExpressionNode >::const_iterator const_iterator; iterator begin() { return operands.begin(); } const_iterator begin() const { return operands.begin(); } iterator end() { return operands.end(); } const_iterator end() const { return operands.end(); } bool is_leaf() const { return ( operands.begin() == operands.end() ); } }; BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT( MockExpressionNode, (std::string, name) (std::vector<MockExpressionNode>, operands) ) int const tabsize = 4; void tab(int indent) { for (int i = 0; i < indent; ++i) std::cout << ' '; } template< typename ExpressionNode > struct ExpressionNodePrinter { ExpressionNodePrinter(int indent = 0) : indent(indent) { } void operator()(ExpressionNode const& node) const { cout << " tag: " << node.name << endl; for (int i=0 ; i < node.operands.size() ; i++ ) { tab( indent ); cout << " arg "<<i<<": "; ExpressionNodePrinter(indent + 2)( node.operands[i]); cout << endl; } } int indent; }; int test() { MockExpressionNode root; InputGrammar< string::const_iterator , MockExpressionNode > g; std::string litA = "litA"; std::string litB = "litB"; std::string litC = "litC"; std::string litD = "litD"; std::string litE = "litE"; std::string litF = "litF"; std::string source = litA+"( "+litB+" ,"+litC+" , "+ litD+" ( "+litE+", "+litF+" ) "+ " )"; string::const_iterator iter = source.begin(); string::const_iterator end = source.end(); bool r = qi::phrase_parse( iter , end , g , space , root ); ExpressionNodePrinter< MockExpressionNode > np; np( root ); }; int main() { test(); } finally, the build error is the following: (the full error trace is 20 times bigger than the allowed size for a stackoverflow question, so i posted the full version of it at http://codepad.org/Q74IVCUc) /usr/bin/make -f nbproject/Makefile-linux_amd64_devel.mk SUBPROJECTS= .build-conf make[1]: se ingresa al directorio `/home/mineq/NetBeansProjects/InputParserTests' /usr/bin/make -f nbproject/Makefile-linux_amd64_devel.mk dist/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86/vpuinputparsertests make[2]: se ingresa al directorio `/home/mineq/NetBeansProjects/InputParserTests' mkdir -p build/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86 rm -f build/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86/tests_main.o.d g++ `llvm-config --cxxflags` `pkg-config --cflags unittest-cpp` `pkg-config --cflags boost-1.43` `pkg-config --cflags boost-coroutines` -c -g -I../InputParser -MMD -MP -MF build/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86/tests_main.o.d -o build/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86/tests_main.o tests_main.cpp from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/include/phoenix_operator.hpp:11, from ../InputParser/InputGrammar.h:14, from tests_main.cpp:14: /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/phoenix/operator/self.hpp: In instantiation of ‘const int boost::phoenix::result_of_assign<MockExpressionNode&, boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>&>::size’: In file included from /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/phoenix/operator.hpp:16, /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/phoenix/operator/self.hpp:27: instantiated from ‘const int boost::phoenix::result_of_assign<MockExpressionNode&, boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>&>::index’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/phoenix/operator/self.hpp:27: instantiated from ‘boost::phoenix::result_of_assign<MockExpressionNode&, boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>&>’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/mpl/eval_if.hpp:38: instantiated from ‘boost::mpl::eval_if<boost::mpl::or_<boost::phoenix::is_actor<MockExpressionNode&>, boost::phoenix::is_actor<boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>&>, mpl_::bool_<false>, mpl_::bool_<false>, mpl_::bool_<false> >, boost::phoenix::re_curry<boost::phoenix::assign_eval, MockExpressionNode&, boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>&, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_>, boost::phoenix::result_of_assign<MockExpressionNode&, boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>&> >’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/phoenix/operator/self.hpp:69: instantiated from ‘boost::phoenix::assign_eval::result<boost::phoenix::basic_environment<boost::fusion::vector1<boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>&>, boost::spirit::context<boost::fusion::cons<MockExpressionNode&, boost::fusion::nil>, boost::fusion::vector0<void> >, bool, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_>, boost::spirit::attribute<0>, boost::spirit::argument<0> >’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/phoenix/core/detail/composite_eval.hpp:89: instantiated from ‘boost::phoenix::detail::composite_eval<2>::result<boost::phoenix::composite<boost::phoenix::assign_eval, boost::fusion::vector<boost::spirit::attribute<0>, boost::spirit::argument<0>, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_> >, boost::phoenix::basic_environment<boost::fusion::vector1<boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>&>, boost::spirit::context<boost::fusion::cons<MockExpressionNode&, boost::fusion::nil>, boost::fusion::vector0<void> >, bool, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_> >’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/phoenix/core/composite.hpp:61: instantiated from ‘boost::phoenix::composite<boost::phoenix::assign_eval, boost::fusion::vector<boost::spirit::attribute<0>, boost::spirit::argument<0>, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_> >::result<boost::phoenix::basic_environment<boost::fusion::vector1<boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>&>, boost::spirit::context<boost::fusion::cons<MockExpressionNode&, boost::fusion::nil>, boost::fusion::vector0<void> >, bool, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_> >’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/phoenix/core/actor.hpp:56: instantiated from ‘boost::phoenix::eval_result<boost::phoenix::composite<boost::phoenix::assign_eval, boost::fusion::vector<boost::spirit::attribute<0>, boost::spirit::argument<0>, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_> >, boost::phoenix::basic_environment<boost::fusion::vector1<boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>&>, boost::spirit::context<boost::fusion::cons<MockExpressionNode&, boost::fusion::nil>, boost::fusion::vector0<void> >, bool, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_> >’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/phoenix/core/actor.hpp:65: instantiated from ‘boost::phoenix::actor<boost::phoenix::composite<boost::phoenix::assign_eval, boost::fusion::vector<boost::spirit::attribute<0>, boost::spirit::argument<0>, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_> > >::result<boost::phoenix::actor<boost::phoenix::composite<boost::phoenix::assign_eval, boost::fusion::vector<boost::spirit::attribute<0>, boost::spirit::argument<0>, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_> > >(boost::fusion::vector1<boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>&>&, boost::spirit::context<boost::fusion::cons<MockExpressionNode&, boost::fusion::nil>, boost::fusion::vector0<void> >&, bool&)>’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/support/action_dispatch.hpp:44: instantiated from ‘bool boost::spirit::traits::action_dispatch<Component>::operator()(const boost::phoenix::actor<Eval>&, Attribute&, Context&) [with Eval = boost::phoenix::composite<boost::phoenix::assign_eval, boost::fusion::vector<boost::spirit::attribute<0>, boost::spirit::argument<0>, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_> >, Attribute = boost::variant<MockExpressionNode, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_, boost::detail::variant::void_>, Context = boost::spirit::context<boost::fusion::cons<MockExpressionNode&, boost::fusion::nil>, boost::fusion::vector0<void> >, Component = boost::spirit::qi::alternative<boost::fusion::cons<boost::spirit::qi::reference<const boost::spirit::qi::rule<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode(), boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>, boost::fusion::unused_type, boost::fusion::unused_type> >, boost::fusion::cons<boost::spirit::qi::reference<const boost::spirit::qi::rule<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::string(), boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>, boost::fusion::unused_type, boost::fusion::unused_type> >, boost::fusion::nil> > >]’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/action/action.hpp:62: instantiated from ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::action<Subject, Action>::parse(Iterator&, const Iterator&, Context&, const Skipper&, Attribute&) const [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Context = boost::spirit::context<boost::fusion::cons<MockExpressionNode&, boost::fusion::nil>, boost::fusion::vector0<void> >, Skipper = boost::spirit::qi::char_class<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, Attribute = const boost::fusion::unused_type, Subject = boost::spirit::qi::alternative<boost::fusion::cons<boost::spirit::qi::reference<const boost::spirit::qi::rule<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode(), boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>, boost::fusion::unused_type, boost::fusion::unused_type> >, boost::fusion::cons<boost::spirit::qi::reference<const boost::spirit::qi::rule<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::string(), boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>, boost::fusion::unused_type, boost::fusion::unused_type> >, boost::fusion::nil> > >, Action = boost::phoenix::actor<boost::phoenix::composite<boost::phoenix::assign_eval, boost::fusion::vector<boost::spirit::attribute<0>, boost::spirit::argument<0>, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_> > >]’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/nonterminal/detail/parser_binder.hpp:33: instantiated from ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::detail::parser_binder<Parser, Auto>::call(Iterator&, const Iterator&, Context&, const Skipper&, mpl_::true_) const [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Skipper = boost::spirit::qi::char_class<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, Context = boost::spirit::context<boost::fusion::cons<MockExpressionNode&, boost::fusion::nil>, boost::fusion::vector0<void> >, Parser = boost::spirit::qi::action<boost::spirit::qi::alternative<boost::fusion::cons<boost::spirit::qi::reference<const boost::spirit::qi::rule<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode(), boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>, boost::fusion::unused_type, boost::fusion::unused_type> >, boost::fusion::cons<boost::spirit::qi::reference<const boost::spirit::qi::rule<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::string(), boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>, boost::fusion::unused_type, boost::fusion::unused_type> >, boost::fusion::nil> > >, boost::phoenix::actor<boost::phoenix::composite<boost::phoenix::assign_eval, boost::fusion::vector<boost::spirit::attribute<0>, boost::spirit::argument<0>, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_, boost::fusion::void_> > > >, Auto = mpl_::bool_<false>]’ /home/mineq/third_party/boost_1_43_0/boost/spirit/home/qi/nonterminal/detail/parser_binder.hpp:53: instantiated from ‘bool boost::spirit::qi::detail::parser_binder<Parser, Auto>::operator()(Iterator&, const Iterator&, Context&, const Skipper&) const [with Iterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, Skipper = boost::spirit::qi::char_class<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, Context = boost::spirit::context<boost::fusion::cons<MockExpressionNode&, boost::fusion::nil>, boost::fusion::vector0<void> >, Parser = boost::spirit::qi::action<boost::spirit::qi::alternative<boost::fusion::cons<boost::spirit::qi::reference<const boost::spirit::qi::rule<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, MockExpressionNode(), boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>, boost::fusion::unused_type, boost::fusion::unused_type> >, boost::fusion::cons<boost::spirit::qi::reference<const boost::spirit::qi::rule<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const char*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::string(), boost::proto::exprns_::expr<boost::proto::tag::terminal, boost::proto::argsns_::term<boost::spirit::tag::char_code<boost::spirit::tag::space, boost::spirit::char_encoding::ascii> >, 0l>, boost::fusion::unused_type, boost::fusion::unused_type> >, boost::fusion::nil> > >, ... ... more errors but i had to truncate to fit the 30k limit make[2]: *** [build/linux_amd64_devel/GNU-Linux-x86/tests_main.o] Error 1 make[2]: se sale del directorio `/home/mineq/NetBeansProjects/InputParserTests' make[1]: *** [.build-conf] Error 2 make[1]: se sale del directorio `/home/mineq/NetBeansProjects/InputParserTests' make: *** [.build-impl] Error 2 BUILD FAILED (exit value 2, total time: 2m 13s)

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  • Zen and the Art of File and Folder Organization

    - by Mark Virtue
    Is your desk a paragon of neatness, or does it look like a paper-bomb has gone off? If you’ve been putting off getting organized because the task is too huge or daunting, or you don’t know where to start, we’ve got 40 tips to get you on the path to zen mastery of your filing system. For all those readers who would like to get their files and folders organized, or, if they’re already organized, better organized—we have compiled a complete guide to getting organized and staying organized, a comprehensive article that will hopefully cover every possible tip you could want. Signs that Your Computer is Poorly Organized If your computer is a mess, you’re probably already aware of it.  But just in case you’re not, here are some tell-tale signs: Your Desktop has over 40 icons on it “My Documents” contains over 300 files and 60 folders, including MP3s and digital photos You use the Windows’ built-in search facility whenever you need to find a file You can’t find programs in the out-of-control list of programs in your Start Menu You save all your Word documents in one folder, all your spreadsheets in a second folder, etc Any given file that you’re looking for may be in any one of four different sets of folders But before we start, here are some quick notes: We’re going to assume you know what files and folders are, and how to create, save, rename, copy and delete them The organization principles described in this article apply equally to all computer systems.  However, the screenshots here will reflect how things look on Windows (usually Windows 7).  We will also mention some useful features of Windows that can help you get organized. Everyone has their own favorite methodology of organizing and filing, and it’s all too easy to get into “My Way is Better than Your Way” arguments.  The reality is that there is no perfect way of getting things organized.  When I wrote this article, I tried to keep a generalist and objective viewpoint.  I consider myself to be unusually well organized (to the point of obsession, truth be told), and I’ve had 25 years experience in collecting and organizing files on computers.  So I’ve got a lot to say on the subject.  But the tips I have described here are only one way of doing it.  Hopefully some of these tips will work for you too, but please don’t read this as any sort of “right” way to do it. At the end of the article we’ll be asking you, the reader, for your own organization tips. Why Bother Organizing At All? For some, the answer to this question is self-evident. And yet, in this era of powerful desktop search software (the search capabilities built into the Windows Vista and Windows 7 Start Menus, and third-party programs like Google Desktop Search), the question does need to be asked, and answered. I have a friend who puts every file he ever creates, receives or downloads into his My Documents folder and doesn’t bother filing them into subfolders at all.  He relies on the search functionality built into his Windows operating system to help him find whatever he’s looking for.  And he always finds it.  He’s a Search Samurai.  For him, filing is a waste of valuable time that could be spent enjoying life! It’s tempting to follow suit.  On the face of it, why would anyone bother to take the time to organize their hard disk when such excellent search software is available?  Well, if all you ever want to do with the files you own is to locate and open them individually (for listening, editing, etc), then there’s no reason to ever bother doing one scrap of organization.  But consider these common tasks that are not achievable with desktop search software: Find files manually.  Often it’s not convenient, speedy or even possible to utilize your desktop search software to find what you want.  It doesn’t work 100% of the time, or you may not even have it installed.  Sometimes its just plain faster to go straight to the file you want, if you know it’s in a particular sub-folder, rather than trawling through hundreds of search results. Find groups of similar files (e.g. all your “work” files, all the photos of your Europe holiday in 2008, all your music videos, all the MP3s from Dark Side of the Moon, all your letters you wrote to your wife, all your tax returns).  Clever naming of the files will only get you so far.  Sometimes it’s the date the file was created that’s important, other times it’s the file format, and other times it’s the purpose of the file.  How do you name a collection of files so that they’re easy to isolate based on any of the above criteria?  Short answer, you can’t. Move files to a new computer.  It’s time to upgrade your computer.  How do you quickly grab all the files that are important to you?  Or you decide to have two computers now – one for home and one for work.  How do you quickly isolate only the work-related files to move them to the work computer? Synchronize files to other computers.  If you have more than one computer, and you need to mirror some of your files onto the other computer (e.g. your music collection), then you need a way to quickly determine which files are to be synced and which are not.  Surely you don’t want to synchronize everything? Choose which files to back up.  If your backup regime calls for multiple backups, or requires speedy backups, then you’ll need to be able to specify which files are to be backed up, and which are not.  This is not possible if they’re all in the same folder. Finally, if you’re simply someone who takes pleasure in being organized, tidy and ordered (me! me!), then you don’t even need a reason.  Being disorganized is simply unthinkable. Tips on Getting Organized Here we present our 40 best tips on how to get organized.  Or, if you’re already organized, to get better organized. Tip #1.  Choose Your Organization System Carefully The reason that most people are not organized is that it takes time.  And the first thing that takes time is deciding upon a system of organization.  This is always a matter of personal preference, and is not something that a geek on a website can tell you.  You should always choose your own system, based on how your own brain is organized (which makes the assumption that your brain is, in fact, organized). We can’t instruct you, but we can make suggestions: You may want to start off with a system based on the users of the computer.  i.e. “My Files”, “My Wife’s Files”, My Son’s Files”, etc.  Inside “My Files”, you might then break it down into “Personal” and “Business”.  You may then realize that there are overlaps.  For example, everyone may want to share access to the music library, or the photos from the school play.  So you may create another folder called “Family”, for the “common” files. You may decide that the highest-level breakdown of your files is based on the “source” of each file.  In other words, who created the files.  You could have “Files created by ME (business or personal)”, “Files created by people I know (family, friends, etc)”, and finally “Files created by the rest of the world (MP3 music files, downloaded or ripped movies or TV shows, software installation files, gorgeous desktop wallpaper images you’ve collected, etc).”  This system happens to be the one I use myself.  See below:  Mark is for files created by meVC is for files created by my company (Virtual Creations)Others is for files created by my friends and familyData is the rest of the worldAlso, Settings is where I store the configuration files and other program data files for my installed software (more on this in tip #34, below). Each folder will present its own particular set of requirements for further sub-organization.  For example, you may decide to organize your music collection into sub-folders based on the artist’s name, while your digital photos might get organized based on the date they were taken.  It can be different for every sub-folder! Another strategy would be based on “currentness”.  Files you have yet to open and look at live in one folder.  Ones that have been looked at but not yet filed live in another place.  Current, active projects live in yet another place.  All other files (your “archive”, if you like) would live in a fourth folder. (And of course, within that last folder you’d need to create a further sub-system based on one of the previous bullet points). Put some thought into this – changing it when it proves incomplete can be a big hassle!  Before you go to the trouble of implementing any system you come up with, examine a wide cross-section of the files you own and see if they will all be able to find a nice logical place to sit within your system. Tip #2.  When You Decide on Your System, Stick to It! There’s nothing more pointless than going to all the trouble of creating a system and filing all your files, and then whenever you create, receive or download a new file, you simply dump it onto your Desktop.  You need to be disciplined – forever!  Every new file you get, spend those extra few seconds to file it where it belongs!  Otherwise, in just a month or two, you’ll be worse off than before – half your files will be organized and half will be disorganized – and you won’t know which is which! Tip #3.  Choose the Root Folder of Your Structure Carefully Every data file (document, photo, music file, etc) that you create, own or is important to you, no matter where it came from, should be found within one single folder, and that one single folder should be located at the root of your C: drive (as a sub-folder of C:\).  In other words, do not base your folder structure in standard folders like “My Documents”.  If you do, then you’re leaving it up to the operating system engineers to decide what folder structure is best for you.  And every operating system has a different system!  In Windows 7 your files are found in C:\Users\YourName, whilst on Windows XP it was C:\Documents and Settings\YourName\My Documents.  In UNIX systems it’s often /home/YourName. These standard default folders tend to fill up with junk files and folders that are not at all important to you.  “My Documents” is the worst offender.  Every second piece of software you install, it seems, likes to create its own folder in the “My Documents” folder.  These folders usually don’t fit within your organizational structure, so don’t use them!  In fact, don’t even use the “My Documents” folder at all.  Allow it to fill up with junk, and then simply ignore it.  It sounds heretical, but: Don’t ever visit your “My Documents” folder!  Remove your icons/links to “My Documents” and replace them with links to the folders you created and you care about! Create your own file system from scratch!  Probably the best place to put it would be on your D: drive – if you have one.  This way, all your files live on one drive, while all the operating system and software component files live on the C: drive – simply and elegantly separated.  The benefits of that are profound.  Not only are there obvious organizational benefits (see tip #10, below), but when it comes to migrate your data to a new computer, you can (sometimes) simply unplug your D: drive and plug it in as the D: drive of your new computer (this implies that the D: drive is actually a separate physical disk, and not a partition on the same disk as C:).  You also get a slight speed improvement (again, only if your C: and D: drives are on separate physical disks). Warning:  From tip #12, below, you will see that it’s actually a good idea to have exactly the same file system structure – including the drive it’s filed on – on all of the computers you own.  So if you decide to use the D: drive as the storage system for your own files, make sure you are able to use the D: drive on all the computers you own.  If you can’t ensure that, then you can still use a clever geeky trick to store your files on the D: drive, but still access them all via the C: drive (see tip #17, below). If you only have one hard disk (C:), then create a dedicated folder that will contain all your files – something like C:\Files.  The name of the folder is not important, but make it a single, brief word. There are several reasons for this: When creating a backup regime, it’s easy to decide what files should be backed up – they’re all in the one folder! If you ever decide to trade in your computer for a new one, you know exactly which files to migrate You will always know where to begin a search for any file If you synchronize files with other computers, it makes your synchronization routines very simple.   It also causes all your shortcuts to continue to work on the other machines (more about this in tip #24, below). Once you’ve decided where your files should go, then put all your files in there – Everything!  Completely disregard the standard, default folders that are created for you by the operating system (“My Music”, “My Pictures”, etc).  In fact, you can actually relocate many of those folders into your own structure (more about that below, in tip #6). The more completely you get all your data files (documents, photos, music, etc) and all your configuration settings into that one folder, then the easier it will be to perform all of the above tasks. Once this has been done, and all your files live in one folder, all the other folders in C:\ can be thought of as “operating system” folders, and therefore of little day-to-day interest for us. Here’s a screenshot of a nicely organized C: drive, where all user files are located within the \Files folder:   Tip #4.  Use Sub-Folders This would be our simplest and most obvious tip.  It almost goes without saying.  Any organizational system you decide upon (see tip #1) will require that you create sub-folders for your files.  Get used to creating folders on a regular basis. Tip #5.  Don’t be Shy About Depth Create as many levels of sub-folders as you need.  Don’t be scared to do so.  Every time you notice an opportunity to group a set of related files into a sub-folder, do so.  Examples might include:  All the MP3s from one music CD, all the photos from one holiday, or all the documents from one client. It’s perfectly okay to put files into a folder called C:\Files\Me\From Others\Services\WestCo Bank\Statements\2009.  That’s only seven levels deep.  Ten levels is not uncommon.  Of course, it’s possible to take this too far.  If you notice yourself creating a sub-folder to hold only one file, then you’ve probably become a little over-zealous.  On the other hand, if you simply create a structure with only two levels (for example C:\Files\Work) then you really haven’t achieved any level of organization at all (unless you own only six files!).  Your “Work” folder will have become a dumping ground, just like your Desktop was, with most likely hundreds of files in it. Tip #6.  Move the Standard User Folders into Your Own Folder Structure Most operating systems, including Windows, create a set of standard folders for each of its users.  These folders then become the default location for files such as documents, music files, digital photos and downloaded Internet files.  In Windows 7, the full list is shown below: Some of these folders you may never use nor care about (for example, the Favorites folder, if you’re not using Internet Explorer as your browser).  Those ones you can leave where they are.  But you may be using some of the other folders to store files that are important to you.  Even if you’re not using them, Windows will still often treat them as the default storage location for many types of files.  When you go to save a standard file type, it can become annoying to be automatically prompted to save it in a folder that’s not part of your own file structure. But there’s a simple solution:  Move the folders you care about into your own folder structure!  If you do, then the next time you go to save a file of the corresponding type, Windows will prompt you to save it in the new, moved location. Moving the folders is easy.  Simply drag-and-drop them to the new location.  Here’s a screenshot of the default My Music folder being moved to my custom personal folder (Mark): Tip #7.  Name Files and Folders Intelligently This is another one that almost goes without saying, but we’ll say it anyway:  Do not allow files to be created that have meaningless names like Document1.doc, or folders called New Folder (2).  Take that extra 20 seconds and come up with a meaningful name for the file/folder – one that accurately divulges its contents without repeating the entire contents in the name. Tip #8.  Watch Out for Long Filenames Another way to tell if you have not yet created enough depth to your folder hierarchy is that your files often require really long names.  If you need to call a file Johnson Sales Figures March 2009.xls (which might happen to live in the same folder as Abercrombie Budget Report 2008.xls), then you might want to create some sub-folders so that the first file could be simply called March.xls, and living in the Clients\Johnson\Sales Figures\2009 folder. A well-placed file needs only a brief filename! Tip #9.  Use Shortcuts!  Everywhere! This is probably the single most useful and important tip we can offer.  A shortcut allows a file to be in two places at once. Why would you want that?  Well, the file and folder structure of every popular operating system on the market today is hierarchical.  This means that all objects (files and folders) always live within exactly one parent folder.  It’s a bit like a tree.  A tree has branches (folders) and leaves (files).  Each leaf, and each branch, is supported by exactly one parent branch, all the way back to the root of the tree (which, incidentally, is exactly why C:\ is called the “root folder” of the C: drive). That hard disks are structured this way may seem obvious and even necessary, but it’s only one way of organizing data.  There are others:  Relational databases, for example, organize structured data entirely differently.  The main limitation of hierarchical filing structures is that a file can only ever be in one branch of the tree – in only one folder – at a time.  Why is this a problem?  Well, there are two main reasons why this limitation is a problem for computer users: The “correct” place for a file, according to our organizational rationale, is very often a very inconvenient place for that file to be located.  Just because it’s correctly filed doesn’t mean it’s easy to get to.  Your file may be “correctly” buried six levels deep in your sub-folder structure, but you may need regular and speedy access to this file every day.  You could always move it to a more convenient location, but that would mean that you would need to re-file back to its “correct” location it every time you’d finished working on it.  Most unsatisfactory. A file may simply “belong” in two or more different locations within your file structure.  For example, say you’re an accountant and you have just completed the 2009 tax return for John Smith.  It might make sense to you to call this file 2009 Tax Return.doc and file it under Clients\John Smith.  But it may also be important to you to have the 2009 tax returns from all your clients together in the one place.  So you might also want to call the file John Smith.doc and file it under Tax Returns\2009.  The problem is, in a purely hierarchical filing system, you can’t put it in both places.  Grrrrr! Fortunately, Windows (and most other operating systems) offers a way for you to do exactly that:  It’s called a “shortcut” (also known as an “alias” on Macs and a “symbolic link” on UNIX systems).  Shortcuts allow a file to exist in one place, and an icon that represents the file to be created and put anywhere else you please.  In fact, you can create a dozen such icons and scatter them all over your hard disk.  Double-clicking on one of these icons/shortcuts opens up the original file, just as if you had double-clicked on the original file itself. Consider the following two icons: The one on the left is the actual Word document, while the one on the right is a shortcut that represents the Word document.  Double-clicking on either icon will open the same file.  There are two main visual differences between the icons: The shortcut will have a small arrow in the lower-left-hand corner (on Windows, anyway) The shortcut is allowed to have a name that does not include the file extension (the “.docx” part, in this case) You can delete the shortcut at any time without losing any actual data.  The original is still intact.  All you lose is the ability to get to that data from wherever the shortcut was. So why are shortcuts so great?  Because they allow us to easily overcome the main limitation of hierarchical file systems, and put a file in two (or more) places at the same time.  You will always have files that don’t play nice with your organizational rationale, and can’t be filed in only one place.  They demand to exist in two places.  Shortcuts allow this!  Furthermore, they allow you to collect your most often-opened files and folders together in one spot for convenient access.  The cool part is that the original files stay where they are, safe forever in their perfectly organized location. So your collection of most often-opened files can – and should – become a collection of shortcuts! If you’re still not convinced of the utility of shortcuts, consider the following well-known areas of a typical Windows computer: The Start Menu (and all the programs that live within it) The Quick Launch bar (or the Superbar in Windows 7) The “Favorite folders” area in the top-left corner of the Windows Explorer window (in Windows Vista or Windows 7) Your Internet Explorer Favorites or Firefox Bookmarks Each item in each of these areas is a shortcut!  Each of those areas exist for one purpose only:  For convenience – to provide you with a collection of the files and folders you access most often. It should be easy to see by now that shortcuts are designed for one single purpose:  To make accessing your files more convenient.  Each time you double-click on a shortcut, you are saved the hassle of locating the file (or folder, or program, or drive, or control panel icon) that it represents. Shortcuts allow us to invent a golden rule of file and folder organization: “Only ever have one copy of a file – never have two copies of the same file.  Use a shortcut instead” (this rule doesn’t apply to copies created for backup purposes, of course!) There are also lesser rules, like “don’t move a file into your work area – create a shortcut there instead”, and “any time you find yourself frustrated with how long it takes to locate a file, create a shortcut to it and place that shortcut in a convenient location.” So how to we create these massively useful shortcuts?  There are two main ways: “Copy” the original file or folder (click on it and type Ctrl-C, or right-click on it and select Copy):  Then right-click in an empty area of the destination folder (the place where you want the shortcut to go) and select Paste shortcut: Right-drag (drag with the right mouse button) the file from the source folder to the destination folder.  When you let go of the mouse button at the destination folder, a menu pops up: Select Create shortcuts here. Note that when shortcuts are created, they are often named something like Shortcut to Budget Detail.doc (windows XP) or Budget Detail – Shortcut.doc (Windows 7).   If you don’t like those extra words, you can easily rename the shortcuts after they’re created, or you can configure Windows to never insert the extra words in the first place (see our article on how to do this). And of course, you can create shortcuts to folders too, not just to files! Bottom line: Whenever you have a file that you’d like to access from somewhere else (whether it’s convenience you’re after, or because the file simply belongs in two places), create a shortcut to the original file in the new location. Tip #10.  Separate Application Files from Data Files Any digital organization guru will drum this rule into you.  Application files are the components of the software you’ve installed (e.g. Microsoft Word, Adobe Photoshop or Internet Explorer).  Data files are the files that you’ve created for yourself using that software (e.g. Word Documents, digital photos, emails or playlists). Software gets installed, uninstalled and upgraded all the time.  Hopefully you always have the original installation media (or downloaded set-up file) kept somewhere safe, and can thus reinstall your software at any time.  This means that the software component files are of little importance.  Whereas the files you have created with that software is, by definition, important.  It’s a good rule to always separate unimportant files from important files. So when your software prompts you to save a file you’ve just created, take a moment and check out where it’s suggesting that you save the file.  If it’s suggesting that you save the file into the same folder as the software itself, then definitely don’t follow that suggestion.  File it in your own folder!  In fact, see if you can find the program’s configuration option that determines where files are saved by default (if it has one), and change it. Tip #11.  Organize Files Based on Purpose, Not on File Type If you have, for example a folder called Work\Clients\Johnson, and within that folder you have two sub-folders, Word Documents and Spreadsheets (in other words, you’re separating “.doc” files from “.xls” files), then chances are that you’re not optimally organized.  It makes little sense to organize your files based on the program that created them.  Instead, create your sub-folders based on the purpose of the file.  For example, it would make more sense to create sub-folders called Correspondence and Financials.  It may well be that all the files in a given sub-folder are of the same file-type, but this should be more of a coincidence and less of a design feature of your organization system. Tip #12.  Maintain the Same Folder Structure on All Your Computers In other words, whatever organizational system you create, apply it to every computer that you can.  There are several benefits to this: There’s less to remember.  No matter where you are, you always know where to look for your files If you copy or synchronize files from one computer to another, then setting up the synchronization job becomes very simple Shortcuts can be copied or moved from one computer to another with ease (assuming the original files are also copied/moved).  There’s no need to find the target of the shortcut all over again on the second computer Ditto for linked files (e.g Word documents that link to data in a separate Excel file), playlists, and any files that reference the exact file locations of other files. This applies even to the drive that your files are stored on.  If your files are stored on C: on one computer, make sure they’re stored on C: on all your computers.  Otherwise all your shortcuts, playlists and linked files will stop working! Tip #13.  Create an “Inbox” Folder Create yourself a folder where you store all files that you’re currently working on, or that you haven’t gotten around to filing yet.  You can think of this folder as your “to-do” list.  You can call it “Inbox” (making it the same metaphor as your email system), or “Work”, or “To-Do”, or “Scratch”, or whatever name makes sense to you.  It doesn’t matter what you call it – just make sure you have one! Once you have finished working on a file, you then move it from the “Inbox” to its correct location within your organizational structure. You may want to use your Desktop as this “Inbox” folder.  Rightly or wrongly, most people do.  It’s not a bad place to put such files, but be careful:  If you do decide that your Desktop represents your “to-do” list, then make sure that no other files find their way there.  In other words, make sure that your “Inbox”, wherever it is, Desktop or otherwise, is kept free of junk – stray files that don’t belong there. So where should you put this folder, which, almost by definition, lives outside the structure of the rest of your filing system?  Well, first and foremost, it has to be somewhere handy.  This will be one of your most-visited folders, so convenience is key.  Putting it on the Desktop is a great option – especially if you don’t have any other folders on your Desktop:  the folder then becomes supremely easy to find in Windows Explorer: You would then create shortcuts to this folder in convenient spots all over your computer (“Favorite Links”, “Quick Launch”, etc). Tip #14.  Ensure You have Only One “Inbox” Folder Once you’ve created your “Inbox” folder, don’t use any other folder location as your “to-do list”.  Throw every incoming or created file into the Inbox folder as you create/receive it.  This keeps the rest of your computer pristine and free of randomly created or downloaded junk.  The last thing you want to be doing is checking multiple folders to see all your current tasks and projects.  Gather them all together into one folder. Here are some tips to help ensure you only have one Inbox: Set the default “save” location of all your programs to this folder. Set the default “download” location for your browser to this folder. If this folder is not your desktop (recommended) then also see if you can make a point of not putting “to-do” files on your desktop.  This keeps your desktop uncluttered and Zen-like: (the Inbox folder is in the bottom-right corner) Tip #15.  Be Vigilant about Clearing Your “Inbox” Folder This is one of the keys to staying organized.  If you let your “Inbox” overflow (i.e. allow there to be more than, say, 30 files or folders in there), then you’re probably going to start feeling like you’re overwhelmed:  You’re not keeping up with your to-do list.  Once your Inbox gets beyond a certain point (around 30 files, studies have shown), then you’ll simply start to avoid it.  You may continue to put files in there, but you’ll be scared to look at it, fearing the “out of control” feeling that all overworked, chaotic or just plain disorganized people regularly feel. So, here’s what you can do: Visit your Inbox/to-do folder regularly (at least five times per day). Scan the folder regularly for files that you have completed working on and are ready for filing.  File them immediately. Make it a source of pride to keep the number of files in this folder as small as possible.  If you value peace of mind, then make the emptiness of this folder one of your highest (computer) priorities If you know that a particular file has been in the folder for more than, say, six weeks, then admit that you’re not actually going to get around to processing it, and move it to its final resting place. Tip #16.  File Everything Immediately, and Use Shortcuts for Your Active Projects As soon as you create, receive or download a new file, store it away in its “correct” folder immediately.  Then, whenever you need to work on it (possibly straight away), create a shortcut to it in your “Inbox” (“to-do”) folder or your desktop.  That way, all your files are always in their “correct” locations, yet you still have immediate, convenient access to your current, active files.  When you finish working on a file, simply delete the shortcut. Ideally, your “Inbox” folder – and your Desktop – should contain no actual files or folders.  They should simply contain shortcuts. Tip #17.  Use Directory Symbolic Links (or Junctions) to Maintain One Unified Folder Structure Using this tip, we can get around a potential hiccup that we can run into when creating our organizational structure – the issue of having more than one drive on our computer (C:, D:, etc).  We might have files we need to store on the D: drive for space reasons, and yet want to base our organized folder structure on the C: drive (or vice-versa). Your chosen organizational structure may dictate that all your files must be accessed from the C: drive (for example, the root folder of all your files may be something like C:\Files).  And yet you may still have a D: drive and wish to take advantage of the hundreds of spare Gigabytes that it offers.  Did you know that it’s actually possible to store your files on the D: drive and yet access them as if they were on the C: drive?  And no, we’re not talking about shortcuts here (although the concept is very similar). By using the shell command mklink, you can essentially take a folder that lives on one drive and create an alias for it on a different drive (you can do lots more than that with mklink – for a full rundown on this programs capabilities, see our dedicated article).  These aliases are called directory symbolic links (and used to be known as junctions).  You can think of them as “virtual” folders.  They function exactly like regular folders, except they’re physically located somewhere else. For example, you may decide that your entire D: drive contains your complete organizational file structure, but that you need to reference all those files as if they were on the C: drive, under C:\Files.  If that was the case you could create C:\Files as a directory symbolic link – a link to D:, as follows: mklink /d c:\files d:\ Or it may be that the only files you wish to store on the D: drive are your movie collection.  You could locate all your movie files in the root of your D: drive, and then link it to C:\Files\Media\Movies, as follows: mklink /d c:\files\media\movies d:\ (Needless to say, you must run these commands from a command prompt – click the Start button, type cmd and press Enter) Tip #18. Customize Your Folder Icons This is not strictly speaking an organizational tip, but having unique icons for each folder does allow you to more quickly visually identify which folder is which, and thus saves you time when you’re finding files.  An example is below (from my folder that contains all files downloaded from the Internet): To learn how to change your folder icons, please refer to our dedicated article on the subject. Tip #19.  Tidy Your Start Menu The Windows Start Menu is usually one of the messiest parts of any Windows computer.  Every program you install seems to adopt a completely different approach to placing icons in this menu.  Some simply put a single program icon.  Others create a folder based on the name of the software.  And others create a folder based on the name of the software manufacturer.  It’s chaos, and can make it hard to find the software you want to run. Thankfully we can avoid this chaos with useful operating system features like Quick Launch, the Superbar or pinned start menu items. Even so, it would make a lot of sense to get into the guts of the Start Menu itself and give it a good once-over.  All you really need to decide is how you’re going to organize your applications.  A structure based on the purpose of the application is an obvious candidate.  Below is an example of one such structure: In this structure, Utilities means software whose job it is to keep the computer itself running smoothly (configuration tools, backup software, Zip programs, etc).  Applications refers to any productivity software that doesn’t fit under the headings Multimedia, Graphics, Internet, etc. In case you’re not aware, every icon in your Start Menu is a shortcut and can be manipulated like any other shortcut (copied, moved, deleted, etc). With the Windows Start Menu (all version of Windows), Microsoft has decided that there be two parallel folder structures to store your Start Menu shortcuts.  One for you (the logged-in user of the computer) and one for all users of the computer.  Having two parallel structures can often be redundant:  If you are the only user of the computer, then having two parallel structures is totally redundant.  Even if you have several users that regularly log into the computer, most of your installed software will need to be made available to all users, and should thus be moved out of the “just you” version of the Start Menu and into the “all users” area. To take control of your Start Menu, so you can start organizing it, you’ll need to know how to access the actual folders and shortcut files that make up the Start Menu (both versions of it).  To find these folders and files, click the Start button and then right-click on the All Programs text (Windows XP users should right-click on the Start button itself): The Open option refers to the “just you” version of the Start Menu, while the Open All Users option refers to the “all users” version.  Click on the one you want to organize. A Windows Explorer window then opens with your chosen version of the Start Menu selected.  From there it’s easy.  Double-click on the Programs folder and you’ll see all your folders and shortcuts.  Now you can delete/rename/move until it’s just the way you want it. Note:  When you’re reorganizing your Start Menu, you may want to have two Explorer windows open at the same time – one showing the “just you” version and one showing the “all users” version.  You can drag-and-drop between the windows. Tip #20.  Keep Your Start Menu Tidy Once you have a perfectly organized Start Menu, try to be a little vigilant about keeping it that way.  Every time you install a new piece of software, the icons that get created will almost certainly violate your organizational structure. So to keep your Start Menu pristine and organized, make sure you do the following whenever you install a new piece of software: Check whether the software was installed into the “just you” area of the Start Menu, or the “all users” area, and then move it to the correct area. Remove all the unnecessary icons (like the “Read me” icon, the “Help” icon (you can always open the help from within the software itself when it’s running), the “Uninstall” icon, the link(s)to the manufacturer’s website, etc) Rename the main icon(s) of the software to something brief that makes sense to you.  For example, you might like to rename Microsoft Office Word 2010 to simply Word Move the icon(s) into the correct folder based on your Start Menu organizational structure And don’t forget:  when you uninstall a piece of software, the software’s uninstall routine is no longer going to be able to remove the software’s icon from the Start Menu (because you moved and/or renamed it), so you’ll need to remove that icon manually. Tip #21.  Tidy C:\ The root of your C: drive (C:\) is a common dumping ground for files and folders – both by the users of your computer and by the software that you install on your computer.  It can become a mess. There’s almost no software these days that requires itself to be installed in C:\.  99% of the time it can and should be installed into C:\Program Files.  And as for your own files, well, it’s clear that they can (and almost always should) be stored somewhere else. In an ideal world, your C:\ folder should look like this (on Windows 7): Note that there are some system files and folders in C:\ that are usually and deliberately “hidden” (such as the Windows virtual memory file pagefile.sys, the boot loader file bootmgr, and the System Volume Information folder).  Hiding these files and folders is a good idea, as they need to stay where they are and are almost never needed to be opened or even seen by you, the user.  Hiding them prevents you from accidentally messing with them, and enhances your sense of order and well-being when you look at your C: drive folder. Tip #22.  Tidy Your Desktop The Desktop is probably the most abused part of a Windows computer (from an organization point of view).  It usually serves as a dumping ground for all incoming files, as well as holding icons to oft-used applications, plus some regularly opened files and folders.  It often ends up becoming an uncontrolled mess.  See if you can avoid this.  Here’s why… Application icons (Word, Internet Explorer, etc) are often found on the Desktop, but it’s unlikely that this is the optimum place for them.  The “Quick Launch” bar (or the Superbar in Windows 7) is always visible and so represents a perfect location to put your icons.  You’ll only be able to see the icons on your Desktop when all your programs are minimized.  It might be time to get your application icons off your desktop… You may have decided that the Inbox/To-do folder on your computer (see tip #13, above) should be your Desktop.  If so, then enough said.  Simply be vigilant about clearing it and preventing it from being polluted by junk files (see tip #15, above).  On the other hand, if your Desktop is not acting as your “Inbox” folder, then there’s no reason for it to have any data files or folders on it at all, except perhaps a couple of shortcuts to often-opened files and folders (either ongoing or current projects).  Everything else should be moved to your “Inbox” folder. In an ideal world, it might look like this: Tip #23.  Move Permanent Items on Your Desktop Away from the Top-Left Corner When files/folders are dragged onto your desktop in a Windows Explorer window, or when shortcuts are created on your Desktop from Internet Explorer, those icons are always placed in the top-left corner – or as close as they can get.  If you have other files, folders or shortcuts that you keep on the Desktop permanently, then it’s a good idea to separate these permanent icons from the transient ones, so that you can quickly identify which ones the transients are.  An easy way to do this is to move all your permanent icons to the right-hand side of your Desktop.  That should keep them separated from incoming items. Tip #24.  Synchronize If you have more than one computer, you’ll almost certainly want to share files between them.  If the computers are permanently attached to the same local network, then there’s no need to store multiple copies of any one file or folder – shortcuts will suffice.  However, if the computers are not always on the same network, then you will at some point need to copy files between them.  For files that need to permanently live on both computers, the ideal way to do this is to synchronize the files, as opposed to simply copying them. We only have room here to write a brief summary of synchronization, not a full article.  In short, there are several different types of synchronization: Where the contents of one folder are accessible anywhere, such as with Dropbox Where the contents of any number of folders are accessible anywhere, such as with Windows Live Mesh Where any files or folders from anywhere on your computer are synchronized with exactly one other computer, such as with the Windows “Briefcase”, Microsoft SyncToy, or (much more powerful, yet still free) SyncBack from 2BrightSparks.  This only works when both computers are on the same local network, at least temporarily. A great advantage of synchronization solutions is that once you’ve got it configured the way you want it, then the sync process happens automatically, every time.  Click a button (or schedule it to happen automatically) and all your files are automagically put where they’re supposed to be. If you maintain the same file and folder structure on both computers, then you can also sync files depend upon the correct location of other files, like shortcuts, playlists and office documents that link to other office documents, and the synchronized files still work on the other computer! Tip #25.  Hide Files You Never Need to See If you have your files well organized, you will often be able to tell if a file is out of place just by glancing at the contents of a folder (for example, it should be pretty obvious if you look in a folder that contains all the MP3s from one music CD and see a Word document in there).  This is a good thing – it allows you to determine if there are files out of place with a quick glance.  Yet sometimes there are files in a folder that seem out of place but actually need to be there, such as the “folder art” JPEGs in music folders, and various files in the root of the C: drive.  If such files never need to be opened by you, then a good idea is to simply hide them.  Then, the next time you glance at the folder, you won’t have to remember whether that file was supposed to be there or not, because you won’t see it at all! To hide a file, simply right-click on it and choose Properties: Then simply tick the Hidden tick-box:   Tip #26.  Keep Every Setup File These days most software is downloaded from the Internet.  Whenever you download a piece of software, keep it.  You’ll never know when you need to reinstall the software. Further, keep with it an Internet shortcut that links back to the website where you originally downloaded it, in case you ever need to check for updates. See tip #33 below for a full description of the excellence of organizing your setup files. Tip #27.  Try to Minimize the Number of Folders that Contain Both Files and Sub-folders Some of the folders in your organizational structure will contain only files.  Others will contain only sub-folders.  And you will also have some folders that contain both files and sub-folders.  You will notice slight improvements in how long it takes you to locate a file if you try to avoid this third type of folder.  It’s not always possible, of course – you’ll always have some of these folders, but see if you can avoid it. One way of doing this is to take all the leftover files that didn’t end up getting stored in a sub-folder and create a special “Miscellaneous” or “Other” folder for them. Tip #28.  Starting a Filename with an Underscore Brings it to the Top of a List Further to the previous tip, if you name that “Miscellaneous” or “Other” folder in such a way that its name begins with an underscore “_”, then it will appear at the top of the list of files/folders. The screenshot below is an example of this.  Each folder in the list contains a set of digital photos.  The folder at the top of the list, _Misc, contains random photos that didn’t deserve their own dedicated folder: Tip #29.  Clean Up those CD-ROMs and (shudder!) Floppy Disks Have you got a pile of CD-ROMs stacked on a shelf of your office?  Old photos, or files you archived off onto CD-ROM (or even worse, floppy disks!) because you didn’t have enough disk space at the time?  In the meantime have you upgraded your computer and now have 500 Gigabytes of space you don’t know what to do with?  If so, isn’t it time you tidied up that stack of disks and filed them into your gorgeous new folder structure? So what are you waiting for?  Bite the bullet, copy them all back onto your computer, file them in their appropriate folders, and then back the whole lot up onto a shiny new 1000Gig external hard drive! Useful Folders to Create This next section suggests some useful folders that you might want to create within your folder structure.  I’ve personally found them to be indispensable. The first three are all about convenience – handy folders to create and then put somewhere that you can always access instantly.  For each one, it’s not so important where the actual folder is located, but it’s very important where you put the shortcut(s) to the folder.  You might want to locate the shortcuts: On your Desktop In your “Quick Launch” area (or pinned to your Windows 7 Superbar) In your Windows Explorer “Favorite Links” area Tip #30.  Create an “Inbox” (“To-Do”) Folder This has already been mentioned in depth (see tip #13), but we wanted to reiterate its importance here.  This folder contains all the recently created, received or downloaded files that you have not yet had a chance to file away properly, and it also may contain files that you have yet to process.  In effect, it becomes a sort of “to-do list”.  It doesn’t have to be called “Inbox” – you can call it whatever you want. Tip #31.  Create a Folder where Your Current Projects are Collected Rather than going hunting for them all the time, or dumping them all on your desktop, create a special folder where you put links (or work folders) for each of the projects you’re currently working on. You can locate this folder in your “Inbox” folder, on your desktop, or anywhere at all – just so long as there’s a way of getting to it quickly, such as putting a link to it in Windows Explorer’s “Favorite Links” area: Tip #32.  Create a Folder for Files and Folders that You Regularly Open You will always have a few files that you open regularly, whether it be a spreadsheet of your current accounts, or a favorite playlist.  These are not necessarily “current projects”, rather they’re simply files that you always find yourself opening.  Typically such files would be located on your desktop (or even better, shortcuts to those files).  Why not collect all such shortcuts together and put them in their own special folder? As with the “Current Projects” folder (above), you would want to locate that folder somewhere convenient.  Below is an example of a folder called “Quick links”, with about seven files (shortcuts) in it, that is accessible through the Windows Quick Launch bar: See tip #37 below for a full explanation of the power of the Quick Launch bar. Tip #33.  Create a “Set-ups” Folder A typical computer has dozens of applications installed on it.  For each piece of software, there are often many different pieces of information you need to keep track of, including: The original installation setup file(s).  This can be anything from a simple 100Kb setup.exe file you downloaded from a website, all the way up to a 4Gig ISO file that you copied from a DVD-ROM that you purchased. The home page of the software manufacturer (in case you need to look up something on their support pages, their forum or their online help) The page containing the download link for your actual file (in case you need to re-download it, or download an upgraded version) The serial number Your proof-of-purchase documentation Any other template files, plug-ins, themes, etc that also need to get installed For each piece of software, it’s a great idea to gather all of these files together and put them in a single folder.  The folder can be the name of the software (plus possibly a very brief description of what it’s for – in case you can’t remember what the software does based in its name).  Then you would gather all of these folders together into one place, and call it something like “Software” or “Setups”. If you have enough of these folders (I have several hundred, being a geek, collected over 20 years), then you may want to further categorize them.  My own categorization structure is based on “platform” (operating system): The last seven folders each represents one platform/operating system, while _Operating Systems contains set-up files for installing the operating systems themselves.  _Hardware contains ROMs for hardware I own, such as routers. Within the Windows folder (above), you can see the beginnings of the vast library of software I’ve compiled over the years: An example of a typical application folder looks like this: Tip #34.  Have a “Settings” Folder We all know that our documents are important.  So are our photos and music files.  We save all of these files into folders, and then locate them afterwards and double-click on them to open them.  But there are many files that are important to us that can’t be saved into folders, and then searched for and double-clicked later on.  These files certainly contain important information that we need, but are often created internally by an application, and saved wherever that application feels is appropriate. A good example of this is the “PST” file that Outlook creates for us and uses to store all our emails, contacts, appointments and so forth.  Another example would be the collection of Bookmarks that Firefox stores on your behalf. And yet another example would be the customized settings and configuration files of our all our software.  Granted, most Windows programs store their configuration in the Registry, but there are still many programs that use configuration files to store their settings. Imagine if you lost all of the above files!  And yet, when people are backing up their computers, they typically only back up the files they know about – those that are stored in the “My Documents” folder, etc.  If they had a hard disk failure or their computer was lost or stolen, their backup files would not include some of the most vital files they owned.  Also, when migrating to a new computer, it’s vital to ensure that these files make the journey. It can be a very useful idea to create yourself a folder to store all your “settings” – files that are important to you but which you never actually search for by name and double-click on to open them.  Otherwise, next time you go to set up a new computer just the way you want it, you’ll need to spend hours recreating the configuration of your previous computer! So how to we get our important files into this folder?  Well, we have a few options: Some programs (such as Outlook and its PST files) allow you to place these files wherever you want.  If you delve into the program’s options, you will find a setting somewhere that controls the location of the important settings files (or “personal storage” – PST – when it comes to Outlook) Some programs do not allow you to change such locations in any easy way, but if you get into the Registry, you can sometimes find a registry key that refers to the location of the file(s).  Simply move the file into your Settings folder and adjust the registry key to refer to the new location. Some programs stubbornly refuse to allow their settings files to be placed anywhere other then where they stipulate.  When faced with programs like these, you have three choices:  (1) You can ignore those files, (2) You can copy the files into your Settings folder (let’s face it – settings don’t change very often), or (3) you can use synchronization software, such as the Windows Briefcase, to make synchronized copies of all your files in your Settings folder.  All you then have to do is to remember to run your sync software periodically (perhaps just before you run your backup software!). There are some other things you may decide to locate inside this new “Settings” folder: Exports of registry keys (from the many applications that store their configurations in the Registry).  This is useful for backup purposes or for migrating to a new computer Notes you’ve made about all the specific customizations you have made to a particular piece of software (so that you’ll know how to do it all again on your next computer) Shortcuts to webpages that detail how to tweak certain aspects of your operating system or applications so they are just the way you like them (such as how to remove the words “Shortcut to” from the beginning of newly created shortcuts).  In other words, you’d want to create shortcuts to half the pages on the How-To Geek website! Here’s an example of a “Settings” folder: Windows Features that Help with Organization This section details some of the features of Microsoft Windows that are a boon to anyone hoping to stay optimally organized. Tip #35.  Use the “Favorite Links” Area to Access Oft-Used Folders Once you’ve created your great new filing system, work out which folders you access most regularly, or which serve as great starting points for locating the rest of the files in your folder structure, and then put links to those folders in your “Favorite Links” area of the left-hand side of the Windows Explorer window (simply called “Favorites” in Windows 7):   Some ideas for folders you might want to add there include: Your “Inbox” folder (or whatever you’ve called it) – most important! The base of your filing structure (e.g. C:\Files) A folder containing shortcuts to often-accessed folders on other computers around the network (shown above as Network Folders) A folder containing shortcuts to your current projects (unless that folder is in your “Inbox” folder) Getting folders into this area is very simple – just locate the folder you’re interested in and drag it there! Tip #36.  Customize the Places Bar in the File/Open and File/Save Boxes Consider the screenshot below: The highlighted icons (collectively known as the “Places Bar”) can be customized to refer to any folder location you want, allowing instant access to any part of your organizational structure. Note:  These File/Open and File/Save boxes have been superseded by new versions that use the Windows Vista/Windows 7 “Favorite Links”, but the older versions (shown above) are still used by a surprisingly large number of applications. The easiest way to customize these icons is to use the Group Policy Editor, but not everyone has access to this program.  If you do, open it up and navigate to: User Configuration > Administrative Templates > Windows Components > Windows Explorer > Common Open File Dialog If you don’t have access to the Group Policy Editor, then you’ll need to get into the Registry.  Navigate to: HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Software \ Microsoft  \ Windows \ CurrentVersion \ Policies \ comdlg32 \ Placesbar It should then be easy to make the desired changes.  Log off and log on again to allow the changes to take effect. Tip #37.  Use the Quick Launch Bar as a Application and File Launcher That Quick Launch bar (to the right of the Start button) is a lot more useful than people give it credit for.  Most people simply have half a dozen icons in it, and use it to start just those programs.  But it can actually be used to instantly access just about anything in your filing system: For complete instructions on how to set this up, visit our dedicated article on this topic. Tip #38.  Put a Shortcut to Windows Explorer into Your Quick Launch Bar This is only necessary in Windows Vista and Windows XP.  The Microsoft boffins finally got wise and added it to the Windows 7 Superbar by default. Windows Explorer – the program used for managing your files and folders – is one of the most useful programs in Windows.  Anyone who considers themselves serious about being organized needs instant access to this program at any time.  A great place to create a shortcut to this program is in the Windows XP and Windows Vista “Quick Launch” bar: To get it there, locate it in your Start Menu (usually under “Accessories”) and then right-drag it down into your Quick Launch bar (and create a copy). Tip #39.  Customize the Starting Folder for Your Windows 7 Explorer Superbar Icon If you’re on Windows 7, your Superbar will include a Windows Explorer icon.  Clicking on the icon will launch Windows Explorer (of course), and will start you off in your “Libraries” folder.  Libraries may be fine as a starting point, but if you have created yourself an “Inbox” folder, then it would probably make more sense to start off in this folder every time you launch Windows Explorer. To change this default/starting folder location, then first right-click the Explorer icon in the Superbar, and then right-click Properties:Then, in Target field of the Windows Explorer Properties box that appears, type %windir%\explorer.exe followed by the path of the folder you wish to start in.  For example: %windir%\explorer.exe C:\Files If that folder happened to be on the Desktop (and called, say, “Inbox”), then you would use the following cleverness: %windir%\explorer.exe shell:desktop\Inbox Then click OK and test it out. Tip #40.  Ummmmm…. No, that’s it.  I can’t think of another one.  That’s all of the tips I can come up with.  I only created this one because 40 is such a nice round number… Case Study – An Organized PC To finish off the article, I have included a few screenshots of my (main) computer (running Vista).  The aim here is twofold: To give you a sense of what it looks like when the above, sometimes abstract, tips are applied to a real-life computer, and To offer some ideas about folders and structure that you may want to steal to use on your own PC. Let’s start with the C: drive itself.  Very minimal.  All my files are contained within C:\Files.  I’ll confine the rest of the case study to this folder: That folder contains the following: Mark: My personal files VC: My business (Virtual Creations, Australia) Others contains files created by friends and family Data contains files from the rest of the world (can be thought of as “public” files, usually downloaded from the Net) Settings is described above in tip #34 The Data folder contains the following sub-folders: Audio:  Radio plays, audio books, podcasts, etc Development:  Programmer and developer resources, sample source code, etc (see below) Humour:  Jokes, funnies (those emails that we all receive) Movies:  Downloaded and ripped movies (all legal, of course!), their scripts, DVD covers, etc. Music:  (see below) Setups:  Installation files for software (explained in full in tip #33) System:  (see below) TV:  Downloaded TV shows Writings:  Books, instruction manuals, etc (see below) The Music folder contains the following sub-folders: Album covers:  JPEG scans Guitar tabs:  Text files of guitar sheet music Lists:  e.g. “Top 1000 songs of all time” Lyrics:  Text files MIDI:  Electronic music files MP3 (representing 99% of the Music folder):  MP3s, either ripped from CDs or downloaded, sorted by artist/album name Music Video:  Video clips Sheet Music:  usually PDFs The Data\Writings folder contains the following sub-folders: (all pretty self-explanatory) The Data\Development folder contains the following sub-folders: Again, all pretty self-explanatory (if you’re a geek) The Data\System folder contains the following sub-folders: These are usually themes, plug-ins and other downloadable program-specific resources. The Mark folder contains the following sub-folders: From Others:  Usually letters that other people (friends, family, etc) have written to me For Others:  Letters and other things I have created for other people Green Book:  None of your business Playlists:  M3U files that I have compiled of my favorite songs (plus one M3U playlist file for every album I own) Writing:  Fiction, philosophy and other musings of mine Mark Docs:  Shortcut to C:\Users\Mark Settings:  Shortcut to C:\Files\Settings\Mark The Others folder contains the following sub-folders: The VC (Virtual Creations, my business – I develop websites) folder contains the following sub-folders: And again, all of those are pretty self-explanatory. Conclusion These tips have saved my sanity and helped keep me a productive geek, but what about you? What tips and tricks do you have to keep your files organized?  Please share them with us in the comments.  Come on, don’t be shy… Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Fix For When Windows Explorer in Vista Stops Showing File NamesWhy Did Windows Vista’s Music Folder Icon Turn Yellow?Print or Create a Text File List of the Contents in a Directory the Easy WayCustomize the Windows 7 or Vista Send To MenuAdd Copy To / Move To on Windows 7 or Vista Right-Click Menu TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Acronis Online Backup DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows Track Daily Goals With 42Goals Video Toolbox is a Superb Online Video Editor Fun with 47 charts and graphs Tomorrow is Mother’s Day Check the Average Speed of YouTube Videos You’ve Watched OutlookStatView Scans and Displays General Usage Statistics

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  • 8 Backup Tools Explained for Windows 7 and 8

    - by Chris Hoffman
    Backups on Windows can be confusing. Whether you’re using Windows 7 or 8, you have quite a few integrated backup tools to think about. Windows 8 made quite a few changes, too. You can also use third-party backup software, whether you want to back up to an external drive or back up your files to online storage. We won’t cover third-party tools here — just the ones built into Windows. Backup and Restore on Windows 7 Windows 7 has its own Backup and Restore feature that lets you create backups manually or on a schedule. You’ll find it under Backup and Restore in the Control Panel. The original version of Windows 8 still contained this tool, and named it Windows 7 File Recovery. This allowed former Windows 7 users to restore files from those old Windows 7 backups or keep using the familiar backup tool for a little while. Windows 7 File Recovery was removed in Windows 8.1. System Restore System Restore on both Windows 7 and 8 functions as a sort of automatic system backup feature. It creates backup copies of important system and program files on a schedule or when you perform certain tasks, such as installing a hardware driver. If system files become corrupted or your computer’s software becomes unstable, you can use System Restore to restore your system and program files from a System Restore point. This isn’t a way to back up your personal files. It’s more of a troubleshooting feature that uses backups to restore your system to its previous working state. Previous Versions on Windows 7 Windows 7′s Previous Versions feature allows you to restore older versions of files — or deleted files. These files can come from backups created with Windows 7′s Backup and Restore feature, but they can also come from System Restore points. When Windows 7 creates a System Restore point, it will sometimes contain your personal files. Previous Versions allows you to extract these personal files from restore points. This only applies to Windows 7. On Windows 8, System Restore won’t create backup copies of your personal files. The Previous Versions feature was removed on Windows 8. File History Windows 8 replaced Windows 7′s backup tools with File History, although this feature isn’t enabled by default. File History is designed to be a simple, easy way to create backups of your data files on an external drive or network location. File History replaces both Windows 7′s Backup and Previous Versions features. Windows System Restore won’t create copies of personal files on Windows 8. This means you can’t actually recover older versions of files until you enable File History yourself — it isn’t enabled by default. System Image Backups Windows also allows you to create system image backups. These are backup images of your entire operating system, including your system files, installed programs, and personal files. This feature was included in both Windows 7 and Windows 8, but it was hidden in the preview versions of Windows 8.1. After many user complaints, it was restored and is still available in the final version of Windows 8.1 — click System Image Backup on the File History Control Panel. Storage Space Mirroring Windows 8′s Storage Spaces feature allows you to set up RAID-like features in software. For example, you can use Storage Space to set up two hard disks of the same size in a mirroring configuration. They’ll appear as a single drive in Windows. When you write to this virtual drive, the files will be saved to both physical drives. If one drive fails, your files will still be available on the other drive. This isn’t a good long-term backup solution, but it is a way of ensuring you won’t lose important files if a single drive fails. Microsoft Account Settings Backup Windows 8 and 8.1 allow you to back up a variety of system settings — including personalization, desktop, and input settings. If you’re signing in with a Microsoft account, OneDrive settings backup is enabled automatically. This feature can be controlled under OneDrive > Sync settings in the PC settings app. This feature only backs up a few settings. It’s really more of a way to sync settings between devices. OneDrive Cloud Storage Microsoft hasn’t been talking much about File History since Windows 8 was released. That’s because they want people to use OneDrive instead. OneDrive — formerly known as SkyDrive — was added to the Windows desktop in Windows 8.1. Save your files here and they’ll be stored online tied to your Microsoft account. You can then sign in on any other computer, smartphone, tablet, or even via the web and access your files. Microsoft wants typical PC users “backing up” their files with OneDrive so they’ll be available on any device. You don’t have to worry about all these features. Just choose a backup strategy to ensure your files are safe if your computer’s hard disk fails you. Whether it’s an integrated backup tool or a third-party backup application, be sure to back up your files.

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  • USB external drive is not recognized by any OS, how to troubleshoot in Ubuntu?

    - by Breno
    First of all I would like to inform you that I saw a question similar to mine but the error was different, so here's my problem... I have an external HD samsung s2 model of 500GB and a day to day just stopped working, tried in other systems (windows and mac) however are not recognized. In the windows device manager when I insert the usb it states that the device in question are not working properly. Well, in the logs of my ubuntu 4.12 I see the following message when I insert my usb device in: [ 2967.560216] usb 7-2: new full-speed USB device number 2 using uhci_hcd [ 2967.680182] usb 7-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 2967.904176] usb 7-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 2968.120227] usb 7-2: new full-speed USB device number 3 using uhci_hcd [ 2968.240207] usb 7-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 2968.464063] usb 7-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 2968.680087] usb 7-2: new full-speed USB device number 4 using uhci_hcd [ 2969.092085] usb 7-2: device not accepting address 4, error -71 [ 2969.208155] usb 7-2: new full-speed USB device number 5 using uhci_hcd [ 2969.624076] usb 7-2: device not accepting address 5, error -71 [ 2969.624118] hub 7-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 2 [ 4520.240340] usb 7-1: new full-speed USB device number 6 using uhci_hcd [ 4520.364079] usb 7-1: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 4520.588109] usb 7-1: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 4520.804140] usb 7-1: new full-speed USB device number 7 using uhci_hcd [ 4520.924136] usb 7-1: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 4521.148083] usb 7-1: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 4521.364105] usb 7-1: new full-speed USB device number 8 using uhci_hcd [ 4521.776237] usb 7-1: device not accepting address 8, error -71 [ 4521.888206] usb 7-1: new full-speed USB device number 9 using uhci_hcd [ 4522.296102] usb 7-1: device not accepting address 9, error -71 [ 4522.296150] hub 7-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 1 [ 4749.036104] usb 7-2: new full-speed USB device number 10 using uhci_hcd [ 4749.156209] usb 7-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 4749.380215] usb 7-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 4749.596206] usb 7-2: new full-speed USB device number 11 using uhci_hcd [ 4749.716409] usb 7-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 4749.940110] usb 7-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 4750.156257] usb 7-2: new full-speed USB device number 12 using uhci_hcd [ 4750.572150] usb 7-2: device not accepting address 12, error -71 [ 4750.684215] usb 7-2: new full-speed USB device number 13 using uhci_hcd [ 4751.100182] usb 7-2: device not accepting address 13, error -71 [ 4751.100224] hub 7-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 2 Here is my system: Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 008 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 005 Device 002: ID 08ff:2810 AuthenTec, Inc. AES2810 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Memory Controller Hub (rev 07) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 07) 00:02.1 Display controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 07) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 02) 00:1a.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5 (rev 02) 00:1a.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #6 (rev 02) 00:1a.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2 (rev 02) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 02) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 02) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 2 (rev 02) 00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 5 (rev 02) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 02) 00:1d.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 02) 00:1d.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 02) 00:1d.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 (rev 02) 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev 92) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation ICH9M LPC Interface Controller (rev 02) 00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801IBM/IEM (ICH9M/ICH9M-E) 2 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 02) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 02) 00:1f.5 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801IBM/IEM (ICH9M/ICH9M-E) 2 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 02) 02:01.0 CardBus bridge: Ricoh Co Ltd RL5c476 II (rev ba) 02:01.1 FireWire (IEEE 1394): Ricoh Co Ltd R5C832 IEEE 1394 Controller (rev 04) 02:01.2 SD Host controller: Ricoh Co Ltd R5C822 SD/SDIO/MMC/MS/MSPro Host Adapter (rev 21) 09:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5756ME Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express 0c:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4312 802.11b/g LP-PHY (rev 01) Does anyone have any clue what would be the problem?

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  • PHP Codeigniter error: call to undefined method ci_db_mysql_driver::result()

    - by Ronnie
    I was trying to create an xml response using codeigniter. The following error gets thrown when i run the code. This page contains the following errors: error on line 1 at column 48: Extra content at the end of the document <?php class Api extends CI_Controller{ function index() { $this->load->helper('url', 'xml', 'security'); echo '<em>oops! no parameters selected.</em>'; } function authorize($email = 'blank', $password = 'blank') { header ("content-type: text/xml"); echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>'; echo '<node>'; if ($email == 'blank' AND $password == 'blank') { echo '<response>failed</response>'; } else { $this->db->where('email_id', $email); $this->db->limit(1); $query = $this->db->from('lp_user_master'); $this->get(); $count = $this->db->count_all_results(); if ($count > 0) { foreach ($query->result() as $row){ echo '<ip>'.$row->title.'</ip>'; } } } echo '</node>'; } } ?>

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  • GMLib Could not complete the operation due to error 80020101

    - by Pierrie
    I get this error "Could not complete the operation due to error 80020101." at random times when displaying a map with a marker on it. I use Delphi 2007 and GMLib [1.2.0 Final]. I have read up on the issue and some suggestions was that the problem is due to commenting or bad syntax in java code, and it was suggested that i take out all the commenting and check for errors in the java code. This i did, i recompiled and reinstalled GMLib after modifying the map.html file. I stripped it of all commenting and parsed it through ie for faults but found none, as expected. But the problem still occurs. Here is a sample of my code to show the map and add the marker : Var newmarker : TMarker; begin newmarker := GMMarker1.Add(); newmarker.Position.Lat := MarkersToPaint[i].Latitude; newmarker.Position.Lng := MarkersToPaint[i].Longitude; newmarker.Visible := True; newmarker.Title := MarkersToPaint[i].Title; GMMap1.RequiredProp.Center.Lat := midlat; GMMap1.RequiredProp.Center.Lng := midlong; GMMap1.RequiredProp.Zoom := 18; GMMarker1.ShowElements; GMMap1.Active := True; Any help in this matter will be greatly appreciated.

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  • "SignTool error: Access is denied" in TFS 2010 build process

    - by user351352
    I'm getting "SignTool Error: Access is Denied" when I attempt to sign a file. When I use an administrator cmd, all works fine. However, this process is going to be used in a TFS 2010 build process and using the InvokeProcess task with signtool gives the same access denied message as a non-administrator command prompt. More info: On a Win2008 R2 enterprise machine. User is machine admin and on the domain. The TFS Build service is also set to run as this user. Using a self signed certificate created using these instructions: How do I create a self-signed certificate for code signing on Windows? After following these instructions I have the following files: MyCA.cer MyCA.pvk MySPC.cer MySPC.pvk MySPC.pfx MyCA is in my Trusted Root Certification Authorities I imported MySPC.pfx into personal certificates, following the advice here: SignTool error: Access is denied To do the signing I'm using the thumbprint of the MySPC.pfx that was imported into the Personal section so my signtool command looks like: sign /sha1 1e9d7b5ad98552d9c58944e3f3903e6b929f4819 /t http://timestamp.verisign.com/scripts/timestamp.dll "FileName" Once again this works in Admin mode. This also works when running cmd as administrator: sign /f "C:\Code Signing Non-Release\MySPC.pfx" /t http://timestamp.verisign.com/scripts/timestamp.dll "FileName" New to code signing in general, so any help is welcome.

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  • Could not determine metatable error binding list to asp.net datagridview

    - by Scott Vercuski
    I am working with the following block of code ... List<ThemeObject> themeList = (from theme in database.Themes join image in database.DBImages on theme.imageID equals image.imageID into resultSet from item in resultSet select new ThemeObject { Name = theme.Name, ImageID = item.imageID}).ToList(); dgvGridView.DataSource = themeList; dgvGridView.DataBind(); The list object populates fine. The datagrid is setup with 2 columns. A textbox column for the "Name" which is bound to "Name" An image column which is bound to the "ImageID" field When I execute the code I receive the following error on the DataBind() Could not determine a MetaTable. A MetaTable could not be determined for the data source '' and one could not be inferred from the request URL. Make sure that the table is mapped to the dats source, or that the data source is configured with a valid context type and table name, or that the request is part of a registered DynamicDataRoute. I'm not using any dynamicdataroutes as far as I can tell. Has anyone experienced this error before?

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  • Code sign error with Xcode 3.2

    - by quux
    I had a fully working build environment before upgrading to iPhone OS 3.1 and Xcode 3.2. Now when I try to do a build, i get the following: Code Sign error: Provisioning profile 'FooApp test' specifies the Application Identifier 'no.fooapp.iphoneapp' which doesn't match the current setting 'TGECMYZ3VK.no.fooapp.iphoneapp' The problem is that Xcode somehow manages to think that the "FooApp Test" provisioning profile specifies the Application Identifier "no.fooapp.iphoneapp", but this is not the case. In the Organizer (and in the iPhone developer portal website) the app identifier is correctly seen as 'TGECMYZ3VK.no.fooapp.iphoneapp'. Also, when setting the provisioning profile in the build options at the project level, Xcode correctly identifies the app identifier, but when I go to the target, I'm unable to select any valid provisioning profile. What could be causing this problem? Update: I've tried to create a new provisioning profile, but still no luck. I also tried simply changing the app identified in Info.plist to just "no.fooapp.iphoneapp". The build succeeds, but now I get an error from the Organizer: The executable was signed with invalid entitlements. The entitlements specified in your application's Code Signing Entitlements file do not match those specified in your provisioning profile. (0xE8008016). This seems reasonable, as the provisioning profile still has the "TGECMYZ3VK.no.fooapp.iphoneapp" application identifier. I also double checked that all certiicates are valid in the Keychain. So my question is how I can get Xcode to see the correct application identifier? UPDATE: As noted below, what seems to fix the problem is deleting all provisioning profiles, certificates etc, making new certificates / profiles and installing them again. If anyone has any other solutions, they would be welcome. :)

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  • WCF Restful services getting error 400 (bad request) when post xml data

    - by Wayne Lo
    I am trying to self host a WCF services and calling the services via javascript. It works when I pass the request data via Json but not xml (400 bad request). Please help. Contract: public interface iSelfHostServices { [OperationContract] [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", UriTemplate = INFOMATO.RestTemplate.hello_post2,RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Xml, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Xml, BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped)] Stream hello_post2(string helloString); } Server side code: public Stream hello_post2(string helloString) { if (helloString == null) { WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse.StatusCode = System.Net.HttpStatusCode.BadRequest; return null; } WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse.StatusCode = System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK; return new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(helloString)); } JavaScript: function testSelfHost_WCFService_post_Parameter() { var xmlString = "<helloString>'hello via Post'</helloString>"; Ajax_sendData("hello/post2", xmlString); } function Ajax_sendData(url, data) { var request = false; request = getHTTPObject(); if (request) { request.onreadystatechange = function() { parseResponse(request); }; request.open("post", url, true); request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset=utf-8"); charset=utf-8"); request.send(data); return true; } } function getHTTPObject() { var xhr = false; if (window.XMLHttpRequest) { xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(); } else if (window.ActiveXObject) {...} }

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  • Maven error: Unable to get resource / Server redirected too many times

    - by tewe
    Our proxy went down and I tried to update dependencies with maven while it was off. Since then I can't download anything with maven. I get this error for everything. I tried -U option, deleting my local repository and tried different maven version (2.0.9, 2.2.1) but it doesn't work. Any idea how to solve this? Earlier it also said 'repository will be blacklisted' to all of them. Downloading: http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-compiler-plugin/2.1/maven-compiler-plugin-2.1.pom [WARNING] Unable to get resource 'org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:pom:2.1' from repository central (http://repo1.maven.org/maven2): Error transferring file: Server redirected too many times (20) org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:pom:2.1 from the specified remote repositories: jboss-snapshot (http://snapshots.jboss.org/maven2), central (http://repo1.maven.org/maven2), JBoss Repo (http://repository.jboss.com/maven2), spring-maven-snapshot (http://maven.springframework.org/snapshot), com.springsource.repository.bundles.external (http://repository.springsource.com/maven/bundles/external), com.springsource.repository.bundles.snapshot (http://repository.springsource.com/maven/bundles/snapshot), jboss (http://repository.jboss.com/maven2), com.springsource.repository.bundles.release (http://repository.springsource.com/maven/bundles/release), jboss-snapshot-plugins (http://snapshots.jboss.org/maven2), com.springsource.repository.bundles.milestone (http://repository.springsource.com/maven/bundles/milestone), jboss-plugins (http://repository.jboss.com/maven2) at org.apache.maven.artifact.resolver.DefaultArtifactResolver.resolve(DefaultArtifactResolver.java:228) at org.apache.maven.artifact.resolver.DefaultArtifactResolver.resolve(DefaultArtifactResolver.java:90) at org.apache.maven.project.DefaultMavenProjectBuilder.findModelFromRepository(DefaultMavenProjectBuilder.java:558) ... 25 more Caused by: org.apache.maven.wagon.ResourceDoesNotExistException: Unable to download the artifact from any repository at org.apache.maven.artifact.manager.DefaultWagonManager.getArtifact(DefaultWagonManager.java:404) at org.apache.maven.artifact.resolver.DefaultArtifactResolver.resolve(DefaultArtifactResolver.java:216) ... 27 more

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  • WCF 405 Method Not Allowed Crazy Error Help!

    - by devmania
    hi, i am going crazy i have read like 10s of articles also on stackoverflow about that i am calling webservice in restful way and should enable this in service and in webconfig, so i did that but as soon as i add the [WebGet()] Attribute i get this crazy error if i remove it then the service get called seamlessly i am using VS 2010 RC 1 IIS 7 Windows 7 here is my code [ServiceContract(Namespace = "")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode =AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class Service2 { [OperationContract] [WebGet()] public List<Table1> GetCustomers(string numberToFetch) { using (DataClassesDataContext context = new DataClassesDataContext()) { return context.Table1s.Take(numberToFetch).ToList( ); } } } and my ASPX page Code <body xmlns:sys="javascript:Sys" xmlns:dataview="javascript:Sys.UI.DataView"> <div id="CustomerView" class="sys-template" sys:attach="dataview" dataview:autofetch="true" dataview:dataprovider="Service2.svc" dataview:fetchParameters="{{ {numberToFetch: 2} }}" dataview:fetchoperation="GetCustomers"> <ul> <li>{{name}}</li> </ul> </div> and my Web.config code <system.serviceModel> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="Service2AspNetAjaxBehavior"> <enableWebScript /> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> </behaviors> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" /> <services> <service name="Service2"> <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="Service2AspNetAjaxBehavior" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="Service2" /> </service> </services> </system.serviceModel> totally appreciate the help

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  • Cannot debug views in MVC2 project, getting "The resource cannot be found" error

    - by schefdev
    I'm running Visual Studio 2008 sp1 on Win7, with MVC2 RTM installed. I created a new MVC2 project using the wizard and am unable to debug specific pages. With webforms and even MVC1, I was able to sit on a View page, hit F5, and then have the integrated web server in VS2008 start on the page I was working on. Very handy for building up app logic. When I try this now I get a "The resource cannot be found" error page. I retried this just now with a stock new MVC2 Web Application project. Here are the steps I took after creating the new project to reproduce: Open up project settings. Under the Web subtab, set the Start Action to "Current Page". Leave all the other settings as is. Open one of the views up (e.g. Account/Register.aspx) Hit F5 to debug the project Note that the browser window which displays shows the error message "The resource cannot be found". The link I saw in my browser for this run was: http://localhost:49471/Views/Account/Register.aspx I did some googling and found suggestions related to ensuring all HTTP server pieces were installed. I double checked and made sure that "HTTP Errors" and "HTTP Redirection" were both installed. If I leave the project setting as it was originally, set to "Specific Page" with nothing in the text box, then routing works and I always get the default home page. I'm hoping this isn't the only option. Thanks!

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