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  • Object hierarchy returned by WCF Service is different than expected

    - by robalot
    Good Day Everyone... My understanding may be wrong, but I thought once you applied the correct attributes the DataContractSerializer would render fully-qualified instances back to the caller. The code runs and the objects return. But oddly enough, once I look at the returned objects I noticed the namespacing disappeared and the object-hierarchy being exposed through the (web applications) service reference seems to become "flat" (somehow). Now, I expect this from a web-service…but not through WFC. Of course, my understanding of what WFC can do may be wrong. ...please keep in mind I'm still experimenting with all this. So my questions are… Q: Can I do something within the WFC Service to force the namespacing to render through the (service reference) data client proxy? Q: Or perhaps, am I (merely) consuming the service incorrectly? Q: Is this even possible? The service code looks like… [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.PerSession)] public class DataService : IFishData { public C1FE GetC1FE(Int32 key) { //… more stuff here … } public Project GetProject(Int32 key) { //… more stuff here … } } [ServiceContract] [ServiceKnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.C1FE.New))] [ServiceKnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.Project.New))] public interface IFishData { [OperationContract] C1FE GetC1FE(Int32 key); [OperationContract] Project GetProject(Int32 key); } [DataContract] [KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState))] public class Project { [DataMember] public wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState ObjectState { get; set; } //… more stuff here … } [DataContract] KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState))] public class C1FE { [DataMember] public wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState ObjectState { get; set; } //… more stuff here … } [DataContract(Namespace = "wcfFISH.StateManagement")] [KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.C1FE.New))] [KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.Project.New))] public abstract class ObjectState { //… more stuff here … } [DataContract(Namespace = "wcfFISH.StateManagement.C1FE", Name="New")] [KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState))] public class New : ObjectState { //… more stuff here … } [DataContract(Namespace = "wcfFISH.StateManagement.Project", Name = "New")] [KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState))] public class New : ObjectState { //… more stuff here … } The web application code looks like… public partial class Fish_Invite : BaseForm { protected void btnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Project project = new Project(); project.Get(base.ProjectKey, base.AsOf); mappers.Project mapProject = new mappers.Project(); srFish.Project fishProject = new srFish.Project(); srFish.FishDataClient fishService = new srFish.FishDataClient(); mapProject.MapTo(project, fishProject); fishProject = fishService.AddProject(fishProject, IUser.UserName); project = null; } } In case I’m not being clear… The issue arises as there is a difference in (the name spacing) that I expect to see (returned) is different from what is actually returned. fishProject.ObjectState should look like... srFish.StateManagement.Project.New fishC1FE.ObjectState should look like... srFish.StateManagement.C1FE.New fishProject.ObjectState looks like... srFish.New1 fishC1FE.ObjectState looks like... srFish.New …“Help me Obi-Wan Kenobi, you’re my only hope!”

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  • Objective-C NSArray NEWBIE Question:

    - by clearbrian
    Hi I have a weird problems with NSArray where some of the members of the objects in my array are going out of scope but not the others: I have a simple object called Section. It has 3 members. @interface Section : NSObject { NSNumber *section_Id; NSNumber *routeId; NSString *startLocationName; } @property(nonatomic,retain) NSNumber *section_Id; @property(nonatomic,retain) NSNumber *routeId; @property(nonatomic,retain) NSString *startLocationName; @end @implementation Section @synthesize section_Id; @synthesize routeId; @synthesize startLocationName; //Some static finder methods to get list of Sections from the db + (NSMutableArray *) findAllSections:{ - (void)dealloc { [section_Id release]; [routeId release]; [startLocationName release]; [super dealloc]; } @end I fill it from a database in a method called findAllSection self.sections = [Section findAllSections]; In find all sections I create some local variables fill them with data from db. NSNumber *secId = [NSNumber numberWithInt:id_section]; NSNumber *rteId = [NSNumber numberWithInt:id_route]; NSString *startName = @""; Then create a new Section and store these local variable's data in the Section Section *section = [[Section alloc] init]; section.section_Id = secId; section.routeId = rteId; section.startLocationName = startName; Then I add the section to the array [sectionsArray addObject:section]; Then I clean up, releasing local variables and the section I added to the array [secId release]; [rteId release]; [startName release]; [locEnd_name release]; [section release]; In a loop repeat for all Sections (release local variables and section is done in every loop) The method returns and I check the array and all the Sections are there. I cant seem to dig further down to see the values of the Section objects in the array (is this possible) Later I try and retrieve one of the Sections I get it from the array Section * section = [self.sections objectAtIndex:row]; Then check the value NSLog(@" SECTION SELECTED:%@",section.section_Id); BUT call to section.section_Id crashed as section.section_Id is out of scope. I check the other members of this Section object and theyre ok. After some trial and error I find that by commenting out the release of the member variable the object is OK. //[secId release]; [rteId release]; [startName release]; [locEnd_name release]; [section release]; My questions are: Am I cleaning up ok? Should I release the object added to an array and the local variable in the function? Is my dealloc ok in Section? Does this code look ok and should I be looking elsewhere for the problem? I'm not doing anything complicated just filling array from DB use it in Table Cell. If its a stupid mistake then tell me (I did put NEWBIE on the question so dont be shocked it was asked) I can comment out the release but would prefer to know why or if code looks ok then ill need further digging. the only place that secId is released is in the dealloc. Thanks

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  • How to determine if two generic type values are equal?

    - by comecme
    I'm trying to figure out how I can successfully determine if two generic type values are equal to each other. Based on Mark Byers' answer on this question I would think I can just use value.Equals() where value is a generic type. My actual problem is in a LinkedList implementation, but the problem can be shown with this simpler example. class GenericOjbect<T> { public T Value { get; private set; } public GenericOjbect(T value) { Value = value; } public bool Equals(T value) { return (Value.Equals(value)); } } Now I define an instance of GenericObject<StringBuilder> containing new StringBuilder("StackOverflow"). I would expect to get true if I call Equals(new StringBuilder("StackOverflow") on this GenericObject instance, but I get false. A sample program showing this: using System; using System.Text; class Program { static void Main() { var sb1 = new StringBuilder("StackOverflow"); var sb2 = new StringBuilder("StackOverflow"); Console.WriteLine("StringBuilder compare"); Console.WriteLine("1. == " + (sb1 == sb2)); Console.WriteLine("2. Object.Equals " + (Object.Equals(sb1, sb2))); Console.WriteLine("3. this.Equals " + (sb1.Equals(sb2))); var go1 = new GenericOjbect<StringBuilder>(sb1); var go2 = new GenericOjbect<StringBuilder>(sb2); Console.WriteLine("\nGenericObject compare"); Console.WriteLine("1. == " + (go1 == go2)); Console.WriteLine("2. Object.Equals " + (Object.Equals(go1, go2))); Console.WriteLine("3. this.Equals " + (go1.Equals(go2))); Console.WriteLine("4. Value.Equals " + (go1.Value.Equals(go2.Value))); } } For the three methods of comparing two StringBuilder objects, only the StringBuilder.Equals instance method (the third line) returns true. This is what I expected. But when comparing the GenericObject objects, its Equals() method (the third line) returns false. Interestingly enough, the fourth compare method does return true. I'd think the third and fourth comparison are actually doing the same thing. I would have expected true. Because in the Equals() method of the GenericObject class, both value and Value are of type T which in this case is a StringBuilder. Based on Mark Byers' answer in this question, I would've expected the Value.Equals() method to be using the StringBuilder's Equals() method. And as I've shown, the StringBuilder's Equal() method does return true. I've even tried public bool Equals(T value) { return EqualityComparer<T>.Default.Equals(Value, value); } but that also returns false. So, two questions here: Why doesn't the code return true? How could I implement the Equals method so it does return true?

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  • Adding interactions to admin pages generated by the admin generator

    - by Stick it to THE MAN
    I am using Symfony 1.2.9 (with Propel ORM) to create a website. I have started using the admin generator to implement the admin functionality. I have come accross a slight 'problem' however. My models are related (e.g. one table may have several 1:N relations and N:N relations). I have not found a way to address this satisfactorily yet. As a tactical solution (for list views), I have decided to simply show the parent object, and then add interactions to show the related objects. I'll use a Blog model to illustrate this. Here are the relationships for a blog model: N:M relationship with Blogroll (models a blog roll) 1:N relationship with Blogpost (models a post submitted to a blog) I had originally intended on displaying the (paged) blogpost list for a blog,, when it was selected, using AJAX, but I am struggling enough with the admin generator as it is, so I have shelved that idea - unless someone is kind enough to shed some light on how to do this. Instead, what I am now doing (as a tactical/interim soln), is I have added interactions to the list view which allow a user to: View a list of the blog roll for the blog on that row View a list of the posts for the blog on that row Add a post for the blog on tha row In all of the above, I have written actions that will basically forward the request to the approriate action (admin generated). However, I need to pass some parameters (like the blog id etc), so that the correct blog roll or blog post list etc is returned. I am sure there is a better way of doing what I want to do, but in case there isn't here are my questions: How may I obtain the object that relates to a specific row (of the clicked link) in the list view (e.g. the blog object in this example) Once I have the object, I may choose to extract various fields: id etc. How can I pass these arguments to the admin generated action ? Regarding the second question, my guess is that this may be the way to do it (I may be wrong) public function executeMyAddedBlogRollInteractionLink(sfWebRequest $request) { // get the object *somehow* (I'm guessing this may work) $object = $this->getRoute()->getObject(); // retrieve the required parameters from the object, and build a query string $query_str=$object->getId(); //forward the request to the generated code (action to display blogroll list in this case) $this->forward('backendmodulename',"getblogrolllistaction?params=$query_string"); } This feels like a bit of a hack, but I'm not sure how else to go about it. I'm also not to keen on sending params (which may include user_id etc via a GET, even a POST is not that much safer, since it is fairly sraightforward to see what requests a browser is making). if there is a better way than what I suggest above to implement this kind of administration that is required for objects with 1 or more M:N relationships, I will be very glad to hear the "recommended" way of going about it. I remember reading about marking certain actions as internal. i.e. callable from only within the app. I wonder if that would be useful in this instance?

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  • Why is my code returning a Null Object Refrence error when using WatIn?

    - by Fuzz Evans
    I keep getting a Null Object Refrence Error, but can't tell why. I have a CSV file that contains 100 urls. The file is read into an array called "lines". public partial class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form { string[] lines; public Form1() ... private void ReadLinksIntoMemory() { //this reads the chosen csv file into our "lines" array //and splits on comma's and new lines to create new objects within the array using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(@"C:\temp.csv")) { //reads everything in our csv into 1 long line string fileContents = sr.ReadToEnd(); //splits the 1 long line read in into multiple objects of the lines array lines = fileContents.Split(new string[] { ",", Environment.NewLine }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); sr.Dispose(); } } The next part is where I get the null object error. When I try to use WatIn to go to the first item in the lines array it says I'm referencing a null object. private void GoToEditLinks() { for (int i = 0; i < lines.Length; i++) { //go to each link sequentially myIE.GoTo(lines[i].ToString()); //sleep so we can make sure the page loads System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000); } } When I debug the code it says that the GoTo request calls lines which is null. It seems like I need to declare the array, but don't I need to tell it an exact size to do that? Example: lines = new string[10] I thought I could use the lines.Length to tell it how big to make the array but that didn't work. What is weird to me is I can use the following code without problem: //returns the accurate number of urls that were in the CSV we read in earlier txtbx1.text = lines.Length; //or //this returns the last entry in the csv, as well as the last entry in the array TextBox2.Text = lines[lines.Length - 1]; I am confused why the array clearly has items in it, they can be called to fill a text box, but when I try to call them in my for loop it says its a null reference? UPDATE: By placing my cursor on both calls to lines and pressing f12 I find they both go to the same instance. The thought next is that I am not calling ReadLinksIntoMemory in time, below is my code: private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { button1.Enabled = false; ReadLinksIntoMemory(); GoToEditLinks(); button1.Enabled = true; } Unless I'm mistaken the code says that the ReadLinksIntoMemory method must complete before GoToEditLinks can be called? If ReadLinksIntoMemory didn't finish in time I shouldn't be able to fill my text boxes with the lines array length and/or last entry. UPDATE: Stepping into the method GoToEditLinks() I see that lines is null before it calls: myIE.GoTo(lines[i]); but when it hits the goto command the value changes from null to the url it is suppose to go to, but at that same time it gives me the null object error? UPDATE: I added a IsNullOrEmpty check method and lines array passes it without any issue. I'm beginning to think it is an issue with WatIn and the myIE.GoTo command. I think this is the stack trace/call stack? Program.exe!Program.Form1.GoToEditLinks() Line 284 C# Program.exe!Program.Form1.button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) Line 191 + 0x8 bytes C# [External Code] Program.exe!Program.Program.Main() Line 18 + 0x1d bytes C# [External Code]

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  • Linux C++: Linker is outputting strange errors

    - by knight666
    Alright, here is the output I get: arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ld --entry=main -dynamic-linker=/system/bin/linker -rpath-link=/home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib -L/home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib -nostdlib -lstdc++ -lm -lGLESv1_CM -rpath=/home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib -rpath=../../YoghurtGum/lib/Android -L./lib/Android intermediate/Alien.o intermediate/Bullet.o intermediate/Game.o intermediate/Player.o ../../YoghurtGum/bin/YoghurtGum.a -o bin/Galaxians.android intermediate/Game.o: In function `Galaxians::Init()': /media/YoghurtGum/Tests/Galaxians/src/Game.cpp:45: undefined reference to `__cxa_end_cleanup' /media/YoghurtGum/Tests/Galaxians/src/Game.cpp:44: undefined reference to `__cxa_end_cleanup' intermediate/Game.o:(.ARM.extab+0x18): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0' intermediate/Game.o: In function `Player::Update()': /media/YoghurtGum/Tests/Galaxians/src/Player.h:41: undefined reference to `__cxa_end_cleanup' intermediate/Game.o:(.ARM.extab.text._ZN6Player6UpdateEv[_ZN6Player6UpdateEv]+0x0): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0' intermediate/Game.o:(.rodata._ZTIN10YoghurtGum4GameE[_ZTIN10YoghurtGum4GameE]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__class_type_info' intermediate/Game.o:(.rodata._ZTI6Player[_ZTI6Player]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__si_class_type_info' intermediate/Game.o:(.rodata._ZTIN10YoghurtGum6EntityE[_ZTIN10YoghurtGum6EntityE]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__si_class_type_info' intermediate/Game.o:(.rodata._ZTIN10YoghurtGum6ObjectE[_ZTIN10YoghurtGum6ObjectE]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__class_type_info' intermediate/Game.o:(.rodata._ZTI6Bullet[_ZTI6Bullet]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__si_class_type_info' intermediate/Game.o:(.rodata._ZTI5Alien[_ZTI5Alien]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__si_class_type_info' intermediate/Game.o:(.rodata+0x20): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__si_class_type_info' ../../YoghurtGum/bin/YoghurtGum.a(Sprite.o):(.rodata._ZTIN10YoghurtGum16SpriteDataOpenGLE[_ZTIN10YoghurtGum16SpriteDataOpenGLE]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__si_class_type_info' ../../YoghurtGum/bin/YoghurtGum.a(Sprite.o):(.rodata._ZTIN10YoghurtGum10SpriteDataE[_ZTIN10YoghurtGum10SpriteDataE]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__class_type_info' make: *** [bin/Galaxians.android] Fout 1 Here's an error I managed to decipher: intermediate/Game.o: In function `Galaxians::Init()': /media/YoghurtGum/Tests/Galaxians/src/Game.cpp:45: undefined reference to `__cxa_end_cleanup' /media/YoghurtGum/Tests/Galaxians/src/Game.cpp:44: undefined reference to `__cxa_end_cleanup' This is line 43 through 45: Assets::AddSprite(new Sprite("media\\ViperMarkII.bmp"), "ship"); Assets::AddSprite(new Sprite("media\\alien.bmp"), "alien"); Assets::AddSprite(new Sprite("media\\bat_ball.bmp"), "bullet"); So, what seems funny to me is that the first new is fine (line 43), but the second one isn't. What could cause this? intermediate/Game.o: In function `Player::Update()': /media/YoghurtGum/Tests/Galaxians/src/Player.h:41: undefined reference to `__cxa_end_cleanup' Another issue with new: Engine::game->scene_current->AddObject(new Bullet(m_X + 10, m_Y)); I have no idea where to begin with the other issues. These are my makefiles, They're a giant mess because I'm just trying to get it to work. Static library: # ====================================== # # # # YoghurtGum static library # # # # ====================================== # include ../YoghurtGum.mk PROGS = bin/YoghurtGum.a SOURCES = $(wildcard src/*.cpp) #$(YG_PATH_LIB)/libGLESv1_CM.so \ #$(YG_PATH_LIB)/libEGL.so \ YG_LINK_OPTIONS = -shared YG_LIBRARIES = \ $(YG_PATH_LIB)/libc.a \ $(YG_PATH_LIB)/libc.so \ $(YG_PATH_LIB)/libstdc++.a \ $(YG_PATH_LIB)/libstdc++.so \ $(YG_PATH_LIB)/libm.a \ $(YG_PATH_LIB)/libm.so \ $(YG_PATH_LIB)/libui.so \ $(YG_PATH_LIB)/liblog.so \ $(YG_PATH_LIB)/libGLESv2.so \ $(YG_PATH_LIB)/libcutils.so \ YG_OBJECTS = $(patsubst src/%.cpp, $(YG_INT)/%.o, $(SOURCES)) YG_NDK_PATH_LIB = /home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib all: $(PROGS) rebuild: clean $(PROGS) # remove all .o objects from intermediate and all .android objects from bin clean: rm -f $(YG_INT)/*.o $(YG_BIN)/*.a copy: acpy ../$(PROGS) $(PROGS): $(YG_OBJECTS) $(YG_ARCHIVER) -vq $(PROGS) $(YG_NDK_PATH_LIB)/crtbegin_static.o $(YG_NDK_PATH_LIB)/crtend_android.o $^ && \ $(YG_ARCHIVER) -vr $(PROGS) $(YG_LIBRARIES) $(YG_OBJECTS): $(YG_INT)/%.o : $(YG_SRC)/%.cpp $(YG_COMPILER) $(YG_FLAGS) -I $(GLES_INCLUDES) -c $< -o $@ Test game project: # ====================================== # # # # Galaxians # # # # ====================================== # include ../../YoghurtGum.mk PROGS = bin/Galaxians.android YG_COMPILER = arm-none-linux-gnueabi-g++ YG_LINKER = arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ld YG_PATH_LIB = ./lib/Android YG_LIBRARIES = ../../YoghurtGum/bin/YoghurtGum.a YG_PROGS = bin/Galaxians.android GLES_INCLUDES = ../../YoghurtGum/src ANDROID_NDK_ROOT = /home/oem/android-ndk-r3 NDK_PLATFORM_VER = 5 YG_NDK_PATH_LIB = $(ANDROID_NDK_ROOT)/build/platforms/android-$(NDK_PLATFORM_VER)/arch-arm/usr/lib YG_LIBS = -nostdlib -lstdc++ -lm -lGLESv1_CM #YG_COMPILE_OPTIONS = -g -rdynamic -Wall -Werror -O2 -w YG_COMPILE_OPTIONS = -g -Wall -Werror -O2 -w YG_LINK_OPTIONS = --entry=main -dynamic-linker=/system/bin/linker -rpath-link=$(YG_NDK_PATH_LIB) -L$(YG_NDK_PATH_LIB) $(YG_LIBS) SOURCES = $(wildcard src/*.cpp) YG_OBJECTS = $(patsubst src/%.cpp, intermediate/%.o, $(SOURCES)) all: $(PROGS) rebuild: clean $(PROGS) clean: rm -f intermediate/*.o bin/*.android $(PROGS): $(YG_OBJECTS) $(YG_LINKER) $(YG_LINK_OPTIONS) -rpath=$(YG_NDK_PATH_LIB) -rpath=../../YoghurtGum/lib/Android -L$(YG_PATH_LIB) $^ $(YG_LIBRARIES) -o $@ $(YG_OBJECTS): intermediate/%.o : src/%.cpp $(YG_COMPILER) $(YG_COMPILE_OPTIONS) -I ../../YoghurtGum/src/GLES -I ../../YoghurtGum/src -c $< -o $@ Any help would be appreciated.

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  • Is it possible to embed Cockburn style textual UML Use Case content in the code base to improve code

    - by fooledbyprimes
    experimenting with Cockburn use cases in code I was writing some complicated UI code. I decided to employ Cockburn use cases with fish,kite,and sea levels (discussed by Martin Fowler in his book 'UML Distilled'). I wrapped Cockburn use cases in static C# objects so that I could test logical conditions against static constants which represented steps in a UI workflow. The idea was that you could read the code and know what it was doing because the wrapped objects and their public contants gave you ENGLISH use cases via namespaces. Also, I was going to use reflection to pump out error messages that included the described use cases. The idea is that the stack trace could include some UI use case steps IN ENGLISH.... It turned out to be a fun way to achieve a mini,psuedo light-weight Domain Language but without having to write a DSL compiler. So my question is whether or not this is a good way to do this? Has anyone out there ever done something similar? c# example snippets follow Assume we have some aspx page which has 3 user controls (with lots of clickable stuff). User must click on stuff in one particular user control (possibly making some kind of selection) and then the UI must visually cue the user that the selection was successful. Now, while that item is selected, the user must browse through a gridview to find an item within one of the other user controls and then select something. This sounds like an easy thing to manage but the code can get ugly. In my case, the user controls all sent event messages which were captured by the main page. This way, the page acted like a central processor of UI events and could keep track of what happens when the user is clicking around. So, in the main aspx page, we capture the first user control's event. using MyCompany.MyApp.Web.UseCases; protected void MyFirstUserControl_SomeUIWorkflowRequestCommingIn(object sender, EventArgs e) { // some code here to respond and make "state" changes or whatever // // blah blah blah // finally we have this (how did we know to call fish level method?? because we knew when we wrote the code to send the event in the user control) UpdateUserInterfaceOnFishLevelUseCaseGoalSuccess(FishLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkflow.SelectedItemForPurchase) } protected void UpdateUserInterfaceOnFishLevelGoalSuccess(FishLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkflow goal) { switch (goal) { case FishLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkflow.NewMasterItemSelected: //call some UI related methods here including methods for the other user controls if necessary.... break; case FishLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkFlow.DrillDownOnDetails: //call some UI related methods here including methods for the other user controls if necessary.... break; case FishLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkFlow.CancelMultiSelect: //call some UI related methods here including methods for the other user controls if necessary.... break; // more cases... } } } //also we have protected void UpdateUserInterfaceOnSeaLevelGoalSuccess(SeaLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkflow goal) { switch (goal) { case SeaLevel.CheckOutWorkflow.ChangedCreditCard: // do stuff // more cases... } } } So, in the MyCompany.MyApp.Web.UseCases namespace we might have code like this: class SeaLevel... class FishLevel... class KiteLevel... The workflow use cases embedded in the classes could be inner classes or static methods or enumerations or whatever gives you the cleanest namespace. I can't remember what I did originally but you get the picture.

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  • Model Object called in NSOutlineView DataSource Method Crashing App

    - by Alec Sloman
    I have a bewildering problem, hoping someone can assist: I have a model object, called Road. Here's the interface. @@@ @interface RoadModel : NSObject { NSString *_id; NSString *roadmapID; NSString *routeID; NSString *title; NSString *description; NSNumber *collapsed; NSNumber *isRoute; NSString *staff; NSNumber *start; NSArray *staffList; NSMutableArray *updates; NSMutableArray *uploads; NSMutableArray *subRoads; } @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *_id; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *roadmapID; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *routeID; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *title; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *description; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSNumber *collapsed; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSNumber *isRoute; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *staff; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSNumber *start; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSArray *staffList; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSMutableArray *updates; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSMutableArray *uploads; @property (nonatomic, copy) NSMutableArray *subRoads; - (id)initWithJSONObject:(NSDictionary *)JSONObject; @end This part is fine. To give you some background, I'm translating a bunch of JSON into a proper model object so it's easier to work with. Now, I'm trying to display this in an NSOutlineView. This is where the problem is. In particular, I have created the table and a datasource. - (id)initWithRoads:(NSArray *)roads { if (self = [super init]) root = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithArray:roads]; return self; } - (NSInteger)outlineView:(NSOutlineView *)outlineView numberOfChildrenOfItem:(id)item { if (item == nil) return root.count; return 0; } - (BOOL)outlineView:(NSOutlineView *)outlineView isItemExpandable:(id)item { return NO; } - (id)outlineView:(NSOutlineView *)outlineView child:(NSInteger)index ofItem:(id)item { if (item == nil) item = root; if (item == root) return [root objectAtIndex:index]; return nil; } - (id)outlineView:(NSOutlineView *)outlineView objectValueForTableColumn:(NSTableColumn *)tableColumn byItem:(id)item { return [item title]; } In the final datasource method, it attempts to return the "title" string property of the model object, but for some reason crashes each time. I have checked that the method is taking in the correct object (I checked [item class] description], and it is the right object), but for some reason if I call any of the objects accessors the app immediately crashes. This is totally puzzling because in the init method, I can iterate through root (an array of RoadModel objects), and print any of its properties without issue. It is only when I'm trying to access the properties in any of the datasource methods that this occurs. I wonder if there is something memory-wise that is going on behind the scenes and I am not providing for it. If you can shed some light on to this situation, it would be greatly appreciated! Thanks in advance!

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  • Help with 2-part question on ASP.NET MVC and Custom Security Design

    - by JustAProgrammer
    I'm using ASP.NET MVC and I am trying to separate a lot of my logic. Eventually, this application will be pretty big. It's basically a SaaS app that I need to allow for different kinds of clients to access. I have a two part question; the first deals with my general design and the second deals with how to utilize in ASP.NET MVC Primarily, there will initially be an ASP.NET MVC "client" front-end and there will be a set of web-services for third parties to interact with (perhaps mobile, etc). I realize I could have the ASP.NET MVC app interact just through the Web Service but I think that is unnecessary overhead. So, I am creating an API that will essentially be a DLL that the Web App and the Web Services will utilize. The API consists of the main set of business logic and Data Transfer Objects, etc. (So, this includes methods like CreateCustomer, EditProduct, etc for example) Also, my permissions requirements are a little complicated. I can't really use a straight Roles system as I need to have some fine-grained permissions (but all permissions are positive rights). So, I don't think I can really use the ASP.NET Roles/Membership system or if I can it seems like I'd be doing more work than rolling my own. I've used Membership before and for this one I think I'd rather roll my own. Both the Web App and Web Services will need to keep security as a concern. So, my design is kind of like this: Each method in the API will need to verify the security of the caller In the Web App, each "page" ("action" in MVC speak) will also check the user's permissions (So, don't present the user with the "Add Customer" button if the user does not have that right but also whenever the API receives AddCustomer(), check the security too) I think the Web Service really needs the checking in the DLL because it may not always be used in some kind of pre-authenticated context (like using Session/Cookies in a Web App); also having the security checks in the API means I don't really HAVE TO check it in other places if I'm on a mobile (say iPhone) and don't want to do all kinds of checking on the client However, in the Web App I think there will be some duplication of work since the Web App checks the user's security before presenting the user with options, which is ok, but I was thinking of a way to avoid this duplication by allowing the Web App to tell the API not check the security; while the Web Service would always want security to be verified Is this a good method? If not, what's better? If so, what's a good way of implementing this. I was thinking of doing this: In the API, I would have two functions for each action: // Here, "Credential" objects are just something I made up public void AddCustomer(string customerName, Credential credential , bool checkSecurity) { if(checkSecurity) { if(Has_Rights_To_Add_Customer(credential)) // made up for clarity { AddCustomer(customerName); } else // throw an exception or somehow present an error } else AddCustomer(customerName); } public void AddCustomer(string customerName) { // actual logic to add the customer into the DB or whatever // Would it be good for this method to verify that the caller is the Web App // through some method? } So, is this a good design or should I do something differently? My next question is that clearly it doesn't seem like I can really use [Authorize ...] for determining if a user has the permissions to do something. In fact, one action might depend on a variety of permissions and the View might hide or show certain options depending on the permission. What's the best way to do this? Should I have some kind of PermissionSet object that the user carries around throughout the Web App in Session or whatever and the MVC Action method would check if that user can use that Action and then the View will have some ViewData or whatever where it checks the various permissions to do Hide/Show?

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  • Need help with a possible memory management problem(leak) regarding NSMutableArray

    - by user309030
    Hi, I'm a beginner level programmer trying to make a game app for the iphone and I've encountered a possible issue with the memory management (exc_bad_access) of my program so far. I've searched and read dozens of articles regarding memory management (including apple's docs) but I still can't figure out what exactly is wrong with my codes. So I would really appreciate it if someone can help clear up the mess I made for myself. - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; self.gameState = gameStatePaused; fencePoleArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; fencePoleImageArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; fenceImageArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; mainField = CGRectMake(10, 35, 310, 340); .......... [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.05 target:self selector:@selector(gameLoop) userInfo:nil repeats:YES]; } So basically, the player touches the screen to set up the fences/poles -(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { if(.......) { ....... } else { UITouch *touch = [[event allTouches] anyObject]; currentTapLoc = [touch locationInView:touch.view]; NSLog(@"%i, %i", (int)currentTapLoc.x, (int)currentTapLoc.y); if(CGRectContainsPoint(mainField, currentTapLoc)) { if([self checkFence]) { onFencePole++; //this 3 set functions adds their respective objects into the 3 NSMutableArrays using addObject: [self setFencePole]; [self setFenceImage]; [self setFencePoleImage]; ....... } } else { ....... } } } } The setFence function (setFenceImage and setFencePoleImage is similar to this) -(void)setFencePole { Fence *fencePole; if (!elecFence) { fencePole = [[Fence alloc] initFence:onFencePole fenceType:1 fencePos:currentTapLoc]; } else { fencePole = [[Fence alloc] initFence:onFencePole fenceType:2 fencePos:currentTapLoc]; } [fencePoleArray addObject:fencePole]; [fencePole release]; and whenever I press a button in the game, endOpenState is called to clear away all the extra images(fence/poles) on the screen and also to remove all existing objects in the 3 NSMutableArray -(void)endOpenState { ........ int xMax = [fencePoleArray count]; int yMax = [fenceImageArray count]; for (int x = 0; x < xMax; x++) { [[fencePoleImageArray objectAtIndex:x] removeFromSuperview]; } for (int y = 0; y < yMax; y++) { [[fenceImageArray objectAtIndex:y] removeFromSuperview]; } [fencePoleArray removeAllObjects]; [fencePoleImageArray removeAllObjects]; [fenceImageArray removeAllObjects]; ........ } The crash happens here at the checkFence function. -(BOOL)checkFence { if (onFencePole == 0) { return YES; } else if (onFencePole >= 1 && onFencePole < currentMaxFencePole - 1) { CGPoint tempPoint1 = currentTapLoc; CGPoint tempPoint2 = [[fencePoleArray objectAtIndex:onFencePole-1] returnPos]; // the crash happens at this line if ([self checkDistance:tempPoint1 point2:tempPoint2]) { return YES; } else { return NO; } } else if (onFencePole == currentMaxFencePole - 1) { ...... } else { return NO; } } What I'm thinking of is that fencePoleArray got messed up when I used [fencePoleArray removeAllObjects] because it doesn't crash when I comment it out. It would really be great if someone can explain to me what went wrong. And thanks in advance.

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  • Java multiple class compositing and boiler plate reduction

    - by h2g2java
    We all know why Java does/should not have multiple inheritance. So this is not questioning about what has already been debated till-cows-come-home. This discusses what we would do when we wish to create a class that has the characteristics of two or more other classes. Probably, most of us would do this to "inherit" from three classes. For simplicity, I left out the constructor.: class Car extends Vehicle { final public Transport transport; final public Machine machine; } So that, Car class directly inherits methods and objects of Vehicle class, but would have to refer to transport and machine explicitly to refer to objects instantiated in Transport and Machine. Car car = new Car(); car.drive(); // from Vehicle car.transport.isAmphibious(); // from Transport car.machine.getCO2Footprint(); // from Machine I thought this was a good idea until when I encounter frameworks that require setter and getter methods. For example, the XML <Car amphibious='false' footPrint='1000' model='Fordstatic999'/> would look for the methods setAmphibious(..), setFootPrint(..) and setModel(..). Therefore, I have to project the methods from Transport and Machine classes class Car extends Vehicle { final public Transport transport; final public Machine machine; public void setAmphibious(boolean b){ this.transport.setAmphibious(b); } public void setFootPrint(String fp){ this.machine.setFootPrint(fp); } } This is OK, if there were just a few characteristics. Right now, I am trying to adapt all of SmartGWT into GWT UIBinder, especially those classes that are not a GWT widget. There are lots of characteristics to project. Wouldn't it be nice if there exists some form of annotation framework that is like this: class Car extends Vehicle @projects {Transport @projects{Machine @projects Guzzler}} { /* No need to explicitly instantiate Transport, Machine or Guzzler */ .... } Where, in case of common names of characteristics exist, the characteristics of Machine would take precedence Guzzler's, and Transport's would have precedence over Machine's, and Vehicle's would have precedence over Transport's. The annotation framework would then instantiate Transport, Machine and Guzzler as hidden members of Car and expand to break-out the protected/public characteristics, in the precedence dictated by the @project annotation sequence, into actual source code or into byte-code. Preferably into byte-code. So that the setFootPrint method is found in both Machine and Guzzler, only that of Machine's would be projected. Questions: Don't you think this is a good idea to have such a framework? Does such a framework already exist? Tell me where/what. Is there an eclipse plugin that does it? Is there a proposal or plan anywhere that you know about such an annotation framework? It would be wonderful too, if the annotation/plugin framework lets me specify that boolean, int, or whatever else needs to be converted from String and does the conversion/parsing for me too. Please advise, somebody. I hope wording of my question was clear enough. Thx. Edited: To avoid OO enthusiasts jumping to conclusion, I have renamed the title of this question.

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  • Hibernate many-to-many mapping not saved in pivot table

    - by vincent
    I having problems saving many to many relationships to a pivot table. The way the pojos are created is unfortunately a pretty long process which spans over a couple of different threads which work on the (to this point un-saved) object until it is finally persisted. I associate the related objects to one another right after they are created and when debugging I can see the List of related object populated with their respective objects. So basically all is fine to this point. When I persist the object everything get saved except the relations in the pivot table. mapping files: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.thebeansgroup.jwinston.plugin.orm.hibernate.object"> <class name="ShowObject" table="show_object"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native" /> </id> <property name="name" /> <set cascade="all" inverse="true" name="venues" table="venue_show"> <key column="show_id"/> <many-to-many class="VenueObject"/> </set> </class> </hibernate-mapping> and the other <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.thebeansgroup.jwinston.plugin.orm.hibernate.object"> <class name="VenueObject" table="venue_object"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="name"/> <property name="latitude" type="integer"/> <property name="longitude" type="integer"/> <set cascade="all" inverse="true" name="shows" table="venue_show"> <key column="venue_id"/> <many-to-many class="ShowObject"/> </set> </class> </hibernate-mapping> pojos: public class ShowObject extends OrmObject { private Long id; private String name; private Set venues; public ShowObject() { } public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Set getVenues() { return venues; } public void setVenues(Set venues) { this.venues = venues; } } and the other: public class VenueObject extends OrmObject { private Long id; private String name; private int latitude; private int longitude; private Set shows = new HashSet(); public VenueObject() { } @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public int getLatitude() { return latitude; } public void setLatitude(int latitude) { this.latitude = latitude; } public int getLongitude() { return longitude; } public void setLongitude(int longitude) { this.longitude = longitude; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Set getShows() { return shows; } public void setShows(Set shows) { this.shows = shows; } } Might the problem be related to the lack of annotations?

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  • Increasing speed of python code

    - by Curious2learn
    Hi, I have some python code that has many classes. I used cProfile to find that the total time to run the program is 68 seconds. I found that the following function in a class called Buyers takes about 60 seconds of those 68 seconds. I have to run the program about 100 times, so any increase in speed will help. Can you suggest ways to increase the speed by modifying the code? If you need more information that will help, please let me know. def qtyDemanded(self, timePd, priceVector): '''Returns quantity demanded in period timePd. In addition, also updates the list of customers and non-customers. Inputs: timePd and priceVector Output: count of people for whom priceVector[-1] < utility ''' ## Initialize count of customers to zero ## Set self.customers and self.nonCustomers to empty lists price = priceVector[-1] count = 0 self.customers = [] self.nonCustomers = [] for person in self.people: if person.utility >= price: person.customer = 1 self.customers.append(person) else: person.customer = 0 self.nonCustomers.append(person) return len(self.customers) self.people is a list of person objects. Each person has customer and utility as its attributes. EDIT - responsed added ------------------------------------- Thanks so much for the suggestions. Here is the response to some questions and suggestions people have kindly made. I have not tried them all, but will try others and write back later. (1) @amber - the function is accessed 80,000 times. (2) @gnibbler and others - self.people is a list of Person objects in memory. Not connected to a database. (3) @Hugh Bothwell cumtime taken by the original function - 60.8 s (accessed 80000 times) cumtime taken by the new function with local function aliases as suggested - 56.4 s (accessed 80000 times) (4) @rotoglup and @Martin Thomas I have not tried your solutions yet. I need to check the rest of the code to see the places where I use self.customers before I can make the change of not appending the customers to self.customers list. But I will try this and write back. (5) @TryPyPy - thanks for your kind offer to check the code. Let me first read a little on the suggestions you have made to see if those will be feasible to use. EDIT 2 Some suggested that since I am flagging the customers and noncustomers in the self.people, I should try without creating separate lists of self.customers and self.noncustomers using append. Instead, I should loop over the self.people to find the number of customers. I tried the following code and timed both functions below f_w_append and f_wo_append. I did find that the latter takes less time, but it is still 96% of the time taken by the former. That is, it is a very small increase in the speed. @TryPyPy - The following piece of code is complete enough to check the bottleneck function, in case your offer is still there to check it with other compilers. Thanks again to everyone who replied. import numpy class person(object): def __init__(self, util): self.utility = util self.customer = 0 class population(object): def __init__(self, numpeople): self.people = [] self.cus = [] self.noncus = [] numpy.random.seed(1) utils = numpy.random.uniform(0, 300, numpeople) for u in utils: per = person(u) self.people.append(per) popn = population(300) def f_w_append(): '''Function with append''' P = 75 cus = [] noncus = [] for per in popn.people: if per.utility >= P: per.customer = 1 cus.append(per) else: per.customer = 0 noncus.append(per) return len(cus) def f_wo_append(): '''Function without append''' P = 75 for per in popn.people: if per.utility >= P: per.customer = 1 else: per.customer = 0 numcustomers = 0 for per in popn.people: if per.customer == 1: numcustomers += 1 return numcustomers

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  • Optimizing Python code with many attribute and dictionary lookups

    - by gotgenes
    I have written a program in Python which spends a large amount of time looking up attributes of objects and values from dictionary keys. I would like to know if there's any way I can optimize these lookup times, potentially with a C extension, to reduce the time of execution, or if I need to simply re-implement the program in a compiled language. The program implements some algorithms using a graph. It runs prohibitively slowly on our data sets, so I profiled the code with cProfile using a reduced data set that could actually complete. The vast majority of the time is being burned in one function, and specifically in two statements, generator expressions, within the function: The generator expression at line 202 is neighbors_in_selected_nodes = (neighbor for neighbor in node_neighbors if neighbor in selected_nodes) and the generator expression at line 204 is neighbor_z_scores = (interaction_graph.node[neighbor]['weight'] for neighbor in neighbors_in_selected_nodes) The source code for this function of context provided below. selected_nodes is a set of nodes in the interaction_graph, which is a NetworkX Graph instance. node_neighbors is an iterator from Graph.neighbors_iter(). Graph itself uses dictionaries for storing nodes and edges. Its Graph.node attribute is a dictionary which stores nodes and their attributes (e.g., 'weight') in dictionaries belonging to each node. Each of these lookups should be amortized constant time (i.e., O(1)), however, I am still paying a large penalty for the lookups. Is there some way which I can speed up these lookups (e.g., by writing parts of this as a C extension), or do I need to move the program to a compiled language? Below is the full source code for the function that provides the context; the vast majority of execution time is spent within this function. def calculate_node_z_prime( node, interaction_graph, selected_nodes ): """Calculates a z'-score for a given node. The z'-score is based on the z-scores (weights) of the neighbors of the given node, and proportional to the z-score (weight) of the given node. Specifically, we find the maximum z-score of all neighbors of the given node that are also members of the given set of selected nodes, multiply this z-score by the z-score of the given node, and return this value as the z'-score for the given node. If the given node has no neighbors in the interaction graph, the z'-score is defined as zero. Returns the z'-score as zero or a positive floating point value. :Parameters: - `node`: the node for which to compute the z-prime score - `interaction_graph`: graph containing the gene-gene or gene product-gene product interactions - `selected_nodes`: a `set` of nodes fitting some criterion of interest (e.g., annotated with a term of interest) """ node_neighbors = interaction_graph.neighbors_iter(node) neighbors_in_selected_nodes = (neighbor for neighbor in node_neighbors if neighbor in selected_nodes) neighbor_z_scores = (interaction_graph.node[neighbor]['weight'] for neighbor in neighbors_in_selected_nodes) try: max_z_score = max(neighbor_z_scores) # max() throws a ValueError if its argument has no elements; in this # case, we need to set the max_z_score to zero except ValueError, e: # Check to make certain max() raised this error if 'max()' in e.args[0]: max_z_score = 0 else: raise e z_prime = interaction_graph.node[node]['weight'] * max_z_score return z_prime Here are the top couple of calls according to cProfiler, sorted by time. ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function) 156067701 352.313 0.000 642.072 0.000 bpln_contextual.py:204(<genexpr>) 156067701 289.759 0.000 289.759 0.000 bpln_contextual.py:202(<genexpr>) 13963893 174.047 0.000 816.119 0.000 {max} 13963885 69.804 0.000 936.754 0.000 bpln_contextual.py:171(calculate_node_z_prime) 7116883 61.982 0.000 61.982 0.000 {method 'update' of 'set' objects}

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  • WPF BackgroundWorker Execution

    - by Sanju
    Hi All, I've been programming C# for a while now (I'm a Computer Science major), and have never had to implement threading. I am currently building an application for a client that requires threading for a series of operations. Due to the nature of the client/provider agreement, I cannot release the source I am working with. The code that I have posted is in a general form. Pretty much the basic idea of what I am implementing, excluding the content specific source. The first Snippet demonstrates my basic structure, The Progress class is a custom progress window that is displayed as a dialog to prevent user UI interaction. I am currently using the code to complete database calls based on a collection of objects in another area of the application code. For example, I have a collection of "Objects" of one of my custom classes, that I perform these database calls on or on behalf of. My current set up works just fine when I call the "GeneralizedFunction" one and only one time. What I need to do is call this function once for every object in the collection. I was attempting to use a foreach loop to iterate through the collection, then I tried a for loop. For both loops, the result was the same. The Async operation performs exactly as desired for the first item in the collection. This, however, is the only one it works for. For each subsequent item, the progress box (my custom window) displays and immediately closes. In terms of the database calls, the calls for the first item in the collection are the only ones that successfully complete. All others aren't attempted. I've tried everything that I know and don't know to do, but I just cannot seem to get it to work. How can I get this to work for my entire collection? Any and all help is very greatly appreciated. Progress progress; BackgroundWorker worker; // Cancel the current process private void CancelProcess(object sender, EventArgs e) { worker.CancelAsync(); } // The main process ... "Generalized" private void GeneralizedFunction() { progress = new Progress(); progress.Cancel += CancelProcess; progress.Owner = this; Dispatcher pDispatcher = progress.Dispatcher; worker = new BackgroundWorker(); worker.WorkerSupportsCancellation = true; object[] workArgs = { arg1, arg2, arg3}; worker.DoWork += delegate(object s, DoWorkEventArgs args) { /* All main logic here */ foreach(Class ClassObject in ClassObjectCollection) { //Some more logic here UpdateProgressDelegate update = new UpdateProgressDelegate(updateProgress); pDispatcher.BeginInvoke(update, arg1,arg2,arg3); Thread.Sleep(1000); } }; worker.RunWorkerCompleted += delegate(object s, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs args) { progress.Close(); }; worker.RunWorkerAsync(workArgs); progress.ShowDialog(); } public delegate void UpdateProgressDelegate(arg1,arg2,arg3); private void updateProgress(arg1,arg2,arg3) { //Update progress }

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  • Session state provider and global.asax not interacting properly?

    - by yodaj007
    I'm experimenting with creating a crude, proof-of-concept session state store provider in ASP.Net. But I've got a problem and I'm not sure what to do about it. The website works properly when using the InProc provider. The Session_Start in global.asax is called on session creation as it should. But not if I implement my own provider. The Session_Start method from global.asax isn't being called at all if a new session is being created (that is, I delete the session state file). Am I missing something important here? public class TestSessionProvider : SessionStateStoreProviderBase { private const string ROOT = "c:\\projects\\sessions\\"; private const int TIMEOUT_MINUTES = 30; public string ApplicationName { get { return HostingEnvironment.ApplicationVirtualPath; } } private string GetFilename(string id) { string filename = String.Format("{0}_{1}.session", ApplicationName, id); char[] invalids = Path.GetInvalidPathChars(); for (int i = 0; i < invalids.Length; i++) { filename = filename.Replace(invalids[i], '_'); } return Path.Combine(ROOT, Path.GetFileName(filename)); } public override void Initialize(string name, NameValueCollection config) { if (config == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("config"); if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) name = "Sporkalicious"; base.Initialize(name, config); } public override SessionStateStoreData CreateNewStoreData(HttpContext context, int timeout) { SessionStateItemCollection items = new SessionStateItemCollection(); HttpStaticObjectsCollection objects = SessionStateUtility.GetSessionStaticObjects(context); return new SessionStateStoreData(items, objects, TIMEOUT_MINUTES); } /// <summary> /// The CreateUninitializedItem method is used with cookieless sessions when the regenerateExpiredSessionId /// attribute is set to true, which causes SessionStateModule to generate a new SessionID value when an /// expired session ID is encountered. /// </summary> /// <param name="context"></param> /// <param name="id"></param> /// <param name="timeout"></param> public override void CreateUninitializedItem(HttpContext context, string id, int timeout) { FileStream fs = File.Open(GetFilename(id), FileMode.CreateNew, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None); BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(fs); SessionStateItemCollection coll = new SessionStateItemCollection(); coll.Serialize(writer); fs.Flush(); fs.Close(); } public override SessionStateStoreData GetItem(HttpContext context, string id, out bool locked, out TimeSpan lockAge, out object lockId, out SessionStateActions actions) { return GetItemExclusive(context, id, out locked, out lockAge, out lockId, out actions); } public override SessionStateStoreData GetItemExclusive(HttpContext context, string id, out bool locked, out TimeSpan lockAge, out object lockId, out SessionStateActions actions) { locked = false; lockAge = TimeSpan.FromDays(1); lockId = 0; actions = SessionStateActions.None; if (!File.Exists(GetFilename(id))) { return null; } FileStream fs = File.Open(GetFilename(id), FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite, FileShare.Read); BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(fs); SessionStateItemCollection coll = SessionStateItemCollection.Deserialize(reader); fs.Close(); return new SessionStateStoreData(coll, new HttpStaticObjectsCollection(), TIMEOUT_MINUTES); } public override void ReleaseItemExclusive(HttpContext context, string id, object lockId) { } public override void RemoveItem(HttpContext context, string id, object lockId, SessionStateStoreData item) { File.Delete(GetFilename(id)); } public override void ResetItemTimeout(HttpContext context, string id) { } public override void SetAndReleaseItemExclusive(HttpContext context, string id, SessionStateStoreData item, object lockId, bool newItem) { if (!File.Exists(GetFilename(id))) { CreateUninitializedItem(context, id, 10); } FileStream fs = File.Open(GetFilename(id), FileMode.Truncate, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None); BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(fs); SessionStateItemCollection coll = (SessionStateItemCollection)item.Items; coll.Serialize(writer); fs.Flush(); fs.Close(); } public override bool SetItemExpireCallback(SessionStateItemExpireCallback expireCallback) { return false; } public override void InitializeRequest(HttpContext context){} public override void EndRequest(HttpContext context){} public override void Dispose(){} }

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  • No improvement in speed when using Ehcache with Hibernate

    - by paddydub
    I'm getting no improvement in speed when using Ehcache with Hibernate Here are the results I get when i run the test below. The test is reading 80 Stop objects and then the same 80 Stop objects again using the cache. On the second read it is hitting the cache, but there is no improvement in speed. Any idea's on what I'm doing wrong? Speed Test: First Read: Reading stops 1-80 : 288ms Second Read: Reading stops 1-80 : 275ms Cache Info: elementsInMemory: 79 elementsInMemoryStore: 79 elementsInDiskStore: 0 JunitCacheTest public class JunitCacheTest extends TestCase { static Cache stopCache; public void testCache() { ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-hibernate.xml"); StopDao stopDao = (StopDao) context.getBean("stopDao"); CacheManager manager = new CacheManager(); stopCache = (Cache) manager.getCache("ie.dataStructure.Stop.Stop"); //First Read for (int i=1; i<80;i++) { Stop toStop = stopDao.findById(i); } //Second Read for (int i=1; i<80;i++) { Stop toStop = stopDao.findById(i); } System.out.println("elementsInMemory " + stopCache.getSize()); System.out.println("elementsInMemoryStore " + stopCache.getMemoryStoreSize()); System.out.println("elementsInDiskStore " + stopCache.getDiskStoreSize()); } public static Cache getStopCache() { return stopCache; } } HibernateStopDao @Repository("stopDao") public class HibernateStopDao implements StopDao { private SessionFactory sessionFactory; @Transactional(readOnly = true) public Stop findById(int stopId) { Cache stopCache = JunitCacheTest.getStopCache(); Element cacheResult = stopCache.get(stopId); if (cacheResult != null){ return (Stop) cacheResult.getValue(); } else{ Stop result =(Stop) sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().get(Stop.class, stopId); Element element = new Element(result.getStopID(),result); stopCache.put(element); return result; } } } ehcache.xml <cache name="ie.dataStructure.Stop.Stop" maxElementsInMemory="1000" eternal="false" timeToIdleSeconds="5200" timeToLiveSeconds="5200" overflowToDisk="true"> </cache> stop.hbm.xml <class name="ie.dataStructure.Stop.Stop" table="stops" catalog="hibernate3" mutable="false" > <cache usage="read-only"/> <comment></comment> <id name="stopID" type="int"> <column name="STOPID" /> <generator class="assigned" /> </id> <property name="coordinateID" type="int"> <column name="COORDINATEID" not-null="true"> <comment></comment> </column> </property> <property name="routeID" type="int"> <column name="ROUTEID" not-null="true"> <comment></comment> </column> </property> </class> Stop public class Stop implements Comparable<Stop>, Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 7823769092342311103L; private Integer stopID; private int routeID; private int coordinateID; }

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  • Can't display Tool Tips in VC++6.0

    - by Paul
    I'm missing something fundamental, and probably both simple and obvious. My issue: I have a view (CPlaybackView, derived from CView). The view displays a bunch of objects derived from CRectTracker (CMpRectTracker). These objects each contain a floating point member. I want to display that floating point member when the mouse hovers over the CMpRectTracker. The handler method is never executed, although I can trace through OnIntitialUpdate, PreTranslateMessage, and OnMouseMove. This is in Visual C++ v. 6.0. Here's what I've done to try to accomplish this: 1. In the view's header file: public: BOOL OnToolTipNeedText(UINT id, NMHDR * pNMHDR, LRESULT * pResult); private: CToolTipCtrl m_ToolTip; CMpRectTracker *m_pCurrentRectTracker;//Derived from CRectTracker 2. In the view's implementation file: a. In Message Map: ON_NOTIFY_EX(TTN_NEEDTEXT,0,OnToolTipNeedText) b. In CPlaybackView::OnInitialUpdate: if (m_ToolTip.Create(this, TTS_ALWAYSTIP) && m_ToolTip.AddTool(this)) { m_ToolTip.SendMessage(TTM_SETMAXTIPWIDTH, 0, SHRT_MAX); m_ToolTip.SendMessage(TTM_SETDELAYTIME, TTDT_AUTOPOP, SHRT_MAX); m_ToolTip.SendMessage(TTM_SETDELAYTIME, TTDT_INITIAL, 200); m_ToolTip.SendMessage(TTM_SETDELAYTIME, TTDT_RESHOW, 200); } else { TRACE("Error in creating ToolTip"); } this->EnableToolTips(); c. In CPlaybackView::OnMouseMove: if (::IsWindow(m_ToolTip.m_hWnd)) { m_pCurrentRectTracker = NULL; m_ToolTip.Activate(FALSE); if(m_rtMilepostRect.HitTest(point) >= 0) { POSITION pos = pDoc->m_rtMilepostList.GetHeadPosition(); while(pos) { CMpRectTracker tracker = pDoc->m_rtMilepostList.GetNext(pos); if(tracker.HitTest(point) >= 0) { m_pCurrentRectTracker = &tracker; m_ToolTip.Activate(TRUE); break; } } } } d. In CPlaybackView::PreTranslateMessage: if (::IsWindow(m_ToolTip.m_hWnd) && pMsg->hwnd == m_hWnd) { switch(pMsg->message) { case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: case WM_MOUSEMOVE: case WM_LBUTTONUP: case WM_RBUTTONDOWN: case WM_MBUTTONDOWN: case WM_RBUTTONUP: case WM_MBUTTONUP: m_ToolTip.RelayEvent(pMsg); break; } } e. Finally, the handler method: BOOL CPlaybackView::OnToolTipNeedText(UINT id, NMHDR * pNMHDR, LRESULT * pResult) { BOOL bHandledNotify = FALSE; CPoint CursorPos; VERIFY(::GetCursorPos(&CursorPos)); ScreenToClient(&CursorPos); CRect ClientRect; GetClientRect(ClientRect); // Make certain that the cursor is in the client rect, because the // mainframe also wants these messages to provide tooltips for the // toolbar. if (ClientRect.PtInRect(CursorPos)) { TOOLTIPTEXT *pTTT = (TOOLTIPTEXT *)pNMHDR; CString str; str.Format("%f", m_pCurrentRectTracker->GetMilepost()); ASSERT(str.GetLength() < sizeof(pTTT->szText)); ::strcpy(pTTT->szText, str); bHandledNotify = TRUE; } return bHandledNotify; }

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  • Nhibernate Migration from 1.0.2.0 to 2.1.2 and many-to-one save problems

    - by Meska
    Hi, we have an old, big asp.net application with nhibernate, which we are extending and upgrading some parts of it. NHibernate that was used was pretty old ( 1.0.2.0), so we decided to upgrade to ( 2.1.2) for the new features. HBM files are generated through custom template with MyGeneration. Everything went quite smoothly, except for one thing. Lets say we have to objects Blog and Post. Blog can have many posts, so Post will have many-to-one relationship. Due to the way that this application operates, relationship is done not through primary keys, but through Blog.Reference column. Sample mapings and .cs files: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <id name="Id" column="Id" type="Guid"> <generator class="assigned"/> </id> <property column="Reference" type="Int32" name="Reference" not-null="true" /> <property column="Name" type="String" name="Name" length="250" /> </class> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <id name="Id" column="Id" type="Guid"> <generator class="assigned"/> </id> <property column="Reference" type="Int32" name="Reference" not-null="true" /> <property column="Name" type="String" name="Name" length="250" /> <many-to-one name="Blog" column="BlogId" class="SampleNamespace.BlogEntity,SampleNamespace" property-ref="Reference" /> </class> And class files class BlogEntity { public Guid Id { get; set; } public int Reference { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } } class PostEntity { public Guid Id { get; set; } public int Reference { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public BlogEntity Blog { get; set; } } Now lets say that i have a Blog with Id 1D270C7B-090D-47E2-8CC5-A3D145838D9C and with Reference 1 In old nhibernate such thing was possible: //this Blog already exists in database BlogEntity blog = new BlogEntity(); blog.Id = Guid.Empty; blog.Reference = 1; //Reference is unique, so we can distinguish Blog by this field blog.Name = "My blog"; //this is new Post, that we are trying to insert PostEntity post = new PostEntity(); post.Id = Guid.NewGuid(); post.Name = "New post"; post.Reference = 1234; post.Blog = blog; session.Save(post); However, in new version, i get an exception that cannot insert NULL into Post.BlogId. As i understand, in old version, for nhibernate it was enough to have Blog.Reference field, and it could retrieve entity by that field, and attach it to PostEntity, and when saving PostEntity, everything would work correctly. And as i understand, new NHibernate tries only to retrieve by Blog.Id. How to solve this? I cannot change DB design, nor can i assign an Id to BlogEntity, as objects are out of my control (they come prefilled as generic "ojbects" like this from external source)

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  • JPA2 adding referential contraint to table complicates criteria query with lazy fetch, need advice

    - by Quaternion
    Following is a lot of writing for what I feel is a pretty simple issue. Root of issue is my ignorance, not looking so much for code but advice. Table: Ininvhst (Inventory-schema inventory history) column ihtran (inventory history transfer code) using an old entity mapping I have: @Basic(optional = false) @Column(name = "IHTRAN") private String ihtran; ihtran is really a foreign key to table Intrnmst ("Inventory Transfer Master" which contains a list of "transfer codes"). This was not expressed in the database so placed a referential constraint on Ininvhst re-generating JPA2 entity classes produced: @JoinColumn(name = "IHTRAN", referencedColumnName = "TMCODE", nullable = false) @ManyToOne(optional = false) private Intrnmst intrnmst; Now previously I was using JPA2 to select the records/(Ininvhst entities) from the Ininvhst table where "ihtran" was one of a set of values. I used in.value() to do this... here is a snippet: cq = cb.createQuery(Ininvhst.class); ... In in = cb.in(transactionType); //Get in expression for transacton types for (String s : transactionTypes) { //has a value in = in.value(s);//check if the strings we are looking for exist in the transfer master } predicateList.add(in); My issue is that the Ininvhst used to contain a string called ihtran but now it contains Ininvhst... So I now need a path expression: this.predicateList = new ArrayList<Predicate>(); if (transactionTypes != null && transactionTypes.size() > 0) { //list of strings has some values Path<Intrnmst> intrnmst = root.get(Ininvhst_.intrnmst); //get transfermaster from Ininvhst Path<String> transactionType = intrnmst.get(Intrnmst_.tmcode); //get transaction types from transfer master In<String> in = cb.in(transactionType); //Get in expression for transacton types for (String s : transactionTypes) { //has a value in = in.value(s);//check if the strings we are looking for exist in the transfer master } predicateList.add(in); } Can I add ihtran back into the entity along with a join column that is both references "IHTRAN"? Or should I use a projection to somehow return Ininvhst along with the ihtran string which is now part of the Intrnmst entity. Or should I use a projection to return Ininvhst and somehow limit Intrnmst just just the ihtran string. Further information: I am using the resulting list of selected Ininvhst objects in a web application, the class which contains the list of Ininvhst objects is transformed into a json object. There are probably quite a few serialization methods that would navigate the object graph the problem is that my current fetch strategy is lazy so it hits the join entity (Intrnmst intrnmst) and there is no Entity Manager available at that point. At this point I have prevented the object from serializing the join column but now I am missing a critical piece of data. I think I've said too much but not knowing enough I don't know what you JPA experts need. What I would like is my original object to have both a string object and be able to join on the same column (ihtran) and have it as a string too, but if this isn't possible or advisable I want to hear what I should do and why. Pseudo code/English is more than fine.

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  • Problems with passing an anonymous temporary function-object to a templatized constructor.

    - by Akanksh
    I am trying to attach a function-object to be called on destruction of a templatized class. However, I can not seem to be able to pass the function-object as a temporary. The warning I get is (if the comment the line xi.data = 5;): warning C4930: 'X<T> xi2(writer (__cdecl *)(void))': prototyped function not called (was a variable definition intended?) with [ T=int ] and if I try to use the constructed object, I get a compilation error saying: error C2228: left of '.data' must have class/struct/union I apologize for the lengthy piece of code, but I think all the components need to be visible to assess the situation. template<typename T> struct Base { virtual void run( T& ){} virtual ~Base(){} }; template<typename T, typename D> struct Derived : public Base<T> { virtual void run( T& t ) { D d; d(t); } }; template<typename T> struct X { template<typename R> X(const R& r) { std::cout << "X(R)" << std::endl; ptr = new Derived<T,R>(); } X():ptr(0) { std::cout << "X()" << std::endl; } ~X() { if(ptr) { ptr->run(data); delete ptr; } else { std::cout << "no ptr" << std::endl; } } Base<T>* ptr; T data; }; struct writer { template<typename T> void operator()( const T& i ) { std::cout << "T : " << i << std::endl; } }; int main() { { writer w; X<int> xi2(w); //X<int> xi2(writer()); //This does not work! xi2.data = 15; } return 0; }; The reason I am trying this out is so that I can "somehow" attach function-objects types with the objects without keeping an instance of the function-object itself within the class. Thus when I create an object of class X, I do not have to keep an object of class writer within it, but only a pointer to Base<T> (I'm not sure if I need the <T> here, but for now its there). The problem is that I seem to have to create an object of writer and then pass it to the constructor of X rather than call it like X<int> xi(writer(); I might be missing something completely stupid and obvious here, any suggestions?

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  • Constructors taking references in C++

    - by sasquatch
    I'm trying to create constructor taking reference to an object. After creating object using reference I need to prints field values of both objects. Then I must delete first object, and once again show values of fields of both objects. My class Person looks like this : class Person { char* name; int age; public: Person(){ int size=0; cout << "Give length of char*" << endl; cin >> size; name = new char[size]; age = 0; } ~Person(){ cout << "Destroying resources" << endl; delete[] name; delete age; } void init(char* n, int a) { name = n; age = a; } }; Here's my implementation (with the use of function show() ). My professor said that if this task is written correctly it will return an error. #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Person { char* name; int age; public: Person(){ int size=0; cout << "Give length of char*" << endl; cin >> size; name = new char[size]; age = 0; } Person(const Person& p){ name = p.name; age = p.age; } ~Person(){ cout << "Destroying resources" << endl; delete[] name; delete age; } void init(char* n, int a) { name = n; age = a; } void show(char* n, int a){ cout << "Name: " << name << "," << "age: " << age << "," << endl; } }; int main(void) { Person *p = new Person; p->init("Mary", 25); p->show(); Person &p = pRef; pRef->name = "Tom"; pRef->age = 18; Person *p2 = new Person(pRef); p->show(); p2->show(); system("PAUSE"); return 0; }

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  • Calling Object Methods in Code

    - by Mister R2
    I'm a bit new to PHP, and I'm more experienced with strongly-typed languages such as JAVA, C# or C++.I'm currently writing a web tool in PHP, and I am having an issue trying to do what I want. The simple idea of what I want to do in code is run through some emails I used PHP-IMAP to get. I then create email objects (a class I defined), and put them in an array. Later on the code, however, I cycle through those emails to display them. However, as you might have guessed I'd have an issue with, I try to use an Email Class object method in that later loop -- and I'm pretty sure PHP doesn't know that the variables in the array happen to be Email Class objects! I wrote a toString method, and I want to call it in the loop. While I don't need to do this for the final version of this tool, I would like to find out what I'm missing. This is the class and the loop where I'm calling the method: include 'imap_email_interface.php'; class ImapEmail implements imap_email_interface { // Email data var $msgno; var $to; var $from; var $subject; var $body; var $attachment; // Email behavior /* PHP 4 ~ legacy constructor */ public function ImapEmail($message_number) { $this->__construct(); $this->msgno = $message_number; } /* PHP 5 Constructor */ public function __construct($message_number) { $this->msgno = $message_number; } public function send($send_to) { // Not Yet Needed! Seriously! } public function setHeaderDirectly($TO, $FROM, $SUBJECT) { $this->to = $TO; $this->from = $FROM; $this->subject = $SUBJECT; } public function setHeaderIndirectly($HEADER) { if (isset($HEADER->to[0]->personal)) $this->to = '"'.$HEADER->to[0]->personal.'", '.$HEADER->to[0]->mailbox.'@'.$HEADER->to[0]->host; else $this->to = $HEADER->to[0]->mailbox.'@'.$HEADER->to[0]->host; $this->from = '"'.$HEADER->from[0]->personal.'", '.$HEADER->from[0]->mailbox.'@'.$HEADER->from[0]->host; $this->subject = $HEADER->subject; } public function setBody($BODY) { $this->body = $BODY; } public function setAttachment($ATTCH) { $this->attachment = $ATTCH; } public function toString() { $str = '[TO]: ' . $this->to . '<br />' . '[FROM]: ' . $this->from . '<br />' . '[SUBJECT]: ' . $this->subject . '<br />'; $str .= '[Attachment]: '.$this->attachment.'<br />'; return $str; } } ?> The Loop: foreach ($orderFileEmails as $x) { $x->toString(); echo '<br /><br />'; } Any ideas?

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  • Create Views for object properties in model in MVC 3 application?

    - by Anders Svensson
    I have an Asp.Net MVC 3 application with a database "Consultants", accessed by EF. Now, the Consultant table in the db has a one-to-many relationship to several other tables for CV type information (work experience, etc). So a user should be able to fill in their name etc once, but should be able to add a number of "work experiences", and so on. But these foreign key tables are complex objects in the model, and when creating the Create View I only get the simple properties as editor fields. How do I go about designing the View or Views so that the complex objects can be filled in as well? I picture a View in my mind where the simple properties are simple fields, and then some sort of control where you can click "add work experience", and as many as needed would be added. But how would I do that and still utilize the model binding? In fact, I don't know how to go about it at all. (BTW, Program and Language stand for things like software experience in general, and natural language competence, not programming languages, in case you're wondering about the relationships there). Any ideas greatly appreciated! Here's the Create View created by the add View command by default: @{ ViewBag.Title = "Create"; } <h2>Create</h2> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> @using (Html.BeginForm()) { @Html.ValidationSummary(true) <fieldset> <legend>Consultant</legend> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.FirstName) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.FirstName) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.FirstName) </div> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.LastName) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.LastName) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.LastName) </div> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.UserName) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.UserName) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.UserName) </div> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Description) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Description) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Description) </div> <p> <input type="submit" value="Create" /> </p> </fieldset> } <div> @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index") </div> And here's the EF database diagram:

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  • C# Object Problem - Can't Solve It

    - by user612041
    I'm getting the error 'Object reference not set to an instance of an object'. I've tried looking at similar problems but genuinely cannot see what the problem is with my program. The line of code that I am having an error with is: labelQuestion.Text = table.Rows[0]["Question"].ToString(); Here is my code in its entirety: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Data.OleDb; using System.Data.Sql; using System.Data.SqlClient; namespace Quiz_Test { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } String chosenAnswer, correctAnswer; DataTable table; private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { //declare connection string using windows security string cnString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=C:\\Users\\Hannah\\Desktop\\QuizQuestions.accdb"; //declare Connection, command and other related objects OleDbConnection conGet = new OleDbConnection(cnString); OleDbCommand cmdGet = new OleDbCommand(); //try //{ //open connection conGet.Open(); //String correctAnswer; cmdGet.CommandType = CommandType.Text; cmdGet.Connection = conGet; cmdGet.CommandText = "SELECT * FROM QuizQuestions ORDER BY rnd()"; OleDbDataReader reader = cmdGet.ExecuteReader(); reader.Read(); labelQuestion.Text = table.Rows[0]["Question"].ToString(); radioButton1.Text = table.Rows[0]["Answer 1"].ToString(); radioButton2.Text = table.Rows[0]["Answer 2"].ToString(); radioButton3.Text = table.Rows[0]["Answer 3"].ToString(); radioButton4.Text = table.Rows[0]["Answer 4"].ToString(); correctAnswer = table.Rows[0]["Correct Answer"].ToString(); ; conGet.Close(); } private void btnSelect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { String cnString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=C:\\Users\\Hannah\\Desktop\\QuizQuestions.accdb"; //declare Connection, command and other related objects OleDbConnection conGet = new OleDbConnection(cnString); OleDbCommand cmdGet = new OleDbCommand(); //try { //open connection conGet.Open(); cmdGet.CommandType = CommandType.Text; cmdGet.Connection = conGet; cmdGet.CommandText = "SELECT * FROM QuizQuestions ORDER BY rnd()"; // select all columns in all rows OleDbDataReader reader = cmdGet.ExecuteReader(); reader.Read(); if (radioButton1.Checked) { chosenAnswer = reader["Answer 1"].ToString(); } else if (radioButton2.Checked) { chosenAnswer = reader["Answer 2"].ToString(); } else if (radioButton3.Checked) { chosenAnswer = reader["Answer 3"].ToString(); } else { chosenAnswer = reader["Answer 4"].ToString(); } if (chosenAnswer == reader["Correct Answer"].ToString()) { //chosenCorrectly++; MessageBox.Show("You have got this answer correct"); //label2.Text = "You have got " + chosenCorrectly + " answers correct"; } else { MessageBox.Show("That is not the correct answer"); } } } } } I realise the problem isn't too big but I can't see how my declaration timings are wrong

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