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  • Multiple levels of 'collection.defaultdict' in Python

    - by Morlock
    Thanks to some great folks on SO, I discovered the possibilities offered by collections.defaultdict, notably in readability and speed. I have put them to use with success. Now I would like to implement three levels of dictionaries, the two top ones being defaultdict and the lowest one being int. I don't find the appropriate way to do this. Here is my attempt: from collections import defaultdict d = defaultdict(defaultdict) a = [("key1", {"a1":22, "a2":33}), ("key2", {"a1":32, "a2":55}), ("key3", {"a1":43, "a2":44})] for i in a: d[i[0]] = i[1] Now this works, but the following, which is the desired behavior, doesn't: d["key4"]["a1"] + 1 I suspect that I should have declared somewhere that the second level defaultdict is of type int, but I didn't find where or how to do so. The reason I am using defaultdict in the first place is to avoid having to initialize the dictionary for each new key. Any more elegant suggestion? Thanks pythoneers!

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  • Flash: How to dispatch a click event at the top of a loaded .swf?

    - by Myk
    So I'm trying to build a tool that will allow me and other users to all open the same .swf, and then I as the Admin user am able to interact with mine while they all see my mouse movements and button clicks etc on theirs. I'm using BlazeDS to manage this and I'm getting data sent back and forth etc - no difficulties there. The issue I'm running into is this: In an "Admin" instance, I click a button. I capture that X and Y, then tell Blaze to tell my clients to dispatch a Click event at that X and Y. On my client side, I get that data and dispatch a Click event at that X and Y - but the click is actually caught at the stage level. The click on my client side takes place UNDER all of my buttons and other content - so the whole thing fails. Does this make sense? Is there a way to tell it to start the click event at the top?

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  • How should i draw text and shapes in wpf and C#?

    - by peterhu
    I want to do basic WPF graphics, i.e. rectangles, lines, circles and text. When should I use Drawing and when should I use a DrawingVisual? I have some code that uses Drawing and I render those to a DrawingImage and display that in an image control. Is this the right way? I could not see how to add text to a drawing. I had trouble positioning it too. Should I be rendering to a Canvas? I have some code that uses DrawingVisual and writes to a DrawingContext. That is like WinForms. Is this the recommended way? Do you have any high level advice on which APIs to use for basic graphics and labels? Will they options work on Silver Light and Desktop?

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  • Help me to choose the right platform for my Portal from .net, php, php based cms and .net based cms

    - by parveen-yadav
    hi I am planning to develop a site very similar to http://www.nextdaypets.com/ but with some more features...i have worked on JOOMLA n i know it pretty well. but there are few limitation like access level control and there is no component available for what i need. what i m confused about is that whether i should make that component in joomla or should i develop my own cms or should i take some .net based cms and write the component for it. I know C# and .net framework as a beginner. I just completed a certification course in .net last month and i don't know php but don't have issue in learning it...so what should i do...please suggest.

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  • SQL - Please Help - How can I select values from different rows depending on the most recent entry

    - by user321185
    Hiya, Basically I have a table which is used to hold employee work wear details. It is formed of the columns: EmployeeID, CostCentre, AssociateLevel, IssueDate, TrouserSize, TrouserLength, TopSize & ShoeSize. An employee can be assigned a pair of trousers, a top and shoes at the same time or only one or two pieces of clothing. As we all know sepeoples sizes and employee levels can change which is why I need help really. I need to be able to select the most recent clothes size and associate level for each item of clothing for each employee. So for example if employee '54664LSS' was given a pair of 'XL' trousers and a 'L' top on 24/03/11 but then received a 'M' top on 26/05/10. Then the values of the 'M' sized top and the 'L' sized trousers would need to be returned. Any help would be greatly appreciated as I'm pretty stuck :(. Thanks.

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  • Multiple Inheritance Debates II: according to Stroustrup

    - by asksuperuser
    I know very well about the traditional arguments about why Interface Inheritance is prefered to multiple inheritance, there has been already a post here : http://stackoverflow.com/questions/191691/should-c-include-multiple-inheritance But according to Stroustrup the real reason why Microsoft and Sun decided to get rid off multiple inheritance is that they have vested interest to do so: instead of putting features in the languages, they put in frameworks so that people then become tied to their platform instead of people having the same capability at a language standard level. What do you think ? Why Sun and Microsoft consider developers too immature to just make the choice themselves ?

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  • SQL Server GROUP BY troubles!

    - by Lucas311
    I'm getting a frustrating error in one of my SQL Server 2008 queries. It parses fine, but crashes when I try to execute. The error I get is the following: Msg 8120, Level 16, State 1, Line 4 Column 'customertraffic_return.company' is invalid in the select list because it is not contained in either an aggregate function or the GROUP BY clause. SELECT * FROM (SELECT ctr.sp_id AS spid, Substring(ctr.company, 1, 20) AS company, cci.email_address AS tech_email, CASE WHEN rating IS NULL THEN 'unknown' ELSE rating END AS rating FROM customer_contactinfo cci INNER JOIN customertraffic_return ctr ON ctr.sp_id = cci.sp_id WHERE cci.email_address <> '' AND cci.email_address NOT LIKE '%hotmail%' AND cci.email_address IS NOT NULL AND ( region LIKE 'Europe%' OR region LIKE 'Asia%' ) AND SERVICE IN ( '1', '2' ) AND ( rating IN ( 'Premiere', 'Standard', 'unknown' ) OR rating IS NULL ) AND msgcount >= 5000 GROUP BY ctr.sp_id, cci.email_address) AS a WHERE spid NOT IN (SELECT spid FROM customer_exclude) GROUP BY spid, tech_email

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  • Error becuase Virtual directory not being configured as an application in IIS

    - by Cipher
    Hi, I was trying to install a CMS in a folder in my website. After the installation on trying to run, it shows this error: Error 14 It is an error to use a section registered as allowDefinition='MachineToApplication' beyond application level. This error can be caused by a virtual directory not being configured as an application in IIS. E:\Users\Sarin\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\WebSites\WebAssist\blog\web.config 61 I added the webiste as a Virtual Directory and also converted that to application. On trying to browse this application, the following error occurs as shown in the screenshot: http://i.imgur.com/jcRJe.jpg How to make this work?

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  • Full automatic application trace for .net v4

    - by JL
    I would like to implement a way to trace every line of code in an application that is written for .net v4.0. An example would be. If I had the following function. private bool hasValue(string value) { if(string.isnullorempty(value) { return false; } else { return true; }} Then when the function is called I want detailed trace logs to contain something like this: Function called |Line 10 |Signature private bool hasValue(string value)|ValuesPassed hasValue("") Line Evaluated | Line 11 | if(string.isnullorempty(value) |ValuesPassed if(string.isnullorempty("") - evaluation returned true entered line 13 |signature return false|return action taken. This tracing can be done manually, but its a lot of work, and would dirty the code. Isn't there a way to get this level of tracing automatically with .net or 3rd party plugin? Thank you

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  • (Secure) alternative to TLS / SSLv3 ?

    - by CSkau
    Toying with an idea for a F2F networked application I've just been reading up on secure communication. I quickly settled with the idea of using TLS / SSL as the basis for any communication since it employs Public Key encryption at the protocol level and thus is perfect for my needs. However I was surprised to read (on wikipedia) that the newest version of TLS, SSLv3 uses a mix of MD5 and SHA-1 "because if any vulnerability was found in one of these algorithms the other would prevent it from compromising SSLv3". However, as I take it, lately both have been found flawed ! So my questions are thus: Does this not mean that SSLv3 is basically flawed, or am I not reading close enough ? And if so does a "secure" alternative to SSLv3 exist ?

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  • Multiple selection in a TreeView

    - by Frederick
    I am using a Windows Forms TreeView control in my program. I would like to allow the user to select multiple nodes at the same level by dragging their mouse pointer around (also called a "lasso" selection). I don't think a standard TreeView allows that. My question is what would be the best way to achieve this? Do I have to write custom selection behaviour of my own in perhaps a custom or derived control? Where do I start? I don't need a detailed explanation. Just a small nudge in the right direction.

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  • Hosted Continuous Application Monitoring Services

    - by Ian Silber
    Does anybody know of a good service or tool for continuos application monitoring? I'm looking specifically for something that is hosted, so we don't have to worry to much about the fact that the monitoring tool is actually running. Specifically, we have a few e-commerce customers that we would like to provide detailed monitoring services for. We don't want to simply monitor uptime, we'd like to go through the entire checkout process once a day or even more often to ensure everything's working (adding to cart, shipping calculations, payment processing, etc). We've tried site24x7.com but their recording tool just doesn't seem to offer the level of customization we need. Does anybody have any recommendations?

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  • ModX navigation menu with "wayfinder" snippet

    - by user1219432
    I have a main navigation at the top of the site. And a subnavigation at left of my site. For example: At the top there are these topics: Cars | Trees | Jobs | ... So when you click on "Jobs" there should be the subnavigation of "Jobs" at left, like... Construction Jobs Engineering Jobs Retail Jobs ... The first (top) navigation is easy to achieve: [[!Wayfinder? &startId=0 &level=1 ]] How can I realize the second navigation, so that only the documents are listed that are under the parent document?

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  • Can I bypass an intermediate object in hibernate

    - by Jherico
    I have top level entities TRACK, MEDIA_GROUP and MEDIA, each with an integer primary key. I also have a join table from TRACK to MEDIA_GROUP which is 1:1 and MEDIA has a FK column into MEDIA_GROUP. I'm trying to find a way in hibernate to map a collection of Media directly into the Track object, bypassing the creation of a MediaGroup object. Basically I want to turn this: TRACK <-> MEDIA_TRACK_MAP <-> MEDIA_GROUP <-> MEDIA into this: TRACK <-> MEDIA_TRACK_MAP <-> MEDIA But the join column between MEDIA_TRACK_MAP and MEDIA isn't the primary key of MEDIA.

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  • Is there an free (or cheap) issue tracking software that allow you hide some issues to some member g

    - by Andrea Francia
    I need a Issue Tracking System that allow me to share information on a selective manner. I would be able to define these groups: supplier (my company) subcontractors customer Then, I would be able to define three type of permissions for issues: Issue that can be viewed only by supplier Issue that can be viewed only by supplier and subcontractors Issue that can be viewed by all (supplier, subcontractors, customer) I tried redmine but I didn't find a way of hide some issues, they are always visible. There is an open issue and a patch for that but I not sure if it suit well for my situation. With this patch you need always to remember to make it private and there is only a level of permission: private or not. I need something more flexible. EDIT: I need a software that works on Fedora Linux.

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  • Refresh a GridView after some event on server

    - by Attilah
    I use a GridView to represent data from a table in my DB. the GridView has some template fields whose content are determined before displaying the Grid ( I use the RowDataBound event to determine content of template fields before displaying the GridView). The page displays a list of records from the table records and then, the recording process starts. after the process is over, the template fields should be updated. how do I automatically refresh the GridView after the process is finished ? it should be noted that the GridView is contained within an control and that I continuously poll the server using a Timer control that executes "GridView1.DataBind()" at the server level every 60 seconds. How can I solve this ?

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  • ASP.Net website makes browser load unwanted (non-referenced) plugins

    - by alec0001
    I've found that some of my ASP.Net web apps prompt the browser to load plugins that I'm not explicitely using and certainly haven't deliberately referenced in the project settings. Two that come to mind are for MS MediaPlayer and the "SVG Viewer for Netscape". The only commonality I've determined so far is that the two sites/apps affected both use Master pages (nested in some cases). We don't use SVG file types (just the normal mix of jpg/gif/png) and no video/audio (not yet anyway). Can anyone provide a hint as to where the references for these might be creeping in? e.g. Is it a server-level include? Or a .Net runtime default when using master pages? Does anyone else even experience this, or is it just me? No urgency, I'd just like to remove it if possible. Thanks. Al

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  • Third party lib to create jar files?

    - by Synesso
    I've Goog'd but I can't find any third party library that will let you create a jar file programmatically. I amazed that even Apache commons-io doesn't seem to have such functionality. I'd rather not implement it myself as the API is rather low level. Are there any 3rd party libraries out there that will do the job? Edit: I meant programmatically in Java. I don't want to drop out to the shell and I don't want to work with java.io.*.

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  • JPA: Database Generated columns

    - by jpanewbie
    Hello, I am facing an issue with Hiebrnate and JPA. My requirement is column CreatedDTTM and LastUPDATEDDTTM should be populated at the DB level. I have tried following but no use. My columns are set NOT NULL. I get a "cannot insert Null into LastUpdatedDttm" exception. Any guidance is appreciated. @Column(name="LAST_UPDATED_DTTM", insertable=false, updatable=false, columnDefinition="Date default SYSDATE") @org.hibernate.annotations.Generated(value=GenerationTime.INSERT) @Temporal(javax.persistence.TemporalType.DATE) private Date lastUpdDTTM; @Column(name="CREATED_DTTM”, insertable=false, updatable=false) @org.hibernate.annotations.Generated(value=GenerationTime.ALWAYS) @Temporal(javax.persistence.TemporalType.DATE) private Date createdDTTM;

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  • Casting complex class into a dataset?

    - by iTayb
    This is the class I'm trying to turn into a dataset: public class BookStore { private List<Book> booksList; } public class Book { private string name; private string imageurl; private string subject; private string author; private int level; private int year; private int rating; private List<string> booksellers; private List<decimal> bookprices; } There are proprieties, of course. How can I turn it into a dataset? Thank you very much.

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  • Best practices to test protected methods with PHPUnit

    - by GrGr
    Hello, I found the discussion on Do you test private method informative. I have decided, that in some classes, I want to have protected methods, but test them. Some of these methods are static and short. Because most of the public methods make use of them, I will probably be able to safely remove the tests later. But for starting with a TDD approach and avoid debugging, I really want to test them. I thought of the following: Method Object as adviced in an answer seems to be overkill for this. Start with public methods and when code coverage is given by higher level tests, turn them protected and remove the tests. Inherit a class with a testable interface making protected methods public Which is best practice? Is there anything else? It seems, that JUnit automatically changes protected methods to be public, but I did not have a deeper look at it. PHP does not allow this via reflection.

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  • Implementing an ActiveRecord before_find

    - by thaiyoshi
    I am building a search with the keywords cached in a table. Before a user-inputted keyword is looked up in the table, it is normalized. For example, some punctuation like '-' is removed and the casing is standardized. The normalized keyword is then used to find fetch the search results. I am currently handling the normalization in the controller with a before_filter. I was wondering if there was a way to do this in the model instead. Something conceptually like a "before_find" callback would work although that wouldn't make sense on for an instance level.

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  • Suggestions on including free database products to include in an application - SQL Server Express or

    - by superartsy
    I am working on an enterprise level product that is designed around SQL Server Express and specifically its features (views, concurrent users, stored procedures, CASE and IF statements). Though we don't use any advanced SQL Server features, the database size limit of 4GB in the Express edition may up being a limitation. A work-around is that customers can move to more full-featured versions of SQL Server. The problem is that SQL Server Express deployment is not easy, and the installer size is huge. This is a major drawback for someone looking to try our product. You don't want end-users to not buy a product because the download is huge. Does anyone have any recommendations of a database that has a smaller footprint but all the features of Express and which can be migrated to express?

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  • Global Import/using Aliasing in .NET

    - by Josh Stodola
    Using import aliasing in a single class, we can reference class library namespaces by assigning our own custom alias like this: ' VB Imports Db = Company.Lib.Data.Objects // C# using Db = Company.Lib.Data.Objects; And then we are able to reference the classes inside of Company.Lib.Data.Objects by using the Db alias that we assigned. Is it possible to do this at the global level so that the alias is applied to the entire solution instead of the given file? Currently, we are working with web applications, so I was hoping we could add something to web.config, but I am also interested in whether or not this is possible with windows forms, console apps, and/or class libraries.

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  • Is there a way to specify java annotations in antlr grammar files?

    - by Steve B.
    I'm looking for a way to include a few additional strings in output .java files generated from antlr. Is there a comprehensive listing of available directives? For example, given parser output like this: package com.foo.bar; //<-- this can be generated with @header { .... } //antlr generated import org.antlr.runtime.*; ... //<-- is there a way to generate anything here? public class MyParser { //<--- or here? public void f1(){ ... } } Is there a way to generate strings that appear after the import statements (e.g. class-level annotations) or possibly method annotations?

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