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• LDAP ACLs with ldapmodify & .ldif file grand user access only

  - by plaetzchen

  I want to change the settings my new LDAP server let only users of the server read entries and not anonymous. Currently my olcAccess looks like this: olcAccess: {0} to attrs=userPassword,shadowLastChange by self write by anonymous auth by dn="cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com" write by * none olcAccess: {1} to * by self write by dn="cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com" write by * read I tried to change it like so: olcAccess: {0}to attrs=userPassword,shadowLastChange by self write by anonymous auth by dn="cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com" write by * none olcAccess: {1} to * by self write by dn="cn=admin,dc=exampme,dc=com" write by users read But that gives me no access at all. Can someone help me on this? thanks UPDATE: This is the log read after the changes mentioned by userxxx Sep 30 10:47:21 j16354 slapd[11805]: conn=1437 fd=28 ACCEPT from IP=87.149.169.6:64121 (IP=0.0.0.0:389) Sep 30 10:47:21 j16354 slapd[11805]: conn=1437 op=0 do_bind: invalid dn (pbrechler) Sep 30 10:47:21 j16354 slapd[11805]: conn=1437 op=0 RESULT tag=97 err=34 text=invalid DN Sep 30 10:47:21 j16354 slapd[11805]: conn=1437 op=1 UNBIND Sep 30 10:47:21 j16354 slapd[11805]: conn=1437 fd=28 closed Sep 30 10:47:21 j16354 slapd[11805]: conn=1438 fd=28 ACCEPT from IP=87.149.169.6:64122 (IP=0.0.0.0:389) Sep 30 10:47:21 j16354 slapd[11805]: conn=1438 op=0 do_bind: invalid dn (pbrechler) Sep 30 10:47:21 j16354 slapd[11805]: conn=1438 op=0 RESULT tag=97 err=34 text=invalid DN Sep 30 10:47:21 j16354 slapd[11805]: conn=1438 op=1 UNBIND Sep 30 10:47:21 j16354 slapd[11805]: conn=1438 fd=28 closed pbrechler should be a valid user but has no system user (we don't need it) admin does't work also List item

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• NAT ports - how do they work?

  - by Davidoper

  I have the following network schema: Computer A: three nics: NIC 1 (eth0): dhcp, public internet NIC 2 (eth1): static 192.168.1.1, gateway for Computer B NIC 3 (eth2): static 192.168.2.1, gateway for Computer C Computer B: static 192.168.1.2, using gateway 192.168.1.1 (NIC 2). Computer C: static 192.168.2.2, using gateway 192.168.2.1 (NIC 3). So I applied this to get NAT working: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE Every computer can connect to the internet now. I have been applying rules to the main computer (Computer A), like dropping connections to some ports, e.g ssh: iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j DROP But for instance, now I would like only allow connections for ports 20,21,22,53 and 80 in Computer C, and ignore the outside traffic if it's not related to those ports. The allowed connections should be FROM Computer C to outside, but not from outside to Computer C (I mean - Computer C is not hosting any HTTP or SSH, but it is going to use them as a client). I guess this sould be done like this: iptables -A OUTPUT -i eth2 -o eth0 -p tcp --dport 21 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i eth2 -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 21 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT The last rule (dropping any other traffic different from those) is at the end of the configuration, so -A should be working correctly. The thing is... it is not working. If I put the last rule like this: iptables -A FORWARD -i eth2 -o eth0 -j DROP It just drops everything and, for instance, port 21 (previously opened as you can see above) is not either working. Can you tell me what could I have done wrong? I have been struggling with this problem for some time and I am unable to solve it. Thanks!

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• I am unable to run a client/server program in php

  - by sibi

  This is the program I am trying to run: $host = "127.0.0.1"; $port = 25003; // don't timeout! set_time_limit(0); // create socket $socket = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0) or die("Could not create socket\n"); // bind socket to port $result = socket_bind($socket, $host, $port) or die("Could not bind to socket\n"); // start listening for connections $result = socket_listen($socket, 3) or die("Could not set up socket listener\n"); // accept incoming connections // spawn another socket to handle communication $spawn = socket_accept($socket) or die("Could not accept incoming connection\n"); // read client input $input = socket_read($spawn, 1024) or die("Could not read input\n"); // clean up input string $input = trim($input); echo "Client Message : ".$input; // reverse client input and send back $output = strrev($input) . "\n"; socket_write($spawn, $output, strlen ($output)) or die("Could not write output\n"); // close sockets socket_close($spawn); socket_close($socket); I enabled the PHP_socket option in WAMP but still I keep getting errors like unable to bind. Can someone please help me out?

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• Mod disk_cache permanent caching images and disabling reacurring header updates

  - by user135532

  I am trying to get mod disk_cache to permantly cache images retrieved from an image server on the webserver using ProxyPass. While the image is being retrieved correctly from the server and is served from the cache on further requests, then I am still having the webserver call the image server and causing the cached header to be updated. Because of load concerns then I need to never call the image server on a specific url again after it has been cached once, or extend the refresh time for as long as possible. The webserver is IHS 7.0 The mod's are mod_disk_cache.so, mod_cache.so, mod_proxy.so Version 2.2.8.0 Following is from my httpd.conf: ProxyPass /webserver/media/images/ http://imageserver.com/ws/media/images/ # Caching pictures <IfModule mod_cache.c> <IfModule mod_disk_cache.c> CacheDefaultExpire 2628000 #CacheDisable CacheEnable disk /webserver/media/images/ CacheIgnoreCacheControl On CacheIgnoreHeaders Cookie Referer User-Agent X-Forwarded-For X-Forwarded-Host X-Forwarded-Server Accept-Language Accept Host CacheIgnoreNoLastMod On CacheIgnoreQueryString Off #CacheIgnoreURLSessionIdentifiers CacheLastModifiedFactor 10000000.1 #CacheLock on #CacheLockMaxAge 5 #CacheLockPath CacheMaxExpire 1576800 CacheStoreNoStore On CacheStorePrivate On CacheDirLength 2 CacheDirLevels 3 CacheMaxFileSize 1000000 CacheMinFileSize 1 CacheRoot c:/cacheroot2 </IfModule> </IfModule>

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• Iptables: "-p udp --state ESTABLISHED"

  - by chris_l

  Hi, let's look at these two iptables rules which are often used to allow outgoing DNS: iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp --sport 1024:65535 --dport 53 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp --sport 53 --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT My question is: How exactly should I understand the ESTABLISHED state in UDP? UDP is stateless. Here is my intuition - I'd like to know, if or where this is incorrect: The man page tells me this: state This module, when combined with connection tracking, allows access to the connection tracking state for this packet. --state ... So, iptables basically remembers the port number that was used for the outgoing packet (what else could it remember for a UDP packet?), and then allows the first incoming packet that is sent back within a short timeframe? An attacker would have to guess the port number (would that really be too hard?) About avoiding conflicts: The kernel keeps track of which ports are blocked (either by other services, or by previous outgoing UDP packets), so that these ports will not be used for new outgoing DNS packets within the timeframe? (What would happen, if I accidentally tried to start a service on that port within the timeframe - would that attempt be denied/blocked?) Please find all errors in the above text :-) Thanks, Chris

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• How can I add subdomains of default accepted domain of Exchange 2010

  - by Christoph

  I have an Exchange 2010 that has several accepted domains. Now I want this server to accept - besides the default SMTP domain - all subdomains of the default domain. The documentation in Technet states When you create an accepted domain, you can use a wildcard character (*) in the address space to indicate that all subdomains of the SMTP address space are also accepted by the Exchange organization. For example, to configure Contoso.com and all its subdomains as accepted domains, enter *.Contoso.com as the SMTP address space. It is, however not possible to add e. g. *.contoso.com if contoso.com is already configured. Exchange complains in this case that the domain is already configured. It is also not possible to edit the "value", i. e. the domain name of an accepted domain. I know that I cannot modify the default accepted domain, but changing it to another does not help either, because the domain name itself can never be edited. The last idea was deleting the accepted domain and re-creating it with "*." prepended. This is, however, also impossible because it is of course not possible to delete or modify the default address policy and if a domain name is used in an address template it cannot be removed from the accepted domains. The question is: How can I make my Exchange 2010 server accept any subdomain of its default accepted domain with a wildcard?

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• How can I configure apache to cache the images that it is serving? Right now it is giving headers t

  - by Tchalvak

  Serving up images that don't seem to cache There's a LAPP (postgresql instead of mysql) running over on http://ninjawars.net. I just recently noticed that images don't seem to be caching with any kind of good frequency as I was reloading a page with a few images on it here: http://www.ninjawars.net/attack_player.php Here is an example image (they're probably all being served exactly the same): http://www.ninjawars.net/images/characters/fighter.png Checking the header, it seems that the caching is set to: Cache-Control:max-age=0 (the full header for this image-like-all-the-others is... Request URL:http://www.ninjawars.net/images/characters/fighter.png Request Method:GET Status Code:200 OK Request Headers Accept:application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,/;q=0.5 Cache-Control:max-age=0 Referer:http://www.ninjawars.net/images/characters/fighter.png User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/5.0.375.3 Safari/533.4 Response Headers Accept-Ranges:bytes Content-Length:938 Content-Type:image/png Date:Thu, 13 May 2010 21:24:07 GMT ETag:"ffd4d-3aa-4837efc120540" Last-Modified:Mon, 05 Apr 2010 15:28:45 GMT Server:Apache ) So what modules or config or htaccess or whatever do I change to have it cache images, e.g. for 24 hours?

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• Can I use IIS to do ActiveDirectory single-sign-on for another website?

  - by brofield

  I'm trying to add Active Directory single-sign-on support to an existing SOAP server. The server can be configured to accept a trusted reverse-proxy and use the X-Remote-User HTTP header for the authenticated user. I want to configure IIS to be the trusted proxy for this service, so that it handles all of the Active Directory authentication for the SOAP server. Basically IIS would have to accept HTTP connections on port X and URL Y, do all the authentication, and then proxy the connection to a different server (most likely the same X and Y). Unfortunately, I have no knowledge of IIS or AD (so I am trying my best to learn enough to build this solution) so please be gentle. I would assume that this is not an uncommon scenario, so is there some easy way to do this? Is this sort of functionality built into IIS or do I need to build some sort of IIS proxy program myself? Is there a better option for getting the authentication done and the X-Remote-User HTTP header set than requiring IIS? Update: For example, what I am trying to create is: [CLIENT] [IIS] [AD] [SOAP-SERVER] 1. |---------------->| 2. |<--------------->|<---------->| 3. |--------------------------->| 4. |<---------------------------| 5. |<----------------| 1. POST to http://example.com/foo/bar.cgi 2. Client is not authenticated, so do authentication 3. Once validated, send request to server (X-Remote-User: {userid}) 4. Process request, send response 5. Forward response to client I need to know how to configure IIS to do the automatic authentication of the user using AD, and then to proxy the request to the actual server, sending the userid in the X-Remote-User HTTP header.

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• HAproxy with MySQL Master-Master Replication incredibly slow

  - by Yayap

  I have two MySQL servers in multi-master mode, with an HAproxy machine for simple load balancing/redundancy. When I am connected to one of the servers directly and try to update about 100,000 entries, it is completed including replication in about half a minute. When connecting through the proxy it takes usually over three whole minutes. Is it normal to have that type of latency? Is something amiss with my proxy configuration (included below)? This is getting really frustrating as I assumed the proxy would do some sort of load balancing, or at least have little to no overhead. #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # Example configuration for a possible web application. See the # full configuration options online. # # http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/doc/configuration.txt # #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # Global settings #--------------------------------------------------------------------- global # to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will # need to: # # 1) configure syslog to accept network log events. This is done # by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in # /etc/sysconfig/syslog # # 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log # file. A line like the following can be added to # /etc/sysconfig/syslog # # local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log # log 127.0.0.1 local2 # chroot /var/lib/haproxy # pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid maxconn 4096 user haproxy group haproxy daemon #debug #quiet # turn on stats unix socket stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will # use if not designated in their block #--------------------------------------------------------------------- defaults mode tcp log global #option tcplog option dontlognull option tcp-smart-accept option tcp-smart-connect #option http-server-close #option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8 #option redispatch retries 3 #timeout http-request 10s #timeout queue 1m timeout connect 400 timeout client 500 timeout server 300 #timeout http-keep-alive 10s #timeout check 10s maxconn 2000 listen mysql-cluster 0.0.0.0:3306 mode tcp balance roundrobin option tcpka option httpchk server db01 192.168.15.118:3306 weight 1 inter 1s rise 1 fall 1 server db02 192.168.15.119:3306 weight 1 inter 1s rise 1 fall 1

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• OpenWRT + OpenVPN client forwarding from lan to vpn not working

  - by Dariusz Górecki

  I've OpenWRT router with Backfire 10.03.1-rc3 (arch:brcm 2.6 kernel) I've set up an OpenVPN client connecting my router with workplace lan, and it works nicely, I can connect from router to networks (several) in workplace. My OpenVPN client uci-config looks like: config 'openvpn' 'stream_client' option 'nobind' '1' option 'float' '1' option 'client' '1' option 'reneg_sec' '0' option 'management' '127.0.0.1 31194' option 'explicit_exit_notify' '1' option 'verb' '3' option 'persist_tun' '1' option 'persist_key' '1' list 'remote' 'remote.address.cutted' option 'ca' '/lib/uci/upload/cbid.openvpn.stream_client.ca' option 'key' '/lib/uci/upload/cbid.openvpn.stream_client.key' option 'cert' '/lib/uci/upload/cbid.openvpn.stream_client.cert' option 'enable' '1' option 'dev' 'tun1' I've set the 'STREAM_VPN' Zone to allow in/out traffic, and I've added rules for zone-to-zone lan<-vpn and vpn<-lan config 'zone' option 'name' 'stream_vpn' option 'network' 'stream_vpn' option 'input' 'ACCEPT' option 'output' 'ACCEPT' option 'forward' 'REJECT' config 'forwarding' option 'src' 'lan' option 'dest' 'stream_vpn' config 'forwarding' option 'src' 'stream_vpn' option 'dest' 'lan' And interface config: config 'interface' 'stream_vpn' option 'proto' 'none' option 'ifname' 'tun1' option 'defaultroute' '0' option 'peerdns' '0' Now, from my router everything works nicely, the problem is that I cannot connect from computer inside a lan to hosts in networks provided by vpn connection :/ What I've missed, or what I'm doing wrong? And how can I force using specified DNS when connected to vpn? (I know that sever should use PUSH DNS option, but is PUSHes only routes)

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• How to Enable IPtables TRACE Target on Debian Squeeze (6)

  - by bernie

  I am trying to use the TRACE target of IPtables but I can't seem to get any trace information logged. I want to use what is described here: Debugger for Iptables. From the iptables man for TRACE: This target marks packes so that the kernel will log every rule which match the packets as those traverse the tables, chains, rules. (The ipt_LOG or ip6t_LOG module is required for the logging.) The packets are logged with the string prefix: "TRACE: tablename:chain- name:type:rulenum " where type can be "rule" for plain rule, "return" for implicit rule at the end of a user defined chain and "policy" for the policy of the built in chains. It can only be used in the raw table. I use the following rule: iptables -A PREROUTING -t raw -p tcp -j TRACE but nothing is appended either in /var/log/syslog or /var/log/kern.log! Is there another step missing? Am I looking in the wrong place? edit Even though I can't find log entries, the TRACE target seems to be set up correctly since the packet counters get incremented: # iptables -L -v -t raw Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 193 packets, 63701 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 193 63701 TRACE tcp -- any any anywhere anywhere Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 178 packets, 65277 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination edit 2 The rule iptables -A PREROUTING -t raw -p tcp -j LOG does print packet information to /var/log/syslog... Why doesn't TRACE work?

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• Enabling NAT forwarding using a second WAN interface and a second gateway on ubuntu

  - by nixnotwin

  I have 3 interfaces: eth0 192.168.0.50/24 eth1 10.0.0.200/24 eth2 225.228.123.211 The default gateway is 192.168.0.1 which I want to keep as it is in the changes I want to make. I want to masquerade eth1 10.0.0.200/24 and enable NAT forwarding to eth2. So I have done this: ip route add 225.228.123.208/29 dev eth2 src 225.228.123.211 table t1 ip route add default via 225.228.123.209 dev eth2 table t1 ip rule add from 225.228.123.211 table t1 ip rule add to 225.228.123.211 table t1 Now I can receive ping replies from any internet host if I did: ping -I eth2 8.8.8.8 To enable NAT forwarding I did this: sudo iptables -A FORWARD -o eth2 -i eth1 -s 10.0.0.0/24 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE But it isn't working. To test I used a client pc and put it on 10.0.0.0/24 network and gateway was set as 10.0.0.200. I want to have 192.168.0.1 as default gateway. And the traffic that comes in via eth1 10.0.0.200/24 should be forwarded to eth2 225.228.123.211. I have enabled forwarding on ubuntua also.

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• Internet explorer rejects cookies in kerberos protected intranet sites

  - by remix_tj

  I'm trying to build an intranet site using joomla. The webserver is using HTTP Kerberos authentication with mod_kerb_auth. Everything works fine, the users get authenticated and so on. But if i try to login to the administrator panel i can't because IE does not accept the needed cookies. No such problem with firefox. The intranet site is called "intranet_new" and is hosted by webintranet04, under the directory /var/www/vhosts/joomla/intranet_new/. I have my virtualhost for intranet_new containing this: <Location /> AuthType Kerberos AuthName "Kerberos Login" KrbMethodNegotiate On KrbMethodK5Passwd On KrbAuthRealms PROV.TV.LOCAL Krb5KeyTab /etc/apache2/HTTP.keytab require valid-user </Location> The same is for webintranet04 virtualhost, which is the default pointing to /var/www and contains: <Location /vhosts/joomla/> AuthType Kerberos AuthName "Kerberos Login" KrbMethodNegotiate On KrbMethodK5Passwd On KrbAuthRealms PROV.TV.LOCAL Krb5KeyTab /etc/apache2/HTTP.keytab require valid-user </Location> the very strange problem i have is that if i open http:// webintranet04/vhosts/joomla/intranet_new/administrator IE allows me to login, accepting cookie. If i open http:// intranet_new/administrator, instead, i loop on the login page. Last, intranet_new is a CNAME record of webintranet04. This is only an IE problem. I need: - the admin interface to work with IE - the "kerberized" zone to accept cookie, because i am deploying other programs requiring cookies.

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• Running HTTP and HTTPS connections for a single domain (say, www.example.com) through a Cisco ACE SS

  - by Paddu

  My web application config has a Cisco ACE load balancing across a server farm and I want to use the ACE as an SSL endpoint as well. To make this work, the network architect has come up with a design where all secure pages have to be served from secure.my-domain.com, while non-secure pages are served up from www.my-domain.com. The reason for this is apparently that the configuring the Cisco ACE to accept HTTPS requests on port 443 for a particular public IP prevents the simultaneous acceptance of HTTP requests on port 80 for the same IP. While I'm not a networking (or Cisco) expert, this seems to be intuitively wrong, as it would prevent any website using the Cisco ACE to serve pages on http://www.my-domain.com and https://www.my-domain.com simultaneously. In this situation, my questions are: Is this truly a limitation of the Cisco ACE when used as an SSL endpoint? If not, then can I assume that we can set up the ACE to accept connections for a particular IP on ports 80 and 443, and function as an SSL endpoint for the incoming requests on 443? Links to appropriate documentation most welcome here. Assuming the setup in the previous question, can I then redirect both sets of requests to the same server farm on the same port?

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• iptables to block non-VPN-traffic if not through tun0

  - by dacrow

  I have a dedicated Webserver running Debian 6 and some Apache, Tomcat, Asterisk and Mail-stuff. Now we needed to add VPN support for a special program. We installed OpenVPN and registered with a VPN provider. The connection works well and we have a virtual tun0 interface for tunneling. To archive the goal for only tunneling a single program through VPN, we start the program with sudo -u username -g groupname command and added a iptables rule to mark all traffic coming from groupname iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -m owner --gid-owner groupname -j MARK --set-mark 42 Afterwards we tell iptables to to some SNAT and tell ip route to use special routing table for marked traffic packets. Problem: if the VPN failes, there is a chance that the special to-be-tunneled program communicates over the normal eth0 interface. Desired solution: All marked traffic should not be allowed to go directly through eth0, it has to go through tun0 first. I tried the following commands which didn't work: iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --gid-owner groupname ! -o tun0 -j REJECT iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --gid-owner groupname -o eth0 -j REJECT It might be the problem, that the above iptable-rules didn't work due to the fact, that the packets are first marked, then put into tun0 and then transmitted by eth0 while they are still marked.. I don't know how to de-mark them after in tun0 or to tell iptables, that all marked packet may pass eth0, if they where in tun0 before or if they going to the gateway of my VPN provider. Does someone has any idea to a solution? Some config infos: iptables -nL -v --line-numbers -t mangle Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 11M packets, 9798M bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 591K 50M MARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 owner GID match 1005 MARK set 0x2a 2 82812 6938K CONNMARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 owner GID match 1005 CONNMARK save iptables -nL -v --line-numbers -t nat Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 393 packets, 23908 bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 15 1052 SNAT all -- * tun0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 mark match 0x2a to:VPN_IP ip rule add from all fwmark 42 lookup 42 ip route show table 42 default via VPN_IP dev tun0

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• Routing table on Linux not respected

  - by MRHaarmann

  I have a very specific problem, building a Linux VPN endpoint (with external VPN Gateway), which should route certain networks over the tunnel, others via default gateway. The Linux VPN should do a NAT on the outgoing connections for the VPN peers. Setup is as following: Internet gateway LAN 192.168.25.1/24 VPN Gateway LAN 10.45.99.2/24 (VPN tunnel 10.45.99.1 to net 87.115.17.40/29, separate connection to Internet) Linux VPN Router eth0 192.168.25.71/24 eth0:503 10.45.99.1/24 Default 192.168.25.1 route to 87.115.17.40/29 via 10.45.99.2 (send_redirects disabled, ip_forward enabled) Linux clients (multiple): eth0 192.168.25.x/24 Default 192.168.25.1 route to 87.115.17.40/29 via 192.168.25.71 Ping to the machines via tunnel from the VPN Router is working. Now I want to establish a routing from my clients over the VPN gateway and the client packet gets routed to 192.168.25.1 ! traceroute output shows the packets get routed to 192.168.25.71, but then to 192.168.25.1. So the route is not respected in forward ! IPTables and Routing: ip route show 87.115.17.40/29 via 10.45.99.2 dev eth0 10.45.99.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 10.45.99.1 192.168.25.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.25.71 default via 192.168.25.1 dev eth0 iptables -A INPUT -i eth0:503 -j REJECT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0:503 -j MASQUERADE iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0:503 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -s 192.168.25.0/24 -o eth0:503 -j ACCEPT So what is wrong with my setup ? The route is chosen correctly from localhost, but all the clients get forwarded to the Internet GW. thanks for helping, Marcus

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• How to reject messages to unknown user in sendmail cooperating with MS-Exchange?

  - by user71061

  Hi! I have an MS Exchange 2003 configured as a mail server for an organization. As this server is located in this organization internal network and I don't want to expose it directly over internet, I have second server - linux box with sendmail - configured as intelligent relay (it accept all messages from internet addressed to @my_domain, and forward it to internal Exchange serwer, and accepts all messages from this internal Exchange server and forward it over internet). This configuration work's fine, but I want to eliminate messages addressed to not exiting users as early as possible. Good solution could be Enabling on Exchange server function of filtering recipients together with "tar pitting", but in my case this dosn't solve problem, because before any message reach my Exchange server (which could eventually reject it), it has to be already accepted by sendmail server, sitting in front of this Exchange server. So, I want to configure my sendmail server in such a way, that during initial SMTP conversation it could query somehow my Exchange server checking whether recipient address is valid or not, and based on result of this query, accept or reject (possibly with some delay) incoming message in a very early phase. In fact, I have already solved this issue by writing my own, simple sendmail milter program which checks recipient address against text file with list of valid addresses. But this solution is not satisfying me any longer, because it requires frequent updates of this file, and due to lack of time/motivation/programming skills, I don't want to cope further with my source code, adding to it functionality of querying my Exchange server. Maybe I can achieve desired effect by configuring any component of already available linux software. Any ideas?

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• Windows Server 2008 can't start postgresql-x64-9.0 service: could not create any TCP/IP sockets

  - by Rob

  After rebooting a Windows Server 2008 machine to apply system updates, we recently we began having some issues running PostgreSQL 9.0. When we noticed the problem, we reverted the Windows updates, but the issue persists: From services.msc, attempting to start the postgresql-x64-9.0 service fails. Half-way through starting the progress bar becomes very slow, and eventually responds with error 1053; "the service did not respond in a timely fashion." Interestingly enough, bringing up the task manager shows multiple instances of postgres.exe have been started, and looking at the log file shows: 2011-02-10 14:44:02 ESTLOG: database system is ready to accept connections I then tried killing the processes, and starting via the command-line (as the user postgres), but I receive a different error: C:/Program Files/PostgreSQL/9.0/bin/pg_ctl.exe start -N "postgresql-x64-9.0" -D "F:/SHARE/postgres" -w waiting for server to start............................................................... pg_ctl: could not start server ESTWARNING: could not create listen socket for "192.168.0.101" ESTFATAL: could not create any TCP/IP sockets The log file again indicates that the database is ready to accept connections. Also, using netstat indicates that no other processes are using port 5432; I can't think of any other obvious reason that opening the listen socket might fail. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• samba access from win98

  - by SimonSalman

  Hello, the admin installed a new file server in our institute: OpenSuse 11.1 with Samba 3.2.7-11.3.2-2154-SUSE-CODE11. They copied the smb.conf from the old machine (hosting Samba 3.0.0) to the new one. Everything works as before, but one Windows 98 machine can see but not access the file server. It prompts for user authentication, but will not accept any user-password combination. There exists a lot of discussion about the problem on the net, but none provided a clear answer to the problem. EDIT: 1. I changed Win98 registry enable plain-text passwords, and alternatively changed server's smb.conf and /etc/smbpasswd to accept encrypted passwords 2. Further I provide a profile with a user-password combination on Win98 machine similar to one of the samba users-password combinations. 3. I changed smb.conf such that the samba server is the Local Master Browser all these changes are not necessary when using the older samba server. So, I conclude that a configuration problem on the server side is likely. If you need any further information, I will post them here. Best regards, Simon

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• kde dropping keyboard

  - by shabbychef

  I am having problems with KDE 'dropping' my keyboard. It happens periodically when using my gentoo box directly, but has become much worse when accessing via NX (from a Mac laptop). Some possibly irrelevant clues: it appears to happen more often when the system is under higher CPU load the mouse continues to work, but no windows will accept any kind of keyboard focus. kwin will not accept tabbing between windows. when working on the machine directly, I can ctrl-alt-F1 to get to a shell (obviously this does nothing over NX). so I think it is KDE and not xorg. am running kwin-4.3.5-r1, and KDE-4.3.5 generally. this problem definitely appeared after upgrading to kde-4.x, but I do not remember if it appeared in kde-4.2. sometimes the keyboard will reappear, but sometimes I have to kill my kde session. playing with accessibility options or window-focus-stealing options in system-settings under kde will often make the keyboard responsive again, only to drop it perhaps minutes later. I had read online this might be an evdev problem under X (again, I think this is KDE, not X, but will try anything). as a result, I have fiddled with my xorg.conf endlessly. I even deleted it entirely and let nvidia-xconfig have a stab at it, with no luck I am tearing my hair out over this. I have done emerge -e xorg-server and am right now doing emerge -e kwin, to rebuild all packages that might be relevant. no luck with the xorg-server rebuild. any help appreciated. thanks,

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• linux container bridge filters ARP reply

  - by Dani Camps

  I am using kernel 3.0, and I have configured a linux container that is bridged to a tap interface in my host computer. This is the bridge configuration: :~$ brctl show bridge-1 bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces bridge-1 8000.9249c78a510b no ns3-mesh-tap-1 vethjUErij My problem is that this bridge is dropping ARP replies that come from the ns3-mesh-tap-1 interface. Instead, if I statically populate the ARP tables and ping directly everything works, so it has to be something related to ARP. I have read about similar problems in related posts, and I have tried with the solutions explained therein but nothing seems to work. Specifically: ~$ grep net.bridge /etc/sysctl.conf net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-filter-vlan-tagged = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-filter-pppoe-tagged = 0 arptables and ebtables are not installed. iptables FORWARD is all set to accept: Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination The bridged interfaces are set to PROMISC: ~$ ifconfig ns3-mesh-tap-1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 1a:c7:24:ef:36:1a ... UP BROADCAST PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 vethjUErij Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr aa:b0:d1:3b:9a:0a .... UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 The macs learned by the bridge are correct (checked with brctl showmacs). Any insight on what I am doing wrong would be greatly appreciated. Best Regards Daniel

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• iptables to block VPN-traffic if not through tun0

  - by dacrow

  I have a dedicated Webserver running Debian 6 and some Apache, Tomcat, Asterisk and Mail-stuff. Now we needed to add VPN support for a special program. We installed OpenVPN and registered with a VPN provider. The connection works well and we have a virtual tun0 interface for tunneling. To archive the goal for only tunneling a single program through VPN, we start the program with sudo -u username -g groupname command and added a iptables rule to mark all traffic coming from groupname iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -m owner --gid-owner groupname -j MARK --set-mark 42 Afterwards we tell iptables to to some SNAT and tell ip route to use special routing table for marked traffic packets. Problem: if the VPN failes, there is a chance that the special to-be-tunneled program communicates over the normal eth0 interface. Desired solution: All marked traffic should not be allowed to go directly through eth0, it has to go through tun0 first. I tried the following commands which didn't work: iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --gid-owner groupname ! -o tun0 -j REJECT iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --gid-owner groupname -o eth0 -j REJECT It might be the problem, that the above iptable-rules didn't work due to the fact, that the packets are first marked, then put into tun0 and then transmitted by eth0 while they are still marked.. I don't know how to de-mark them after in tun0 or to tell iptables, that all marked packet may pass eth0, if they where in tun0 before or if they going to the gateway of my VPN provider. Does someone has any idea to a solution? Some config infos: iptables -nL -v --line-numbers -t mangle Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 11M packets, 9798M bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 591K 50M MARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 owner GID match 1005 MARK set 0x2a 2 82812 6938K CONNMARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 owner GID match 1005 CONNMARK save iptables -nL -v --line-numbers -t nat Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 393 packets, 23908 bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 15 1052 SNAT all -- * tun0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 mark match 0x2a to:VPN_IP ip rule add from all fwmark 42 lookup 42 ip route show table 42 default via VPN_IP dev tun0

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• Set up Linux box as WAP for MyBookLive?

  - by AcidFlask

  I inherited an old Linux box as well as a MyBookLive and would like to make the MyBookLive available over my wireless, essentially using the Linux box as a wireless access point. I just wiped the Linux box (home) and installed Ubuntu 12.04 on it. My network setup currently looks like this: (192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0) ISP --- wireless router --- wlan0 on home (192.168.0.12) | eth0 on home --- MyBookLive MacBook (192.168.0.11) so that the MyBookLive is basically a glorified external hard drive. The router does have an Ethernet port, but it is being used by my roommate's computer so I can't plug the MyBookLive directly into it. Right now I can ping MyBookLive.local and MacBook.local from home, but I am having trouble understanding and figuring out what the correct iptables commands are to make my MacBook see my MyBookLive through the Bonjour network. Also, I'm not sure if I need to set up DNS to forward xxx.local Bonjour/Zeroconf addresses. I tried the following to forward my entire wired network (which has only my MyBookLive) to a single IP address: sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 iptables -A FORWARD -i wlan0 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o wlan0 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp -j DNAT --to 192.168.0.66 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p udp -j DNAT --to 192.168.0.66 but I can't ping this address from my MacBook. This is probably horribly wrong, but I am a complete noob at setting up this kind of network and could use some expert help with setting this up properly.

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• Last (I think and hope) problems configuring SSL certificate with Apache and VirtualHosts

  - by user65567

  Finally I set apache2 to get a single certificate for all subdomains. [...] # Go ahead and accept connections for these vhosts # from non-SNI clients SSLStrictSNIVHostCheck off # Apache setup which will listen for and accept SSL connections on port 443. Listen 443 # Listen for virtual host requests on all IP addresses NameVirtualHost *:443 # Because this virtual host is defined first, it will # be used as the default if the hostname is not received # in the SSL handshake, e.g. if the browser doesn't support # SNI. <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName domain.localhost DocumentRoot "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/domain/public" <Directory "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/domain/public"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # SSL Configuration SSLEngine on ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName subdomain1.domain.localhost DocumentRoot "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/subdomain1/public" <Directory "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/subdomain1/public"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # SSL Configuration SSLEngine on ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName subdomain2.domain.localhost DocumentRoot "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/subdomain2/public" <Directory "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/subdomain2/public"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # SSL Configuration SSLEngine on ... </VirtualHost> So, for example, I can correctly access https://subdomain1.domain.localhost https://subdomain2.domain.localhost ... Now, anyway, I have problems on accessing http://subdomain1.domain.localhost http://subdomain2.domain.localhost ... Since I use a Mac Os, on accessing the "http: version", I get a default page "Your website." (instead of a error). Why does it happen?

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• Slow manipulation of netfilter rules

  - by Ole Martin Eide

  I have a script maintaining gre tunnels and firewall rules using the "ip" and "iptables" tools. Setting up hundreds of tunnels, and adresses per interface runs just fine. Takes less than 0.1 second per interface, however when I get around to do the firewall rules everything slows down spending 0.5 per insertion. Why is it running so slow? What can I do to improve the speed? It seems like I could try ipset instead, but I really feel there is something wrong with the kernel or something. The interesting thing is that the first 10 rules runs fast, then it slows down.. mybox(root) foo# iptables -V iptables v1.3.5 mybox(root) foo# uname -a Linux foo 2.6.18-164.el5 #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:48 EDT 2009 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux mybox(root) foo# cat test.sh #!/bin/sh for n in {1..100} do /sbin/iptables -A OUTPUT -s ${n} -j ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -D OUTPUT -s ${n} -j ACCEPT done mybox(root) foo# time ./test.sh real 1m38.839s user 0m0.100s sys 1m38.724s Appriciate any help. Cheers!

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