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• Building a JMX client in a servlet installed on the Deployment Manager

  - by Trevor

  Hi guys, I'm building a monitoring application as a servlet running on my websphere 7 ND deployment manager. The tool uses JMX to query the deployment manager for various data. Global Security is enabled on the dmgr. I'm having problems getting this to work however. My first attempt was to use the websphere client code: String sslProps = "file:" + base +"/properties/ssl.client.props"; System.setProperty("com.ibm.SSL.ConfigURL", sslProps); String soapProps = "file:" + base +"/properties/soap.client.props"; System.setProperty("com.ibm.SOAP.ConfigURL", pp); Properties connectProps = new Properties(); connectProps.setProperty(AdminClient.CONNECTOR_TYPE, AdminClient.CONNECTOR_TYPE_SOAP); connectProps.setProperty(AdminClient.CONNECTOR_HOST, dmgrHost); connectProps.setProperty(AdminClient.CONNECTOR_PORT, soapPort); connectProps.setProperty(AdminClient.CONNECTOR_SECURITY_ENABLED, "true"); AdminClient adminClient = AdminClientFactory.createAdminClient(connectProps) ; This results in the following exception: Caused by: com.ibm.websphere.management.exception.ConnectorNotAvailableException: ADMC0016E: The system cannot create a SOAP connector to connect to host ssunlab10.apaceng.net at port 13903. at com.ibm.ws.management.connector.soap.SOAPConnectorClient.getUrl(SOAPConnectorClient.java:1306) at com.ibm.ws.management.connector.soap.SOAPConnectorClient.access$300(SOAPConnectorClient.java:128) at com.ibm.ws.management.connector.soap.SOAPConnectorClient$4.run(SOAPConnectorClient.java:370) at com.ibm.ws.security.util.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:118) at com.ibm.ws.management.connector.soap.SOAPConnectorClient.reconnect(SOAPConnectorClient.java:363) ... 22 more Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method) at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.doConnect(PlainSocketImpl.java:333) at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(PlainSocketImpl.java:195) at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(PlainSocketImpl.java:182) at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:366) at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:519) at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:469) at java.net.Socket.<init>(Socket.java:366) at java.net.Socket.<init>(Socket.java:209) at com.ibm.ws.management.connector.soap.SOAPConnectorClient.getUrl(SOAPConnectorClient.java:1286) ... 26 more So, I then tried to do it via RMI, but adding in the sas.client.properties to the environment, and setting the connectort type in the code to CONNECTOR_TYPE_RMI. Now though I got a NameNotFoundException out of CORBA: Caused by: javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: Context: , name: JMXConnector: First component in name JMXConnector not found. [Root exception is org.omg.CosNaming.NamingContextPackage.NotFound: IDL:omg.org/CosNaming/NamingContext/NotFound:1.0] To see if it was an IBM issue, I tried using the standard JMX connector as well with the same result (substitute AdminClient for JMXConnector in the above error) * JMXServiceURL url = new JMXServiceURL("service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/JMXConnector"); Hashtable h = new Hashtable(); String providerUrl = "corbaloc:iiop:" + dmgrHost + ":" + rmiPort + "/WsnAdminNameService"; h.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, providerUrl); // Specify the user ID and password for the server if security is enabled on server. String[] credentials = new String[] { "***", "***" }; h.put("jmx.remote.credentials", credentials); // Establish the JMX connection. JMXConnector jmxc = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(url, h); // Get the MBean server connection instance. mbsc = jmxc.getMBeanServerConnection(); At this point, in desperation I wrote a wsadmin sccript to run both the RMI and SOAP methods. To my amazement, this works fine. So my question is, why does the code not work in a servlet installed on the dmgr ? regards, Trevor

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• iPhone dev - viewDidUnload subviews

  - by Mk12

  I'm having a hard time undestand a couple of the methods in UIViewController, but first I'll say what I think they are meant for (ignoring interface builder because I'm not using it): -init: initialize non view-related stuff that won't need to be released in low memory situations (i.e. not objects or objects that can't be recreated easily). -loadView: create the view set the [self view] property. -viewDidLoad: Create all the other view elements -viewDidUnload: Release objects created in -viewDidLoad. didReceiveMemoryWarning: Low-memory situation, release unnecessary things such as cached data, if this view doesn't have a superview then the [super didReceiveMemoryWarning] will go on to release (unload) the view and call -viewDidUnload. -dealloc: release everything -viewWillAppear:, -viewDidAppear:, -viewWillDisappear:, -viewDidDisappear: self-explanatory, not necessary unless you want to respond (do something) to those events. I'm not sure about a couple of things. First, the Apple docs say that when -viewDidUnload is called, the view has already been released and set to nil. Will -loadView get called again to recreate the view later on? There's a few things I created in -viewDidLoad that I didn't make a ivar/property for because there is no need and it will be retained by the view (because they are subviews of it). So when the view is released, it will release those too, right? When the view is released, will it release all its subviews? Because all the objects I created in -viewDidLoad are subviews of [self view]. So if they already get released why release them again in -viewDidUnload? I can understand data that is necessary when the view is visible being loaded and unloaded in these methods, but like I asked, why release the subviews if they already get released? EDIT: After reading other questions, I think I might have got it (my 2nd question). In the situation where I just use a local variable, alloc it, make it a subview and release, it will have a retain count of 1 (from adding it as a subview), so when the view is released it is too. Now for the view elements with ivars pointing to them, I wasn't using properties because no outside class would need to access them. But now I think that that's wrong, because in this situation: // MyViewController.h @interface MyViewController : UIViewController { UILabel *myLabel; } // MyViewController.m . . . - (void)viewDidLoad { myLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 40, 10)]; [myLabel setText:@"Foobar"]; [[self view] addSubview:myLabel]; } - (void)viewDidUnload [ // equivalent of [self setMyLabel:nil]; without properties [myLabel release]; myLabel = nil; } In that situation, the label will be sent the -release message after it was deallocated because the ivar didn't retain it (because it wasn't a property). But with a property the retain count would be two: the view retaining it and the property. So then in -viewDidUnload it will get deallocated. So its best to just always use properties for these things, am I right? Or not? EDIT: I read somewhere that -viewDidLoad and -viewDidUnload are only for use with Interface Builder, that if you are doing everything programmatically you shouldn't use them. Is that right? Why?

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• Python - Bitmap won't draw/display

  - by Wallter

  I have been working on this project for some time now - it was originally supposed to be a test to see if, using wxPython, I could build a button 'from scratch.' From scratch means: that i would have full control over all the aspects of the button (i.e. controlling the BMP's that are displayed... what the event handlers did... etc.) I have run into several problems (as this is my first major python project.) Now, when the all the code is working for the life of me I can't get an image to display. Basic code - not working dc = wx.BufferedPaintDC(self) dc.SetFont(self.GetFont()) dc.SetBackground(wx.Brush(self.GetBackgroundColour())) dc.Clear() dc.DrawBitmap(wx.Bitmap("/home/wallter/Desktop/Mouseover.bmp"), 100, 100) self.Refresh() self.Update() Full Main.py import wx from Custom_Button import Custom_Button from wxPython.wx import * ID_ABOUT = 101 ID_EXIT = 102 class MyFrame(wx.Frame): def __init__(self, parent, ID, title): wxFrame.__init__(self, parent, ID, title, wxDefaultPosition, wxSize(400, 400)) self.CreateStatusBar() self.SetStatusText("Program testing custom button overlays") menu = wxMenu() menu.Append(ID_ABOUT, "&About", "More information about this program") menu.AppendSeparator() menu.Append(ID_EXIT, "E&xit", "Terminate the program") menuBar = wxMenuBar() menuBar.Append(menu, "&File"); self.SetMenuBar(menuBar) # The call for the 'Experiential button' self.Button1 = Custom_Button(parent, -1, wx.Point(100, 100), wx.Bitmap("/home/wallter/Desktop/Mouseover.bmp"), wx.Bitmap("/home/wallter/Desktop/Normal.bmp"), wx.Bitmap("/home/wallter/Desktop/Click.bmp")) # The following three lines of code are in place to try to get the # Button1 to display (trying to trigger the Paint event (the _onPaint.) # Because that is where the 'draw' functions are. self.Button1.Show(true) self.Refresh() self.Update() # Because the Above three lines of code did not work, I added the # following four lines to trigger the 'draw' functions to test if the # '_onPaint' method actually worked. # These lines do not work. dc = wx.BufferedPaintDC(self) dc.SetFont(self.GetFont()) dc.SetBackground(wx.Brush(self.GetBackgroundColour())) dc.DrawBitmap(wx.Bitmap("/home/wallter/Desktop/Mouseover.bmp"), 100, 100) EVT_MENU(self, ID_ABOUT, self.OnAbout) EVT_MENU(self, ID_EXIT, self.TimeToQuit) def OnAbout(self, event): dlg = wxMessageDialog(self, "Testing the functions of custom " "buttons using pyDev and wxPython", "About", wxOK | wxICON_INFORMATION) dlg.ShowModal() dlg.Destroy() def TimeToQuit(self, event): self.Close(true) class MyApp(wx.App): def OnInit(self): frame = MyFrame(NULL, -1, "wxPython | Buttons") frame.Show(true) self.SetTopWindow(frame) return true app = MyApp(0) app.MainLoop() Full CustomButton.py import wx from wxPython.wx import * class Custom_Button(wx.PyControl): def __init__(self, parent, id, Pos, Over_BMP, Norm_BMP, Push_BMP, **kwargs): wx.PyControl.__init__(self,parent, id, **kwargs) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_DOWN, self._onMouseDown) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_UP, self._onMouseUp) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEAVE_WINDOW, self._onMouseLeave) self.Bind(wx.EVT_ENTER_WINDOW, self._onMouseEnter) self.Bind(wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND,self._onEraseBackground) self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT,self._onPaint) self.pos = Pos self.Over_bmp = Over_BMP self.Norm_bmp = Norm_BMP self.Push_bmp = Push_BMP self._mouseIn = False self._mouseDown = False def _onMouseEnter(self, event): self._mouseIn = True def _onMouseLeave(self, event): self._mouseIn = False def _onMouseDown(self, event): self._mouseDown = True def _onMouseUp(self, event): self._mouseDown = False self.sendButtonEvent() def sendButtonEvent(self): event = wx.CommandEvent(wx.wxEVT_COMMAND_BUTTON_CLICKED, self.GetId()) event.SetInt(0) event.SetEventObject(self) self.GetEventHandler().ProcessEvent(event) def _onEraseBackground(self,event): # reduce flicker pass def Iz(self): dc = wx.BufferedPaintDC(self) dc.DrawBitmap(self.Norm_bmp, 100, 100) def _onPaint(self, event): # The printing functions, they should work... but don't. dc = wx.BufferedPaintDC(self) dc.SetFont(self.GetFont()) dc.SetBackground(wx.Brush(self.GetBackgroundColour())) dc.Clear() dc.DrawBitmap(self.Norm_bmp) # This never printed... I don't know if that means if the EVT # is triggering or what. print '_onPaint' # draw whatever you want to draw # draw glossy bitmaps e.g. dc.DrawBitmap if self._mouseIn: # If the Mouse is over the button dc.DrawBitmap(self.Over_bmp, self.pos) else: # Since the mouse isn't over it Print the normal one # This is adding on the above code to draw the bmp # in an attempt to get the bmp to display; to no avail. dc.DrawBitmap(self.Norm_bmp, self.pos) if self._mouseDown: # If the Mouse clicks the button dc.DrawBitmap(self.Push_bmp, self.pos) This code won't work? I get no BMP displayed why? How do i get one? I've gotten the staticBitmap(...) to display one, but it won't move, resize, or anything for that matter... - it's only in the top left corner of the frame? Note: the frame is 400pxl X 400pxl - and the "/home/wallter/Desktop/Mouseover.bmp"

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• Can't remove Enter_Frame and stop TimerEvent

  - by Hwang

  I wanted to remove an ENTER_FRAME object and stopping an TimerEvent when I click on a button, and rerun ENTER_FRAME and TimerEvent when I click on another button. I've tried removeAddEventListener and stop() for the time, but I won't work. Any idea whats the problem here? package{ import flash.display.MovieClip; import flash.display.DisplayObject; import flash.events.Event; import flash.events.TimerEvent; import flash.utils.Timer; public class clockFunction extends MovieClip { private var clock:clockMC=new clockMC(); private var countdownTimer:Timer; //seconds private var secTop1=clock.second.top1.digit; private var secTop2=clock.second.top2.digit; private var secBot1=clock.second.bot1.digit; private var secBot2=clock.second.bot2.digit; private var seconds:Number; private var minutes:Number; private var hours:Number; private var days:Number; public function clockFunction():void { decrease(); addChild(clock); } private function decrease():void { countdownTimer=new Timer(1000); //Adding an event listener to the timer object countdownTimer.addEventListener(TimerEvent.TIMER,updateTime); //Initializing timer object //countdownTimer.start(); } private function updateTime(event:TimerEvent):void { decreasTimerFunction(); clock.second.play(); if (seconds==1) { clock.minute.play(); } if ((minutes==1)&&(seconds==1)) { clock.hour.play(); } if ((hours==1)&&(minutes==1)&&(seconds==1)) { clock.day.play(); } } //Setting it back to its correct time so it won't have number changing in between of flipping issues. private function detect(event:Event):void { //seconds var sec1=seconds; var sec2=seconds-1; if (sec1<10) { sec1="0"+sec1; } if (sec2<10) { sec2="0"+sec2; } if (sec1==00) { sec2=59; } secTop1.text=sec1; secTop2.text=sec2; secBot1.text=sec1; secBot2.text=sec2; } public function startTime():void { addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME,detect); countdownTimer.start(); trace("start"); } public function stopTime():void { countdownTimer.stop(); removeEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME,detect); trace("stop"); } private function decreasTimerFunction():void { //Create a date object for Christmas Morning var endTime:Date=new Date(2010,3,26,20,0,0); //Current date object var now:Date=new Date(); // Set the difference between the two date and times in milliseconds var timeDiff:Number=endTime.getTime()-now.getTime(); seconds=Math.floor(timeDiff/1000); minutes=Math.floor(seconds/60); hours=Math.floor(minutes/60); days=Math.floor(hours/24); // Set the remainder of the division vars above hours%=24; minutes%=60; seconds%=60; } } }

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• Problem using form builder & DOM manipulation in Rails with multiple levels of nested partials

  - by Chris Hart

  I'm having a problem using nested partials with dynamic form builder code (from the "complex form example" code on github) in Rails. I have my top level view "new" (where I attempt to generate the template): <% form_for (@transaction_group) do |txngroup_form| %> <%= txngroup_form.error_messages %> <% content_for :jstemplates do -%> <%= "var transaction='#{generate_template(txngroup_form, :transactions)}'" %> <% end -%> <%= render :partial => 'transaction_group', :locals => { :f => txngroup_form, :txn_group => @transaction_group }%> <% end -%> This renders the transaction_group partial: <div class="content"> <% logger.debug "in partial, class name = " + txn_group.class.name %> <% f.fields_for txn_group.transactions do |txn_form| %> <table id="transactions" class="form"> <tr class="header"><td>Price</td><td>Quantity</td></tr> <%= render :partial => 'transaction', :locals => { :tf => txn_form } %> </table> <% end %> <div>&nbsp;</div><div id="container"> <%= link_to 'Add a transaction', '#transaction', :class => "add_nested_item", :rel => "transactions" %> </div> <div>&nbsp;</div> ... which in turn renders the transaction partial: <tr><td><%= tf.text_field :price, :size => 5 %></td> <td><%= tf.text_field :quantity, :size => 2 %></td></tr> The generate_template code looks like this: def generate_html(form_builder, method, options = {}) options[:object] ||= form_builder.object.class.reflect_on_association(method).klass.new options[:partial] ||= method.to_s.singularize options[:form_builder_local] ||= :f form_builder.fields_for(method, options[:object], :child_index => 'NEW_RECORD') do |f| render(:partial => options[:partial], :locals => { options[:form_builder_local] => f }) end end def generate_template(form_builder, method, options = {}) escape_javascript generate_html(form_builder, method, options) end (Obviously my code is not the most elegant - I was trying to get this nested partial thing worked out first.) My problem is that I get an undefined variable exception from the transaction partial when loading the view: /Users/chris/dev/ss/app/views/transaction_groups/_transaction.html.erb:2:in _run_erb_app47views47transaction_groups47_transaction46html46erb_locals_f_object_transaction' /Users/chris/dev/ss/app/helpers/customers_helper.rb:29:in generate_html' /Users/chris/dev/ss/app/helpers/customers_helper.rb:28:in generate_html' /Users/chris/dev/ss/app/helpers/customers_helper.rb:34:in generate_template' /Users/chris/dev/ss/app/views/transaction_groups/new.html.erb:4:in _run_erb_app47views47transaction_groups47new46html46erb' /Users/chris/dev/ss/app/views/transaction_groups/new.html.erb:3:in _run_erb_app47views47transaction_groups47new46html46erb' /Users/chris/dev/ss/app/views/transaction_groups/new.html.erb:1:in _run_erb_app47views47transaction_groups47new46html46erb' /Users/chris/dev/ss/app/controllers/transaction_groups_controller.rb:17:in new' I'm pretty sure this is because the do loop for form_for hasn't executed yet (?)... I'm not sure that my approach to this problem is the best, but I haven't been able to find a better solution for dynamically adding form partials to the DOM. Basically I need a way to add records to a has_many model dynamically on a nested form. Any recommendations on a way to fix this particular problem or (even better!) a cleaner solution are appreciated. Thanks in advance. Chris

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• Qt - reloading widget contents

  - by bullettime

  I'm trying to modify the fridge magnets example by adding a button that will reload the widget where the draggable labels are drawn, reflecting any changes made to the text file it reads. I defined another class that would contain the button and the DragWidget object, so there would be an instance of this class instead of DragWidget in main(): class wrapWidget: public QWidget { public: wrapWidget(); }; wrapWidget::wrapWidget() { QGridLayout *gridlayout = new QGridLayout(); DragWidget *w = new DragWidget(); QPushButton *b = new QPushButton("refresh"); gridlayout ->addWidget(w,0,0); gridlayout ->addWidget(b,1,0); setLayout(gridlayout ); connect(b,SIGNAL(clicked()),w,SLOT(draw())); } The call to connect is where I'm trying to do the refresh thing. In the original fridge magnets example, all the label drawing code was inside the constructor of the DragWidget class. I moved that code to a public method that I named 'draw()', and called this method from the constructor instead. Here's DragWidget definition and implementation: #include <QWidget> QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE class QDragEnterEvent; class QDropEvent; QT_END_NAMESPACE class DragWidget : public QWidget { public: DragWidget(QWidget *parent = 0); public slots: void draw(); protected: void dragEnterEvent(QDragEnterEvent *event); void dragMoveEvent(QDragMoveEvent *event); void dropEvent(QDropEvent *event); void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *event); void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event); }; DragWidget::DragWidget(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent) { draw(); QPalette newPalette = palette(); newPalette.setColor(QPalette::Window, Qt::white); setPalette(newPalette); setMinimumSize(400, 100);//qMax(200, y)); setWindowTitle(tr("Fridge Magnets")); setAcceptDrops(true); } void DragWidget::draw(){ QFile dictionaryFile(":/dictionary/words.txt"); dictionaryFile.open(QFile::ReadOnly); QTextStream inputStream(&dictionaryFile); int x = 5; int y = 5; while (!inputStream.atEnd()) { QString word; inputStream >> word; if (!word.isEmpty()) { DragLabel *wordLabel = new DragLabel(word, this); wordLabel->move(x, y); wordLabel->show(); wordLabel->setAttribute(Qt::WA_DeleteOnClose); x += wordLabel->width() + 2; if (x >= 245) { x = 5; y += wordLabel->height() + 2; } } } } I thought that maybe calling draw() as a slot would be enough to reload the labels, but it didn't work. Putting the draw() call inside the widget's overriden paintEvent() instead of the constructor didn't work out as well, the program would end up in an infinite loop. What I did was obviously not the right way of doing it, so what should I be doing instead?

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• WCF DataContractSerializer Behavior

  - by sbanwart

  I'm seeing some unusual behavior when using the DataContractSerializer. I have defined a message contract like so: namespace MyNamespace.DataContracts { [MessageContract(WrapperName = "order", WrapperNamespace = @"http://example.com/v1/order")] public class MyOrder { [MessageBodyMember(Namespace = @"http://http://example.com/v1/order", Order = 1)] public MyStore store; [MessageBodyMember(Namespace = @"http://http://example.com/v1/order", Order = 2)] public MyOrderHeader orderHeader; [MessageBodyMember(Namespace = @"http://example.com/v1/order", Order = 3)] public List<MyPayment> payments; [MessageBodyMember(Namespace = @"http://example.com/v1/order", Order = 4)] public List<MyShipment> shipments; } . . I'm sending it an XML message that looks like this: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <order xmlns="http://example.com/v1/order> <store> ... </store> <orderHeader> ... </orderHeader> <payments> <payment> ... </payment> </payments> <shipments> <shipment> ... </shipment> </shipments> </order> My service deserializes this XML as expected. Inside my service, I'm using the DataContractSerializer to create an XML string and that's where things get weird. I'm using the serializer like this: DataContractSerializer serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(MyOrder)); using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) { serializer.WriteObject(ms, order); ms.Position = 0; StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(ms); string outputMessage = sr.ReadToEnd(); } Once this finishes, the outputMessage contains the following XML: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <MyOrder xmlns="http://example.com/v1/order" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <order> <store> ... </store> <orderHeader> ... </orderHeader> <payments> <payment> ... </payment> </payments> <shipments> <shipment> ... </shipment> </shipments> </order> </MyOrder> Needless to say, anything expecting to receive the original XML message will fail to parse this. So I guess I have two questions: Why is the DataContractSerializer adding the extra outer node to my XML output? Is there a way to stop it from doing this? Thanks.

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• Best style for Python programs: what do you suggest?

  - by Noctis Skytower

  A friend of mine wanted help learning to program, so he gave me all the programs that he wrote for his previous classes. The last program that he wrote was an encryption program, and after rewriting all his programs in Python, this is how his encryption program turned out (after adding my own requirements). #! /usr/bin/env python ################################################################################ """\ CLASS INFORMATION ----------------- Program Name: Program 11 Programmer: Stephen Chappell Instructor: Stephen Chappell for CS 999-0, Python Due Date: 17 May 2010 DOCUMENTATION ------------- This is a simple encryption program that can encode and decode messages.""" ################################################################################ import sys KEY_FILE = 'Key.txt' BACKUP = '''\ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO\ PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~ _@/6-UC'GzaV0%5Mo9g+yNh8b">Bi=<Lx [sQn#^R.D2Xc(\ Jm!4e${lAEWud&t7]H\`}pvPw)FY,Z~?qK|3SOfk*:1;jTrI''' ################################################################################ def main(): "Run the program: loads key, runs processing loop, and saves key." encode_map, decode_map = load_key(KEY_FILE) try: run_interface_loop(encode_map, decode_map) except SystemExit: pass save_key(KEY_FILE, encode_map) def run_interface_loop(encode_map, decode_map): "Shows the menu and runs the appropriate command." print('This program handles encryption via a customizable key.') while True: print('''\ MENU ==== (1) Encode (2) Decode (3) Custom (4) Finish''') switch = get_character('Select: ', tuple('1234')) FUNC[switch](encode_map, decode_map) def get_character(prompt, choices): "Gets a valid menu option and returns it." while True: sys.stdout.write(prompt) sys.stdout.flush() line = sys.stdin.readline()[:-1] if not line: sys.exit() if line in choices: return line print(repr(line), 'is not a valid choice.') ################################################################################ def load_key(filename): "Gets the key file data and returns encoding/decoding dictionaries." plain, cypher = open_file(filename) return dict(zip(plain, cypher)), dict(zip(cypher, plain)) def open_file(filename): "Load the keys and tries to create it when not available." while True: try: with open(filename) as file: plain, cypher = file.read().split('\n') return plain, cypher except: with open(filename, 'w') as file: file.write(BACKUP) def save_key(filename, encode_map): "Dumps the map into two buffers and saves them to the key file." plain = cypher = str() for p, c in encode_map.items(): plain += p cypher += c with open(filename, 'w') as file: file.write(plain + '\n' + cypher) ################################################################################ def encode(encode_map, decode_map): "Encodes message for the user." print('Enter your message to encode (EOF when finished).') message = get_message() for char in message: sys.stdout.write(encode_map[char] if char in encode_map else char) def decode(encode_map, decode_map): "Decodes message for the user." print('Enter your message to decode (EOF when finished).') message = get_message() for char in message: sys.stdout.write(decode_map[char] if char in decode_map else char) def custom(encode_map, decode_map): "Allows user to edit the encoding/decoding dictionaries." plain, cypher = get_new_mapping() for p, c in zip(plain, cypher): encode_map[p] = c decode_map[c] = p ################################################################################ def get_message(): "Gets and returns text entered by the user (until EOF)." buffer = [] while True: line = sys.stdin.readline() if line: buffer.append(line) else: return ''.join(buffer) def get_new_mapping(): "Prompts for strings to edit encoding/decoding maps." while True: plain = get_unique_chars('What do you want to encode from?') cypher = get_unique_chars('What do you want to encode to?') if len(plain) == len(cypher): return plain, cypher print('Both lines should have the same length.') def get_unique_chars(prompt): "Gets strings that only contain unique characters." print(prompt) while True: line = input() if len(line) == len(set(line)): return line print('There were duplicate characters: please try again.') ################################################################################ # This map is used for dispatching commands in the interface loop. FUNC = {'1': encode, '2': decode, '3': custom, '4': lambda a, b: sys.exit()} ################################################################################ if __name__ == '__main__': main() For all those Python programmers out there, your help is being requested. How should the formatting (not necessarily the coding by altered to fit Python's style guide? My friend does not need to be learning things that are not correct. If you have suggestions on the code, feel free to post them to this wiki as well.

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• Scrolling a canvas as a shape you're moving approaches its edges

  - by Steven Sproat

  Hi, I develop a Python-based drawing program, Whyteboard. I have tools that the user can create new shapes on the canvas, such as text/images/rectangles/circles/polygons. I also have a Select tool that allows the users to modify these shapes - for example, moving a shape's position, resizing, or editing polygon's points' positions. I'm adding in a new feature where moving or resizing a point near the canvas edge will automatically scroll the canvas. I think it's a good idea in terms of program usability, and annoys me when other program's don't have this feature. I've made some good progress on coding this; below is some Python code to demonstrate what I'm doing. These functions demonstrate how some shapes calculate their "edges": def find_edges(self): """A line.""" self.edges = {EDGE_TOP: min(self.y, self.y2), EDGE_RIGHT: max(self.x, self.x2), EDGE_BOTTOM: max(self.y, self.y2), EDGE_LEFT: min(self. x, self.x2)} def find_edges(self): """An image""" self.edges = {EDGE_TOP: self.y, EDGE_RIGHT: self.x + self.image.GetWidth(), EDGE_BOTTOM: self.y + self.image.GetWidth(), EDGE_LEFT: self.x} def find_edges(self): """Get the bounding rectangle for the polygon""" xmin = min(x for x, y in self.points) ymin = min(y for x, y in self.points) xmax = max(x for x, y in self.points) ymax = max(y for x, y in self.points) self.edges = {EDGE_TOP: ymin, EDGE_RIGHT: xmax, EDGE_BOTTOM: ymax, EDGE_LEFT: xmin} And here's the code I have so far to implement the scrolling when a shape nears the edge: def check_canvas_scroll(self, x, y, moving=False): """ We check that the x/y coords are within 50px from the edge of the canvas and scroll the canvas accordingly. If the shape is being moved, we need to check specific edges of the shape (e.g. left/right side of rectangle) """ size = self.board.GetClientSizeTuple() # visible area of the canvas if not self.board.area > size: # canvas is too small to need to scroll return start = self.board.GetViewStart() # user's starting "viewport" scroll = (-1, -1) # -1 means no change if moving: if self.shape.edges[EDGE_RIGHT] > start[0] + size[0] - 50: scroll = (start[0] + 5, -1) if self.shape.edges[EDGE_BOTTOM] > start[1] + size[1] - 50: scroll = (-1, start[1] + 5) # snip others else: if x > start[0] + size[0] - 50: scroll = (start[0] + 5, -1) if y > start[1] + size[1] - 50: scroll = (-1, start[1] + 5) # snip others self.board.Scroll(*scroll) This code actually works pretty well. If we're moving a shape, then we need to know its edges to calculate when they're coming close to the canvas edge. If we're resizing just a single point, then we just use the x/y coords of that point to see if it's close to the edge. The problem I'm having is a little tricky to describe - basically, if you move a shape to the left, and stop moving it, if you positioned the shape within the 50px from the canvas, then the next time you go to move the shape, the code that says "ok, is this shape close to the end?" gets triggered, and the canvas scrolls to the left, even if you're moving the shape to the right. Can anyone think on how to stop this? I created a youtube video to demonstrate the issue. At about 0:54, I move a polygon to the left of the canvas and position it there. The next time I move it, the canvas scrolls to the left even though I'm moving it right Another thing I'd like to add, but I'm stuck on is the scroll gaining momentum the longer a shape is scrolling? So, with a large canvas, you're not moving a shape for ages, moving 5px at a time, when you need to cover a 2000px distance. Any suggestions there? Thanks all - sorry for the super long question!

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• Rails routing to XML/JSON without views gone mad

  - by John Schulze

  I have a mystifying problem. In a very simple Ruby app i have three classes: Drivers, Jobs and Vehicles. All three classes only consist of Id and Name. All three classes have the same #index and #show methods and only render in JSON or XML (this is in fact true for all their CRUD methods, they are identical in everything but name). There are no views. For example: def index @drivers= Driver.all respond_to do |format| format.js { render :json => @drivers} format.xml { render :xml => @drivers} end end def show @driver = Driver.find(params[:id]) respond_to do |format| format.js { render :json => @driver} format.xml { render :xml => @driver} end end The models are similarly minimalistic and only contain: class Driver< ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :name end In routes.rb I have: map.resources :drivers map.resources :jobs map.resources :vehicles map.connect ':controller/:action/:id' map.connect ':controller/:action/:id.:format' I can perform POST/create, GET/index and PUT/update on all three classes and GET/read used to work as well until I installed the "has many polymorphs" ActiveRecord plugin and added to environment.rb: require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), 'boot') require 'has_many_polymorphs' require 'active_support' Now for two of the three classes I cannot do a read any more. If i go to localhost:3000/drivers they all list nicely in XML but if i go to localhost:3000/drivers/3 I get an error: Processing DriversController#show (for 127.0.0.1 at 2009-06-11 20:34:03) [GET] Parameters: {"id"=>"3"} [4;36;1mDriver Load (0.0ms)[0m [0;1mSELECT * FROM "drivers" WHERE ("drivers"."id" = 3) [0m ActionView::MissingTemplate (Missing template drivers/show.erb in view path app/views): app/controllers/drivers_controller.rb:14:in `show' ...etc This is followed a by another unexpected error: Processing ApplicationController#show (for 127.0.0.1 at 2009-06-11 21:35:52)[GET] Parameters: {"id"=>"3"} NameError (uninitialized constant ApplicationController::AreaAccessDenied): ...etc What is going on here? Why does the same code work for one class but not the other two? Why is it trying to do a #view on the ApplicationController? I found that if I create a simple HTML view for each of the three classes these work fine. To each class I add: format.html # show.html.erb With this in place, going to localhost:3000/drivers/3 renders out the item in HTML and I get no errors in the log. But if attach .xml to the URL it again fails for two of the classes (with the same error message as before) while one will output XML as expected. Even stranger, on the two failing classes, when adding .js to the URL (to trigger JSON rendering) I get the HTML output instead! Is it possible this has something to do with the "has many polymorphs" plugin? I have heard of people having routing issues after installing it. Removing "has many polymorphs" and "active support" from environment.rb (and rebooting the sever) seems to make no difference whatsoever. Yet my problems started after it was installed. I've spent a number of hours on this problem now and am starting to get a little desperate, Google turns up virtually no information which makes me suspect I must have missed something elementary. Any enlightenment or hint gratefully received! JS

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• Java Refuses to Start - Could not reserve enough space for object heap

  - by Randyaa

  Background We have a pool of aproximately 20 linux blades. Some are running Suse, some are running Redhat. ALL share NAS space which contains the following 3 folders: /NAS/app/java - a symlink that points to an installation of a Java JDK. Currently version 1.5.0_10 /NAS/app/lib - a symlink that points to a version of our application. /NAS/data - directory where our output is written All our machines have 2 processors (hyperthreaded) with 4gb of physical memory and 4gb of swap space. We limit the number of 'jobs' each machine can process at a given time to 6 (this number likely needs to change, but that does not enter into the current problem so please ignore it for the time being). Some of our jobs set a Max Heap size of 512mb, some others reserve a Max Heap size of 2048mb. Again, we realize we could go over our available memory if 6 jobs started on the same machine with the heap size set to 2048, but to our knowledge this has not yet occurred. The Problem Once and a while a Job will fail immediately with the following message: Error occurred during initialization of VM Could not reserve enough space for object heap Could not create the Java virtual machine. We used to chalk this up to too many jobs running at the same time on the same machine. The problem happened infrequently enough (MAYBE once a month) that we'd just restart it and everything would be fine. The problem has recently gotten much worse. All of our jobs which request a max heap size of 2048m fail immediately almost every time and need to get restarted several times before completing. We've gone out to individual machines and tried executing them manually with the same result. Debugging It turns out that the problem only exists for our SuSE boxes. The reason it has been happening more frequently is becuase we've been adding more machines, and the new ones are SuSE. 'cat /proc/version' on the SuSE boxes give us: Linux version 2.6.5-7.244-bigsmp (geeko@buildhost) (gcc version 3.3.3 (SuSE Linux)) #1 SMP Mon Dec 12 18:32:25 UTC 2005 'cat /proc/version' on the RedHat boxes give us: Linux version 2.4.21-32.0.1.ELsmp ([email protected]) (gcc version 3.2.3 20030502 (Red Hat Linux 3.2.3-52)) #1 SMP Tue May 17 17:52:23 EDT 2005 'uname -a' gives us the following on BOTH types of machines: UTC 2005 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux No jobs are running on the machine, and no other processes are utilizing much memory. All of the processes currently running might be using 100mb total. 'top' currently shows the following: Mem: 4146528k total, 3536360k used, 610168k free, 132136k buffers Swap: 4194288k total, 0k used, 4194288k free, 3283908k cached 'vmstat' currently shows the following: procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 0 0 0 610292 132136 3283908 0 0 0 2 26 15 0 0 100 0 If we kick off a job with the following command line (Max Heap of 1850mb) it starts fine: java/bin/java -Xmx1850M -cp helloworld.jar HelloWorld Hello World If we bump up the max heap size to 1875mb it fails: java/bin/java -Xmx1875M -cp helloworld.jar HelloWorld Error occurred during initialization of VM Could not reserve enough space for object heap Could not create the Java virtual machine. It's quite clear that the memory currently being used is for Buffering/Caching and that's why so little is being displayed as 'free'. What isn't clear is why there is a magical 1850mb line where anything higher means Java can't start. Any explanations would be greatly appreciated.

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• Evidence-Based-Scheduling - are estimations only as accurate as the work-plan they're based on?

  - by Assaf Lavie

  I've been using FogBugz's Evidence Based Scheduling (for the uninitiated, Joel explains) for a while now and there's an inherent problem I can't seem to work around. The system is good at telling me the probability that a given project will be delivered at some date, given the detailed list of tasks that comprise the project. However, it does not take into account the fact that during development additional tasks always pop up. Now, there's the garbage-can approach of creating a generic task/scheduled-item for "last minute hacks" or "integration tasks", or what have you, but that clearly goes against the idea of aggregating the estimates of many small cases. It's often the case that during the development stage of a project you realize that there's a whole area your planning didn't cover, because, well, that's the nature of developing stuff that hasn't been developed before. So now your ~3 month project may very well turn into a 6 month project, but not because your estimations were off (you could be the best estimator in the world, for those task the comprised your initial work plan); rather because you ended up adding a whole bunch of new tasks that weren't there to begin with. EBS doesn't help you with that. It could, theoretically (I guess). It could, perhaps, measure the amount of work you add to a project over time and take that into consideration when estimating the time remaining on a given project. Just a thought. In other words, EBS works on a task basis, but not on a project/release basis - but the latter is what's important. It's what your boss typically cares about - delivery date, not the time it takes to finish each task along the way, and not the time it would have taken, if your planning was perfect. So the question is (yes, there's a question here, don't close it): What's your methodology when it comes to using EBS in FogBugz and how do you solve the problem above, which seems to be a main cause of schedule delays and mispredictions? Edit Some more thoughts after reading a few answers: If it comes down to having to choose which delivery date you're comfortable presenting to your higher-ups by squinting at the delivery-probability graph and choosing 80%, or 95%, or 60% (based on what, exactly?) then we've resorted to plain old buffering/factoring of our estimates. In which case, couldn't we have skipped the meticulous case by case hour-sized estimation effort step? By forcing ourselves to break down tasks that take more than a day into smaller chunks of work haven't we just deluded ourselves into thinking our planning is as tight and thorough as it could be? People may be consistently bad estimators that do not even learn from their past mistakes. In that respect, having an EBS system is certainly better than not having one. But what can we do about the fact that we're not that good in planning as well? I'm not sure it's a problem that can be solved by a similar system. Our estimates are wrong because of tendencies to be overly optimistic/pessimistic about certain tasks, and because of neglect to account for systematic delays (e.g. sick days, major bug crisis) - and usually not because we lack knowledge about the work that needs to be done. Our planning, on the other hand, is often incomplete because we simply don't have enough knowledge in this early stage; and I don't see how an EBS-like system could fill that gap. So we're back to methodology. We need to find a way to accommodate bad or incomplete work plans that's better than voodoo-multiplication.

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• Authlogic OpenID integration

  - by Craig

  I'm having difficulty getting OpenId authentication working with Authlogic. It appears that the problem arose with changes to the open_id_authentication plugin. From what I've read so far, one needs to switch from using gems to using plugins. Here's what I done thus far to get Authlogic-OpenID integration working: Removed relevant gems: authlogic authlogic-oid rack-openid ruby-openid * Installed, configured, and started the authlogic sample application (http://github.com/binarylogic/authlogic_example)--works as expected. This required: installing the authlogic (2.1.3) gem ($ sudo gem install authlogic) adding a dependency (config.gem "authlogic") to the environment.rb file. added migration to add open-id support to User model; ran migration; columns added as expected made changes to the UsersController and UserSessionsController to use blocks to save each. made changes to new user-sessions view to support open id (f.text_field :openid_identifier) installed open_id_authentication plugin ($ script/plugin install git://github.com/rails/open_id_authentication.git) installed the authlogic-oid plugin ($ script/plugin install git://github.com/binarylogic/authlogic_openid.git) installed the plugin ($ script/plugin install git://github.com/glebm/ruby-openid.git) restarted mongrel (CTRL-C; $ script/server) Mogrel failed to start, returning the following error: /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require': no such file to load -- rack/openid (MissingSourceFile) from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/plugins/open_id_authentication/lib/open_id_authentication.rb:3 from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require' from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/plugins/open_id_authentication/init.rb:5:in `evaluate_init_rb' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb:146:in `evaluate_init_rb' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel/reporting.rb:11:in `silence_warnings' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb:142:in `evaluate_init_rb' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb:48:in `load' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/rails/plugin/loader.rb:38:in `load_plugins' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/rails/plugin/loader.rb:37:in `each' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/rails/plugin/loader.rb:37:in `load_plugins' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/initializer.rb:348:in `load_plugins' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/initializer.rb:163:in `process' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send' from ./script/../config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/config/environment.rb:13 from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require' from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /Users/craibuc/NetBeansProjects/authlogic_example/vendor/rails/railties/lib/commands/server.rb:84 from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require' from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from script/server:3 I suspect this is related the rack-openid gem, but as it was dependent upon the ruby-openid gem, it was removed when the ruby-openid gem was removed. Perhaps this can be installed as a plugin. Any assistance with this matter is greatly appreciated--I'm just about to give up on OpenId integration. * ruby-openid (2.1.2) is installed at /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8. I'm not certain if this is affecting anything. In any case, I'm not sure how to uninstall it or if I should. ** edit ** It appears that there are a number of gems in the /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems directory that may be causing an issue: authlogic-oid (1.0.4) rack-openid (1.0.3) ruby-openid (2.1.7) Questions: - why doesn't the gem list command list these gems? - Why doesn't the gem uninstall command remove these gems?

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• Run unit tests in Jenkins / Hudson in automated fashion from dev to build server

  - by Kevin Donde

  We are currently running a Jenkins (Hudson) CI server to build and package our .net web projects and database projects. Everything is working great but I want to start writing unit tests and then only passing the build if the unit tests pass. We are using the built in msbuild task to build the web project. With the following arguments ... MsBuild Version .NET 4.0 MsBuild Build File ./WebProjectFolder/WebProject.csproj Command Line Arguments ./target:Rebuild /p:Configuration=Release;DeployOnBuild=True;PackageLocation=".\obj\Release\WebProject.zip";PackageAsSingleFile=True We need to run automated tests over our code that run automatically when we build on our machines (post build event possibly) but also run when Jenkins does a build for that project. If you run it like this it doesn't build the unit tests project because the web project doesn't reference the test project. The test project would reference the web project but I'm pretty sure that would be butchering our automated builds as they exist primarily to build and package our deployments. Running these tests should be a step in that automated build and package process. Options ... Create two Jenkins jobs. one to run the tests ... if the tests pass another build is triggered which builds and packages the web project. Put the post build event on the test project. Build the solution instead of the project (make sure the solution contains the required tests) and put post build events on any test projects that would run the nunit console to run the tests. Then use the command line to copy all the required files from each of the bin and content directories into a package. Just build the test project in jenkins instead of the web project in jenkins. The test project would reference the web project (depending on what you're testing) and build it. Problems ... There's two jobs and not one. Two things to debug not one. One to see if the tests passed and one to build and compile the web project. The tests could pass but the build could fail if its something that isn't used by what you're testing ... This requires us to know exactly what goes into the build. Right now msbuild does it all for us. If you have multiple teams working on a project everytime an extra folder is created you have to worry about the possibly brittle command line statements. This seems like a corruption of our main purpose here. The tests should be a step in this process not the overriding most important thing in this process. I'm also not 100% sure that a triggered build is the same as a normal build does it do all the same things as a normal build. Move all the correct files in the same way move them all into the same directories etc. Initial problem. We want to run our tests whenever our main project is built. But adding a post build event to the web project that runs against the test project doesn't work because the web project doesn't reference the test project and won't trigger a build of this project. I could go on ... but that's enough ... We've spent about a week trying to make this work nicely but haven't succeeded. Feel free to edit this if you feel you can get a better response ...

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• Differing styles in Python program: what do you suggest?

  - by Noctis Skytower

  A friend of mine wanted help learning to program, so he gave me all the programs that he wrote for his previous classes. The last program that he wrote was an encryption program, and after rewriting all his programs in Python, this is how his encryption program turned out (after adding my own requirements). #! /usr/bin/env python ################################################################################ """\ CLASS INFORMATION ----------------- Program Name: Program 11 Programmer: Stephen Chappell Instructor: Stephen Chappell for CS 999-0, Python Due Date: 17 May 2010 DOCUMENTATION ------------- This is a simple encryption program that can encode and decode messages.""" ################################################################################ import sys KEY_FILE = 'Key.txt' BACKUP = '''\ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO\ PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~ _@/6-UC'GzaV0%5Mo9g+yNh8b">Bi=<Lx [sQn#^R.D2Xc(\ Jm!4e${lAEWud&t7]H\`}pvPw)FY,Z~?qK|3SOfk*:1;jTrI''' ################################################################################ def main(): "Run the program: loads key, runs processing loop, and saves key." encode_map, decode_map = load_key(KEY_FILE) try: run_interface_loop(encode_map, decode_map) except SystemExit: pass save_key(KEY_FILE, encode_map) def run_interface_loop(encode_map, decode_map): "Shows the menu and runs the appropriate command." print('This program handles encryption via a customizable key.') while True: print('''\ MENU ==== (1) Encode (2) Decode (3) Custom (4) Finish''') switch = get_character('Select: ', tuple('1234')) FUNC[switch](encode_map, decode_map) def get_character(prompt, choices): "Gets a valid menu option and returns it." while True: sys.stdout.write(prompt) sys.stdout.flush() line = sys.stdin.readline()[:-1] if not line: sys.exit() if line in choices: return line print(repr(line), 'is not a valid choice.') ################################################################################ def load_key(filename): "Gets the key file data and returns encoding/decoding dictionaries." plain, cypher = open_file(filename) return dict(zip(plain, cypher)), dict(zip(cypher, plain)) def open_file(filename): "Load the keys and tries to create it when not available." while True: try: with open(filename) as file: plain, cypher = file.read().split('\n') return plain, cypher except: with open(filename, 'w') as file: file.write(BACKUP) def save_key(filename, encode_map): "Dumps the map into two buffers and saves them to the key file." plain = cypher = str() for p, c in encode_map.items(): plain += p cypher += c with open(filename, 'w') as file: file.write(plain + '\n' + cypher) ################################################################################ def encode(encode_map, decode_map): "Encodes message for the user." print('Enter your message to encode (EOF when finished).') message = get_message() for char in message: sys.stdout.write(encode_map[char] if char in encode_map else char) def decode(encode_map, decode_map): "Decodes message for the user." print('Enter your message to decode (EOF when finished).') message = get_message() for char in message: sys.stdout.write(decode_map[char] if char in decode_map else char) def custom(encode_map, decode_map): "Allows user to edit the encoding/decoding dictionaries." plain, cypher = get_new_mapping() for p, c in zip(plain, cypher): encode_map[p] = c decode_map[c] = p ################################################################################ def get_message(): "Gets and returns text entered by the user (until EOF)." buffer = [] while True: line = sys.stdin.readline() if line: buffer.append(line) else: return ''.join(buffer) def get_new_mapping(): "Prompts for strings to edit encoding/decoding maps." while True: plain = get_unique_chars('What do you want to encode from?') cypher = get_unique_chars('What do you want to encode to?') if len(plain) == len(cypher): return plain, cypher print('Both lines should have the same length.') def get_unique_chars(prompt): "Gets strings that only contain unique characters." print(prompt) while True: line = input() if len(line) == len(set(line)): return line print('There were duplicate characters: please try again.') ################################################################################ # This map is used for dispatching commands in the interface loop. FUNC = {'1': encode, '2': decode, '3': custom, '4': lambda a, b: sys.exit()} ################################################################################ if __name__ == '__main__': main() For all those Python programmers out there, your help is being requested. How should the formatting (not necessarily the coding by altered to fit Python's style guide? My friend does not need to be learning things that are not correct. If you have suggestions on the code, feel free to post them to this wiki as well.

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• Delphi 5: Ideas for simulating "Obsolete" or "Deprecated" methods?

  - by Ian Boyd

  i want to mark a method as obsolete, but Delphi 5 doesn't have such a feature. For the sake of an example, here is a made-up method with it's deprecated and new preferred form: procedure TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn; overload; //obsolete procedure TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn(UseProtection: Boolean); overload; Note: For this hypothetical example, we assume that using the parameterless version is just plain bad. There are problems with not "using protection" - which have no good solution. Nobody likes having to use protection, but nobody wants to not use protection. So we make the caller decide if they want to use protection or not when blowing Hodir's horn. If we default the parameterless version to continue not using protection: procedure TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn; begin BlowHodirsHorn(False); //No protection. Bad! end; then the developer is at risk of all kinds of nasty stuff. If we force the parameterless version to use protection: procedure TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn; begin BlowHodirsHorn(True); //Use protection; crash if there isn't any end; then there's a potential for problems if the developer didn't get any protection, or doesn't own any. Now i could rename the obsolete method: procedure TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn_Deprecatedd; overload; //obsolete procedure TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn(UseProtection: Boolean); overload; But that will cause a compile error, and people will bitch at me (and i really don't want to hear their whining). i want them to get a nag, rather than an actual error. i thought about adding an assertion: procedure TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn; //obsolete begin Assert(false, 'TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn is deprecated. Use BlowHodirsHorn(Boolean)'); ... end; But i cannot guarantee that the developer won't ship a version without assertions, causing a nasty crash for the customer. i thought about using only throwing an assertion if the developer is debugging: procedure TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn; //obsolete begin if DebugHook > 0 then Assert(false, 'TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn is deprecated. Use BlowHodirsHorn(Boolean)'); ... end; But i really don't want to be causing a crash at all. i thought of showing a MessageDlg if they're in the debugger (which is a technique i've done in the past): procedure TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn; //obsolete begin if DebugHook > 0 then MessageDlg('TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn is deprecated. Use BlowHodirsHorn(Boolean)', mtWarning, [mbOk], 0); ... end; but that is still too disruptive. And it has caused problems where the code is stuck at showing a modal dialog, but the dialog box wasn't obviously visible. i was hoping for some sort of warning message that will sit there nagging them - until they gouge their eyes out and finally change their code. i thought perhaps if i added an unused variable: procedure TStormPeaksQuest.BlowHodirsHorn; //obsolete var ThisMethodIsObsolete: Boolean; begin ... end; i was hoping this would cause a hint only if someone referenced the code. But Delphi shows a hint even if you don't call actually use the obsolete method. Can anyone think of anything else?

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• Polymorphism problem: How to check type of derived class?

  - by malymato

  Hi, this is my first question here :) I know that I should not check for object type but instead use dynamic_cast, but that would not solve my problem. I have class called Extension and interfaces called IExtendable and IInitializable, IUpdatable, ILoadable, IDrawable (the last four are basicly the same). If Extension implements IExtendable interface, it can extend itself with different Extension objects. The problem is that I want to allow the Extension which implements IExtendable to extend only with Extension that implements the same interfaces as the original Extension. You probably don't unerstand that mess so I try to explain it with code: class IExtendable { public: IExtendable(void); void AddExtension(Extension*); void RemoveExtensionByID(unsigned int); vector<Extension*>* GetExtensionPtr(){return &extensions;}; private: vector<Extension*> extensions; }; class IUpdatable { public: IUpdatable(void); ~IUpdatable(void); virtual void Update(); }; class Extension { public: Extension(void); virtual ~Extension(void); void Enable(){enabled=true;}; void Disable(){enabled=false;}; unsigned int GetIndex(){return ID;}; private: bool enabled; unsigned int ID; static unsigned int _indexID; }; Now imagine the case that I create Extension like this: class MyExtension : public Extension, public IExtendable, public IUpdatable, public IDrawable { public: MyExtension(void); virtual ~MyExtension(void); virtual void AddExtension(Extension*); virtual void Update(); virtual void Draw(); }; And I want to allow this class to extend itself only with Extensions that implements the same interfaces (or less). For example I want it to be able to take Extension which implements IUpdatable; or both IUpdatable and IDrawable; but e.g. not Extension which implements ILoadable. I want to do this because when e.g. Update() will be called on some Extension which implements IExtendable and IUpdateable, it will be also called on these Extensions which extends this Extension. So when I'm adding some Extension to Extension which implements IExtendable and some of the IUpdatable, ILoadable... I'm forced to check if Extension that is going to be add implements these interfaces too. So In the IExtendable::AddExtension(Extension*) I would need to do something like this: void IExtendable::AddExtension(Extension* pEx) { bool ok = true; // check wheather this extension can take pEx // do this with every interface if ((*pEx is IUpdatable) && (*this is_not IUpdatable)) ok = false; if (ok) this->extensions.push_back(pEx); } But how? Any ideas what would be the best solution? I don't want to use dynamic_cast and see if it returns null... thanks

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• Duplication of menu items with ViewPager and Fragments

  - by Julian

  I'm building an Android Application (minimum SDK Level 10, Gingerbread 2.3.3) with some Fragments in a ViewPager. I'm using ActionBarSherlock to create an ActionBar and android-viewpagertabs to add tabs to the ViewPager just like in the Market client. I have one global menu item that I want to be shown on every tab/fragment. On the first of the three tabs I want to have two additional menu items. But now two strange things happen: First if I start the app, everything seems to be fine, I can see all three menu items on the first page and only one item if i swipe to the second and third tab. But if I swipe back to the second tab from the third one, I can see all three items again which shouldn't happen. If I swipe back to the first and then again to the second tab, everything is fine again. The other strange thing is that every time I rotate the device, the menu items from the fragment are added again, even though they are already in the menu. Code of the FragmentActivity that displays the ViewPager and its tabs: public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity { public static final String TAG = "MainActivity"; private ActionBar actionBar; private Adapter adapter; private ViewPager viewPager; private ViewPagerTabs tabs; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.volksempfaenger); actionBar = getSupportActionBar(); adapter = new Adapter(getSupportFragmentManager()); adapter.addFragment(getString(R.string.title_tab_subscriptions), SubscriptionGridFragment.class); // adding more fragments here viewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.viewpager); viewPager.setAdapter(adapter); tabs = (ViewPagerTabs) findViewById(R.id.tabs); tabs.setViewPager(viewPager); } public static class Adapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter implements ViewPagerTabProvider { private FragmentManager fragmentManager; private ArrayList<Class<? extends Fragment>> fragments; private ArrayList<String> titles; public Adapter(FragmentManager fm) { super(fm); fragmentManager = fm; fragments = new ArrayList<Class<? extends Fragment>>(); titles = new ArrayList<String>(); } public void addFragment(String title, Class<? extends Fragment> fragment) { titles.add(title); fragments.add(fragment); } @Override public int getCount() { return fragments.size(); } public String getTitle(int position) { return titles.get(position); } @Override public Fragment getItem(int position) { try { return fragments.get(position).newInstance(); } catch (InstantiationException e) { Log.wtf(TAG, e); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { Log.wtf(TAG, e); } return null; } @Override public Object instantiateItem(View container, int position) { FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager .beginTransaction(); Fragment f = getItem(position); fragmentTransaction.add(container.getId(), f); fragmentTransaction.commit(); return f; } } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { BaseActivity.addGlobalMenu(this, menu); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { return BaseActivity.handleGlobalMenu(this, item); } } Code of the fragment that shall have its own menu items: public class SubscriptionGridFragment extends Fragment { private GridView subscriptionList; private SubscriptionListAdapter adapter; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setHasOptionsMenu(true); } // ... @Override public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) { inflater.inflate(R.menu.subscription_list, menu); } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // ... } }

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• Blogger issue with custom background images on Chrome and Safari

  - by hdx

  This is weird, the site in question is blog.andrebatista.info and it is a hosted at blogger.com. I'm trying to make the blogger template look the same as the one in my main website, www.andrebatista.info. For some reason if I go directly to the blog address Chrome and Safari fail to display all of my background images... all of them. However if I first go to www.andrebatista.info first and then go to the blog it renders just fine ?¿ The way I'm customizing it is by adding a link to my main site's stylesheet at the very end of the head tag on the blogger template. That stylesheet is displayed below: *{ margin:0; padding:0; border:0; } html,body { background:#064169 url(http://www.andrebatista.info/images/main_gradient_slice.jpg) repeat-x; font-family: Arial, "MS Trebuchet", sans-serif; font-size:18px; } #main_wrapper{ margin: 0 auto; width:1024px; } #header{ background: url(http://www.andrebatista.info/images/header.jpg); height:133px; border:none; margin:0; } #menu_wrapper{ background: url(http://www.andrebatista.info/images/menu.jpg); height:34px; overflow:hidden; } #menu_wrapper .menu_item{ color:white; float: left; border: 1 px solid red; height: 34px; padding-top:10px; text-align:center; width:100px; } #menu_wrapper .first{ padding-left:240px; float:left; width:100px; } #menu_wrapper .active,#menu_wrapper .menu_item:hover{ background-color:white; color:Teal; cursor: pointer; } #content_area_wrapper{ background: url(http://www.andrebatista.info/images/body_bg_slice.jpg) repeat-y; } #content_area{ min-height:524px; background: url(http://www.andrebatista.info/images/main_content_top.jpg) repeat-x; } #main_banner{ background: url(http://www.andrebatista.info/images/main_banner.jpg) no-repeat center center; width:662px; height:338px; margin: 0 auto; } #main_banner div{ color:white; padding-left:47px; padding-right:164px; padding-top:105px; } #text_area{ overflow:hidden; width:662px; margin:0 auto; padding:14px; } #contentList{ padding:0 20px 20px 20px; } #text_area .left{ width:50%; float:left; } #text_area .left{ width:50%; float:right; } #footer2{ background: url(http://www.andrebatista.info/images/footer.jpg); height:62px; } #footer{ background: url(http://www.andrebatista.info/images/footer.jpg); height:62px; } Any ideas on what I could be missing?

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• Lightweight use of Enterprise Library TraceListeners

  - by gWiz

  Is it possible to use the Enterprise Library 4.1 TraceListeners without using the entire Enterprise Library Logging AB? I'd prefer to simply use .NET Diagnostics Tracing, but would like to setup a listener that sends emails on Error events. I figured I could use the Enterprise Library EmailTraceListener. However, my initial attempts to configure it have failed. Here's what I hoped would work: <system.diagnostics> <trace autoflush="false" /> <sources> <source name="SampleSource" switchValue="Verbose" > <listeners> <add name="textFileListener" /> <add name="emailListener" /> </listeners> </source> </sources> <sharedListeners> <add name="textFileListener" type="System.Diagnostics.TextWriterTraceListener" initializeData="..\trace.log" traceOutputOptions="DateTime"> <filter type="System.Diagnostics.EventTypeFilter" initializeData="Verbose" /> </add> <add name="emailListener" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.TraceListeners.EmailTraceListener, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging" toAddress="[email protected]" fromAddress="[email protected]" smtpServer="mail.example.com" > <filter type="System.Diagnostics.EventTypeFilter" initializeData="Verbose" /> </add> </sharedListeners> </system.diagnostics> However I get [ArgumentException: The parameter 'address' cannot be an empty string. Parameter name: address] System.Net.Mail.MailAddress..ctor(String address, String displayName, Encoding displayNameEncoding) +1098157 System.Net.Mail.MailAddress..ctor(String address) +8 Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.EmailMessage.CreateMailMessage() +256 Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.EmailMessage.Send() +39 Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.TraceListeners.EmailTraceListener.Write(String message) +96 System.Diagnostics.TraceListener.WriteHeader(String source, TraceEventType eventType, Int32 id) +184 System.Diagnostics.TraceListener.TraceEvent(TraceEventCache eventCache, String source, TraceEventType eventType, Int32 id, String format, Object[] args) +63 System.Diagnostics.TraceSource.TraceEvent(TraceEventType eventType, Int32 id, String format, Object[] args) +198 System.Diagnostics.TraceSource.TraceInformation(String message) +14 Which leads me to believe the .NET Tracing code does not care about the "non-standard" config attributes I've supplied for emailListener. I also tried adding the appropriate LAB configSection declaration and: <loggingConfiguration> <listeners> <add toAddress="[email protected]" fromAddress="[email protected]" smtpServer="mail.example.com" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.TraceListeners.EmailTraceListener, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging" name="emailListener" /> </listeners> </loggingConfiguration> This also results in the same exception. I figure it's possible to programmatically configure the EmailTraceListener, but I prefer this to be config-driven. I also understand I can implement my own derivative of TraceListener. So, is it possible to use the Ent Lib TraceListeners, without using the whole Ent Lib LAB, and configure them from the config file? Update: After examining the code, I have discovered it is not possible. The Ent Lib TraceListeners do not actually utilize the config attributes they specify in overriding TraceListener.GetSupportedAttributes(), despite the recommendations in the .NET TraceListener documentation. Bug filed.

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• When should I use indexed arrays of OpenGL vertices?

  - by Tartley

  I'm trying to get a clear idea of when I should be using indexed arrays of OpenGL vertices, drawn with gl[Multi]DrawElements and the like, versus when I should simply use contiguous arrays of vertices, drawn with gl[Multi]DrawArrays. (Update: The consensus in the replies I got is that one should always be using indexed vertices.) I have gone back and forth on this issue several times, so I'm going to outline my current understanding, in the hopes someone can either tell me I'm now finally more or less correct, or else point out where my remaining misunderstandings are. Specifically, I have three conclusions, in bold. Please correct them if they are wrong. One simple case is if my geometry consists of meshes to form curved surfaces. In this case, the vertices in the middle of the mesh will have identical attributes (position, normal, color, texture coord, etc) for every triangle which uses the vertex. This leads me to conclude that: 1. For geometry with few seams, indexed arrays are a big win. Follow rule 1 always, except: For geometry that is very 'blocky', in which every edge represents a seam, the benefit of indexed arrays is less obvious. To take a simple cube as an example, although each vertex is used in three different faces, we can't share vertices between them, because for a single vertex, the surface normals (and possible other things, like color and texture co-ord) will differ on each face. Hence we need to explicitly introduce redundant vertex positions into our array, so that the same position can be used several times with different normals, etc. This means that indexed arrays are of less use. e.g. When rendering a single face of a cube: 0 1 o---o |\ | | \ | | \| o---o 3 2 (this can be considered in isolation, because the seams between this face and all adjacent faces mean than none of these vertices can be shared between faces) if rendering using GL_TRIANGLE_FAN (or _STRIP), then each face of the cube can be rendered thus: verts = [v0, v1, v2, v3] colors = [c0, c0, c0, c0] normal = [n0, n0, n0, n0] Adding indices does not allow us to simplify this. From this I conclude that: 2. When rendering geometry which is all seams or mostly seams, when using GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP or _FAN, then I should never use indexed arrays, and should instead always use gl[Multi]DrawArrays. (Update: Replies indicate that this conclusion is wrong. Even though indices don't allow us to reduce the size of the arrays here, they should still be used because of other performance benefits, as discussed in the comments) The only exception to rule 2 is: When using GL_TRIANGLES (instead of strips or fans), then half of the vertices can still be re-used twice, with identical normals and colors, etc, because each cube face is rendered as two separate triangles. Again, for the same single cube face: 0 1 o---o |\ | | \ | | \| o---o 3 2 Without indices, using GL_TRIANGLES, the arrays would be something like: verts = [v0, v1, v2, v2, v3, v0] normals = [n0, n0, n0, n0, n0, n0] colors = [c0, c0, c0, c0, c0, c0] Since a vertex and a normal are often 3 floats each, and a color is often 3 bytes, that gives, for each cube face, about: verts = 6 * 3 floats = 18 floats normals = 6 * 3 floats = 18 floats colors = 6 * 3 bytes = 18 bytes = 36 floats and 18 bytes per cube face. (I understand the number of bytes might change if different types are used, the exact figures are just for illustration.) With indices, we can simplify this a little, giving: verts = [v0, v1, v2, v3] (4 * 3 = 12 floats) normals = [n0, n0, n0, n0] (4 * 3 = 12 floats) colors = [c0, c0, c0, c0] (4 * 3 = 12 bytes) indices = [0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 0] (6 shorts) = 24 floats + 12 bytes, and maybe 6 shorts, per cube face. See how in the latter case, vertices 0 and 2 are used twice, but only represented once in each of the verts, normals and colors arrays. This sounds like a small win for using indices, even in the extreme case of every single geometry edge being a seam. This leads me to conclude that: 3. When using GL_TRIANGLES, one should always use indexed arrays, even for geometry which is all seams. Please correct my conclusions in bold if they are wrong.

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• WCF Service error on IIS with metadata

  - by Bruno Silva

  Hi, I'm trying to publish a service to IIS, it builds and runs OK on the ASP.NET dev server. When running in IIS I can get to the metadata by navigating to the service or by adding service reference in Visual Studio. But when I call a method from my client app it crashes with a internal server error. So I went to the Event Log and found this: WebHost failed to process a request. Sender Information: System.ServiceModel.Activation.HostedHttpRequestAsyncResult/8810861 Exception: System.Web.HttpException (0x80004005): There was no channel actively listening at 'http://mysite.net/soundhubservice.svc/$metadata'. This is often caused by an incorrect address URI. Ensure that the address to which the message is sent matches an address on which a service is listening. ---> System.ServiceModel.EndpointNotFoundException: There was no channel actively listening at 'http://mysite.net/soundhubservice.svc/$metadata'. This is often caused by an incorrect address URI. Ensure that the address to which the message is sent matches an address on which a service is listening. at System.ServiceModel.Activation.HostedHttpTransportManager.HttpContextReceived(HostedHttpRequestAsyncResult result) at System.ServiceModel.Activation.HostedHttpRequestAsyncResult.HandleRequest() at System.ServiceModel.Activation.HostedHttpRequestAsyncResult.BeginRequest() at System.Runtime.AsyncResult.End[TAsyncResult](IAsyncResult result) at System.ServiceModel.Activation.HostedHttpRequestAsyncResult.End(IAsyncResult result) Process Name: w3wp Process ID: 1080 My Web.Config looks something like this: <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> <system.serviceModel> <services> <service name="SoundHub.Services.SoundHubService" behaviorConfiguration="StreamingServiceBehavior"> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="http://localhost/SoundHubServive"/> </baseAddresses> </host> <endpoint address="service" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="httpBuffering" contract="SoundHub.Services.ISoundHubService"/> <endpoint address="stream" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="HttpStreaming" contract="SoundHub.Services.ISoundHubStreamService"/> <!--<endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />--> </service> </services> <bindings> <basicHttpBinding> <binding name="HttpStreaming" maxReceivedMessageSize="67108864" transferMode="Streamed"/> <binding name="httpBuffering" transferMode="Buffered" /> </basicHttpBinding> </bindings> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="StreamingServiceBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False"/> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> </system.serviceModel> <system.webServer> <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/> </system.webServer> </configuration> Tried several combinations of settings I found while searching online but nothing helped, always the same error. Thanks Bruno

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• Mysql 100% CPU + Slow query

  - by felipeclopes

  I'm using the RDS database from amazon with a some very big tables, and yesterday I started to face 100% CPU utilisation on the server and a bunch of slow query logs that were not happening before. I tried to check the queries that were running and faced this result from the explain command +----+-------------+-------------------------------+--------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------------------------------------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------------------------------+--------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------------------------------------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | businesses | const | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | const | 1 | Using index; Using temporary; Using filesort | | 1 | SIMPLE | activities_businesses | ref | PRIMARY,index_activities_users_on_business_id,index_tweets_users_on_tweet_id_and_business_id | index_activities_users_on_business_id | 9 | const | 2252 | Using index condition; Using where | | 1 | SIMPLE | activities_b_taggings_975e9c4 | ref | taggings_idx | taggings_idx | 782 | const,myapp_production.activities_businesses.id,const | 1 | Using index condition; Using where | | 1 | SIMPLE | activities | eq_ref | PRIMARY,index_activities_on_created_at | PRIMARY | 8 | myapp_production.activities_businesses.activity_id | 1 | Using where | +----+-------------+-------------------------------+--------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------------------------------------------+ Also checkin in the process list, I got something like this: +----+-----------------+-------------------------------------+----------------------------+---------+------+--------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | +----+-----------------+-------------------------------------+----------------------------+---------+------+--------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | 1 | my_app | my_ip:57152 | my_app_production | Sleep | 0 | | NULL | | 2 | my_app | my_ip:57153 | my_app_production | Sleep | 2 | | NULL | | 3 | rdsadmin | localhost:49441 | NULL | Sleep | 9 | | NULL | | 6 | my_app | my_other_ip:47802 | my_app_production | Sleep | 242 | | NULL | | 7 | my_app | my_other_ip:47807 | my_app_production | Query | 231 | Sending data | SELECT my_fields... | | 8 | my_app | my_other_ip:47809 | my_app_production | Query | 231 | Sending data | SELECT my_fields... | | 9 | my_app | my_other_ip:47810 | my_app_production | Query | 231 | Sending data | SELECT my_fields... | | 10 | my_app | my_other_ip:47811 | my_app_production | Query | 231 | Sending data | SELECT my_fields... | | 11 | my_app | my_other_ip:47813 | my_app_production | Query | 231 | Sending data | SELECT my_fields... | ... So based on the numbers, it looks like there is no reason to have a slow query, since the worst execution plan is the one that goes through 2k rows which is not much. Edit 1 Another information that might be useful is the slow query_log SET timestamp=1401457485; SELECT my_query... # User@Host: myapp[myapp] @ ip-10-195-55-233.ec2.internal [IP] Id: 435 # Query_time: 95.830497 Lock_time: 0.000178 Rows_sent: 0 Rows_examined: 1129387 Edit 2 After profiling, I got this result. The result have approximately 250 rows with two columns each. +----------------------+----------+ | state | duration | +----------------------+----------+ | Sending data | 272 | | removing tmp table | 0 | | optimizing | 0 | | Creating sort index | 0 | | init | 0 | | cleaning up | 0 | | executing | 0 | | checking permissions | 0 | | freeing items | 0 | | Creating tmp table | 0 | | query end | 0 | | statistics | 0 | | end | 0 | | System lock | 0 | | Opening tables | 0 | | logging slow query | 0 | | Sorting result | 0 | | starting | 0 | | closing tables | 0 | | preparing | 0 | +----------------------+----------+ Edit 3 Adding query as requested SELECT activities.share_count, activities.created_at FROM `activities_businesses` INNER JOIN `businesses` ON `businesses`.`id` = `activities_businesses`.`business_id` INNER JOIN `activities` ON `activities`.`id` = `activities_businesses`.`activity_id` JOIN taggings activities_b_taggings_975e9c4 ON activities_b_taggings_975e9c4.taggable_id = activities_businesses.id AND activities_b_taggings_975e9c4.taggable_type = 'ActivitiesBusiness' AND activities_b_taggings_975e9c4.tag_id = 104 AND activities_b_taggings_975e9c4.created_at >= '2014-04-30 13:36:44' WHERE ( businesses.id = 1 ) AND ( activities.created_at > '2014-04-30 13:36:44' ) AND ( activities.created_at < '2014-05-30 12:27:03' ) ORDER BY activities.created_at; Edit 4 There may be a chance that the indexes are not being applied due to difference in column type between the taggings and the activities_businesses, on the taggable_id column. mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM activities_businesses; +-------------+------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | activity_id | bigint(20) | YES | MUL | NULL | | | business_id | bigint(20) | YES | MUL | NULL | | +-------------+------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 3 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM taggings; +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | tag_id | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | | | taggable_id | bigint(20) | YES | | NULL | | | taggable_type | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | tagger_id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | tagger_type | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | context | varchar(128) | YES | | NULL | | | created_at | datetime | YES | | NULL | | +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ So it is examining way more rows than it shows in the explain query, probably because some indexes are not being applied. Do you guys can help m with that?

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• How do I get through proxy server environments for non-standard services?

  - by Ripred

  I'm not real hip on exactly what role(s) today's proxy servers can play and I'm learning so go easy on me :-) I have a client/server system I have written using a homegrown protocol and need to enhance the client side to negotiate its way out of a proxy environment. I have an existing client and server system written in C and C++ for the speed and a small amount of MFC in the client to handle the user interface. I have written both the server and client side of the system on Windows (the people I work for are mainly web developers using Windows everything - not a choice) sticking to Berkeley Sockets as it were via wsock32 for efficiency. The clients connect to the server through a nonstandard port (even though using port 80 is an option to get out of some environments but the protocol that goes over it isn't HTTP). The TCP connection(s) stay open for the duration of the clients participation in real time conferences. Our customer base is expanding to all kinds of networked environments. I have been able to solve a lot of problems by adding the ability to connect securely over port 443 and using secure sockets which allows the protocol to pass through a lot environments since the internal packets can't be sniffed. But more and more of our customers are behind a proxy server environment and my direct connections don't make it through. My old school understanding of proxy servers is that they act as a proxy for external HTML content over HTTP, possibly locally caching popular material for faster local access, and also allowing their IT staff to blacklist certain destination sites. Customer are complaining that my software doesn't recognize and easily navigate its way through their proxy environments but I'm finding it difficult to decide what my "best fit" solution should be. My software doesn't tear down the connection after each client request, and on top of that packets can come from either side at any time, basically your typical custom client/server system for a specific niche. My first reaction is "why can't they just add my servers addresses to their white list" but if there is a programmatic way I can get through without requiring their IT staff to help it is politically better and arguably a better solution anyway. Plus maybe I'm still not understanding the role and purpose of what proxy servers and environments have grown to be these days. My first attempt at a solution was to use WinInet with its various proxy capabilities to establish a connection over port 80 to my non-standard protocol server (which knows enough to recognize and answer a simple HTTP-looking GET request and answer it with a simple HTTP response page to get around some environments that employ initial packet sniffing (DPI)). I retrieved the actual SOCKET handle behind WinInet's HINTERNET request object and had hoped to use that in place of my software's existing SOCKET connection and hopefully not need to change much more on the client side. It initially seemed to be my solution but on further inspection it seems that the OS gets first-chance at the received data on this socket since when I get notified of events via the standard select(...) statement on the socket and query the size of the data available via ioctlsocket the call succeeds but returns 0 bytes available, the reads don't work and it goes downhill from there. Can someone tell me of a client-side library (commercial is fine) will let me get past these proxy server environments with as little user and IT staff help as possible? From what I read it has grown past SOCKS and I figure someone has to have solved this problem before me. Thanks for reading my long-winded question, Ripred

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• How to Force an Exception from a Task to be Observed in a Continuation Task?

  - by Richard

  I have a task to perform an HttpWebRequest using Task<WebResponse>.Factory.FromAsync(req.BeginGetRespone, req.EndGetResponse) which can obviously fail with a WebException. To the caller I want to return a Task<HttpResult> where HttpResult is a helper type to encapsulate the response (or not). In this case a 4xx or 5xx response is not an exception. Therefore I've attached two continuations to the request task. One with TaskContinuationOptions OnlyOnRanToCompletion and the other with OnlyOnOnFaulted. And then wrapped the whole thing in a Task<HttpResult> to pick up the one result whichever continuation completes. Each of the three child tasks (request plus two continuations) is created with the AttachedToParent option. But when the caller waits on the returned outer task, an AggregateException is thrown is the request failed. I want to, in the on faulted continuation, observe the WebException so the client code can just look at the result. Adding a Wait in the on fault continuation throws, but a try-catch around this doesn't help. Nor does looking at the Exception property (as section "Observing Exceptions By Using the Task.Exception Property" hints here). I could install a UnobservedTaskException event handler to filter, but as the event offers no direct link to the faulted task this will likely interact outside this part of the application and is a case of a sledgehammer to crack a nut. Given an instance of a faulted Task<T> is there any means of flagging it as "fault handled"? Simplified code: public static Task<HttpResult> Start(Uri url) { var webReq = BuildHttpWebRequest(url); var result = new HttpResult(); var taskOuter = Task<HttpResult>.Factory.StartNew(() => { var tRequest = Task<WebResponse>.Factory.FromAsync( webReq.BeginGetResponse, webReq.EndGetResponse, null, TaskCreationOptions.AttachedToParent); var tError = tRequest.ContinueWith<HttpResult>( t => HandleWebRequestError(t, result), TaskContinuationOptions.AttachedToParent |TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnFaulted); var tSuccess = tRequest.ContinueWith<HttpResult>( t => HandleWebRequestSuccess(t, result), TaskContinuationOptions.AttachedToParent |TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnRanToCompletion); return result; }); return taskOuter; } with: private static HttpDownloaderResult HandleWebRequestError( Task<WebResponse> respTask, HttpResult result) { Debug.Assert(respTask.Status == TaskStatus.Faulted); Debug.Assert(respTask.Exception.InnerException is WebException); // Try and observe the fault: Doesn't help. try { respTask.Wait(); } catch (AggregateException e) { Log("HandleWebRequestError: waiting on antecedent task threw inner: " + e.InnerException.Message); } // ... populate result with details of the failure for the client ... return result; } (HandleWebRequestSuccess will eventually spin off further tasks to get the content of the response...) The client should be able to wait on the task and then look at its result, without it throwing due to a fault that is expected and already handled.

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