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  • is there a way to run a command before puppet implements a change?

    - by Patrick
    I want to have puppet run a specific command before performing any type of change. I am aware of the prerun_command option in the main puppet.conf, but this is not what I'm looking for. I want the command to only run if something is about to change, not on every puppet run. Here's the scenario. Let's say I have a bunch of web servers behind a load balancer. I then want puppet to update the web site files. But in order to prevent issues where some files have been updated, but other files haven't, and the mixed versions causing problems, I want to take the server out of the load balancer pool. I could write a script which when run will tell the load balancer to remove the box from the pool. Then puppet can do the change, and use postrun_command to put the box back in the pool once complete. But I need a way to run that script to remove the server from the pool. The only solution I can think of is to keep 2 copies of the files on the box. One a staging copy, and when puppet updates that, use a notify action to trigger the removal script, and then copy from staging into the live location. But I was hoping for something a little more generic that would work on any change being performed (upgrading a package, restarting a service, creating a user, anything).

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  • Why does everybody have the same MAC address as me?

    - by iblue
    I just bought some consumer-grade McCheap PCI-E NICs (and this was a bad idea). They both have the same MAC address. When I google it, it seems like every card of that company has the same address: 00:50:43:00:45:3e. Shouldn't they be unique? According to lspci it's a Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88E8053 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 20). Is there a way to permanently flash a new address?

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  • What I should know about memory management?

    - by bua
    first of all: I don't use stackadmin or similar so please don't vote for moving there, I'm reading man top and paper "what every programmer should know about memory ..." I need really simple explanation like for retard ;) Having following top dump: top - 11:21:19 up 37 days, 21:16, 4 users, load average: 0.41, 0.75, 1.09 Tasks: 313 total, 5 running, 308 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.4%us, 0.6%sy, 0.9%ni, 96.2%id, 0.1%wa, 0.0%hi, 1.9%si, 0.0%st Mem: 132103848k total, 131916948k used, 186900k free, 54000k buffers Swap: 73400944k total, 73070884k used, 330060k free, 13931192k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 3305 tudb 25 10 144m 52m 940 R 6.0 0.0 1306:09 app 3011 tudb 15 0 71528 19m 604 S 3.3 0.0 171:57.83 app 3373 tudb 25 10 209m 93m 940 S 3.0 0.1 1074:53 app 3338 tudb 25 10 144m 47m 940 R 2.7 0.0 780:48.48 app 4227 tudb 25 10 208m 99m 904 S 1.3 0.1 198:56.01 app 8506 tudb 25 10 80.7g 49g 932 S 2.0 39.6 458:31.22 app I'm wondering what is: RES (my expl. physical memory consumption ? see 49GB) VIRT (memory mapped disk to cache? see 80GB) SHR (shared pages?) Swap: (is this cached label - for memory mapped disk into swap cache?) Should sum of RES give MEM: X used? or maybe sum of VIRT?

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  • Explanation of command to uppercase the first letter of a file

    - by hazielquake
    Hi I'm trying to learn to rename files with the command line, and after browsing around a lot of pages I finally found a command that uppercases the first letter of a file, but the problem is that I want to understand the meaning of each command. The command is: for i in *; do new=echo "$i" | sed -e 's/^./\U&/'; mv "$i" "$new";done I understand the 'for' kinda... but not the 'echo' or '`' and especially the sed command. if someone has a little patience to explain the meaning of each thing that'd be awesome! Thanks!

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  • LAMP Stack Version Help -- Is there a website or version tracker source to help suggest the right versions of each part of a platform stack?

    - by Chris Adragna
    Taken singly, it's easy to research versions and compatibility. Version information is readily available on each single part of a platform stack, such as MySQL. You can find out the latest version, stable version, and sometimes even the percentage of people adopting it by version (personally, I like seeing numbers on adoption rates). However, when trying to find the best possible mix of versions, I have a harder time. For example, "if you're using MySQL 5.5, you'll need PHP version XX or higher." It gets even more difficult to mitigate when you throw higher level platforms into the mix such as Drupal, Joomla, etc. I do consider "wizard" like installers to be beneficial, such as the Bitnami installers. However, I always wonder if those solutions cater more to the least common denominator -- be all to many -- and as such, I think I'd be better to install things on my own. Such solutions do seem kind of slow to adopt new versions, slower than necessary, I suspect. Is there a website or tool that consolidates versioning data in order to help a webmaster choose which versions to deploy or which upgrades to install, in consideration of all the other parts of the stack?

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  • Using screen to monitor non-interactive scripts (or some other solution)

    - by Michael
    I have some autonomous scripts that run commands on remote machines over ssh. These scripts rely on getting stdout, stderr, and the return code of each command run. I want to be able to monitor the progress of the scripts on each target machine so that I can see if something has hung and possibly intervene if necessary. My initial idea was to have the scripts run commands in a screen session, so that the person monitoring could simply attach to the session with screen -x. However, it was hard to do that from a script since screen is an interactive program. I can send a command to the screen session with screen -S session -X stuff "command^M", but then I don't get the output and return code that I need back. My second idea was to put script /path/to/log in ~/.bash_profile and log the entire session to a file. Then the monitoring person could simply tail the log file. However, this doesn't provide the interactivity that I was looking for. Any ideas on how to solve this problem?

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  • Is there an email client optimized for screen readers and accessiblity?

    - by Adolfo Fitoria
    Hi. I'm currently working on a project to help visually impaired people. We're planning to use Orca screen reader for gnome. Everything is doing great but there is a problem with email web clients the most popular ones(gmail, yahoo, hotmail) are not optimized for screen readers. Is there some kind of simple email client optimized for this? Need to be very simple and straight foward and support multiple users too.

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  • Configuring snedmail to forward mail for a specific domain to a specific mail server without using M

    - by aHunter
    I am new to sendmail and would like to configure sendmail to forward all mail for a specific email address to another internal mail server. I need it to ignore the MX records and only send it to the server I specify but am not sure which files to edit or how to configure the sendmail config. Is it sufficiant to add the server to the /etc/hosts and the /etc/mail/local-host-names files? Thanks in advance.

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  • Corrupt tar (Resulting folder smaller than packed file)

    - by Om3g4
    Hi everybody, I have an issue with a tarball created on a SuSe 10.3 Server version. The .tar file has a size of 6.5 GB but if I untar it under Ubuntu 9.10 the resulting folder only has a size of 1.5 GB. commands used: tar cvf for packing, tar xvf for unpacking. Perhaps somebody knows how this can be fixed, would be great, cheers

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  • Creating ip alias on bonded interface ie. bond0:1

    - by bobothechimp
    System: HP Proliant DL360 G5 running CentOS 5.4 Bonded interface is working fine for a long time. I just went to add an alias the way I always have on a regular interface, and on first check it works (pinging on the local box) but it is not accessable from outside (iptables is turned off). In addition with this setup the normal network response started to decline, hanging for around a minute before I could get a prompt on login. Here are my config files: [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes USERCTL=no [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes USERCTL=no [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-bond0 DEVICE=bond0 BONDING_OPTS="mode=1 miimon=100" BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes NETWORK=10.2.1.0 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 IPADDR=10.2.1.11 USERCTL=no [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-bond0:1 DEVICE=bond0:1 BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes NETWORK=10.2.1.0 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 IPADDR=10.2.1.12 USERCTL=no any thoughts?

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  • Upgrade CentOS 5.2 to 5.3 -- but not 5.4

    - by Jeff Leyser
    Server currently running CentOS 5.2. Developers tell me they'd like the machine upgrade to CentOS 5.3 -- but not all the way to CentOS 5.4, as they haven't tested with 5.4 yet. I'm pretty sure a yum upgrade will put me at 5.4, as a yum check-update shows all sorts of 5.4 packages. So how do I move up to 5.3?

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  • lilo.conf questions

    - by Jack
    I use lilo, and have two different kernels. One is newer and use KMS with it. What I would like to do, is to be able to set vga=xxx for only one of the kernels. Is this possible? I would also like to be able to code into lilo.conf options that I pass on the commandline, but am unsure how to do this

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  • Mark packets across computers?

    - by eudemo
    I use Transmission on Ubuntu and I'm having this issue, which basically says that QoS is broken because there is no way to limit which outgoing ports uses. I was thinking of doing a dirty and ugly hack and create an interface alias and define QoS based on source address, but was wondering if is there another way. Is it possible to mark the packets on the original machine in some way, using the owner and mark modules of iptables and sending this to the router who does the QoS? From what I understand, mark on iptables only applies to the local machine, so this will not work, but is there another way?

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  • NSD reply from unexpected source

    - by Ximik
    I have server with NSD. There are MAIN_IP and ADD_IP. When I try to get IP of my site from server I have right output dig @localhost my_site.com But when I try to make this from my PC, I have dig @my_ns_server.com my_site.com ;; reply from unexpected source: MAIN_IP#53, expected ADD_IP#53 (ADD_IP is IP of my_ns_server.com) What should I do? UPD: My interfaces conf auto eth2 allow-hotplug eth2 iface eth2 inet static address xxx.xxx.xxx.234 netmask 255.255.255.252 network xxx.xxx.xxx.232 broadcast xxx.xxx.xxx.235 gateway xxx.xxx.xxx.233 dns-nameservers MY_ISP_IP dns-search MY_ISP_DOMAIN auto eth2:0 iface eth2:0 inet static address xxx.xxx.xxx.124 netmask 255.255.255.0 xxx.xxx.xxx is the same for all IPs

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  • Iptables rules make communication so slow

    - by mmc18
    When I have send a request to an application running on a machine which following firewall rules are applied, it waits so long. When I have deactivated the iptables rule, it responses immediately. What makes communication so slow? -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p esp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i ppp+ -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 500 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 4500 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 1701 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7 -A FORWARD -i ppp+ -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

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  • Upgrading phpmyadmin (and other packages) on Debian Squeeze

    - by westexasman
    I just setup a new VM with Debian Squeeze (latest stable release, 6.0.4). I am going for a webserver, so I installed the usual... apache, php5, mysql, phpmyadmin, etc. Everything went well, everything is working. My question is about upgrading packages. I noticed the phpmyadmin version is 3.3.7... the latest is 3.4.10.1. Doing apt-get update/upgrade does not upgrade the package. How does one go about upgrading packages on a Debian Squeeze server if apt-get update/upgrade does not work? Thanks!

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  • SDcard /dev/sdb2 is apparently in use by the system; will not make a filesystem here

    - by user171223
    I divided my sdcard into 2 partitions, but It got an error and couldn't create a new partition. Error: /dev/sdb2 is apparently in use by the system; will not make a filesystem here! My /dev/sdb was not mounted, and the output of command lsblk was: cxphong@cxphong:~/Desktop$ lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk +-sda1 8:1 0 118.8G 0 part +-sda2 8:2 0 147.7G 0 part /media/DATA +-sda3 8:3 0 137.1G 0 part +-sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part +-sda5 8:5 0 1023M 0 part [SWAP] +-sda6 8:6 0 61.2G 0 part / sdb 8:16 1 3.7G 0 disk +-sdb1 8:17 1 70.6M 0 part +-sdb2 8:18 1 3.6G 0 part +-sdb1 (dm-0) 252:0 0 70.6M 0 part +-sdb2 (dm-1) 252:1 0 3.6G 0 part I couldn't delete /dev/sdb1 (dm-0) & /dev/sdb2 (dm-1). What are they?

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  • Failing SSHFS connection drags down the system

    - by skerit
    From time to time my sshfs mount fails. All programs using the mount freeze when it happens. I can't even ls anything or use nautilus. Is there a way to find out what's the cause and how to handle it? I've noticed regular SSH sessions to the server get their fair share of Write failed: broken pipe disconnects, too. If I wait long enough (and I'm talking about 20-ish minutes, here) it will auto reconnect and things start working again.

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  • Access Derby for CDP Server

    - by Skudd
    I am working on a project that requires accessing the Derby database behind a CDP Backup Server. From what limited research I've been able to complete, I have found that it is possible to access Derby databases over TCP, but I'm at a complete loss for this. I'm looking to connect via PHP eventually, but first I need to know if this is at all possible with an out-of-the-box CDP server. Answers are, as always, appreciated. Thanks!

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  • What is the --daemon option?

    - by Pascal Dimassimo
    I was installing Solr with Jetty using these instructions. Basically, those instructions made you download the Jetty startup script and copy it to /etc/init.d/jetty. But it was not working. Each time I was starting Jetty, I had a "FAILED" message and nothing to understand why it was happening. I decided to open up the /etc/init.d/jetty script to understand what was happening. I saw that this script was using start-stop-daemon to launch jetty. After a couple of time of debugging, I discovered that removing the --daemon option at the end of the start-stop-daemon call was fixing my problem. I did a couple of research and discovered that this guy had the same problem and resolved it like I did: my removing the --daemon option. What is weird is that the switch does not seem to be specific to start-stop-daemon, because it is not documented in the man page. Also, I've seen it used for other commands. So what is that --daemon option doing? And why removing it resolved my problem? Note that I am working on Ubuntu 10.04.2 LTS.

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  • Crontab -- scheduling my backups

    - by Garfonzo
    I want to do a backup every Friday night (no, this is not the whole backup routine, just part of it). Each Friday night's backup will not be overwritten until 4 weeks later. So, essentially, I have a four revolving backups: Week1, week2, week3, and week4. Now, I need the week1 backup script to run every 4 weeks. But I also want week2's script to run every four weeks. I know that I can tell the crontab to execute something every X weeks/days/hours/whatever. However, how do I set it up so that each of these four scripts actually run on different weeks, how do I avoid all 4 scripts running on the same night, then dutifully waiting for weeks only to all run again? Thanks.

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  • php extensions & apache mods gone/not working after server restart?

    - by user1782359
    I was wondering if anyone has ever come across this before, as I'm pretty stumped to be honest, and my server admin knowledge isn't particular good so I'm not sure what could even be wrong, let alone how to fix it. Basically, Thursday last week everything was fine on our server. I come in on Friday and it's a mess: php extensions are missing/not working, apache modules are gone. (e.g. oci_* was gone completely, odbc_ not working but still there, the apache ntlm_auth for single sign on was gone and so the website wasn't even loading in IE). I'm ruling out anything deliberate because it's just incredibly unlikely. The only thing that really happened between thursday & friday is that on thursday evening one of the network guys did a RAM upgrade on the server and restarted it. That's it, nothing else. Now I'm wondering if somehow those extensions and such which we installed months ago were somehow only saved in a local memory of sorts, and a restart has wiped them? But we installed them all as root, so I don't see why it should be any different from installing anything else. It makes little/no sense to me. To expand on an example of something that's gone very wrong, the php odbc_ extension: It's still on the server, it doesn't return undefined function or anything. But it just cannot connect to the datasource any more. I've tested it through the command line and it's working perfectly fine with that datasource and login details, but all of a sudden having it in the php odbc_connect() function and it just can't connect. ( [S1000][unixODBC][FreeTDS][SQL Server]Unable to connect to data source. ) But unixODBC is set up fine. Like I say i've tested it all through the terminal and it can connect, and we've not changed anything, it's just now all of a sudden not working through the PHP function. Anyone have any ideas whatsoever as to what could be going on? This is on CentOS 5.x by the way.

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  • Ubuntu 64-bit vs 32-bit

    - by tukushan
    Is it worth installing the Ubuntu 9.10 64-bit version over the 32-bit x86 version? I will get the ability to address more than 4 GB of memory, but other than that, how does the 64-bit version fare in terms of performance and stability?

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  • How expensive is a hostname in htaccess? Other solutions possible?

    - by Nanne
    For easy allow or disallowing of dynamic IP-adresses you can add them as a hostname in a .htaccess file. As I have read from: .htaccess allow from hostname? it does a reverse lookup on the connecting ip address, seeing if the response matches the allowed name. (Well, actually Apache is doing a double lookup, first a reverse lookup and then a forward lookup on the result of the reverse.) This is the reason we are currently not using dynamic-ip hostnames in the .htaccess: this "sounds" quite heavy: 2 extra lookups for every request. Is this indeed quite heavy, and would a reasonably busy server that is rather looking for less then more load get away with this :)? (e.g.: how does this 'load' compare to the rest? If a request is 1000 times more expensive then the lookups it might be negligible. otoh, it could be that final straw :) ) Are there other solutions? I can write a script that does a lookup of the hostname and put it in .htaccess files ofcourse, but this feels a bit like a hack.

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