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• how to recover data from my disk - I accidentally copied with dd an iso on it

  - by sijoune

  I wanted to create a bootable usb from an iso image and i accidentally put as the output of the dd, instead of my usb drive, one of my hard disks. The iso was 3,3 GB and my disk is 1TB! And it was almost full. Can i at least restore the data that has not been overwritten? Right now i can't even mount it. I get this error: Error mounting /dev/sdd1 at /media/main/UDF Volume: Command-line `mount -t "udf" -o "uhelper=udisks2,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000,iocharset=utf8,umask=0077" "/dev/sdd1" "/media/main/UDF Volume"' exited with non-zero exit status 32: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdd1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so Also since i know which filesystem my disk used if i reformat it to this filesystem is there any chance i can mount it and retrieve the rest of the files?

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• "Undeleting" partition (NTFS) - recommendations?

  - by kagali-san

  So I have a drive which either suffered from hardware error or, possibly, got a little shock from badly configured Windows unattended install started on the same PC (the drive in question wasn't the install drive..). Quick exam shows that filesystem is seemingly intact, as some data recovery tools work with it (UnFormat rated it as "Excellent"). This may mean that a copy of partition table exists on disk, or a copy of MFT survived whatever happened, or.. Any idea how to restore partition tables/FS header, add a drive letter thus let Windows to mount the filesystem as if nothing happened? (I guess there must be tools of this kind)

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• Unity not Working 14.04

  - by Back.Slash

  I am using Ubuntu 14.04 LTS x64. I did a sudo apt-get upgrade yesterday and restarted my PC. Now my taskbar and panel are missing. When I try to restart Unity using unity --replace Then I get error: unity-panel-service stop/waiting compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: core compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: core unity-panel-service start/running, process 3906 compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: ccp compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: ccp compizconfig - Info: Backend : gsettings compizconfig - Info: Integration : true compizconfig - Info: Profile : unity compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: composite compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: composite compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: opengl compiz (core) - Info: Unity is fully supported by your hardware. compiz (core) - Info: Unity is fully supported by your hardware. compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: opengl libGL error: dlopen /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/i965_dri.so failed (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/i965_dri.so: undefined symbol: _glapi_tls_Dispatch) libGL error: dlopen ${ORIGIN}/dri/i965_dri.so failed (${ORIGIN}/dri/i965_dri.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory) libGL error: dlopen /usr/lib/dri/i965_dri.so failed (/usr/lib/dri/i965_dri.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory) libGL error: unable to load driver: i965_dri.so libGL error: driver pointer missing libGL error: failed to load driver: i965 libGL error: dlopen /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/swrast_dri.so failed (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/swrast_dri.so: undefined symbol: _glapi_tls_Dispatch) libGL error: dlopen ${ORIGIN}/dri/swrast_dri.so failed (${ORIGIN}/dri/swrast_dri.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory) libGL error: dlopen /usr/lib/dri/swrast_dri.so failed (/usr/lib/dri/swrast_dri.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory) libGL error: unable to load driver: swrast_dri.so libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: compiztoolbox compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: compiztoolbox compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: decor compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: decor compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: vpswitch compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: vpswitch compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: snap compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: snap compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: mousepoll compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: mousepoll compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: resize compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: resize compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: place compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: place compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: move compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: move compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: wall compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: wall compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: grid compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: grid compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: regex compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: regex compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: imgpng compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: imgpng compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: session compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: session I/O warning : failed to load external entity "/home/sumeet/.compiz/session/10de541a813cc1a8fc140170575114755000000020350005" compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: gnomecompat compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: gnomecompat compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: animation compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: animation compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: fade compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: fade compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: unitymtgrabhandles compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: unitymtgrabhandles compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: workarounds compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: workarounds compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: scale compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: scale compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: expo compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: expo compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: ezoom compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: ezoom compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: unityshell compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: unityshell WARN 2014-06-02 18:46:23 unity.glib.dbus.server GLibDBusServer.cpp:579 Can't register object 'org.gnome.Shell' yet as we don't have a connection, waiting for it... ERROR 2014-06-02 18:46:23 unity.debug.interface DebugDBusInterface.cpp:216 Unable to load entry point in libxpathselect: libxpathselect.so.1.4: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory compiz (unityshell) - Error: GL_ARB_vertex_buffer_object not supported ERROR 2014-06-02 18:46:23 unity.shell.compiz unityshell.cpp:3850 Impossible to delete the unity locked stamp file compiz (core) - Error: Plugin initScreen failed: unityshell compiz (core) - Error: Failed to start plugin: unityshell compiz (core) - Info: Unloading plugin: unityshell X Error of failed request: BadWindow (invalid Window parameter) Major opcode of failed request: 3 (X_GetWindowAttributes) Resource id in failed request: 0x3e000c9 Serial number of failed request: 10115 Current serial number in output stream: 10116 Any help would be highly appreciated. EDIT : My PC configuration description: Portable Computer product: Dell System XPS L502X (System SKUNumber) vendor: Dell Inc. version: 0.1 serial: 1006ZP1 width: 64 bits capabilities: smbios-2.6 dmi-2.6 vsyscall32 configuration: administrator_password=unknown boot=normal chassis=portable family=HuronRiver System frontpanel_password=unknown keyboard_password=unknown power-on_password=unknown sku=System SKUNumber uuid=44454C4C-3000-1030-8036-B1C04F5A5031 *-core description: Motherboard product: 0YR8NN vendor: Dell Inc. physical id: 0 version: A00 serial: .1006ZP1.CN4864314C0560. slot: Part Component *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: Dell Inc. physical id: 0 version: A11 date: 05/29/2012 size: 128KiB capacity: 2496KiB capabilities: pci pnp upgrade shadowing escd cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi usb ls120boot smartbattery biosbootspecification netboot *-cpu description: CPU product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2630QM CPU @ 2.00GHz vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 19 bus info: cpu@0 version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2630QM CPU @ 2.00GHz serial: Not Supported by CPU slot: CPU size: 800MHz capacity: 800MHz width: 64 bits clock: 100MHz capabilities: x86-64 fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx lahf_lm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dtherm tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid cpufreq configuration: cores=4 enabledcores=4 threads=8 *-cache:0 description: L1 cache physical id: 1a slot: L1-Cache size: 64KiB capacity: 64KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-through data *-cache:1 description: L2 cache physical id: 1b slot: L2-Cache size: 256KiB capacity: 256KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-through data *-cache:2 description: L3 cache physical id: 1c slot: L3-Cache size: 6MiB capacity: 6MiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 1d slot: System board or motherboard size: 6GiB *-bank:0 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) product: M471B5273DH0-CH9 vendor: Samsung physical id: 0 serial: 450F1160 slot: ChannelA-DIMM0 size: 4GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:1 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) product: HMT325S6BFR8C-H9 vendor: Hynix/Hyundai physical id: 1 serial: 0CA0E8E2 slot: ChannelB-DIMM0 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-pci description: Host bridge product: 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 100 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0 version: 09 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz *-pci:0 description: PCI bridge product: Xeon E3-1200/2nd Generation Core Processor Family PCI Express Root Port vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1 bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0 version: 09 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pm msi pciexpress normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:40 ioport:3000(size=4096) memory:f0000000-f10fffff ioport:c0000000(size=301989888) *-generic UNCLAIMED description: Unassigned class product: Illegal Vendor ID vendor: Illegal Vendor ID physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: ff width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: bus_master vga_palette cap_list configuration: latency=255 maxlatency=255 mingnt=255 resources: memory:f0000000-f0ffffff memory:c0000000-cfffffff memory:d0000000-d1ffffff ioport:3000(size=128) memory:f1000000-f107ffff *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 09 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=i915 latency=0 resources: irq:52 memory:f1400000-f17fffff memory:e0000000-efffffff ioport:4000(size=64) *-communication description: Communication controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 16 bus info: pci@0000:00:16.0 version: 04 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=mei_me latency=0 resources: irq:50 memory:f1c05000-f1c0500f *-usb:0 description: USB controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1a bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.0 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci-pci latency=0 resources: irq:16 memory:f1c09000-f1c093ff *-multimedia description: Audio device product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1b bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0 version: 05 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0 resources: irq:53 memory:f1c00000-f1c03fff *-pci:1 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0 version: b5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:16 *-pci:2 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.1 version: b5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:17 memory:f1b00000-f1bfffff *-network description: Wireless interface product: Centrino Wireless-N 1030 [Rainbow Peak] vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: mon.wlan0 version: 34 serial: bc:77:37:14:47:e5 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list logical wireless ethernet physical configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=3.13.0-27-generic firmware=18.168.6.1 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:51 memory:f1b00000-f1b01fff *-pci:3 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.3 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.3 version: b5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:19 memory:f1a00000-f1afffff *-usb description: USB controller product: uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller vendor: NEC Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:04:00.0 version: 04 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi msix pciexpress xhci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=xhci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:19 memory:f1a00000-f1a01fff *-pci:4 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 5 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.4 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.4 version: b5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:16 memory:f1900000-f19fffff *-pci:5 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 6 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.5 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.5 version: b5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:17 ioport:2000(size=4096) ioport:f1800000(size=1048576) *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:06:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 06 serial: 14:fe:b5:a3:ac:40 size: 1Gbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl_nic/rtl8168e-2.fw ip=172.19.167.151 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=1Gbit/s resources: irq:49 ioport:2000(size=256) memory:f1804000-f1804fff memory:f1800000-f1803fff *-usb:1 description: USB controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci-pci latency=0 resources: irq:23 memory:f1c08000-f1c083ff *-isa description: ISA bridge product: HM67 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: isa bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=lpc_ich latency=0 resources: irq:0 *-ide:0 description: IDE interface product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 4 port SATA IDE Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: ide pm bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ata_piix latency=0 resources: irq:19 ioport:40b8(size=8) ioport:40cc(size=4) ioport:40b0(size=8) ioport:40c8(size=4) ioport:4090(size=16) ioport:4080(size=16) *-serial UNCLAIMED description: SMBus product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.3 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3 version: 05 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:f1c04000-f1c040ff ioport:efa0(size=32) *-ide:1 description: IDE interface product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 2 port SATA IDE Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.5 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.5 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: ide pm bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ata_piix latency=0 resources: irq:19 ioport:40a8(size=8) ioport:40c4(size=4) ioport:40a0(size=8) ioport:40c0(size=4) ioport:4070(size=16) ioport:4060(size=16) *-scsi:0 physical id: 1 logical name: scsi0 capabilities: emulated *-disk description: ATA Disk product: SAMSUNG HN-M640M physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sda version: 2AR1 serial: S2T3J1KBC00006 size: 596GiB (640GB) capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos configuration: ansiversion=5 sectorsize=512 signature=6b746d91 *-volume:0 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1 logical name: /dev/sda1 version: 3.1 serial: 0272-3e7f size: 348MiB capacity: 350MiB capabilities: primary bootable ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2013-09-18 12:20:45 filesystem=ntfs label=System Reserved modified_by_chkdsk=true mounted_on_nt4=true resize_log_file=true state=dirty upgrade_on_mount=true *-volume:1 description: Extended partition physical id: 2 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2 logical name: /dev/sda2 size: 116GiB capacity: 116GiB capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended *-logicalvolume:0 description: Linux swap / Solaris partition physical id: 5 logical name: /dev/sda5 capacity: 6037MiB capabilities: nofs *-logicalvolume:1 description: Linux filesystem partition physical id: 6 logical name: /dev/sda6 logical name: / capacity: 110GiB configuration: mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered state=mounted *-volume:2 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 3 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,3 logical name: /dev/sda3 logical name: /media/os version: 3.1 serial: 4e7853ec-5555-a74d-82e0-9f49798d3772 size: 156GiB capacity: 156GiB capabilities: primary ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2013-09-19 09:19:00 filesystem=ntfs label=OS mount.fstype=fuseblk mount.options=ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096 state=mounted *-volume:3 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 4 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,4 logical name: /dev/sda4 logical name: /media/data version: 3.1 serial: 7666d55f-e1bf-e645-9791-2a1a31b24b9a size: 322GiB capacity: 322GiB capabilities: primary ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2013-09-17 23:27:01 filesystem=ntfs label=Data modified_by_chkdsk=true mount.fstype=fuseblk mount.options=rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096 mounted_on_nt4=true resize_log_file=true state=mounted upgrade_on_mount=true *-scsi:1 physical id: 2 logical name: scsi1 capabilities: emulated *-cdrom description: DVD-RAM writer product: DVD+-RW GT32N vendor: HL-DT-ST physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@1:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/sr0 version: A201 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc *-battery product: DELL vendor: SANYO physical id: 1 version: 2008 serial: 1.0 slot: Rear capacity: 57720mWh configuration: voltage=11.1V `

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• How do I align my partition table properly?

  - by Jorge Castro

  I am in the process of building my first RAID5 array. I've used mdadm to create the following set up: root@bondigas:~# mdadm --detail /dev/md1 /dev/md1: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Wed Oct 20 20:00:41 2010 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 5860543488 (5589.05 GiB 6001.20 GB) Used Dev Size : 1953514496 (1863.02 GiB 2000.40 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Preferred Minor : 1 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Wed Oct 20 20:13:48 2010 State : clean, degraded, recovering Active Devices : 3 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 64K Rebuild Status : 1% complete UUID : f6dc829e:aa29b476:edd1ef19:85032322 (local to host bondigas) Events : 0.12 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb 1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc 2 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd 4 8 64 3 spare rebuilding /dev/sde While that's going I decided to format the beast with the following command: root@bondigas:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md1p1 mke2fs 1.41.11 (14-Mar-2010) /dev/md1p1 alignment is offset by 63488 bytes. This may result in very poor performance, (re)-partitioning suggested. Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=16 blocks, Stripe width=48 blocks 97853440 inodes, 391394047 blocks 19569702 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=0 11945 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848 Writing inode tables: ^C 27/11945 root@bondigas:~# ^C I am unsure what to do about "/dev/md1p1 alignment is offset by 63488 bytes." and how to properly partition the disks to match so I can format it properly.

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• Programming concepts taken from the arts and humanities

  - by Joey Adams

  After reading Paul Graham's essay Hackers and Painters and Joel Spolsky's Advice for Computer Science College Students, I think I've finally gotten it through my thick skull that I should not be loath to work hard in academic courses that aren't "programming" or "computer science" courses. To quote the former: I've found that the best sources of ideas are not the other fields that have the word "computer" in their names, but the other fields inhabited by makers. Painting has been a much richer source of ideas than the theory of computation. — Paul Graham, "Hackers and Painters" There are certainly other, much stronger reasons to work hard in the "boring" classes. However, it'd also be neat to know that these classes may someday inspire me in programming. My question is: what are some specific examples where ideas from literature, art, humanities, philosophy, and other fields made their way into programming? In particular, ideas that weren't obviously applied the way they were meant to (like most math and domain-specific knowledge), but instead gave utterance or inspiration to a program's design and choice of names. Good examples: The term endian comes from Gulliver's Travels by Tom Swift (see here), where it refers to the trivial matter of which side people crack open their eggs. The terms journal and transaction refer to nearly identical concepts in both filesystem design and double-entry bookkeeping (financial accounting). mkfs.ext2 even says: Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done Off-topic: Learning to write English well is important, as it enables a programmer to document and evangelize his/her software, as well as appear competent to other programmers online. Trigonometry is used in 2D and 3D games to implement rotation and direction aspects. Knowing finance will come in handy if you want to write an accounting package. Knowing XYZ will come in handy if you want to write an XYZ package. Arguably on-topic: The Monad class in Haskell is based on a concept by the same name from category theory. Actually, Monads in Haskell are monads in the category of Haskell types and functions. Whatever that means...

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• Fixing unbootable installation on LVM root from Desktop LiveCD

  - by intuited

  I just did an installation from the 10.10 Desktop LiveCD, making the root volume an LVM LV. Apparently this is not supported; I managed it by taking these steps before starting the GUI installer app: installing the lvm2 package on the running system creating an LVM-type partition on the system hard drive creating a physical volume, a volume group and a root LV using the LVM tools. I also created a second LV for /var; this I don't think is relevant. creating a filesystem (ext4) on each of the two LVs. After taking these steps, the GUI installer offered the two LVs as installation targets; I gladly accepted, also putting /boot on a primary partition separate from the LVM partition. Installation seemed to go smoothly, and I've verified that both the root and var volumes do contain acceptable-looking directory structures. However, booting fails; if I understood correctly what happened, I was dropped into a busybox running in the initrd filesystem. Although I haven't worked through the entirety of the grub2 docs yet, it looks like the entry that tries to boot my new system is correct: menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-22-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set $UUID_OF_BOOT_FILESYSTEM linux /vmlinuz-2.6.35-22-generic root=/dev/mapper/$LVM_VOLUME_GROUP-root ro quiet splash initrd /initrd.img-2.6.35-22-generic } Note that $VARS are replaced in the actual grub.cfg with their corresponding values. I rebooted back into the livecd and have unpacked the initrd image into a temp directory. It looks like the initrd image lacks LVM functionality. For example, if I'm reading /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/lvm2 (installed with lvm2 on the livecd-booted system, not present on the installed one) correctly, an lvm executable should be situated in /sbin; that is not the case. What's the best way to remedy this situation? I realize that it would be easier to just use the alternate install CD, which apparently supports LVM, but I don't want to wait for it to download and then have to reinstall.

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• Is there a Generic USB TouchScreen Driver 12.04?

  - by lbjoum

  Is there a Generic USB TouchScreen Driver 12.04? Device 03eb:201c I've been looking for 4 days solid (not very skilled) and can't find a solution. I have a generic tablet: C97- Atom N2600 9.7" 2GB 32GB Bluetooth WiFi WebCam Ext.3G Windows 7 Tablet PC Using 12.04 and cannot find a driver. I installed android and the touchscreen works but still lots of other bugs. Oh well, stuck with Windows 7 and not happy about it. Will keep trying, but too much time wasted already. If you have a solution I would love to try it. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ lsusb Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0cf2:6238 ENE Technology, Inc. Bus 001 Device 003: ID 1a40:0101 Terminus Technology Inc. 4-Port HUB Bus 001 Device 005: ID 05e1:0100 Syntek Semiconductor Co., Ltd 802.11g + Bluetooth Wireless Adapter Bus 001 Device 006: ID 090c:3731 Silicon Motion, Inc. - Taiwan (formerly Feiya Technology Corp.) Bus 003 Device 002: ID 03eb:201c Atmel Corp. at90usbkey sample firmware (HID mouse) (from Windows: HID\VID_03EB&PID_201C\6&5F38127&0&0000 USB\VID_03EB&PID_201C\5&193ADADC&1&2 ) Bus 001 Device 007: ID 0518:0001 EzKEY Corp. USB to PS2 Adaptor v1.09 Bus 001 Device 008: ID 192f:0916 Avago Technologies, Pte. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo lsusb -v Bus 003 Device 002: ID 03eb:201c Atmel Corp. at90usbkey sample firmware (HID mouse) Device Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 1 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level) bDeviceSubClass 0 bDeviceProtocol 0 bMaxPacketSize0 32 idVendor 0x03eb Atmel Corp. idProduct 0x201c at90usbkey sample firmware (HID mouse) bcdDevice 45.a2 iManufacturer 1 CDT iProduct 2 9.75 iSerial 0 bNumConfigurations 1 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 34 bNumInterfaces 1 bConfigurationValue 1 iConfiguration 0 bmAttributes 0x00 (Missing must-be-set bit!) (Bus Powered) MaxPower 100mA Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 3 Human Interface Device bInterfaceSubClass 0 No Subclass bInterfaceProtocol 0 None iInterface 0 HID Device Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 33 bcdHID 1.11 bCountryCode 0 Not supported bNumDescriptors 1 bDescriptorType 34 Report wDescriptorLength 177 Report Descriptors: ** UNAVAILABLE ** Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 3 Transfer Type Interrupt Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0020 1x 32 bytes bInterval 5 Device Status: 0x00fb Self Powered Remote Wakeup Enabled Debug Mode ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo lshw ubuntu description: Notebook product: To be filled by O.E.M. (To be filled by O.E.M.) vendor: To be filled by O.E.M. version: To be filled by O.E.M. serial: To be filled by O.E.M. width: 32 bits capabilities: smbios-2.7 dmi-2.7 smp-1.4 smp configuration: boot=normal chassis=notebook cpus=2 family=To be filled by O.E.M. sku=To be filled by O.E.M. uuid=00020003-0004-0005-0006-000700080009 *-core description: Motherboard product: Tiger Hill vendor: INTEL Corporation physical id: 0 version: To be filled by O.E.M. serial: To be filled by O.E.M. slot: To be filled by O.E.M. *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: American Megatrends Inc. physical id: 0 version: 4.6.5 date: 08/24/2012 size: 64KiB capacity: 960KiB capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb biosbootspecification *-cpu:0 description: CPU product: Intel(R) Atom(TM) CPU N2600 @ 1.60GHz vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 4 bus info: cpu@0 version: 6.6.1 serial: 0003-0661-0000-0000-0000-0000 slot: CPU 1 size: 1600MHz capacity: 1600MHz width: 64 bits clock: 400MHz capabilities: x86-64 boot fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm movbe lahf_lm arat configuration: cores=2 enabledcores=1 id=2 threads=2 *-cache:0 description: L1 cache physical id: 5 slot: L1-Cache size: 24KiB capacity: 24KiB capabilities: internal write-back unified *-cache:1 description: L2 cache physical id: 6 slot: L2-Cache size: 512KiB capacity: 512KiB capabilities: internal varies unified *-logicalcpu:0 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.1 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:1 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.2 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:2 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.3 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:3 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.4 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 28 slot: System board or motherboard size: 2GiB *-bank:0 description: SODIMM [empty] product: [Empty] vendor: [Empty] physical id: 0 serial: [Empty] slot: DIMM0 *-bank:1 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns) vendor: 69 physical id: 1 serial: 00000210 slot: DIMM1 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 800MHz (1.2ns) *-cpu:1 physical id: 1 bus info: cpu@1 version: 6.6.1 serial: 0003-0661-0000-0000-0000-0000 size: 1600MHz capabilities: ht configuration: id=2 *-logicalcpu:0 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.1 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:1 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.2 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:2 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.3 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:3 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.4 capabilities: logical *-pci description: Host bridge product: Atom Processor D2xxx/N2xxx DRAM Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 100 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz *-display UNCLAIMED description: VGA compatible controller product: Atom Processor D2xxx/N2xxx Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 09 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi vga_controller bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:dfe00000-dfefffff ioport:f100(size=8) *-multimedia description: Audio device product: N10/ICH 7 Family High Definition Audio Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1b bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0 version: 02 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0 resources: irq:42 memory:dff00000-dff03fff *-pci:0 description: PCI bridge product: N10/ICH 7 Family PCI Express Port 1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0 version: 02 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:40 ioport:2000(size=4096) memory:80000000-801fffff ioport:80200000(size=2097152) *-usb:0 description: USB controller product: N10/ICH 7 Family USB UHCI Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0 version: 02 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: uhci bus_master configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:23 ioport:f0a0(size=32) *-usb:1 description: USB controller product: N10/ICH 7 Family USB UHCI Controller #2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.1 version: 02 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: uhci bus_master configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:19 ioport:f080(size=32) *-usb:2 description: USB controller product: N10/ICH 7 Family USB UHCI Controller #3 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.2 version: 02 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: uhci bus_master configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:18 ioport:f060(size=32) *-usb:3 description: USB controller product: N10/ICH 7 Family USB UHCI Controller #4 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d.3 bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.3 version: 02 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: uhci bus_master configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:16 ioport:f040(size=32) *-usb:4 description: USB controller product: N10/ICH 7 Family USB2 EHCI Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d.7 bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.7 version: 02 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:23 memory:dff05000-dff053ff *-pci:1 description: PCI bridge product: 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1e bus info: pci@0000:00:1e.0 version: e2 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci subtractive_decode bus_master cap_list *-isa description: ISA bridge product: NM10 Family LPC Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0 version: 02 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: isa bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 *-storage description: SATA controller product: N10/ICH7 Family SATA Controller [AHCI mode] vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2 logical name: scsi0 version: 02 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: storage msi pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list emulated configuration: driver=ahci latency=0 resources: irq:41 ioport:f0f0(size=8) ioport:f0e0(size=4) ioport:f0d0(size=8) ioport:f0c0(size=4) ioport:f020(size=16) memory:dff04000-dff043ff *-disk description: ATA Disk product: BIWIN SSD physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sda version: 1206 serial: 123403501060 size: 29GiB (32GB) capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=8fbe402b *-volume:0 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1 logical name: /dev/sda1 version: 3.1 serial: 249bde5d-8246-9a40-88c7-2d5e3bcaf692 size: 19GiB capacity: 19GiB capabilities: primary bootable ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2011-04-04 02:27:51 filesystem=ntfs state=clean *-volume:1 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 2 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2 logical name: /dev/sda2 version: 3.1 serial: de12d40f-d5ca-8642-b306-acd9349fda1a size: 10231MiB capacity: 10GiB capabilities: primary ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2011-04-04 01:52:26 filesystem=ntfs state=clean *-serial UNCLAIMED description: SMBus product: N10/ICH 7 Family SMBus Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.3 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3 version: 02 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: latency=0 resources: ioport:f000(size=32) *-scsi:0 physical id: 2 bus info: usb@1:1 logical name: scsi4 capabilities: emulated scsi-host configuration: driver=usb-storage *-disk description: SCSI Disk physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sdb size: 29GiB (31GB) capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos configuration: signature=00017463 *-volume description: Windows FAT volume vendor: mkdosfs physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0,1 logical name: /dev/sdb1 logical name: /cdrom version: FAT32 serial: 129b-4f87 size: 29GiB capacity: 29GiB capabilities: primary bootable fat initialized configuration: FATs=2 filesystem=fat mount.fstype=vfat mount.options=rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=cp437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro state=mounted *-scsi:1 physical id: 3 bus info: usb@1:3.1 logical name: scsi6 capabilities: emulated scsi-host configuration: driver=usb-storage *-disk description: SCSI Disk physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@6:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sdc size: 7400MiB (7759MB) capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos configuration: signature=c3072e18 *-volume description: Windows FAT volume vendor: mkdosfs physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@6:0.0.0,1 logical name: /dev/sdc1 logical name: /media/JOUM8G version: FAT32 serial: e676-9311 size: 7394MiB capacity: 7394MiB capabilities: primary bootable fat initialized configuration: FATs=2 filesystem=fat label=Android mount.fstype=vfat mount.options=rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=999,gid=999,fmask=0022,dmask=0077,codepage=cp437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,showexec,utf8,flush,errors=remount-ro state=mounted ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ xinput list ? Virtual core pointer id=2 [master pointer (3)] ? ? Virtual core XTEST pointer id=4 [slave pointer (2)] ? ? Plus More Enterprise LTD. USB-compliant keyboard id=10 [slave pointer (2)] ? ? USB Optical Mouse id=11 [slave pointer (2)] ? Virtual core keyboard id=3 [master keyboard (2)] ? Virtual core XTEST keyboard id=5 [slave keyboard (3)] ? Power Button id=6 [slave keyboard (3)] ? Power Button id=7 [slave keyboard (3)] ? Sleep Button id=8 [slave keyboard (3)] ? Plus More Enterprise LTD. USB-compliant keyboard id=9 [slave keyboard (3)] ? USB 2.0 Webcam - Front id=12 [slave keyboard (3)] ? AT Translated Set 2 keyboard id=13 [slave keyboard (3)] ubuntu@ubuntu:~$

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• Can't shrink Windows Boot NTFS disk: ERROR(5): Could not map attribute 0x80 in inode, Input/output error

  - by arcyqwerty

  Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, all updates current as of 7/3/2012 gksudo gparted Shrink /dev/sda2 from 367GB to 307GB GParted 0.11.0 --enable-libparted-dmraid Libparted 2.3 Shrink /dev/sda2 from 367.00 GiB to 307.00 GiB 00:32:57 ( ERROR ) calibrate /dev/sda2 00:00:00 ( SUCCESS ) path: /dev/sda2 start: 20,484,096 end: 790,142,975 size: 769,658,880 (367.00 GiB) check file system on /dev/sda2 for errors and (if possible) fix them 00:00:53 ( SUCCESS ) ntfsresize -P -i -f -v /dev/sda2 ntfsresize v2012.1.15AR.1 (libntfs-3g) Device name : /dev/sda2 NTFS volume version: 3.1 Cluster size : 4096 bytes Current volume size: 394065338880 bytes (394066 MB) Current device size: 394065346560 bytes (394066 MB) Checking for bad sectors ... Checking filesystem consistency ... Accounting clusters ... Space in use : 327950 MB (83.2%) Collecting resizing constraints ... Estimating smallest shrunken size supported ... File feature Last used at By inode $MFT : 389998 MB 0 Multi-Record : 394061 MB 386464 $MFTMirr : 314823 MB 1 Compressed : 394064 MB 1019521 Sparse : 330887 MB 752454 Ordinary : 393297 MB 706060 You might resize at 327949758464 bytes or 327950 MB (freeing 66116 MB). Please make a test run using both the -n and -s options before real resizing! shrink file system 00:32:04 ( ERROR ) run simulation 00:32:04 ( ERROR ) ntfsresize -P --force --force /dev/sda2 -s 329640837119 --no-action ntfsresize v2012.1.15AR.1 (libntfs-3g) Device name : /dev/sda2 NTFS volume version: 3.1 Cluster size : 4096 bytes Current volume size: 394065338880 bytes (394066 MB) Current device size: 394065346560 bytes (394066 MB) New volume size : 329640829440 bytes (329641 MB) Checking filesystem consistency ... Accounting clusters ... Space in use : 327950 MB (83.2%) Collecting resizing constraints ... Needed relocations : 13300525 (54479 MB) Schedule chkdsk for NTFS consistency check at Windows boot time ... Resetting $LogFile ... (this might take a while) Relocating needed data ... Updating $BadClust file ... Updating $Bitmap file ... ERROR(5): Could not map attribute 0x80 in inode 1667593: Input/output error ======================================== Windows has run chkdsk successfully (on boot) several times now

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• Drivers for NVIDIA 520M not working in Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Don

  I am aware that this is nominally a duplicate question, however I've read the other questions and haven't been able to resolve my problem after many hours and attempts, so please don't delete it. Additionally, it seems like many answers to the other questions are specifically dependent on certain situations. My situation being different from the others I found represented, here's my question. Until last night, I had Ubuntu 12.04 installed with Wubi, and it ran ok, though slowly and with occasional hangs. So I partitioned the drive and installed 12.04 in its own partition. Now when I start it, I am stuck using 2D. I believe this is an NVIDIA bug. My NVIDIA card is a GT 520M and my machine has Optimus. Additional Drivers only displays my wireless driver. Going to System Settings Details Graphics shows Driver:Unknown, Experience:Standard. I downloaded the driver from the NVIDIA website, and ran the installer with no errors, except that the "distribution-provided pre-install script failed". After rebooting, my screen was stuck at 640X480, which was fixed by editing /etc/X11/xorg.conf However, I still was stuck in 2D, and nothing else had changed either. A thread suggested something called Bumblebee. I tried that, and when I ran optirun firefoxI got a frozen blank screen. Following another suggestion, I checked the BIOS to try and disable Optimus. I found and ran myriad other commands to try and fix the problem and nothing changed. Now I have just done a clean re-install of Ubuntu. From there, I: Installed all the updates Downloaded the NVIDIA driver Installed it Got screen stuck at 640X480, fixed in xorg.conf. To recap the problem: I can't get the NVIDIA drivers working I am stuck using 2D I'm an idiot I think if the first one is solved, the solution to the second will naturally follow. If you need me to provide any other information, I'd be happy to. From what I've seen in other threads, I think this information may help: lsmod: dh@donsMachine:~$ lsmod Module Size Used by nvidia 12353161 0 snd_hda_codec_hdmi 32474 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek 223867 1 joydev 17693 0 parport_pc 32866 0 ppdev 17113 0 rfcomm 47604 0 bnep 18281 2 bluetooth 180104 10 rfcomm,bnep snd_hda_intel 33773 3 snd_hda_codec 127706 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 13668 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 97188 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec uvcvideo 72627 0 videodev 98259 1 uvcvideo v4l2_compat_ioctl32 17128 1 videodev snd_seq_midi 13324 0 snd_rawmidi 30748 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 61896 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event lib80211_crypt_tkip 17390 0 wl 2568210 0 lib80211 14381 2 lib80211_crypt_tkip,wl snd_timer 29990 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd_seq_device 14540 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq snd 78855 16 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device psmouse 87692 0 serio_raw 13211 0 i915 468745 2 soundcore 15091 1 snd snd_page_alloc 18529 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm drm_kms_helper 46978 1 i915 drm 242038 3 i915,drm_kms_helper mei 41616 0 i2c_algo_bit 13423 1 i915 mxm_wmi 12979 0 acer_wmi 28418 0 sparse_keymap 13890 1 acer_wmi video 19596 1 i915 wmi 19256 2 mxm_wmi,acer_wmi mac_hid 13253 0 lp 17799 0 parport 46562 3 parport_pc,ppdev,lp tg3 152032 0 sdhci_pci 18826 0 sdhci 33205 1 sdhci_pci lspci -nn | grep VGA dh@donsMachine:~$ lspci -nn | grep VGA 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:0116] (rev 09) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation Device [10de:0df7] (rev a1) lshw dh@donsMachine:~$ sudo lshw [sudo] password for dh: donsmachine description: Notebook product: EasyNote TS44HR () vendor: Packard Bell version: V1.12 serial: LXBWZ02017134209D71601 width: 64 bits capabilities: smbios-2.7 dmi-2.7 vsyscall32 configuration: boot=normal chassis=notebook uuid=16FE576B-CA15-11E0-B096-B870F4E51243 *-core description: Motherboard product: SJV50_HR vendor: Packard Bell physical id: 0 version: Base Board Version serial: Base Board Serial Number slot: Base Board Chassis Location *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: Packard Bell physical id: 0 version: V1.12 date: 07/11/2011 size: 1MiB capacity: 2496KiB capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppynec int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int9keyboard int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 1b slot: System board or motherboard size: 4GiB *-bank:0 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) product: NT2GC64B88B0NS-CG vendor: Nanya Technology physical id: 0 serial: 598E126E slot: ChannelA-DIMM0 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:1 description: DIMM [empty] physical id: 1 slot: ChannelA-DIMM1 *-bank:2 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) product: NT2GC64B88B0NS-CG vendor: Nanya Technology physical id: 2 serial: 159E126C slot: ChannelB-DIMM0 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:3 description: DIMM [empty] physical id: 3 slot: ChannelB-DIMM1 *-cpu description: CPU product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-2330M CPU @ 2.20GHz vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 2e bus info: cpu@0 version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-2330M CPU @ 2.20GHz slot: CPU1 size: 2GHz capacity: 4GHz width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz capabilities: x86-64 fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer xsave avx lahf_lm arat epb xsaveopt pln pts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid cpufreq configuration: cores=2 enabledcores=2 threads=4 *-cache:0 description: L1 cache physical id: 30 slot: L1 Cache size: 32KiB capacity: 32KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-through instruction *-cache:1 description: L2 cache physical id: 31 slot: L2 Cache size: 256KiB capacity: 256KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-through unified *-cache:2 description: L3 cache physical id: 32 slot: L3 Cache size: 3MiB capacity: 3MiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-through unified *-cache description: L1 cache physical id: 2f slot: L1 Cache size: 32KiB capacity: 32KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-through data *-pci description: Host bridge product: 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 100 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0 version: 09 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: driver=agpgart-intel resources: irq:0 *-pci:0 description: PCI bridge product: Xeon E3-1200/2nd Generation Core Processor Family PCI Express Root Port vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1 bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0 version: 09 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pm msi pciexpress normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:40 ioport:2000(size=4096) memory:d0000000-d10fffff ioport:a0000000(size=301989888) *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: NVIDIA Corporation vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: a1 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=nvidia latency=0 resources: irq:16 memory:d0000000-d0ffffff memory:a0000000-afffffff memory:b0000000-b1ffffff ioport:2000(size=128) memory:d1000000-d107ffff *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 09 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=i915 latency=0 resources: irq:43 memory:d1400000-d17fffff memory:c0000000-cfffffff ioport:3000(size=64) *-communication description: Communication controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 16 bus info: pci@0000:00:16.0 version: 04 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=mei latency=0 resources: irq:42 memory:d1a04000-d1a0400f *-usb:0 description: USB controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1a bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.0 version: 04 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:16 memory:d1a0a000-d1a0a3ff *-multimedia description: Audio device product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1b bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0 version: 04 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0 resources: irq:44 memory:d1a00000-d1a03fff *-pci:1 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0 version: b4 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:17 memory:9fb00000-9fbfffff ioport:d1800000(size=1048576) *-network description: Ethernet interface product: NetLink BCM57785 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 10 serial: b8:70:f4:e5:12:43 capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi msix pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=tg3 driverversion=3.121 firmware=sb latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair resources: irq:16 memory:d1830000-d183ffff memory:d1840000-d184ffff memory:d1850000-d18507ff *-generic:0 description: SD Host controller product: NetXtreme BCM57765 Memory Card Reader vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0.1 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.1 version: 10 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=sdhci-pci latency=0 resources: irq:17 memory:d1800000-d180ffff *-generic:1 UNCLAIMED description: System peripheral product: Broadcom Corporation vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0.2 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.2 version: 10 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:d1810000-d181ffff *-generic:2 UNCLAIMED description: System peripheral product: Broadcom Corporation vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0.3 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.3 version: 10 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:d1820000-d182ffff *-pci:2 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.1 version: b4 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:16 memory:d1900000-d19fffff *-network description: Wireless interface product: BCM43225 802.11b/g/n vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: eth1 version: 01 serial: 68:a3:c4:44:81:96 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=wl0 driverversion=5.100.82.38 ip=192.168.0.12 latency=0 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:17 memory:d1900000-d1903fff *-usb:1 description: USB controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0 version: 04 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:23 memory:d1a09000-d1a093ff *-isa description: ISA bridge product: HM65 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0 version: 04 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: isa bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 *-storage description: SATA controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port SATA AHCI Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2 logical name: scsi0 logical name: scsi1 version: 04 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: storage msi pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list emulated configuration: driver=ahci latency=0 resources: irq:41 ioport:3098(size=8) ioport:30bc(size=4) ioport:3090(size=8) ioport:30b8(size=4) ioport:3060(size=32) memory:d1a08000-d1a087ff *-disk description: ATA Disk product: ST9500325AS vendor: Seagate physical id: 0 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sda version: 0001 serial: S2W1AMSX size: 465GiB (500GB) capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=a45f21e9 *-volume:0 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1 logical name: /dev/sda1 version: 3.1 serial: 46aa-2a25 size: 19GiB capacity: 20GiB capabilities: primary ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2011-08-25 21:32:00 filesystem=ntfs label=PQSERVICE state=clean *-volume:1 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 2 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2 logical name: /dev/sda2 version: 3.1 serial: 10aa-ad1a size: 98MiB capacity: 100MiB capabilities: primary bootable ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2011-08-25 21:32:03 filesystem=ntfs label=SYSTEM RESERVED state=clean *-volume:2 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 3 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,3 logical name: /dev/sda3 version: 3.1 serial: 668c5afc-182e-ff4b-b084-3cc09f54972d size: 395GiB capacity: 395GiB capabilities: primary ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2011-08-25 21:32:03 filesystem=ntfs label=Don's Machine state=clean *-volume:3 description: Extended partition physical id: 4 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,4 logical name: /dev/sda4 size: 49GiB capacity: 49GiB capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended *-logicalvolume:0 description: Linux swap / Solaris partition physical id: 5 logical name: /dev/sda5 capacity: 3945MiB capabilities: nofs *-logicalvolume:1 description: Linux filesystem partition physical id: 6 logical name: /dev/sda6 logical name: / capacity: 46GiB configuration: mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,user_xattr,barrier=1,data=ordered state=mounted *-cdrom description: DVD-RAM writer product: DVD-RW DVRTD11RS vendor: PIONEER physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@1:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/cdrw logical name: /dev/dvd logical name: /dev/dvdrw logical name: /dev/sr0 version: 1.01 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc *-serial UNCLAIMED description: SMBus product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.3 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3 version: 04 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:d1a06000-d1a060ff ioport:3040(size=32) *-power UNCLAIMED description: OEM_Define1 product: OEM_Define5 vendor: OEM_Define2 physical id: 1 version: OEM_Define6 serial: OEM_Define3 capacity: 75mWh *-battery description: Lithium Ion Battery product: CRB Battery 0 vendor: -Virtual Battery 0- physical id: 2 version: 10/12/2007 serial: Battery 0 slot: Fake

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• Fix corrupt NTFS partition without Windows

  - by Capt.Nemo

  MY NTFS Partition has gotten corrupt somehow (it's a relic from the days when I had Windows installed). I'm putting the debug output of fdisk and blkid here. At the same time, any OS is unable to mount my root partition, which is located next to my NTFS partition. I'm not sure if this has anything to do with it, though. I get the following error while trying to mount my root partition (sda5) mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sda5, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ dmesg | tail [ 1019.726530] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex): [ 1019.726533] 72 03 11 04 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00 [ 1019.726551] 1a 3e ed 92 [ 1019.726558] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed [ 1019.726568] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 1a 3e ed 40 00 01 00 00 [ 1019.726584] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 440331666 [ 1019.726602] JBD: Failed to read block at offset 462 [ 1019.726609] ata1: EH complete [ 1019.726612] JBD: recovery failed [ 1019.726617] EXT4-fs (sda5): error loading journal When I open gparted (using live CD), I get an exclamation next to my NTFS drive which states Is there a way to run chkdsk without using windows ? My attempt to run fsck results in the following : ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fsck /dev/sda fsck from util-linux-ng 2.17.2 e2fsck 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) fsck.ext2: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks... fsck.ext2: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sda The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock: e2fsck -b 8193 <device> Update : I was able to fix the NTFS partition running chkdsk off HBCD, but it seems that the superblock problem still remains. *Update 2: * Fixed superblock issue using e2fsck -c /dev/sda5

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• Out of space despite lots of free space remaining

  - by Kristian Thomsen

  When upgrading Ubuntu from 11.10 to 12.04 I discovered an unexpected problem. The upgrade was stopped because there wasn't enough free space for the installation. I managed to free some space and do the upgrade but now a prompt appears after logging in saying I'm out of space. This prompt asks me if I want to examine the problem. The "Disk Usage Analyser" is opened. In the top it says: Total filesystem capacity: 47.0 GB (used: 13.5 GB available: 33.4 GB) Folder -- Usage -- Size / -- 100% -- 12.5 GB usr -- 44.8 % -- 5.6 GB home -- 30.3 % -- 3.8 GB lib -- 13.0 % -- 1.6 GB var -- 9.1 % -- 1.1 GB boot 2.5 % 309.5 GB and a lot of small contributors like: etc, opt, sbin, bin etc. I do not really understand this problem since the analyser in the top says that I have 33.4 GB left in this file system. What can I do to make Ubuntu use the remaining space? Running df -i in the terminal gives: Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/sda7 610800 576874 33926 95% / udev 213451 563 212888 1% /dev tmpfs 218524 486 218038 1% /run none 218524 3 218521 1% /run/lock none 218524 7 218517 1% /run/shm /dev/sda8 2264752 16371 2248381 1% /home What does this mean?

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• Disk space suddenly 100% used?

  - by dannymcc

  I'm trying to identify why, suddenly, 100% of our disk space is in use. I have already rebooted but the issue persists. Here are the outputs of some commands that are showing some strange (for me) results: danny@hydrogen:~$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 130G 122G 949M 100% / none 1.9G 196K 1.9G 1% /dev none 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm none 2.0G 40K 2.0G 1% /var/run none 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /var/lock none 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /lib/init/rw danny@hydrogen:/$ sudo du -chs / du: cannot access `/proc/1662/task/1662/fd/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `/proc/1662/task/1662/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `/proc/1662/fd/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `/proc/1662/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory danny@hydrogen:/$ df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 135342296 128144108 323104 100% / none 1991336 196 1991140 1% /dev none 1995788 0 1995788 0% /dev/shm none 1995788 40 1995748 1% /var/run none 1995788 0 1995788 0% /var/lock none 1995788 0 1995788 0% /lib/init/rw danny@hydrogen:/$ mount /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) none on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) none on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) none on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) none on /var/run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) none on /var/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) danny@hydrogen:/$ sudo du -h --max-depth=1 634M ./premvet_sync 5.6M ./etc 4.0K ./opt 16K ./lost+found 7.4M ./bin 623M ./lib 196K ./dev 0 ./sys 4.0K ./srv 4.0K ./cdrom 8.0K ./media 52K ./tmp ... it hangs for ages here..... The server is running Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS. System load: 2.85 Temperature: 8 C Usage of /: 94.7% of 129.07GB Processes: 132 Memory usage: 39% Users logged in: 0 Swap usage: 0% IP address for eth0: 192.168.1.124 => / is using 94.7% of 129.07GB I'm struggling to comprehend why this is happening! Any pointers would be appreciated.

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• How to get rid of devices in the right panel of Nautilus ?

  - by Patryk

  I would like to rid of not mounted ntfs partition from Nautilus' right panel ( I just want 352 GB Filesystem - d drive to be there. First of all 352 GB Filesystem is in fact d so I do not know why it is duplicated. Secondly I have put Acer and SYSTEM RESERVED to be nouser mounts on purpose, so that I (or sombody else) will not format it (or else) by accident. So my /etc/fstab looks like this : #comments....... # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 UUID=1384cee0-6a71-4b83-b0d3-1338db925168 / ext4 noatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1 UUID=e3729117-b936-4c1d-9883-aee73dab6729 none swap sw 0 0 #------ MY WINDOWS D DRIVE---------- UUID=98E8B14DE8B12A80 /media/d ntfs defaults,errors=remount-ro,user 0 0 # #-------ACER---------------- UUID=01CBEA9D4476C2F0 /media/acer ntfs defaults,noauto,noexec,ro,nouser 0 0 # #-------SYSTEM RESERVED----- UUID=01CBEA95760F9330 /media/systemreserved ntfs defaults,noauto,noexec,ro,nouser 0 0 #UUID=58F9-C17E /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 1 blkid and fdisk -l root@XXX:/home/YYY# fdisk -l ... Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 4096 27262975 13629440 27 Hidden NTFS WinRE /dev/sda2 27262992 27467791 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 27467792 232267775 102399992 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 232267793 976771071 372251639+ f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda5 232267795 918867967 343300086+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda6 * 918870016 968044543 24587264 83 Linux /dev/sda7 968046592 976771071 4362240 82 Linux swap / Solaris root@XXX:/home/YYY# blkid /dev/sda1: LABEL="PQSERVICE" UUID="01CBEA95730D28A0" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda2: LABEL="SYSTEM RESERVED" UUID="01CBEA95760F9330" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda3: LABEL="Acer" UUID="01CBEA9D4476C2F0" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda5: UUID="98E8B14DE8B12A80" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda6: UUID="1384cee0-6a71-4b83-b0d3-1338db925168" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda7: UUID="e3729117-b936-4c1d-9883-aee73dab6729" TYPE="swap"

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• How do I align my partition table properly?

  - by Jorge Castro

  I am in the process of building my first RAID5 array. I've used mdadm to create the following set up: root@bondigas:~# mdadm --detail /dev/md1 /dev/md1: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Wed Oct 20 20:00:41 2010 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 5860543488 (5589.05 GiB 6001.20 GB) Used Dev Size : 1953514496 (1863.02 GiB 2000.40 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Preferred Minor : 1 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Wed Oct 20 20:13:48 2010 State : clean, degraded, recovering Active Devices : 3 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 64K Rebuild Status : 1% complete UUID : f6dc829e:aa29b476:edd1ef19:85032322 (local to host bondigas) Events : 0.12 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb 1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc 2 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd 4 8 64 3 spare rebuilding /dev/sde While that's going I decided to format the beast with the following command: root@bondigas:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md1p1 mke2fs 1.41.11 (14-Mar-2010) /dev/md1p1 alignment is offset by 63488 bytes. This may result in very poor performance, (re)-partitioning suggested. Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=16 blocks, Stripe width=48 blocks 97853440 inodes, 391394047 blocks 19569702 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=0 11945 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848 Writing inode tables: ^C 27/11945 root@bondigas:~# ^C I am unsure what to do about "/dev/md1p1 alignment is offset by 63488 bytes." and how to properly partition the disks to match so I can format it properly.

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• Ubuntu 12.10 boots to purple or black screen but intermittently boots fine

  - by Nic

  I have a fresh install of Ubuntu 12.10 64bit dual booting with Win7 64bit. Windows boots fine every time. When I choose Ubuntu from Grub2 menu it will sometimes boot just fine. Most of the times though it gets stuck at a purple screen with nothing happening and no keys or key combinations working. Other times instead of the purple screen I get a black screen with a flashing cursor at the top. Nothing happens. I need to hold down the power button to restart and after a couple times of trying it will eventually boot into Ubuntu. Once that happens everything runs without any problems. I have tried different approaches to fix the problem but to no avail. I tried removing "quiet splash", used no splash, and nomodeset What I got from this was seeing all the text of the boot process but more often than not the process gets stuck right after recognizing all the USB ports and devices. If it gets stuck nothing happens (except when i plug in a usb device: it still recognizes it with a new line of text) In the case when the boot process works, after it lists the usb devices it tells me something like: recovery of read-only filesystem necessary. (its the filesystem that ubuntu runs on) then it does the recovery and i get: recovery complete. after that Ubuntu will boot properly and I get to see the login screen. I have no idea what to do to fix that problem. I have to reboot 3 to 5 times everytime I want to get into Ubuntu and I feel like I'm breaking my new Laptop. (its a lenovo ideapad z580 btw. i5 processor and nvidia gtx640 graphics card) I hope someone can help me. Thanks. Edit: i just got a "failed to enable AA error" message when waking it up from suspend. I don't know if that helps or has anything to do with the boot probs.

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• External table and preprocessor for loading LOBs

  - by David Allan

  I was using the COLUMN TRANSFORMS syntax to load LOBs into Oracle using the Oracle external which is a handy way of doing several stuff - from loading LOBs from the filesystem to having constants as fields. In OWB you can use unbound external tables to define an external table using your own arbitrary access parameters - I blogged a while back on this for doing preprocessing before it was added into OWB 11gR2. For loading LOBs using the COLUMN TRANSFORMS syntax have a read through this post on loading CLOB, BLOB or any LOB, the files to load can be specified as a field that is a filename field, the content of this file will be the LOB data. So using the example from the linked post, you can define the columns; Then define the access parameters - if you go the unbound external table route you can can put whatever you want in here (your external table get out of jail free card); This will let you read the LOB files fromn the filesystem and use the external table in a mapping. Pushing the envelope a little further I then thought about marrying together the preprocessor with the COLUMN TRANSFORMS, this would have let me have a shell script for example as the preprocessor which listed the contents of a directory and let me read the files as LOBs via an external table. Unfortunately that doesn't quote work - there is now a bug/enhancement logged, so one day maybe. So I'm afraid my blog title was a little bit of a teaser....

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• When do domain concepts become application constructs?

  - by Noren

  I recently posted a question regarding recovering a DDD architecture that became an anemic domain model into a multitier architecture and this question is a follow-on of sorts. My question is when do domain concepts become application constructs. My application is a local client C# 4/WPF with the following architecture: Presentation Layer Views ViewModels Business Layer ??? Domain Layer Classes that take the POCOs with primitive types and create domain concepts (e.g. image, layer, etc) Sanity checks values (e.g. image width 0) Interfaces for DTOs Interface for a repository that abstracts the filesystem Data Access Layer Classes that parse the proprietary binary files into POCOs with primitive types by explicit knowledge of the file format Implementation of domain DTOs Implementation of domain repository class Local Filesystem Proprietary binary files When does the MyImageType domain class with Int32 width, height, and Int32[] pixels become a System.Windows.Media.ImageDrawing? If I put it in the domain layer, it seems like implemenation details are being leaked (what if I didn't want to use WPF?). If I put it in the presentation layer, it seems like it's doing too much. If I create a business layer, it seems like it would be doing too little since there are few "rules" given the CRUD nature of the application. I think all of my reading has lead to analysis paralysis, so I thought fresh eyes might lend some perspective.

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• Which language is more suitable heavy file tasks?

  - by All

  I need to write a script (based on basic functions) to process /image/audio/video files. The process is mainly filesystem tasks and converts. The database of files has been stored by mysql. The script is simple but cause heavy tasks on the system; for example renaming/converting/copying thousands of file in a run. The script does not read the content of files into memory, it just manage the commands for sub-processes. The main weight is on the communication with filesystem. The script will be used regularly for new files. My concern is about performance. I am thinking of Shell script a complied language like C Please advise which programming language is more suitable for this purpose and why? UPDATE: An example is to scan a folder for images, convert them with ImageMagick, move files to destination folder, get file info, then update the database. As you can see, the process has no room for optimization, and most of languages have similar APIs for popular programs like ImageMagick, MySQL, etc. Thus, it can be written in any language. I just wish to reduce resource usage by speeding up the long loop. NOTE: I know that questions about comparing languages are not favorable, but I really had problem to choose, because the problems can appear in action.

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• Cloned partition not seen correctly by disk utility & gparted

  - by enrico

  Some days ago I cloned my /dev/sda1 partition with clonezilla in partition-to-partition mode to /dev/sda3. It worked, but now that I've finished the setup of system in /dev/sda3, I wanna reinstall /dev/sda1 for other stuffs. This partition is NOT mounted, but ubuntu's DISK UTILITY thinks it is, while it doesn't see as mounted the currently active / partition /dev/sda3. This is the df- TH output : Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 ext4 32G 6.2G 24G 21% / udev devtmpfs 2.2G 13k 2.2G 1% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 845M 906k 844M 1% /run none tmpfs 5.3M 0 5.3M 0% /run/lock none tmpfs 2.2G 115k 2.2G 1% /run/shm /dev/sdb1 fuseblk 321G 147G 174G 46% /Dati Gparted instead, sees /dev/sda1 as NOT mounted (checked with Information option), but it display the BOOT flag on this partition, while the real booted partition /dev/sda3, hasn't it. If I try to format the /dev/sda1 partition, it gives me this error : GParted 0.8.1 --enable-libparted-dmraid Libparted 2.3 Format /dev/sda1 as ext2 00:00:02 ( ERROR ) calibrate /dev/sda1 00:00:00 ( SUCCESS ) path: /dev/sda1 start: 2048 end: 62500863 size: 62498816 (29.80 GiB) set partition type on /dev/sda1 00:00:02 ( SUCCESS ) new partition type: ext2 create new ext2 file system 00:00:00 ( ERROR ) mkfs.ext2 -L "" /dev/sda1 mke2fs 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) /dev/sda1 is mounted; will not make a filesystem here! How is possible to correct this behaviour ? Is this due to some lacking option in clonezilla phase ? TIA Enrico

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• Oracle Solaris Remote Lab (OSRL) Fact Sheet

  - by user13333379

  The Oracle Solaris Remote Lab allows independent software vendors (ISVs) to test and qualify their applications in a self service Solaris cloud. ISVs who are Oracle Partner Network Gold members with a specialization in the Solaris knowledge zone can apply for free access in OPN. The lab offers the following features to it's users: Lifetime of project: 45 days (extensions granted on demand)  Up to 5 virtual machines in a private network  Virtual Machine technology: Solaris zones  Resources per VM processor support: SPARC or x86  OS version: OracleSolaris 11.0 4GB physical memory  4GB swap space  10GB local filesystem storage  10GB network filesystem (NFS) mounted on all virtual machines Networking configuration The only external network routes are to Partner's other Virtual Machines  No network routing to the Internet  The SMB (CIFS) sharing protocol is not available between Virtual Machines  Device Access  Applications that assume the existence of /devices will not run in a Virtual Machine  Applications that use eeprom to modify SPARC eeprom setting will not run in a Virtual Machine The following utilities do not work properly in Virtual Machines:  add_drv, disks, prtconf, prtdiag, rem_dev Access technology: Secure Global Desktop, file up and download root access within VM Available VM templates (both processor architectures) Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.3) for Solaris with Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Weblogic 12c  SAMP: Apache http server, PHP, MySQL, phpadmin on all templates and images: Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 for application development  More resources: Online application for Oracle Solaris remote Lab Developer Webinar about the Oracle Solaris Remote Lab Everything an Oracle Solaris Developer needs...

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• Oracle Solaris Remote Lab (OSRL) Fact Sheet

  - by user13333379

  The Oracle Solaris Remote Lab allows independent software vendors (ISVs) to test and qualify their applications in a self service Solaris cloud. ISVs who are Oracle Partner Network Gold members with a specialization in the Solaris knowledge zone can apply for free access in OPN. The lab offers the following features to it's users: Lifetime of project: 45 days (extensions granted on demand)  Up to 5 virtual machines in a private network  Virtual Machine technology: Solaris zones  Resources per VM processor support: SPARC or x86  OS version: OracleSolaris 11.0 4GB physical memory  4GB swap space  10GB local filesystem storage  10GB network filesystem (NFS) mounted on all virtual machines Networking configuration The only external network routes are to Partner's other Virtual Machines  No network routing to the Internet  The SMB (CIFS) sharing protocol is not available between Virtual Machines  Device Access  Applications that assume the existence of /devices will not run in a Virtual Machine  Applications that use eeprom to modify SPARC eeprom setting will not run in a Virtual Machine The following utilities do not work properly in Virtual Machines:  add_drv, disks, prtconf, prtdiag, rem_dev Access technology: Secure Global Desktop, file up and download root access within VM Available VM templates (both processor architectures) Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.3) for Solaris with Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Weblogic 12c  SAMP: Apache http server, PHP, MySQL, phpadmin on all templates and images: Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 for application development  More resources: Online application for Oracle Solaris remote Lab Developer Webinar about the Oracle Solaris Remote Lab Everything an Oracle Solaris Developer needs...

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• Introducing the New Boot Framework in CE 7

  - by Kate Moss' Open Space

  CE 7 introduces a new boot loader framework, BLDR (platform\common\src\common\bldr\). Some people like its powerful and flexbility, others may feel its too complicate as a boot loader framework. Despite to the favor, it is already there; so let's take a look at its features. Unlike the previous BL framwork (CE7 still provides it in platform\common\src\common\boot\) is a monolithic library, the new framework has more architecture structure. It not only defines main body but also provides rich components, such as filesystem (BinFS/FAT), download transportations, display, logging and block devices: bios INT13, FAL, IDE, Flash ( and etc. Note that in the block device category, the FAL is for legacy FMD/FAL, Flash is for latest MSFlash. Some of you may have encountered MSFlash MDD/PDD compatible partition is hard to created in bootloader and now it provides a clean solution! (Since this is a big topic, I will introduce it in future post) Today, I am going to show you some basic helper components - Image Loading functions. When OS image stored in the block device, it can be a file format, says your NK.BIN in the FAT volume or a RAW format, says the image is programmed to a BINFS partition. For the first one you can use BootFileSystemReadBinFile (platform\common\src\common\bldr\fileSystem\utils\fileSystemReadBinFile.c) and use BootBlockLoadBinFsImage (platform\common\src\common\bldr\block\utils\loadBinFs.c) to load from a partition. Need a sample code? No problem, the BootLoaderLoadOs in platform\cepc\src\boot\bldr\loados.c just provide a perfect example.

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• Disk Space Full

  - by Loki

  Setting up Ubuntu 10.04 server, the / disk space shows full under df, however the du does not show any of the space used. This has several mounts to Gluster FS'. I have tried a forced FSCK and to no avail. ~# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md0 141G 132G 0 100% / none 3.0G 224K 3.0G 1% /dev none 3.0G 0 3.0G 0% /dev/shm none 3.0G 76K 3.0G 1% /var/run none 3.0G 0 3.0G 0% /var/lock none 3.0G 0 3.0G 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/sdb1 9.0T 7.1T 1.9T 80% /brick1 /dev/sdb2 9.0T 7.9T 1.1T 88% /brick2 localhost:/sanvol09 385T 330T 56T 86% /mnt/sanvol09 <- Gluster FS uses local software to contact the DFS I've attempted a tune2fs and same issue arises # du -h --max-depth=1 --one-file-system / 4.0K /selinux 0 /proc 47M /boot 31M /mnt 8.0K /brick1 8.0K /brick2 391M /lib 4.0K /opt 7.4M /bin 0 /sys 379M /var 5.6M /etc 16K /lost+found 43M /root 4.0K /srv 5.7M /home 4.0K /media 7.0M /sbin 0 /dev 4.0K /tmp 4.0K /cdrom 631M /usr 1.6G / more info # df -ih Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/md0 9.0M 91K 8.9M 1% / none 746K 770 745K 1% /dev none 747K 1 747K 1% /dev/shm none 747K 32 747K 1% /var/run none 747K 1 747K 1% /var/lock none 747K 3 747K 1% /lib/init/rw /dev/sdb1 583M 1.8M 581M 1% /brick1 /dev/sdb2 583M 1.9M 581M 1% /brick2 localhost:/sanvol09 25G 76M 25G 1% /mnt/sanvol09 The final question: df show's 100% used, and its not, any other known fixes?

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• Hide icons encrypted file system partitions in Nautilus

  - by Eddy Pronk

  I've installed Ubuntu 10.04 from the alternate CD. It has an encrypted root and swap partition. The root partition is visible in Nautilus as 'File Syste' icon. There is another icon "216 GB Filesystem". If I click it says: Unable to mount 216 GB Filesystem. /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt is mounted. Then there is another icon "6.1 GB Swap Space". If I click it it says: Unable to mount 6.1 GB Swap Space. Not a mountable file system. How can I hide these last two icons? Partition layout: $ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda [sudo] password for eddyp: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xa6e92df4 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 11749 94373811 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda2 11871 38914 217219073 5 Extended /dev/sda3 * 11750 11871 976896 83 Linux /dev/sda5 11871 38167 211220480 83 Linux /dev/sda6 38167 38914 5997568 83 Linux Partition table entries are not in disk order Mounted as: $ mount /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) none on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) none on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) none on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) none on /var/run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) none on /var/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) /dev/sda3 on /boot type ext4 (rw) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/eddyp/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=eddyp) /dev/sda1 on /media/S3A6595D003 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096,default_permissions)

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• "The daemon is being inhibited" error message when mounting volumes on a partitioned external HD [closed]

  - by Todd

  I'm having a great deal of difficulty with an external hard drive. I'm currently running a dual boot system (XP Service Pack 3 and Ubuntu 11.04 Natty Narwahl) on a Dell Inspiron B120. I'm trying to set up a new 80 GB Hitachi external HD. Using GParted, I formatted the drive and set up the partitions. The partitioning scheme is as follows 10GB NTFS Primary, 2GB Linux-Swap Primary, 50GB FAT32 Primary, 12GB Unallocated. After applying those changes, I went into Disk Utility and the HD appears along with the correct partitions. When I try to mount the volumes for partitions 1 and 3, I get a pop-up stating: Error Mounting Volume An error occurred while performing an operation on "Home" (Partition 3 of HTS548080m9AT00): The daemon is being inhibited. When I try to to check the filesystem I get a pop-up stating: Error Checking filesystem on volume An error occurred while performing an operation on "Home" (Partition 3 of HTS548080m9AT00): The daemon is being inhibited. Throughout the time that I'm attempting to troubleshoot the problem, the external drive light is on and blinking. With my frustration hitting a boiling point, I try to shut down the drive and remove it so that I can plug in a different external HD that works PERFECTLY. However, when I try to shut down and safely remove the drive, I get a pop-up stating: Error Detaching Drive An error occurred while performing an operation on "80GB Hard Disk" (HTS548080m9AT00): The daemon is being inhibited. Can anyone tell me what I'm doing wrong? I'm a newbie and not that skilled with terminal commands, so please dumb it down for me if you request specific command output.

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