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  • How to handle key in PhP array if the key contains japanese characters [migrated]

    - by Jim Thio
    I have this array: [ID] => ????????-???????????__35.79_139.72 [Email] => [InBuildingAddress] => [Price] => [Street] => [Title] => ???????? ??????????? [Website] => [Zip] => [Rating Star] => 0 [Rating Weight] => 0 [Latitude] => 35.7865334803033 [Longitude] => 139.716800710514 [Building] => [City] => Unknown_Japan [OpeningHour] => [TimeStamp] => 0000-00-00 00:00:00 [CountViews] => 0 Then I do something like this: $output[$info['ID']]=$info; //mess up here $tes=$info['ID']['Title']; Well guess what it messes up. Basically even though the content of an array in PhP can be Japanese. Is this true? What's wrong. The error I got is: Debug Warning: /sdfdsfdf/api/test2.php line 36 - Cannot find element ????????-???????????__35.79_139.72 in variable Debug Warning: /sdfdsfdf/api/test2.php line 36 - main() [function.main]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are required to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '7.0/no DST' instead So many question mark Why is this happening. What's really going on inside PhP? Where can I learn more of such things. Most importantly, what would be the best way to handle this situation. Should I tell PhP to internally always use UTF-8? Does PhP array inherenty cannot use non ascii id?

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  • Watch Filesystem in Real Time on OS X and Ubuntu

    - by Adrian Schneider
    I'm looking for a CLI tool which will watch a directory and spit out the names of files that change in real time. some_watch_command /path/to/some/folder | xargs some_callback I'm aware of inotify (inotify-tools?) and it seems to be what I need, but I need something that is both Linux (in my case Ubuntu) and OSX compatible. It doesn't need to be lightning fast, but it does need to trigger upon changes (within a second is reasonable). Also, I don't necessarily need the exact CLI program mentioned above. If some underlying tech exists and is easily scriptable on both platforms that would be great too.

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  • tail -f updates slowly

    - by Cliff
    I'm not sure why, but on my Macbook Pro running lion I get slow updates when I issue "tail -f" on a log file that is being written to. I used to use this command all the time at my last company but that was typically on Linux machines. The only thing I can think of that would possibly slow the updates are buffering of output and/or maybe a different update interval on a Mac vs. Linux. I've tried with several commands all which write to stout relatively quickly but give slow updates to the tail command. Any ideas? Update I am merely running a python script with a bunch of prints in it and redirecting to a file vi " my output.log". I expect to see updates near real time but that doesn't seem to be the case.

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  • Linux kernel startup problems: how to analyze?

    - by java.is.for.desktop
    Hello, everyone! After manually updating the kernel from 2.6.33 to 2.6.34 on my OpenSuse 11.2 Notebook, it stops after the message Loading drivers, configuring devices... This stop can be interrupted with Ctrl-C, but when the system enters runlevel 5, no partitions are mounted (but the root partition), many services fail to start, and other strange things are going on. No X11. NOTE: I manually updated the kernel many times before, it worked. Yes, I know, in case of NVidia, the driver has to be recompiled. The question is: How can I analyze the cause of the problem? Doing dmesg gives me soooo much output, I can't "map" it to the output which I see at startup. The output does not contain the string Loading drivers, configuring devices, or similar.

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  • How to code Time Stop or Bullet Time in a game?

    - by David Miler
    I am developing a single-player RPG platformer in XNA 4.0. I would like to add an ability that would make the time "stop" or slow down, and have only the player character move at the original speed(similar to the Time Stop spell from the Baldur's Gate series). I am not looking for an exact implementation, rather some general ideas and design-patterns. EDIT: Thanks all for the great input. I have come up with the following solution public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { GameTime newGameTime = new GameTime(gameTime.TotalGameTime, new TimeSpan(gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.Ticks / DESIRED_TIME_MODIFIER)); gameTime = newGameTime; or something along these lines. This way I can set a different time for the player component and different for the rest. It certainly is not universal enough to work for a game where warping time like this would be a central element, but I hope it should work for this case. I kinda dislike the fact that it litters the main Update loop, but it certainly is the easiest way to implement it. I guess that is essentialy the same as tesselode suggested, so I'm going to give him the green tick :)

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  • fsck: FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED after each check with -c, why?

    - by Chris
    I use a script to partition and format CF cards (connected with a USB card writer) in an automated way. After the main process I check the card again with fsck. To check bad blocks I also tried the '-c' switch, but I always get a return value != 0 and the message "FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED" (see below). I get the same result when checking the very same drive several times... Does anyone know why a) the file system is modified at all and b) why this seems to happen every time I check and not only in case of an error (like bad blocks)? Here's the output: linux-box# fsck.ext3 -c /dev/sdx1 e2fsck 1.40.2 (12-Jul-2007) Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information Volume (/dev/sdx1): ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** Volume (/dev/sdx1): 5132/245760 files (1.2% non-contiguous), 178910/1959896 blocks

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  • Where can I download Microsoft VC80.CRT version 8.0.50608.0 ?

    - by Leonel
    Hi, I've just installed Microsoft Office Home and Student 2007 in Windows XP SP3 When trying to run MS word or any other office app (Excel, PowerPoint), I get the following message: this application has failed to start because the application configuration is incorrect This also happens with other applications, for instance, Acrobat Reader. A bit of Googling around this error message suggests that this might be due to a mismatch of library versions. In fact, most of the articles and forum messages I found mention a programmer writing an application in Visual C++ and sending it to someone else, who then runs into that error. This is hardly my case ! I looked into Office's files and the manifest file for Excel suggests that Office is trying to use Microsoft VC80.CRT version 8.0.50608.0. However, in my Windows System folder, I can only find the assemblies for 8.0.50727.762 My next step will be trying to find version 8.0.50608.0. How can I find and download it ?

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  • SEO with duplicate content

    - by user16831
    I have a nature photography site with multiple types of photo galleries. Each photo and associated caption on my site appears in several galleries. For instance, a photo of a goldfinch that was taken on a trip to New Mexico in 2008 will appear in the "goldfinch.php" gallery, in the "finches.php" gallery, and in the "New_Mexico_2008.php" gallery. This duplication is useful for my site visitors - User A may want to see goldfinch photos, whereas User B wants to see photos from New Mexico - but I am concerned about the SEO implications. The typical suggestions to deal with duplicate content, such as 301 redirects and canonical tags, probably won't work in this case, because the page content is substantially different (ranging from ~1% to ~90% duplication, depending on the specific example chosen). The obvious solution to me would be to edit robots.txt to only allow search engines to crawl one type of gallery - for instance, if they crawled only the galleries organized by species(e.g. goldfinch.php), all the photos on my site would be found exactly once. However, the Google content guidelines recommend against blocking crawler access to duplicate information. Should I go ahead and use robots.txt anyway? Or is there a better solution?

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  • VMWare Workstation Dev Machine Disks: one fast or four echofriendly raid?

    - by Avi
    I'm building a new dev computer. It will be running a few VMWare Worksation virtual machines - A dev machine running VS-2010, a build machine, a version-control machine, a web server for testing, a "personal" machine running office etc. I'll be connecting the computer to my stereo, so I'll also be running iTunes (possible on a dedicated VM) and I want the computer to be a silent one. I'll probably use an Antec P183 case. I was advised on Serverfault to use Raid10 for performance. Raid 10 uses 4 disks. So, my question is as follows: In terms of heat, noise, reliability, warranty, price, capacity and performance, what would you suggest: A Raid10 4 disk array using eco-friendly disks such as the $94 1TB Western Digital Caviar Green, or one high performance disk such as the 2TB Western Digital Caviar Black at $280?

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  • Mirroring MySQL server with diffrent configuration

    - by HTF
    I have to migrate MySQL server to a different data centre so I would like to create another MySQL slave server in new DC and then promote it to a master later on. I previously used LVM snapshots and Percona Xtrabackup for this purpose but this time I've optimized MySQL configuration file that prevents me from using these methods. Old server (backup): innodb_log_file_size = 256M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 New server (restore): innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 The Xtrabackup script and LVM snapshots copy the whole directory structure so the MySQL server won't start because there is a different size for InnoDB logs. Is there any solution to avoid a downtime in this case? I can't use mysqldumps as there is around 8000 databases so I would have to take the server down for a couple of hours. I was also thinking to use the old settings with Xtrabackup and then change it once the new server is promoted to a master - less downtime but I'm not sure if this will work? Thank you Regards

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  • Is a 302 redirect to a random URL from the homepage an SEO problem?

    - by CookieMonster
    I originally posted this on Stackoverflow, but I believe here is a better place to ask. My web application is very similar to notepad.cc which redirects to a randomly generated URL upon access, e.g. http://myapp.com/roTr94h4Gd. (Please note that notepad.cc is not my site.) Probably because of this redirect feature, when I do "fetch as Google" or "fetch as Bingbot", I get a 302 and no html content. Not even a <html></html> tag. HTTP/1.1 302 Moved Temporarily Server: nginx/1.4.1 Date: Tue, 01 Oct 2013 04:37:37 GMT Content-Type: text/html Transfer-Encoding: chunked Connection: keep-alive X-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.17-1~dotdeb.1 Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=vp99q5e5t5810e3bnnnvi6sfo2; expires=Thu, 03-Oct-2013 04:37:37 GMT; path=/ Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0 Pragma: no-cache Location: /roTr94h4Gd How should I avoid 302 in this case? I suppose I could modify my site to prevent the redirect, but it is a necessary feature of my web app to generate a random URL on each access. I added <meta name="fragment" content="!"> tag into my index page and set it to return a static snapshot of my page when the flag is set. But this still returns a 302. I also added a header to return 200 before redirecting, but this had no effect, either. Could someone tell me a good suggestion to solve this problem?

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  • Visual Studio 2012 first impressions...no Macros!

    - by bconlon
    Yesterday I installed Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 for the first time (all 8.5GB) and after 20 years of (mostly) happy times using VS they have removed Macros, one of the most handy features.The first thing I wanted to do when I upgraded my VS2010 project was to add a #elseif block to each file. This would usually be simple case of find in files of the previous #elseif and then Ctrl+Shift+R to record a macro which would be: F8 (to select the next file from find list), F3 (to find the correct position in file), Ctrl+V to paste the new code. Then all I would need to do is keep Ctrl+Shift+P (Play Macro) pressed until all the files were processed.But alas Ctrl+Shift+R does nothing! I won’t say that I use Macros every day but it was a very useful feature.To continue my moaning a little more, I also don't like the bland interface. This has been well documented by others, but now I have used it myself, I find it difficult to tell one grey area of screen from another and the lack of colour makes the icons unclear.I also don't see why the menus now need to SHOUT in capital letters?On the plus side, they have now added the ability to see WPF properties in the debugger...a bit of an oversight in Visual Studio 2010. Oh, but you still can't edit and continue on files that contain templated code.Whilst Visual Studio 2012 is not a complete disaster like Windows 8 (why develop a desk top OS to be the same as a Smart device OS), it does not float my boat.Rant over.#

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  • How do you setup Postfix/Dovecot/MySQL to not look for local accounts?

    - by thiesdiggity
    I am having an issue with one of my Postfix/Dovecot mail servers and I'm unsure how to fix the problem. I will try to explain it in detail, here it goes: I have an Ubuntu server setup using Virtual hosting with Postfix, Dovecot and MySQL. We have one domain setup as a virtual domain, for this example I am going to use mail.example.com. Under that domain we have one email address. I have another server (MS Exchange) setup using another one of my sub-domains, ex.example.com. The problem is that when I SMTP into the account on mail.example.com and try to send an email to an account on ex.example.com, I get the email returned back to us with an "unknown host" error. Now, I know that the mail.example.com server can resolve the ex.example.com domain because I can ping/dig while SSH'd into it. I can also log into Postfix via Telnet and send an email to an ex.example.com mailbox. I'm guessing that it has something to do with Postfix/Dovecot looking locally for the domain in the virtual domain list because of the tld domain (example.com)? If that's the case, how do I get Postfix/Dovecot to only look locally for the entire URL (mail.example.com) and if it doesn't find it, send it to the correct server by looking up the MX/A records (which I know exist and are setup correctly)? I have been working on this all day and any guidance would be GREATLY appreciated! Thanks for your time!

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  • How to force Multiple Monitors correct resolutions for LightDM?

    - by Hanynowsky
    I am affected by the BUG: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity-greeter/+bug/874241 Otherwise, if like me you have a laptop connected to a second monitor of higher resolution, LIGHTDM at the login stage, mirrors the displays in both screens and assign to them a common resolution (1024X768) in my case, instead of extending the desktop (Primary screen with the greeter and secondary with just a logo as mentioned in the Multiple Monitors UX specifications book for 12.04). Here is my xrandr -q @L502X:~$ xrandr -q Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1920 x 1848, maximum 8192 x 8192 LVDS1 connected 1366x768+309+1080 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 344mm x 193mm 1366x768 60.0*+ 1360x768 59.8 60.0 1024x768 60.0 800x600 60.3 56.2 640x480 59.9 VGA1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) HDMI1 connected 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 510mm x 287mm 1920x1080 60.0*+ 1600x1200 60.0 1680x1050 60.0 1280x1024 60.0 1440x900 59.9 1280x960 60.0 1280x800 59.8 1024x768 60.0 800x600 60.3 56.2 640x480 60.0 DP1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) I tried to force lightdm to execute some xrandr commands in order to set the right resolution for each monitor and extend the desktop, but I get a LOW GRAPHICS MODE ERROR (You're running in low graphics mode, your screen, input devices...did not get detected..) I created a simple script named lightdmxrand.sh: #!/bin/sh xrandr --output HDMI1 --primary --mode 1920x1080 --output LVDS1 --mode 1366x768 --below HDMI1 And told lightdm to run it : /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf [SeatDefaults] greeter-session=unity-greeter user-session=ubuntu greeter-setup-script=/usr/bin/numlockx on display-setup-script=/home/hanynowsky/lightdmxrandr.sh Someone knows what is wrong!? Thanks in advance.

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  • Using the Java SE 8 Date Time API with JPA 2.1

    - by reza_rahman
    Most of you are hopefully aware of the new Date Time API included in Java SE 8. If you are not, you should check them out right now using the Java Tutorial Trail dedicated to the topic. It is a significantly leap forward in processing temporal data in Java. For those who already use Joda-Time the changes will look very familiar - very simplistically speaking the Java SE 8 feature is basically Joda-Time standardized. Quite naturally you will likely want to use the new Date Time APIs in your JPA domain model to better represent temporal data. The problem is that JPA 2.1 will not support the new API out of the box. So what are you to do? Fortunately you can make use of fairly simple JPA 2.1 Type Converters to use the Date Time API in your JPA domain classes. Steven Gertiser shows you how to do it in an extremely well written blog entry. Besides explaining the problem and the solution the entry is actually very good for getting a better understanding of JPA 2.1 Type Converters as well. I think such a set of converters may be a good fit for Apache DeltaSpike as a Java EE 7 extension? In case you are wondering about Java SE 8 support in the JPA specification itself, Nick Williams has already entered an excellent, well researched JIRA entry asking for such support in a future version of the JPA specification that's well worth looking at. Another possibility of course is for JPA providers to start supporting the Date Time API natively before anything is formalized in the specification. What do you think?

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  • Who can change the View in MVC?

    - by Luke
    I'm working on a thick client graph displaying and manipulation application. I'm trying to apply the MVC pattern to our 3D visualization component. Here is what I have for the Model, View, and Controller: Model - The graph and it's metadata. This includes vertices, edges, and the attributes of each. It does not contain position information, icons, colors, or anything display related. View - This would commonly be called a scene graph. It includes the 3D display information, texture information, color information, and anything else that is related specifically to the visualization of the model. Controller - The controller takes the view and displays it in a Window using OpenGL (but it could potentially be any 3D graphics package). The application has various "layouts" that change the position of the vertices in the display. For instance, one layout may arrange the vertices in a circle. Is it common for these layouts to access and change the view directly? Should they go through the Controller to access the View? If they go through the Controller, should they just ask for direct access to the View or should each change go through the controller? I realize this is a bit different from the standard MVC example where there a finite number of Views. In this case, the View can change in an infinite number of ways. Perhaps I'm shattering some basic principle of MVC here. Thanks in advance!

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  • My 4 GB microSD card only allows me to use 1 GB

    - by James Litewski
    My phone came with a 4 GB microSD card. On the card it lists that 3 GB goes to Muve Music which is Cricket's music program, and I get 1 GB... Well, I don't pay for Muve Music, so why waste the space? I thought I'd be able to simply buy an adapter and reformat the microSD card to get the full 4 GB; but that wasn't the case... I could only find the 1 GB partition on the card. I even tried reformatting the disk, but I had no luck. How can I get the full 4 GB? BTW, I'm running Mac OS X v10.7 (Lion).

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  • FCoE, on any Ethernet switch?

    - by javano
    I understand the concept of FCoE. I have looked at the Wikipedia page and looking at the layer 2 frame diagram, it looks like FCoE really should "just work" on any Ethernet switch, but is this really the case? If so, what do switches like Cisco's Nexus 5k or 6120P offer that normal switches don't (in specific relation to FCoE)? I am just using those two switches as examples. On the Nexus 5548UP page for example it says the following; Unified ports that support traditional Ethernet, Fibre Channel (FC),and Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) Well if FCoE runnins over regular Ethernet, that why does it support "Ethernet and Fibire Channel over Ethernet"? This is why I am curious as to weather FCoE will run on any Ethernet switch and these switches just support "bonus" features, or if you do indeed require a specialist switch. Thank you.

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  • Preferred lambda syntax?

    - by Roger Alsing
    I'm playing around a bit with my own C like DSL grammar and would like some oppinions. I've reserved the use of "(...)" for invocations. eg: foo(1,2); My grammar supports "trailing closures" , pretty much like Ruby's blocks that can be passed as the last argument of an invocation. Currently my grammar support trailing closures like this: foo(1,2) { //parameterless closure passed as the last argument to foo } or foo(1,2) [x] { //closure with one argument (x) passed as the last argument to foo print (x); } The reason why I use [args] instead of (args) is that (args) is ambigious: foo(1,2) (x) { } There is no way in this case to tell if foo expects 3 arguments (int,int,closure(x)) or if foo expects 2 arguments and returns a closure with one argument(int,int) - closure(x) So thats pretty much the reason why I use [] as for now. I could change this to something like: foo(1,2) : (x) { } or foo(1,2) (x) -> { } So the actual question is, what do you think looks best? [...] is somewhat wrist unfriendly. let x = [a,b] { } Ideas?

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  • Converting NTFS to ZFS (or other)

    - by NumberFour
    Are there any benefits of converting HDDs that are running NTFS on a Linux machine to ZFS? Is there a way to do such conversion in Linux without losing the data? What about the stability of ZFS on Linux, does FUSE really work well in this case? People say that the only way to get the real full ZFS support is to install Solaris. I understand that the best choice for Linux would be ext4, but I really havent found a way how to convert to ext4 from NTFS without sacrificing all the data. On the other hand I have doubts whether changing from NTFS to ZFS while using Linux is really wise. Thanks for any tips.

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  • Is my website running on an iPhone?

    - by Stefano Borini
    Provocative question, but in any case, this is what it would appear... unless there's some other reason, of course. In my cystat wordpress log, I obtained the following entry IP Browser OS Date Method Type URL 127.0.0.1 Safari 419.3 iPhone July 30, 2009 7:39 pm GET BLOG /blog/ The IP address is the IP of the visiting client. It's clear that this is not possible. Why do I get 127.0.0.1 as IP? cystat bug? some weird network trick I am not aware of? or is my website really running on an iPhone, and the guy at the applestore is reading my blog ?

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  • How to retrieve the value of querystring from url using Javascript

    - by ybbest
    The following is a Javascript function I found on the internet , I keep here just in case I need to use it again. function getParameterByName(name) { name = name.replace(/[\[]/, "\\\[").replace(/[\]]/, "\\\]"); var regexS = "[\\?&]" + name + "=([^&#]*)"; var regex = new RegExp(regexS); var results = regex.exec(window.location.search); if(results == null) return ""; else return decodeURIComponent(results[1].replace(/\+/g, " ")); } You can also add this method to jquery as below. $.getParameterByName = function (name) { name = name.replace( /[\[]/ , "\\\[").replace( /[\]]/ , "\\\]"); var regexS = "[\\?&]" + name + "=([^&#]*)"; var regex = new RegExp(regexS); var results = regex.exec(window.location.search); if (results == null) return ""; else return decodeURIComponent(results[1].replace( /\+/g , " ")); }; $(document).ready(function () { alert($.getParameterByName("id")); }); References: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/901115/get-query-string-values-in-javascript http://blog.jeremymartin.name/2008/02/building-your-first-jquery-plugin-that.html http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7541218/writing-jquery-static-util-methods http://api.jquery.com/category/utilities/

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  • I can't enable extra effects in Ubuntu 10.10. Please help?

    - by jasoncruz98
    I installed Ubuntu 10.10 alongside Ubuntu 11.10 to use an older version of Compiz. On Ubuntu 11.10, Compiz was enabled by default and I didn't need to use any graphics driver to enjoy the effects. All I had to do was install CompizConfig Settings Manager and enable those extra effects. That was Compiz 0.9.6. Now, after installing Ubuntu 10.10, when I first logged in, the graphics were slow. When I dragged a window from one end of the screen to the other, the whole screen would blur up and pixelate and it would be very laggy. I tried going to System Preference Appearance and selecting Extra effects on the Visual effects tab, but all I got was "Desktop effects could not be enabled". I don't know whether I should install the Additional drivers (proprietary) because my Internet is slow and it would take a long time. Furthermore, in Ubuntu 11.10, after I installed the proprietary graphics driver, I immediately went into fallback mode and wasn't even offered an option to set my desktop session to Ubuntu 3D. I didn't need the driver to run Compiz in Ubuntu 11.10, it just ran so smoothly. But in Ubuntu 10.10, everything is so laggy. Should I install the ATI/AMD Proprietary FGLRX Graphics Driver for Ubuntu 10.10 to enable extra effects? Or is there something else wrong with my system? Here is the output of lspci -nn | grep VGA 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Sandy Bridge Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:0116] (rev 09) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: ATI Technologies Inc Device [1002:6760] Here is the output of the same command, but in Ubuntu 11.10 (in this case the one which is correct, because I don't have the Sandy Bridge Integrated graphics controller) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:0116] (rev 09) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: ATI Technologies Inc NI Seymour [AMD Radeon HD 6470M] [1002:6760]

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  • Understanding Application binary interface (ABI)

    - by Tim
    I am trying to understand the concept of Application binary interface (ABI). From The Linux Kernel Primer: An ABI is a set of conventions that allows a linker to combine separately compiled modules into one unit without recompilation, such as calling conventions, machine interface, and operating-system interface. Among other things, an ABI defines the binary interface between these units. ... The benefits of conforming to an ABI are that it allows linking object files compiled by different compilers. From Wikipedia: an application binary interface (ABI) describes the low-level interface between an application (or any type of) program and the operating system or another application. ABIs cover details such as data type, size, and alignment; the calling convention, which controls how functions' arguments are passed and return values retrieved; the system call numbers and how an application should make system calls to the operating system; and in the case of a complete operating system ABI, the binary format of object files, program libraries and so on. I was wondering whether ABI depends on both the instruction set and the OS. Are the two all that ABI depends on? What kinds of role does ABI play in different stages of compilation: preprocessing, conversion of code from C to Assembly, conversion of code from Assembly to Machine code, and linking? From the first quote above, it seems to me that ABI is needed for only linking stage, not the other stages. Is it correct? When is ABI needed to be considered? Is ABI needed to be considered during programming in C, Assembly or other languages? If yes, how are ABI and API different? Or is it only for linker or compiler? Is ABI specified for/in machine code, Assembly language, and/or of C?

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  • dpkg in uninterruptible sleep

    - by Khaled
    I have several Ubuntu servers 10.04. Today, I tried to upgrade some packages on one of these servers and the process got stuck. I logged in using another SSH session and I found that dpkg is in D state (uninterruptible sleep). According to what I have read, this state results generally from I/O waiting like waiting for NFS share. I can not understand why dpkg will block in this state. I can not see any obvious problems other than this. Here is the output of ps to show the blocking process: $ ps axo pid,cmd,s,wchan | grep dpkg 22571 /usr/bin/dpkg --status-fd 2 D call_rwsem_down_read_failed This process can not be killed even with kill -9. So, I will not be able to install/upgrade any package unless I reboot the server. What makes it worse is that the remote reboot does not succeed in such a case (having processes in D state). Can anyone help with this? How can I avoid this in the future.

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