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• How to troubleshoot a remote wmi query/access failure?

  - by Roman

  Hi I'm using Powershell to query a remote computer in a domain for a wmi object, eg: "gwmi -computer test -class win32_bios". I get this error message: Value does not fall within the expected range Executing the query local under the same user works fine. It seems to happen on both windows 2003 and also 2008 systems. The user that runs the shell has admin rights on the local and remote server. I checked wmi and dcom permissions as far as I know how to do this, they seem to be the same on a server where it works, and another where it does not. I think it is not a network issue, all ports are open that are needed, and it also happens within the same subnet. When sniffing the traffic we see the following errors: RPC: c/o Alter Cont Resp: Call=0x2 Assoc Grp=0x4E4E Xmit=0x16D0 Recv=0x16D0 Warning: GssAPIMechanism is not found, either caused by not reassembled, conversation off or filtering. And an errormessage from Kerberos: Kerberos: KRB_ERROR - KDC_ERR_BADOPTION (13) The option code in the packet is 0x40830000 Any idea what I should look into?

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• Androidify Turns You into an Android-style Avatar

  - by ETC

  Androidify, a free application for Android phones, lets you create an Android-style avatar of yourself (or anyone, for that matter). Swap out the clothes, adjust the side of your noggin, add a pirate eye-patch, the customization options are abundant. Much like the Mii creator on the Wii, Androidify starts you off with the basics: skin color, hair style and color, adjustment of the body size. After that you can tweak things like clothing, accessories, facial hair and more. Once you’re done you can set it as your contact image, send it to others to use as your contact image, save as a photo, and other wise upload it with the social media tools you have on your phone. Hit up the link below to read more and grab a copy. Androidify [Android Market] Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How to Enable User-Specific Wireless Networks in Windows 7 How to Use Google Chrome as Your Default PDF Reader (the Easy Way) How To Remove People and Objects From Photographs In Photoshop Ask How-To Geek: How Can I Monitor My Bandwidth Usage? Internet Explorer 9 RC Now Available: Here’s the Most Interesting New Stuff Here’s a Super Simple Trick to Defeating Fake Anti-Virus Malware Comix is an Awesome Comics Archive Viewer for Linux Get the MakeUseOf eBook Guide to Speeding Up Windows for Free Need Tech Support? Call the Star Wars Help Desk! [Video Classic] Reclaim Vertical UI Space by Adding a Toolbar to the Left or Right Side of Firefox Androidify Turns You into an Android-style Avatar Reader for Android Updates; Now with Feed Widgets and More

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• Point subdomain to another web hosting

  - by zulhfreelancer

  I buy a domain from GoDaddy. Let's call this domain as abc.com. I've a hosting account on web hosting A with abc.com as my primary domain. I created a sub-domain pic.abc.com and I wish it to be pointed to my new hosting account. This web hosting B also use abc.com as the primary domain. The main purpose of doing this because I only want to use web hosting B to host my pic.abc.com contents. That's all. Other content from *.abc.com and abc.com will be remain in web hosting A. How to do this? Note 1: I try to add pic.abc.com as an add-on domain in my web hosting B account. Unfortunately, I couldn't do that. Note 2: I also try to use URL forwarding method using DNS management service like DNS Social. It doesn't work. Note 3: I'm using WordPress on the pic.abc.com site. Both web hosting A and B running cPanel - Apache servers (shared hosting). Thanks in advance!

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• Cant add network printer with system-config-printer package

  - by Erick David Ruiz Coronel

  Hello im new here and I dont know if im doing it right but I hope yes. I have a printer conected to a windows 8 machine, also I had ubuntu 13.04 and it worked fine when I printed from linux to windows but when I upgraded to 13.10 my printer didnt worked, I removed it thinking that would fix it but when I tryed to add the printer again I couldnt, I reinstalled cups and the system-config-printer-gnome package but didnt worked. Here is the terminal log : erick@Tauro:~$ system-config-printer Caught non-fatal exception. Traceback: File "/usr/share/system-config-printer/probe_printer.py", line 255, in _do_find fn () File "/usr/share/system-config-printer/probe_printer.py", line 367, in _probe_hplip stderr=null) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 709, in init errread, errwrite) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1326, in _execute_child raise child_exception OSError: [Errno 2] No existe el archivo o el directorio Continuing anyway.. Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/share/system-config-printer/newprinter.py", line 912, in on_btnNPForward_clicked self.nextNPTab() File "/usr/share/system-config-printer/newprinter.py", line 1064, in nextNPTab stderr=file("/dev/null")) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 709, in init errread, errwrite) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1326, in _execute_child raise child_exception OSError: [Errno 2] No existe el archivo o el directorio Any suggestion please? C:

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• /etc/enviorment not being read into PATH variable

  - by Dan

  In Ubuntu the path variable is stored in /etc/enviorment. This is mine (I've made no changes to it, this is the system default): $ cat /etc/environment PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games" but when I examine my PATH variable: $ echo $PATH /home/dan/bin:/home/dan/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/X11 You'll notice /usr/games is missing (it was there up until a few days ago). My /etc/profile makes no mention of PATH. My ~/.profile is the default and only has: if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" fi This only happens in gnome, not in tty1-6. This is missing from both gnome terminal and when I try to call applications from the applications dropdown. Anyone know what could be causing this? Thanks.

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• How to allow wget to overwrite files

  - by Gnanam

  Using wget command, how do I allow/instruct to overwrite my local file everytime, irrespective of how many times I invoke. Let's say, I want to download a file from the location: http://server/folder/file1.html Here, whenever I say wget http://server/folder/file1.html, I want this file1.html to be overwritten in my local system irrespective of the time it is changed, already downloaded, etc. My intention/use case here is that when I call wget, I'm very sure that I want to replace/overwrite the existing file. I've tried out the following options, but each option is intended/meant for some other purpose. -nc = --no-clobber -N = Turn on time-stamping -r = Turn on recursive retrieving

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• How should I design a correct OO design in case of a Business-logic wide operation

  - by Mithir

  EDIT: Maybe I should ask the question in a different way. in light of ammoQ's comment, I realize that I've done something like suggested which is kind of a fix and it is fine by me. But I still want to learn for the future, so that if I develop new code for operations similar to this, I can design it correctly from the start. So, if I got the following characteristics: The relevant input is composed from data which is connected to several different business objects All the input data is validated and cross-checked Attempts are made in order to insert the data to the DB All this is just a single operation from Business side prospective, meaning all of the cross checking and validations are just side effects. I can't think of any other way but some sort of Operator/Coordinator kind of Object which activates the entire procedure, but then I fall into a Functional-Decomposition kind of code. so is there a better way in doing this? Original Question In our system we have many complex operations which involve many validations and DB activities. One of the main Business functionality could have been designed better. In short, there were no separation of layers, and the code would only work from the scenario in which it was first designed at, and now there were more scenarios (like requests from an API or from other devices) So I had to redesign. I found myself moving all the DB code to objects which acts like Business to DB objects, and I've put all the business logic in an Operator kind of a class, which I've implemented like this: First, I created an object which will hold all the information needed for the operation let's call it InformationObject. Then I created an OperatorObject which will take the InformationObject as a parameter and act on it. The OperatorObject should activate different objects and validate or check for existence or any scenario in which the business logic is compromised and then make the operation according to the information on the InformationObject. So my question is - Is this kind of implementation correct? PS, this Operator only works on a single Business-wise Operation.

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• cpanel api fileman alternative

  - by Coombesy

  trying to remotely unpack a zip file, then move the contents on cpanel servers. Some research led me to xmlApi class and the fileman module. And here my problem lies as Fileman module is returning html based on the cpanel theme (which we won't know) - and all I need is a list of files. here is the code flow: * using ftp, the zip is uploaded * using Fileman module unpack zip * loop through unpacked files and move here is my call to list the files: $files_html = $xml->api1_query($user, "Fileman", "listfiles", array( "{$ftp_dir}", //source dir 0 //chooser )); and it is returning the html for the filemanager - which is going to be different based on the cpanel theme. Surely their has to be another way to simply just list the files in that directory? any help would be appreciated, been researching this for past day and can't find solution anywhere. cheers ;)

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• Bit by bit comparison of using Java or Python for unit testing frameworks and Selenium

  - by Anirudh

  Currently we are in the process of finalizing which language out of Java, Python should be used for Automation using selenium webdriver and a suitable unit testing frameworks. I have made use of Junit, TestNG and webdriver while using with Java and have designed frameworks without much fuss before. I am new to python though I came across pyhton's unit testing frameworks like unittest, pyunit, nose e.t.c but I have doubts if they would be as successful as testNG or Java. I would like to analyze point by point when used with selenium webdriver as below: 1)I have read that as Python is an interpreted language hence it's execution is slower, so say if I have to run 1000 test cases which take about 6 hours to run in Java, would python take considerably longer time for the same test cases like 8 hours? 2)Can the Python unit testing framework be as flexible as a Java unit testing framework like testNG in terms or Grouping the tests, parallel execution, skipping test. e.t.c 3)Also one point that I think of is that Python with selenium webdriver doeasn't have as big or learned community as we have for Java with webdriver, say if I run into trouble with something I am more likely to find an answer for Java as compared to python? 4)Somewhat related to point 3, is it safe to rely on tools, plugins or even webderiver's python's binding as a continuously well maintained? 5)One major drawback as I see while using python's unit testing framework is lack of boilerplate code or libraries for nicely illustrative HTML reports preferably historical reports with Pie charts, bar graphs and timelines as we have in case of Java like Allure, TestNG's default reports, reportNG or Junit reports with the help of ANT as shown below Allure Reports Junit Historical reports Also I would like to emphasize on the fact if there is a way for one to write the framework in java and make libraries or utilities according to out application in webdriver which can easily be called or integrated in with python code or modules? That would actually solve the problem for us as the client would be able to use the code we write in Java and make use of the same or call it from their python modules?

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• How can i remove some installed python modules in centos

  - by user1513613

  I am getting ths error Python 2.7.5 (default, Jul 2 2013, 13:33:13) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import MySQLdb Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 23, in <module> (version_info, _mysql.version_info)) ImportError: this is MySQLdb version (1, 2, 4, 'final', 1), but _mysql is version (1, 2, 3, 'final', 0) >>> Now i dont know how i have installed that. i treid so many things like yum , pip easy, install etc. how can i remove all versions of MysqlDB FROM THERE

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• /etc/environment not being read into PATH variable

  - by Dan

  In Ubuntu the path variable is stored in /etc/environment. This is mine (I've made no changes to it, this is the system default): $ cat /etc/environment PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games" but when I examine my PATH variable: $ echo $PATH /home/dan/bin:/home/dan/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/X11 You'll notice /usr/games is missing (it was there up until a few days ago). My /etc/profile makes no mention of PATH. My ~/.profile is the default and only has: if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" fi This only happens in gnome, not in tty1-6. This is missing from both gnome terminal and when I try to call applications from the applications dropdown. Anyone know what could be causing this? Thanks.

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• EM12c Release 4: Cloud Control to Major Tom...

  - by abulloch

  With the latest release of Enterprise Manager 12c, Release 4 (12.1.0.4) the EM development team has added new functionality to assist the EM Administrator to monitor the health of the EM infrastructure.   Taking feedback delivered from customers directly and through customer advisory boards some nice enhancements have been made to the “Manage Cloud Control” sections of the UI, commonly known in the EM community as “the MTM pages” (MTM stands for Monitor the Monitor).  This part of the EM Cloud Control UI is viewed by many as the mission control for EM Administrators. In this post we’ll highlight some of the new information that’s on display in these redesigned pages and explain how the information they present can help EM administrators identify potential bottlenecks or issues with the EM infrastructure. The first page we’ll take a look at is the newly designed Repository information page.  You can get to this from the main Setup menu, through Manage Cloud Control, then Repository.  Once this page loads you’ll see the new layout that includes 3 tabs containing more drill-down information. The Repository Tab The first tab, Repository, gives you a series of 6 panels or regions on screen that display key information that the EM Administrator needs to review from time to time to ensure that their infrastructure is in good health. Rather than go through every panel let’s call out a few and let you explore the others later yourself on your own EM site.  Firstly, we have the Repository Details panel. At a glance the EM Administrator can see the current version of the EM repository database and more critically, three important elements of information relating to availability and reliability :- Is the database in Archive Log mode ? Is the database using Flashback ? When was the last database backup taken ? In this test environment above the answers are not too worrying, however, Production environments should have at least Archivelog mode enabled, Flashback is a nice feature to enable prior to upgrades (for fast rollback) and all Production sites should have a backup.  In this case the backup information in the Control file indicates there’s been no recorded backups taken. The next region of interest to note on this page shows key information around the Repository configuration, specifically, the initialisation parameters (from the spfile). If you’re storing your EM Repository in a Cluster Database you can view the parameters on each individual instance using the Instance Name drop-down selector in the top right of the region. Additionally, you’ll note there is now a check performed on the active configuration to ensure that you’re using, at the very least, Oracle minimum recommended values.  Should the values in your EM Repository not meet these requirements it will be flagged in this table with a red X for non-compliance.  You can of-course change these values within EM by selecting the Database target and modifying the parameters in the spfile (and optionally, the run-time values if the parameter allows dynamic changes). The last region to call out on this page before moving on is the new look Repository Scheduler Job Status region. This region is an update of a similar region seen on previous releases of the MTM pages in Cloud Control but there’s some important new functionality that’s been added that customers have requested. First-up - Restarting Repository Jobs.  As you can see from the graphic, you can now optionally select a job (by selecting the row in the UI table element) and click on the Restart Job button to take care of any jobs which have stopped or stalled for any reason.  Previously this needed to be done at the command line using EMDIAG or through a PL/SQL package invocation.  You can now take care of this directly from within the UI. Next, you’ll see that a feature has been added to allow the EM administrator to customise the run-time for some of the background jobs that run in the Repository.  We heard from some customers that ensuring these jobs don’t clash with Production backups, etc is a key requirement.  This new functionality allows you to select the pencil icon to edit the schedule time for these more resource intensive background jobs and modify the schedule to avoid clashes like this. Moving onto the next tab, let’s select the Metrics tab. The Metrics Tab There’s some big changes here, this page contains new information regions that help the Administrator understand the direct impact the in-bound metric flows are having on the EM Repository.  Many customers have provided feedback that they are in the dark about the impact of adding new targets or large numbers of new hosts or new target types into EM and the impact this has on the Repository.  This page helps the EM Administrator get to grips with this.  Let’s take a quick look at two regions on this page. First-up there’s a bubble chart showing a comprehensive view of the top resource consumers of metric data, over the last 30 days, charted as the number of rows loaded against the number of collections for the metric.  The size of the bubble indicates a relative volume.  You can see from this example above that a quick glance shows that Host metrics are the largest inbound flow into the repository when measured by number of rows.  Closely following behind this though are a large number of collections for Oracle Weblogic Server and Application Deployment.  Taken together the Host Collections is around 0.7Mb of data.  The total information collection for Weblogic Server and Application Deployments is 0.38Mb and 0.37Mb respectively. If you want to get this information breakdown on the volume of data collected simply hover over the bubble in the chart and you’ll get a floating tooltip showing the information. Clicking on any bubble in the chart takes you one level deeper into a drill-down of the Metric collection. Doing this reveals the individual metric elements for these target types and again shows a representation of the relative cost - in terms of Number of Rows, Number of Collections and Storage cost of data for each Metric type. Looking at another panel on this page we can see a different view on this data. This view shows a view of the Top N metrics (the drop down allows you to select 10, 15 or 20) and sort them by volume of data.  In the case above we can see the largest metric collection (by volume) in this case (over the last 30 days) is the information about OS Registered Software on a Host target. Taken together, these two regions provide a powerful tool for the EM Administrator to understand the potential impact of any new targets that have been discovered and promoted into management by EM12c.  It’s a great tool for identifying the cause of a sudden increase in Repository storage consumption or Redo log and Archive log generation. Using the information on this page EM Administrators can take action to mitigate any load impact by deploying monitoring templates to the targets causing most load if appropriate.   The last tab we’ll look at on this page is the Schema tab. The Schema Tab Selecting this tab brings up a window onto the SYSMAN schema with a focus on Space usage in the EM Repository.  Understanding what tablespaces are growing, at what rate, is essential information for the EM Administrator to stay on top of managing space allocations for the EM Repository so that it works as efficiently as possible and performs well for the users.  Not least because ensuring storage is managed well ensures continued availability of EM for monitoring purposes. The first region to highlight here shows the trend of space usage for the tablespaces in the EM Repository over time.  You can see the upward trend here showing that storage in the EM Repository is being consumed on an upward trend over the last few days here. This is normal as this EM being used here is brand new with Agents being added daily to bring targets into monitoring.  If your Enterprise Manager configuration has reached a steady state over a period of time where the number of new inbound targets is relatively small, the metric collection settings are fairly uniform and standardised (using Templates and Template Collections) you’re likely to see a trend of space allocation that plateau’s. The table below the trend chart shows the Top 20 Tables/Indexes sorted descending by order of space consumed.  You can switch the trend view chart and corresponding detail table by choosing a different tablespace in the EM Repository using the drop-down picker on the top right of this region. The last region to highlight on this page is the region showing information about the Purge policies in effect in the EM Repository. This information is useful to illustrate to EM Administrators the default purge policies in effect for the different categories of information available in the EM Repository.  Of course, it’s also been a long requested feature to have the ability to modify these default retention periods.  You can also do this using this screen.  As there are interdependencies between some data elements you can’t modify retention policies on a feature by feature basis.  Instead, retention policies take categories of information and bundles them together in Groups.  Retention policies are modified at the Group Level.  Understanding the impact of this really deserves a blog post all on it’s own as modifying these can have a significant impact on both the EM Repository’s storage footprint and it’s performance.  For now, we’re just highlighting the features visibility on these new pages. As a user of EM12c we hope the new features you see here address some of the feedback that’s been given on these pages over the past few releases.  We’ll look out for any comments or feedback you have on these pages ! 

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• UPK Professional Customer Success Story: Medtronic

  - by [email protected]

  In case you missed the live event, be sure to listen to last week's UPK Customer iSeminar featuring Medtronic. This was the first iSeminar in our quarterly series to showcase UPK Professional (UPK and Knowledge Pathways). Donna Miller and Staci Gilbert gave viewers an inside look at samples of Medtronic's content as they shared their experiences, methodology and best practices for use of the solution. Here are some highlights of the call: • Medtronic initially purchased UPK Professional to support a multi-year, global SAP rollout for 9,000 end users located in 24 countries. • As time went on, they expanded their use of UPK Professional to include several of their other enterprise applications: PeopleSoft, Siebel CRM, Hyperion Financial Management, a number of SAP bolt-ons, Documentum, TrackWise, and many others. • In combination with their Saba LMS, UPK Professional has allowed Medtronic to create, deploy, track and certify consistent end user training for critical transactions and processes across their organization worldwide - essential for a company in a heavily regulated industry. • For key pieces of content or certain end user populations, some Medtronic business units localize/translate the global UPK content. Staci demonstrated examples of their SAP content which has been translated into Japanese. • In the live SAP environment, end users rely on UPK's context sensitive in-application performance support. Medtronic has found this to be very helpful post go-live, giving just-in-time support so end users are confident in a new system or when performing tasks they don't often touch (at quarter or year end). UPK also serves as Medtronic's internal Google. • Medtronic has realized savings on many fronts: reduction in support calls due to in-application performance support, elimination of their training clients, and speedier training (1.5 days rather than 5-7 days) of temporary workers by moving from ILT to a blended solution that includes UPK simulations for eLearning. Thanks again to Donna and Staci for an exceptional presentation. They offered so many great examples for anyone who's looking for ways to get more out of UPK or interested in learning about UPK Professional: Knowledge Pathways. - Karen Rihs, Oracle UPK Outbound Product Management

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• how to get gateway address

  - by brknl

  I am trying to get gateway address but when i call "route -n" I expect to see something like that Destination Gateway Genmask Flags 0.0.0.0 dnsip 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 but I only see the flag U ones and gateway ip is 0.0.0.0. When i look /etc/sysconfig/network/routes i can see the gateway address. I can not use that file because not every versions of open suse have that file. So i need to use a common way to find out the gateway addres.

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• OFM 11g: Implementing OAM SSO with Forms

  - by olaf.heimburger

  There is some confusion about the integration of OFM 11g Forms with Oracle Access Manager 11g (OAM). Some say this does not work, some say it works, but.... Actually, having implemented it many times I belong to the later group. Here is how. Caveat Before you start installing anything, take a step back and consider your current implementation and what you really need and want to achieve. The current integration of Forms 11g with OAM 11g does not support self-service account creation and password resets from the Forms application. If you really need this, you must use the existing Oracle AS 10.1.4.3 infrastructure. On the other hand, if your user population is pretty stable, you can enjoy the latest Forms 11g with OAM 11g. Assumptions The whole process should be done in one day. I assume that all domains and instances are started during setup, if you need to restart them on demand or purpose, be sure to have proper start/stop scripts, I don't mention them. Preparation It goes without saying, that you always should do a proper backup before you change anything on your production environment. With proper backup, I also mean a tested and verified restore process. If you dared to test it before, do it now. It pays off. Requirements For OAM 11g to work properly you need a LDAP repository. For the integration of Forms 11g you need an Oracle Internet Directory (OID) configured with the Oracle AS SSO LDAP extensions. For better support I usually give the latest version a try, in this case OID 11g is a good choice.During the Installation and Integration steps we use an upgrade wizard that needs the old OID configuration on the same host but in a different ORACLE_HOME. Installation vs Configuration With OFM 11g Oracle introduced a clear separation between Installation of the binaries (the software) and the Configuration of the instances (the runtime). This is really great as you can install all the software and create new instances when needed. In the following we adhere to this scheme and install the software first and then configure the instances later. Installation Steps The Oracle documentation contains all the necessary steps for the installation of all pieces of software. But some hints help to avoid traps and pitfalls. Step 1 The Database Start the installation with the database. It is quite obvious but we need an Oracle database for all the other steps. If you have one at hand, fine. If not, just install at least a Oracle 10.2.0.4 version. This database can be on a different host. Step 2 The Repository Creation Utility The next step should be to run the Repository Creation Utility (RCU). This is a client application that just needs to connect to your database. It can be run on any host that can reach the database and is a Windows or Linux 32-bit machine. When you run it, be sure to install the OID schema and the OAM schema. If you miss one of these, you can run the RCU again to install the missing schema. Step 3 The Foundation With OFM 11g Oracle started to use WebLogic Server 11g (WLS) as its foundation for all OFM 11g installation. We therefore install it first. Depending on your operating system, it might be possible, that no native installer is available. My approach to this dilemma is to use the WLS Generic Installer for all my installations. It does not include a JDK either but if you have both for your platform you are ready to go. Step 3a The JDK To make things interesting, Oracle currently has two JDKs in its portfolio. The Sun JDK and the JRockit JDK. Both are available for a number of platforms. If you are lucky and both are available for your platform, install both in a separate directory (and not one of your ORACLE_HOMEs) each, You can use the later as you like. Step 3b Install WLS for OID and OAM With the JDK installed, we start the generic installer with java -jar wls_generic.jar.STOP! Before you do this, check the version first. It should be 1.6.0_18 or later and not the GCC one (Some Linux distros have it installed by default). To verify the version, issue a java -version command and make sure that the output does not contain the text gcj and the version matches. If this does not work, use an absolute path like /opt/java/jdk1.6.0_23/bin/java to start the installer. The installer allows you to specify a path to install the software into, say /opt/oracle/iam/11.1.1.3 for the OID and OAM installation. We will call this IAM_HOME. Step 4 Install OID Now we are ready to install OID. Start the OID installer (in the Disk1 directory) and just select the installation only step. This will install the software only and does not configure the instance. Use the IAM_HOME as the target directory. Step 5 Install SOA Suite The IAM 11g Suite uses the BPEL component of the SOA Suite 11g for its workflows. This is a pretty closed environment and not to be used for SCA Composites. We install the SOA Suite in $IAM_HOME/soa. The installer only installs the binaries. Configuration will be done later. Step 6 Install OAM Once the installation of OID and SOA is done, we are ready to install the OAM software in the same IAM_HOME. Make sure to install the OAM binaries in a directory different from the one you used during the OID and SOA installation. As before, we only install the software, the instance will be created later. Step 7 Backup the Installation At this point, I normally do a backup (or snapshot in a virtual image) of the installation. Good when you need to go back to this point. Step 8 Configure OID The software is installed and now we need instances to run it. This process is called configuration. For OID use the config.sh found in $IAM_HOME/oid/bin to start the configuration wizard. Normally this runs smoothly. If you encounter some issues check the Oracle Support site for help. This configuration will also start the OID instance. Step 9 Install the Oracle AS SSO Schema Before we install the Forms software we need to install the Oracle AS SSO Schema into the database and OID. This is a rather dangerous procedure, but fully documented in the IAM Installation Guide, Chapter 10. You should finish this in one go, do not reboot your host during the whole procedure. As a precaution, you should make a backup of the OID instance before you start the procedure. Once the backup is ready, read the chapter, including every note, carefully. You can avoid a number of issues by following all the steps and will succeed with a working solution. Step 10 Configure OAM Reached this step? Great. You are ready to create an OAM instance. Use the $IAM_HOME/iam/common/binconfig.sh for this. This will open the WLS Domain Creation Wizard and asks for the libraries to be installed. You should at least select the OAM with Database repository item. The configuration will also start the OAM instance. Step 11 Install WLS for Forms 11g It is quite tempting to install everything in one ORACLE_HOME. Unfortunately this does not work for all OFM packages. Therefore we do another WLS installation in another ORACLE_HOME. The same considerations as in step 3b apply. We call this one FORMS_HOME. Step 12 Install Forms In the FORMS_HOME we now install the binaries for the Forms 11g software. Again, this is a install only step. Configuration starts with the next step. Step 13 Configure Forms To configure Forms 11g we start the Configuration Wizard (config.sh) in FORMS_HOME/bin. This wizard should create a new WebLogic Domain and an OHS instance! Do not extend existing domains or instances! Forms should run in its own instances! When all information is supplied, the wizard will create the domain and instance and starts them automatically.Step 14 Setup your Forms SSO EnvironmentOnce you have implemented and tested your Forms 11g instance, you can configured it for SSO. Yes, this requires the old Oracle AS SSO solution, OIDDAS for creating and assigning users and SSO to setup your partner applications. In this step you should consider to create every user necessary for use within the environment. When done, do not forget to test it. Step 15 Migrate the SSO Repository Since the final goal is to get rid of the old SSO implementation we need to migrate the old SSO repository into the new OID structure. Additionally, this step will also migrate all partner application configurations into OAM 11g. Quite convenient. To do this step, you have to start the upgrade agent (ua or ua.bat or ua.cmd) on the operating system level in $IAM_HOME/bin. Once finished, this wizard will create new osso.conf files for each partner application in $IAM_HOME/upgrade/temp/oam/.Note: At the time of this writing, this step only works if everything is on the same host (ie. OID, OAM, etc.). This restriction might be lifted in later releases. Step 16 Change your OHS sso.conf and shut down OC4J_SECURITY In Step 14 we verified that SSO for our Forms environment works fine. Now, we are shutting the old system done and reconfigure the OHS that acts as the Forms entry point. First we go to the OHS configuration directory and rename the old osso.conf  to osso.conf.10g. Now we change the moduleconf/mod_osso.conf  to point to the new osso.conf file. Copy the new osso.conf  file from $IAM_HOME/upgrade/temp/oam/ to the OHS configuration directory. Restart OHS, test forms by using the same forms links. OAM should now kick in and show the login dialog to ask for your user credentials.Done. Now your Forms environment is successfully integrated with OAM 11g.Enjoy. What's Next? This rather lengthy setup is just the foundation for your growing environment of OAM 11g protections. In the next entry we will show that Forms 11g and ADF Faces 11g can use the same OAM installation and provide real single sign-on. References Nearly everything is documented. Use the documentation! Oracle® Fusion Middleware Installation Guide for Oracle Identity Management 11gR1 Oracle® Fusion Middleware Installation Guide for Oracle Identity Management 11gR1, Chapter 11-14 Oracle® Fusion Middleware Administrator's Guide for Oracle Access Manager 11gR1, Appendix B Oracle® Fusion Middleware Upgrade Guide for Oracle Identity Management 11gR1, Chapter 10   

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• A standard style guide or best-practice guide for web application development

  - by gutch

  I run a very small team of developers on a web application, just three people (and not even full time). We're all capable developers, but we write our code in very different ways: we name similar things in different ways, we use different HTML and CSS to achieve similar outcomes. We can manage this OK because we're small, but can't help feeling it would be better to get some standards in place. Are there any good style guides or best-practice guides for web application development that we can use to keep our code under control? Sure, we could write them ourselves. But the reality is that with lots to do and very few staff, we're not going to bother. We need something off the shelf that we can tinker with rather than start from scratch. What we're not looking for here is basic code formatting rules like "whether to use tabs or spaces" or "where to put line breaks" — we can control this by standardising our IDEs. What we are looking for are rules for code and markup. For example: What HTML markup should be used for headers, tables, sidebars, buttons, etc. When to add new CSS styles, and what to name them When IDs should be allocated to HTML elements, and what to name them How Javascript functions should be declared and called How to pick an appropriate URL for given page or AJAX call When to use each HTTP method, ie POST vs GET vs PUT etc How to name server-side methods (Java, in our case) How to throw and handle errors and exceptions in a consistent way etc, etc.

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• Windows lowers volume because of "communication"

  - by SnippetSpace

  Randomly, or at system sound (usb connect for example) Windows 8 lowers the volume of all other sources. (Same problem can exist on windows 7, just look online). This is happening because of the "communication detection" made to detect phone calls and then lower volume. But in my case it happens all the time without reason as if windows always considers myself in a call. Do any of you have the same problem? is this a driver issue or a windows issue? I know this has been posted many times but they usually just tell you to turn off the setting above. I'm looking for an explanation or a solution :). Thanks for your feedback and ideas.

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• ArchBeat Link-o-Rama for 2012-03-16

  - by Bob Rhubart

  Applications Architecture | Roy Hunter and Brian Rasmussen www.oracle.com Roy Hunter and Brian Rasmussen examine the strategies three organizations applied to modernize their application architectures. Part of the Oracle Experiences in Enterprise Architecture article series. Public Sector Architecture | Jeremy Foreman and Hamza Jahangir www.oracle.com Jeremy Foreman and Hamza Jahangir examine the strategies used by two different organizations in deploying their respective future-state architectures. Part of the Oracle Experiences in Enterprise Architecture article series. XMLA vs BAPI | Sunil S. Ranka sranka.wordpress.com Oracle ACE Sunil Ranka's brief primer on the XMLA and BAPI standards. The Java EE 6 Example - Running Galleria on WebLogic 12 - Part 3 | Markus Eisele blog.eisele.net Oracle ACE Director Markus Eisele continues his series on working with Galleria. Oracle Linux Online Forum - March 27 event.on24.com Date: Tuesday, March 27, 2012 Time: 9:30 AM PT / 12:30 PM ET Hosts: Oracle Executives Edward Screven and Wim Coekaerts. Customer Presentation: How Oracle Helps Reduce Cost and Improve Performance of Database Applications at Progressive Insurance Speaker: John Dome What's New in Oracle Linux Speakers: Waseem Daher, Chris Mason, Elena Zannoni, Lenz Grimmer Get More Value from your Linux Vendor Speakers: Sergio Leunissen, Chris Mason, Monica Kumar JavaOne 2012 Call for Papers www.oracle.com Don't keep all that Java skill locked up in your overstuffed cranium. Submit your proposal for that killer paper now to share your experience at this year’s JavaOne. Running applications in the cloud are not designed for the cloud | Tom Laszewski blogs.oracle.com "The issue you face with moving client/server applications to the cloud via rehosting is 'where will the applications run?'" says Tom Laszewski. GlassFish 3.1.2 - Which Platform(s)? | The Aquarium blogs.oracle.com The Aquarium shares a list of GlassFish 3.1.2-supported operating systems and JVMs. IT Strategies from Oracle; Three Recipes for Oracle Service Bus 11g ; Stir Up Some SOA www.oracle.com Featured this week on the OTN Architect Portal, along with the latest events, product downloads, community social resources, articles on hot topics, and a whole lot more. Thought for the Day "No matter what the problem is, it's always a people problem." — Gerald M. Weinberg

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• Will using Apache's ProxyPass directive on persistent Ajax connections alleviate the connection limit error?

  - by naurus

  I've got some javascript that keeps a persistent Ajax connection open for each client, and I know that this can cause some serious issues for apache, but not for lighttpd. One thing I learned from researching how to get around this was how to use the ProxyPass directive to send all requests for a certain directory to another address:port combination (without letting the user know). What I want to know is, if I put my PHP in a proxy'd (to lighttpd) directory and call that with javascript, will this still count against my apache connection limit? The reason I wonder is that apache is still serving the content, just not processing it. Seems to me that this would be a connection. Thanks

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• Lucky Kid Gets Playable Angry Birds Cake [Video]

  - by ETC

  If you’re a six-year-old that loves Angry Birds we’re not sure you could get a better cake than a playable Angry Birds mock-up. It’s one thing to make a static Angry Birds cake, that takes a certain level of cake baking skill. It’s another thing altogether to make a cake that is a playable mock-up of the game, complete with slingshot and avian projectiles. It’s become a family tradition that I make increasingly ridiculous birthday cakes for my kids each year. So with my little boy Ben turning 6-years-old over the weekend, and appreciating his love of Angry Birds, I thought I’d have a shot a making him a playable Angry Birds birthday cake with working catapult and iced birds as ammunition. [...] It took 10 hours to make and 2 minutes to destroy. Angry Birds Cake [Electric Pig via Mashable] Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How To Make Hundreds of Complex Photo Edits in Seconds With Photoshop Actions How to Enable User-Specific Wireless Networks in Windows 7 How to Use Google Chrome as Your Default PDF Reader (the Easy Way) How To Remove People and Objects From Photographs In Photoshop Ask How-To Geek: How Can I Monitor My Bandwidth Usage? Internet Explorer 9 RC Now Available: Here’s the Most Interesting New Stuff Lucky Kid Gets Playable Angry Birds Cake [Video] See the Lord of the Rings Epic from the Perspective of Mordor [eBook] Smart Taskbar Is a Thumb Friendly Android Task Launcher Comix is an Awesome Comics Archive Viewer for Linux Get the MakeUseOf eBook Guide to Speeding Up Windows for Free Need Tech Support? Call the Star Wars Help Desk! [Video Classic]

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• My software is hosted on a "bad" website. Can I do anything about it?

  - by Abluescarab

  The software I've created is hosted on what you could call a "bad" website. It's hard to explain, so I'll just provide an example. I've made a free password generator. This, along with most of my other FREE software, is available on this website. This is their description of my software: Platform: 7/7 x64/Windows 2K/XP/2003/Vista Size: 61.6 Mb License: Trial File Type: .7z Last Updated: June 4th, 2011, 15:38 UTC Avarage Download Speed: 6226 Kb/s Last Week Downloads: 476 Toatal Downloads: 24908 Not only is the size completely skewed, it is not trial software, it's free software. The thing is that it's not the description I'm worried about--it's the download links. The website is a scam website. They apparently link to "cracks" and "keygens", but not only is that in itself illegal, they actually link to fake download websites that give you viruses and charge your credit card. Just to list things that are wrong with this website: they claim all software is paid software then offer downloads for keygens and cracks; they fake all details about the program and any program reviews and ratings; they and the downloads site they link to are probably run by the same person, so they make money off of these lies. I'm only a teenager with no means to pursue legal action. This means that, unfortunately, I can't do anything that will actually get results. I'd like my software to only be downloaded off my personal website. I have links to four legitimate locations to download my software and that's it. Essentially, is there anything I can do about this? As I said above, I can't pursue legal action, but is there some way I can discourage traffic to that website by blacklisting it or something? Can I make a claim on MY website to only download my software from the links I provide? Or should I just pay no mind? Because, honestly, it's a bit of a ways back in Google results. Thank you ahead of time.

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• F5/BigIP rule to redirect affinity-bound users from INACTIVE pool node to other ACTIVE node

  - by j pimmel

  We have several server nodes set up for the end users of our system and because we don't use any kind of session replication in the app servers, F5 maintains affinity for users with the ACTIVE node the client was first bound to. At times when we want to re-deploy the app, we change the F5 config and take a node out of the ACTIVE pool. Gradually the users filter off and we can deploy, but the process is a bit slow. We can't just dump all the users into a different node because - given the update heavy nature of the user activities - we could cause them to lose changes. That said, there is one URL/endpoint - call it http://site/product/list - which we know, when the client hits it, that we could shove them off the INACTIVE node they had affinity with and onto a different ACTIVE node. We have had a few tries writing an F5 rule along these lines, but haven't had much success so i thought I might ask here, assuming it's possible - I have no reason to think it's not based on what we have found so far.

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• A Closable jQuery Plug-in

  - by Rick Strahl

  In my client side development I deal a lot with content that pops over the main page. Be it data entry ‘windows’ or dialogs or simple pop up notes. In most cases this behavior goes with draggable windows, but sometimes it’s also useful to have closable behavior on static page content that the user can choose to hide or otherwise make invisible or fade out. Here’s a small jQuery plug-in that provides .closable() behavior to most elements by using either an image that is provided or – more appropriately by using a CSS class to define the picture box layout. /* * * Closable * * Makes selected DOM elements closable by making them * invisible when close icon is clicked * * Version 1.01 * @requires jQuery v1.3 or later * * Copyright (c) 2007-2010 Rick Strahl * http://www.west-wind.com/ * * Licensed under the MIT license: * http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php Support CSS: .closebox { position: absolute; right: 4px; top: 4px; background-image: url(images/close.gif); background-repeat: no-repeat; width: 14px; height: 14px; cursor: pointer; opacity: 0.60; filter: alpha(opacity="80"); } .closebox:hover { opacity: 0.95; filter: alpha(opacity="100"); } Options: * handle Element to place closebox into (like say a header). Use if main element and closebox container are two different elements. * closeHandler Function called when the close box is clicked. Return true to close the box return false to keep it visible. * cssClass The CSS class to apply to the close box DIV or IMG tag. * imageUrl Allows you to specify an explicit IMG url that displays the close icon. If used bypasses CSS image styling. * fadeOut Optional provide fadeOut speed. Default no fade out occurs */ (function ($) { $.fn.closable = function (options) { var opt = { handle: null, closeHandler: null, cssClass: "closebox", imageUrl: null, fadeOut: null }; $.extend(opt, options); return this.each(function (i) { var el = $(this); var pos = el.css("position"); if (!pos || pos == "static") el.css("position", "relative"); var h = opt.handle ? $(opt.handle).css({ position: "relative" }) : el; var div = opt.imageUrl ? $("<img>").attr("src", opt.imageUrl).css("cursor", "pointer") : $("<div>"); div.addClass(opt.cssClass) .click(function (e) { if (opt.closeHandler) if (!opt.closeHandler.call(this, e)) return; if (opt.fadeOut) $(el).fadeOut(opt.fadeOut); else $(el).hide(); }); if (opt.imageUrl) div.css("background-image", "none"); h.append(div); }); } })(jQuery); The plugin can be applied against any selector that is a container (typically a div tag). The close image or close box is provided typically by way of a CssClass - .closebox by default – which supplies the image as part of the CSS styling. The default styling for the box looks something like this: .closebox { position: absolute; right: 4px; top: 4px; background-image: url(images/close.gif); background-repeat: no-repeat; width: 14px; height: 14px; cursor: pointer; opacity: 0.60; filter: alpha(opacity="80"); } .closebox:hover { opacity: 0.95; filter: alpha(opacity="100"); } Alternately you can also supply an image URL which overrides the background image in the style sheet. I use this plug-in mostly on pop up windows that can be closed, but it’s also quite handy for remove/delete behavior in list displays like this: you can find this sample here to look to play along: http://www.west-wind.com/WestwindWebToolkit/Samples/Ajax/AmazonBooks/BooksAdmin.aspx For closable windows it’s nice to have something reusable because in my client framework there are lots of different kinds of windows that can be created: Draggables, Modal Dialogs, HoverPanels etc. and they all use the client .closable plug-in to provide the closable operation in the same way with a few options. Plug-ins are great for this sort of thing because they can also be aggregated and so different components can pick and choose the behavior they want. The window here is a draggable, that’s closable and has shadow behavior and the server control can simply generate the appropriate plug-ins to apply to the main <div> tag: $().ready(function() { $('#ctl00_MainContent_panEditBook') .closable({ handle: $('#divEditBook_Header') }) .draggable({ dragDelay: 100, handle: '#divEditBook_Header' }) .shadow({ opacity: 0.25, offset: 6 }); }) The window is using the default .closebox style and has its handle set to the header bar (Book Information). The window is just closable to go away so no event handler is applied. Actually I cheated – the actual page’s .closable is a bit more ugly in the sample as it uses an image from a resources file: .closable({ imageUrl: '/WestWindWebToolkit/Samples/WebResource.axd?d=TooLongAndNastyToPrint', handle: $('#divEditBook_Header')}) so you can see how to apply a custom image, which in this case is generated by the server control wrapping the client DragPanel. More interesting maybe is to apply the .closable behavior to list scenarios. For example, each of the individual items in the list display also are .closable using this plug-in. Rather than having to define each item with Html for an image, event handler and link, when the client template is rendered the closable behavior is attached to the list. Here I’m using client-templating and the code that this is done with looks like this: function loadBooks() { showProgress(); // Clear the content $("#divBookListWrapper").empty(); var filter = $("#" + scriptVars.lstFiltersId).val(); Proxy.GetBooks(filter, function(books) { $(books).each(function(i) { updateBook(this); showProgress(true); }); }, onPageError); } function updateBook(book,highlight) { // try to retrieve the single item in the list by tag attribute id var item = $(".bookitem[tag=" +book.Pk +"]"); // grab and evaluate the template var html = parseTemplate(template, book); var newItem = $(html) .attr("tag", book.Pk.toString()) .click(function() { var pk = $(this).attr("tag"); editBook(this, parseInt(pk)); }) .closable({ closeHandler: function(e) { removeBook(this, e); }, imageUrl: "../../images/remove.gif" }); if (item.length > 0) item.after(newItem).remove(); else newItem.appendTo($("#divBookListWrapper")); if (highlight) { newItem .addClass("pulse") .effect("bounce", { distance: 15, times: 3 }, 400); setTimeout(function() { newItem.removeClass("pulse"); }, 1200); } } Here the closable behavior is applied to each of the items along with an event handler, which is nice and easy compared to having to embed the right HTML and click handling into each item in the list individually via markup. Ideally though (and these posts make me realize this often a little late) I probably should set up a custom cssClass to handle the rendering – maybe a CSS class called .removebox that only changes the image from the default box image. This example also hooks up an event handler that is fired in response to the close. In the list I need to know when the remove button is clicked so I can fire of a service call to the server to actually remove the item from the database. The handler code can also return false; to indicate that the window should not be closed optionally. Returning true will close the window. You can find more information about the .closable class behavior and options here: .closable Documentation Plug-ins make Server Control JavaScript much easier I find this plug-in immensely useful especial as part of server control code, because it simplifies the code that has to be generated server side tremendously. This is true of plug-ins in general which make it so much easier to create simple server code that only generates plug-in options, rather than full blocks of JavaScript code.  For example, here’s the relevant code from the DragPanel server control which generates the .closable() behavior: if (this.Closable && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(DragHandleID) ) { string imageUrl = this.CloseBoxImage; if (imageUrl == "WebResource" ) imageUrl = ScriptProxy.GetWebResourceUrl(this, this.GetType(), ControlResources.CLOSE_ICON_RESOURCE); StringBuilder closableOptions = new StringBuilder("imageUrl: '" + imageUrl + "'"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.DragHandleID)) closableOptions.Append(",handle: $('#" + this.DragHandleID + "')"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.ClientDialogHandler)) closableOptions.Append(",handler: " + this.ClientDialogHandler); if (this.FadeOnClose) closableOptions.Append(",fadeOut: 'slow'"); startupScript.Append(@" .closable({ " + closableOptions + "})"); } The same sort of block is then used for .draggable and .shadow which simply sets options. Compared to the code I used to have in pre-jQuery versions of my JavaScript toolkit this is a walk in the park. In those days there was a bunch of JS generation which was ugly to say the least. I know a lot of folks frown on using server controls, especially the UI is client centric as the example is. However, I do feel that server controls can greatly simplify the process of getting the right behavior attached more easily and with the help of IntelliSense. Often the script markup is easier is especially if you are dealing with complex, multiple plug-in associations that often express more easily with property values on a control. Regardless of whether server controls are your thing or not this plug-in can be useful in many scenarios. Even in simple client-only scenarios using a plug-in with a few simple parameters is nicer and more consistent than creating the HTML markup over and over again. I hope some of you find this even a small bit as useful as I have. Related Links Download jquery.closable West Wind Web Toolkit jQuery Plug-ins © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in jQuery   ASP.NET  JavaScript  

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• Security exception in Twitterizer

  - by Raghu

  Hi, We are using Twitterizer for Twitter integration to get the Tweets details. When making call to the method OAuthUtility.GetRequestToken, following exception is coming. System.Security.SecurityException: Request for the permission of type 'System.Net.WebPermission, System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089' failed. When the application is hosted on IIS 5, the application works fine and the above error is coming only when the application is hosted in IIS 7 on Windows 2008 R2. and the method OAuthUtility.GetRequestToken throws above exception. It seems the issue is something with code access security. Please suggest what kind of permissions should be given to fix the security exception. The application has the Full Trust and I have even tried by registering the Twitterizer DLL in GAC and still the same error is coming. I am not sure what makes the difference between IIS 5 and IIS 7 with regards to code access security to cause that exception. Following is the stack track of the exception. [SecurityException: Request for the permission of type 'System.Net.WebPermission, System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089' failed.] System.Security.CodeAccessSecurityEngine.Check(Object demand, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, Boolean isPermSet) +0 System.Security.CodeAccessPermission.Demand() +54 Twitterizer.OAuthUtility.ExecuteRequest(String baseUrl, Dictionary`2 parameters, HTTPVerb verb, String consumerKey, String consumerSecret, String token, String tokenSecret, WebProxy proxy) +224 Twitterizer.OAuthUtility.GetRequestToken(String consumerKey, String consumerSecret, String callbackAddress, WebProxy proxy) +238 Twitter._Default.btnSubmit_Click(Object sender, EventArgs e) +94 System.Web.UI.WebControls.Button.OnClick(EventArgs e) +115 System.Web.UI.WebControls.Button.RaisePostBackEvent(String eventArgument) +140 System.Web.UI.Page.RaisePostBackEvent(IPostBackEventHandler sourceControl, String eventArgument) +29 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequestMain(Boolean includeStagesBeforeAsyncPoint, Boolean includeStagesAfterAsyncPoint) +11045655 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequest(Boolean includeStagesBeforeAsyncPoint, Boolean includeStagesAfterAsyncPoint) +11045194 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequest() +91 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) +240 ASP.authorization_aspx.ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) in c:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\twitter\c2fd5853\dcb96ae9\App_Web_y_ada-ix.0.cs:0 System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +599 System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +171 Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance. Regards, Raghu

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• Abstract exception super type

  - by marcof

  If throwing System.Exception is considered so bad, why wasn't Exception made abstract in the first place? That way, it would not be possible to call: throw new Exception("Error occurred."); This would enforce using derived exceptions to provide more details about the error that occurred. For example, when I want to provide a custom exception hierarchy for a library, I usually declare an abstract base class for my exceptions: public abstract class CustomExceptionBase : Exception { /* some stuff here */ } And then some derived exception with a more specific purpose: public class DerivedCustomException : CustomExceptionBase { /* some more specific stuff here */ } Then when calling any library method, one could have this generic try/catch block to directly catch any error coming from the library: try { /* library calls here */ } catch (CustomExceptionBase ex) { /* exception handling */ } Is this a good practice? Would it be good if Exception was made abstract? EDIT : My point here is that even if an exception class is abstract, you can still catch it in a catch-all block. Making it abstract is only a way to forbid programmers to throw a "super-wide" exception. Usually, when you voluntarily throw an exception, you should know what type it is and why it happened. Thus enforcing to throw a more specific exception type.

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