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  • How Do I Enable My Ubuntu Server To Host Various SSL-Enabled Websites?

    - by Andy Ibanez
    Actually, I Have looked around for a few hours now, but I can't get this to work. The main problem I'm having is that only one out of two sites works. I have my website which will mostly be used for an app. It's called atajosapp.com . atajosapp.com will have three main sites: www.atajosapp.com <- Homepage for the app. auth.atajosapp.com <- Login endpoint for my API (needs SSL) api.atajosapp.com <- Main endpoint for my API (needs SSL). If you attempt to access api.atajosapp.com it works. It will throw you a 403 error and a JSON output, but that's fully intentional. If you try to access auth.atajosapp.com however, the site simply doesn't load. Chrome complains with: The webpage at https://auth.atajosapp.com/ might be temporarily down or it may have moved permanently to a new web address. Error code: ERR_TUNNEL_CONNECTION_FAILED But the website IS there. If you try to access www.atajosapp.com or any other HTTP site, it connects fine. It just doesn't like dealing with more than one HTTPS websites, it seems. The VirtualHost for api.atajosapp.com looks like this: <VirtualHost *:443> DocumentRoot /var/www/api.atajosapp.com ServerName api.atajosapp.com SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /certificates/STAR_atajosapp_com.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /certificates/star_atajosapp_com.key SSLCertificateChainFile /certificates/PositiveSSLCA2.crt </VirtualHost> auth.atajosapp.com Looks very similar: <VirtualHost *:443> DocumentRoot /var/www/auth.atajosapp.com ServerName auth.atajosapp.com SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /certificates/STAR_atajosapp_com.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /certificates/star_atajosapp_com.key SSLCertificateChainFile /certificates/PositiveSSLCA2.crt </VirtualHost> Now I have found many websites that talk about possible solutions. At first, I was getting a message like this: _default_ VirtualHost overlap on port 443, the first has precedence But after googling for hours, I managed to solve it by editing both apache2.conf and ports.conf. This is the last thing I added to ports.conf: <IfModule mod_ssl.c> NameVirtualHost *:443 # SSL name based virtual hosts are not yet supported, therefore no # NameVirtualHost statement here NameVirtualHost *:443 Listen 443 </IfModule> Still, right now only api.atajosapp.com and www.atajosapp.com are working. I still can't access auth.atajosapp.com. When I check the error log, I see this: Init: Name-based SSL virtual hosts only work for clients with TLS server name indication support (RFC 4366) I don't know what else to do to make both sites work fine on this. I purchased a Wildcard SSL certificate from Comodo that supposedly secures *.atajosapp.com, so after hours trying and googling, I don't know what's wrong anymore. Any help will be really appreciated. EDIT: I just ran the apachectl -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS command and this is the output. Can't make much sense of it...: root@atajosapp:/# apachectl -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using atajosapp.com for ServerName [Thu Nov 07 02:01:24 2013] [warn] NameVirtualHost *:443 has no VirtualHosts VirtualHost configuration: wildcard NameVirtualHosts and _default_ servers: *:443 is a NameVirtualHost default server api.atajosapp.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/api.atajosapp.com:1) port 443 namevhost api.atajosapp.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/api.atajosapp.com:1) port 443 namevhost auth.atajosapp.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/auth.atajosapp.com:1) *:80 is a NameVirtualHost default server atajosapp.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default:1) port 80 namevhost atajosapp.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default:1)

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  • Diagnosing packet loss / high latency in Ubuntu

    - by Sam Gammon
    We have a Linux box (Ubuntu 12.04) running Nginx (1.5.2), which acts as a reverse proxy/load balancer to some Tornado and Apache hosts. The upstream servers are physically and logically close (same DC, sometimes same-rack) and show sub-millisecond latency between them: PING appserver (10.xx.xx.112) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from appserver (10.xx.xx.112): icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.180 ms 64 bytes from appserver (10.xx.xx.112): icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.165 ms 64 bytes from appserver (10.xx.xx.112): icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.153 ms We receive a sustained load of about 500 requests per second, and are currently seeing regular packet loss / latency spikes from the Internet, even from basic pings: sam@AM-KEEN ~> ping -c 1000 loadbalancer PING 50.xx.xx.16 (50.xx.xx.16): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=0 ttl=56 time=11.624 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=1 ttl=56 time=10.494 ms ... many packets later ... Request timeout for icmp_seq 2 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=1536.516 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=3 ttl=56 time=536.907 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=4 ttl=56 time=9.389 ms ... many packets later ... Request timeout for icmp_seq 919 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=918 ttl=56 time=2932.571 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=919 ttl=56 time=1932.174 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=920 ttl=56 time=932.018 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=921 ttl=56 time=6.157 ms --- 50.xx.xx.16 ping statistics --- 1000 packets transmitted, 997 packets received, 0.3% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 5.119/52.712/2932.571/224.629 ms The pattern is always the same: things operate fine for a while (<20ms), then a ping drops completely, then three or four high-latency pings (1000ms), then it settles down again. Traffic comes in through a bonded public interface (we will call it bond0) configured as such: bond0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:xx:xx:xx:xx:5d inet addr:50.xx.xx.16 Bcast:50.xx.xx.31 Mask:255.255.255.224 inet6 addr: <ipv6 address> Scope:Global inet6 addr: <ipv6 address> Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:527181270 errors:1 dropped:4 overruns:0 frame:1 TX packets:413335045 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:240016223540 (240.0 GB) TX bytes:104301759647 (104.3 GB) Requests are then submitted via HTTP to upstream servers on the private network (we can call it bond1), which is configured like so: bond1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:xx:xx:xx:xx:5c inet addr:10.xx.xx.70 Bcast:10.xx.xx.127 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: <ipv6 address> Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:430293342 errors:1 dropped:2 overruns:0 frame:1 TX packets:466983986 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:77714410892 (77.7 GB) TX bytes:227349392334 (227.3 GB) Output of uname -a: Linux <hostname> 3.5.0-42-generic #65~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Oct 2 20:57:18 UTC 2013 x86_64 GNU/Linux We have customized sysctl.conf in an attempt to fix the problem, with no success. Output of /etc/sysctl.conf (with irrelevant configs omitted): # net: core net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000 # net: ipv4 stack net.ipv4.tcp_ecn = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_fack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_no_metrics_save = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 10000 net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = cubic net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 8000 65535 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_thin_dupack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_thin_linear_timeouts = 1 net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 99999999 net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_established = 300 Output of dmesg -d, with non-ICMP UFW messages suppressed: [508315.349295 < 19.852453>] [UFW BLOCK] IN=bond1 OUT= MAC=<mac addresses> SRC=118.xx.xx.143 DST=50.xx.xx.16 LEN=68 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=43221 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=1 [SRC=50.xx.xx.16 DST=118.xx.xx.143 LEN=40 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=249 ID=10220 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=80 DPT=53817 WINDOW=8190 RES=0x00 ACK FIN URGP=0 ] [517787.732242 < 0.443127>] Peer 190.xx.xx.131:59705/80 unexpectedly shrunk window 1155488866:1155489425 (repaired) How can I go about diagnosing the cause of this problem, on a Debian-family Linux box?

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  • No device file for partition on logical volume (Linux LVM)

    - by Brian
    I created a logical volume (scandata) containing a single ext3 partition. It is the only logical volume in its volume group (case4t). Said volume group is comprised by 3 physical volumes, which are three primary partitions on a single block device (/dev/sdb). When I created it, I could mount the partition via the block device /dev/mapper/case4t-scandatap1. Since last reboot the aforementioned block device file has disappeared. It may be of note -- I'm not sure -- that my superior (a college professor) had prompted this reboot by running sudo chmod -R [his name] /usr/bin, which obliterated all suid in its path, preventing the both of us from sudo-ing. That issue has been (temporarily) rectified via this operation. Now I'll cut the chatter and get started with the terminal dumps: $ sudo pvs; sudo vgs; sudo lvs Logging initialised at Sat Jan 8 11:42:34 2011 Set umask to 0077 Scanning for physical volume names PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sdb1 case4t lvm2 a- 819.32G 0 /dev/sdb2 case4t lvm2 a- 866.40G 0 /dev/sdb3 case4t lvm2 a- 47.09G 0 Wiping internal VG cache Logging initialised at Sat Jan 8 11:42:34 2011 Set umask to 0077 Finding all volume groups Finding volume group "case4t" VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree case4t 3 1 0 wz--n- 1.69T 0 Wiping internal VG cache Logging initialised at Sat Jan 8 11:42:34 2011 Set umask to 0077 Finding all logical volumes LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert scandata case4t -wi-a- 1.69T Wiping internal VG cache $ sudo vgchange -a y Logging initialised at Sat Jan 8 11:43:14 2011 Set umask to 0077 Finding all volume groups Finding volume group "case4t" 1 logical volume(s) in volume group "case4t" already active 1 existing logical volume(s) in volume group "case4t" monitored Found volume group "case4t" Activated logical volumes in volume group "case4t" 1 logical volume(s) in volume group "case4t" now active Wiping internal VG cache $ ls /dev | grep case4t case4t $ ls /dev/mapper case4t-scandata control $ sudo fdisk -l /dev/case4t/scandata Disk /dev/case4t/scandata: 1860.5 GB, 1860584865792 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 226203 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00049bf5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/case4t/scandata1 1 226203 1816975566 83 Linux $ sudo parted /dev/case4t/scandata print Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm) Disk /dev/mapper/case4t-scandata: 1861GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 1861GB 1861GB primary ext3 $ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 1860.5 GB, 1860593254400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 226204 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000081 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 106955 859116006 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 113103 226204 908491815 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 106956 113102 49375777+ 83 Linux Partition table entries are not in disk order $ sudo parted /dev/sdb print Model: DELL PERC 6/i (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 1861GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 880GB 880GB primary reiserfs 3 880GB 930GB 50.6GB primary 2 930GB 1861GB 930GB primary I find it a bit strange that partition one above is said to be reiserfs, or if it matters -- it was previously reiserfs, but LVM recognizes it as a PV. To reiterate, neither /dev/mapper/case4t-scandatap1 (which I had used previously) nor /dev/case4t/scandata1 (as printed by fdisk) exists. And /dev/case4t/scandata (no partition number) cannot be mounted: $sudo mount -t ext3 /dev/case4t/scandata /mnt/new mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/mapper/case4t-scandata, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so All I get on syslog is: [170059.538137] VFS: Can't find ext3 filesystem on dev dm-0. Thanks in advance for any help you can offer, Brian P.S. I am on Ubuntu GNU/Linux 2.6.28-11-server (Jaunty) (out of date, I know -- that's on the laundry list).

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  • Excel: conditionally format a cell using the format of another, content-matching cell

    - by Eric A. Meyer
    I have an Excel spreadsheet where I’d like to be able to create a “key” of formatted cells with unique values, and then in another sheet format cells using the key formatting. So for example, my key is as follows, with one value per cell and the visual formatting indicated in parentheses: A (red background) B (green background) C (blue background) So that’s on one sheet (or in a remote corner of the current sheet—whichever is better). Then, in an area that I mark for conditional formatting, I can type one of those three letters and have the cell where I typed it visually formatted according to the key. So if I type a “B” into one of the conditionally formatted cells, it gets a green background. (Note that I’m using backgrounds here solely for ease of explanation: ideally I want to have all visual formatting copied over, whether it’s foreground color, background color, font weight, borders, or whatever. But I’ll take what I can get, obviously.) And—just to make it extra-tricky—if I change the formatting in the key, that change should be reflected in cells that reference the key. Thus, if I change the “B” formatting in the key from a green background to a purple background, any “B” in the main sheet should switch to the new color. Similarly, it should be possible to add or remove values from the key and have those changes applied to the main data set. I’m okay with the formatting-update-on-key-change being triggered by clicking a button or something. I suspect that if any of this is possible it will require VBA, but I’ve never used it so I’ve no idea where to start if that’s the case. I’m hoping it’s possible without VBA. I know it’s possible to just use multiple conditional formats, but my use case here is that I’m trying to create the above-described capability for someone who isn’t conversant with conditional formatting. I’d like to let them be able to define a key, update it if necessary, and keep on truckin’ without me having to rewrite the spreadsheet’s formatting rules for them. --- UPDATE --- So I think I was a bit unclear about my original request. Let me try again with an image. The image shows the “key” on the left, where values and styles are defined using keyboard and mouse input. On the right, you see the data that should be formatted to match the key. Thus if I type a “C” into a cell in the Data area, it should be blue-backed. Furthermore, if I change the formatting of “C” in the Key to have a purple background, all the “C” cells should switch from blue to purple. For further craziness, if I add more to the Key (say, “D” with a yellow background) then any “D” cells will be styled to match; if I remove a Key entry, then matching values in the Data area should revert to default styling. So. Is that more clear? Is it possible, in whole or in part? I don’t have to use conditional formatting for this; in fact, at this point I suspect I probably shouldn’t. But I’m open to any approach!

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  • NIC Bonding/balance-rr with Dell PowerConnect 5324

    - by Branden Martin
    I'm trying to get NIC bonding to work with balance-rr so that three NIC ports are combined, so that instead of getting 1 Gbps we get 3 Gbps. We are doing this on two servers connected to the same switch. However, we're only getting the speed of one physical link. We are using 1 Dell PowerConnect 5324, SW version 2.0.1.3, Boot version 1.0.2.02, HW version 00.00.02. Both servers are CentOS 5.9 (Final) running OnApp Hypervisor (CloudBoot) Server 1 is using ports g5-g7 in port-channel 1. Server 2 is using ports g9-g11 in port-channel 2. Switch show interface status Port Type Duplex Speed Neg ctrl State Pressure Mode -------- ------------ ------ ----- -------- ---- ----------- -------- ------- g1 1G-Copper -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g2 1G-Copper Full 1000 Enabled Off Up Disabled Off g3 1G-Copper -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g4 1G-Copper -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g5 1G-Copper Full 1000 Enabled Off Up Disabled Off g6 1G-Copper Full 1000 Enabled Off Up Disabled Off g7 1G-Copper Full 1000 Enabled Off Up Disabled On g8 1G-Copper Full 1000 Enabled Off Up Disabled Off g9 1G-Copper Full 1000 Enabled Off Up Disabled On g10 1G-Copper Full 1000 Enabled Off Up Disabled On g11 1G-Copper Full 1000 Enabled Off Up Disabled Off g12 1G-Copper Full 1000 Enabled Off Up Disabled On g13 1G-Copper -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g14 1G-Copper -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g15 1G-Copper -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g16 1G-Copper -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g17 1G-Copper -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g18 1G-Copper -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g19 1G-Copper -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g20 1G-Copper -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g21 1G-Combo-C -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g22 1G-Combo-C -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g23 1G-Combo-C -- -- -- -- Down -- -- g24 1G-Combo-C Full 100 Enabled Off Up Disabled On Flow Link Ch Type Duplex Speed Neg control State -------- ------- ------ ----- -------- ------- ----------- ch1 1G Full 1000 Enabled Off Up ch2 1G Full 1000 Enabled Off Up ch3 -- -- -- -- -- Not Present ch4 -- -- -- -- -- Not Present ch5 -- -- -- -- -- Not Present ch6 -- -- -- -- -- Not Present ch7 -- -- -- -- -- Not Present ch8 -- -- -- -- -- Not Present Server 1: cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth3 DEVICE=eth3 HWADDR=00:1b:21:ac:d5:55 USERCTL=no BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=onappstorebond SLAVE=yes cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth4 DEVICE=eth4 HWADDR=68:05:ca:18:28:ae USERCTL=no BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=onappstorebond SLAVE=yes cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth5 DEVICE=eth5 HWADDR=68:05:ca:18:28:af USERCTL=no BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=onappstorebond SLAVE=yes cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-onappstorebond DEVICE=onappstorebond IPADDR=10.200.52.1 NETMASK=255.255.0.0 GATEWAY=10.200.2.254 NETWORK=10.200.0.0 USERCTL=no BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes cat /proc/net/bonding/onappstorebond Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.4.0-1 (October 7, 2008) Bonding Mode: load balancing (round-robin) MII Status: up MII Polling Interval (ms): 100 Up Delay (ms): 0 Down Delay (ms): 0 Slave Interface: eth3 MII Status: up Speed: 1000 Mbps Duplex: full Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:1b:21:ac:d5:55 Slave Interface: eth4 MII Status: up Speed: 1000 Mbps Duplex: full Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 68:05:ca:18:28:ae Slave Interface: eth5 MII Status: up Speed: 1000 Mbps Duplex: full Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 68:05:ca:18:28:af Server 2: cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth3 DEVICE=eth3 HWADDR=00:1b:21:ac:d5:a7 USERCTL=no BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=onappstorebond SLAVE=yes cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth4 DEVICE=eth4 HWADDR=68:05:ca:18:30:30 USERCTL=no BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=onappstorebond SLAVE=yes cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth5 DEVICE=eth5 HWADDR=68:05:ca:18:30:31 USERCTL=no BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=onappstorebond SLAVE=yes cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-onappstorebond DEVICE=onappstorebond IPADDR=10.200.53.1 NETMASK=255.255.0.0 GATEWAY=10.200.3.254 NETWORK=10.200.0.0 USERCTL=no BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes cat /proc/net/bonding/onappstorebond Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.4.0-1 (October 7, 2008) Bonding Mode: load balancing (round-robin) MII Status: up MII Polling Interval (ms): 100 Up Delay (ms): 0 Down Delay (ms): 0 Slave Interface: eth3 MII Status: up Speed: 1000 Mbps Duplex: full Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:1b:21:ac:d5:a7 Slave Interface: eth4 MII Status: up Speed: 1000 Mbps Duplex: full Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 68:05:ca:18:30:30 Slave Interface: eth5 MII Status: up Speed: 1000 Mbps Duplex: full Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 68:05:ca:18:30:31 Here are the results of iperf. ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 10.200.52.1, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 27.7 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 3] local 10.200.3.254 port 53766 connected with 10.200.52.1 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 950 MBytes 794 Mbits/sec

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  • Magento hosting on a budget

    - by spa
    I have to do a setup for Magento. My constraint is primarily ease of setup and fault tolerance/fail over. Furthermore costs are an issue. I have three identical physical servers to get the job done. Each server node has an i7 quad core, 16GB RAM, and 2x3TB HD in a software RAID 1 configuration. Each node runs Ubuntu 12.04. right now. I have an additional IP address which can be routed to any of these nodes. The Magento shop has max. 1000 products, 50% of it are bundle products. I would estimate that max. 100 users are active at once. This leads me to the conclusion, that performance is not top priority here. My first setup idea One node (lb) runs nginx as a load balancer. The additional IP is used with domain name and routed to this node by default. Nginx distributes the load equally to the other two nodes (shop1, shop2). Shop1 and shop2 are configured equally: each server runs Apache2 and MySQL. The Mysqls are configured with master/slave replication. My failover strategy: Lb fails = Route IP to shop1 (MySQL master), continue. Shop1 fails = Lb will handle that automatically, promote MySQL slave on shop2 to master, reconfigure Magento to use shop2 for writes, continue. Shop2 fails = Lb will handle that automatically, continue. Is this a sane strategy? Has anyone done a similar setup with Magento? My second setup idea Another way to do it would be to use drbd for storing the MySQL data files on shop1 and shop2. I understand that in this scenario only one node/MySQL instance can be active and the other is used as hot standby. So in case shop1 fails, I would start up MySQL on shop2, route the IP to shop2, and continue. I like that as the MySQL setup is easier and the nodes can be configured 99% identical. So in this case the load balancer becomes useless and I have a spare server. My third setup idea The third way might be master-master replication of MySQL databases. However, in my optinion this might be tricky, as Magento isn't build for this scenario (e.g. conflicting ids for new rows). I would not do that until I have heard of a working example. Could you give me an advice which route to follow? There seems not one "good" way to do it. E.g. I read blog posts which describe a MySQL master/slave setup for Magento, but elsewhere I read, that data might get duplicated when the slave lags behind the master (e.g. when an order is placed, a customer might get created twice). I'm kind of lost here.

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  • Strange Upload Problem on Hyper-V

    - by Ring0
    Hi, This one is driving me totally nuts. I have being trying to upload a file to www.virustotal.com (its a harmless exe I have since found out - DiskWipe.exe from diskwipe.org). Using IE8. From Win 7 and Win 2008 R2 Datacenter (which I select to boot from vhd's) onto my main machine hardware, and also on another Win 7 PC elsewhere on my network, when I upload the file to virustotal.com it works perfectly. So, using my native NIC's everything is fine. Using another machine also perfect. Right. OK, from my boot menu the default is my main development machine - the one I'm typing on now. This runs on the metal and has Hyper-V role and I have some guests. All guests are not running. Amazingly, from my console (root partition to be exact) or any guest OS 2003 /XP / 2008 R2 etc. My upload to virustotal.com slows at 32% then HANGS at 38.something% & never finishes!! Here is the kicker. I have another box (my main server) running Hyper-V on the metal and three live guests. Identical H/W to my main dev machine in another room. (Except OS is Datacenter - Mine is Enterprise). If I try and upload from its bare metal console or any guest this file to virustotal.com using IE8 it stops exactly in the same place!! As for "steps I have tried etc." are kind-of blown out of the water as my server box is doing the precise same thing as the machine in my room here. OK, comonalities: Mobo: Gigabyte GA-X58-UD5, 12GB Kingston RAM, Corei7 920 4 cores hyperthreading = 8 & Realtek RTL8168D/8111D Family PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet NIC's. All 3 machines have this same motherboard - revision F11 Bios, all have 12GB RAM, all have the Realtek Nic's. All x64 by the way as I mentioned before I have a Win 7 box also with the UD5 m/Board, 12 GB RAM - bit of an overkill. :-) All these machines when NOT running Hyper-V can upload this file. Perhaps you may like to try it on a Hyepr-v (2008 R2) yourselves with IE8 and the desktop experience is on. See if it works or fails for you. Root OS or any guest. So, looking like its the NIC + Hyper-V = Cannot upload this file (any file I must add.) Realtek Nic is Ver 7.002.1125.2008. Using IE8 I see in the nic settings there are the usual parameters for Jumbo frames / Checksum offloading etc. several others. Should I fiddle with these? I ran Netmon 3.3 in a guest and the TCP session halted as the upload failed. I suppose I could study that further. I dont have Netmon on the root partition machine (yet)! All OS's fully patched - including todays defender files. My box running Office 2007 - but identical server in another room is not. Also, if I fire up a VPN to a distant client and do the upload it works! Of course its a different network path. Suggestions welcome please. If I left out anything important - please yell at me. Many Thanks,

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  • How to save POST&GET headers of a web page with "Wireshark"?

    - by brilliant
    Hello everybody, I've been trying to find a python code that would log in to my mail box on yahoo.com from "Google App Engine". I was given this code: import urllib, urllib2, cookielib url = "https://login.yahoo.com/config/login?" form_data = {'login' : 'my-login-here', 'passwd' : 'my-password-here'} jar = cookielib.CookieJar() opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(jar)) form_data = urllib.urlencode(form_data) # data returned from this pages contains redirection resp = opener.open(url, form_data) # yahoo redirects to http://my.yahoo.com, so lets go there instead resp = opener.open('http://mail.yahoo.com') print resp.read() The author of this script looked into HTML script of yahoo log-in form and came up with this script. That log-in form contains two fields, one for users' Yahoo! ID and another one is for users' password. However, when I tried this code out (substituting mu real Yahoo login for 'my-login-here' and my real password for 'my-password-here'), it just return the log-in form back to me, which means that something didn't work right. Another supporter suggested that I should send an MD5 hash of my password, rather than a plain password. He also noted that in that log-in form there are a lot other hidden fields besides login and password fields (he called them "CSRF protections") that I would also have to deal with: <input type="hidden" name=".tries" value="1"> <input type="hidden" name=".src" value="ym"> <input type="hidden" name=".md5" value=""> <input type="hidden" name=".hash" value=""> <input type="hidden" name=".js" value=""> <input type="hidden" name=".last" value=""> <input type="hidden" name="promo" value=""> <input type="hidden" name=".intl" value="us"> <input type="hidden" name=".bypass" value=""> <input type="hidden" name=".partner" value=""> <input type="hidden" name=".u" value="bd5tdpd5rf2pg"> <input type="hidden" name=".v" value="0"> <input type="hidden" name=".challenge" value="5qUiIPGVFzRZ2BHhvtdGXoehfiOj"> <input type="hidden" name=".yplus" value=""> <input type="hidden" name=".emailCode" value=""> <input type="hidden" name="pkg" value=""> <input type="hidden" name="stepid" value=""> <input type="hidden" name=".ev" value=""> <input type="hidden" name="hasMsgr" value="0"> <input type="hidden" name=".chkP" value="Y"> <input type="hidden" name=".done" value="http://mail.yahoo.com"> He said that I should do the following: Simulate normal login and save login page that I get; Save POST&GET headers with "Wireshark"; Compare login page with those headers and see what fields I need to include with my request; I really don't know how to carry out the first two of these three steps. I have just downloaded "Wireshark" and have tried capturing some packets there. However, I don't know how to "simulate normal login and save the login page". Also, I don't how to save POST$GET headers with "Wireshark". Can anyone, please, guide me through these two steps in "Wireshark"? Or at least tell me what I should start with. Thank You.

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  • How can I work around problems with certificate configuration in Remote Desktop Services?

    - by Michael Steele
    I am setting up a Remote Desktop Services farm, and am having trouble configuring certificates for it to use. A demonstration of the problem I'm seeing can be found in Step #4. At this point I am convinced that there are problems with the user interface, and am looking for ways around them. Is there any way to configure certificates in Remote Desktop Services so that the settings hold and are reflected in the GUI? If not, is there any way for me to verify that the settings are correct? Step #1 - Create certificate to be used. I've configured a certificate to use with RD Web Access. The certificate is stored with in the Certificates MMC on my RD Connection Broker, and I am configuring the farm from that computer. I found by letting RD Web Access generate its own certificate that the following properties are required: Enhanced Key Usage Server Authentication Client Authentication This may not be required, but the self-signed certificate includes it. Key Usage Digital Signature Key Agreement Subject Alternative Name DNS Name=domain.com Detour about self-signed certificate generation As a quick detour, I was able to work around a problem with creating self-signed certificates using powershell. The documentation for the New-RDCertificate cmdlet gives the following example: PS C:\> $password = ConvertTo-SecureString -string "password" -asplaintext -force New-RDCertificate -Role RDWebAccess -DnsName "test-rdwa.contoso.com" -Password $password -ConnectionBroker rdcb.contoso.com -ExportPath "c:\test-rdwa.pfx" Typing this into the shell will result in an error message claiming that a function, Get-Server cannot be found. Prior to using New-RDCertificate, you must import the RemoteDesktop Module with Import-Module RemoteDesktop. Step #2 - Observe out-of-box behavior The first time you visit the Deployment Properties dialog box by navigating to Server Manager - Remote Desktop Services - Collections and selecting "Edit Deployment Properties" from the "TASKS" dropdown list in the "COLLECTIONS" grouping, you will see the following screen: This window is misleading because the level field is listed as "Not Configured". If I understand correctly all three of the role services are using a self-signed certificate. For the RD Web Access role this can be verified by visiting the website: The certificate being used also appears in the Certificates MMC: Step #3 - Assign new certificate The Deployment Properties dialog box will allow me to select my existing certificate. The certificate must be placed within the local computers Certificates MMC in the "Personal" certificate store. The private key will need to be exportable, and you will need to provide the password. I temporarily exported my certificate to a file named temp.pfx with a password, and then imported it into Remote Desktop Services from there. Once this is done the GUI will indicate that it is ready to accept the new configuration. Once I click the "Apply" button, the GUI indicates success. This can be verified by visiting the RD Web Access web site a second time. There is no certificate error. Step #4 - The GUI fails to maintain its state If the GUI is closed and reopened, all of these settings appear to be lost. Actually, the certificate I configured is still being used. I am able to continue accessing the RD Web Access site without any certificate errors. Oddly, if I use the "Create new certificate..." button to generate a self-signed certificate this window will update to an "Untrusted" level. This setting will then be maintained through the opening and closing of the Deployment Properties dialog box. Is there anything I can do to have my settings appear to stick? I feel like something is wrong when the GUI claims I haven't fully configured certificates.

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  • Backup a hosted Sharepoint

    - by David Mackintosh
    One of my customers has outsourced their Sharepoint and Exchange services to a hosted services provider. I believe it is a Sharepoint 2007 service. It is a shared hosting solution, so we do not have any kind of access to the server itself; we only have user-level and sharepoint-administrator-level access to the Sharepoint application. They have come to the point where they would like to have a copy of everything that is on the Sharepoint server. I have downloaded the Office Sharepoint Designer 2007, and it features three (!) ways to backup a Sharepoint server, none (!) of which work for me: File-Export-Personal Web Package: When selecting everything, it calculates a negative size. Barfs with No "content-type" in CGI environment error. File-Export-Sharepoint Template: barfs with a A World Wide Web browser, such as Windows Internet Explorer, is required to use this feature error. Site-Administration-Backup Web Site: wants to create the backup .cmp file on the sharepoint server itself. I don't have access to any servers on the same network so I can't redirect it to any form of the suggested \\server\place. Barfs with a The Web application at $URL could not be found. [...] error. Possibly moot because Google tells me that bad things happen using OSD to back up sites larger than 24MB (which this site is most definitely). So I called the helpdesk of the outsource provider, and got told that they recommend using OSD, but no they don't actually provide any application support for OSD (not that I blame them for that), but they could do a stsadm.exe backup and provide us with that, and OSD should be able to read the resulting cmp file. Then for authorization reasons they had my customer call them directly (since I can't authorize such an operation), and they told him that he didn't want a stsadm.exe backup, he wanted to get into an 'explorer view' and deal with things that way (they were vague). Google hasn't been much help in figuring out what an 'explorer view' is, let alone how I bring one up. The end goal of this operation is to have a backup of the site as it exists (hopefully today, but shortly anyways) in such a format that we don't need another sharepoint server to restore it to. Ie we'd like to be able to pick individual content directly out of this backup. We are not excessively concerned with things like formatting. We just want the documents. This is a fairly complex site with multiple subsites and multiple folders per subsite, so sitting there and manually downloading each file isn't really going to happen if there is a better easier way. So, my questions: Is the stsadm.exe backup what I want? If not, what do I want? If I manage to convince them that I do want the stsadm.exe backup, can I pick files out of the resulting backup file with OSD? If OSD isn't going to let me extract individual files, is there a tool I can use that can?

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  • Windows 7 sometimes boots in VGA mode

    - by TuxRug
    I have an Asus G50VT-x5 laptop with nVidia GeForce9800M-GS graphics. Normally, Windows boots normally, but about 20% of the time (rough estimate), it will boot with the fallback VGA driver, maxing out at 800x600 with no Aero. I've checked the system logs and there is nothing indicating an error loading the nVidia driver. It even specifies in the logs that the Nvidia Display Driver service started successfully, even though it has booted in safe graphics mode. This has been happening for a while, but it's happening a little more often now than it was before. Since the first time my system exhibited this behavior, I have updated my graphics driver a handful of times. I used System Information for Windows to check for problems there, but the only thing that stood out was the following: Core Temperature 4486449 °C (8075639 °F) Shaders Temperature 1171513530 °C (2108724330 °F) I know this reading is incorrect, because my laptop is nowhere near the surface of the sun and my desk has not burst into flames. When it's opererating normally, I get a sane reading like [Core Temperature 58 °C (136 °F)] with no Shaders Temperature listed. All I have to do to resolve the issue is reboot. I have seen no stability issues with the graphics or anything else. A long time ago, I had an issue with this computer where my framerate would suddenly drop during a 3D game from 40fps to <1fps, but after looking at the temperature readout immediately after quitting a game, I removed the bottom panel and blew the dust out of the vent and heatsink. Since then I have no drops in framerate under any situation. I have uploaded a zip containing the SIW reports for when the problem is occurring and when the computer is operating normally. I don't have a paid account so it can only be downloaded 10 times, so please only download the reports if you think you can use them. If you try to download the reports and they are no longer available, please comment and I will re-upload them. If you want to look at the files, they are on Rapidshare. EDIT It happened again, and I looked a little deeper into the System logs. When this happens, there are a lot of errors about other device drivers unable to start. All of these errors are for PnP drivers. Also, my USB keyboard and mouse take a few moments before they actually start working, although this happens sometimes the first normal boot as well. I am quite sure this is related, so I am adding the pnp tag. Also, CHKDSK will not run on boot. Even if a check is scheduled or a volume is manually set as dirty, CHKDSK will be skipped entirely, not even leaving an entry in the System logs. I tried running CHKNTFS /D, which did not work. I then manually changed my HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager BootExecute value to the default listed on Microsoft's website. That did not work either. I ended up booting to repair mode and running CHKDSK there, which found a number of minor inconsistencies on my system drive, but none on my data drive. I have no idea if this is related. Some more information for those who don't download my SIW report file: Antivirus and Firewall are ESET Smart Security I have three different virutalization programs installed: VMware Player, Windows Virtual PC, and VirtualBox. The network adapters for these show up in the log of failed device starts. EDIT 2 I tried running sfc /scannow, which reported that it found corrupted files that could not be fixed. The CBS log is extremely cryptic. I tried booting to my install disk, launching repair mode, and doing an offline sfc from there, which produced the same result.

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  • Accessing resources on localhost using domain credentials

    - by jas
    I'm trying to set up Team Foundation Server 2010, Sharepoint Server 2010 and Report Server 2008R2. I apologize for how long my question/problem is but I'm really lost on where to even look so am being as descriptive as possible in hopes that I'm making sense. The goal: Since developers can be inside or outside the firewall there needs to be a single http point of entry to TFS that works regardless of which side of the firewall you are and needs to work with external access to SharePoint and Report Server. Meaning we have it set up in DNS so buildserver.mydomain.com: points to the build service box which contains all of the services listed at the top of this post and specific services are defined/located by the port number. This is working great on every machine inside and out except for from the build server itself. All services must be able to work using external URLs. If I use http:// buildserver.mydomain.com:4800/tfs (the external URL) from my notebook which is behind the firewall I'm able to login with my domain credentials as expected. If the other developer points to the same URL from their home which isn't on the domain they are also able to login using their domain credentials. However if I am directly on buildserver and call SharePoint, TFS or Reporting Server from (i.e. http:// buildserver.mydomain.com:4800) itself using the external URL, I am prompted for a username and password. Entering my domain credentials results in another prompt to enter my credentials again. It will prompt three times regardless of which credentials are used (I have rights as a domain admin) and then after the third prompt directs me to a blank white page as though access was denied. There are no errors displayed on the page and nothing ends up in the event viewer. From buildserver if i use just the host name (the internal URL), then I'm prompted a single time for credentials and it works. i.e. http:// buildserver:4800/tfs works from the server itself. The behavior is identical for any service requiring authentication. Meaning from the box itself Sharepoint Central Admin, SharePoint WebApp, TFS, TFS Web Access, Report Server and Report Manager all fail using the external URL but will succeed if called using the interal URL. So the problem comes into play when configuring all of the services to work together. The only way to configure TFS is locally from the server which means I must point to the internal reporting server url (http:// buildserver:4800/reports and reportServer respectively instead of http:// buildserver.domainname.com:4800 like they need to be) since external URLs aren't working from itself. If I configure TFS to use the internal URL for Report Server then creating team projects or working in the SharePoint site for the team project fails for anyone not inside the domain since their machines have no idea who http:// buildserver:/reports even is or how to resolve them. I have configured Sharepoint with Alternate Access Mappings as well as set up Report Server to listen for external URLs. The external URLs simply aren't working when called from the server itself. I hope this makes sense. Thanks for taking the time to read this rather verbose plea for help.

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  • Server Cabinet/Room Cooling

    - by user37226
    Hello all. I currently have two desktops and three servers in my office sitting on the floor (I know this is bad). With that many servers the ambient temperature in the room goes up quickly. I am located in Dallas, TX so during the winter, if the heat is kept low, it is not a problem, but during the summer it easily jumps the room +10 degrees. I have decided and found a free 42U server cabinet that a hosting company was throwing away to house all of these systems in. One server is in a rack mount case while the other four servers are housed in mid-tower cases. I have purchased shelves for each computer and plan to lay the towers side ways on these shelves (as replacing the cases costs a heck of a lot of money). I like the idea of housing all of these systems in the cabinet because it will save a lot of room and clean up all of the cabling currently laying all over the office floor. When putting this setup together over the next couple of weeks, I want to address issues with dust and cooling. The server cabinet has a fan on top, front plexiglass door and a rear metal door with vent wholes on the bottom. First the cooling issues. I know I am going to want to have cool air enter the bottom of the cabinet and exit the top. I do not want the room heating up though as this will make my work area hot and then make the servers warmer as the air eventually reenters the cabinet. I had an idea to fix this problem, but am unsure if it will work. I was thinking of taking flexible piping and adapting it to the back fans of the computer having the other end of the pipe at the top close to the cabinet's top mounted fan. I was then thinking of creating a duct around the top fan into the attic. Now I am very concerned that the attic will cause issues with this type of setup because during July/August time frame, the attic is easily 120 degrees F. I could also use the flexible pipe to take it to an attic exhaust vent if it would be better to vent it into the 100 degree air outside (at least there may be wind. The other option would be to buy a small portable air conditioner. This may be a possibility, but do I want to spend the extra money on power? I bet this increases the noise. Plus they are around $250 on Amazon. What would you all recommend? Depending on the solution I end up running with above, I would also like to limit the dust that gets into the cabinet. If I were to cut a whole and mount a second cabinet fan on the bottom of the rear door, could I possibly mount a standard home air filter on the other side of that whole? Thanks in advance for your recommendations. I look forward to reading your interesting ideas.

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  • Server Cabinet/Room Cooling

    - by user37226
    Hello all. I currently have two desktops and three servers in my office sitting on the floor (I know this is bad). With that many servers the ambient temperature in the room goes up quickly. I am located in Dallas, TX so during the winter, if the heat is kept low, it is not a problem, but during the summer it easily jumps the room +10 degrees. I have decided and found a free 42U server cabinet that a hosting company was throwing away to house all of these systems in. One server is in a rack mount case while the other four servers are housed in mid-tower cases. I have purchased shelves for each computer and plan to lay the towers side ways on these shelves (as replacing the cases costs a heck of a lot of money). I like the idea of housing all of these systems in the cabinet because it will save a lot of room and clean up all of the cabling currently laying all over the office floor. When putting this setup together over the next couple of weeks, I want to address issues with dust and cooling. The server cabinet has a fan on top, front plexiglass door and a rear metal door with vent wholes on the bottom. First the cooling issues. I know I am going to want to have cool air enter the bottom of the cabinet and exit the top. I do not want the room heating up though as this will make my work area hot and then make the servers warmer as the air eventually reenters the cabinet. I had an idea to fix this problem, but am unsure if it will work. I was thinking of taking flexible piping and adapting it to the back fans of the computer having the other end of the pipe at the top close to the cabinet's top mounted fan. I was then thinking of creating a duct around the top fan into the attic. Now I am very concerned that the attic will cause issues with this type of setup because during July/August time frame, the attic is easily 120 degrees F. I could also use the flexible pipe to take it to an attic exhaust vent if it would be better to vent it into the 100 degree air outside (at least there may be wind. The other option would be to buy a small portable air conditioner. This may be a possibility, but do I want to spend the extra money on power? I bet this increases the noise. Plus they are around $250 on Amazon. What would you all recommend? Depending on the solution I end up running with above, I would also like to limit the dust that gets into the cabinet. If I were to cut a whole and mount a second cabinet fan on the bottom of the rear door, could I possibly mount a standard home air filter on the other side of that whole? Thanks in advance for your recommendations. I look forward to reading your interesting ideas.

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  • Why would VMWare to go defunct? How to recover from/prevent it?

    - by Josh
    I am running VMWare Server 2.0.2 (Build 203138) on a dual core Intel i5 with Ubuntu Server 10.04 LTS system (kernel 2.6.32-22-server #33-Ubuntu SMP). Disk Subsystem is a software RAID5 array. The system has been set up for a little over a week. For the past 5 days I have been running at leat 3 VMs (Linux and a variety of Windows OSes) with no issues whatsoever. But while I was installing Linux onto a new VM, suddenly all VMs became unresponsive, including the one I was installing to. I could not log in to the VMWare Management Interface, and the system was somewhat unresponsive via SSH. When I looked at top, I saw: top - 16:14:51 up 6 days, 1:49, 8 users, load average: 24.29, 24.33 17.54 Tasks: 203 total, 7 running, 195 sleeping, 0 stopped, 1 zombie Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 25.6%sy, 0.0%ni, 74.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 8056656k total, 5927580k used, 2129076k free, 20320k buffers Swap: 7811064k total, 240216k used, 7570848k free, 5045884k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 21549 root 39 19 0 0 0 Z 100 0.0 15:02.44 [vmware-vmx] <defunct> 2115 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 1 0.0 170:32.08 [vmware-rtc] 2231 root 21 1 1494m 126m 100m S 1 1.6 892:58.05 /usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware-vmx -# product=2; 2280 jnet 20 0 19320 1164 800 R 0 0.0 30:04.55 top 12236 root 20 0 833m 41m 34m S 0 0.5 88:34.24 /usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware-vmx -# product=2; 1 root 20 0 23704 1476 920 S 0 0.0 0:00.80 /sbin/init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 [kthreadd] 3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 [migration/0] 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.84 [ksoftirqd/0] 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 [watchdog/0] 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 [migration/1] The VMWare process for the virtual machine I was installing into became a zombie. Yet, it was still consuming 100% of the CPU time on one of the cores, and I couldn't reach it or any other virtual machines. (I was logged in to one virtual machine over SSH, another via X11, and a third via VNC. All three connections died). When I ran ps -ef and similar commands, I found that the defunct vmware-vmx process had it's parent PID set to init (1). I also used lsof -p 21549 and found that the defunct process had no open files. Yet it was using 100% of CPU time... I was unable to kill any vmware-vmx processes, including the defunct one, even with kill -9. As a last resort to resolve the situation I tried to reboot the box, however shutdown, halt, reboot, and init 6 all failed to reboot/shutdown, even when given appropriate --force settings. ControlAltDel produced a message about rebooting on the console, but the system would not reboot. I had to hard power-cycle the box to resolve the situation. (See my other question, Should I worry about the integrity of my linux software RAID5 after a crash or kernel panic?) What would cause a scenario like this? What else could I have done to resolve it besides a hard reboot? What can I do to prevent such a situation in the future?

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  • OpenVPN - client-to-client traffic working in one direction but not the other

    - by user42055
    I have the following VPN configuration: +------------+ +------------+ +------------+ | outpost |----------------| kino |----------------| guchuko | +------------+ +------------+ +------------+ OS: FreeBSD 6.2 OS: Gentoo 2.6.32 OS: Gentoo 2.6.33.3 Keyname: client3 Keyname: server Keyname: client1 eth0: 10.0.1.254 eth0: 203.x.x.x eth0: 192.168.0.6 tun0: 192.168.150.18 tun0: 192.168.150.1 tun0: 192.168.150.10 P-t-P: 192.166.150.17 P-t-P: 192.168.150.2 P-t-P: 192.168.150.9 Kino is the server and has client-to-client enabled. All three machines have ip forwarding enabled, by this on the gentoo boxes: net.ipv4.conf.all.forwarding = 1 And this on the FreeBSD box: net.inet.ip.forwarding: 1 In the server's "ccd" directory is the following files: client1: iroute 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 client3: iroute 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 The server config has these routes configured: push "route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0" push "route 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0" route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 route 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 Kino's routing table looks like this: 192.168.150.0 192.168.150.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 10.0.1.0 192.168.150.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.0.0 192.168.150.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.150.2 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 Outpost's like this: 192.168.150 192.168.150.17 UGS 0 17 tun0 192.168.0 192.168.150.17 UGS 0 2 tun0 192.168.150.17 192.168.150.18 UH 3 0 tun0 And Guchuko's like this: 192.168.150.0 192.168.150.9 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 10.0.1.0 192.168.150.9 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.150.9 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 Now, the tests. Pings from Guchuko to Outpost's LAN IP work OK, as does the reverse - pings from Outpost to Guchuko's LAN IP. However... Pings from Outpost, to a machine on Guchuko's LAN work fine: .(( root@outpost )). (( 06:39 PM )) :: ~ :: # ping 192.168.0.3 PING 192.168.0.3 (192.168.0.3): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 192.168.0.3: icmp_seq=0 ttl=63 time=462.641 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.0.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=557.909 ms But a ping from Guchuko, to a machine on Outpost's LAN does not: .(( root@guchuko )). (( 06:43 PM )) :: ~ :: # ping 10.0.1.253 PING 10.0.1.253 (10.0.1.253) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 10.0.1.253 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2000ms Guchuko's tcpdump of tun0 shows: 18:46:27.716931 IP 192.168.150.10 > 10.0.1.253: ICMP echo request, id 63009, seq 1, length 64 18:46:28.716715 IP 192.168.150.10 > 10.0.1.253: ICMP echo request, id 63009, seq 2, length 64 18:46:29.716714 IP 192.168.150.10 > 10.0.1.253: ICMP echo request, id 63009, seq 3, length 64 Outpost's tcpdump on tun0 shows: 18:44:00.333341 IP 192.168.150.10 > 10.0.1.253: ICMP echo request, id 63009, seq 3, length 64 18:44:01.334073 IP 192.168.150.10 > 10.0.1.253: ICMP echo request, id 63009, seq 4, length 64 18:44:02.331849 IP 192.168.150.10 > 10.0.1.253: ICMP echo request, id 63009, seq 5, length 64 So Outpost is receiving the ICMP request destined for the machine on it's subnet, but appears not be forwarding it. Outpost has gateway_enable="YES" in its rc.conf which correctly sets net.inet.ip.forwarding to 1 as mentioned earlier. As far as I know, that's all that's required to make a FreeBSD box forward packets between interfaces. Is there something else I could be forgetting ?

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  • Choice of an OS for a home ZFS NAS

    - by OlafM
    I am preparing a home NAS with an old Athlon 64 X2 3800+, 4 GB ECC RAM, Asus M2V MX motherboard, and a single 3 TB WDC Green (another one as mirror may be installed in the future). It's the cheapest solution I found that includes ECC memory and the higher energy consumption is offset by the lower (zero) cost of acquisition. The system will be used for: music storage and stream to other desktop computers; storage of the scanned dia slides (3-4k slides, 180 MB TIFF each one plus reduced quality JPEG version); stream of these photos to a local iPad 2 (maybe Plex App? not yet sure); (one additional) remote backup via rsync/ssh or ZFS send/receive. It will be controlled via remote ssh, maybe VNC, no monitor attached. Absolute requirement is a reliable ZFS solution, plus the ability to easily install packets/software/virtual machines and to update remotely (I will be the admin and I don't live near the NAS). I have mainly three options: NAS4free/FreeNAS OpenIndiana Solaris Express 11 (yeah yeah I know the license requirements, I will write a perl script on it to count it as development machine). Problems: NAS4free/FreeNAS (I tested only NAS4free) required embedded installation for remote upgrading, but full install for easy addition of software packets. Since I need at least AirVideo Server (linux/win) and Plex App (win/linux) to stream the photos and some videos to iPad (they both require virtualbox), but I cannot be there to install updates, NAS4free/FreeNAS are excluded. http://www.nas4free.org/general_information.html explains the issue: embedded can be remotely updated, full cannot. Solaris has also another advantage: Crashplan client supports Solaris and I'm already using it for other backups. I would like to leave the option open, even if I will be doing backups probably through zfs send/receive. NexentaStor was left out because zfs send/receive are not included in the free version. The question is now Solaris 11 Express over OpenIndiana. To ease the management, I will be using http://www.napp-it.org Which one would you suggest and why? I found lots of informations and it's difficult for me to decide. I think (from the napp-it manual) that Solaris has some additional options for SMB shares, but are they really needed at home? I think I won't even use ACLs, since normal unix-style permissions are enough. OpenIndiana has maybe more frequent updates (Solaris offers only security updates between releases), but again, do I need them? I don't think so. Moreover, this is a NAS that has to work and nothing else, I cannot risk having problems that require me to access the server. Isn't OpenIndiana a bit more... cutting edge (in the Solaris world)? I'm just asking, no need to focus on this for the answer :-) I would limit myself to these two options (SE11.1/OI) also because I will be making a NAS for me in the future (where high performances with Mac shares are also required) and Solaris has kernel support for AFP. I will use this server to gather experience as well. After this long question, thanks in advance! If you need additional info, let me know and I will update this post.

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  • Installing .NET Framework 4 Client Profile breaks Windows Update

    - by Richard
    I have a Samsung NC-10 netbook with a fresh install of Windows 7 Home Premium 32-bit (it only had 2GB). If Microsoft .NET Framework 4 Client Profile is installed on it, Windows Update will always return error code 8024402F ("Windows Update encountered an unknown error"). As soon as I uninstall it, Windows Update works just fine again. Out of the four computers in this house, only this netbook has the problem. My question is: How can I get the .NET Framework 4 Client Profile installed on my netbook and continue to have a functioning Windows Update? ----- More information ----- The hard-drive recently died on my netbook so I replaced it with a nice new SSD and did a fresh installation of Windows 7 Home Premium (SP1) - along with all the updates. At some point I found that, when I ran Windows Update, I was greeted with error code 8024402F ("Windows Update encountered an unknown error"). Looking in C:\Windows\WindowsUpdate.log, I saw the following issue: WARNING: ECP: Failed to validate cab file digest downloaded from http://download.windowsupdate.com/msdownload/update/software/dflt/2012/02/4913552_4a5c9563d1f58c77f30d0d5c9999e4b8bff3ab21.cab with error 0x80091007 WARNING: ECP: This roundtrip contained some optimized updates which failed. New Update count = 0, Old Count = 3 FATAL: ProcessCoreMetadata did not return any update to be committed WARNING: Sync of Updates: 0x8024402f WARNING: SyncServerUpdatesInternal failed: 0x8024402f When I downloaded the CAB from the URL listed and opened it, it contained a file called 4913552.txt. A search on Google suggested that it's related to Microsoft .NET Framework 4 Client Profile. Other people had reported problems with it breaking Windows Update, but they were running Windows XP. I tried the steps outlined on the Microsoft site for this error code, but it reported that there was nothing wrong. I also found this superuser question, I tried all the answers listed but none of them made any difference. My router doesn't block ActiveX, changing my internet settings in IE made no difference, assuming it was a corrupted update repository didn't do anything (except wipe my update history), my date and time was correct, switching to Google's DNS didn't work and neither did disabling IPv6. Figuring that this update was corrupted, I repaired it and nothing changed. In desperation I un-installed it and Windows Update started working again! Brilliant! I then downloaded the full version from the Microsoft website, installed it and, thankfully, Windows Update continued to work just fine. A week later I turn on my netbook and Windows Update is broken again with exactly the same error message and log entries as before. Repairing .NET Framework 4 Client Profile did nothing, removing it entirely solved the problem again. Thinking this might be some odd Windows installation issue, I formatted the hard-drive and re-installed Windows. Same problem as before - as soon as .NET Framework 4 Client Profile ended up on the netbook, Windows Update stopped working and reported error 8024402F. As soon as it was un-installed, everything worked just fine again. There are three other machines in this house and all of them have working Windows Update and this Client Profile. Does anyone know why it causes this netbook to break and, more importantly, how I can fix it?

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  • How do I reset/update my BIOS for Optiplex GX280?

    - by Sam Langlhey
    So far this has been a nightmare for me, which has been frustrating me constantly. I am using Dell Optiplex GX280 with Windows XP home edition, which is running a BIOS version A04. Recently, i've rebooted the pc to find out that its not booting. It will get to the Windows boot up screen with the progress bar but only to restart to the same process again, over and over. Frustrated that I am, i've inserted the Windows recovery CD to at least either repair of reinstall the operating system to find out that was not possible. I hit F8 to have the boot options, each of the boot option that I've selected gave me an error saying: "Selected boot device is not available." Right after that, I went to the BIOS setting and did a diagnostic test, which recognized all the Boot devices onboard. Now, I cannot even repair of reinstall Windows XP, because the system is not booting from none of the boot devices. The surprise is when I removed the hard-drive from the computer and loaded it on into another computer successfully; that's right, there is nothing wrong with the hard drive. After that I was totally puzzled. I found a few pointers online saying that the BIOS start-up block might be corrupted itself and I might need to flash/update the BIOS. I found the detailed instruction on how to create a Boot up disk by downloading the BIOS firmware from the manufacture's website. I did exactly as instructed below: Download the latest version or your choose version of BIOS file for your computer or motherboard from the manufacturer’s support site. Rename the downloaded file to AMIBOOT.ROM. Copy the file to a floppy disk. Insert the floppy disk to the floppy drive. Turn on the system. After I did that and powered on the PC to boot from the floppy drive, it gave me this error message: "Non-System Disk or Disk Error. Replace and Strike any key when ready." I did all that, and I kept on pressing [Ctrl]+[Home] to force it, but it did not did any satisfying result. Desperate as I am, my next attempt is to try the instruction below. Since I want to be ready, in the event it does not work, do you have any solution that you can provide? Please keep in mind that I cannot boot from any of the devices at this moment. My only hope now is to come on with a solution that will work through the Floppy drive, since that's the only drive that affected. Thank you very much for your advice and support in advance. To create a Windows startup disk, insert a floppy disk into the drive of a similarly configured, working Windows XP system, launch My Computer, right-click the floppy disk icon, and select the Format command from the context menu. When you see the Format dialog box, leave all the default settings as they are and click the Start button. Once the format operation is complete, close the Format dialog box to return to My Computer, double-click the drive C icon to access the root directory, and copy the following three files to the floppy disk: Boot.ini NTLDR Ntdetect.com

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  • Using different SSDs types (not only SATA based) as system drive

    - by Hubert Kario
    Currently I have a Thinkpad X61s and want to make it both a bit faster and a bit more power efficient. For that reason I thought that adding SSD drive would make most sense. Unfortunately, because of financial reasons, buying SSD of over 200GB capacity is out of reach for me (not only it would be worth more than the rest of the laptop, but also I currently have a 500GB drive in it, so even such a drive would be kind of a downgrade for me). During preliminary testing with a cheap Transcend 4GB Class 6 (14MiB/s streaming, 9MiB/s random read) card I experienced boot times to be reduced by half so putting the OS only on it would already would be an improvement. Unfortunately, my system now is about 11GiB in size so anything less than 16GB would be constraining. In this laptop I can connect additional drives on at least 5 different ways: using SATA-ATA converter caddy in the X6 Ultrabase using internal mini PCIe slot using integrated SDHC slot using CardBus (a.k.a PCMCIA or PC Card) slot using USB Thankfully, because I use only Linux on this PC the bootability of them is irrelevant as I can put the /boot partition on internal HDD and / on any of the above mentioned Flash memories (as I already did for the SDHC test). From what I was able to research and from my own experience those options come with rather big downsides or other problems: SATA-ATA caddy It has three downsides: I have to carry the Ultrabse with me at all times (it's not really inconvenient, but those grams do add) and couldn't disconnect it when I want to disconnect the battery It makes the bay unusable for the optical drive and occasional quick access to other hard drives the only caddies I could buy have rather flaky controllers in them so putting my OS on it would hamper its stability Internal mini PCIe slot This would be an ideal solution, if only I could find real PCIe SSDs, not only devices that could talk only SATA or ATA over PCIe mechanical connection (the ones used in Dell Mini or Asus EEE). Theoretically Samsung did release such devices but I couldn't find them in retail anywhere. Integrated SDHC slot It's a nice solution with a single drawback: the fastest 16GB SDHC card on the market can only do around 35MiB/s read and 15MiB/s write while still costing like a normal 40GB SATA SSD that's 10 times faster. Not really cost-effective. CardBus (a.k.a PCMCIA or PC Card) slot Those cards are much faster than the SDHC option (there are ones that can do well over 50MiB/s read in benchmarks) and from what I could find the PCMCIA controller in my laptop does support UDMA so it should be able to deliver comparable speeds. They still cost similarly to SD cards but at least they provide streaming performance comparable to my current HDD. USB That's the worst option. Not only is it limited to 20-30MiB/s by the interface itself the drive would stick out of the laptop so it's a big no no. The question As such I think that going the "CF in a CardBus adapter" route will be the best option. My question is: did anyone try using CF cards in CardBus adapters as system drives with Linux on Thinkpad laptops? Laptops in general? What was the real-world performance? I don't have any CF cards so I can't check how well does it work with suspend/resume, or whatever it's easy to make it work in initramfs (I'm using ArchLinux and SD card was trivial — add 3 modules in single config line and rebuilding initramfs) so any tips/gotchas on this are welcome as well.

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  • batch file to deploy files

    - by Martin Michalak
    hi I have created batch file which pulls info from *.txt file and deploy code from the source to destination: SET Source=%1 if exist %Source% ( ECHO Source for WEB exists ) else ( ECHO Wrong build%Source% doesn't exist GOTO Menu ) SET Server=%2 SET AppPool=%3 SET Destination=%4 SET Folder=%5 SET ENV=%6 SET AppName=%7 SET Envlog=%8 ECHO Deployment of WEB > %Envlog% %Date% %Time% echo. @ECHO Stopping App Pools @ECHO Stopping App Pools >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% D:\ICTTools\PSEXEC.EXE -d \\%Server% cmd.exe /c c:\windows\system32\inetsrv\appcmd STOP apppool /apppool.name:%AppPool% echo. @ECHO App Pools will be stopped in the background @ECHO App Pools will be stopped in the background >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% Pause echo. IF EXIST "%Destination%" ( ECHO Deleting %AppName% %Folder% RMDIR %Destination% /s /q ECHO Destination Folder %Folder% Deleted ECHO Destination Folder %Folder% Deleted >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% ) else ( ECHO Destination Folder %Destination% does not exist, please check ECHO Destination Folder %Destination% does not exist, please check >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% Pause ) echo. @ECHO Starting Robocopy for %AppName% @ECHO Starting Robocopy for %AppName% >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% echo. START /WAIT /MIN ROBOCOPY.EXE %Source% %Destination% *.* /S /NP /R:3 /W:5 /LOG:"Logs\Robo%AppName%%ENV%.log" D:\Tools\Windiff\windiff.exe %Source% %Destination% echo. @ECHO Finished with Robocopy @ECHO Finished with Robocopy >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% echo. @ECHO Checking if App pools stopped: @ECHO Checking if App pools stopped: >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% D:\ICTTools\PSEXEC.EXE \\%Server% c:\windows\system32\inetsrv\appcmd LIST apppool /apppool.name:%AppPool% @echo off set /p ask=All app pools stopped? (y/n) if %ask%==y (echo Great, please continue with deployemnt) else echo Before continuing please check why app pools did not stop @echo App pools stopped?: %ask% >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% DEL %Source%\web.config echo. @ECHO Production Config check if exist "%Destination%\%ENV%-Web.config" ( echo. ECHO The Application production configuration file does exist. ECHO The Application production configuration file does exist. >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% COPY %Destination%\%ENV%-Web.config web.config echo. ECHO Production %ENV%-Web.config has been renamed to web.config ECHO Production %ENV%-Web.config has been renamed to web.config >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% ) else ( ECHO The Application production configuration file is missing in Production %AppName% ECHO The Application production configuration file is missing in Production %AppName% >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% explorer %Destination% Pause ) echo. @ECHO Confirm that configs were renamed correclty, if yes please hit any key to START APP Pools @ECHO Confirm that configs were renamed correclty, if yes please hit any key to START APP Pools >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% Pause echo. @ECHO Start %AppName% Application Pool >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% D:\ICTTools\PSEXEC.EXE \\%Server% c:\windows\system32\inetsrv\appcmd START apppool /apppool.name:%AppPool% @echo off set /p ask=All app pools started? (y/n) if %ask%==y (echo Great, please continue with deployemnt) else echo Before continuing please check why app pools did not start @echo App pools started?: %ask% >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% Pause echo. @ECHO Build Version for %AppName% @ECHO Build Version for %AppName% >> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% type %Destination%\buildinfo.xml echo. ECHO ............................................... @ECHO ...........Deployment Compelted................ @ECHO ...........Deployment Compelted................>> %Envlog% %Date% %Time% ECHO ............................................... here are my issues: Lets say I am running code for 3 servers, then for each instance: For all three servers I am performing destination folder delete even so destination folder is always the same, the code should only delete it in the 1st instance (when code is deployed to first server) then I would prefer if script would check if the code from the source and destination is the same and if it is it should delete the folder or not. Then based on 1: a) deleting web.config and renaming should only happen if code in destination is new b) Robocopy should not override files if they are the same I think there is /Xo option to do that any idea how to achieve that? :)

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  • IPv6: Should I have private addresses?

    - by AlReece45
    Right now, we have a rack of servers. Every server right now has at least 2 IP addresses, one for the public interface, another for the private. The servers that have SSL websites on them have more IP addresses. We also have virtual servers, that are configured similarly. Private Network The private range is currently just used for backups and monitoring. Its a gigabit port, the interface usage does not usually get very high. There are other technologies we're considering using that would use this port: iSCSI (implementations usually recommends dedicating an interface to it, which would be yet another IP network), VPN to get access to the private range (something I'd rather avoid) dedicated database servers LDAP centralized configuration (like puppet) centralized logging We don't have any private addresses in our DNS records (only public addresses). For our servers to utilize the correct IP address for the right interface (and not hard code the IP address) probably requires setting up a private DNS server (So now we add 2 different dns entries to 2 different systems). Public Network Our public range has a variety of services include web, email, and ftp. There is a hardware firewall between our network and the "public" network. We have (relatively secure) method to instruct the firewall to open and close administrative access (web interfaces, ssh, etc) for our current IP address. With either solution discussed, the host-based firewalls will be configured as well. The public network currently runs at a dedicated 20Mbps link. There are a couple of legacy servers with fast-ethernet ports, but they are scheduled for decommissioning. All of the other production boxes have at least 2 Gigabit Ethernet ports. The more traffic-heavy servers have 4-6 available (none is using more than the 2 Gigabit ports right now). IPv6 I want to get an IPv6 prefix from our ISP. So at least every "server" has at least one IPv6 interface. We'll still need to keep the IPv4 addressees up and available for legacy clients (web servers and email at the very least). We have two IP networks right now. Adding the public IPv6 address would make it three. Just use IPv6? I'm thinking about just dumping the private IPv4 range and using the IPv6 range as the primary means of all communications. If an interface starts reaching its capacity, utilize the newly free interfaces to create a trunk. It has the advantage that if either the public or private traffic needs to exceed 1Gbps. The traffic for each interface is already analyzed on a regular basis to predict future bandwidth use. In the rare instances where bandwidth unexpected peaks: utilize QoS to ensure traffic (like our limited SSH access) is prioritized correctly so the problem can be corrected (if possible, our WAN is the bottleneck right now). It also has the advantage of not needing to make an entry for every private address. We may have private DNS (or just LDAP), but it'll be much more limited in scope with less entries to duplicate. Summary I'm trying to make this network as "simple" as possible. At the same time, I want to make sure its reliable, upgradeable, scalable, and (eventually) redundant. Having one IPv6 network, and a legacy IPv4 network seems to be the best solution to me. Regarding using assigned IPv6 addresses for both networks, sharing the available bandwidth on one (more trunked if needed): Are there any technical disadvantages (limitations, buffers, scalability)? Are there any other security considerations (asides from firewalls mentioned above) to consider? Are there regulations or other security requirements (like PCI-DSS) that this doesn't meet? Is there typical software for setting up a Linux network that doesn't have IPv6 support yet? (logging, ldap, puppet) Some other thing I didn't consider?

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  • Specifying a Postfix Instance to send outbound email

    - by Catherine Jefferson
    I have a CentOS 6.5 server running Postfix 2.6x (the default distribution) with five public IPv4 IPs bound to it. Each IP has DNS and rDNS set separately. Each uses a different hostname at a different domain. I have five Postfix instances, one bound to each IP, like this example: 192.168.34.104 red.example.com /etc/postfix 192.168.36.48 green.example.net /etc/postfix-green 192.168.36.49 pink.example.org /etc/postfix-pink 192.168.36.50 orange.example.info /etc/postfix-orange 192.168.36.51 blue.example.us /etc/postfix-blue I've tested each IP by telneting to port 25. Postfix answers and banners properly with the correct hostname. Email is received on all of these instances with no problems and is routed to the correct place. This setup, minus the final instance, has existed for a couple of years and works. I never bothered to set up outbound email to go through any but the main instance, however; there was no need. Now I need to send email from blue.example.us that actually leaves from that interface and IP, such that the Received headers show blue.example.us as the sending mailhost, so that SPF and DKIM validate, etc etc. The email that will be sent from blue.example.com is a feedback loop sent by a single shell account on the server (account5), an account that is dedicated to sending this email. The account receives the feedback loop emails from servers on other networks, saves the bodies of those emails, and then generates a new outbound email header, appends the saved body, and sends the email. It's sending by piping each email to sendmail -oi -t. We're doing it this way to mask the identities of the initial servers. The procmail script that processes these emails works correctly. However, I cannot configure this account to send email through the proper Postfix instance/IP/interface. The exact same account and script sends email through the main Postfix instance /etc/postfix without any issues. When I change MAIL_CONFIG to point to /etc/postfix-blue in either .bash_profile or the Procmail script that handles this email, though, I get this error: sendmail: fatal: User account5(###) is not allowed to submit mail I've read the manuals on Postfix.org, searched Google, and tried the suggestions in three previous answers here on ServerFault.com: Postfix - specify interface to deliver outbound mail on Postfix user is not allowed to submit mail Postfix rejects php mails I have been careful to stop and restart Postfix after each configuration change, and tested the results. Nothing has worked. The main postfix instance happily accepts outbound email from account5. The postfix-blue instance continues to reject email from account5 with the sendmail error above. As tempting as it is to blame machine hostility, I know that I must be missing something or doing something wrong. Does anybody have any suggestions as to what it might be? Please feel free to ask for further information about my setup if you need it. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= At the request of the responder, here are main.cf and master.cf for a) the main postfix instance ("red.example.com") and b) the FBL instance ("blue.example.us") [NOTE: All parameters not specified below were left at the default Postfix 2.6 settings] MAIN: master.cf smtp inet n - n - - smtpd main.cf myhostname = red.example.com mydomain = example.com inet_interfaces = $myhostname, localhost inet_protocols = all lmtp_host_lookup = native smtp_host_lookup = native ignore_mx_lookup_error = yes mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost local_recipient_maps = mynetworks = 192.168.34.104/32 relay_domains = example.com, example.info, example.net, example.org, example.us relayhost = [192.168.34.102] # Separate physical server, main mailserver. relay_recipient_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/relay_recipients alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name multi_instance_wrapper = ${command_directory}/postmulti -p -- multi_instance_enable = yes multi_instance_directories = /etc/postfix-green /etc/postfix-pink /etc/postfix-orange /etc/postfix-blue FBL: master.cf 184.173.119.103:25 inet n - n - - smtpd main.cf myhostname = blue.example.us mydomain = blue.example.us <= Deliberately set to subdomain only. myorigin = $mydomain inet_interfaces = $myhostname lmtp_host_lookup = native smtp_host_lookup = native ignore_mx_lookup_error = yes mydestination = $myhostname local_recipient_maps = unix:passwd.byname $alias_maps $virtual_alias_maps mynetworks = 192.168.36.51/32, 192.168.35.20/31 <= Second IP is backup MX servers relay_domains = $mydestination recipient_canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix-blue/canonical virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix-fbl/virtual alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases, hash:/etc/postfix-blue/canonical alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases, hash:/etc/postfix-blue/canonical mailbox_command = /usr/bin/procmail -a "$EXTENSION" DEFAULT=$HOME/Mail/ MAILDIR=$HOME/Mail smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name authorized_submit_users = multi_instance_name = postfix-blue multi_instance_enable = yes

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  • Choice of an OS for a home ZFS NAS

    - by OlafM
    I am preparing a home NAS with an old Athlon 64 X2 3800+, 4 GB ECC RAM, Asus M2V MX motherboard, and a single 3 TB WDC Green (another one as mirror may be installed in the future). It's the cheapest solution I found that includes ECC memory and the higher energy consumption is offset by the lower (zero) cost of acquisition. The system will be used for: music storage and stream to other desktop computers; storage of the scanned dia slides (3-4k slides, 180 MB TIFF each one plus reduced quality JPEG version); stream of these photos to a local iPad 2 (maybe Plex App? not yet sure); (one additional) remote backup via rsync/ssh or ZFS send/receive. It will be controlled via remote ssh, maybe VNC, no monitor attached. Absolute requirement is a reliable ZFS solution, plus the ability to easily install packets/software/virtual machines and to update remotely (I will be the admin and I don't live near the NAS). I have mainly three options: NAS4free/FreeNAS OpenIndiana Solaris Express 11 (yeah yeah I know the license requirements, I will write a perl script on it to count it as development machine). Problems: NAS4free/FreeNAS (I tested only NAS4free) required embedded installation for remote upgrading, but full install for easy addition of software packets. Since I need at least AirVideo Server (linux/win) and Plex App (win/linux) to stream the photos and some videos to iPad (they both require virtualbox), but I cannot be there to install updates, NAS4free/FreeNAS are excluded. http://www.nas4free.org/general_information.html explains the issue: embedded can be remotely updated, full cannot. Solaris has also another advantage: Crashplan client supports Solaris and I'm already using it for other backups. I would like to leave the option open, even if I will be doing backups probably through zfs send/receive. NexentaStor was left out because zfs send/receive are not included in the free version. The question is now Solaris 11 Express over OpenIndiana. To ease the management, I will be using http://www.napp-it.org Which one would you suggest and why? I found lots of informations and it's difficult for me to decide. I think (from the napp-it manual) that Solaris has some additional options for SMB shares, but are they really needed at home? I think I won't even use ACLs, since normal unix-style permissions are enough. OpenIndiana has maybe more frequent updates (Solaris offers only security updates between releases), but again, do I need them? I don't think so. Moreover, this is a NAS that has to work and nothing else, I cannot risk having problems that require me to access the server. Isn't OpenIndiana a bit more... cutting edge (in the Solaris world)? I'm just asking, no need to focus on this for the answer :-) I would limit myself to these two options (SE11.1/OI) also because I will be making a NAS for me in the future (where high performances with Mac shares are also required) and Solaris has kernel support for AFP. I will use this server to gather experience as well. After this long question, thanks in advance! If you need additional info, let me know and I will update this post. UPDATES Given the first answers, I will strongly suggest the person paying the hardware to insert a second HD. Better 2x2TB than 1x3TB (3 TB is oversized anyway). I was trying to keep the initial costs down to spread them over a longer period, but better having something good from the beginning.

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  • In Linux, what's the best way to delegate administration responsibilities, like for Apache, a database, or some other application?

    - by Andrew Banks
    In Linux, what's the best way to delegate administration responsibilities for Apache and other "applications"? File permissions? Sudo? A mix of both? Something else? At work we have two tiers of "administrators" Operating system administrators. These are your run-of-the-mill "server administrators." They are responsible for just the operating system. Application administrators. The people who build the web site. This includes not only writing the SQL, PHP, and HTML, but also setting up and running Apache and PostgreSQL or MySQL. The aforementioned OS admins will install this stuff, but it's mainly up to the app admins to edit all the config files, start and stop processes when needed, and so on. I am one of the app admins. This is different than what I am used to. I used to just write code. The sysadmin took care not only of the OS but also installing, setting up, and keeping up the server software. But he left. Now I'm in charge of setting up Apache and the database. The new sysadmins say they just handle the operating system. It's no problem. I welcome learning new stuff. But there is a learning curve, even for the OS admins. Apache, by default, seems to be set up for administration by root directly. All the config files and scripts are 644 and owned by root:root. I'm not given the root password, naturally, so the OS admins must somehow give my ordinary OS user account all the rights necessary to edit Apache's config files, start and stop it, read its log files, and so on. Right now they're using a mix of: (1) giving me certain sudo rights, (2) adding me to certain groups, and (3) changing the file permissions of various directories, to make them writable by one of the groups I'm in. This never goes smoothly. There's always a back-and-forth between me and the sysadmins. They say it's ready. Then I try certain things, and half of them I still can't do. So they make some more changes. Then finally I seem to be independent and can administer Apache and the database without pestering them anymore. It's the sheer complication and amount of changes that make me uncomfortable. Even though it finally works, more or less, it seems hackneyed. I feel like we're doing it wrong. It seems like the makers of the software would have anticipated this scenario (someone other than root administering it) and have a clean two- or three-step program to delegate responsibility to me. But it feels like we are really chewing up the filesystem and making it far and away from the default set-up. Any suggestions? Are we doing it the recommended way? P.S. For PostgreSQL it seems a little better. Its files are owned by a system user named postgres. So giving me the right to run sudo su - postgres gives me just about everything. I'm just now getting into MySQL, but it seems to be set up similarly. But it seems a little weird doing all my work as another user.

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