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  • How do I make Linux recognize a new SATA /dev/sda drive I hot swapped in without rebooting?

    - by Philip Durbin
    Hot swapping out a failed SATA /dev/sda drive worked fine, but when I went to swap in a new drive, it wasn't recognized: [root@fs-2 ~]# tail -18 /var/log/messages May 5 16:54:35 fs-2 kernel: ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x50000 action 0xe frozen May 5 16:54:35 fs-2 kernel: ata1: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake } May 5 16:54:40 fs-2 kernel: ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) May 5 16:54:45 fs-2 kernel: ata1: device not ready (errno=-16), forcing hardreset May 5 16:54:45 fs-2 kernel: ata1: soft resetting link May 5 16:54:50 fs-2 kernel: ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) May 5 16:54:55 fs-2 kernel: ata1: SRST failed (errno=-16) May 5 16:54:55 fs-2 kernel: ata1: soft resetting link May 5 16:55:00 fs-2 kernel: ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) May 5 16:55:05 fs-2 kernel: ata1: SRST failed (errno=-16) May 5 16:55:05 fs-2 kernel: ata1: soft resetting link May 5 16:55:10 fs-2 kernel: ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) May 5 16:55:40 fs-2 kernel: ata1: SRST failed (errno=-16) May 5 16:55:40 fs-2 kernel: ata1: limiting SATA link speed to 1.5 Gbps May 5 16:55:40 fs-2 kernel: ata1: soft resetting link May 5 16:55:45 fs-2 kernel: ata1: SRST failed (errno=-16) May 5 16:55:45 fs-2 kernel: ata1: reset failed, giving up May 5 16:55:45 fs-2 kernel: ata1: EH complete I tried a couple things to make the server find the new /dev/sda, such as rescan-scsi-bus.sh but they didn't work: [root@fs-2 ~]# echo "---" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan -bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument [root@fs-2 ~]# [root@fs-2 ~]# /root/rescan-scsi-bus.sh -l [snip] 0 new device(s) found. 0 device(s) removed. [root@fs-2 ~]# [root@fs-2 ~]# ls /dev/sda ls: /dev/sda: No such file or directory I ended up rebooting the server. /dev/sda was recognized, I fixed the software RAID, and everything is fine now. But for next time, how can I make Linux recognize a new SATA drive I have hot swapped in without rebooting? The operating system in question is RHEL5.3: [root@fs-2 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.3 (Tikanga) The hard drive is a Seagate Barracuda ES.2 SATA 3.0-Gb/s 500-GB, model ST3500320NS. Here is the lscpi output: [root@fs-2 ~]# lspci 00:00.0 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Memory Controller (rev a2) 00:01.0 ISA bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 LPC Bridge (rev a3) 00:01.1 SMBus: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SMBus (rev a3) 00:02.0 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP55 USB Controller (rev a1) 00:02.1 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP55 USB Controller (rev a2) 00:04.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 IDE (rev a1) 00:05.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3) 00:05.1 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3) 00:05.2 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3) 00:06.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI bridge (rev a2) 00:08.0 Bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Ethernet (rev a3) 00:09.0 Bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Ethernet (rev a3) 00:0a.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3) 00:0b.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3) 00:0c.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3) 00:0d.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3) 00:0e.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3) 00:0f.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3) 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control 00:19.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration 00:19.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map 00:19.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller 00:19.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control 03:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Matrox Graphics, Inc. MGA G200e [Pilot] ServerEngines (SEP1) (rev 02) 04:00.0 PCI bridge: NEC Corporation uPD720400 PCI Express - PCI/PCI-X Bridge (rev 06) 04:00.1 PCI bridge: NEC Corporation uPD720400 PCI Express - PCI/PCI-X Bridge (rev 06) Update: In perhaps a dozen cases, we've been forced to reboot servers because hot swap hasn't "just worked." Thanks for the answers to look more into the SATA controller. I've included the lspci output for the problematic system above (hostname: fs-2). I could still use some help understanding what exactly isn't supported hardware-wise in terms of hot swap for that system. Please let me know what other output besides lspci might be useful. The good news is that hot swap "just worked" today on one of our servers (hostname: www-1), which is very rare for us. Here is the lspci output: [root@www-1 ~]# lspci 00:00.0 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Memory Controller (rev a2) 00:01.0 ISA bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 LPC Bridge (rev a3) 00:01.1 SMBus: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SMBus (rev a3) 00:02.0 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP55 USB Controller (rev a1) 00:02.1 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP55 USB Controller (rev a2) 00:04.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 IDE (rev a1) 00:05.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3) 00:05.1 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3) 00:05.2 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3) 00:06.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI bridge (rev a2) 00:08.0 Bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Ethernet (rev a3) 00:09.0 Bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Ethernet (rev a3) 00:0b.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3) 00:0c.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3) 00:0f.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3) 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] HyperTransport Configuration 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Address Map 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] DRAM Controller 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Miscellaneous Control 00:18.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Link Control 00:19.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] HyperTransport Configuration 00:19.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Address Map 00:19.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] DRAM Controller 00:19.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Miscellaneous Control 00:19.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Link Control 03:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Matrox Graphics, Inc. MGA G200e [Pilot] ServerEngines (SEP1) (rev 02) 04:00.0 PCI bridge: NEC Corporation uPD720400 PCI Express - PCI/PCI-X Bridge (rev 06) 04:00.1 PCI bridge: NEC Corporation uPD720400 PCI Express - PCI/PCI-X Bridge (rev 06) 09:00.0 SCSI storage controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic SAS1064ET PCI-Express Fusion-MPT SAS (rev 04)

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  • Python: How to execute a SQL file or command

    - by Mestika
    Hi, I have this Python script: import sys import getopt import timeit import random import os import re import ibm_db import time from string import maketrans runs=5 queries=50 file = open("results.txt", "a") for r in range(5): print "Run %s\n" % r os.system("python reads.py -r1 -pquery1.sql -q50 -sespec") file.write('END QUERY READ 01') file.close() os.system("python query_read_02.py") Everything here is working, it is creating the results.txt file, it run the os.system("python reads.py...") file and that file is doing everything it's suppose to, but the problem comes when go and run the query_read_02.py file. In this file, it should execute a SQL command or a SQL file on my database, so I can create an index and see what the performance of that input is, but how do i do it? I create the connection to the database in the reads.py file, but it's hard to create the queries in there because I doesn't keep track of which file it has reached, it just execute commands from what the parameters are. I hope I've explained myself clear enough, otherwise please let me know. I just want to execute a SQL command or file which each query_read_0x.py file. Sincerely Mestika

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  • What Date Format Should I Send When Using Oracle.DataAcess.

    - by discwiz
    Converting from usind Micorsofts Syste.Data.OracleClient to what I believe is called Oracles ODT (Oracle.DataAccess 10.2.0.100). When I try and send a date I get this error "ORA-1858: a non-numeric character was found where a numeric was expected". This code worked great using System.Data.OracleClient. cmd.Parameters.Add(New OracleParameter("I_FIRST_LOSS_EVENT_DATE", OracleDbType.Date)).Value = .LossEventsMessages(0).LossEventTime Thanks, Dave

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  • Why is an oracle sequence named hibernate_sequence being created with JPA using Hibernate with the O

    - by JavaRocky
    All my entities use this type of @Id @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "MYENTITY_SEQ") @SequenceGenerator(name = "MYENTITY_SEQ", sequenceName = "MYENTITY_SEQ") @Column(name = "MYENTITY", nullable = false) private Long id; Or @Id @Column(name = "MYENTITY") I find that an oracle sequence named hibernate_sequence is always created. Why is this so? And how can i avoid this? I am using JPA1 with Hibernate 3 and the Oracle 10g dialect.

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  • Mysql SELECT nested query, very complicated?

    - by smartbear
    Okay, first following are my tables: Table house: id | items_id | 1 | 1,5,10,20 | Table items: id | room_name | refer 1 | kitchen | 3 5 | room1 | 10 Table kitchen: id | detail_name | refer 3 | spoon | 4 5 | fork | 10 Table spoon: id | name | color | price | quantity_available | 4 | spoon_a | white | 50 | 100 | 5 | spoon_b | black | 30 | 200 | How to do a nested select statement, where I want to select id, name, color, price and quantity_available column, from the each value inside the 'items_id' column in 'house' table? This is very challenging!! EDIT: after read robin's answer Table house: id | items_id | house1 | 1 | house1 | 5 | house1 | 10 | house2 | 20 | If this it the house table, how to do the nested, join, or whatever select statement??

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  • Hidden Features of ASP.NET

    - by Vaibhav
    There are always features that would be useful in fringe scenarios, but for that very reason most people don't know them. I am asking for features that are not typically taught by the text books. What are the ones that you know?

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  • Direct TCP/IP connections in P2P apps

    - by Greg Roberts
    From a Joel's post on Copilot: Direct Connect! We’ve always done everything we can to make sure that Fog Creek Copilot can connect in any networking situation, no matter what firewalls or NATs are in place. To make this happen, both parties make outbound connections to our server, which relays traffic on their behalf. Well, in many cases, this isn’t necessary. So version 2.0 does something rather clever: it sets up the initial connection through our servers, so you get connected right away with 100% reliability. But then once you’re all connected, it quietly, in the background, looks for a way to make a direct connection. If it can’t, no big deal: you just keep relaying through our server. If you can make a direct peer-to-peer connection, it silently shifts your data onto the direct connection. You won’t notice anything except, probably, much faster communication. How do they change the server connection to a P2P connection?

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  • Authoritative sources about Database vs. Flatfile decision

    - by FastAl
    <tldr>looking for a reference to a book or other undeniably authoritative source that gives reasons when you should choose a database vs. when you should choose other storage methods. I have provided an un-authoritative list of reasons about 2/3 of the way down this post.</tldr> I have a situation at my company where a database is being used where it would be better to use another solution (in this case, an auto-generated piece of source code that contains a static lookup table, searched by binary sort). Normally, a database would be an OK solution even though the problem does not require a database, e.g, none of the elements of ACID are needed, as it is read-only data, updated about every 3-5 years (also requiring other sourcecode changes), and fits in memory, and can be keyed into via binary search (a tad faster than db, but speed is not an issue). The problem is that this code runs on our enterprise server, but is shared with several PC platforms (some disconnected, some use a central DB, etc.), and parts of it are managed by multiple programming units, parts by the DBAs, parts even by mathematicians in another department, etc. These hit their own platform’s version of their databases (containing their own copy of the static data). What happens is that every implementation, every little change, something different goes wrong. There are many other issues as well. I can’t even use a flatfile, because one mode of running on our enterprise server does not have permission to read files (only databases, and of course, its own literal storage, e.g., in-source table). Of course, other parts of the system use databases in proper, less obscure manners; there is no problem with those parts. So why don’t we just change it? I don’t have administrative ability to force a change. But I’m affected because sometimes I have to help fix the problems, but mostly because it causes outages and tons of extra IT time by other programmers and d*mmit that makes me mad! The reason neither management, nor the designers of the system, can see the problem is that they propose a solution that won’t work: increase communication; implement more safeguards and standards; etc. But every time, in a different part of the already-pared-down but still multi-step processes, a few different diligent, hard-working, top performing IT personnel make a unique subtle error that causes it to fail, sometimes after the last round of testing! And in general these are not single-person failures, but understandable miscommunications. And communication at our company is actually better than most. People just don't think that's the case because they haven't dug into the matter. However, I have it on very good word from somebody with extensive formal study of sociology and psychology that the relatively small amount of less-than-proper database usage in this gigantic cross-platform multi-source, multi-language project is bureaucratically un-maintainable. Impossible. No chance. At least with Human Beings in the loop, and it can’t be automated. In addition, the management and developers who could change this, though intelligent and capable, don’t understand the rigidity of this ‘how humans are’ issue, and are not convincible on the matter. The reason putting the static data in sourcecode will solve the problem is, although the solution is less sexy than a database, it would function with no technical drawbacks; and since the sharing of sourcecode already works very well, you basically erase any database-related effort from this section of the project, along with all the drawbacks of it that are causing problems. OK, that’s the background, for the curious. I won’t be able to convince management that this is an unfixable sociological problem, and that the real solution is coding around these limits of human nature, just as you would code around a bug in a 3rd party component that you can’t change. So what I have to do is exploit the unsuitableness of the database solution, and not do it using logic, but rather authority. I am aware of many reasons, and posts on this site giving reasons for one over the other; I’m not looking for lists of reasons like these (although you can add a comment if I've miss a doozy): WHY USE A DATABASE? instead of flatfile/other DB vs. file: if you need... Random Read / Transparent search optimization Advanced / varied / customizable Searching and sorting capabilities Transaction/rollback Locks, semaphores Concurrency control / Shared users Security 1-many/m-m is easier Easy modification Scalability Load Balancing Random updates / inserts / deletes Advanced query Administrative control of design, etc. SQL / learning curve Debugging / Logging Centralized / Live Backup capabilities Cached queries / dvlp & cache execution plans Interleaved update/read Referential integrity, avoid redundant/missing/corrupt/out-of-sync data Reporting (from on olap or oltp db) / turnkey generation tools [Disadvantages:] Important to get right the first time - professional design - but only b/c it's meant to last s/w & h/w cost Usu. over a network, speed issue (best vs. best design vs. local=even then a separate process req's marshalling/netwk layers/inter-p comm) indicies and query processing can stand in the way of simple processing (vs. flatfile) WHY USE FLATFILE: If you only need... Sequential Row processing only Limited usage append only (no reading, no master key/update) Only Update the record you're reading (fixed length recs only) Too big to fit into memory If Local disk / read-ahead network connection Portability / small system Email / cut & Paste / store as document by novice - simple format Low design learning curve but high cost later WHY USE IN-MEMORY/TABLE (tables, arrays, etc.): if you need... Processing a single db/ff record that was imported Known size of data Static data if hardcoding the table Narrow, unchanging use (e.g., one program or proc) -includes a class that will be shared, but encapsulates its data manipulation Extreme speed needed / high transaction frequency Random access - but search is dependent on implementation Following are some other posts about the topic: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1499239/database-vs-flat-text-file-what-are-some-technical-reasons-for-choosing-one-over http://stackoverflow.com/questions/332825/are-flat-file-databases-any-good http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2356851/database-vs-flat-files http://stackoverflow.com/questions/514455/databases-vs-plain-text/514530 What I’d like to know is if anybody could recommend a hard, authoritative source containing these reasons. I’m looking for a paper book I can buy, or a reputable website with whitepapers about the issue (e.g., Microsoft, IBM), not counting the user-generated content on those sites. This will have a greater change to elicit a change that I’m looking for: less wasted programmer time, and more reliable programs. Thanks very much for your help. You win a prize for reading such a large post!

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  • Display query results like \G in MySQL when using Oracle / sqlplus?

    - by jed79
    In MySQL, you can use \G to run a query: select * from mytable\G And your results will be displayed in an inverted table, kinda like this: *************************** 1. row *************************** column1: 12345 another_colum: another value yet_another: ABCD *************************** 2. row *************************** column1: 238479 another_colum: another value again yet_another: WXYZ Is there any way to get a similar format using Oracle / sqlplus?

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  • devArt's dotConnect for Oracle vs. ODP.net/OCI performanc.

    - by Sieg
    Does anybody have any experience going from ODP.net to devArt's dotConnect for Oracle? Some initial testing is showing Direct Connect in 64bit dotConnect running 30% slower at times than our original ODP.net/OCI 32 bit solution. Trying to determine if that's normal or if something may be wrong in my testing approach. Thanks!

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  • Unwanted Shell expansion when assigning the output of a shell command to a variable

    - by Rob Goodwin
    I am exporting a portion of a local prototypte svn repository to import into a different repo. We have a number of svn properties set throughout the repo so I figured I would write a script to list the file elements and their corresponding properties. How hard can that be right. So I write started writing a bash script that would assign the output of the svn proplist -v to a variable so I could check if the specified file had any properties. #!/bin/bash svn proplist -v $1 o=$(svn proplist -v "$1") echo $o now this works fine and echos the output of the svn proplist command. But if the proplist command returns something like svn:ignore : * build it performs a shell expansion on the * and inserts the entire directory listing prior to the build property value. So if the directory had a.txt, b.txt and build files/dirs in it, the output would look like. svn:ignore a.txt b.txt build I figure I need to somehow escape the output or something to keep the expansion from happening, but have yet to find something that works. There are other ways to do this, but I hate when I cannot figure something out. and I have to admin, I think this one beat me ( well given the time I can spend on it )

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  • Launch command on remote Windows machine, given admin credentials

    - by Bilal Aslam
    I have a Windows Server 2008 instance on Amazon EC2 (Amazon's cloud compute platform, which provides VMs in the cloud). It has an external IP, and I have an admin account on the box. I would like to 'bootstrap' this instance remotely i.e. I want to run commands to download, install and configure apps on it, all without having to log on even once. I have figured out how to do this to a remote, domain-joined computer using WMI. I can even use psexec to get what I want, as long as the remote computer is part of the domain. However, I have NOT been able to do for a remote computer on EC2. Here are some specific restrictions: 1) The remote computer is not part of my domain, hence no Kerberos 2) The remote computer does not have a cert I trust, or vice versa I am sure I am running into to some auth/trust restriction. Is there any way I can run a single command on the remote, given that I have admin privileges? I'm not tied down to using WMI, but I do need to run a command somehow. Feels like this should be a solved problem.

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  • How do I prove I should put a table of values in source code instead of a database table?

    - by FastAl
    <tldr>looking for a reference to a book or other undeniably authoritative source that gives reasons when you should choose a database vs. when you should choose other storage methods. I have provided an un-authoritative list of reasons about 2/3 of the way down this post.</tldr> I have a situation at my company where a database is being used where it would be better to use another solution (in this case, an auto-generated piece of source code that contains a static lookup table, searched by binary sort). Normally, a database would be an OK solution even though the problem does not require a database, e.g, none of the elements of ACID are needed, as it is read-only data, updated about every 3-5 years (also requiring other sourcecode changes), and fits in memory, and can be keyed into via binary search (a tad faster than db, but speed is not an issue). The problem is that this code runs on our enterprise server, but is shared with several PC platforms (some disconnected, some use a central DB, etc.), and parts of it are managed by multiple programming units, parts by the DBAs, parts even by mathematicians in another department, etc. These hit their own platform’s version of their databases (containing their own copy of the static data). What happens is that every implementation, every little change, something different goes wrong. There are many other issues as well. I can’t even use a flatfile, because one mode of running on our enterprise server does not have permission to read files (only databases, and of course, its own literal storage, e.g., in-source table). Of course, other parts of the system use databases in proper, less obscure manners; there is no problem with those parts. So why don’t we just change it? I don’t have administrative ability to force a change. But I’m affected because sometimes I have to help fix the problems, but mostly because it causes outages and tons of extra IT time by other programmers and d*mmit that makes me mad! The reason neither management, nor the designers of the system, can see the problem is that they propose a solution that won’t work: increase communication; implement more safeguards and standards; etc. But every time, in a different part of the already-pared-down but still multi-step processes, a few different diligent, hard-working, top performing IT personnel make a unique subtle error that causes it to fail, sometimes after the last round of testing! And in general these are not single-person failures, but understandable miscommunications. And communication at our company is actually better than most. People just don't think that's the case because they haven't dug into the matter. However, I have it on very good word from somebody with extensive formal study of sociology and psychology that the relatively small amount of less-than-proper database usage in this gigantic cross-platform multi-source, multi-language project is bureaucratically un-maintainable. Impossible. No chance. At least with Human Beings in the loop, and it can’t be automated. In addition, the management and developers who could change this, though intelligent and capable, don’t understand the rigidity of this ‘how humans are’ issue, and are not convincible on the matter. The reason putting the static data in sourcecode will solve the problem is, although the solution is less sexy than a database, it would function with no technical drawbacks; and since the sharing of sourcecode already works very well, you basically erase any database-related effort from this section of the project, along with all the drawbacks of it that are causing problems. OK, that’s the background, for the curious. I won’t be able to convince management that this is an unfixable sociological problem, and that the real solution is coding around these limits of human nature, just as you would code around a bug in a 3rd party component that you can’t change. So what I have to do is exploit the unsuitableness of the database solution, and not do it using logic, but rather authority. I am aware of many reasons, and posts on this site giving reasons for one over the other; I’m not looking for lists of reasons like these (although you can add a comment if I've miss a doozy): WHY USE A DATABASE? instead of flatfile/other DB vs. file: if you need... Random Read / Transparent search optimization Advanced / varied / customizable Searching and sorting capabilities Transaction/rollback Locks, semaphores Concurrency control / Shared users Security 1-many/m-m is easier Easy modification Scalability Load Balancing Random updates / inserts / deletes Advanced query Administrative control of design, etc. SQL / learning curve Debugging / Logging Centralized / Live Backup capabilities Cached queries / dvlp & cache execution plans Interleaved update/read Referential integrity, avoid redundant/missing/corrupt/out-of-sync data Reporting (from on olap or oltp db) / turnkey generation tools [Disadvantages:] Important to get right the first time - professional design - but only b/c it's meant to last s/w & h/w cost Usu. over a network, speed issue (best vs. best design vs. local=even then a separate process req's marshalling/netwk layers/inter-p comm) indicies and query processing can stand in the way of simple processing (vs. flatfile) WHY USE FLATFILE: If you only need... Sequential Row processing only Limited usage append only (no reading, no master key/update) Only Update the record you're reading (fixed length recs only) Too big to fit into memory If Local disk / read-ahead network connection Portability / small system Email / cut & Paste / store as document by novice - simple format Low design learning curve but high cost later WHY USE IN-MEMORY/TABLE (tables, arrays, etc.): if you need... Processing a single db/ff record that was imported Known size of data Static data if hardcoding the table Narrow, unchanging use (e.g., one program or proc) -includes a class that will be shared, but encapsulates its data manipulation Extreme speed needed / high transaction frequency Random access - but search is dependent on implementation Following are some other posts about the topic: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1499239/database-vs-flat-text-file-what-are-some-technical-reasons-for-choosing-one-over http://stackoverflow.com/questions/332825/are-flat-file-databases-any-good http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2356851/database-vs-flat-files http://stackoverflow.com/questions/514455/databases-vs-plain-text/514530 What I’d like to know is if anybody could recommend a hard, authoritative source containing these reasons. I’m looking for a paper book I can buy, or a reputable website with whitepapers about the issue (e.g., Microsoft, IBM), not counting the user-generated content on those sites. This will have a greater change to elicit a change that I’m looking for: less wasted programmer time, and more reliable programs. Thanks very much for your help. You win a prize for reading such a large post!

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  • I trying to backreference using the sed command

    - by Paul
    I am relative new to shell scripting and sed. I need to substitute a pattern, globably, but I also need to remember (or save) part of the pattern and use it later in the same substitute command. The saved pattern will be varible, so I need to use a wild card. For example, input message=trt:GetAudioSourcesRequest/> and I want to end up with something like input message=trt:GetAudioSourcesRequest PAUL/GetAudioSourcesRequest/> but the function string "GetAudioSourcesRequest" will change (in length also) throughtout the file, so I need a wild card, e.g. sed -i "s/input message=trt:<wild card in here>/>/input message=trt:<print wild card> PAUL/<print wild card>/> I have managed to get the following command to nearly do what I want but it is too rigid. It only stores a 4 syllable pattern so if I have a function name such as GetProfileRequest, this doesn't work echo "input message=\"trt:GetAudioSourcesRequest\"/>" | sed 's/input message=\"trt:\([A-Z][a-z]*\)\([A-Z][a-z]*\)\([A-Z][a-z]*\)\([A-Z][a-z]*\).*/input message=\"trt:\1\2\3\4\ PAUL\/\1\2\3\4"\/\>/g' This outputs input message="trt:GetAudioSourcesRequest PAUL/GetAudioSourcesRequest"/> Which is ok but when I use GetProfileRequest this doesn't. I have come accross \W and [^[:alnum:]] or [[:alnum:]] but I don't how to use them Thanks in advance.

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  • Heroku: bash: bundle: command not found

    - by Space Monkey
    My heroku deployment is crashing with following errors. 2012-12-12T17:16:18+00:00 app[web.1]: bash: bundle: command not found 2012-12-12T17:16:19+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 127 2012-12-12T17:16:19+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed The Heroku documentation for this error is to set PATH and GEM variables as described in https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/changing-ruby-version-breaks-path I tried that, however that too is not helping. ? heroku config:add PATH=bin:vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin ? heroku config:add GEM_PATH=vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1 ? heroku run rake db:migrate Running rake db:migrate attached to terminal... up, run.7130 bash: bundle: command not found Next, I tried setting Ruby version in my Heroku app. This increased the slugsize. But app was still not up. Gemfile ruby "1.9.2" Pushed to Heroku -----> Using Ruby version: ruby-1.9.2 -----> Installing dependencies using Bundler version 1.2.2 heroku run "ruby -v" Running `ruby -v` attached to terminal... up, run.4483 ruby 1.9.2p320 (2012-04-20 revision 35421) [x86_64-linux] Can someone please advice

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  • Are products like SQL Server and Oracle are "ORDBMS"?

    - by n10i
    According to wikipedia! http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ORDBMS IBM's DB2, Oracle database, and Microsoft SQL Server, make claims to support this technology and do so with varying degrees of success So, are these products true "ORDBMS" like PostgreSQL? or they are they are long way from it? can someone plz! point me to any link where i can read about the features still to be implemented by these RDBMS to become true ORDBMS!

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  • How to identify what locked PL/SQL package (Oracle 10.0.4.2)?

    - by Roman Kagan
    I was trying to recompile PL/SQL package and no avail. because something obtained the lock and that wasn't released for long time. As soon as I kill all sessions I was able to recompile but encounter the same behavior (i.e. locked package) and I wonder what tools are avail to identify what could of obtain it and never release it? This happen on (Oracle 10.0.4.2). Greatly appreciate for your help.

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  • mod_rewrite if file exists

    - by Mathieu Parent
    Hi everyone, I already have two rewrite rules that work correctly for now but some more code has to be added to work perfectly. I have a website hosted at mydomain.com and all subdom.mydomain.com are rewrited to mydomain.com/subs/subdom . My CMS has to handle the request if the file being reached does not exist, the rewrite is done like so: RewriteCond $1 !^subs/ RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^([^.]+)\.mydomain\.com$ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ subs/%1/index.php?page=$1 [L] My CMS handles the next part of the parsing as usual. The problem is if a file really exists, I need to link to it without passing through my CMS, I managed to do it like this: RewriteCond $1 !^subs/ RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^([^.]+)\.mydomain\.com$ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f [OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ subs/%1/$1 [L] So far it seems to work like a charm. Now I am being picky and I need to have default files that are stored in subs/default/. If the file exists in the subdomain folder, we should grab this one but if not, we need to get the file from the default subdomain. And if the file does not exist anywhere, we should be using the 404 page from the current subdomain unless there is none. I hope it describes well enough. Thank you for your time!

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  • Using Oracle Sequence in SQL Loader?

    - by Sujee
    Hi, I am using SEQUENCE keyword in SQL Loader control file to generate primary keys. But for a special scenario I would like to use Oracle sequence in the control file. The Oracle documentation for SQL Loader doesn't mentioned anything about it. does SQL Loader support it?

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