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  • R equivalent of SELECT DISTINCT on two or more fields/variables

    - by wahalulu
    Say I have a dataframe df with two or more columns, is there an easy way to use unique() or other R function to create a subset of unique combinations of two or more columns? I know I can use sqldf() and write an easy "SELECT DISTINCT var1, var2, ... varN" query, but I am looking for an R way of doing this. It occurred to me to try ftable coerced to a dataframe and use the field names, but I also get the cross tabulations of combinations that don't exist in the dataset: uniques <- as.data.frame(ftable(df$var1, df$var2))

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  • Pass variable number of variables to a class in PHP

    - by user325282
    I need to pass a variable number of strings to instantiate different classes. I can always do a switch on the size of the array: switch(count($a)) { case 1: new Class(${$a[0]}); break; case 2: new Class(${$a[0]}, ${$a[1]}); break; etc... There has to be a better way to do this. If I have an array of strings ("variable1", "variable2", 'variable3", ...), how can I instantiate a Class without manually accounting for every possibility?

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  • Need help with some functions and variables

    - by Doug
    function createXMLHTTP() { xmlhttp = =new XMLHttpRequest(); return xmlhttp; } I'm trying to create 3 instances of this, but it all has the same variable name which is xmlhttp. How can I dynamically create different variable names? I'm not sure if that's the right way to ask the question. I want to create like xmlhttp1, xmlhttp2, xmlhttp3, so then I can reference each one.

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  • retrieving variables with jquery ajax

    - by vick
    <div class="lead_detail_box_routing"> <div class="lead_detail_box_left">location 1</div> <div class="lead_detail_box_right">Route</div> <div class="lead_detail_box_left">location 2</div> <div class="lead_detail_box_right">Route</div> <div class="lead_detail_box_left">location 3</div> <div class="lead_detail_box_right">Route</div> <div class="lead_detail_box_left">location 4</div> <div class="lead_detail_box_right">Route</div> <div id="results" style="text-align:center;"></div> </div> <!-- end lead_detail and routing--> e.g. when user clicks on "route" I want my jquery-manual-routing.php to get the "3" .. so far I have: <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("a#route").click(function() { $("#results").load( "jquery-manual-routing.php", { route_to: ???? } ); return false; }); }); </script> so in my php script, when the user clicks on route next to location 3 I want to be able to grab $_GET['route_to'] =3; Also note that my table already has the class assigned since I am using css to style it The answer will be pure php echo

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  • Testing instance variables from controllers with rspec

    - by Thiago
    Hi, I am trying to get the following spec to run: describe BlacklistController, "GET index" do it "should display the list of universally blocked numbers" do get :index debugger assigns[:blocked_numbers].should contain "190" end end Here's the action def index @blocked_numbers << "190" respond_to do |format| format.html end end And the failure simply says that assigns[:blocked_numbers} is nil. Why's that?

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  • htaccess url rewrite with multiple variables in url

    - by Cata
    Hello, I want to make some url rewrite rules on my .htaccess file so that this link: http://myseite.com/index.php?var1=value1&var2=value2 will become : http://myseite.com/var1/value2.html So far I have managed successfully to solve this problem but only for one variable. I also tried this code: RewriteRule ^([^/]*)/([^/]*)\.html$ /index.php?var1=$1&var2=$2 [L] But it doesn't work.. Thank you for the help!

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  • piping to variables

    - by lego69
    cut -d" " -f2 ${2} | $callsTo hello, can somebody please explain can I pipe the result of cut to variable callsTo, and how will it be stored, as the string or list?

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  • Accessing global variables in a flash[:notice]

    - by Trip
    This is deals_controller.rb. And it works like this, except two things. Not sure how to call Deal.count to add in my flash[:notice] . I get the hunch that its not calling something global. I need that contional statement back, as I'm pretty sure its responsible for actually adding the new @deal . So I assume my syntax is off. Do note, I added an extra 'end' when I uncomment this block. def create -# This will use the disclaimer_ids submitted from the check boxes in the view -# to add/delete deal.disclaimers entries to matched the list of checked boxes. @deal = Deal.new(params[:deal]) -# <------I Need this commented out IF statement back ------- -#if @deal.valid? && @organization.deals << @deal flash[:notice] = 'Your promotion is published! You may find it in the number 1 position of our #{deal.count} previously posted promotions. To see your promotion, click here."' respond_to do |format| format.html { redirect_to organization_deals_path(@organization) } format.js -# I Need this IF Statement Back! -#else -#@disclaimers = Disclaimer.all -#render :action = 'new' end end Thanks!

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  • login script in php using session variables

    - by kracekumar
    ? username: '; } else { $user=$_POST['user']; $query="select name from login where name='$user'"; $result=mysql_query($query) or die(mysql_error()); $rows=mysql_num_rows($result)or die(mysql_error()); session_start(); //echo "results"; $username=mysql_fetch_array($result) or die(mysql_error()); $fields=mysql_num_fields($result) or die(mysql_error()); echo "username:$username[0]"; $_SESSION['username']=$username[0]; $sesion_username=$_SESSION['username']; //echo "rows:$rows"." "."fields:$fields"; echo""."username:$sesion_username"; } ? i wanted to create a site where user can login and upload their details depending on their user name have stored their details in a database,the problem i am facing is two people 'a' and 'b' login one after other session_variable $_SESSION['username'] will have 'b's' username ,so i can't display 'a's' details now. . . . what i want to achieve is when a user logins in i want to store his name and other details in session variable and navigate him according and display his details

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  • ActionScript 3 - access variables in main application class from instantiated class

    - by Herter
    I have a initApp.as which instantiates a class which needs to access the "currentState" property and the States array as well. However we cannot get this to work as we cannot see how we can access this information. Within initApp.as currentState is accessed via "this.currentState". This does not work in the class which is instatiated within initApp.as. The following error is thrown: "Access of undefined property currentState." Anyone know how this can be solved?

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  • simplify in declaring variables value in php

    - by Robert John Concepcion
    $jan5 = 0; $feb5 = 0; $mar5 = 0; $apr5 = 0; $may5 = 0; $jun5 = 0; $jul5 = 0; $aug5 = 0; $sep5 = 0; $oct5 = 0; $nov5 = 0; $dec5 = 0; $jan4 = 0; $feb4 = 0; $mar4 = 0; $apr4 = 0; $may4 = 0; $jun4 = 0; $jul4 = 0; $aug4 = 0; $sep4 = 0; $oct4 = 0; $nov4 = 0; $dec4 = 0; $jan3 = 0; $feb3 = 0; $mar3 = 0; $apr3 = 0; $may3 = 0; $jun3 = 0; $jul3 = 0; $aug3 = 0; $sep3 = 0; $oct3 = 0; $nov3 = 0; $dec3 = 0; this is the most time consuming code when i try to make for example i want the default value of $jan5 is equal to zero.. can some one teach me how to make this short? thank you so much for reading $date = 'smi_initialdate'; $level = 'smi_level'; $year = '2012'; $result1 = mysql_query("SELECT *, DATE_FORMAT( $date, '%m' ) As monthz FROM eis_mngt_sales_iti WHERE year($date) = '$year' ORDER BY $date"); while($row=mysql_fetch_array($result1)) { $count++; if($row['smi_level']=='5star') { if($row['monthz']==1) { $jan++; }elseif($row['monthz']==2) { $feb++; }elseif($row['monthz']==3) { $mar++; }elseif($row['monthz']==4) { $apr++; }elseif($row['monthz']==5) { $may++; }elseif($row['monthz']==6) { $jun++; }elseif($row['monthz']==7) { $jul++; }elseif($row['monthz']==8) { $aug++; }elseif($row['monthz']==9) { $sep++; }elseif($row['monthz']==10) { $oct++; }elseif($row['monthz']==11) { $nov++; }elseif($row['monthz']==12) { $dec++; } } } i decide to put this $jan5 = 0;$feb5 = 0;$mar5 = 0;$apr5 = 0;$may5 = 0;$jun5 = 0;$jul5 = 0; so that if the data did not pass to this condition if($row['smi_level']=='5star') they have the return value of zero(0). so that my output can adapt in this code [<?php echo$jan5.",".$feb5.",".$mar5.",".$apr5.",".$may5.",".$jun5.",".$jul5.",".$aug5.",".$sep5.",".$oct5.",".$nov5.",".$dec5; ?] if a dont use the above code the $jan5 = 0;$feb5 = 0;$mar5 = 0;$apr5 = 0;$may5 = 0;$jun5 = 0;$jul5 = 0;................ when i echo or print it i look like this 1,2,5,11,12 but with the use of that(the first sample code above) the output will be 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,2,5,11,12. thank, sorry if this became confusing, sorry about my grammar

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  • read variables from file

    - by TonyVipros
    Hi, I'm trying to write a shell script to backup websites, I've got it to go through each directory in vhosts and create a new directory vhosts/{siteurl}/private/backups/ and gzip up the site into there. However, I also want it to read a file from private that will contain database name, user and password. So I can then use these to perform a mysqldump to private/backups/. The problem is that I've never written a shell script before so I've go no idea how to read variable data into my script, or how I should format the file to be read. Hope that's enough information.

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  • Accessing variables in other classes (Java)

    - by George
    Why doesn't the following program return 0, since I am accessing p from a new A(), which has not had main called on it? public class A { public int p = 0; public static void main(String[] args) { p = Integer.parseInt(args[0]); new B().go(); } } class B { public void go() { System.out.println(new A().p); } }

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  • Assigning variables to pointers

    - by tys
    When compiling the below, the program seem to crash. However, there is no error in the compiling process. ... int *x; *x = 3; printf("%d", *x); ... From what I know, this program initializes the pointer *x to an integer value, and subsequently assigns the value of 3 to the deferenced pointer *x. So why does the program crashes? If I do this instead, the program can work normally. ... int *x, y; y = 3; x = &y; printf("%d", *x); ... So, what seems to be the problem with the skipping of the y variable, and instead, assigning the pointer *x directly to an integer value?

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  • Calling variables to run scripts

    - by user1416419
    I have a script that lists all files in a directory, lists them in alphabetical order, and places the number of the file before the filename. #!/bin/bash x=1 cd ~/bin for f in * do if [ -f $f ]; then echo "$x: $f" declare a$x=$f x=$(expr $x + 1) fi done read -p "What would you like to execute?: " num $num Output would be 1: file0 2: file1 3: file2 etc Running $num will execute the command a1 which is not a command. What I want to do is run what $a1 is equal to (ie file0). How can I do this?

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  • Monitoring the Application alongside SQL Server

    - by Tony Davis
    Sometimes, on Simple-Talk, it takes a while to spot strange and unexpected patterns of user activity, or small bugs. For example, one morning we spotted that an article’s comment count had leapt to 1485, but that only four were displayed. With some rooting around in Google Analytics, and the endlessly annoying Community Server admin-interface, we were able to work out that a few days previously the article had been subject to a spam attack and that the comment count was for some reason including both accepted and unaccepted comments (which in turn uncovered a bug in the SQL). This sort of incident made us a lot keener on monitoring Simple-talk website usage more effectively. However, the metrics we wanted are troublesome, because they are far too specific for Google Analytics to measure, and the SQL Server backend doesn’t keep sufficient information to enable us to plot trends. The latter could provide, for example, the total number of comments made on, or votes cast for, articles, over all time, but not the number that occur by hour over a set time. We lacked a baseline, in other words. We couldn’t alter the database, as it is a bought-in package. We had neither the resources nor inclination to build-in dedicated application monitoring. Possibly, we could investigate a third-party tool to do the job; but then it occurred to us that we were already using a monitoring tool (SQL Monitor) to keep an eye on the database. It stored data, made graphs and sent alerts. Could we get it to monitor some aspects of the application as well? Of course, SQL Monitor’s single purpose is to check and monitor SQL Server, over time, rather than to monitor applications that use SQL Server. However, how different is the business of gathering and plotting SQL Server Wait Stats, from gathering and plotting various aspects of user activity on the site? Not a lot, it turns out. The latest version allows us to write our own custom monitoring scripts, meaning that we could now monitor any metric in the application that returns an integer. It took little time to write a simple SQL Query that collects basic metrics of the total number of subscribers, votes cast, comments made, or views of articles, over time. The SQL Monitor database polls Simple-Talk every second or so in order to get the latest totals, and can then store and plot this information, or even correlate SQL Server usage to application usage. You can see the live data by visiting monitor.red-gate.com. Click the "Analysis" tab, and select one of the "Simple-talk:" entries in the "Show" box and an appropriate data range (e.g. last 30 days). It’s nascent, and we’re still working on it, but it’s already given us more confidence that we’ll spot quickly trends, bugs, or bursts of ‘abnormal’ activity. If there is a sudden rise in comments, we get an alert, and if it’s due to a spam attack, we can moderate or ban the perpetrator very quickly. We’ve often argued that a tool should perform a single job well rather than turn into a Swiss-army knife, but ironically we’ve rather appreciated being able to make best use of what’s there anyway for a slightly different purpose. Is this a good or common practice? What do you think? Cheers, Tony.

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  • SQL Server Optimizer Malfunction?

    - by Tony Davis
    There was a sharp intake of breath from the audience when Adam Machanic declared the SQL Server optimizer to be essentially "stuck in 1997". It was during his fascinating "Query Tuning Mastery: Manhandling Parallelism" session at the recent PASS SQL Summit. Paraphrasing somewhat, Adam (blog | @AdamMachanic) offered a convincing argument that the optimizer often delivers flawed plans based on assumptions that are no longer valid with today’s hardware. In 1997, when Microsoft engineers re-designed the database engine for SQL Server 7.0, SQL Server got its initial implementation of a cost-based optimizer. Up to SQL Server 2000, the developer often had to deploy a steady stream of hints in SQL statements to combat the occasionally wilful plan choices made by the optimizer. However, with each successive release, the optimizer has evolved and improved in its decision-making. It is still prone to the occasional stumble when we tackle difficult problems, join large numbers of tables, perform complex aggregations, and so on, but for most of us, most of the time, the optimizer purrs along efficiently in the background. Adam, however, challenged further any assumption that the current optimizer is competent at providing the most efficient plans for our more complex analytical queries, and in particular of offering up correctly parallelized plans. He painted a picture of a present where complex analytical queries have become ever more prevalent; where disk IO is ever faster so that reads from disk come into buffer cache faster than ever; where the improving RAM-to-data ratio means that we have a better chance of finding our data in cache. Most importantly, we have more CPUs at our disposal than ever before. To get these queries to perform, we not only need to have the right indexes, but also to be able to split the data up into subsets and spread its processing evenly across all these available CPUs. Improvements such as support for ColumnStore indexes are taking things in the right direction, but, unfortunately, deficiencies in the current Optimizer mean that SQL Server is yet to be able to exploit properly all those extra CPUs. Adam’s contention was that the current optimizer uses essentially the same costing model for many of its core operations as it did back in the days of SQL Server 7, based on assumptions that are no longer valid. One example he gave was a "slow disk" bias that may have been valid back in 1997 but certainly is not on modern disk systems. Essentially, the optimizer assesses the relative cost of serial versus parallel plans based on the assumption that there is no IO cost benefit from parallelization, only CPU. It assumes that a single request will saturate the IO channel, and so a query would not run any faster if we parallelized IO because the disk system simply wouldn’t be able to handle the extra pressure. As such, the optimizer often decides that a serial plan is lower cost, often in cases where a parallel plan would improve performance dramatically. It was challenging and thought provoking stuff, as were his techniques for driving parallelism through query logic based on subsets of rows that define the "grain" of the query. I highly recommend you catch the session if you missed it. I’m interested to hear though, when and how often people feel the force of the optimizer’s shortcomings. Barring mistakes, such as stale statistics, how often do you feel the Optimizer fails to find the plan you think it should, and what are the most common causes? Is it fighting to induce it toward parallelism? Combating unexpected plans, arising from table partitioning? Something altogether more prosaic? Cheers, Tony.

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  • Load dll's from Environment Variable Path from a service

    - by Paulo Manuel Santos
    We install Matlab Runtime on a machine, then we restart a .net windows service that invokes methods from the Matlab Runtime. The problem is that we receive TypeInitializationException errors until we restart windows. We think this happens because Environment Variables are not changed on services until restart and Matlab uses the %Path% variable to reference it's core DLL's. My question is, do you think I can change the %Path% variable so that Matlab will use it when referencing the core dll's for it's engine? Or is it possible to add a directory to the runtime DLL loading mechanism of .NET so that those Matlab core dll's would be referenced correctly without restarting the machine? Here is the exception we get System.TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'MatlabCalculation.Calculation' threw an exception. ---> System.TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility.MWMCR' threw an exception. ---> System.DllNotFoundException: Unable to load DLL 'mclmcrrt710.dll': Kan opgegeven module niet vinden. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x8007007E) at MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility.MWMCR.mclmcrInitialize() at MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility.MWMCR..cctor() --- End of inner exception stack trace --- at MatlabCalculation.Calculation..cctor() --- End of inner exception stack trace --- at MatlabCalculation.Calculation.Finalize() "Kan opgegeven module niet vinden" = "The specified module not found"

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  • Why does my data not pass into my view correctly?

    - by dmanexe
    I have a model, view and controller not interacting correctly, and I do not know where the error lies. First, the controller. According to the Code Igniter documentation, I'm passing variables correctly here. function view() { $html_head = array( 'title' => 'Estimate Management' ); $estimates = $this->Estimatemodel->get_estimates(); $this->load->view('html_head', $html_head); $this->load->view('estimates/view', $estimates); $this->load->view('html_foot'); } The model (short and sweet): function get_estimates() { $query = $this->db->get('estimates')->result(); return $query; } And finally the view, just to print the data for initial development purposes: <? print_r($estimates); ?> Now it's undefined when I navigate to this page. However, I know that $query is defined, because it works when I run the model code directly in the view.

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  • Cannot find symbol - variable

    - by Ben Garside
    I'm new to Java, and I'm trying to get user input, store each line of input as a variable and then return each value so that it can be passed on somewhere else. When I try and compile it is telling me that it can't find the variable magnitude. I'm assuming it won't find the others either. I'm guessing that this is because I've declare the variables inside of the "try" but don't know how to get it so that the return statement accepts them. Code is as follows: public Earthquake userAddEarthquake() { Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); try{ // convert the string read from the scanner into Integer type System.out.println("Please Enter An Earthquake Magnitude: "); Double magnitude = Double.parseDouble(scanner.nextLine()); System.out.println("Please Enter The Earthquakes Latitude Position: "); scanner = new Scanner(System.in); Double positionLatitude = Double.parseDouble(scanner.nextLine()); System.out.print("Please Enter The Earthquakes Longitude Position: "); scanner = new Scanner(System.in); Double positionLongitude = Double.parseDouble(scanner.nextLine()); System.out.print("Please Enter The Year That The Earthquake Occured: "); scanner = new Scanner(System.in); int year = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine()); System.out.println("Magnitude = " + magnitude); } catch(NumberFormatException ne){ System.out.println("Invalid Input"); } finally{ scanner.close(); } return new Earthquake(magnitude, positionLatitude, positionLongitude, year); }

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