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  • What is the evidence that an API has exceeded its orthogonality in the context of types?

    - by hawkeye
    Wikipedia defines software orthogonality as: orthogonality in a programming language means that a relatively small set of primitive constructs can be combined in a relatively small number of ways to build the control and data structures of the language. The term is most-frequently used regarding assembly instruction sets, as orthogonal instruction set. Jason Coffin has defined software orthogonality as Highly cohesive components that are loosely coupled to each other produce an orthogonal system. C.Ross has defined software orthogonality as: the property that means "Changing A does not change B". An example of an orthogonal system would be a radio, where changing the station does not change the volume and vice-versa. Now there is a hypothesis published in the the ACM Queue by Tim Bray - that some have called the Bánffy Bray Type System Criteria - which he summarises as: Static typings attractiveness is a direct function (and dynamic typings an inverse function) of API surface size. Dynamic typings attractiveness is a direct function (and static typings an inverse function) of unit testing workability. Now Stuart Halloway has reformulated Banfy Bray as: the more your APIs exceed orthogonality, the better you will like static typing My question is: What is the evidence that an API has exceeded its orthogonality in the context of types? Clarification Tim Bray introduces the idea of orthogonality and APIs. Where you have one API and it is mainly dealing with Strings (ie a web server serving requests and responses), then a uni-typed language (python, ruby) is 'aligned' to that API - because the the type system of these languages isn't sophisticated, but it doesn't matter since you're dealing with Strings anyway. He then moves on to Android programming, which has a whole bunch of sensor APIs, which are all 'different' to the web server API that he was working on previously. Because you're not just dealing with Strings, but with different types, the API is non-orthogonal. Tim's point is that there is a empirical relationship between your 'liking' of types and the API you're programming against. (ie a subjective point is actually objective depending on your context).

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  • To encryption=on or encryption=off a simple ZFS Crypto demo

    - by darrenm
    I've just been asked twice this week how I would demonstrate ZFS encryption really is encrypting the data on disk.  It needs to be really simple and the target isn't forensics or cryptanalysis just a quick demo to show the before and after. I usually do this small demo using a pool based on files so I can run strings(1) on the "disks" that make up the pool. The demo will work with real disks too but it will take a lot longer (how much longer depends on the size of your disks).  The file hamlet.txt is this one from gutenberg.org # mkfile 64m /tmp/pool1_file # zpool create clear_pool /tmp/pool1_file # cp hamlet.txt /clear_pool # grep -i hamlet /clear_pool/hamlet.txt | wc -l Note the number of times hamlet appears # zpool export clear_pool # strings /tmp/pool1_file | grep -i hamlet | wc -l Note the number of times hamlet appears on disk - it is 2 more because the file is called hamlet.txt and file names are in the clear as well and we keep at least two copies of metadata. Now lets encrypt the file systems in the pool. Note you MUST use a new pool file don't reuse the one from above. # mkfile 64m /tmp/pool2_file # zpool create -O encryption=on enc_pool /tmp/pool2_file Enter passphrase for 'enc_pool': Enter again: # cp hamlet.txt /enc_pool # grep -i hamlet /enc_pool/hamlet.txt | wc -l Note the number of times hamlet appears is the same as before # zpool export enc_pool # strings /tmp/pool2_file | grep -i hamlet | wc -l Note the word hamlet doesn't appear at all! As a said above this isn't indended as "proof" that ZFS does encryption properly just as a quick to do demo.

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  • Leveraging .Net 4.0 Framework Tools For Encrypting Web Configuration Sections

    - by Sam Abraham
    I would like to share a few points with regards to encrypting web configuration sections in .Net 4.0. This information is also applicable to .Net 3.5 and 2.0. Two methods can work perfectly for encrypting connection strings in a Web project configuration file:   1-Do It All Yourself! In this approach, helper functions for encrypting/decrypting configuration file content are implemented. Program would explicitly retrieve appropriate content from configuration file then decrypt it appropriately.  Disadvantages of this implementation would be the added overhead for maintaining the encryption/decryption code as well the burden of always ensuring sections are appropriately decrypted before use and encrypted appropriately whenever edited.   2- Leverage the .Net 4.0 Framework (The Way to go!) Fortunately, all needed tools for protecting configuration files are built-in to the .Net 2.0/3.5/4.0 versions with very little setup needed. To encrypt connection strings, one can use the ASP.Net IIS Registration Tool (Aspnet_regiis.exe). Note that a 64-bit version of the tool also exists under the Framework64 folder for 64-bit systems. The command we need to encrypt our web.config file connection strings is simply the following:   Aspnet_regiis –pe “connectionstrings” –app “/sampleApplication” –prov “RsaProtectedConfigurationProvider”   To later decrypt this configuration section:   Aspnet_regiis –pd “connectionstrings” –app “/SampleApplication”   The following is a brief description of the command line options used in the example above. Aspnet_regiis supports many more options which you can read about in the links provided for reference below.   Option Description -pe  Section name to encrypt -pd  Section name to decrypt -app  Web application name -prov  Encryption/Decryption provider   ASP.Net automatically decrypts the content of the Web.Config file at runtime so no programming changes are needed.   Another tool, aspnet_setreg.exe is to be used if certain configuration file sections pertinent to the .Net runtime are to be encrypted. For more information on when and how to use aspnet_setreg, please refer to the references below.   Hope this helps!   Some great references concerning the topic:   http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff650037.aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/zhhddkxy.aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dtkwfdky.aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/68ze1hb2.aspx

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  • How to handle URLs with diacritic characters

    - by user359650
    I am wondering how to handle URLs which correspond to strings containing diacritic (á, u, ´...). I believe what we're seeing mostly are URLs where diacritic characters where converted to their closest ASCII equivalent, for instance Rånades på Skyttis i Ö-vik converted to ranades-pa-skyttis-i-o-vik. However depending on the corresponding language, such conversion might be incorrect. For instance in German, ü should be converted to ue and not just u, as seen with the below URL representing the Bayern München string as bayern-muenchen: http://www.bundesliga.de/en/liga/clubs/fc-bayern-muenchen/index.php However what I've also noticed, is that browsers can render non-ASCII characters when they are percent-encoded in the URL, which is the approach Wikipedia has chosen, for instance http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/FC_Bayern_M%C3%BCnchen which is rendered as: Therefore I'm considering the following approach for creating URL slugs: -(1) convert strings while replacing non-ASCII characters to their recommended ASCII representation: Bayern München - bayern-muenchen -(2) also convert strings to percent encoding: Bayern München - bayern_m%C3%BCnchen -create a 301 redirect from version (1) to version (2) Version (1) URLs could be used for marketing purposes (e.g. mywebsite.com/bayern-muenchen) but the URLs that would end being displayed in the browser bar would be version (2) URLs (e.g. mywebsite.com/bayern-münchen). Can you foresee particular problems with this approach? (Wikipedia is not doing it and I wonder why, apart from the fact that they don't need to market their URLs)

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  • PerlRegEx vs RegularExpressionsCore Delphi Units

    - by Jan Goyvaerts
    The RegularExpressionsCore unit that is part of Delphi XE is based on the latest class-based PerlRegEx unit that I developed. Embarcadero only made a few changes to the unit. These changes are insignificant enough that code written for earlier versions of Delphi using the class-based PerlRegEx unit will work just the same with Delphi XE. The unit was renamed from PerlRegEx to RegularExpressionsCore. When migrating your code to Delphi XE, you can choose whether you want to use the new RegularExpressionsCore unit or continue using the PerlRegEx unit in your application. All you need to change is which unit you add to the uses clause in your own units. Indentation and line breaks in the code were changed to match the style used in the Delphi RTL and VCL code. This does not change the code, but makes it harder to diff the two units. Literal strings in the unit were separated into their own unit called RegularExpressionsConsts. These strings are only used for error messages that indicate bugs in your code. If your code uses TPerlRegEx correctly then the user should not see any of these strings. My code uses assertions to check for out of bounds parameters, while Embarcadero uses exceptions. Again, if you use TPerlRegEx correctly, you should never get any assertions or exceptions. The Compile method raises an exception if the regular expression is invalid in both my original TPerlRegEx component and Embarcadero’s version. If your code allows the user to provide the regular expression, you should explicitly call Compile and catch any exceptions it raises so you can tell the user there is a problem with the regular expression. Even with user-provided regular expressions, you shouldn’t get any other assertions or exceptions if your code is correct. Note that Embarcadero owns all the rights to their RegularExpressionsCore unit. Like all the other RTL and VCL units, this unit cannot be distributed by myself or anyone other than Embarcadero. I do retain the rights to my original PerlRegEx unit which I will continue to make available for those using older versions of Delphi.

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  • Generalise variable usage inside code

    - by Shirish11
    I would like to know if it is a good practice to generalize variables (use single variable to store all the values). Consider simple example Strings querycre,queryins,queryup,querydel; querycre = 'Create table XYZ ...'; execute querycre ; queryins = 'Insert into XYZ ...'; execute queryins ; queryup = 'Update XYZ set ...'; execute queryup; querydel = 'Delete from XYZ ...'; execute querydel ; and Strings query; query= 'Create table XYZ ... '; execute query ; query= 'Insert into XYZ ...'; execute query ; query= 'Update XYZ set ...'; execute query ; query= 'Delete from XYZ ...'; execute query ; In first case I use 4 strings each storing data to perform the actions mentioned in their suffixes. In second case just 1 variable to store all kinds the data. Having different variables makes it easier for someone else to read and understand it better. But having too many of them makes it difficult to manage. Also does having too many variables hamper my performance?

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  • jQuery "Autocomplete" plugin is messing up the order of my data

    - by Max Williams
    I'm using Jorn Zaefferer's Autocomplete plugin on a couple of different pages. In both instances, the order of displayed strings is a little bit messed up. Example 1: array of strings: basically they are in alphabetical order except for General Knowledge which has been pushed to the top: General Knowledge,Art and Design,Business Studies,Citizenship,Design and Technology,English,Geography,History,ICT,Mathematics,MFL French,MFL German,MFL Spanish,Music,Physical Education,PSHE,Religious Education,Science,Something Else Displayed strings: General Knowledge,Geography,Art and Design,Business Studies,Citizenship,Design and Technology,English,History,ICT,Mathematics,MFL French,MFL German,MFL Spanish,Music,Physical Education,PSHE,Religious Education,Science,Something Else Note that Geography has been pushed to be the second item, after General Knowledge. The rest are all fine. Example 2: array of strings: as above but with Cross-curricular instead of General Knowledge. Cross-curricular,Art and Design,Business Studies,Citizenship,Design and Technology,English,Geography,History,ICT,Mathematics,MFL French,MFL German,MFL Spanish,Music,Physical Education,PSHE,Religious Education,Science,Something Else Displayed strings: Cross-curricular,Citizenship,Art and Design,Business Studies,Design and Technology,English,Geography,History,ICT,Mathematics,MFL French,MFL German,MFL Spanish,Music,Physical Education,PSHE,Religious Education,Science,Something Else Here, Citizenship has been pushed to the number 2 position. I've experimented a little, and it seems like there's a bug saying "put things that start with the same letter as the first item after the first item and leave the rest alone". Kind of mystifying. I've tried a bit of debugging by triggering alerts inside the autocomplete plugin code but everywhere i can see, it's using the correct order. it seems to be just when its rendered out that it goes wrong. Any ideas anyone? max EDIT - reply to Clint Thanks for pointing me at the relevant bit of code btw. To make diagnosis simpler i changed the array of values to ["carrot", "apple", "cherry"], which autocomplete re-orders to ["carrot", "cherry", "apple"]. Here's the array that it generates for stMatchSets: stMatchSets = ({'':[#1={value:"carrot", data:["carrot"], result:"carrot"}, #3={value:"apple", data:["apple"], result:"apple"}, #2={value:"cherry", data:["cherry"], result:"cherry"}], c:[#1#, #2#], a:[#3#]}) So, it's collecting the first letters together into a map, which makes sense as a first-pass matching strategy. What i'd like it to do though, is to use the given array of values, rather than the map, when it comes to populating the displayed list. I can't quite get my head around what's going on with the cache inside the guts of the code (i'm not very experienced with javascript).

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  • fileToSTring keeps on returning " "

    - by karikari
    I managed to get this code to compile with out error. But somehow it did not return the strings that I wrote inside file1.txt and file.txt that I pass its path through str1 and str2. My objective is to use this open source library to measure the similarity between strings contains inside 2 text files. Inside the its Javadoc, its states that ... public static java.lang.StringBuffer fileToString(java.io.File f) private call to load a file and return its content as a string. Parameters: f - a file for which to load its content Returns: a string containing the files contents or "" if empty or not present Here's is my modified code trying to use the FileLoader function, but fails to return the strings inside the file. The end result keeps on returning me the "" . I do not know where is my fault: package uk.ac.shef.wit.simmetrics; import java.io.File; import uk.ac.shef.wit.simmetrics.similaritymetrics.*; import uk.ac.shef.wit.simmetrics.utils.*; public class SimpleExample { public static void main(final String[] args) { if(args.length != 2) { usage(); } else { String str1 = "arg[0]"; String str2 = "arg[1]"; File objFile1 = new File(str1); File objFile2 = new File(str2); FileLoader obj1 = new FileLoader(); FileLoader obj2 = new FileLoader(); str1 = obj1.fileToString(objFile1).toString(); str2 = obj2.fileToString(objFile2).toString(); System.out.println(str1); System.out.println(str2); AbstractStringMetric metric = new MongeElkan(); //this single line performs the similarity test float result = metric.getSimilarity(str1, str2); //outputs the results outputResult(result, metric, str1, str2); } } private static void outputResult(final float result, final AbstractStringMetric metric, final String str1, final String str2) { System.out.println("Using Metric " + metric.getShortDescriptionString() + " on strings \"" + str1 + "\" & \"" + str2 + "\" gives a similarity score of " + result); } private static void usage() { System.out.println("Performs a rudimentary string metric comparison from the arguments given.\n\tArgs:\n\t\t1) String1 to compare\n\t\t2)String2 to compare\n\n\tReturns:\n\t\tA standard output (command line of the similarity metric with the given test strings, for more details of this simple class please see the SimpleExample.java source file)"); } }

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  • Android ListView with SQLite

    - by soclose
    Hi I'd like to refresh the Listview items. These items are populated from SQLite database. My code is below public class Weeve extends Activity { private String[] lv_arr; protected ListView CView; private DBAdapter mDbHelper; public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); mDbHelper = new DBAdapter(this); mDbHelper.open(); Cursor c = mDbHelper.getAll(); if (c.getCount() > 0) {if (c.moveToFirst()) { ArrayList strings = new ArrayList(); do { String mC = c.getString(0); strings.add(mC); } while (c.moveToNext()); lv_arr = (String[]) strings.toArray(new String[strings.size()]); } } else Toast.makeText(this, "No more Records", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); c.close(); ListView CView = new ListView(this); CView.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, lv_arr)); setContentView(CView);}} I'd like to make refreshing this list view after adding, updating or deleting SQLite table. These operations are called by content or option menu. I tried to create these code into a separated function and call it after every operation. But can't. I think setContentView(CView) statement. I also tried to use SimpleCursorAdapter like notepad sample from Android.com. I got Thread error. Help me.

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  • HttpModule to Write Out JavaScript Script References to the Response

    - by Chris
    On my page in the Page_Load event I add a collection of strings to the Context object. I have an HttpModule that will fire EndRequest and retrieve the collection of strings. What I then do is write out a script reference tag (based on the collection of strings) to the response. The problem is that the page reads the script reference but doesn't retrieve the contents of the file (I imagine because this is occurring in the EndRequest event). I can't fire the BeginRequest event because I won't have access to the Context Items collection. I tried to also registering an HttpHandler which Processes the request of the script reference but I can't access the collection of strings in the Context.Items from there. Any suggestions? Page_Load: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { Context.Items.Add("ScriptFile", "/UserControls.js"); } HttpModule: public void OnEndRequest(Object s, EventArgs e) { HttpApplication app = s as HttpApplication; object script = app.Context.Items["ScriptFile"]; app.Response.Write("<script type='text/javascript' src='" + script + "'></script>"); }

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  • struts2 trim all string obtained from forms

    - by aelkin
    Hi All, I develop web application using struts2. I want to improve getting string from forms. For this need trim all string and if obtained string is empty then set null to field. For this, I created StringConverter. public class StringConverter extends StrutsTypeConverter { @Override public Object convertFromString(Map context, String[] strings, Class toClass) { if (strings == null || strings.length == 0) { return null; } String result = strings[0]; if (result == null) { return null; } result = result.trim(); if (result.isEmpty()) { return null; } return result; } @Override public String convertToString(Map context, Object object) { if (object != null && object instanceof String) { return object.toString(); } return null; } } Next, I added row to xwork-conversion.properties java.lang.String=com.mypackage.StringConverter Thats all. But I did not get the desired result. convertToString() method is called when jsp build form, but convertFromString() doesn't invoke. What I do wrong? How can I get the same behaviour using another way? Please, not offer solutions such as: remove the value of such form elements using javascript. create util method which will make it using reflection. Then call it for each form bean. Thanks in advance, Alexey.

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  • Delphi Unicode String Type Stored Directly at its Address (or "Unicode ShortString")

    - by Andreas Rejbrand
    I want a string type that is Unicode and that stores the string directly at the adress of the variable, as is the case of the (Ansi-only) ShortString type. I mean, if I declare a S: ShortString and let S := 'My String', then, at @S, I will find the length of the string (as one byte, so the string cannot contain more than 255 characters) followed by the ANSI-encoded string itself. What I would like is a Unicode variant of this. That is, I want a string type such that, at @S, I will find a unsigned 32-bit integer (or a single byte would be enough, actually) containing the length of the string in bytes (or in characters, which is half the number of bytes) followed by the Unicode representation of the string. I have tried WideString, UnicodeString, and RawByteString, but they all appear only to store an adress at @S, and the actual string somewhere else (I guess this has do do with reference counting and such). Update: The most important reason for this is probably that it would be very problematic if sizeof(string) were variable. I suspect that there is no built-in type to use, and that I have to come up with my own way of storing text the way I want (which actually is fun). Am I right? Update I will, among other things, need to use these strings in packed records. I also need manually to read/write these strings to files/the heap. I could live with fixed-size strings, such as <= 128 characters, and I could redesign the problem so it will work with null-terminated strings. But PChar will not work, for sizeof(PChar) = 1 - it's merely an address. The approach I eventually settled for was to use a static array of bytes. I will post my implementation as a solution later today.

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  • Asp.net renders string with wrong encoding, but PHP doesn't (MySQL)

    - by citronas
    I took over some old php application with MySQL as database. Inside the database, there are tables including content with localized strings (therefore containing special chars) Currently there is a PHP application accessing that database. My job is to create an ASP.net (C# codebehind) application that accesses that strings as well. That works, as far as encoding goes. If I try to access these strings, I do get a kind of encoding problem, like 'Ändern' and 'Prüfzeichen', but only in the ASP.net application. The PHP app sets utf-8 as charset and the strings are perfectly rendered. In the ASP.net application it's gibberish, regardless of the page encoding. In the MySQL database, the charset for the specified table 'translations' is set to 'latin --cp1252 West European' and collation to 'latin_swedish_ci'. I can't seem to figure out what PHP apparently does, and ASP.net does not. I traced the php code and could not find any sign of special encoding while getting a string from the database. The question is, how can I ensure correct encoding inside the ASP.net application without modifying the database, because big changes at the php code are not possible? Does anybody have a clue?

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  • How to send parameters with same encoding from javascript?

    - by nimcap
    I have a javascript file that lots of people have embedded to their pages. Since I am hosting the file, I have control over that javascript file; I cannot control the way it is embedded because lots of people is using it already. This javascript file sends GET requests to my servlets, and the parameters passed with the request are recorded to DB. For example, javascript sends a request to http://myserver.com/servlet?p1=123&p2=aString and then servlet records 123 and aString to DB somehow. Before sending strings I use encodeURIComponent() to encode it. But what I figured out is every client sends the same string with different encodings depending on either their browser or the site they are visiting. As a result, same strings are represented with different characters when it reaches servlet (so they are different strings). What I am trying to do is to convert the strings to one kind of encoding from javascript so when they reach the client same words are represented with same characters. How is this possible? PS. If there is a way to convert the encoding from Java it is also applicable.

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  • what are all the Optimize tricks that you know for asp.net code ?

    - by Aristos
    After some time of many code programming on asp.net, I discover the very big speed different between string and StringBuilder. I know that is very common and known but I just mention it for start. The second think that I have found to speed up the code, is to use the const, and not the static, for declare my configuration constants value (especial the strings). With the const, the compiler not create new object, but just place the value, on the point that you have ask it, but with the static declaration, is create a new memory object and keep its on the memory. My third trick, is when I search for string, I use hash values, and not the string itself. For example, if I need a List<string SomeValues, and place inside strings that I need to search them, I prefer to use List<int SomeHashValue, and I use the hash value to locate the strings. My forth thought that I was wandering, is if is better to place big strings in one line, or separate them in different lines with the + symbol to be more easy to read out. I make some tests and see that the compiler make a good job is some split the string, in many lines, using the + symbol. What other tricks/tips do you know and use on your programming to make it run faster, and maybe use less memory. Well I know, that some times, to make something run faster, you need more memory, more cache. My priority is on speed. Because Speed Counts.

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  • iPhone Localization: simple project not working

    - by gonso
    Hello Im doing my first localized project and I've been fighting with it for several hours with no luck. I have to create an app that, based on the user selection, shows texts and images in different languages. I've read most of Apple's documents on the matter but I cant make a simple example work. This are my steps so far: 1) Create a new project. 2) Manually create a "en.lproj" directory in the projects folder. 3) Using TexEdit create file called "Localizable.strings" and store it in Unicode UTF-16. The file looks like this: /* Localizable.strings Multilanguage02 Created by Gonzalo Floria on 5/6/10. Copyright 2010 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. */ "Hello" = "Hi"; "Goodbye" = "Bye"; 4) I drag this file to the Resources Folder on XCode and it appear with the "subdir" "en" underneath it (with the dropdown triangle to the left). If I try to see it on XCode it looks all wrong, whit lots of ? symbols, but Im guessing thats because its a UTF-16 file. Right? 5) Now on my view did load I can access this strings like this: NSString *translated; translated = NSLocalizedString(@"Hello", @"User greetings"); NSLog(@"Translated text is %@",translated); My problem is allowing the user to switch language. I have create an es.lproj with the Localizable.strings file (in Spanish), but I CANT access it. I've tried this line: [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject: [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"es", nil] forKey:@"AppleLanguages"]; But that only works the NEXT time you load the application. Is there no way to allow the user to switch languages while running the application?? Do I have to implement my own Dictionary files and forget all about NSLocalizableString family? Thanks for ANY advice or pointers. Gonso

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  • Binding a ListBox's SelectedItem in the presence of BindingNavigator

    - by Reinderien
    Hello. I'm trying to bind a ListBox's SelectedItem data to a property. The following code is an example: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace BindingFailure { static class Program { class OuterObject { public string selected { get; set; } public List<string> strings { get; set; } } public static void Main() { List<OuterObject> objs = new List<OuterObject>() { new OuterObject(), new OuterObject() }; objs[0].strings = new List<string> { "one", "two", "three" }; objs[1].strings = new List<string> { "four", "five", "six" }; Form form = new Form(); BindingSource obs = new BindingSource(objs, null), ibs = new BindingSource(obs, "strings"); BindingNavigator nav = new BindingNavigator(obs); ListBox lbox = new ListBox(); lbox.DataSource = ibs; lbox.DataBindings.Add(new Binding("SelectedItem", obs, "selected")); form.Controls.Add(nav); form.Controls.Add(lbox); lbox.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(30, 30); Application.Run(form); } } } If you just select an item, move forward, select an item and then exit, it works as expected. But if you switch back and forth between the two outer objects with the navigator, the selected item seems to be overwritten with an incorrect value. Ideas on how to fix this? Thanks in advance.

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  • Getting a "for each" loop in Java to run in different order everytime

    - by R Stokes
    Hi, Basically my problem is that I'm trying to write a method that finds a random path in a graph of strings, which takes as it's parameters a start string, an integer length and a Vector of strings that will store the path. I'm attempting to do this by first adding the starting string to our blank vector, recursing through its neighbors until the vector's length (not including the start node) is the same as the integer length specified in the parameters. I've provided my code so far here: public Vector<String> findRandomPathFrom(String n, int len, Vector<String> randomPath){ randomPath.add(n); if (randomPath.size() == len + 1) return randomPath; for (String m : this.neighbours(n)){ if (!randomPath.contains(m) && findRandomPathFrom(m, len, randomPath) != null) return randomPath; } path.setSize(path.size() - 1); return null; } It seems to be working fine, returning a path with exactly the number of strings specified after the given start string. However, for any given starting string it generates the EXACT same path everytime, which kind of defeats the purpose of it being a random path generator. I'm guessing this problem is related to my "for each" loop, which loops through all the neighbouring strings of your current string. It seems to just be going with the first string in the neighbours vector every single time. Can anyone help me fix this problem so that it will choose a random neighbour instead of going in order? tl;dr - Any way of getting a "for each" loop in java to process a collection in a random order as oppoosed to start-to-finsih? Thanks in advance

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  • How to speed-up a simple method? (possibily without changing interfaces or data structures)

    - by baol
    Hello. I have some data structures: all_unordered_mordered_m is a big vector containing all the strings I need (all different) ordered_m is a small vector containing the indexes of a subset of the strings (all different) in the former vector position_m maps the indexes of objects from the first vector to their position in the second one. The string_after(index, reverse) method returns the string referenced by ordered_m after all_unordered_m[index]. ordered_m is considered circular, and is explored in natural or reverse order depending on the second parameter. The code is something like the following: struct ordered_subset { // [...] std::vector<std::string>& all_unordered_m; // size = n >> 1 std::vector<size_t> ordered_m; // size << n std::map<size_t, size_t> position_m; // positions of strings in ordered_m const std::string& string_after(size_t index, bool reverse) const { size_t pos = position_m.find(index)->second; if(reverse) pos = (pos == 0 ? orderd_m.size() - 1 : pos - 1); else pos = (pos == ordered.size() - 1 ? 0 : pos + 1); return all_unordered_m[ordered_m[pos]]; } }; Given that: I do need all of the data-structures for other purposes; I cannot change them because I need to access the strings: by their id in the all_unordered_m; by their index inside the various ordered_m; I need to know the position of a string (identified by it's position in the first vector) inside ordered_m vector; I cannot change the string_after interface without changing most of the program. How can I speed up the string_after method that is called billions of times and is eating up about 10% of the execution time?

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  • Optimizing a "set in a string list" to a "set as a matrix" operation

    - by Eric Fournier
    I have a set of strings which contain space-separated elements. I want to build a matrix which will tell me which elements were part of which strings. For example: "" "A B C" "D" "B D" Should give something like: A B C D 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 4 1 1 Now I've got a solution, but it runs slow as molasse, and I've run out of ideas on how to make it faster: reverseIn <- function(vector, value) { return(value %in% vector) } buildCategoryMatrix <- function(valueVector) { allClasses <- c() for(classVec in unique(valueVector)) { allClasses <- unique(c(allClasses, strsplit(classVec, " ", fixed=TRUE)[[1]])) } resMatrix <- matrix(ncol=0, nrow=length(valueVector)) splitValues <- strsplit(valueVector, " ", fixed=TRUE) for(cat in allClasses) { if(cat=="") { catIsPart <- (valueVector == "") } else { catIsPart <- sapply(splitValues, reverseIn, cat) } resMatrix <- cbind(resMatrix, catIsPart) } colnames(resMatrix) <- allClasses return(resMatrix) } Profiling the function gives me this: $by.self self.time self.pct total.time total.pct "match" 31.20 34.74 31.24 34.79 "FUN" 30.26 33.70 74.30 82.74 "lapply" 13.56 15.10 87.86 97.84 "%in%" 12.92 14.39 44.10 49.11 So my actual questions would be: - Where are the 33% spent in "FUN" coming from? - Would there be any way to speed up the %in% call? I tried turning the strings into factors prior to going into the loop so that I'd be matching numbers instead of strings, but that actually makes R crash. I've also tried going for partial matrix assignment (IE, resMatrix[i,x] <- 1) where i is the number of the string and x is the vector of factors. No dice there either, as it seems to keep on running infinitely.

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  • Optimizing near-duplicate value search

    - by GApple
    I'm trying to find near duplicate values in a set of fields in order to allow an administrator to clean them up. There are two criteria that I am matching on One string is wholly contained within the other, and is at least 1/4 of its length The strings have an edit distance less than 5% of the total length of the two strings The Pseudo-PHP code: foreach($values as $value){ foreach($values as $match){ if( ( $value['length'] < $match['length'] && $value['length'] * 4 > $match['length'] && stripos($match['value'], $value['value']) !== false ) || ( $match['length'] < $value['length'] && $match['length'] * 4 > $value['length'] && stripos($value['value'], $match['value']) !== false ) || ( abs($value['length'] - $match['length']) * 20 < ($value['length'] + $match['length']) && 0 < ($match['changes'] = levenshtein($value['value'], $match['value'])) && $match['changes'] * 20 <= ($value['length'] + $match['length']) ) ){ $matches[] = &$match; } } } I've tried to reduce calls to the comparatively expensive stripos and levenshtein functions where possible, which has reduced the execution time quite a bit. However, as an O(n^2) operation this just doesn't scale to the larger sets of values and it seems that a significant amount of the processing time is spent simply iterating through the arrays. Some properties of a few sets of values being operated on Total | Strings | # of matches per string | | Strings | With Matches | Average | Median | Max | Time (s) | --------+--------------+---------+--------+------+----------+ 844 | 413 | 1.8 | 1 | 58 | 140 | 593 | 156 | 1.2 | 1 | 5 | 62 | 272 | 168 | 3.2 | 2 | 26 | 10 | 157 | 47 | 1.5 | 1 | 4 | 3.2 | 106 | 48 | 1.8 | 1 | 8 | 1.3 | 62 | 47 | 2.9 | 2 | 16 | 0.4 | Are there any other things I can do to reduce the time to check criteria, and more importantly are there any ways for me to reduce the number of criteria checks required (for example, by pre-processing the input values), since there is such low selectivity?

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  • Translating Your Customizations

    - by Richard Bingham
    This blog post explains the basics of translating the customizations you can make to Fusion Applications products, with the inclusion of information for both composer-based customizations and the generic design-time customizations done via JDeveloper. Introduction Like most Oracle Applications, Fusion Applications installs on-premise with a US-English base language that is, in Release 7, supported by the option to add up to a total of 22 additional language packs (In Oracle Cloud production environments languages are pre-installed already). As such many organizations offer their users the option of working with their local language, and logically that should also apply for any customizations as well. Composer-based UI Customizations Customizations made in Page Composer take into consideration the session LOCALE, as set in the user preferences screen, during all customization work, and stores the customization in the MDS repository accordingly. As such the actual new or changed values used will only apply for the same language under which the customization was made, and text for any other languages requires a separate upload. See the Resource Bundles section below, which incidentally also applies to custom UI changes done in JDeveloper. You may have noticed this when you select the “Select Text Resource” menu option when editing the text on a page. Using this ensures that the resource bundles are used, whereas if you define a static value in Expression Builder it will never be available for translation. Notice in the screenshot below the “What’s New” custom value I have already defined using the ‘Select Text Resource’ feature is internally using the adfBundle groovy function to pull the custom value for my key (RT_S_1) from the ComposerOverrideBundle. Figure 1 – Page Composer showing the override bundle being used. Business Objects Customizing the Business Objects available in the Applications Composer tool for the CRM products, such as adding additional fields, also operates using the session language. Translating these additional values for these fields into other installed languages requires loading additional resource bundles, again as described below. Reports and Analytics Most customizations to Reports and BI Analytics are just essentially reorganizations and visualizations of existing number and text data from the system, and as such will use the appropriate values based on the users session language. Where a translated value or string exists for that session language, it will be used without the need for additional work. Extending through the addition of brand new reports and analytics requires another method of loading the translated strings, as part of what is known as ‘Localizing’ the BI Catalog and Metadata. This time it is via an export/import of XML data through the BI Administrators console, and is described in the OBIEE Admin Guide. Fusion Applications reports based on BI Publisher are already defined in template-per-locale, and in addition provide an extra process for getting the data for translation and reloading. This again uses the standard resource bundle format. Loading a custom report is illustrated in this video from our YouTube channel which shows the screen for both setting the template local and running an export for translation. Fusion Applications Menus Whilst the seeded Navigator and Global Menu values are fully translated when the additional language is installed, if they are customized then the change or new menu item will apply universally, not currently per language. This is set to change in a future release with the new UI Text Editor feature described below. More on Resource Bundles As mentioned above, to provide translations for most of your customizations you need to add values to a resource bundle. This is an industry open standard (OASIS) format XML file with the extension .xliff, and store translated values for the strings used by ADF at run-time. The general process is that these values are exported from the MDS repository, manually edited, and then imported back in again.This needs to be done by an administrator, via either WLST commands or through Enterprise Manager as per the screenshot below. This is detailed out in the Fusion Applications Extensibility Guide. For SaaS environments the Cloud Operations team can assist. Figure 2 – Enterprise Manager’s MDS export used getting resource bundles for manual translation and re-imported on the same screen. All customized strings are stored in an override bundle (xliff file) for each locale, suffixed with the language initials, with English ones being saved to the default. As such each language bundle can be easily identified and updated. Similarly if you used JDeveloper to create your own applications as extensions to Fusion Applications you would use the native support for resource bundles, and add them into the faces-config.xml file for inclusion in your application. An example is this ADF customization video from our YouTube channel. JDeveloper also supports automatic synchronization between your underlying resource bundles and any translatable strings you add – very handy. For more information see chapters on “Using Automatic Resource Bundle Integration in JDeveloper” and “Manually Defining Resource Bundles and Locales” in the Oracle Fusion Middleware Web User Interface Developer’s Guide for Oracle Application Development Framework. FND Messages and Look-ups FND Messages, as defined here, are not used for UI labels (they are known as ‘strings’), but are the responses back to users as a result of an action, such as from a page submit. Each ‘message’ is defined and stored in the related database table (FND_MESSAGES_B), with another (FND_MESSAGES_TL) holding any language-specific values. These come seeded with the additional language installs, however if you customize the messages via the “Manage Messages” task in Functional Setup Manager, or add new ones, then currently (in Release 7) you’ll need to repeat it for each language. Figure 3 – An FND Message defined in an English user session. Similarly Look-ups are stored in a translation table (FND_LOOKUP_VALUES_TL) where appropriate, and can be customized by setting the users session language and making the change  in the Setup and Maintenance task entitled “Manage [Standard|Common] Look-ups”. Online Help Yes, in fact all the seeded help is applied as part of each language pack install as part of the post-install provisioning process. If you are editing or adding custom online help then the Create Help screen provides a drop-down of which language your help customization will apply to. This is shown in the video below from our YouTube channel, and obviously you’ll need to it for each language in use. What is Coming for Translations? Currently planned for Release 8 is something called the User Interface (UI) Text Editor. This tool will allow the editing of all the text shown on the pages and forms of Fusion Application. This will provide a search based on a particular term or word, say “Worker”, and will allow it to be adjusted, say to “Employee”, which then updates all the Resource Bundles that contain it. In the case of multi-language environments, it will use the users session language (locale) to know which Resource Bundles to apply the change to. This capability will also support customization sandboxes, to help ensure changes can be tested and approved.  It is also interesting to note that the design currently allows any page-specific customizations done using Page Composer or Application Composer to over-write the global changes done via the UI Text Editor, allowing for special context-sensitive values to still be used. Further Reading and Resources The following short list provides the mains resources for digging into more detail on translation support for both Composer and JDeveloper customization projects. There is a dedicated chapter entitled “Translating Custom Text” in the Fusion Applications Extensibility Guide. This has good examples and steps for many tasks, especially administering resource bundles. Using localization formatting (numbers, dates etc) for design-time changes is well documented in the Fusion Applications Developer Guide. For more guidelines on general design-time globalization, see either the ‘Internationalizing and Localizing Pages’ chapter in the Oracle Fusion Middleware Web User Interface Developer’s Guide for Oracle Application Development Framework (Oracle Fusion Applications Edition) or the general Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide. The Oracle Architecture ‘A-Team’ provided a recent post on customizing the user session timeout popup, using design-time changes to resource bundles. It has detailed step-by-step examples which can be a useful illustration.

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  • $PATH is not updated

    - by matr0sk1n
    It seems all about this was already discussed, but I can't resolve my problem. I have all necessary strings in /etc/paths /usr/bin /bin /usr/sbin /sbin /usr/local/bin in ~/.bash_profile export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.rvm/bin export PATH="$(brew --prefix php54)/bin:$PATH" export PATH="$(brew --prefix)/bin:$PATH" But every time I execute echo $PATH in terminal, I get only /usr/local/bin if I put .bash_profile strings to .profile or .bashrc I have no effect.

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  • joining text files with 600M+ lines

    - by dnkb
    I have two files huge.txt and small.txt. Huge has around 600M rows and it's 14Gigs, each line has four space separated words (tokens) and finally another space separated column with a number. Small has 150K rows with a size of ~3M, a space separated word and a number. Both Files are sorted using the sort command, with no extra options. The words in both files may include apostrophes (') and dashes (-). The deisred output would contain all columns from the huge.txt and the second column (the number) from small txt where the first word of huge.txt and the first word of small.txt match. My attemtpts below failed miserably with the following error: cat huge.txt|join -o 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.2 - small.txt > output.txt join: memory exhausted What I suspect is that the sorting order isn't right somehow even though the files are pre-sorted using: sort -k1 huge.unsorted.txt > huge.txt sort -k1 small.unsorted.txt > small.txt Problems seem to appear around words that have apostrophes (') or dashes (-). I also tried dictinoary sorting using the -d option bumping into the same error at the end. I see two ways out of this but don't know how to implement any of them. 1) Any tips how to sort the files in a way that the join command considers them to be sorted properly? 2) I was thinking of calculating MD5 or some other hashes of the strings to get rid of the apostrophes and dashes, and do the sorting and joining with the hashes instead of the strings themselves an dat the "translate" back the hashes to strings, but leave the numbers intact at the end of the lines. Since there would be only 150K hashes it's not that bad. What would be a good way to calculate individual hashes for each of the strings? Some AWK magic? See file samples at the end. Thank you! sample of huge.txt had stirred me to 46 had stirred my corruption 57 had stirred old emotions 55 had stirred something in 69 had stirred something within 40 sample of small.txt caley 114881 calf 2757974 calfed 137861 calfee 71143 calflora 154624 calfskin 148347 calgary 9416465 calgon's 94846

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