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• Per-machine decentralised DNS caching - nscd/lwresd/etc

  - by Dan Carley

  Preface: We have caching resolvers at each of our geographic network locations. These are clustered for resiliency and their locality reduces the latency of internal requests generated by our servers. This works well. Except that a vast quantity of the requests seen over the wire are lookups for the same records, generated by applications which don't perform any DNS caching of their own. Questions: Is there a significant benefit to running lightweight caching daemons on the individual servers in order to reduce repeated requests from hitting the network? Does anyone have experience of using [u]nscd, lwresd or dnscache to do such a thing? Are there any other packages worth looking at? Any caveats to beware of? Besides the obvious, caching and negative caching stale results.

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• Multiple ServerRoot directives in single apache

  - by fip

  i came across a apache httpd 2.2 configuration recently in which multiple ServerRoot-directives were defined, each followed by individual prefork Settings. Sort of like this: ServerRoot root1 <IfModule prefork.c> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> [vhost-configs] ServerRoot root2 <IfModule prefork.c> StartServers 10 MinSpareServers 10 MaxSpareServers 20 MaxClients 250 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> [vhost-configs] In my understanding these are global settings one overriding the other. But is that true and is it still true with the second ServerRoot directive between the prefork blocks? Thank you in advance EDIT They are not in different conditional blocks and both server roots are used in that way that files with relative paths to both are correctly included. I just wondered if a <ServerRoot> would initiate a new scope in which all global statements would not override the configuration of previous ones.

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• Wildcard SSL Certificates with Exchange 2010?

  - by Hutch

  Is anyone using a Wildcard Cert with Exchange 2010 please? We currently have a bunch of individual whatever.domain.com SSL certificates and as several are expiring soon it would be an ideal opportunity to move to a wildcard certificate. At some point though we will be moving from Exchange 2003 to Exchange 2010, and I've read conflicting reports over whether wildcard certs work with Exchange 2010 as many guides seem to recommend a UCC/SAN certificate. Our internal DNS domain name is the same as our external domain name. Godaddy look like good VFM given they allow use on unlimited physical servers. Thanks in advance.

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• Independent SharePoint Trainer in DC ~ I conduct, teacher-led SHAREPOINT user training anywhere ~

  - by technical-trainer-pro

  Your options: "*interactive" hands-on VIRTUAL or CLASSROOM style training to all SharePoint Users & Site Admin owners.* I also develop customized classes tailored to the specific design of any SharePoint Site - acting as the translator for those left to understand and use it, on an everyday basis. Audience: users,clients,stakeholders,trainers Areas: functionality,operations,management, user site customization,ITIL training, governance process,change mangement and industry or client specific scenerios. INDIVIDUAL RATE- $300 to join any class *(1)* GROUP RATE - $1500 for a private group of (6-10) Flexible Scheduling contact me : [email protected] Local to DC/MD/VA ---can train hands-on anywhere~

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• Mapping of memory addresses to physical modules in Windows XP

  - by Josef Grahn

  I plan to run 32-bit Windows XP on a workstation with dual processors, based on Intel's Nehalem microarchitecture, and triple channel RAM. Even though XP is limited to 4 GB of RAM, my understanding is that it will function with more than 4 GB installed, but will only expose 4 GB (or slightly less). My question is: Assuming that 6 GB of RAM is installed in six 1 GB modules, which physical 4 GB will Windows actually map into its address space? In particular: Will it use all six 1 GB modules, taking advantage of all memory channels? (My guess is yes, and that the mapping to individual modules within a group happens in hardware.) Will it map 2 GB of address space to each of the two NUMA nodes (as each processor has it's own memory interface), or will one processor get fast access to 3 GB of RAM, while the other only has 1 GB? Thanks!

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• Straight cable or cross over cable?

  - by om sai

  I have pppoe internet connection. My ISP provides connections like this: ISP->media converter(fiber)->8 port switch(TP Link TL-SF1008D)->to individual internet connection account holders (like me) Now the connection between the media converter and the switch is done using 4 pair cross over cat5 cable and I would like to connect the cable running from the switch to the router and through router to my PC. So what type of cable should I use to make the connection between the switch and the router (straight thru cable or cross over cable)? The point I am trying to make is I am able to connect to the internet using straight through cable between the switch and my PC but when I connect the same cable between the switch and the router and from router to my PC I am not able to connect to the internet. Also, if I am using the 2 pair cable (instead of 4) between the switch and the router I am able to connect to the internet but same is not true in case of 4 pair cat5 cable.

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• Chaining CSS classes in IE6 - Trying to find a jQuery solution?

  - by Mike Baxter

  Right, perhaps I ask the impossible? I consider myself fairly new to Javscript and jQuery, but that being said, I have written some fairly complex code recently so I am definitely getting there... however I am now possed with a rather interesting issue at my current freelance contract. The previous web coder has taken a Grid-960 approach to the HTML and as a result has used chained classes to style many of the elements. The example below is typical of what can be found in the code: <div class='blocks four-col-1 orange highlight'>Some content</div> And in the css there will be different declarations for: (not actual css... but close enough) .blocks {margin-right:10px;} .orange {background-image:url(someimage.jpg);} .highlight {font-weight:bold;} .four-col-1 {width:300px;} and to make matters worse... this is in the CSS: .blocks.orange.highlight {background-colour:#dd00ff;} Anyone not familiar with this particular bug can read more on it here: http://www.ryanbrill.com/archives/multiple-classes-in-ie/ it is very real and very annoying. Without wanting to go into the merrits of not chaining classes (I told them this, but it is no longer feasible to change their approach... 100 hand coded pages into a 150 page website, no CMS... sigh) and without the luxury of being able to change the way these blocks are styled... can anyone advise me on the complexity and benefits between any of my below proposed approaches or possible other options that would adequately solve this problem. Potential Solution 1 Using conditional comments I am considering loading a jquery script only for IE6 that: Reads the class of all divs in a certain section of the page and pushes to an array creates empty boxes off screen with only one of the classes applied at a time Reads the applied CSS values for each box Re-applies these styles to the individual box, somehow bearing in mind the order in which they are called and overwriting conflicting instructions as required Potential Solution 2 read the class of all divs in a certain section of the page and push to an array Scan the document for links to style sheets Ajax grab the stylesheets and traverse looking for matching names to those in class array Apply styles as needed Potential Solution 3 Create an IE6 only stylesheet containing the exact style to be applied as a unique name (ie: class='blocks orange highlight' becomes class='blocks-orange-highlight') Traverse the document in IE6 and convert all spaces in class declarations to hyphens and reapply classes based on new style name Summary: Solution 1 allows the people at this company to apply any styles in the future and the script will adjust as needed. However it does not allow for the chained style to be added, only the individual style... it is also processor intensive and time consuming, but also the most likely to be converted into a plugin that could be used the world over Solution 2 is a potential nightmare to code. But again will allow for an endless number of updates without breaking Solution 3 will require someone at the companty to hardcode the new styles every time they make a change, and if they don't, IE6 will break. Ironically the site, whilst needing to conform to IE6 in a limited manner, does not need to run wihtout javascript (they've made the call... have JS or go away), so consider all jQuery and JS solutions to be 'game on'. Did I mention how much i hate IE6? Anyway... any thoughts or comments would be appreciated. I will continue to develop my own solution and if I discover one that can be turned into a jQuery plugin I will post it here in the comments. Regards, Mike.

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• python: what are efficient techniques to deal with deeply nested data in a flexible manner?

  - by AlexandreS

  My question is not about a specific code snippet but more general, so please bear with me: How should I organize the data I'm analyzing, and which tools should I use to manage it? I'm using python and numpy to analyse data. Because the python documentation indicates that dictionaries are very optimized in python, and also due to the fact that the data itself is very structured, I stored it in a deeply nested dictionary. Here is a skeleton of the dictionary: the position in the hierarchy defines the nature of the element, and each new line defines the contents of a key in the precedent level: [AS091209M02] [AS091209M01] [AS090901M06] ... [100113] [100211] [100128] [100121] [R16] [R17] [R03] [R15] [R05] [R04] [R07] ... [1263399103] ... [ImageSize] [FilePath] [Trials] [Depth] [Frames] [Responses] ... [N01] [N04] ... [Sequential] [Randomized] [Ch1] [Ch2] Edit: To explain a bit better my data set: [individual] ex: [AS091209M02] [imaging session (date string)] ex: [100113] [Region imaged] ex: [R16] [timestamp of file] ex [1263399103] [properties of file] ex: [Responses] [regions of interest in image ] ex [N01] [format of data] ex [Sequential] [channel of acquisition: this key indexes an array of values] ex [Ch1] The type of operations I perform is for instance to compute properties of the arrays (listed under Ch1, Ch2), pick up arrays to make a new collection, for instance analyze responses of N01 from region 16 (R16) of a given individual at different time points, etc. This structure works well for me and is very fast, as promised. I can analyze the full data set pretty quickly (and the dictionary is far too small to fill up my computer's ram : half a gig). My problem comes from the cumbersome manner in which I need to program the operations of the dictionary. I often have stretches of code that go like this: for mk in dic.keys(): for rgk in dic[mk].keys(): for nk in dic[mk][rgk].keys(): for ik in dic[mk][rgk][nk].keys(): for ek in dic[mk][rgk][nk][ik].keys(): #do something which is ugly, cumbersome, non reusable, and brittle (need to recode it for any variant of the dictionary). I tried using recursive functions, but apart from the simplest applications, I ran into some very nasty bugs and bizarre behaviors that caused a big waste of time (it does not help that I don't manage to debug with pdb in ipython when I'm dealing with deeply nested recursive functions). In the end the only recursive function I use regularly is the following: def dicExplorer(dic, depth = -1, stp = 0): '''prints the hierarchy of a dictionary. if depth not specified, will explore all the dictionary ''' if depth - stp == 0: return try : list_keys = dic.keys() except AttributeError: return stp += 1 for key in list_keys: else: print '+%s> [\'%s\']' %(stp * '---', key) dicExplorer(dic[key], depth, stp) I know I'm doing this wrong, because my code is long, noodly and non-reusable. I need to either use better techniques to flexibly manipulate the dictionaries, or to put the data in some database format (sqlite?). My problem is that since I'm (badly) self-taught in regards to programming, I lack practical experience and background knowledge to appreciate the options available. I'm ready to learn new tools (SQL, object oriented programming), whatever it takes to get the job done, but I am reluctant to invest my time and efforts into something that will be a dead end for my needs. So what are your suggestions to tackle this issue, and be able to code my tools in a more brief, flexible and re-usable manner?

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• Mutli-processor workstation as a workstation/server

  - by posdef

  I work in a research institute and a number of programs we use are computationally intensive (I actually wrote one of them). Right now we have one computer that is dedicated for one of these programs (with local accounts only, as in users physically sitting in front of that pc) and the other programs are run on individual workstations assigned to people. I have been looking around to common brands such as Dell and HP, for a some sort of a small/medium scale server, which can be used as a workhorse by sending tasks remotely. It appears as if there is nothing in between workstations with one 6-core processor and a bunch of extras (like fancy graphics etc) and rack mount servers with ridiculous amount of RAM and HDD expansion capabilities but still relatively little number of processors/cores. I wonder if what I am looking for is such a small niche product? Are there other solutions that I might not be aware of? Does anyone know of a multi proc- multi-core workstation/server that is still within the reasonable

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• Java sound doesn't work under Linux

  - by Cliff

  Help! I'm getting frustrated by the individual hoops I have to go through to eek sound out of my speakers when running Java apps on Linux platforms! I just installed Fedora 12 and after downloading and running the Java Sound Demo I get exceptions. If I run just a vanilla Java program that plays a wav file it runs silently with no sound and no exceptions. Every other app seems to play sound. I also took some advice from this thread in the Ubuntu forums which almost seemed to work. (Installing aoss got rid of the initial exceptions in the sound demo but I still hear nothing when I play.) can somebody help me figure out what's wrong?

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• ubuntu server slowly filling up

  - by Crash893

  We had our samba server (ubuntu 8.04 ltr) share fill up the other day but when I went to look at it I cant see any of the shares have to much on them we have 5 group shares and then each users has an individual share one users has 22gigs of stuff a few others have 10-20mb of stuff and everyone else is empty so maybe like 26gigs total I deleted a few files yesterday and freed up about 250mb of space today when i checked it it was completely full again and i deleted some older files and freed up about 170mb of stuff but i can watch it slowly creep down in free space. I keep running a df -h Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 241690180 229340500 169200 100% / varrun 257632 260 257372 1% /var/run varlock 257632 0 257632 0% /var/lock udev 257632 72 257560 1% /dev devshm 257632 52 257580 1% /dev/shm lrm 257632 40000 217632 16% /lib/modules/2.6.24-28-generic /volatile what can I do to try to hunt down whats taking up so much of my hdd? (im fairly new to unix in general so i apologize if this is not well explained)

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• ubuntu server slowly filling up

  - by Crash893

  We had our samba server (ubuntu 8.04 ltr) share fill up the other day but when I went to look at it I cant see any of the shares have to much on them we have 5 group shares and then each users has an individual share one users has 22gigs of stuff a few others have 10-20mb of stuff and everyone else is empty so maybe like 26gigs total I deleted a few files yesterday and freed up about 250mb of space today when i checked it it was completely full again and i deleted some older files and freed up about 170mb of stuff but i can watch it slowly creep down in free space. I keep running a df -h Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 241690180 229340500 169200 100% / varrun 257632 260 257372 1% /var/run varlock 257632 0 257632 0% /var/lock udev 257632 72 257560 1% /dev devshm 257632 52 257580 1% /dev/shm lrm 257632 40000 217632 16% /lib/modules/2.6.24-28-generic /volatile what can I do to try to hunt down whats taking up so much of my hdd? (im fairly new to unix in general so i apologize if this is not well explained)

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• How do you cache web pages with a personalized header using caching reverse proxy such as Squid, Var

  - by Continuation

  Pretty much every page of my website is dynamically generated. However they don't change that frequently (kinda similar to a forum page). So I'd like to cache them using a caching reverse proxy such as Squid, varnish or Nginx. The problem is that for my logged-in users, each of them will see a personalized header saying "Welcome John Doe. Logout" on the upper right corner of the page (just like serverfault). While users who aren't logged in will see a header that says "Login" instead. So basically even though every user will see the same page in general, they all slightly different version due to that personalized header. Is there any way so that I can cache the "main" part of the page and serve it from cache while generate the personalized header dynamically for each individual user? This must be a very common problem. How is it solved in general?

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• Maintenance Plan Reporting - Append To File - Clean Up?

  - by Adam J.R. Erickson

  Background: (SQL Server 2005, Standard Ed.) I have a maintenance plan running backups, taking a full backup 1/day, and t-log every 15 minutes. I have it set to create a text file report of each run, but that creates A LOT of files on the file server. These are hard to sort through, which makes them less useful. Question: There is an option in "Reporting and Logging" settings for appending all logs together, but how do you clean this out? If you're appending to the same log file every time, how should you make sure this file doesn't grow indefinitely? Is there a build-in function to clean out portions of appended logs like there is for cleaning out individual old log files?

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• Get cryptic error when trying to create a snapshot of any of my VMs

  - by Zolt

  I'm using Oracle VM VirtualBox. I have 6 VMs that I've imported. When I click on an individual VM, and then click the camera image (or Ctrl+Shift+S) to take a snapshot, the snapshot process fails and VirtualBox gives the following error: Failed to create a snapshot of the virtual machine vmName. Details: Result Code: VBOX_E_IPRT_ERROR (0x80BB0005) This happens not only for one of my VMs, but all of them, if I try to take a snapshot of each one separately, one at a time. My computer is a Windows 7 machine. I have 200 GB free on my hard drive, and I see no reason why the error should occur. I can import VMs, run them, and clone then without any problems. Can anyone tell me what to do to fix the issue?

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• Remotely managing Hyper-V VMs from Windows 8 Client

  - by Vazgen

  Currently, I have a core Hyper-V Server hosting VMs for a domain controller and several domain-joined VDI infrastructure servers. The VMs are connected in that domain environment, but the remote management of the physical Hyper-V Server is set up using the same WORKGROUP (as the Windows 8 client I'm managing from) This makes it cumbersome to manage the VMs hosted on the physical server from my remote management Windows 8 client because I can only connect to the physical Hyper-V server and not the individual VMs hosted inside. Can I make my set up more flexible by hosting a second domain controller in a VM hosted on my Windows 8 machine and switching my remote management set up to use the same domain through? Meaning ALL physical and virtual machines including the VDI infrastructure under the same domain? I'm new to this just looking for some suggestions.

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• SQL Server: Is it possible to prevent SQL Agent from failing a step on error?

  - by franklinkj

  I have a stored procedure that runs custom backups for around 60 SQL servers (mixes 2000 through 2008R2). Occasionally, due to issues outside of my control (backup device inaccessible, network error, etc.) an individual backup on one or two databases will fail. This causes this entire step to fail, which means any subsequent backup commands are not executed and half of the databases on a given server may not be backed up. On the 2005+ boxes I am using TRY/CATCH blocks to manage these problems and continue backing up the remaining databases. On a 2000 server however, for example, I have no way to prevent this error from failing the entire step: Msg 3201, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 Cannot open backup device 'db-diff(\PATH\DB-DIFF-03-16-2010.DIF)'. Operating system error 5(Access is denied.). Msg 3013, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 BACKUP DATABASE is terminating abnormally. I am simply asking if anything like this is possible in SQL 2000 or if I need to go in a completely different direction.

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• Nagios3 gives a warning on HTTP service monitoring

  - by Dez

  Already set up my local net configuration to be monitored by Nagios3. I found a problem that Nagios3 reports a warning in the HTTP monitoring service of a Debian server set at ip 192.168.1.52, that has an individual virtual host and a mass virtual host for application development. I get this status message: HTTP WARNING: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found I used the Nagios tools to check. servername is the name of the vhost server name I used in the Apache configuration. /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_http -H servername -I 192.168.1.52 receiving this status message: HTTP OK HTTP/1.1 200 OK - 37900 bytes in 0.504 seconds |time=0.503946s;;;0.000000 size=37900B;;;0 But when I check like this: /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_http -I 192.168.1.52 I get the same status message as the warning, so I assume that I don't have Nagios completely well set up because doesn't recognize the vhosts for that server, how it should be as the check_http service shows. Where should I look to fix that warning?

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• Unix copy command that has a progress bar, but not as heavy as rsync

  - by Rory McCann

  I need to copy lots of files. Usually I use rsync because I pass it the -aP options and I can see (a) how many files are left to process and (b) how much of each individual file is copied. However rsync also does lots of things with checksums to verify that a file was copied. However I don't really need that now. But normal cp doesn't include the above mentioned count of files left, which is very helpful. Is there anything like cp that includes progress of how many files left, but isn't as heavy as rsync?

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• Universal Windows XP With Ghost and Sysprep

  - by RobertPitt

  Hey I have an idea but im not sure whether it is possible and looking for advice on how to accomplish this. If i was to try and deploy Windows XP Sysprepped image from a Lenovo Thinkcentre 6073-CTO and tried to drop it onto a Dell Optiplex for instance I would get a BSOD due to the hardware change. What im looking to do is create a few images like so: Windows XP x86 SP3 (Sysprepped) Windows XP x64 SP3 (Sysprepped) ... So that we can use throughout the organization without having to create individual images per computer type. Is there anyway's to accomplish this such as some modification of files pre-ghost, removal a certain drivers pre-sysprep Any advice is appreciated.

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• How to maintain one file across many production servers (Windows and Linux)

  - by Brien

  My organization wants to centrally manage an Oracle TNSnames file for all of their production servers. When that file changes, they want to be able to push out the changes to all servers that use it with a minimal effort. Approaches that have been considered: Centralized file server (drawback: if the file server or the network connection to the file server goes down, the servers have no access to the critical file) Subversion client on each server (drawback: using a source control tool in production, added complexity) Store an individual copy of the file on each server (drawback: changing the file contents involves making changes on many different servers) Update Can I use DFS to do this?

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• Overcrowded Windows XP Folders

  - by BlairHippo

  I know that, technically, an individual Windows XP directory can hold an immense number of files (over 4.29 billion, according to a quick Google search). However, is there a practical ceiling where too many files in one directory starts having an impact on reads to those files? If so, what factors would exacerbate or help the issue? I ask because my employer has several hundred XP machines in the field at client sites, and the performance on some of the older ones is getting "sludgy." The machines download and display client-defined images, and my supervisor and I suspect that our slacktastic approach to cache management could be to blame. (Some of the directories have tens of thousands of images in them.) I'm trying to gather evidence to support or contest the theory before spending time on a coding fix.

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• How to clear stuck locked maildrop pop3 process

  - by Joshua

  I am using cyrus for imap and pop One of my users is getting the following error: Unable to lock maildrop : Mailbox is locked by POP server. I can see where it starts in the log. I've read that there is no physical lock file anymore (i've tried looking for it anyways) and that the solution is to just wait for the timeout, or kill the offending pop3 process. I know that this is happening because of a lossy connection on the part of the affected user, and that pop3 can only have 1 session active at a time. I need to manually clear the lock and I am having trouble finding the offending pop process. I have tried lsof, but it doesn't say how long the individual files (sockets) have been opened for. I've reduced the tcp keepalive time down to 5 mins, but I still need to reset this guy's lock. I could use some pointers. Thanks!

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• How to configure/save layout of SQL Server's Log File Viewer?

  - by gernblandston

  When I'm viewing the job history of a particular SQL Agent Job, I typically want to see whether it succeeded, its duration and maybe the duration of the individual steps of the job. When I open the history in the Log File Viewer, I always need to scroll over and shrink the 'Message' column and drag the 'Duration' column over next to the 'Step Name' column. Is there a way to configure the layout of the Log File Viewer (e.g. reposition columns, resize columns) and save it for future sessions? Thanks!

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• What's the difference between these Intel things?

  - by Coldblackice

  My head still spins with the various Intel "things" that may (or may not) need installing/configuring/yaddayadda'ing: Intel Rapid Storage Technology (is this driver? a software manager/package?), Intel Chipset (i.e., Intel INF Update Utility, Intel RST OROM, Intel RST driver, Intel Matrix Manager, etc. I think I have a basic understanding that the OROM is the low-level BIOS "driver", which communicates with the higher-level RST driver (in Windows). But what's the Chipset Installation software? What's the INF installation/update software? I'm confused as to what the other pieces are (or why there are so many to begin with). And as for a practical matter -- I'm wanting to upgrade my BIOS with a recent Intel OROM included, and then also update the Intel RST drivers in Windows -- BUT, as for the Windows side of things, I don't know what I should uninstall -- the Intel Chipset installer thing (through official uninstaller), Intel RST Manager, finding the individual Intel devices in Device Manager and right-clicking-uninstall/deleting, etc.

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