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  • Speeding up ROW_NUMBER in SQL Server

    - by BlueRaja
    We have a number of machines which record data into a database at sporadic intervals. For each record, I'd like to obtain the time period between this recording and the previous recording. I can do this using ROW_NUMBER as follows: WITH TempTable AS ( SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Machine_ID ORDER BY Date_Time) AS Ordering FROM dbo.DataTable ) SELECT [Current].*, Previous.Date_Time AS PreviousDateTime FROM TempTable AS [Current] INNER JOIN TempTable AS Previous ON [Current].Machine_ID = Previous.Machine_ID AND Previous.Ordering = [Current].Ordering + 1 The problem is, it goes really slow (several minutes on a table with about 10k entries) - I tried creating separate indicies on Machine_ID and Date_Time, and a single joined-index, but nothing helps. Is there anyway to rewrite this query to go faster?

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  • Show Mail Control Panel item from Outlook 2010 (32-bit)on Windows 2008R2 Terminal Server

    - by Mischa
    Hi I try to show the Mail Control Panel item in Windows 2008 R2. I only type the Name "Mail" in to the "Show only specified Contol Panel items Properties" in the Group Policy. In Windows 2008 R2 that doesn't work and theres no item in the Control Panel to configure Outlook 2010 Profiles. I already tried with: Mail and Mail(32-bit). I didn't find the suitable entry on on the side: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee330741%28VS.85%29.aspx# Kind regards Mischa

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  • Cancel/Kill SQL-Server BACKUP in SUPSPENDED state (WRITELOG)

    - by Sebastian Seifert
    I have a SQL 2008 R2 Express on which backups are made by executing sqlmaint from windows task planer. Several backups ran into an error and got stuck in state SUSPENDED with wait type WRITELOG. How can I get these backup processes to stop so they release resources? Simply killing the processes doesn't work. The process will stay in KILL/ROLL for a long time. This didn't change for several hours.

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  • Windows Server 2012 File Security Warning

    - by Technicolour
    I've mapped my domain users to a remote share, and I'm trying to get rid of the security warning that appears whenever a file is run from the remote share. I've tried adding the FQDN to the intranet list with no prevail and I'm starting to go crazy. I've also turned off IE Enhanced Security Configuration for both Admins and Users. The group policies are being applied, and I can see the FQDN in the intranet list in internet options. Relevant group policy: Relevant security warning:

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  • Cancel/Kill SQL-Server BACKUP in SUPSPENDED state (WRITELOG)

    - by Sebastian Seifert
    I have a SQL 2008 R2 Express on which backups are made by executing sqlmaint from windows task planer. Several backups ran into an error and got stuck in state SUSPENDED with wait type WRITELOG. How can I get these backup processes to stop so they release resources? Simply killing the processes doesn't work. The process will stay in KILL/ROLL for a long time. This didn't change for several hours.

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  • How to mount LUKS partition securely on server

    - by Ency
    I'm curious if it is possible to mount a partition encrypted by cryptsetup with LUKS securely and automatically on Ubuntu 10.0.4 LTS. For example, if I use the key for the encrypted partition, than that key has to be presented on a device that is not encrypted and if someone steals my disk they'll be able to find the key and decrypt the partition. Is there any safe way to mount an encrypted partition? If not, does anything exist to do what I want?

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  • SQL-Server 2008 : Table Insert and Range Check ?

    - by LB .
    I'm using the Table Value constructor to insert a bunch of rows at a time. However if i'm using sql replication, I run into a range check constraint on the publisher on my id column managed automatically. The reason is the fact that the id range doesn't seem to be increased during an insert of several values, meaning that the max id is reached before the actual range expansion could occur (or the id threshold). It looks like this problem for which the solution is either running the merge agent or run the sp_adjustpublisheridentityrange stored procedure. I'm litteraly doing something like : INSERT INTO dbo.MyProducts (Name, ListPrice) VALUES ('Helmet', 25.50), ('Wheel', 30.00), ((SELECT Name FROM Production.Product WHERE ProductID = 720), (SELECT ListPrice FROM Production.Product WHERE ProductID = 720)); GO What are my options (if I don't want or can't adopt any of the proposed solution) ? Expand the range ? Decrease the threshold ? Can I programmatically modify my request to circumvent this problem ? thanks.

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  • Getting Started with windows server 2008/2012

    - by hbrock
    First let me say, I am a programmer(not a super star) but I want to get more into the system/network administration side of things. This because there are more jobs for system/network administrators in the area I live. Right now I am using virtual machines to learn how windows 2008/2012 works and to build labs with. But how would I prove to an employer what my skill set is with windows 2008/2012? As a programmer I would point to my past projects, code samples, and so on. Thanks for any help.

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  • windows 2003 server read only access

    - by Bruce227
    Hi, I'm having a read only access problem. I have admin rights and can set the security for a folder to give me full access but when I switch the check box for read only off then exit out and open the properties back up it is checked. It is a grayed out check box if that helps. I just don't know how I have read/write access but can't switch off read only for a particular folder. Thanks

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  • ????Java EE????WebLogic Server???????????|WebLogic Channel|??????

    - by ???02
    20????????????????????????/???????????Java EE???WebLogic Server????????????????IT(????)?????????????????????????????????????/??????????????????????????????????????????/?????????????????????????2011?9?6???????????????????WebLogic & Java EE????????????????????????????Java EE?WebLogic Server????????????(???)?WebLogic Suite?????/??????????????????　???Java????????????·?????????????????WebLogic & Java EE?????????????????????????? Fusion Middleware?????????????????Oracle WebLogic Server???????????????????????????WebLogic Server????????????????·??????????????????????　???WebLogic Server??????????????Standard Edition?????????????Enterprise Edition??????????·??????·????????WebLogic Suite??3??????????????????????????WebLogic Suite??????????????WebLogic Server???????????/??????JRockit Flight Recorder????Mission Control???????·???·??????Oracle Coherence????????????????Java??????JRockit Real Time????????????????Oracle Enterprise Manager??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????·??????·??????????????????·????????　????????????????????WebLogic Server?????????????????????????????·????????????????·??????2????????2??????????????IT???????????????????????????????????????·????????????????IT??????????????????????????????????·???????????????????IT??????????????????????????????????Java????????·?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????　??????????????????????????????????????????????"???"??????????????WebLogic Suite???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????(???)　???????WebLogic Server?????????????????WebLogic Suite 11g?????????????????????????????????Oracle Database??????????????????4??????　???????????????????Java EE 5????????????Java EE 6???????????????Eclipse????????????????FastSwap????????????????????????????????????????????????????????　?????????????????????????JRockit Flight Recorder????????????·????????????????????????????????????????·???????????????????????????????????　Oracle Database?????????????Oracle Real Application Clusters(RAC)??????????Active GridLink for RAC?????????????????RAC???????????????????????·????????????????????????????·?????????????????????????????????RAC?????????WebLogic Server?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????　?????????????????·???????2011????????????????WebLogic Server 10.3.6???2012?????????????????WebLogic Server 12.1.1????????WebLogic Server 10.3.6???????·???????Oracle Exalogic Elastic Cloud???WebLogic Server 12.1.1?Java?????????????????????????　WebLogic Server 10.3.6????????????Oracle Virtual Assembly Builder???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????WebLogic Server 10.3.6?????????????????InfiniBand????????Socket Direct Protocol???????????　??????????·???????WebLogic Server 12.1.1???Java EE 6??????????????????Web?????????????????????Java EE 6?????????WebLogic Server?????????????????????　??????????????????????????????WebLogic Suite????????????????????????????????·??????·????????WebLogic Server????????????Java EE????6????????!　????????Java EE 6????-??????????????????????? Fusion Middleware?????? ???Java???????????????????Java???????????????????　????????????????????????――?Java EE??????????????????????2000???????EJB??????Java EE?????????????????Web???????????????????Struts???Spring Framework??????????????????????????????????Java EE?"?"???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????XML??????????????????????????Java EE??????????(=??)???????　??????????????????????????????????J2EE 1.4??????Java EE 5???????"??????"???????????????????????????Java EE 6??????????????"??????"???????????????????????????2009?12???????????????????????????(???)　?????????????????????????Java EE 6????????????????????????????????????????????????4??????　?????????????Java EE???????????????????????????????????????????web.xml?????????????????Java EE 6??????????????????web.xml???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????　????Java EE????????????????????????????Java EE 6??????Web??????????????????Web????????????Java EE??????????????????????????????????????/????????Web????????????????????????　????????????????????Java EE???????·??????????JavaServer Faces(JSF) 2.0????????????????????????????????????　JSF 2.0??????????????????·????????XHTML???????????????????????·???????(UI)??????????????JSF 1.2???Java Server Pages(JSP)????????????????????????????????????????JSF 2.0???Facelet??????XHTML??????????????????????????????????　?????EJB??????????????????????????EJB 3.1?????????EJB???????????????????????????????????????·????????????????Java SE???EJB??????????????????????????　??????????????????????????????????????????·???????????Java EE 5????????Java EE 6?????????Web??????????????????????·??????????Tomcat??????????????·??????????????(???)???????????????????Web?????????????Tomcat??????????????????????　???????????????Tomcat???????Java Servlet?JSP?Expression Language?????????????????Struts???????????????Web????????????????????????????????????????Web??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Java EE 6?????????????????????????????　?Java EE 6?Web???????????Java EE?????????????????Web????????????????????Java EE 6???????WebLogic Server????????????????????????????????????????Web??????????????????????(???)　?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Java EE 6?????????????????????Java EE 6???"??????"?????????????JRockit Flight Recorder/Mission Control?????????!　??????????????? Fusion Middleware?????????????????Oracle WebLogic Server 11g?????????-???????WebLogic??????!??????????????WebLogic Server?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????JRockit Flight Recorder?JRockit Mission Control????????????·???????????????　????????JRockit Flight Recorder(JFR)??Java???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????　??JFR????????????????????SLA????????????????????????????????　????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????JRockit?????????????JRockit Mission Control(JMC)?????JFR??????????JFR????????·????????????????????　JFR?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????·????????????????????????????????????????·?????????????????????????????????????????????????????4???????????????????????JFR????????????????????????????????????????　???JMC?Eclipse??????????????????????????????????????????·?????????????????????????????????????Eclipse??????JMC????????????????·???????????????????·??????????????????????????????????????　??????JMC?Eclipse?????????????????????????????????????????UI????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????: ?????????! ?????????????????JRockit Flight Recorder?????*　　　*　　　*　???????WebLogic & Java EE??????????????????Java?WebLogic Server????3??????????????????????????????????·?????????????????????????

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  • SQL Server and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Part 3

    - by SQLOS Team
    In parts 1 and 2 of this series we looked at the basics of Hyper-V Dynamic Memory and SQL Server memory management. In this part Serdar looks at configuration guidelines for SQL Server memory management. Part 3: Configuration Guidelines for Hyper-V Dynamic Memory and SQL Server Now that we understand SQL Server Memory Management and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory basics, let’s take a look at general configuration guidelines in order to utilize benefits of Hyper-V Dynamic Memory in your SQL Server VMs. Requirements Host Operating System Requirements Hyper-V Dynamic Memory feature is introduced with Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1. Therefore in order to use Dynamic Memory for your virtual machines, you need to have Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 or Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 SP1 in your Hyper-V host. Guest Operating System Requirements In addition to this Dynamic Memory is only supported in Standard, Web, Enterprise and Datacenter editions of windows running inside VMs. Make sure that your VM is running one of these editions. For additional requirements on each operating system see “Dynamic Memory Configuration Guidelines” here. SQL Server Requirements All versions of SQL Server support Hyper-V Dynamic Memory. However, only certain editions of SQL Server are aware of dynamically changing system memory. To have a truly dynamic environment for your SQL Server VMs make sure that you are running one of the SQL Server editions listed below: ·         SQL Server 2005 Enterprise ·         SQL Server 2008 Enterprise / Datacenter Editions ·         SQL Server 2008 R2 Enterprise / Datacenter Editions Configuration guidelines for other versions of SQL Server are covered below in the FAQ section. Guidelines for configuring Dynamic Memory Parameters Here is how to configure Dynamic Memory for your SQL VMs in a nutshell: Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Parameter Recommendation Startup RAM 1 GB + SQL Min Server Memory Maximum RAM > SQL Max Server Memory Memory Buffer % 5 Memory Weight Based on performance needs   Startup RAM In order to ensure that your SQL Server VMs can start correctly, ensure that Startup RAM is higher than configured SQL Min Server Memory for your VMs. Otherwise SQL Server service will need to do paging in order to start since it will not be able to see enough memory during startup. Also note that Startup Memory will always be reserved for your VMs. This will guarantee a certain level of performance for your SQL Servers, however setting this too high will limit the consolidation benefits you’ll get out of your virtualization environment. Maximum RAM This one is obvious. If you’ve configured SQL Max Server Memory for your SQL Server, make sure that Dynamic Memory Maximum RAM configuration is higher than this value. Otherwise your SQL Server will not grow to memory values higher than the value configured for Dynamic Memory. Memory Buffer % Memory buffer configuration is used to provision file cache to virtual machines in order to improve performance. Due to the fact that SQL Server is managing its own buffer pool, Memory Buffer setting should be configured to the lowest value possible, 5%. Configuring a higher memory buffer will prevent low resource notifications from Windows Memory Manager and it will prevent reclaiming memory from SQL Server VMs. Memory Weight Memory weight configuration defines the importance of memory to a VM. Configure higher values for the VMs that have higher performance requirements. VMs with higher memory weight will have more memory under high memory pressure conditions on your host. Questions and Answers Q1 – Which SQL Server memory model is best for Dynamic Memory? The best SQL Server model for Dynamic Memory is “Locked Page Memory Model”. This memory model ensures that SQL Server memory is never paged out and it’s also adaptive to dynamically changing memory in the system. This will be extremely useful when Dynamic Memory is attempting to remove memory from SQL Server VMs ensuring no SQL Server memory is paged out. You can find instructions on configuring “Locked Page Memory Model” for your SQL Servers here. Q2 – What about other SQL Server Editions, how should I configure Dynamic Memory for them? Other editions of SQL Server do not adapt to dynamically changing environments. They will determine how much memory they should allocate during startup and don’t change this value afterwards. Therefore make sure that you configure a higher startup memory for your VM because that will be all the memory that SQL Server utilize Tune Maximum Memory and Memory Buffer based on the other workloads running on the system. If there are no other workloads consider using Static Memory for these editions. Q3 – What if I have multiple SQL Server instances in a VM? Having multiple SQL Server instances in a VM is not a general recommendation for predictable performance, manageability and isolation. In order to achieve a predictable behavior make sure that you configure SQL Min Server Memory and SQL Max Server Memory for each instance in the VM. And make sure that: ·         Dynamic Memory Startup Memory is greater than the sum of SQL Min Server Memory values for the instances in the VM ·         Dynamic Memory Maximum Memory is greater than the sum of SQL Max Server Memory values for the instances in the VM Q4 – I’m using Large Page Memory Model for my SQL Server. Can I still use Dynamic Memory? The short answer is no. SQL Server does not dynamically change its memory size when configured with Large Page Memory Model. In virtualized environments Hyper-V provides large page support by default. Most of the time, Large Page Memory Model doesn’t bring any benefits to a SQL Server if it’s running in virtualized environments. Q5 – How do I monitor SQL performance when I’m trying Dynamic Memory on my VMs? Use the performance counters below to monitor memory performance for SQL Server: Process - Working Set: This counter is available in the VM via process performance counters. It represents the actual amount of physical memory being used by SQL Server process in the VM. SQL Server – Buffer Cache Hit Ratio: This counter is available in the VM via SQL Server counters. This represents the paging being done by SQL Server. A rate of 90% or higher is desirable. Conclusion These blog posts are a quick start to a story that will be developing more in the near future. We’re still continuing our testing and investigations to provide more detailed configuration guidelines with example performance numbers with a white paper in the upcoming months. Now it’s time to give SQL Server and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory a try. Use this guidelines to kick-start your environment. See what you think about it and let us know of your experiences. - Serdar Sutay Originally posted at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlosteam/

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  • What's the lowest cost, legal, Microsoft server stack you can assemble?

    - by McKAMEY
    Assuming that you have an app infrastructure that generally only requires: ASP.NET MVC / C# / .NET Database or NoSQL data store (must be accessible from C#) Here's the challenge to you server gods: What is the least expensive configuration that will allow you to deploy to production in a way that doesn't break any licensing rules? In what ways does this solution differ from the "standard" Microsoft deployment scenario? Where does this solution's performance break down once the app begins to scale? I'm not concerned about the hardware, only the server software itself. I would love to hear about any solutions you've personally put into production. Especially if they are unique alternatives. For ideas, consider some of the possible variations, a) any Microsoft server solutions where they have lowered the barrier to entry to compete with OSS, or b) any OSS alternatives to Microsoft products which perform at a similar level. An example of a): SQL Server 2008 Express Edition SP1 is a 100% free version of SQL Server which will scale to the needs of many smaller / early stage applications. An example of b): running the Mono Framework on Linux. An example of differing from the "standard" stack: running Mono on Linux will require a completely different server OS familiarity. None of the Windows-based knowledge really transfers. An example of breaking down under scale: SQL Server Express will only scale to 1GB of memory and 4GB of disk storage. After that point, the application will need to move to one of the paid versions of SQL Server.

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  • SQL Server Error: maximum number of prefixes. The maximum is 3.

    - by Ian Boyd
    Trying to run a cross-server update: UPDATE cmslive.CMSFintrac.dbo.lsipos SET PostHistorySequencenNmber = ( SELECT TransactionNumber FROM Transactions WHERE Transactions.TransactionDate = cmslive.CMSFintrac.dbo.lsipos.TransactionDate) Gives the error: Server: Msg 117, Level 15, State 2, Line 5 The number name 'cmslive.CMSFintrac.dbo.lsipos' contains more than the maximum number of prefixes. The maximum is 3. What gives? Note: Rearranging the query into a less readable join form: UPDATE cmslive.CMSFintrac.dbo.lsipos SET PostHistorySequenceNumber = B.TransactionNumber FROM cmslive.CMSFintrac.dbo.lsipos A INNER JOIN Transactions B ON A.TransactionDate = B.TransactionDate does not give an error.

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  • Is there a log showing why a Windows server did not restart SQL Server after a reboot?

    - by MerlinMags
    Our server was rebooted after a Windows Update scheduled for 1am, but after the restart SQL Server did not start up, so our websites were unable to display. Usually this process happens with no manual intervention. Is there a log somewhere which might indicate the reason why the Windows startup process did not call SQL Server to get going again? I've looked in the Event Viewer (Application Log) and SQL's own file E:\MSSQL\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Log\ERRORLOG* but these only contain records of successful startup operations....nothing mentions a failed attempt to start a service or anything like that.

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  • Recommended storage scheme for home server? (LVM/JBOD/RAID 5...)

    - by j-g-faustus
    Are there any guidelines for which storage scheme(s) makes most sense for a multiple-disk home server? I am assuming a separate boot/OS disk (so bootability is not a concern, this is for data storage only) and 4-6 storage disks of 1-2 TB each, for a total storage capacity in the range 4-12 TB. The file system is ext4, I expect there will be only one big partition spanning all disks. As far as I can tell, the alternatives are individual disks pros: works with any combination of disk sizes; losing a disk loses only the data on that disk; no need for volume management. cons: data management is clumsy when logical units (like a "movies" folder) are larger than the capacity of any single drive. JBOD span pros: can merge disks of any size. cons: losing a disk loses all data on all disks LVM pros: can merge disks of any size; relatively simple to add and remove disks. cons: losing a disk loses all data on all disks RAID 0 pros: speed cons: losing one drive loses all data; disks must be same size RAID 5 pros: data survives losing one disk cons: gives up one disk worth of capacity; disks must be same size RAID 6 pros: data survives losing two disks cons: gives up two disks worth of capacity; disks must be same size I'm primarily considering either LVM or JBOD span simply because it will let me reuse older, smaller-capacity disks when I upgrade the system. The runner-up is RAID 0 for speed. I'm planning on having full backups to a separate system, so I expect the extra redundancy from RAID levels 5 or 6 won't be important. Is this a fair representation of the alternatives? Are there other considerations or alternatives I have missed? And what would you recommend?

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  • How to connect to local instance of SQL Server 2008 Express

    - by Billy Logan
    I just installed SQL Server 2008 Express on my windows 7 machine. I previously had 2005 on here and used it just fine with the old SQL Server Management Studio Express. I was able to connect with no problems to my PC-NAME\SQLEXPRESS instance. I uninstalled 2005 and SQL Server Management Studio Express. I then installed SQL Server 2008 Express on my machine and elected to have it install SQL Server Management Studio. Now, when I try to connect to PC-NAME\SQLEXPRESS (with Windows Authentication, like I always did), I get the following message: Cannot connect to PC-NAME\SQLEXPRESS. A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: SQL Network Interfaces, error: 26 - Error Locating Server/Instance Specified) (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: -1) For help, click: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink?ProdName=Microsoft+SQL+Server&EvtSrc=MSSQLServer&EvtID=-1&LinkId=20476 When I went to the help link it mentions, the help page suggests the following: * Make sure that the SQL Server Browser service is started on the server. * Use the SQL Server Surface Area Configuration tool to enable SQL Server to accept remote connections. For more information about the SQL Server Surface Area Configuration Tool, see Surface Area Configuration for Services and Connections. I did try starting the SQL Server Browser, but don't see that the Surface Area Configuration is installed with this express version. I had seen another user with an almost exact same issue that was missing the database engine on install. If that were the case how could i test for that and where would i go to download that install. Thanks in advance, Billy

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  • Connect by Wifi to Sql Server from another computer

    - by Bronzato
    I try to connect by Wifi to Sql Server with Sql Server Management Studio from another computer but it failed. I have a computer with Windows Seven & Sql Server 2008 (lets say the server computer). Next to it, I have a fresh installed computer with Windows Seven & Sql Server Management Studio (let's say the client computer). What I do on the server computer: configure firewall by enabling port 1433 enabled network protocols (TCP/IP) inside Sql Server Configuration Manager checked "Allow remote connections to this server" on server properties in Sql Server Management. started Sql Server Browser restarted services (Sql Server Browser is stopped but I think it is not neccessary, isn't it?) Next, I successfully tested a ping on the port 1433 from my client computer with a tool named tcping (ex: tcping 192.168.1.4 1433). But I still cannot connect from my client computer to Sql Server on my other computer. Ok, something new on this problem: until now, I successfully connected to my "server computer" with Management Studio. What I do is typing the computer name in the server name field in the connection window of Management Studio. My previous (failed) attempt was to type the computer name followed by the instance of sql server (ex: COMPUTER_NAME\SQL2008). I don't know why I only have to type the computer name... Nevermind. Now my new challenge is to succeed connecting my VB6 application to this remote database located on my "computer server". I have a connection string for this but it failed to connect. Here is my connection string: "Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Password=mypassword;User ID=sa;Initial Catalog=TPB;Data Source=THIERRY-HP\SQL2008" Any idea what's wrong? Thanks

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  • SQL SERVER – Shrinking NDF and MDF Files – Readers’ Opinion

    - by pinaldave
    Previously, I had written a blog post about SQL SERVER – Shrinking NDF and MDF Files – A Safe Operation. After that, I have written the following blog post that talks about the advantage and disadvantage of Shrinking and why one should not be Shrinking a file SQL SERVER – SHRINKFILE and TRUNCATE Log File in SQL Server 2008. On this subject, SQL Server Expert Imran Mohammed left an excellent comment. I just feel that his comment is worth a big article itself. For everybody to read his wonderful explanation, I am posting this blog post here. Thanks Imran! Shrinking Database always creates performance degradation and increases fragmentation in the database. I suggest that you keep that in mind before you start reading the following comment. If you are going to say Shrinking Database is bad and evil, here I am saying it first and loud. Now, the comment of Imran is written while keeping in mind only the process showing how the Shrinking Database Operation works. Imran has already explained his understanding and requests further explanation. I have removed the Best Practices section from Imran’s comments, as there are a few corrections. Comments from Imran - Before I explain to you the concept of Shrink Database, let us understand the concept of Database Files. When we create a new database inside the SQL Server, it is typical that SQl Server creates two physical files in the Operating System: one with .MDF Extension, and another with .LDF Extension. .MDF is called as Primary Data File. .LDF is called as Transactional Log file. If you add one or more data files to a database, the physical file that will be created in the Operating System will have an extension of .NDF, which is called as Secondary Data File; whereas, when you add one or more log files to a database, the physical file that will be created in the Operating System will have the same extension as .LDF. The questions now are, “Why does a new data file have a different extension (.NDF)?”, “Why is it called as a secondary data file?” and, “Why is .MDF file called as a primary data file?” Answers: Note: The following explanation is based on my limited knowledge of SQL Server, so experts please do comment. A data file with a .MDF extension is called a Primary Data File, and the reason behind it is that it contains Database Catalogs. Catalogs mean Meta Data. Meta Data is “Data about Data”. An example for Meta Data includes system objects that store information about other objects, except the data stored by the users. sysobjects stores information about all objects in that database. sysindexes stores information about all indexes and rows of every table in that database. syscolumns stores information about all columns that each table has in that database. sysusers stores how many users that database has. Although Meta Data stores information about other objects, it is not the transactional data that a user enters; rather, it’s a system data about the data. Because Primary Data File (.MDF) contains important information about the database, it is treated as a special file. It is given the name Primary Data file because it contains the Database Catalogs. This file is present in the Primary File Group. You can always create additional objects (Tables, indexes etc.) in the Primary data file (This file is present in the Primary File group), by mentioning that you want to create this object under the Primary File Group. Any additional data file that you add to the database will have only transactional data but no Meta Data, so that’s why it is called as the Secondary Data File. It is given the extension name .NDF so that the user can easily identify whether a specific data file is a Primary Data File or a Secondary Data File(s). There are many advantages of storing data in different files that are under different file groups. You can put your read only in the tables in one file (file group) and read-write tables in another file (file group) and take a backup of only the file group that has read the write data, so that you can avoid taking the backup of a read-only data that cannot be altered. Creating additional files in different physical hard disks also improves I/O performance. A real-time scenario where we use Files could be this one: Let’s say you have created a database called MYDB in the D-Drive which has a 50 GB space. You also have 1 Database File (.MDF) and 1 Log File on D-Drive and suppose that all of that 50 GB space has been used up and you do not have any free space left but you still want to add an additional space to the database. One easy option would be to add one more physical hard disk to the server, add new data file to MYDB database and create this new data file in a new hard disk then move some of the objects from one file to another, and put the file group under which you added new file as default File group, so that any new object that is created gets into the new files, unless specified. Now that we got a basic idea of what data files are, what type of data they store and why they are named the way they are, let’s move on to the next topic, Shrinking. First of all, I disagree with the Microsoft terminology for naming this feature as “Shrinking”. Shrinking, in regular terms, means to reduce the size of a file by means of compressing it. BUT in SQL Server, Shrinking DOES NOT mean compressing. Shrinking in SQL Server means to remove an empty space from database files and release the empty space either to the Operating System or to SQL Server. Let’s examine this through an example. Let’s say you have a database “MYDB” with a size of 50 GB that has a free space of about 20 GB, which means 30GB in the database is filled with data and the 20 GB of space is free in the database because it is not currently utilized by the SQL Server (Database); it is reserved and not yet in use. If you choose to shrink the database and to release an empty space to Operating System, and MIND YOU, you can only shrink the database size to 30 GB (in our example). You cannot shrink the database to a size less than what is filled with data. So, if you have a database that is full and has no empty space in the data file and log file (you don’t have an extra disk space to set Auto growth option ON), YOU CANNOT issue the SHRINK Database/File command, because of two reasons: There is no empty space to be released because the Shrink command does not compress the database; it only removes the empty space from the database files and there is no empty space. Remember, the Shrink command is a logged operation. When we perform the Shrink operation, this information is logged in the log file. If there is no empty space in the log file, SQL Server cannot write to the log file and you cannot shrink a database. Now answering your questions: (1) Q: What are the USEDPAGES & ESTIMATEDPAGES that appear on the Results Pane after using the DBCC SHRINKDATABASE (NorthWind, 10) ? A: According to Books Online (For SQL Server 2000): UsedPages: the number of 8-KB pages currently used by the file. EstimatedPages: the number of 8-KB pages that SQL Server estimates the file could be shrunk down to. Important Note: Before asking any question, make sure you go through Books Online or search on the Google once. The reasons for doing so have many advantages: 1. If someone else already has had this question before, chances that it is already answered are more than 50 %. 2. This reduces your waiting time for the answer. (2) Q: What is the difference between Shrinking the Database using DBCC command like the one above & shrinking it from the Enterprise Manager Console by Right-Clicking the database, going to TASKS & then selecting SHRINK Option, on a SQL Server 2000 environment? A: As far as my knowledge goes, there is no difference, both will work the same way, one advantage of using this command from query analyzer is, your console won’t be freezed. You can do perform your regular activities using Enterprise Manager. (3) Q: What is this .NDF file that is discussed above? I have never heard of it. What is it used for? Is it used by end-users, DBAs or the SERVER/SYSTEM itself? A: .NDF File is a secondary data file. You never heard of it because when database is created, SQL Server creates database by default with only 1 data file (.MDF) and 1 log file (.LDF) or however your model database has been setup, because a model database is a template used every time you create a new database using the CREATE DATABASE Command. Unless you have added an extra data file, you will not see it. This file is used by the SQL Server to store data which are saved by the users. Hope this information helps. I would like to as the experts to please comment if what I understand is not what the Microsoft guys meant. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Readers Contribution, Readers Question, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – List of All the Samples Database Available to Download for FREE

    - by Pinal Dave
    It is pretty much very common to have a sample database for any database product. Different companies keep on improving their product and keep on coming up with innovation in their product. To demonstrate the capability of their new enhancements they need the sample database. Microsoft have various sample database available for free download for their SQL Server Product. I have collected them here in a single blog post. Download an AdventureWorks Database The AdventureWorks OLTP database supports standard online transaction processing scenarios for a fictitious bicycle manufacturer (Adventure Works Cycles). Scenarios include Manufacturing, Sales, Purchasing, Product Management, Contact Management, and Human Resources. Coconut Dal Coconut Dal is a lightweight data access layer, for use in projects where the Entity Framework cannot be used or Microsoft’s Enterprise Library Data Block is unsuitable. Anyone who is handwriting ADO.NET should use a library instead and Coconut Dal might be the answer.  DataBooster – Extension to ADO.NET Data Provider The dbParallel DataBooster library is a high-performance extension to ADO.NET Data Provider, includes two aspects: 1) A slimmed down API encapsulation which simplified the most common data access operations (DbConnection -> DbCommand -> DbParameter -> DbDataReader) into a single class DbAccess, to help application with a clean DAL, avoid over-packing and redundant-copy of data transfer. 2) A booster for writing mass data onto database. Base on a rational utilization of database concurrency and a effective utilization of network bandwidth. Tabular AMO 2012 The sample is made of two project parts. The first part is a library of functions to manage tabular models -AMO2Tabular V2-. The second part is a sample to build a tabular model -AdventureWorks Tabular AMO 2012- using the AMO2Tabular library; the created model is similar to the ‘AdventureWorks Tabular Model 2012. SQL Server Analysis Services Product Samples SQL Server Analysis Services provides, a unified and integrated view of all your business data as the foundation for all of your traditional reporting, online analytical processing (OLAP) analysis, Key Performance Indicator (KPI) scorecards, and data mining. Analysis Services Samples for SQL Server 2008 R2 This release is dedicated to the samples that ship for Microsoft SQL Server 2008R2. For many of these samples you will also need to download the AdventureWorks family of databases. SQL Server Reporting Services Product Samples This project contains Reporting Services samples released with Microsoft SQL Server product. These samples are in the following five categories: Application Samples, Extension Samples, Model Samples, Report Samples, and Script Samples. If you are interested in contributing Reporting Services samples, please let us know by posting in the developers’ forum. Reporting Services Samples for SQL Server 2008 R2 This release is dedicated to the samples that ship for Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 PCU1. For many of these samples you will also need to download the AdventureWorks family of databases. SQL Server Integration Services Product Samples This project contains Integration Services samples released with Microsoft SQL Server product. These samples are in the following two categories: Package Samples and Programming Samples. If you are interested in contributing Integration Services samples, please let us know by posting in the developers’ forum. Integration Services Samples for SQL Server 2008 R2 This release is dedicated to the samples that ship for Microsoft SQL Server 2008R2. For many of these samples you will also need to download the AdventureWorks family of databases. Windows Azure SQL Reporting Admin Sample The SQLReportingAdmin sample for Windows Azure SQL Reporting demonstrates the usage of SQL Reporting APIs, and manages (add/update/delete) permissions of SQL Reporting users. Windows Azure SQL Reporting ReportViewer-SOAP API usage sample These sample projects demonstrate how to embed a Microsoft ReportViewer control that points to reports hosted on SQL Reporting report servers and how to use SQL Reporting SOAP APIs in your Windows Azure Web application. Enterprise Library 5.0 – Integration Pack for Windows Azure This NuGet package contains a zip file with the source code for the Enterprise Library Integration Pack for Windows Azure.  Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Download, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: SQL Sample Database

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  • SQL SERVER – Fix: Error: Compatibility Level Drop Down is Empty

    - by Pinal Dave
    I currently have SQL Server 2012 and SQL Server 2014 both installed on the same machine. My job requires me to travel a lot and I like to travel light. Hence, I have only one computer with all the software installed in it. I can install Virtual Machines but as I was able to install SQL Server 2012 and SQL Server 2014 side by side, I just went ahead with that option. Now one day when I opened up my SQL Server 2014 and went to the properties of the my database, I realized that the dropdown box for Compatibility level is empty. I just can’t select anything there or see what is the current Compatibility level of the database. This was the first time for me so I was bit confused and I tried to search online. Upon searching online I realize that if I was not the first, there are very few questions on this subject on various forums as well as there is no convincing answer to this problem online. That means, I was pretty much first one to face this error. See the image of the situation I was facing. Now I decided to resolve this issue as soon as I can. I spent a few minutes here and there and realize my mistake. I had connected to SQL Server 2014 instance from SQL Server 2012 Management Studio. Hence, I was not able to see any compatibility related settings. Once I connected to SQL Server 2014 instance with SQL Server 2014 Management Studio – this issue was resolved. Well, simple things sometimes keep us very busy. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Error Messages, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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