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• many-to-many-to-many, incl alignment of data from diff sources

  - by JefeCoon

  Re-factoring dbase to support many:many:many. At the second and third levels we need to preserve end-user 'mapping' or aligning of data from different sources, e.g. Order 17 FirstpartyOrderID => aha LineItem_for_BigShinyThingy => AA-1 # maps to 77-a LineItem_for_BigShinyThingy => AA-2 # maps to 77-b, 77-c LineItem_for_LittleWidget => AA-x # maps to 77-zulu, 77-alpha, 99-foxtrot LineItem_for_LittleWidget => AA-y # maps to 77-zulu, 99-foxtrot LineItem_for_LittleWidget => AA-z # maps to 77-alpha ThirdpartyOrderID => foo LineItem_for_BigShinyThingy => 77-a LineItem_for_BigShinyThingy => 77-b LineItem_for_BigShinyThingy => 77-c LineItem_for_LittleWidget => 77-zulu LineItem_for_LittleWidget => 77-alpha ThirdpartyOrderID => bar LineItem_for_LittleWidget => 99-foxtrot Each LineItem has daily datapoints reported from its own source (Firstparty|Thirdparty). In our UI & app we provide tools to align these, then we'd like to save them into the cleanest possible schema for querying, enabling us to diff the reported daily datapoints, and perform other daily calculations (which we'll store in the dbase also, fortunately that should be cake once we've nailed this). We need to map related [firstparty|thirdparty]line_items which have their own respective datapoints. We'll be using the association to pull each line_items collection of datapoints for summary and discrepancy calculations. I'm considering two options, std has_many,through x2 --or-- possibly (scary) ubermasterjoin table OptionA: order<<-->> order_join_table[id,order_id,firstparty_order_id,thirdparty_order_id] <<-->>line_item order_join_table[firstparty_order_id]-->raw_order[id] order_join_table[thirdparty_order_id]-->raw_order[id] raw_order-->raw_line_items[raw_order_id] line_item<<-->> line_item_join[id,LI_join_id,firstparty_LI,thirdparty_LI <<-->>raw_line_items line_item_join[firstparty_LI]-->raw_line_item[id] line_item_join[thirdparty_LI]-->raw_line_item[id] raw_line_item<<-->>datapoints = we rely upon join to store all mappings of first|third orders & line_items = keys to raw_* enable lookup of these order & line_item details = concerns about circular references and/or lack of correct mapping logic, e.g order--line_item--raw_line_items vs. order--raw_order--raw_line_items OptionB: order<<-->> join_master[id,order_id,FP_order_id,TP_order_id,FP_line_item_id,TP_line_item_id] join_master[FP_order_id & TP_order_id]-->raw_order[id] join_master[FP_line_item_id & TP_line_item_id]-->raw_line_item[id] = every combo of FP_line_item + TP_line_item writes a record into the join_master table = "theoretically" queries easy/fast/flexible/sexy At long last, my questions: a) any learnings from painful firsthand experience about how best to implement/tune/optimize many-to-many-to-many relationships b) in rails? c) any painful gotchas (circular references, slow queries, spaghetti-monsters) to watch out for? d) any joy & goodness in Rails3 that makes this magically easy & joyful? e) anyone written the "how to do many-to-many-to-many schema in Rails and make it fast & sexy?" tutorial that I somehow haven't found? If not, I'll follow up with our learnings in the hope it's helpful.. Thanks in advance- --Jeff

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• System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Must declare the scalar variable "@"

  - by Owala Wilson

  Haloo everyone...I am new to asp.net and I have been trying to query one table, and if the value returns true execute another query. here is my code: protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["MyServer"].ConnectionString); SqlConnection con1 = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["MyServer"].ConnectionString); int amounts = Convert.ToInt32(InstallmentPaidBox.Text) + Convert.ToInt32(InterestPaid.Text) + Convert.ToInt32(PenaltyPaid.Text); int loans = Convert.ToInt32(PrincipalPaid.Text) + Convert.ToInt32(InterestPaid.Text); con.Open(); DateTime date = Convert.ToDateTime(DateOfProcessing.Text); int month1 = Convert.ToInt32(date.Month); int year1 = Convert.ToInt32(date.Year); SqlCommand a = new SqlCommand("Select Date,max(Amount)as Amount from Minimum_Amount group by Date",con); SqlDataReader sq = a.ExecuteReader(); while (sq.Read()) { DateTime date2 = Convert.ToDateTime(sq["Date"]); int month2 = Convert.ToInt32(date2.Month); int year2 = Convert.ToInt32(date2.Year); if (month1 == month2 && year1 == year2) { int amount = Convert.ToInt32(sq["Amount"]); string scrip = "<script>alert('Data Successfully Added')</script>"; Page.ClientScript.RegisterClientScriptBlock(this.GetType(), "Added", scrip); int areas = amount - Convert.ToInt32(InstallmentPaidBox.Text); int forwarded = Convert.ToInt32(BalanceBroughtTextBox.Text) + Convert.ToInt32(InstallmentPaidBox.Text); if (firsttime.Checked) { int balance = areas + Convert.ToInt32(PenaltyDue.Text) + Convert.ToInt32(InterestDue.Text); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("insert into Cash_Position(Member_No,Welfare_Amount, BFWD,Amount,Installment_Paid,Loan_Repayment,Principal_Payment,Interest_Paid,Interest_Due,Loan_Balance,Penalty_Paid,Penalty_Due,Installment_Arrears,CFWD,Balance_Due,Date_Prepared,Prepared_By) values(@a,@b,@c,@d,@e,@)f,@g,@h,@i,@j,@k,@l,@m,@n,@o,@p,@q", con); cmd.Parameters.Add("@a", SqlDbType.Int).Value = MemberNumberTextBox.Text; cmd.Parameters.Add("@b", SqlDbType.Int).Value = WelfareAmount.Text; cmd.Parameters.Add("@c", SqlDbType.Int).Value = BalanceBroughtTextBox.Text; cmd.Parameters.Add("@d", SqlDbType.Int).Value = amounts; cmd.Parameters.Add("@e", SqlDbType.Int).Value = InstallmentPaidBox.Text; cmd.Parameters.Add("@f", SqlDbType.Int).Value = loans; cmd.Parameters.Add("@g", SqlDbType.Int).Value = PrincipalPaid.Text; cmd.Parameters.Add("@h", SqlDbType.Int).Value = InterestDue.Text; cmd.Parameters.Add("@i", SqlDbType.Int).Value = InterestDue.Text; cmd.Parameters.Add("@j", SqlDbType.Int).Value = 0; cmd.Parameters.Add("@k", SqlDbType.Int).Value = PenaltyPaid.Text; cmd.Parameters.Add("@l", SqlDbType.Int).Value = PenaltyDue.Text; cmd.Parameters.Add("@m", SqlDbType.Int).Value = areas; cmd.Parameters.Add("@n", SqlDbType.Int).Value = forwarded; cmd.Parameters.Add("@o", SqlDbType.Int).Value = balance; cmd.Parameters.Add("@p", SqlDbType.Date).Value = date; cmd.Parameters.Add("@q", SqlDbType.Text).Value = PreparedBy.Text; int rows = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); con.Close();

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• Get the Dynamic table data from gui in selenium webDriver

  - by Rabindra

  I am working on a web based Application that I am testing with Selenium. On one page the content is dynamically loaded in table. I want to get the Table data, i am geting a "org.openqa.selenium.NullPointerElementException" in this line. WebElement table = log.driver.findElement(By.xpath(tableXpath)); I tried the following complete code. public int selectfromtable(String tableXpath, String CompareValue, int columnnumber) throws Exception { WebElement table = log.driver.findElement(By.xpath(tableXpath)); List<WebElement> rows = table.findElements(By.tagName("tr")); int flag = 0; for (WebElement row : rows) { List<WebElement> cells = row.findElements(By.tagName("td")); if (!cells.isEmpty() && cells.get(columnnumber).getText().equals(CompareValue)) { flag = 1; Thread.sleep(1000); break; } else { Thread.sleep(2000); flag = 0; } } return flag; } I am calling the above method like String tableXpath = ".//*[@id='event_list']/form/div[1]/table/tbody/tr/td/div/table"; selectfromtable(tableXpath, eventType, 3); my html page is like <table width="100%"> <tbody style="overflow: auto; background-color: #FFFFFF"> <tr class="trOdd"> <td width="2%" align="center"> <td width="20%" align="center"> Account </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> Enter Collection </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <td width="20%" align="center"> 10 </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> 1 </td> </tr> </tbody> <tbody style="overflow: auto; background-color: #FFFFFF"> <tr class="trEven"> <td width="2%" align="center"> <td width="20%" align="center"> Account </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> Resolved From Collection </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <td width="20%" align="center"> 10 </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> 1 </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

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• CoreData, transient atribute and EXC_BAD_ACCESS.

  - by Lukasz

  I'm trying to build simple file browser and i'm stuck. I defined classes, build window, add controllers, views.. Everything works but only ONE time. Selecting again Folder in NSTableView or trying to get data from Folder.files causing silent EXC_BAD_ACCESS (code=13, address0x0) from main. Info about files i keep outside of CoreData, in simple class, I don't want to save them: #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface TPDrawersFileInfo : NSObject @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString * filename; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString * extension; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSDate * creation; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSDate * modified; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSNumber * isFile; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSNumber * size; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSNumber * label; +(TPDrawersFileInfo *) initWithURL: (NSURL *) url; @end @implementation TPDrawersFileInfo +(TPDrawersFileInfo *) initWithURL: (NSURL *) url { TPDrawersFileInfo * new = [[TPDrawersFileInfo alloc] init]; if (new!=nil) { NSFileManager * fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; NSError * error; NSDictionary * infoDict = [fileManager attributesOfItemAtPath: [url path] error:&error]; id labelValue = nil; [url getResourceValue:&labelValue forKey:NSURLLabelNumberKey error:&error]; new.label = labelValue; new.size = [infoDict objectForKey: @"NSFileSize"]; new.modified = [infoDict objectForKey: @"NSFileModificationDate"]; new.creation = [infoDict objectForKey: @"NSFileCreationDate"]; new.isFile = [NSNumber numberWithBool:[[infoDict objectForKey:@"NSFileType"] isEqualToString:@"NSFileTypeRegular"]]; new.extension = [url pathExtension]; new.filename = [[url lastPathComponent] stringByDeletingPathExtension]; } return new; } Next I have class Folder, which is NSManagesObject subclass // Managed Object class to keep info about folder content @interface Folder : NSManagedObject { NSArray * _files; } @property (nonatomic, retain) NSArray * files; // Array with TPDrawersFileInfo objects @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString * url; // url of folder -(void) reload; //if url changed, load file info again. @end @implementation Folder @synthesize files = _files; @dynamic url; -(void)awakeFromInsert { [self addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"url" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:@"url"]; } -(void)awakeFromFetch { [self addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"url" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:@"url"]; } -(void)prepareForDeletion { [self removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"url"]; } -(void) observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary *)change context:(void *)context { if (context == @"url") { [self reload]; } } -(void) reload { NSMutableArray * result = [NSMutableArray array]; NSError * error = nil; NSFileManager * fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; NSString * percented = [self.url stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSArray * listDir = [fileManager contentsOfDirectoryAtURL: [NSURL URLWithString: percented] includingPropertiesForKeys: [NSArray arrayWithObject: NSURLCreationDateKey ] options:NSDirectoryEnumerationSkipsHiddenFiles error:&error]; if (error!=nil) {NSLog(@"Error <%@> reading <%@> content", error, self.url);} for (id fileURL in listDir) { TPDrawersFileInfo * fi = [TPDrawersFileInfo initWithURL:fileURL]; [result addObject: fi]; } _files = [NSArray arrayWithArray:result]; } @end In app delegate i defined @interface TPAppDelegate : NSObject <NSApplicationDelegate> { IBOutlet NSArrayController * foldersController; Folder * currentFolder; } - (IBAction)chooseDirectory:(id)sender; // choose folder and - (Folder * ) getFolderObjectForPath: path { //gives Folder object if already exist or nil if not ..... } - (IBAction)chooseDirectory:(id)sender { //Opens panel, asking for url NSOpenPanel * panel = [NSOpenPanel openPanel]; [panel setCanChooseDirectories:YES]; [panel setCanChooseFiles:NO]; [panel setMessage:@"Choose folder to show:"]; NSURL * currentDirectory; if ([panel runModal] == NSOKButton) { currentDirectory = [[panel URLs] objectAtIndex:0]; } Folder * folderObject = [self getFolderObjectForPath:[currentDirectory path]]; if (folderObject) { //if exist: currentFolder = folderObject; } else { // create new one Folder * newFolder = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Folder" inManagedObjectContext:self.managedObjectContext]; [newFolder setValue:[currentDirectory path] forKey:@"url"]; [foldersController addObject:newFolder]; currentFolder = newFolder; } [foldersController setSelectedObjects:[NSArray arrayWithObject:currentFolder]]; } Please help ;)

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• 10000's+ UI elements, bind or draw?

  - by jpiccolo

  I am drawing a header for a timeline control. It looks like this: I go to 0.01 millisecond per line, so for a 10 minute timeline I am looking at drawing 60000 lines + 6000 labels. This takes a while, ~10 seconds. I would like to offload this from the UI thread. My code is currently: private void drawHeader() { Header.Children.Clear(); switch (viewLevel) { case ViewLevel.MilliSeconds100: double hWidth = Header.Width; this.drawHeaderLines(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, 10), 100, 5, hWidth); //Was looking into background worker to off load UI //backgroundWorker = new BackgroundWorker(); //backgroundWorker.DoWork += delegate(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs args) // { // this.drawHeaderLines(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, 10), 100, 5, hWidth); // }; //backgroundWorker.RunWorkerAsync(); break; } } private void drawHeaderLines(TimeSpan timeStep, int majorEveryXLine, int distanceBetweenLines, double headerWidth) { var currentTime = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, 0); const int everyXLine100 = 10; double currentX = 0; var currentLine = 0; while (currentX < headerWidth) { var l = new Line { ToolTip = currentTime.ToString(@"hh\:mm\:ss\.fff"), StrokeThickness = 1, X1 = 0, X2 = 0, Y1 = 30, Y2 = 25 }; if (((currentLine % majorEveryXLine) == 0) && currentLine != 0) { l.StrokeThickness = 2; l.Y2 = 15; var textBlock = new TextBlock { Text = l.ToolTip.ToString(), FontSize = 8, FontFamily = new FontFamily("Tahoma"), Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(255, 255, 255)) }; Canvas.SetLeft(textBlock, (currentX - 22)); Canvas.SetTop(textBlock, 0); Header.Children.Add(textBlock); } if ((((currentLine % everyXLine100) == 0) && currentLine != 0) && (currentLine % majorEveryXLine) != 0) { l.Y2 = 20; var textBlock = new TextBlock { Text = string.Format(".{0}", TimeSpan.Parse(l.ToolTip.ToString()).Milliseconds), FontSize = 8, FontFamily = new FontFamily("Tahoma"), Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(192, 192, 192)) }; Canvas.SetLeft(textBlock, (currentX - 8)); Canvas.SetTop(textBlock, 8); Header.Children.Add(textBlock); } l.Stroke = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(255, 255, 255)); Header.Children.Add(l); Canvas.SetLeft(l, currentX); currentX += distanceBetweenLines; currentLine++; currentTime += timeStep; } } I had looked into BackgroundWorker, except you can't create UI elements on a non-UI thread. Is it possible at all to do drawHeaderLines in a non-UI thread? Could I use data binding for drawing the lines? Would this help with UI responsiveness? I would imagine I can use databinding, but the Styling is probably beyond my current WPF ability (coming from winforms and trying to learn what all these style objects are and binding them). Would anyone be able to supply a starting point for tempting this out? Or Google a tutorial that would get me started?

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• Testing for Adjacent Cells In a Multi-level Grid

  - by Steve

  I'm designing an algorithm to test whether cells on a grid are adjacent or not. The catch is that the cells are not on a flat grid. They are on a multi-level grid such as the one drawn below. Level 1 (Top Level) | - - - - - | | A | B | C | | - - - - - | | D | E | F | | - - - - - | | G | H | I | | - - - - - | Level 2 | -Block A- | -Block B- | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | | - - - - - | - - - - - | | 4 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ... | - - - - - | - - - - - | | 7 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 9 | | - - - - - | - - - - - | | -Block D- | -Block E- | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | | - - - - - | - - - - - | | 4 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ... | - - - - - | - - - - - | | 7 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 9 | | - - - - - | - - - - - | . . . . . . This diagram is simplified from my actual need but the concept is the same. There is a top level block with many cells within it (level 1). Each block is further subdivided into many more cells (level 2). Those cells are further subdivided into level 3, 4 and 5 for my project but let's just stick to two levels for this question. I'm receiving inputs for my function in the form of "A8, A9, B7, D3". That's a list of cell Ids where each cell Id has the format (level 1 id)(level 2 id). Let's start by comparing just 2 cells, A8 and A9. That's easy because they are in the same block. private static RelativePosition getRelativePositionInTheSameBlock(String v1, String v2) { RelativePosition relativePosition; if( v1-v2 == -1 ) { relativePosition = RelativePosition.LEFT_OF; } else if (v1-v2 == 1) { relativePosition = RelativePosition.RIGHT_OF; } else if (v1-v2 == -BLOCK_WIDTH) { relativePosition = RelativePosition.TOP_OF; } else if (v1-v2 == BLOCK_WIDTH) { relativePosition = RelativePosition.BOTTOM_OF; } else { relativePosition = RelativePosition.NOT_ADJACENT; } return relativePosition; } An A9 - B7 comparison could be done by checking if A is a multiple of BLOCK_WIDTH and whether B is (A-BLOCK_WIDTH+1). Either that or just check naively if the A/B pair is 3-1, 6-4 or 9-7 for better readability. For B7 - D3, they are not adjacent but D3 is adjacent to A9 so I can do a similar adjacency test as above. So getting away from the little details and focusing on the big picture. Is this really the best way to do it? Keeping in mind the following points: I actually have 5 levels not 2, so I could potentially get a list like "A8A1A, A8A1B, B1A2A, B1A2B". Adding a new cell to compare still requires me to compare all the other cells before it (seems like the best I could do for this step is O(n)) The cells aren't all 3x3 blocks, they're just that way for my example. They could be MxN blocks with different M and N for different levels. In my current implementation above, I have separate functions to check adjacency if the cells are in the same blocks, if they are in separate horizontally adjacent blocks or if they are in separate vertically adjacent blocks. That means I have to know the position of the two blocks at the current level before I call one of those functions for the layer below. Judging by the complexity of having to deal with mulitple functions for different edge cases at different levels and having 5 levels of nested if statements. I'm wondering if another design is more suitable. Perhaps a more recursive solution, use of other data structures, or perhaps map the entire multi-level grid to a single-level grid (my quick calculations gives me about 700,000+ atomic cell ids). Even if I go that route, mapping from multi-level to single level is a non-trivial task in itself.

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• Parallelism in .NET – Part 1, Decomposition

  - by Reed

  The first step in designing any parallelized system is Decomposition.  Decomposition is nothing more than taking a problem space and breaking it into discrete parts.  When we want to work in parallel, we need to have at least two separate things that we are trying to run.  We do this by taking our problem and decomposing it into parts. There are two common abstractions that are useful when discussing parallel decomposition: Data Decomposition and Task Decomposition.  These two abstractions allow us to think about our problem in a way that helps leads us to correct decision making in terms of the algorithms we’ll use to parallelize our routine. To start, I will make a couple of minor points. I’d like to stress that Decomposition has nothing to do with specific algorithms or techniques.  It’s about how you approach and think about the problem, not how you solve the problem using a specific tool, technique, or library.  Decomposing the problem is about constructing the appropriate mental model: once this is done, you can choose the appropriate design and tools, which is a subject for future posts. Decomposition, being unrelated to tools or specific techniques, is not specific to .NET in any way.  This should be the first step to parallelizing a problem, and is valid using any framework, language, or toolset.  However, this gives us a starting point – without a proper understanding of decomposition, it is difficult to understand the proper usage of specific classes and tools within the .NET framework. Data Decomposition is often the simpler abstraction to use when trying to parallelize a routine.  In order to decompose our problem domain by data, we take our entire set of data and break it into smaller, discrete portions, or chunks.  We then work on each chunk in the data set in parallel. This is particularly useful if we can process each element of data independently of the rest of the data.  In a situation like this, there are some wonderfully simple techniques we can use to take advantage of our data.  By decomposing our domain by data, we can very simply parallelize our routines.  In general, we, as developers, should be always searching for data that can be decomposed. Finding data to decompose if fairly simple, in many instances.  Data decomposition is typically used with collections of data.  Any time you have a collection of items, and you’re going to perform work on or with each of the items, you potentially have a situation where parallelism can be exploited.  This is fairly easy to do in practice: look for iteration statements in your code, such as for and foreach. Granted, every for loop is not a candidate to be parallelized.  If the collection is being modified as it’s iterated, or the processing of elements depends on other elements, the iteration block may need to be processed in serial.  However, if this is not the case, data decomposition may be possible. Let’s look at one example of how we might use data decomposition.  Suppose we were working with an image, and we were applying a simple contrast stretching filter.  When we go to apply the filter, once we know the minimum and maximum values, we can apply this to each pixel independently of the other pixels.  This means that we can easily decompose this problem based off data – we will do the same operation, in parallel, on individual chunks of data (each pixel). Task Decomposition, on the other hand, is focused on the individual tasks that need to be performed instead of focusing on the data.  In order to decompose our problem domain by tasks, we need to think about our algorithm in terms of discrete operations, or tasks, which can then later be parallelized. Task decomposition, in practice, can be a bit more tricky than data decomposition.  Here, we need to look at what our algorithm actually does, and how it performs its actions.  Once we have all of the basic steps taken into account, we can try to analyze them and determine whether there are any constraints in terms of shared data or ordering.  There are no simple things to look for in terms of finding tasks we can decompose for parallelism; every algorithm is unique in terms of its tasks, so every algorithm will have unique opportunities for task decomposition. For example, say we want our software to perform some customized actions on startup, prior to showing our main screen.  Perhaps we want to check for proper licensing, notify the user if the license is not valid, and also check for updates to the program.  Once we verify the license, and that there are no updates, we’ll start normally.  In this case, we can decompose this problem into tasks – we have a few tasks, but there are at least two discrete, independent tasks (check licensing, check for updates) which we can perform in parallel.  Once those are completed, we will continue on with our other tasks. One final note – Data Decomposition and Task Decomposition are not mutually exclusive.  Often, you’ll mix the two approaches while trying to parallelize a single routine.  It’s possible to decompose your problem based off data, then further decompose the processing of each element of data based on tasks.  This just provides a framework for thinking about our algorithms, and for discussing the problem.

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• How do I reinstate my admin user privileges to global read/write

  - by Matt

  I am running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I only have the one user which I created when I installed Ubuntu. Everything has been fine - love it - until I updated a software package recently from the command line using sudo (not gksudo). I was having a little bother which did not make sense to me and in a fluff changed my user read/write privileges through the GUI (not even clear how I got there!). After restart I was stuck in a login loop - using the right login password but kept getting looped back to the login and could only login as Guest. I could still login with my user/password via ctrl + alt + f1 Eventually I was able to login again at start up. Not sure exactly what it was I changed that worked but it was one of/or a combination of installing latest security updates, changing login manager from LightDM to DGM and back again, removing the ICE/Xauthority and chown user. Current dilemma is my primary admin user privileges were read only. In the command line ls -ls /home/user returned this value: drwx------ 48 username username 20480 I have since changed this using sudo chmod 0755 /home/username (from my limited understanding 755 should return my user privileges to their original read/write glory). ls -ld /home/user currently shows my user privileges as: drwxr-xr-x 48 username username 20480 I still seem to have only read access permissions. I've been through lots of threads (and the help file) that talk about creating new users/groups permissions etc. but specific info on returning my existing global/admin/primary users privileges to what they were when I first created that user - baffling me. I feel this is something really simple I'm just not getting it. Please help! sudo mount /dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /proc type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusect1 (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=07pe tmpfs55) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw, ,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880 none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/meng/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=meng) none on /tmp/guest-1R2Fi5 type tmpsf (rw,mode=700)

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• validating an XML schema with empty attributes

  - by AdRock

  I am having trouble validating my xml schema. I get these errors on the schema 113: 18 s4s-elt-invalid-content.1: The content of '#AnonType_user' is invalid. 164: 17 s4s-elt-invalid-content.1: The content of '#AnonType_festival' is invalid. Element 'sequence' is invalid, misplaced, or occurs too often. and becuase of those 2 errors, i am getting loads of the same error. This is becuase the attribute id of the festival tag may be empty becuase there is not data for that festival cvc-datatype-valid.1.2.1: '' is not a valid value for 'integer'. cvc-attribute.3: The value '' of attribute 'id' on element 'festival' is not valid with respect to its type, 'integer'. The lines in the schema causing the problems are <xs:element name="user"> <xs:complexType> <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:integer"/> <xs:sequence> <xs:element ref="personal"/> <xs:element ref="account"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> <xs:element name="festival"> <xs:complexType> <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:integer" user="optional"/> <xs:sequence> <xs:element ref="event"/> <xs:element ref="contact"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> This is a snippet from my XML file. One user has a festival and the other doesn't <member> <user id="3"> <personal> <name>Skye Saunders</name> <sex>Female</sex> <address1>31 Anns Court</address1> <address2></address2> <city>Cirencester</city> <county>Gloucestershire</county> <postcode>GL7 1JG</postcode> <telephone>01958303514</telephone> <mobile>07260491667</mobile> <email>[email protected]</email> </personal> <account> <username>BigUndecided</username> <password>ea297847f80e046ca24a8621f4068594</password> <userlevel>2</userlevel> <signupdate>2010-03-26T09:23:50</signupdate> </account> </user> <festival id=""> <event> <eventname></eventname> <url></url> <datefrom></datefrom> <dateto></dateto> <location></location> <eventpostcode></eventpostcode> <coords> <lat></lat> <lng></lng> </coords> </event> <contact> <conname></conname> <conaddress1></conaddress1> <conaddress2></conaddress2> <concity></concity> <concounty></concounty> <conpostcode></conpostcode> <contelephone></contelephone> <conmobile></conmobile> <fax></fax> <conemail></conemail> </contact> </festival> </member> <member> <user id="4"> <personal> <name>Connor Lawson</name> <sex>Male</sex> <address1>12 Ash Way</address1> <address2></address2> <city>Swindon</city> <county>Wiltshire</county> <postcode>SN3 6GS</postcode> <telephone>01791928119</telephone> <mobile>07338695664</mobile> <email>[email protected]</email> </personal> <account> <username>iTuneStinker</username> <password>3a1f5fda21a07bfff20c41272bae7192</password> <userlevel>3</userlevel> <signupdate>2010-03-26T09:23:50</signupdate> </account> </user> <festival id="1"> <event> <eventname>Oxford Folk Festival</eventname> <url>http://www.oxfordfolkfestival.com/</url> <datefrom>2010-04-07</datefrom> <dateto>2010-04-09</dateto> <location>Oxford</location> <eventpostcode>OX19BE</eventpostcode> <coords> <lat>51.735640</lat> <lng>-1.276136</lng> </coords> </event> <contact> <conname>Stuart Vincent</conname> <conaddress1>P.O. Box 642</conaddress1> <conaddress2></conaddress2> <concity>Oxford</concity> <concounty>Bedfordshire</concounty> <conpostcode>OX13BY</conpostcode> <contelephone>01865 79073</contelephone> <conmobile></conmobile> <fax></fax> <conemail>[email protected]</conemail> </contact> </festival> </member> This is my schema <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified"> <xs:simpleType name="postcode"> <xs:restriction base="xs:string"> <xs:minLength value="6"/> <xs:maxLength value="8"/> </xs:restriction> </xs:simpleType> <xs:simpleType name="telephone"> <xs:restriction base="xs:string"> <xs:minLength value="10"/> <xs:maxLength value="13"/> </xs:restriction> </xs:simpleType> <xs:simpleType name="mobile"> <xs:restriction base="xs:string"> <xs:minLength value="11"/> <xs:maxLength value="11"/> </xs:restriction> </xs:simpleType> <xs:simpleType name="password"> <xs:restriction base="xs:string"> <xs:minLength value="32"/> <xs:maxLength value="32"/> </xs:restriction> </xs:simpleType> <xs:simpleType name="userlevel"> <xs:restriction base="xs:integer"> <xs:enumeration value="1"/> <xs:enumeration value="2"/> <xs:enumeration value="3"/> <xs:enumeration value="4"/> </xs:restriction> </xs:simpleType> <xs:simpleType name="county"> <xs:restriction base="xs:string"> <xs:enumeration value="Bedfordshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Berkshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Bristol"/> <xs:enumeration value="Buckinghamshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Cambridgeshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Cheshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Cleveland"/> <xs:enumeration value="Cornwall"/> <xs:enumeration value="Cumberland"/> <xs:enumeration value="Derbyshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Devon"/> <xs:enumeration value="Dorset"/> <xs:enumeration value="Durham"/> <xs:enumeration value="East Ridings Of Yorkshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Essex"/> <xs:enumeration value="Gloucestershire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Hampshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Herefordshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Hertfordshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Huntingdonshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Isle Of Man"/> <xs:enumeration value="Kent"/> <xs:enumeration value="Lancashire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Leicestershire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Lincolnshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="London"/> <xs:enumeration value="Middlesex"/> <xs:enumeration value="Norfolk"/> <xs:enumeration value="North Yorkshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Northamptonshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Northumberland"/> <xs:enumeration value="Nottinghamshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Oxfordshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Rutland"/> <xs:enumeration value="Shropshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Somerset"/> <xs:enumeration value="South Yorkshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Staffordshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Suffolk"/> <xs:enumeration value="Surrey"/> <xs:enumeration value="Sussex"/> <xs:enumeration value="Tyne and Wear"/> <xs:enumeration value="Warwickshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="West Yorkshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Westmorland"/> <xs:enumeration value="Wiltshire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Wirral"/> <xs:enumeration value="Worcestershire"/> <xs:enumeration value="Yorkshire"/> </xs:restriction> </xs:simpleType> <xs:element name="folktask"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="member"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> <xs:element name="member"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> <xs:element ref="user" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> <xs:element ref="festival" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> <xs:element name="user"> <xs:complexType> <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:integer"/> <xs:sequence> <xs:element ref="personal"/> <xs:element ref="account"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> <xs:element name="personal"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> <xs:element ref="name"/> <xs:element ref="sex"/> <xs:element ref="address1"/> <xs:element ref="address2"/> <xs:element ref="city"/> <xs:element ref="county"/> <xs:element ref="postcode"/> <xs:element ref="telephone"/> <xs:element ref="mobile"/> <xs:element ref="email"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> <xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="sex" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="address1" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="address2" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="city" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="county" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="postcode" type="postcode"/> <xs:element name="telephone" type="telephone"/> <xs:element name="mobile" type="mobile"/> <xs:element name="email" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="account"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> <xs:element ref="username"/> <xs:element ref="password"/> <xs:element ref="userlevel"/> <xs:element ref="signupdate"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> <xs:element name="username" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="password" type="password"/> <xs:element name="userlevel" type="userlevel"/> <xs:element name="signupdate" type="xs:dateTime"/> <xs:element name="festival"> <xs:complexType> <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:integer" user="optional"/> <xs:sequence> <xs:element ref="event"/> <xs:element ref="contact"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> <xs:element name="event"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> <xs:element ref="eventname"/> <xs:element ref="url"/> <xs:element ref="datefrom"/> <xs:element ref="dateto"/> <xs:element ref="location"/> <xs:element ref="eventpostcode"/> <xs:element ref="coords"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> <xs:element name="eventname" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="url" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="datefrom" type="xs:date"/> <xs:element name="dateto" type="xs:date"/> <xs:element name="location" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="eventpostcode" type="postcode"/> <xs:element name="coords"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> <xs:element ref="lat"/> <xs:element ref="lng"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> <xs:element name="lat" type="xs:decimal"/> <xs:element name="lng" type="xs:decimal"/> <xs:element name="contact"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> <xs:element ref="conname"/> <xs:element ref="conaddress1"/> <xs:element ref="conaddress2"/> <xs:element ref="concity"/> <xs:element ref="concounty"/> <xs:element ref="conpostcode"/> <xs:element ref="contelephone"/> <xs:element ref="conmobile"/> <xs:element ref="fax"/> <xs:element ref="conemail"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> <xs:element name="conname" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="conaddress1" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="conaddress2" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="concity" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="concounty" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="conpostcode" type="postcode"/> <xs:element name="contelephone" type="telephone"/> <xs:element name="conmobile" type="mobile"/> <xs:element name="fax" type="telephone"/> <xs:element name="conemail" type="xs:string"/> </xs:schema>

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• Binary data instead of actual image in C#

  - by acadia

  Hello, I am using the below mentioned library to create a barcode which is storing in a specified location as shown below: My question is, is there a way instead of saving it to a png file I get byte data? thanks Code39 code = new Code39("10090"); code.Paint().Save("c:/NewBARCODE.png", ImageFormat.Png); using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Drawing; using System.Drawing.Imaging; using System.Diagnostics; namespace BarCode39 { public class Code39Settings { private int height = 60; public int BarCodeHeight { get { return height; } set { height = value; } } private bool drawText = true; public bool DrawText { get { return drawText; } set { drawText = value; } } private int leftMargin = 10; public int LeftMargin { get { return leftMargin; } set { leftMargin = value; } } private int rightMargin = 10; public int RightMargin { get { return rightMargin; } set { rightMargin = value; } } private int topMargin = 10; public int TopMargin { get { return topMargin; } set { topMargin = value; } } private int bottomMargin = 10; public int BottomMargin { get { return bottomMargin; } set { bottomMargin = value; } } private int interCharacterGap = 2; public int InterCharacterGap { get { return interCharacterGap; } set { interCharacterGap = value; } } private int wideWidth = 2; public int WideWidth { get { return wideWidth; } set { wideWidth = value; } } private int narrowWidth = 1; public int NarrowWidth { get { return narrowWidth; } set { narrowWidth = value; } } private Font font = new Font(FontFamily.GenericSansSerif, 12); public Font Font { get { return font; } set { font = value; } } private int codeToTextGapHeight = 10; public int BarCodeToTextGapHeight { get { return codeToTextGapHeight; } set { codeToTextGapHeight = value; } } } public class Code39 { #region Static initialization static Dictionary<char, Pattern> codes; static Code39() { object[][] chars = new object[][] { new object[] {'0', "n n n w w n w n n"}, new object[] {'1', "w n n w n n n n w"}, new object[] {'2', "n n w w n n n n w"}, new object[] {'3', "w n w w n n n n n"}, new object[] {'4', "n n n w w n n n w"}, new object[] {'5', "w n n w w n n n n"}, new object[] {'6', "n n w w w n n n n"}, new object[] {'7', "n n n w n n w n w"}, new object[] {'8', "w n n w n n w n n"}, new object[] {'9', "n n w w n n w n n"}, new object[] {'A', "w n n n n w n n w"}, new object[] {'B', "n n w n n w n n w"}, new object[] {'C', "w n w n n w n n n"}, new object[] {'D', "n n n n w w n n w"}, new object[] {'E', "w n n n w w n n n"}, new object[] {'F', "n n w n w w n n n"}, new object[] {'G', "n n n n n w w n w"}, new object[] {'H', "w n n n n w w n n"}, new object[] {'I', "n n w n n w w n n"}, new object[] {'J', "n n n n w w w n n"}, new object[] {'K', "w n n n n n n w w"}, new object[] {'L', "n n w n n n n w w"}, new object[] {'M', "w n w n n n n w n"}, new object[] {'N', "n n n n w n n w w"}, new object[] {'O', "w n n n w n n w n"}, new object[] {'P', "n n w n w n n w n"}, new object[] {'Q', "n n n n n n w w w"}, new object[] {'R', "w n n n n n w w n"}, new object[] {'S', "n n w n n n w w n"}, new object[] {'T', "n n n n w n w w n"}, new object[] {'U', "w w n n n n n n w"}, new object[] {'V', "n w w n n n n n w"}, new object[] {'W', "w w w n n n n n n"}, new object[] {'X', "n w n n w n n n w"}, new object[] {'Y', "w w n n w n n n n"}, new object[] {'Z', "n w w n w n n n n"}, new object[] {'-', "n w n n n n w n w"}, new object[] {'.', "w w n n n n w n n"}, new object[] {' ', "n w w n n n w n n"}, new object[] {'*', "n w n n w n w n n"}, new object[] {'$', "n w n w n w n n n"}, new object[] {'/', "n w n w n n n w n"}, new object[] {'+', "n w n n n w n w n"}, new object[] {'%', "n n n w n w n w n"} }; codes = new Dictionary<char, Pattern>(); foreach (object[] c in chars) codes.Add((char)c[0], Pattern.Parse((string)c[1])); } #endregion private static Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Black); private static Brush brush = Brushes.Black; private string code; private Code39Settings settings; public Code39(string code) : this(code, new Code39Settings()) { } public Code39(string code, Code39Settings settings) { foreach (char c in code) if (!codes.ContainsKey(c)) throw new ArgumentException("Invalid character encountered in specified code."); if (!code.StartsWith("*")) code = "*" + code; if (!code.EndsWith("*")) code = code + "*"; this.code = code; this.settings = settings; } public Bitmap Paint() { string code = this.code.Trim('*'); SizeF sizeCodeText = Graphics.FromImage(new Bitmap(1, 1)).MeasureString(code, settings.Font); int w = settings.LeftMargin + settings.RightMargin; foreach (char c in this.code) w += codes[c].GetWidth(settings) + settings.InterCharacterGap; w -= settings.InterCharacterGap; int h = settings.TopMargin + settings.BottomMargin + settings.BarCodeHeight; if (settings.DrawText) h += settings.BarCodeToTextGapHeight + (int)sizeCodeText.Height; Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(w, h, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb); Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp); int left = settings.LeftMargin; foreach (char c in this.code) left += codes[c].Paint(settings, g, left) + settings.InterCharacterGap; if (settings.DrawText) { int tX = settings.LeftMargin + (w - settings.LeftMargin - settings.RightMargin - (int)sizeCodeText.Width) / 2; if (tX < 0) tX = 0; int tY = settings.TopMargin + settings.BarCodeHeight + settings.BarCodeToTextGapHeight; g.DrawString(code, settings.Font, brush, tX, tY); } return bmp; } private class Pattern { private bool[] nw = new bool[9]; public static Pattern Parse(string s) { Debug.Assert(s != null); s = s.Replace(" ", "").ToLower(); Debug.Assert(s.Length == 9); Debug.Assert(s.Replace("n", "").Replace("w", "").Length == 0); Pattern p = new Pattern(); int i = 0; foreach (char c in s) p.nw[i++] = c == 'w'; return p; } public int GetWidth(Code39Settings settings) { int width = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) width += (nw[i] ? settings.WideWidth : settings.NarrowWidth); return width; } public int Paint(Code39Settings settings, Graphics g, int left) { #if DEBUG Rectangle gray = new Rectangle(left, 0, GetWidth(settings), settings.BarCodeHeight + settings.TopMargin + settings.BottomMargin); g.FillRectangle(Brushes.Gray, gray); #endif int x = left; int w = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) { int width = (nw[i] ? settings.WideWidth : settings.NarrowWidth); if (i % 2 == 0) { Rectangle r = new Rectangle(x, settings.TopMargin, width, settings.BarCodeHeight); g.FillRectangle(brush, r); } x += width; w += width; } return w; } } } }

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• Abstract Data Type: Any1 can help me this? thanks..

  - by Aga Hibaya

  Objectives: Implement the Abstract Data Type (ADT) List using dynamically allocated arrays and structures. Description A LIST is an ordered collection of items where items may be inserted anywhere in the list. Implement a LIST using an array as follows: struct list { int *items; // pointer to the array int size; // actual size of the array int count; // number of items in the array }; typedef struct list *List; // pointer to the structure Implement the following functions: a) List newList(int size); - will create a new List and return its pointer. Allocate space for the structure, allocate space for the array, then initialize size and count, return the pointer. b) void isEmpty(List list); c) void display(List list); d) int contains(List list, int item); e) void remove(List list, int i) ; f) void insertAfter(List list,int item, int i); g) void addEnd(List list,int item) - add item at the end of the list – simply store the data at position count, then increment count. If the array is full, allocate an array twice as big as the original. count = 5 size = 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 10 15 20 30 addEnd(list,40) will result to count = 6 size = 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 10 15 20 30 40 h) void addFront(List list,int item) - shift all elements to the right so that the item can be placed at position 0, then increment count. Bonus: if the array is full, allocate an array twice as big as the original. count = 5 size = 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 10 15 20 30 addFront(list,40) will result to count = 6 size = 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 5 10 15 20 30 i) void removeFront(List list) - shift all elements to the left and decrement count; count = 6 size = 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 5 10 15 20 30 removeFront(list) will result to count = 5 size = 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 10 15 20 30 j) void remove(List list,int item) - get the index of the item in the list and then shift all elements to the count = 6 size = 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 5 10 15 20 30 remove(list,10) will result to count = 5 size = 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 5 15 20 30 Remarks

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• How do I refactor these two C# functions to abstract their logic from the specific class properties

  - by ObligatoryMoniker

  I have two functions whose underlying logic is the same but in one case it sets one property value on a class and in another case it sets a different one. How can I rewrite the following two functions to abstract away as much of the algorithm as possible so that I can make changes in logic in a single place? SetBillingAddress private void SetBillingAddress(OrderAddress newBillingAddress) { BasketHelper basketHelper = new BasketHelper(SiteConstants.BasketName); OrderAddress oldBillingAddress = basketHelper.Basket.Addresses[basketHelper.BillingAddressID]; bool NewBillingAddressIsNotOldBillingAddress = ((oldBillingAddress == null) || (newBillingAddress.OrderAddressId != oldBillingAddress.OrderAddressId)); bool BillingAddressHasBeenPreviouslySet = (oldBillingAddress != null); bool BillingAddressIsNotSameAsShippingAddress = (basketHelper.ShippingAddressID != basketHelper.BillingAddressID); bool NewBillingAddressIsNotShippingAddress = (newBillingAddress.OrderAddressId != basketHelper.ShippingAddressID); if (NewBillingAddressIsNotOldBillingAddress && BillingAddressHasBeenPreviouslySet && BillingAddressIsNotSameAsShippingAddress) { basketHelper.Basket.Addresses.Remove(oldBillingAddress); } if (NewBillingAddressIsNotOldBillingAddress && NewBillingAddressIsNotShippingAddress) { basketHelper.Basket.Addresses.Add(newBillingAddress); } basketHelper.BillingAddressID = newBillingAddress.OrderAddressId; basketHelper.Basket.Save(); } And here is the second one: SetShippingAddress private void SetBillingAddress(OrderAddress newShippingAddress) { BasketHelper basketHelper = new BasketHelper(SiteConstants.BasketName); OrderAddress oldShippingAddress = basketHelper.Basket.Addresses[basketHelper.ShippingAddressID]; bool NewShippingAddressIsNotOldShippingAddress = ((oldShippingAddress == null) || (newShippingAddress.OrderAddressId != oldShippingAddress.OrderAddressId)); bool ShippingAddressHasBeenPreviouslySet = (oldShippingAddress != null); bool ShippingAddressIsNotSameAsBillingAddress = (basketHelper.ShippingAddressID != basketHelper.BillingAddressID); bool NewShippingAddressIsNotBillingAddress = (newShippingAddress.OrderAddressId != basketHelper.BillingAddressID); if (NewShippingAddressIsNotOldShippingAddress && ShippingAddressHasBeenPreviouslySet && ShippingAddressIsNotSameAsBillingAddress) { basketHelper.Basket.Addresses.Remove(oldShippingAddress); } if (NewShippingAddressIsNotOldShippingAddress && NewShippingAddressIsNotBillingAddress) { basketHelper.Basket.Addresses.Add(newShippingAddress); } basketHelper.ShippingAddressID = newShippingAddress.OrderAddressId; basketHelper.Basket.Save(); } My initial thought was that if I could pass a class's property by refernce then I could rewrite the previous functions into something like private void SetPurchaseOrderAddress(OrderAddress newAddress, ref String CurrentChangingAddressIDProperty) and then call this function and pass in either basketHelper.BillingAddressID or basketHelper.ShippingAddressID as CurrentChangingAddressIDProperty but since I can't pass C# properties by reference I am not sure what to do with this code to be able to reuse the logic in both places. Thanks for any insight you can give me.

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• Updated data is not loaded in the same browser(using Ajax )

  - by Mouli

  Initilly load some datas into dropdown list. It contain company code and company related fields in Textbox. Using Ajax to load the company related Fields in onchange Function I edit the company related fields and update it. Its updated Successfully then i Click the back button and refresh the browser. I select the updated company form the dropdown list. It always list the old value insted of updated data. I want to show the updated fields into corresponding textbox. This part of coding is to load the companyname into dropdown list <% DBAccess dbAccess = Util.initDatabaseAccess(); ResultSet rs = null; ResultSet rsEdit = null; int updateSuccess = 0; String button = request.getParameter("saveAction"); rs = dbAccess.executeQuery("select companyname,Companycode,companyid from yosemitecompany where cmpstatus=1 order by companyname"); %> My Ajax function <script> function showCompanyDetails(str) { if (str=="") { document.getElementById("CompanyName").innerHTML=""; return; } if (window.XMLHttpRequest) { xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); } else { xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function() { if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200) { var resValue=new Array(); resValue = xmlhttp.responseText.split("$"); document.getElementById("CompanyName").value=resValue[0]; document.getElementById("StreetName1").value=(resValue[1]!=null && !resValue[1].equalsIgnoreCase("null") && resValue[1].length>0?resValue[1]:""); document.getElementById("StreetName2").value=(resValue[2]!=null && !resValue[2].equalsIgnoreCase("null") && resValue[2].length>0?resValue[2]:""); document.getElementById("City").value=(resValue[3]!=null && !resValue[3].equalsIgnoreCase("null") && resValue[3].length>0?resValue[3]:""); document.getElementById("Zipcode").value=trim((resValue[5]!=null && !resValue[5].equalsIgnoreCase("null") && resValue[5].length>0?resValue[5]:"")); document.getElementById("officePhone").value=(resValue[6]!=null && !resValue[6].equalsIgnoreCase("null") && resValue[6].length>0?resValue[6]:""); document.getElementById("Fax1").value=(resValue[7]!=null && !resValue[7].equalsIgnoreCase("null") && resValue[7].length>0?resValue[7]:""); document.getElementById("email").value=(resValue[8]!=null && !resValue[8].equalsIgnoreCase("null") && resValue[8].length>0?resValue[8]:""); document.getElementById("WebSite").value=(resValue[9]!=null && !resValue[9].equalsIgnoreCase("null") && resValue[9].length>0?resValue[9]:""); document.getElementById("description").value=(resValue[10]!=null && !resValue[10].equalsIgnoreCase("null") && resValue[10].length>0?resValue[10]:""); document.getElementById("companycode").value=resValue[11]; document.getElementById("tempCompanyId").value=resValue[12]; document.getElementById("tempStateId").value=resValue[13]; stateID = resValue[13]; countryID = resValue[14]; processAjaxRequestPost('ajaxRequestPost','SingleListHandler','getCountryListDetails', document.getElementById("tempCompanyId").value); showTimezone(resValue[15]); document.getElementById("userName").value=resValue[16]; document.getElementById("passWord").value=resValue[17]; } } xmlhttp.open("GET","customerDetail.jsp?val="+str,true); xmlhttp.send(); } </script> My Update function <%if(updateSuccess <= 0){ if(button != null && button.equalsIgnoreCase("update")) { String companyCode = request.getParameter("companycode").trim(); String companyName = request.getParameter("CompanyName").trim(); String StreetName1 = request.getParameter("StreetName1").trim(); String StreetName2 = request.getParameter("StreetName2").trim(); String City = request.getParameter("City").trim(); String Zipcode = request.getParameter("Zipcode").trim(); String officePhone = request.getParameter("officePhone").trim(); String Fax1 = request.getParameter("Fax1").trim(); String email = request.getParameter("email").trim(); String WebSite = request.getParameter("WebSite").trim(); String description = request.getParameter("description").trim(); String companyid = request.getParameter("tempCompanyId").trim(); String stateId = request.getParameter("tempStateId").trim(); String timeZone = request.getParameter("timezone").trim(); String uploadCustomerLogo = request.getParameter("uploadCustomerLogo").trim(); String userName = request.getParameter("userName").trim(); String passWord = request.getParameter("passWord").trim(); String smtpInsertFlag = "NO"; String getCompanyId = null; updateSuccess = dbAccess.executeUpdate("update yosemitecompany set companyname='"+com.zoniac.util.Util.deQuoteForSingleQuote(companyName)+"', streetname1='"+com.zoniac.util.Util.deQuoteForSingleQuote(StreetName1)+"', streetname2='"+com.zoniac.util.Util.deQuoteForSingleQuote(StreetName2)+"', cityname='"+com.zoniac.util.Util.deQuoteForSingleQuote(City)+"', zipcode='"+com.zoniac.util.Util.deQuoteForSingleQuote(Zipcode)+"', phonenumber1='"+com.zoniac.util.Util.deQuoteForSingleQuote(officePhone)+"', fax1='"+com.zoniac.util.Util.deQuoteForSingleQuote(Fax1)+"', email1='"+com.zoniac.util.Util.deQuoteForSingleQuote(email)+"', website='"+com.zoniac.util.Util.deQuoteForSingleQuote(WebSite)+"', description='"+com.zoniac.util.Util.deQuoteForSingleQuote(description)+"',timezoneid="+timeZone+", stateid="+stateId+" where companyid='"+companyid+"'"); if(rs != null) { rs = null; dbAccess.close(); } } %> My customerDetail.jsp File <% String val = request.getParameter("val"); DBAccess dbAccess = Util.initDatabaseAccess(); ResultSet rs = null; String outputResult = null; String ff = "NO"; rs = dbAccess.executeQuery("select companyname,streetname1,streetname2,cityname,(select statename from state where stateid = (select stateid from yosemitecompany where companyid ="+val+"))as state,zipcode,phonenumber1,fax1,email1,website,description,companycode,companyid,(select stateid from state where stateid = (select stateid from yosemitecompany where companyid ="+val+"))as statecode,(select countryid from country where countryid =(select countryid from state where stateid = (select stateid from yosemitecompany where companyid ="+val+")))as countryid,timezoneid from yosemitecompany where companyid = "+val+""); if(rs.next()){ outputResult = rs.getString(1)+"$"+rs.getString(2)+"$"+rs.getString(3)+"$"+rs.getString(4)+"$"+rs.getString(5)+"$"+rs.getString(6)+"$"+rs.getString(7)+"$"+rs.getString(8)+"$"+rs.getString(9)+"$"+rs.getString(10)+"$"+rs.getString(11)+"$"+rs.getString(12)+"$"+rs.getString(13)+"$"+rs.getString(14)+"$"+rs.getString(15)+"$"+rs.getString(16); } rs = null; rs = dbAccess.executeQuery("select username,password from EMAILAUTHENTICATIONDETAILS where companyid="+val); if(rs.next()){ ff="YES"; outputResult += "$"+rs.getString(1)+"$"+rs.getString(2); } if(ff.equals("NO")){ outputResult += "$$"; } out.println(outputResult); outputResult = null; ff = "NO"; if(rs!=null) { rs = null; dbAccess.close(); } %>

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• Trying to add data to sql from link click and return results via jquery or ajax

  - by Jay Schires

  I am not familiar with jquery or ajax, but i do know it is whats needed to perform the action I want. I have created a wordpress plugin that updates a database table based on the users click. Right now it refreshes the page to return the results, but I want to stop the page refresh and return data via ajax I believe. If anyone is interested in helping me figure this out I would be very appreciative or even willing to pay. Thanks! Here is the plugin code: function BoardLikeItGetDelim($postid) { global $wp_rewrite; if($wp_rewrite->using_permalinks()) { if(isset($_GET['mbpost'])) return "?mbpost=".$postid."&"; return "?"; } else { if(isset($_GET['mbpost'])) return "&mbpost=".$postid."&"; return "&"; } } function AddBoardLikeItButton($postid) { global $user_ID; if(isset($_GET['board-like-it-action']) && $_GET['board-like-it-action'] == "like" && $_GET['bpid'] == $postid) BoardLikeItLike($user_ID, $_GET['bpid']); if(isset($_GET['board-like-it-action']) && $_GET['board-like-it-action'] == "unlike" && $_GET['bpid'] == $postid) BoardLikeItUnLike($user_ID, $_GET['bpid']); $num_likes = BoardLikeItGetNumLikes($postid); if(!BoardLikeItIsLiked($user_ID, $postid)) echo "<HREF LINK='".BoardLikeItGetDelim($postid)."board-like-it-action=like&bpid=".$postid."#mngl-board-post-message-".$postid."'>Like</a> ".$num_likes."" . "<br/>"; else echo "<HREF LINK ='".BoardLikeItGetDelim($postid)."board-like-it-action=unlike&bpid=".$postid."#mngl-board-post-message-".$postid."'>Un-Like</a> " . "<br/><span style='display: inline-block; padding: 0px; bottom: -5px; position: relative; border: 0px;'><IMAGE='". get_bloginfo('wpurl')."/wp-content/plugins/board-like-it/top-up.png' /></span><div style='-moz-border-radius: 4px; -khtml-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; color: #000; background-color: #B8C9DB; width: 90%; margin: 0px; display: block; padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 6px;'>" . "<IMAGE='". get_bloginfo('wpurl')."/wp-content/plugins/board-like-it/thumb_up.png'/> " .BoardLikeItShowLikers($postid). "like this." . "</div>"; } function BoardLikeItShowLikers($postid) { global $wpdb; $result = $wpdb->get_var($wpdb->prepare("SELECT `likers` FROM ".BoardLikeItGetDBName()." WHERE `mngl_id` = {$postid}")); $results = explode(',', $result); $names = ""; if($results[0] != "") foreach($results as $r) { $userinfo = get_usermeta($r, 'user_login'); $names .= $userinfo.", "; } return $names; } function BoardLikeItGetNumLikes($postid) { global $wpdb; $result = $wpdb->get_var($wpdb->prepare("SELECT `likers` FROM ".BoardLikeItGetDBName()." WHERE `mngl_id` = {$postid}")); $results = explode(',', $result); if($results[0] != '') return count($results)."<br/><span style='display: inline-block; padding: 0px; bottom: -5px; position: relative; border: 0px;'><IMAGE='". get_bloginfo('wpurl')."/wp-content/plugins/board-like-it/top-up.png' /></span><div style='-moz-border-radius: 4px; -khtml-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; color: #000; background-color: #B8C9DB; width: 90%; margin: 0px; display: inline-block; border: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-left: 6px;'>" . "<IMAGE='". get_bloginfo('wpurl')."/wp-content/plugins/board-like-it/thumb_up.png'/> " .BoardLikeItShowLikers($postid). "likes this." . "</div>"; else return ""; } function BoardLikeItLike($user_ID, $postid) { global $wpdb; $likers = array(); $likersnew = array(); $result = $wpdb->get_var($wpdb->prepare("SELECT `likers` FROM ".BoardLikeItGetDBName()." WHERE `mngl_id` = {$postid}")); $results = explode(',',$result); if($results[0] != "") { if(!in_array($user_ID, $results)) $results[] = $user_ID; $likers = implode(',',$results); $wpdb->query($wpdb->prepare("UPDATE ".BoardLikeItGetDBName()." SET `likers` = '{$likers}' WHERE `mngl_id` = {$postid}")); } else { $likersnew[] = $user_ID; $likersnew = implode(',',$likersnew); $wpdb->query($wpdb->prepare("INSERT INTO ".BoardLikeItGetDBName()." (`mngl_id`, `likers`) VALUES ('{$postid}', '{$likersnew}')")); } } function BoardLikeItUnLike($user_ID, $postid) { global $wpdb; $likers = array(); $result = $wpdb->get_var($wpdb->prepare("SELECT `likers` FROM ".BoardLikeItGetDBName()." WHERE `mngl_id` = {$postid}")); $results = explode(',', $result); if(in_array($user_ID, $results)) { $results = BoardLikeItRemoveFromArray($results, $user_ID); if(!empty($results)) { $likers = implode(',', $results); $wpdb->query($wpdb->prepare("UPDATE ".BoardLikeItGetDBName()." SET `likers` = '{$likers}' WHERE `mngl_id` = {$postid}")); } else { $wpdb->query($wpdb->prepare("DELETE FROM ".BoardLikeItGetDBName()." WHERE `mngl_id` = {$postid}")); } } } function BoardLikeItIsLiked($user_ID, $postid) { global $wpdb; $result = $wpdb->get_var($wpdb->prepare("SELECT `likers` FROM ".BoardLikeItGetDBName()." WHERE `mngl_id` = {$postid}")); $results = explode(',', $result); if(in_array($user_ID, $results)) return true; else return false; } function BoardLikeItActivate() { global $wpdb; $charset_collate = ''; if($wpdb->has_cap('collation')) { if(!empty($wpdb->charset)) $charset_collate = "DEFAULT CHARACTER SET $wpdb->charset"; if(!empty($wpdb->collate)) $charset_collate .= " COLLATE $wpdb->collate"; } $table_sql = "CREATE TABLE ".BoardLikeItGetDBName()."( `mngl_id` int(11) NOT NULL, `likers` longtext NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`mngl_id`)) {$charset_collate};"; require_once(ABSPATH.'wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php'); dbDelta($table_sql); } function BoardLikeItGetDBName() { global $wpdb; return $wpdb->prefix."board_like_it"; } function BoardLikeItRemoveFromArray($arr, $key) { $new = array(); foreach($arr as $j => $i) { if($i != $key) $new[] = $i; } return $new; }

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• Abstract class and an inheritor: is it possible to factorize .parent() here?

  - by fge

  Here are what I think are the relevant parts of the code of these two classes. First, TreePointer (original source here): public abstract class TreePointer<T extends TreeNode> implements Iterable<TokenResolver<T>> { //... /** * What this tree can see as a missing node (may be {@code null}) */ private final T missing; /** * The list of token resolvers */ protected final List<TokenResolver<T>> tokenResolvers; /** * Main protected constructor * * <p>This constructor makes an immutable copy of the list it receives as * an argument.</p> * * @param missing the representation of a missing node (may be null) * @param tokenResolvers the list of reference token resolvers */ protected TreePointer(final T missing, final List<TokenResolver<T>> tokenResolvers) { this.missing = missing; this.tokenResolvers = ImmutableList.copyOf(tokenResolvers); } /** * Alternate constructor * * <p>This is the same as calling {@link #TreePointer(TreeNode, List)} with * {@code null} as the missing node.</p> * * @param tokenResolvers the list of token resolvers */ protected TreePointer(final List<TokenResolver<T>> tokenResolvers) { this(null, tokenResolvers); } //... /** * Tell whether this pointer is empty * * @return true if the reference token list is empty */ public final boolean isEmpty() { return tokenResolvers.isEmpty(); } @Override public final Iterator<TokenResolver<T>> iterator() { return tokenResolvers.iterator(); } // .equals(), .hashCode(), .toString() follow } Then, JsonPointer, which contains this .parent() method which I'd like to factorize here (original source here: public final class JsonPointer extends TreePointer<JsonNode> { /** * The empty JSON Pointer */ private static final JsonPointer EMPTY = new JsonPointer(ImmutableList.<TokenResolver<JsonNode>>of()); /** * Return an empty JSON Pointer * * @return an empty, statically allocated JSON Pointer */ public static JsonPointer empty() { return EMPTY; } //... /** * Return the immediate parent of this JSON Pointer * * <p>The parent of the empty pointer is itself.</p> * * @return a new JSON Pointer representing the parent of the current one */ public JsonPointer parent() { final int size = tokenResolvers.size(); return size <= 1 ? EMPTY : new JsonPointer(tokenResolvers.subList(0, size - 1)); } // ... } As mentioned in the subject, the problem I have here is with JsonPointer's .parent() method. In fact, the logic behind this method applies to TreeNode all the same, and therefore to its future implementations. Except that I have to use a constructor, and of course such a constructor is implementation dependent :/ Is there a way to make that .parent() method available to each and every implementation of TreeNode or is it just a pipe dream?

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• Convert raw IMAP server data into local folders, then upload partial dataset to new IMAP server?

  - by Manca Weeks

  I am transitioning a company with about 30 IMAP accounts, loaded with data (about 77GB total), to a new email host. The majority of the data will be converted into a local archive and distributed to the company computers as a static reference data set. The server side folders the users absolutely cannot do without being on the server will be uploaded back to the new server. I used Mac OS X Mail (Snow Leopard 10.6.6) to download the content. I notice some messages have the name [xxx].partial.emlx, which leads me to believe they have not been downloaded all the way. I have root access to the mail server data and could download the IMAP server data via FTP. I am not sure what utility to use to convert that data to local Mail.app mailboxes. Furthermore, I would appreciate any input on the best way to upload a portion of the data to the new server (GoDaddy), preserving the original dates of the messages. edit OK - forget the raw server data. I found a script that apparently does pretty good archiving IMAP folders to local mbx files. My main quest now is to batch upload a mailbox hierarchy to the new IMAP server without having to start-stop and deal with similar issues. Anyone know of a utility (hopefully for OS X, but if not, I'll fire up my XP virtual system...) that would be capable of this? Thanks, M

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• Is it the address bus size or the data bus size that determines "8-bit , 16-bit ,32-bit ,64-bit " systems?

  - by learner

  My simple understanding is as follows. Memory (RAM) is composed of bits, groups of 8 which form bytes, each of which can be addressed ,and hence byte addressable memory. Address Bus stores the location of a byte of memory. If an address bus is of size 32 bits, that means it can hold upto 232 numbers and it hence can refer upto 232 bytes of memory = 4GB of memory and any memory greater than that is useless. Data bus is used to send the value to be written to/read off the memory. If I have a data bus of size 32 bits, it means a maximum of 4 bytes can be written to/read off the memory at a time. I find no relation between this size and the maximum memory size possible. But I read here that: Even though most systems are byte-addressable, it makes sense for the processor to move as much data around as possible. This is done by the data bus, and the size of the data bus is where the names 8-bit system, 16-bit system, 32-bit system, 64-bit system, etc.. come from. When the data bus is 8 bits wide, it can transfer 8 bits in a single memory operation. When the data bus is 32 bits wide (as is most common at the time of writing), at most, 32 bits can be moved in a single memory operation. This says that the size of the data bus is what gives an OS the name, 8bit, 16bit and so on. What is wrong with my understanding?

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• Why is SMF manifest losing configuration data when exported on SmartOS?

  - by Scott Lowe

  I'm running a server process under SMF (Server Management Facility) on Joyent's Base64 1.8.1 SmartOS image. For those not aqauinted with SmartOS, it is a cloud-based distribution of IllumOS with KVM. But essentially it is like Solaris and inherits from OpenSolaris. So even if you've not used SmartOS, I'm hoping to tap into some Solaris knowledge on ServerFault. My issue is that I want an unprivileged user to be allowed to restart a service that they own. I have worked out how to do that by using RBAC and adding an authorisation to /etc/security/auth_attr and associating that authorisation with my user. I then added the following to my SMF manifest for the service: <property_group name='general' type='framework'> <!-- Allow to be restarted--> <propval name='action_authorization' type='astring' value='solaris.smf.manage.my-server-process' /> <!-- Allow to be started and stopped --> <propval name='value_authorization' type='astring' value='solaris.smf.manage.my-server-process' /> </property_group> And this works well when imported. My unprivileged user is allowed to restart, start and stop its own server process (this is for automated code deployments). However, if I export the SMF manifest, this configuration data is gone... all I see in that section is this: <property_group name='general' type='framework'> <property name='action_authorization' type='astring'/> <property name='value_authorization' type='astring'/> </property_group> Does anybody know why this is happening? Is my syntax wrong, or am I simply not using SMF incorrectly?

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• Looking for suitable backup solution Mac OS X to offsite Centos 6 server 1TB of working data

  - by Brady

  I'll start by saying what we have in place currently: On site file server (Mac OS X Server) that is used by GFX designers and they have a working 1TB of data. Offsite server with 2TB available storage (Centos 6) Mac OS X server rsync data to offsite server every 6 hours (rsync -avz --delete --progress -e ssh ...) Mac OS X server does full data backup to LTO 4 tape on a 10 day recycle (Mon-Fri for 2 weeks) rsync pushes about 60GB of file changes a day. The problem: The onsite tape backup is failing as 1TB of graphics files don't compress well to fit onto a 800GB LTO4 tape. Backup is incredibly slow doing a full backup. Pain in the backside getting people to remember to change the tape. Often gets forgotten etc The quick solution: Buy LTO5 Drive and tapes. However this has been turned down because of the cost... What I would like: Something that works in the same way rysnc works. Only changed data is sent over the wire and can be scheduled to run multiple times during the day. Data that is sent is compressed and sent over SSH. Something that keeps a 14day retention but doesn't keep duplicate data So as an example if I have 1TB of working data and 60GB of changes are made each day then I expect around 1.84TB of data to be stored on the offsite server. To work with the Mac OS X server and Centos 6 server. Not cost an arm and a leg. Must be a cheaper solution than buying an LTO5 drive with tapes (around £1500). Be able to be setup to run autonomously. Have some sort of control panel that will allow an admin to easily restore a file/folder. Any recommendations?

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• Find out CRC or CHECKSUM of RS232 data

  - by Carlos Alloatti

  I need to communicate with a RS232 device, I have no specs or information available. I send a 16 byte command and get a 16 byte result back. The last byte looks like some kind of crc or checksum, I have tried using this http://miscel.dk/MiscEl/miscelCRCandChecksum.html with no luck. Anyone can reverse engineer the crc/checksum algorithm? here is some data captured with an RS-232 monitor program: 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 B3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 51 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 0F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 8C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 D2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 06 30 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 07 6E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 2F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 71 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0A 93 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0B CD 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0C 4E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0D 10 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0E F2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0F AC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 70 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 11 2E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 12 CC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 13 92 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 14 11 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 15 4F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 16 AD 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 17 F3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 18 B2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 19 EC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1A 0E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1B 50 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1C D3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1D 8D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1E 6F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1F 31 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 CE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 21 90 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 22 72 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 23 2C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 24 AF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 25 F1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 26 13 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 27 4D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 28 0C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 29 52 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2A B0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2B EE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2C 6D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2D 33 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2E D1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2F 8F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 30 53 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 31 0D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 32 EF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 33 B1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 34 32 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 35 6C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 36 8E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 37 D0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 38 91 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 39 CF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3A 2D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3B 73 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3C F0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3D AE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3E 4C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3F 12 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 AB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 41 F5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 42 17 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 43 49 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 44 CA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 45 94 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 46 76 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 47 28 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 48 69 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 49 37 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4A D5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4B 8B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4C 08 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4D 56 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4E B4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4F EA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 50 36 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 51 68 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 52 8A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 53 D4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 54 57 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 09 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 56 EB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 57 B5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 58 F4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 59 AA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5A 48 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5B 16 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5C 95 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5D CB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5E 29 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5F 77 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 60 88 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 61 D6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 62 34 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 63 6A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 64 E9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 65 B7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 66 55 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 67 0B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 68 4A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 69 14 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6A F6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6B A8 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6C 2B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6D 75 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6E 97 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6F C9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 70 15 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 71 4B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 72 A9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 73 F7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 74 74 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 75 2A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 76 C8 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 77 96 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 78 D7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 79 89 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7A 6B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7B 35 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7C B6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7D E8 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7E 0A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7F 54 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80 61 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 81 3F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 82 DD 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 83 83 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 84 00 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 85 5E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 86 BC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 87 E2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 88 A3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 89 FD 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8A 1F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8B 41 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8C C2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8D 9C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8E 7E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8F 20 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 90 FC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 91 A2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 92 40 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 93 1E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 94 9D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 95 C3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 96 21 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 97 7F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 3E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 99 60 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9A 82 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9B DC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9C 5F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9D 01 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9E E3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9F BD 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A0 42 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A1 1C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A2 FE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A3 A0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A4 23 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A5 7D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A6 9F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A7 C1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A8 80 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A9 DE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AA 3C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AB 62 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AC E1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AD BF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AE 5D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AF 03 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B0 DF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B1 81 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B2 63 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B3 3D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B4 BE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B5 E0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B6 02 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B7 5C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B8 1D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B9 43 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BA A1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BB FF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BC 7C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BD 22 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BE C0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BF 9E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C0 27 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C1 79 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C2 9B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C3 C5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C4 46 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C5 18 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C6 FA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C7 A4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C8 E5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C9 BB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CA 59 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CB 07 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CC 84 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CD DA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CE 38 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CF 66 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D0 BA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D1 E4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D2 06 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D3 58 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D4 DB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D5 85 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D6 67 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D7 39 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D8 78 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D9 26 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DA C4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DB 9A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DC 19 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DD 47 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DE A5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DF FB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E0 04 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E1 5A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E2 B8 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E3 E6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E4 65 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E5 3B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E6 D9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E7 87 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E8 C6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E9 98 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EA 7A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EB 24 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EC A7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ED F9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EE 1B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EF 45 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F0 99 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F1 C7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F2 25 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F3 7B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F4 F8 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F5 A6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F6 44 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F7 1A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F8 5B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F9 05 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FA E7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FB B9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FC 3A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FD 64 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FE 86 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF D8 The second to last byte seems to be a sequential number that starts over at 00 when it reaches FF. I have included the whole range from 00 to FF to make it easier to guess the crc/checksum method.

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• SQL SERVER – Capturing Wait Types and Wait Stats Information at Interval – Wait Type – Day 5 of 28

  - by pinaldave

  Earlier, I have tried to cover some important points about wait stats in detail. Here are some points that we had covered earlier. DMV related to wait stats reset when we reset SQL Server services DMV related to wait stats reset when we manually reset the wait types However, at times, there is a need of making this data persistent so that we can take a look at them later on. Sometimes, performance tuning experts do some modifications to the server and try to measure the wait stats at that point of time and after some duration. I use the following method to measure the wait stats over the time. -- Create Table CREATE TABLE [MyWaitStatTable]( [wait_type] [nvarchar](60) NOT NULL, [waiting_tasks_count] [bigint] NOT NULL, [wait_time_ms] [bigint] NOT NULL, [max_wait_time_ms] [bigint] NOT NULL, [signal_wait_time_ms] [bigint] NOT NULL, [CurrentDateTime] DATETIME NOT NULL, [Flag] INT ) GO -- Populate Table at Time 1 INSERT INTO MyWaitStatTable ([wait_type],[waiting_tasks_count],[wait_time_ms],[max_wait_time_ms],[signal_wait_time_ms], [CurrentDateTime],[Flag]) SELECT [wait_type],[waiting_tasks_count],[wait_time_ms],[max_wait_time_ms],[signal_wait_time_ms], GETDATE(), 1 FROM sys.dm_os_wait_stats GO ----- Desired Delay (for one hour) WAITFOR DELAY '01:00:00' -- Populate Table at Time 2 INSERT INTO MyWaitStatTable ([wait_type],[waiting_tasks_count],[wait_time_ms],[max_wait_time_ms],[signal_wait_time_ms], [CurrentDateTime],[Flag]) SELECT [wait_type],[waiting_tasks_count],[wait_time_ms],[max_wait_time_ms],[signal_wait_time_ms], GETDATE(), 2 FROM sys.dm_os_wait_stats GO -- Check the difference between Time 1 and Time 2 SELECT T1.wait_type, T1.wait_time_ms Original_WaitTime, T2.wait_time_ms LaterWaitTime, (T2.wait_time_ms - T1.wait_time_ms) DiffenceWaitTime FROM MyWaitStatTable T1 INNER JOIN MyWaitStatTable T2 ON T1.wait_type = T2.wait_type WHERE T2.wait_time_ms > T1.wait_time_ms AND T1.Flag = 1 AND T2.Flag = 2 ORDER BY DiffenceWaitTime DESC GO -- Clean up DROP TABLE MyWaitStatTable GO If you notice the script, I have used an additional column called flag. I use it to find out when I have captured the wait stats and then use it in my SELECT query to SELECT wait stats related to that time group. Many times, I select more than 5 or 6 different set of wait stats and I find this method very convenient to find the difference between wait stats. In a future blog post, we will talk about specific wait stats. Read all the post in the Wait Types and Queue series. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DMV, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Wait Stats, SQL Wait Types, T SQL, Technology

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• Anatomy of a .NET Assembly - Signature encodings

  - by Simon Cooper

  If you've just joined this series, I highly recommend you read the previous posts in this series, starting here, or at least these posts, covering the CLR metadata tables. Before we look at custom attribute encoding, we first need to have a brief look at how signatures are encoded in an assembly in general. Signature types There are several types of signatures in an assembly, all of which share a common base representation, and are all stored as binary blobs in the #Blob heap, referenced by an offset from various metadata tables. The types of signatures are: Method definition and method reference signatures. Field signatures Property signatures Method local variables. These are referenced from the StandAloneSig table, which is then referenced by method body headers. Generic type specifications. These represent a particular instantiation of a generic type. Generic method specifications. Similarly, these represent a particular instantiation of a generic method. All these signatures share the same underlying mechanism to represent a type Representing a type All metadata signatures are based around the ELEMENT_TYPE structure. This assigns a number to each 'built-in' type in the framework; for example, Uint16 is 0x07, String is 0x0e, and Object is 0x1c. Byte codes are also used to indicate SzArrays, multi-dimensional arrays, custom types, and generic type and method variables. However, these require some further information. Firstly, custom types (ie not one of the built-in types). These require you to specify the 4-byte TypeDefOrRef coded token after the CLASS (0x12) or VALUETYPE (0x11) element type. This 4-byte value is stored in a compressed format before being written out to disk (for more excruciating details, you can refer to the CLI specification). SzArrays simply have the array item type after the SZARRAY byte (0x1d). Multidimensional arrays follow the ARRAY element type with a series of compressed integers indicating the number of dimensions, and the size and lower bound of each dimension. Generic variables are simply followed by the index of the generic variable they refer to. There are other additions as well, for example, a specific byte value indicates a method parameter passed by reference (BYREF), and other values indicating custom modifiers. Some examples... To demonstrate, here's a few examples and what the resulting blobs in the #Blob heap will look like. Each name in capitals corresponds to a particular byte value in the ELEMENT_TYPE or CALLCONV structure, and coded tokens to custom types are represented by the type name in curly brackets. A simple field: int intField; FIELD I4 A field of an array of a generic type parameter (assuming T is the first generic parameter of the containing type): T[] genArrayField FIELD SZARRAY VAR 0 An instance method signature (note how the number of parameters does not include the return type): instance string MyMethod(MyType, int&, bool[][]); HASTHIS DEFAULT 3 STRING CLASS {MyType} BYREF I4 SZARRAY SZARRAY BOOLEAN A generic type instantiation: MyGenericType<MyType, MyStruct> GENERICINST CLASS {MyGenericType} 2 CLASS {MyType} VALUETYPE {MyStruct} For more complicated examples, in the following C# type declaration: GenericType<T> : GenericBaseType<object[], T, GenericType<T>> { ... } the Extends field of the TypeDef for GenericType will point to a TypeSpec with the following blob: GENERICINST CLASS {GenericBaseType} 3 SZARRAY OBJECT VAR 0 GENERICINST CLASS {GenericType} 1 VAR 0 And a static generic method signature (generic parameters on types are referenced using VAR, generic parameters on methods using MVAR): TResult[] GenericMethod<TInput, TResult>( TInput, System.Converter<TInput, TOutput>); GENERIC 2 2 SZARRAY MVAR 1 MVAR 0 GENERICINST CLASS {System.Converter} 2 MVAR 0 MVAR 1 As you can see, complicated signatures are recursively built up out of quite simple building blocks to represent all the possible variations in a .NET assembly. Now we've looked at the basics of normal method signatures, in my next post I'll look at custom attribute application signatures, and how they are different to normal signatures.

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• Enterprise Integration: Can Companies Afford It?

  - by Ralph Wheaton

  Each year, my company holds a global sales conference where employees and partners from around the world some together to collaborate, share knowledge and ideas and learn about future plans.  As a member of the professional services division, several of us had been asked to make a presentation, an elevator pitch in 3 minutes or less that relates to a success we have worked on or directly relates to our tag (that is, our primary technology focus).  Mine happens to be Enterprise Integration as it relates Business Intelligence.  I found it rather difficult to present that pitch in a short amount of time and had to pare it down.  At any rate, in just a little over 3 minutes, this is the presentation I submitted.  Here is a link to the full presentation video in WMV format.   Many companies today subscribe to a buy versus build mentality in an attempt to drive down costs and improve time to implementation. Sometimes this makes sense, especially as it relates to specialized software or software that performs a small number of tasks extremely well. However, if not carefully considered or planned out, this oftentimes leads to multiple disparate systems with silos of data or multiple versions of the same data. For instance, client data (contact information, addresses, phone numbers, opportunities, sales) stored in your CRM system may not play well with Accounts Receivables. Employee data may be stored across multiple systems such as HR, Time Entry and Payroll. Other data (such as member data) may not originate internally, but be provided by multiple outside sources in multiple formats. And to top it all off, some data may have to be manually entered into multiple systems to keep it all synchronized. When left to grow out of control like this, overall performance is lacking, stability is questionable and maintenance is frequent and costly. Worse yet, in many cases, this topology, this hodgepodge of data creates a reporting nightmare. Decision makers are forced to try to put together pieces of the puzzle attempting to find the information they need, wading through multiple systems to find what they think is the single version of the truth. More often than not, they find they are missing pieces, pieces that may be crucial to growing the business rather than closing the business. across applications. Master data owners are defined to establish single sources of data (such as the CRM system owns client data). Other systems subscribe to the master data and changes are replicated to subscribers as they are made. This can be one way (no changes are allowed on the subscriber systems) or bi-directional. But at all times, the master data owner is current or up to date. And all data, whether internal or external, use the same processes and methods to move data from one place to another, leveraging the same validations, lookups and transformations enterprise wide, eliminating inconsistencies and siloed data. Once implemented, an enterprise integration solution improves performance and stability by reducing the number of moving parts and eliminating inconsistent data. Overall maintenance costs are mitigated by reducing touch points or the number of places that require modification when a business rule is changed or another data element is added. Most importantly, however, now decision makers can easily extract and piece together the information they need to grow their business, improve customer satisfaction and so on. So, in implementing an enterprise integration solution, companies can position themselves for the future, allowing for easy transition to data marts, data warehousing and, ultimately, business intelligence. Along this path, companies can achieve growth in size, intelligence and complexity. Truly, the question is not can companies afford to implement an enterprise integration solution, but can they afford not to.   Ralph Wheaton Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist Microsoft Certified Professional Developer Microsoft VTS-P BizTalk, .Net

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• Future Of F# At Jazoon 2011

  - by Alois Kraus

  I was at the Jazoon 2011 in Zurich (Switzerland). It was a really cool event and it had many top notch speaker not only from the Microsoft universe. One of the most interesting talks was from Don Syme with the title: F# Today/F# Tomorrow. He did show how to use F# scripting to browse through open databases/, OData Web Services, Sharepoint, …interactively. It looked really easy with the help of F# Type Providers which is the next big language feature in a future F# version. The object returned by a Type Provider is used to access the data like in usual strongly typed object model. No guessing how the property of an object is called. Intellisense will show it just as you expect. There exists a range of Type Providers for various data sources where the schema of the stored data can somehow be dynamically extracted. Lets use e.g. a free database it would be then let data = DbProvider(http://.....); data the object which contains all data from e.g. a chemical database. It has an elements collection which contains an element which has the properties: Name, AtomicMass, Picture, …. You can browse the object returned by the Type Provider with full Intellisense because the returned object is strongly typed which makes this happen. The same can be achieved of course with code generators that use an input the schema of the input data (OData Web Service, database, Sharepoint, JSON serialized data, …) and spit out the necessary strongly typed objects as an assembly. This does work but has the downside that if the schema of your data source is huge you will quickly run against a wall with traditional code generators since the generated “deserialization” assembly could easily become several hundred MB. *** The following part contains guessing how this exactly work by asking Don two questions **** Q: Can I use Type Providers within C#? D: No. Q: F# is after all a library. I can reference the F# assemblies and use the contained Type Providers? D: F# does annotate the generated types in a special way at runtime which is not a static type that C# could use. The F# type providers seem to use a hybrid approach. At compilation time the Type Provider is instantiated with the url of your input data. The obtained schema information is used by the compiler to generate static types as usual but only for a small subset (the top level classes up to certain nesting level would make sense to me). To make this work you need to access the actual data source at compile time which could be a problem if you want to keep the actual url in a config file. Ok so this explains why it does work at all. But in the demo we did see full intellisense support down to the deepest object level. It looks like if you navigate deeper into the object hierarchy the type provider is instantiated in the background and attach to a true static type the properties determined at run time while you were typing. So this type is not really static at all. It is static if you define as a static type that its properties shows up in intellisense. But since this type information is determined while you are typing and it is not used to generate a true static type and you cannot use these “intellistatic” types from C#. Nonetheless this is a very cool language feature. With the plotting libraries you can generate expressive charts from any datasource within seconds to get quickly an overview of any structured data storage. My favorite programming language C# will not get such features in the near future there is hope. If you restrict yourself to OData sources you can use LINQPad to query any OData enabled data source with LINQ with ease. There you can query Stackoverflow with The output is also nicely rendered which makes it a very good tool to explore OData sources today.

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• How should I define Pom.xml in each Module so that web module can communicate with the other two ejb modules?

  - by Kayser

  Maven, maven, maven. It must be very nice and it is nice by a small application. Now I want to build an ear project: with two EJB Modules, a web Module and ear module to build an ear file. Web Module is dependent on the other ejb modules.. How should I define Pom.xml in each Module so that web module can communicate with the other two ejb modules in ear and the ear module builds the right ear file? What I have done before: Module 1 -- Basic Module. All other modules are dependent to this Module. Basic functionality like login etc. <packaging>ejb</packaging> Module 1 -- Data Module. All Entites are here Type EJB <dependency> <groupId>com.myCompnay</groupId> <artifactId>Modul_Basic</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <type>ejb</type> </dependency Module 2 -- Business Module. Businnes Facades are here. Type EJB <dependency> <groupId>com.myCompnay</groupId> <artifactId>Modul_Basic</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <type>ejb</type> </dependency Web Module - Type is WAR <dependency> <groupId>com.myCompnay</groupId> <artifactId>Modul_Basic</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <type>ejb</type> </dependency EAR Module -- In this project I try to build the project. <packaging>ear</packaging> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.myCompnay</groupId> <artifactId>Modul_Basic</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <type>ejb</type> </dependency <dependency> <groupId>com.myCompnay</groupId> <artifactId>Modul_Business</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <type>ejb</type> </dependency <dependency> <groupId>com.myCompnay</groupId> <artifactId>Modul_WEB</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <type>war</type> </dependency </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-ear-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build>

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