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• Domain model: should things like Logging, Audit, Persistence be in it

  - by hom.tanks

  I'm having a hard time convincing our architect that a Domain model should only have the essential elements of the business domain on it. Things like the fact that a class is persistable, that it needs logging and auditing and that it has a RESTful URI should not drive the domain model. They can be added later on, by using interfaces. Ours is a healthcare information management system. At the very coarse level, its a system where users login and access their healthcare information. They can share this information with others and be custodian for others' information (think Roles). But because of a few sound bytes that caught on early like "Everything should be a REST resource" the model now has a top level class called Resource that every other class extends from. I'm trying to make him see that the domain model should have well defined concepts like User Account, HealthDocument, UserRole etc which are distinct entities of the business , with specific associations between them. Clubbing everything under Resource class lets our model be inflexible besides being potentially incorrect. But he wants me to show him why its a bad idea to do it his way. I don't know how to articulate that properly but all my OO instincts tell me that its just not right. Any thoughts?

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• Passing IDisposable objects through constructor chains

  - by Matt Enright

  I've got a small hierarchy of objects that in general gets constructed from data in a Stream, but for some particular subclasses, can be synthesized from a simpler argument list. In chaining the constructors from the subclasses, I'm running into an issue with ensuring the disposal of the synthesized stream that the base class constructor needs. Its not escaped me that the use of IDisposable objects this way is possibly just dirty pool (plz advise?) for reasons I've not considered, but, this issue aside, it seems fairly straightforward (and good encapsulation). Codes: abstract class Node { protected Node (Stream raw) { // calculate/generate some base class properties } } class FilesystemNode : Node { public FilesystemNode (FileStream fs) : base (fs) { // all good here; disposing of fs not our responsibility } } class CompositeNode : Node { public CompositeNode (IEnumerable some_stuff) : base (GenerateRaw (some_stuff)) { // rogue stream from GenerateRaw now loose in the wild! } static Stream GenerateRaw (IEnumerable some_stuff) { var content = new MemoryStream (); // molest elements of some_stuff into proper format, write to stream content.Seek (0, SeekOrigin.Begin); return content; } } I realize that not disposing of a MemoryStream is not exactly a world-stopping case of bad CLR citizenship, but it still gives me the heebie-jeebies (not to mention that I may not always be using a MemoryStream for other subtypes). It's not in scope, so I can't explicitly Dispose () it later in the constructor, and adding a using statement in GenerateRaw () is self-defeating since I need the stream returned. Is there a better way to do this? Preemptive strikes: yes, the properties calculated in the Node constructor should be part of the base class, and should not be calculated by (or accessible in) the subclasses I won't require that a stream be passed into CompositeNode (its format should be irrelevant to the caller) The previous iteration had the value calculation in the base class as a separate protected method, which I then just called at the end of each subtype constructor, moved the body of GenerateRaw () into a using statement in the body of the CompositeNode constructor. But the repetition of requiring that call for each constructor and not being able to guarantee that it be run for every subtype ever (a Node is not a Node, semantically, without these properties initialized) gave me heebie-jeebies far worse than the (potential) resource leak here does.

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• Database and logic layer for ASP.NET MVC application

  - by Ismail

  I'm going to start a new project which is going to be small initially but may grow to big over the years. I'm strongly convinced that I'm going to use ASP.NET MVC with jQuery for UI. I want to go for MySQL as database for some reasons but worried on few things. I've a good years of experience working on SQL Server databases and on one project I've had a bad experience creating and managing stored procedures on MySQL database. I'm totally new to Linq but I see that it is easier to use once you are familiar with it. First thing is that accessing data should be easy. So I thought I should use MySQL to Linq but somewhere I read that it is not directly supported but MySQL .NET connector adds support for EntityFramework. I don't know what are the pros and cons of it. I would love if I can implement repository pattern as it allows to apply filter in logic layer rather than in data access layer. Will it be possible if I use Entity Framework? I'm not clear on how I should go about all this or I should just forget every thing and directly use SQL to Linq on SQL Server. I'm also concerned about the performance. Someone told me that if we use Entity framework it fetches lot of data and then filter it. Is that right? So questions basically are - Is MySQL to Linq possible? If yes where can I get more details on it? Pros and cons of using EntityFramework with MySQL? Will it be easy to access data using EntityFramework with MySQL? Will I be able to implement repository patter which allows applying filter in logic layer rather than data access layer (when I use EntityFramework with MySQL) Does it fetches hell lot of data from database and then apply filter on it? If it sounds too many questions from my side in that case, if you can just let me know what you will do (with a considerable reason) in this situation as an experienced person in this area, that should answer my question.

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• Python alignment of assignments (style)

  - by ikaros45

  I really like following style standards, as those specified in PEP 8. I have a linter that checks it automatically, and definitely my code is much better because of that. There is just one point in PEP 8, the E251 & E221 don't feel very good. Coming from a JavaScript background, I used to align the variable assignments as following: var var1 = 1234; var2 = 54; longer_name = 'hi'; var lol = { 'that' : 65, 'those' : 87, 'other_thing' : true }; And in my humble opinion, this improves readability dramatically. Problem is, this is dis-recommended by PEP 8. With dictionaries, is not that bad because spaces are allowed after the colon: dictionary = { 'something': 98, 'some_other_thing': False } I can "live" with variable assignments without alignment, but what I don't like at all is not to be able to pass named arguments in a function call, like this: some_func(length= 40, weight= 900, lol= 'troll', useless_var= True, intelligence=None) So, what I end up doing is using a dictionary, as following: specs = { 'length': 40, 'weight': 900, 'lol': 'troll', 'useless_var': True, 'intelligence': None } some_func(**specs) or just simply some_func(**{'length': 40, 'weight': 900, 'lol': 'troll', 'useless_var': True, 'intelligence': None}) But I have the feeling this work around is just worse than ignoring the PEP 8 E251 / E221. What is the best practice?

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• How to store an inventory using hashtables?

  - by Harm De Weirdt

  Hello everyone. For an assignment in collego we have to make a script in Perl that allows us to manage an inventory for an e-store. (The example given was Amazon) Users can make orders in a fully text-based environment and the inventory must be updated when an order is completed. Every item in the inventory has 3 to 4 attributes: a product code, a title, a price and for some an amount (MP3's for example do not have this attribute) Since this is my first encounter with Perl, i don't really know how to start. My main problem is how i should "implement" the inventory in the program. One of the functions of the program is searching trough the titles. Another is to make an order, where the user should give a product code. My first idea was a hashtable with the productcode as key. But if i wanted to search in the titles that could be a problem because of this: the hashkey would be something like DVD-123, the information belonging to that key could be "The Green Mask 12" (without the ") where the 12 indicates how many of this DVD are currently in stock. So i'd have to find a way to ignore the 12 in the end. Another solution was to use the title as Hashkey, but that would prove cumbersome too I think. Is there a way to make a hashtable with 2 key's, and when I give only one it returns an array with the other values? (Including the other key and the other information) That way I could use another key depending on what info I need from my inventory. We have to read the default inventory from a txt file looking like this: MP3-72|Lady Gaga - Kiss and Run (Fear of Commitment Monster)|0.99 CD-400|Kings of Leon - Only By The Night|14.50|2 MP3-401|Kings of Leon - Closer|0.85 DVD-144|Live Free or Die Hard|14.99|2 SOFT-864|Windows Vista|49.95 Any help would be appreciated very much :) PS: I am sorry for my bad grammar, English isn't my native language.

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• How do you make a static sprite be a child of another sprite in cocos2D while using SpaceManager

  - by JJBigThoughts

  I have two static (STATIC_MASS) SpaceManager sprites. One is a child of the other - by which I mean that one sort of builds up the other one, but although the child's images shows up in the right place, the child doesn't seem to exists in the chipmunk physics engine, like I would expect. In my case, I have a backboard (rectangular sprite) and a hoop (a circular sprite). Since I might want to move the backboard, I'd like to attach the hoop to backboard so that the hoop automatically moves right along with the backboard. Here, we see a rotating backboard with attached hoop. It looks OK on the screen, but other objects only bounce off the backboard but pass right through the hoop (in a bad sense of the term). What doesn't my child sprite seem to exist in the physics engine? // Add Backboard cpShape *shapeRect = [smgr addRectAt:cpvWinCenter mass:STATIC_MASS width:200 height:10 rotation:0.0f ];// We're upgrading this cpCCSprite * cccrsRect = [cpCCSprite spriteWithShape:shapeRect file:@"rect_200x10.png"]; [self addChild:cccrsRect]; // Spin the static backboard: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2691589/how-do-you-make-a-sprite-rotate-in-cocos2d-while-using-spacemanager // Make static object update moves in chipmunk // Since Backboard is static, and since we're going to move it, it needs to know about spacemanager so its position gets updated inside chipmunk. // Setting this would make the smgr recalculate all static shapes positions every step // cccrsRect.integrationDt = smgr.constantDt; // cccrsRect.spaceManager = smgr; // Alternative method: smgr.rehashStaticEveryStep = YES; smgr.rehashStaticEveryStep = YES; // Spin the backboard [cccrsRect runAction:[CCRepeatForever actionWithAction: [CCSequence actions: [CCRotateTo actionWithDuration:2 angle:180], [CCRotateTo actionWithDuration:2 angle:360], nil] ]]; // Add the hoop cpShape *shapeHoop = [smgr addCircleAt:ccp(100,-45) mass:STATIC_MASS radius: 50 ]; cpCCSprite * cccrsHoop = [cpCCSprite spriteWithShape:shapeHoop file:@"hoop_100x100.png"]; [cccrsRect addChild:cccrsHoop]; This is only half working for me. Note: SpaceManager is a toolkit for working with cocos2D-iphone

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• Is this the right way to organize my database tables?

  - by Moss

  So I'm making a website that allows users to build contact lists. So their are users, the users have lists, and the lists have contacts. It seems to me that I need 3 tables for this but I just want to make sure. There would be a User table of course, and then a "List of Lists" table that has the username, and listname, as primary key along with whatever other info we want to attach to the lists as a whole. Finally, for lack of a better word, the List table which would again have the username/listname p.k., then the contact ID and notes and such that the user attaches to that contact on that specific list. I hope that is a clear explanation. For some reason I feel unsure about this arrangement. For one thing if the website becomes popular the List table could swell to billions of rows. And it also feels a little weird that everybody's list info is all jumbled up in the same table. I suppose I could create separate tables for each user and even for each list but that seems like a bad idea for other reasons. My db explanation assumes I can use foreign keys on my tables which at the moment isn't actually an option. If I can't get InnoDB tables enabled I will probably use ID's for the lists instead of depending on a compound key. Maybe I should do this anyway?

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• Get number of posts in a topic PHP

  - by Wayne

  How do I get to display the number of posts on a topic like a forum. I used this... (how very noobish): function numberofposts($n) { $sql = "SELECT * FROM posts WHERE topic_id = '" . $n . "'"; $result = mysql_query($sql) or die(mysql_error()); $count = mysql_num_rows($result); echo number_format($count); } The while loop of listing topics: <div class="topics"> <div class="topic-name"> <p><?php echo $row['topic_title']; ?></p> </div> <div class="topic-posts"> <p><?php echo numberofposts($row['topic_id']); ?></p> </div> </div> Although it is a bad method of doing this... All I need is to know what would be the best method, don't just point me out to a website, do it here, because I'm trying to learn much. Okay? :D Thanks.

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• Wait on multiple condition variables on Linux without unnecessary sleeps?

  - by Joseph Garvin

  I'm writing a latency sensitive app that in effect wants to wait on multiple condition variables at once. I've read before of several ways to get this functionality on Linux (apparently this is builtin on Windows), but none of them seem suitable for my app. The methods I know of are: Have one thread wait on each of the condition variables you want to wait on, which when woken will signal a single condition variable which you wait on instead. Cycling through multiple condition variables with a timed wait. Writing dummy bytes to files or pipes instead, and polling on those. #1 & #2 are unsuitable because they cause unnecessary sleeping. With #1, you have to wait for the dummy thread to wake up, then signal the real thread, then for the real thread to wake up, instead of the real thread just waking up to begin with -- the extra scheduler quantum spent on this actually matters for my app, and I'd prefer not to have to use a full fledged RTOS. #2 is even worse, you potentially spend N * timeout time asleep, or your timeout will be 0 in which case you never sleep (endlessly burning CPU and starving other threads is also bad). For #3, pipes are problematic because if the thread being 'signaled' is busy or even crashes (I'm in fact dealing with separate process rather than threads -- the mutexes and conditions would be stored in shared memory), then the writing thread will be stuck because the pipe's buffer will be full, as will any other clients. Files are problematic because you'd be growing it endlessly the longer the app ran. Is there a better way to do this? Curious for answers appropriate for Solaris as well.

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• PHP Redirection with Post Parameters

  - by arik-so

  Hello, I have a webpage. This webpage redirects the user to another webpage, more or less the following way: <form method="post" action="anotherpage.php" id="myform"> <?php foreach($_GET as $key => $value){ echo "<input type='hidden' name='{$key}' value='{$value}' />"; } ?> </form> <script> document.getElementById('myform').submit(); </script> Well, you see, what I do is transferring the GET params into POST params. Do not tell me it is bad, I know that myself, and it is not exactly what I really do, what is important is that I collect data from an array and try submitting it to another page via POST. But if the user has JavaScript turned off, it won't work. What I need to know: Is there a way to transfer POST parameters by means of PHP so the redirection can be done the PHP way (header('Location: anotherpage.php');), too? It is very important for me to pass the params via POST. I cannot use the $_SESSION variable because the webpage is on another domain, thus, the $_SESSION variables differ. Anyway, I simply need a way to transfer POST variables with PHP ^^ Thanks in advance!

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• C++ interpreter conceptual problem

  - by Jan Wilkins

  I've built an interpreter in C++ for a language created by me. One main problem in the design was that I had two different types in the language: number and string. So I have to pass around a struct like: class myInterpreterValue { myInterpreterType type; int intValue; string strValue; } Objects of this class are passed around million times a second during e.g.: a countdown loop in my language. Profiling pointed out: 85% of the performance is eaten by the allocation function of the string template. This is pretty clear to me: My interpreter has bad design and doesn't use pointers enough. Yet, I don't have an option: I can't use pointers in most cases as I just have to make copies. How to do something against this? Is a class like this a better idea? vector<string> strTable; vector<int> intTable; class myInterpreterValue { myInterpreterType type; int locationInTable; } So the class only knows what type it represents and the position in the table This however again has disadvantages: I'd have to add temporary values to the string/int vector table and then remove them again, this would eat a lot of performance again. Help, how do interpreters of languages like Python or Ruby do that? They somehow need a struct that represents a value in the language like something that can either be int or string.

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• How to avoid multiple, unused has_many associations when using multiple models for the same entity (

  - by mikep

  Hello, I'm looking for a nice, Ruby/Rails-esque solution for something. I'm trying to split up some data using multiple tables, rather than just using one gigantic table. My reasoning is pretty much to try and avoid the performance drop that would come with having a big table. So, rather than have one table called books, I have multiple tables: books1, books2, books3, etc. (I know that I could use a partition, but, for now, I've decided to go the 'multiple tables' route.) Each user has their books placed into a specific table. The actual book table is chosen when the user is created, and all of their books go into the same table. The goal is to try and keep each table pretty much even -- but that's a different issue. One thing I don't particularly want to have is a bunch of unused associations in the User class. Right now, it looks like I'd have to do the following: class User < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :books1, :books2, :books3, :books4, :books5 end class Books1 < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :user end class Books2 < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :user end First off, for each specific user, only one of the book tables would be usable/applicable, since all of a user's books are stored in the same table. So, only one of the associations would be in use at any time and any other has_many :bookX association that was loaded would be a waste. I don't really know Ruby/Rails does internally with all of those has_many associations though, so maybe it's not so bad. But right now I'm thinking that it's really wasteful, and that there may just be a better, more efficient way of doing this. Is there's some sort of special Ruby/Rails methodology that could be applied here to avoid having to have all of those has_many associations? Also, does anyone have any advice on how to abstract the fact that there's multiple book tables behind a single books model/class?

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• Good practice to create extension methods that apply to System.Object?

  - by Christian

  Hello, I'm wondering whether I should create extension methods that apply on the object level or whether they should be located at a lower point in the class hierarchy. What I mean is something along the lines of: public static string SafeToString(this Object o) { if (o == null || o is System.DBNull) return ""; else { if (o is string) return (string)o; else return ""; } } public static int SafeToInt(this Object o) { if (o == null || o is System.DBNull) return 0; else { if (o.IsNumeric()) return Convert.ToInt32(o); else return 0; } } //same for double.. etc I wrote those methods since I have to deal a lot with database data (From the OleDbDataReader) that can be null (shouldn't, though) since the underlying database is unfortunately very liberal with columns that may be null. And to make my life a little easier, I came up with those extension methods. What I'd like to know is whether this is good style, acceptable style or bad style. I kinda have my worries about it since it kinda "pollutes" the Object-class. Thank you in advance & Best Regards :) Christian P.S. I didn't tag it as "subjective" intentionally.

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• Testing a Gui-heavy WPF application.

  - by Hamish Grubijan

  We (my colleagues) have a messy 12 y.o. mature app that is GUI-based, and the current plan is to add new dialogs & other GUI in WPF, as well as replace some of the older dialogs in WPF as well. At the same time we wish to be able to test that Monster - GUI automation in a maintainable way. Some challenges: The application is massive. It constantly gains new features. It is being changed around (bug fixes, patches). It has a back end, and a layer in-between. The state of it can get out of whack if you beat it to death. What we want is: Some tool that can automate testing of WPF. auto-discovery of what the inputs and the outputs of the dialog are. An old test should still work if you add a label that does nothing. It should fail, however, if you remove a necessary text field. It would be very nice if the test suite was easy to maintain, if it ran and did not break most of the time. Every new dialog should be created with testability in mind. At this point I do not know exactly what I want, so I am marking this as a community wiki. If having to test a huge GUI-based app rings the bell (even if not in WPF), then please share your good, bad and ugly experiences here.

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• Python subprocess: 64 bit windows server PIPE doesn't exist :(

  - by Spaceman1861

  I have a GUI that launches selected python scripts and runs it in cmd next to the gui window. I am able to get my launcher to work on my (windows xp 32 bit) laptop but when I upload it to the server(64bit windows iss7) I am running into some issues. The script runs, to my knowledge but spits back no information into the cmd window. My script is a bit of a Frankenstein that I have hacked and slashed together to get it to work I am fairly certain that this is a very bad example of the subprocess module. Just wondering if i could get a hand :). My question is how do i have to alter my code to work on a 64bit windows server. :) from Tkinter import * import pickle,subprocess,errno,time,sys,os PIPE = subprocess.PIPE if subprocess.mswindows: from win32file import ReadFile, WriteFile from win32pipe import PeekNamedPipe import msvcrt else: import select import fcntl def recv_some(p, t=.1, e=1, tr=5, stderr=0): if tr < 1: tr = 1 x = time.time()+t y = [] r = '' pr = p.recv if stderr: pr = p.recv_err while time.time() < x or r: r = pr() if r is None: if e: raise Exception(message) else: break elif r: y.append(r) else: time.sleep(max((x-time.time())/tr, 0)) return ''.join(y) def send_all(p, data): while len(data): sent = p.send(data) if sent is None: raise Exception(message) data = buffer(data, sent) The code above isn't mine def Run(): print filebox.get(0) location = filebox.get(0) location = location.__str__().replace(listbox.get(ANCHOR).__str__(),"") theTime = time.asctime(time.localtime(time.time())) lastbox.delete(0, END) lastbox.insert(END,theTime) for line in CookieCont: if listbox.get(ANCHOR) in line and len(line) > 4: line[4] = theTime else: "Fill In the rip Details to record the time" if __name__ == '__main__': if sys.platform == 'win32' or sys.platform == 'win64': shell, commands, tail = ('cmd', ('cd "'+location+'"',listbox.get(ANCHOR).__str__()), '\r\n') else: return "Please use contact admin" a = Popen(shell, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE) print recv_some(a) for cmd in commands: send_all(a, cmd + tail) print recv_some(a) send_all(a, 'exit' + tail) print recv_some(a, e=0) The Code above is mine :)

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• Why does adding Crossover to my Genetic Algorithm give me worse results?

  - by MahlerFive

  I have implemented a Genetic Algorithm to solve the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). When I use only mutation, I find better solutions than when I add in crossover. I know that normal crossover methods do not work for TSP, so I implemented both the Ordered Crossover and the PMX Crossover methods, and both suffer from bad results. Here are the other parameters I'm using: Mutation: Single Swap Mutation or Inverted Subsequence Mutation (as described by Tiendil here) with mutation rates tested between 1% and 25%. Selection: Roulette Wheel Selection Fitness function: 1 / distance of tour Population size: Tested 100, 200, 500, I also run the GA 5 times so that I have a variety of starting populations. Stop Condition: 2500 generations With the same dataset of 26 points, I usually get results of about 500-600 distance using purely mutation with high mutation rates. When adding crossover my results are usually in the 800 distance range. The other confusing thing is that I have also implemented a very simple Hill-Climbing algorithm to solve the problem and when I run that 1000 times (faster than running the GA 5 times) I get results around 410-450 distance, and I would expect to get better results using a GA. Any ideas as to why my GA performing worse when I add crossover? And why is it performing much worse than a simple Hill-Climb algorithm which should get stuck on local maxima as it has no way of exploring once it finds a local max?

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• Sparse (Pseudo) Infinite Grid Data Structure for Web Game

  - by Ming

  I'm considering trying to make a game that takes place on an essentially infinite grid. The grid is very sparse. Certain small regions of relatively high density. Relatively few isolated nonempty cells. The amount of the grid in use is too large to implement naively but probably smallish by "big data" standards (I'm not trying to map the Internet or anything like that) This needs to be easy to persist. Here are the operations I may want to perform (reasonably efficiently) on this grid: Ask for some small rectangular region of cells and all their contents (a player's current neighborhood) Set individual cells or blit small regions (the player is making a move) Ask for the rough shape or outline/silhouette of some larger rectangular regions (a world map or region preview) Find some regions with approximately a given density (player spawning location) Approximate shortest path through gaps of at most some small constant empty spaces per hop (it's OK to be a bad approximation often, but not OK to keep heading the wrong direction searching) Approximate convex hull for a region Here's the catch: I want to do this in a web app. That is, I would prefer to use existing data storage (perhaps in the form of a relational database) and relatively little external dependency (preferably avoiding the need for a persistent process). Guys, what advice can you give me on actually implementing this? How would you do this if the web-app restrictions weren't in place? How would you modify that if they were? Thanks a lot, everyone!

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• Multiple on-screen view controllers in iPhone apps

  - by Felixyz

  I'm creating a lot of custom views and controllers in a lot of my apps and so far I've mostly set them up programmatically, with adjustments and instantiations being controlled from plists. However, now I'm transitioning to using Interface Builder as much as possible (wish I had done that before, was always on my back-list). Apple is recommending against having many view controllers being simultaneously active in iPhone apps, with a couple of well-known exceptions. I've never fully understood why it should be bad to have different parts of the interface belong to different controllers, if they have no interdependent functionality at all. Does having multiple controllers risk messing up the responder chain, or is there some other reason that it's not recommended, except for the fact that it's usually not needed? What I want to be able to do is design reusable views and controls in IB, but since a nib is not associated with a view, but with a view controller, it seems I'd have to have different parts of the screen be connected to different controllers. I know it's possible to have other objects than view controllers being instantiated from nibs. Should I look into how to create my own alternative more light-weight controllers (that could be sub-controllers of a UIViewController) which could be instantiated from nibs?

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• I made a horrible loop.... help fix my logic please

  - by Webnet

  I know I'm doing this a bad way... but I'm having trouble seeing any alternatives. I have an array of products that I need to select 4 of randomly. $rawUpsellList is an array of all of the possible upsells based off of the items in their cart. Each value is a product object. I know this is horribly ugly code but I don't see an alternative now.... someone please put me out of my misery so this code doesn't make it to production..... $rawUpsellList = array(); foreach ($tru->global->cart->getItemList() as $item) { $product = $item->getProduct(); $rawUpsellList = array_merge($rawUpsellList, $product->getUpsellList()); } $upsellCount = count($rawUpsellList); $showItems = 4; if ($upsellCount < $showItems) { $showItems = $upsellCount; } $maxLoop = 20; $upsellList = array(); for ($x = 0; $x <= $showItems; $x++) { $key = rand(0, $upsellCount); if (!array_key_exists($key, $upsellList) && is_object($rawUpsellList[$key])) { $upsellList[$key] = $rawUpsellList[$key]; $x++; } if ($x == $maxLoop) { break; } } Posting this code was highly embarassing...

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• Is private members hacking a defined behaviour ?

  - by ereOn

  Hi, Lets say I have the following class: class BritneySpears { public: int getValue() { return m_value; }; private: int m_value; }; Which is an external library (that I can't change). I obviously can't change the value of m_value, only read it. Even subclassing BritneySpears won't work. What if I define the following class: class AshtonKutcher { public: int getValue() { return m_value; }; public: int m_value; }; And then do: BritneySpears b; // Here comes the ugly hack AshtonKutcher* a = reinterpret_cast<AshtonKutcher*>(&b); a->m_value = 17; // Print out the value std::cout << b.getValue() << std::endl; I know this is a bad practice. But just for curiosity: is this guaranted to work ? Is it a defined behaviour ? Bonus question: Have you ever had to use such an ugly hack ? Thanks !

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• Best way to convert a Unicode URL to ASCII (UTF-8 percent-escaped) in Python?

  - by benhoyt

  I'm wondering what's the best way -- or if there's a simple way with the standard library -- to convert a URL with Unicode chars in the domain name and path to the equivalent ASCII URL, encoded with domain as IDNA and the path %-encoded, as per RFC 3986. I get from the user a URL in UTF-8. So if they've typed in http://?.ws/? I get 'http://\xe2\x9e\xa1.ws/\xe2\x99\xa5' in Python. And what I want out is the ASCII version: 'http://xn--hgi.ws/%E2%99%A5'. What I do at the moment is split the URL up into parts via a regex, and then manually IDNA-encode the domain, and separately encode the path and query string with different urllib.quote() calls. # url is UTF-8 here, eg: url = u'http://?.ws/?'.encode('utf-8') match = re.match(r'([a-z]{3,5})://(.+\.[a-z0-9]{1,6})' r'(:\d{1,5})?(/.*?)(\?.*)?$', url, flags=re.I) if not match: raise BadURLException(url) protocol, domain, port, path, query = match.groups() try: domain = unicode(domain, 'utf-8') except UnicodeDecodeError: return '' # bad UTF-8 chars in domain domain = domain.encode('idna') if port is None: port = '' path = urllib.quote(path) if query is None: query = '' else: query = urllib.quote(query, safe='=&?/') url = protocol + '://' + domain + port + path + query # url is ASCII here, eg: url = 'http://xn--hgi.ws/%E3%89%8C' Is this correct? Any better suggestions? Is there a simple standard-library function to do this?

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• Rails nested models and data separation by scope

  - by jobrahms

  I have Teacher, Student, and Parent models that all belong to User. This is so that a Teacher can create Students and Parents that can or cannot log into the app depending on the teacher's preference. Student and Parent both accept nested attributes for User so a Student and User object can be created in the same form. All four models also belong to Studio so I can do data separation by scope. The current studio is set in application_controller.rb by looking up the current subdomain. In my students controller (all of my controllers, actually) I'm using @studio.students.new instead of Student.new, etc, to scope the new student to the correct studio, and therefore the correct subdomain. However, the nested User does not pick up the studio from its parent - it gets set to nil. I was thinking that I could do something like params[:student][:user_attributes][:studio_id] = @student.studio.id in the controller, but that would require doing attr_accessible :studio_id in User, which would be bad. How can I make sure that the nested User picks up the same scope that the Student model gets when it's created? student.rb class Student < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :studio belongs_to :user, :dependent => :destroy attr_accessible :user_attributes accepts_nested_attributes_for :user, :reject_if => :all_blank end students_controller.rb def create @student = @studio.students.new @student.attributes = params[:student] if @student.save redirect_to @student, :notice => "Successfully created student." else render :action => 'new' end end user.rb class User < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :studio accepts_nested_attributes_for :studio attr_accessible :email, :password, :password_confirmation, :remember_me, :studio_attributes devise :invitable, :database_authenticatable, :recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable end

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• Deterministic and non uniform long string generation from seed

  - by Limonup

  I had this weird idea for an encryption that I wanted to try out, it may be bad, and it may have done before, but I'm just doing it for fun. The short version of the question is: Is it possible to generate a long, deterministic and non-uniformly distributed string/sequence of numbers from a small seed? Long(er) version: I was thinking to encrypt a text by changing encoding. The new encoding would be generated via Huffman algorithm. To work well, the Huffman algorithm would need a fairly long text with non uniform distribution. Then characters can have different bit-lengths which would be the primary strength of this encryption. The problem is that its impractical to enter in/remember a long text each time you want to decrypt the text. So I was wondering if it was possible to generate a text from password seed? It doesn't matter what the text is, as long as it has non uniform distribution of characters and that the exact same sequence can be recreated each time you give it the same seed. Preferably, are there any functions/extensions in Python that can do this? EDIT: To expand on the "strength" of varying bit length: if I have a string "test", ASCII values 116, 101, 115, 116, which gives bit values of 1110100 1100101 1110011 1110100 Then, say my Huffman algorithm generates encoding like t = 101 e = 1100111 s = 10001 The final string is 101 1100111 10001 101, if we encode this back to ASCII, we get 1011100 1111000 1101000, which is 3 entirely different characters. Obviously its impossible to perform any kind of frequency analysis or something like that on this.

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• ASP.NET MVC2 and Browser Caching

  - by Dan

  Hi I have a web application that fetches a lot of content via ajax. For example when a user edits some data, the browser will send the changes using an ajax post and then do an ajax get to get fresh content and replace an existing div on the page with that content. This was working just find with MVC1, but in MVC2 I would get inconsistent results. I've found that MVC1 by default included an Expires item in the response headers set to the current time, but in MVC2 the Expires header is missing. This is a problem with some browsers (IE8) actually using the cached version of the ajax get instead of the fresh version. To deal with the problem I created a simple ActionFilterAttribute that sets the reponse cache to NoCache (see below), which works, but it seems kind of sillly to decorate every controller with this attribute. Is there a global way to set this for every controller? Is this a bug in MVC2 and it really should be setting the expires on every ActionResult/view/page? Don't most MVC programs deal with data entry where stale data is a very bad thing? Thanks Dan public class ResponseNoCachingAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnResultExecuted(ResultExecutedContext filterContext) { base.OnResultExecuted(filterContext); filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Cache.SetCacheability(System.Web.HttpCacheability.NoCache); } }

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• ASP.NET CacheDependency out of ThreadPool

  - by Stephen

  In an async http handler, we add items to the ASP.NET cache, with dependencies on some files. If the async method executes on a thread from the ThreadPool, all is fine: AsyncResult result = new AsyncResult(context, cb, extraData); ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallBack(DoProcessRequest), result); But as soon as we try to execute on a thread out of the ThreadPool: AsyncResult result = new AsyncResult(context, cb, extraData); Runner runner = new Runner(result); Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(runner.Run()); ... where Runner.Run just invokes DoProcessRequest, The dependencies do trigger right after the thread exits. I.e. the items are immediately removed from the cache, the reason being the dependencies. We want to use an out-of-pool thread because the processing might take a long time. So obviously something's missing when we create the thread. We might need to propagate the call context, the http context... Has anybody already encountered that issue? Note: off-the-shelf custom threadpools probably solve this. Writing our own threadpool is probably a bad idea (think NIH syndrom). Yet I'd like to understand this in details, though.

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