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  • Sending Emails from existing SMTP host from Ubuntu Server

    - by ezgoodnight
    I feel like my problem is very simple, but I've been trying for quite some time and haven't cracked it. You experienced server guys will probably laugh at this, but I'm finally at the point I need help or I'll never get anywhere. I have a little box running 12.04 LTS and I've wanted to script some status checks and have the server send me an email and schedule this with cron. I basically want a command line mail client that I can set up as easily as Thunderbird to send through my existing SMTP through the command line. Something that can easily be rolled into my bash scripts. I already have a remote host handling our email, SMTP, MTA, all that garbage. I don't particularly want to set up a relay just to send email when I have one that everyone else in the company already uses. I've tried, but there are too many aspects I don't understand AND I don't see why I should set up something local when we already pay for a remote host to do these things. If I absolutely have to set up sendmail or postfix, then so be it, but I'd appreciate a simple alternative. I'm open to practically anything at this point.

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  • Leaving my ongoing internship for a better company

    - by AnonymousAsExpected
    Hi. I am currently employed as an intern with a software company X. I had no particular interest in working on their line of work, but since I had no other alternative, I had to join it. I had also applied to a good company Y, which has a better name than X and the work is exactly what I wanted. More than anything, the mention of Y on my resume will make a big difference later. I really had no idea that Y would accept me, since they were not replying to my repeated requests to inform me of the status of my application. Now fifteen days into my internship with X, Y sent me an offer letter to join. What should I do now? There are other interns working with X on the same project I was, and so of course the work won't suffer. My problem is, I want to quit X, but how do I do it in the most polite way possible? I am afraid to ask my boss, he is rude already and I fear he might take it badly. And how do I handle this in my resume? If two years down the line someone asks me why I left X for Y, won't that look bad? I am really confused, working with Y would be like a dream come true. But I fear the negative impact of leaving X. Hoping that someone can perhaps share a similar experience.

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  • What problem does double or triple buffering solve in modern games?

    - by krokvskrok
    I want to check if my understanding of the causes for using double (or triple) buffering is correct: A monitor with 60Hz refresh's the monitor-display 60 times per second. If the monitor refresh the monitor-display, he updates pixel for pixel and line for line. The monitor requests the color values for the pixels from the video memory. If I run now a game, then this game is constantly manipulating this video memory. If this game don't use a buffer strategy (double buffering etc.) then the following problem can happen: The monitor is now refreshing his monitor-display. At this moment the monitor had refreshed the first half monitor-display already. At the same time, the game had manipulated the video memory with new data. Now the monitor accesses for the second half monitor-display this new manipulated data from the video memory. The problems can be tearing or flickering. Is my understanding of cases of using buffer strategy correct? Are there other reasons?

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  • Can't boot after compiling 3.1 kernel, can only get to terminal

    - by olssy
    Long story short: I tried compiling kernel 3.1 on Ubuntu 11.10 at the same time I had an update waiting for a reboot. Computer would boot to a black screen and would hang there. Ended up installing 11.10 on top of old install with a Live CD. Now I had a purple screen on bootup but it would end up booting. Realized Grub was the problem and tried some stuff but nothing worked. I ended up trying to install propriety ATI video drivers and since that nothing has worked, no grub menu(purple screen) and when it boots into the kernel it ends up hanging, I can sometimes get a terminal up with alt-fx. I have tried removing the ati drivers with the ati script, purging my fglrx driver, reconfiguring my xconf.org and following any tutorial I can find about fixing a broken graphics driver, but to no avail. I've gotten to a point were it seems that the ati propriety drivers are correctly loaded but it still has no grub boot menu and won't boot into Ubuntu. I've chased down my logs and this line is from kern.log: unity-greeter[3269]: segfault at 0 ip b7245cbbsp bf9d3900 error 4 in libgio-2.0.so.0.3000.0[b71ad000+142000] That line leads me to believe I don'T have the correct libgio-2 librairy on my system but have no idea how to find out what package has the correct version... My xorg.conf has no errors and seems to imply the fglrxdrm module got loaded correctly. Would be a bit complicated pasting the whole file here but if it would help I'll post it. LAstly, running fglrxinfo give me: Error: Unable yo open display (null) Any help or link to another tutorial would be appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Is application-specific data required for good unit testing?

    - by stinkycheeseman
    I am writing unit tests for a fairly simple function that depends on a fairly complicated set of data. Essentially, the object I am manipulating represents a graph and this function determines whether to chart a line, bar, or pie chart based on the data that came back from the server. This is a simplified version, using jQuery: setDefaultChartType: function (graphObject) { var prop1 = graphObject.properties.key; var numCols = 0; $.each(graphObject.columns, function (colIndex, column) { numCols++; }); if ( numCols > 6 || ( prop1 > 1 && graphObject.data.length == 1) ) { graphObject.setChartType("line"); } else if ( numCols <=6 && prop1 == 1 ) { graphObject.setChartType("bar"); } else if ( numCols <=6 && prop1 > 1 ) { graphObject.setChartType("pie"); } } My question is, should I use mock data that is procured from the actual database? Or can I just fabricate data that fits the different cases? I'm afraid that fabricating data will not expose bugs arising from changes in the database, but on the other hand, it would require a lot more effort to keep the test data up-to-date that I'm not sure is necessary.

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  • Patients are Running out of Patience

    - by Naresh Persaud
    Healthcare is in a dramatic state of change globally and the change is being driven by patients. Patients are no longer content to wait in line, endure appointment delays and stay on hold waiting for a health insurance representative. Instead, patients are demanding on-line access to physicians, joining communities with fellow patients, scheduling appointments online and resolving claims issues over email.  To accomodate the demand for patient connectivity, providers are innovating to find new ways to collaborate with patients. To address the demand, providers are providing 24/7 access online and pioneering ways to deliver care via mobile devices -  for example using your iPhone as a heart monitor. Patient vitals can be collected before the patient even walks into the clinic.  These new approaches promise to enhance the patient experience and reduce the cost of care. Time is money both for the patient and the provider. For insurance companies, all of this is  welcome news because it reduces un-necessary time with the physician which reduces the number of claims.  Oracle is focused on enabling and securing the experience. The video below shares the Oracle healthcare transformation story. asas

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  • Is there a PROPRIETARY driver (NVIDIA or ATI) that actually works with 12.10?

    - by DS13
    NOTE: I see many similar topics on this, but I've tried all their suggestions, and nothing has worked. THE MAIN DIFFERENCE SEEMS TO BE: I always get a black screen with a blinking cursor, while others seem to get through the boot-up and see distorted graphics or just their wallpaper. ISSUE: I do a clean install of Ubuntu 12.10. Boots fine with the “nouveau” graphics driver – graphics (even just menus) are very slow, choppy, and distorted. The three other driver options in Ubuntu (official NVIDIA drivers), all result in a variation of the black screen on boot up. There will be NO access to a command line/GUI in anyway what-so-ever (tried every option recommended out there, but the system is unusable at this stage). I can only reinstall, and try different drivers…and I only ever get one shot at it. QUESTIONS: -Does anyone know of a PROPRIETARY driver that will actually work on 12.10 with a NVIDIA or ATI card? -Should I just buy a newer graphics card to put in as a replacement? MORE INFO: This is my second computer, and I’m just trying to get a working install of Ubuntu on it. I don’t want to put much money into it, as I have seen Ubuntu run great on much older/less capable machines. I’ve got a decent'ish Core2Duo Intel processor (2.13Ghz), 2GB of RAM, 320GB hard drive, 32-bit architecture, and there is no other O/S installed. It appears as if the graphics card (NVIDIA Geforce 7350 LE) is holding me back. TRIED SO FAR: -all drivers available in Ubuntu *all fail -manual install of some different NVIDIA drivers *all fail -also tried installing the generic kernel, Nvidia driver doesn't work in 12.10 *no difference -tried installing 12.04 *same results -every method suggested to at least get a command line after switching to a NVIDIA driver *all fail -UPDATE- Re-tried everything above with a new NVIDIA Geforce 210...same results for everything. -UPDATE #2- Re-tried everything above with a new AMD Radeon HD 6450...installed the proprietary driver from Ubuntu's "Software Sources" menu...EVERYTHING NOW WORKS. See "answer" below for summary.

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  • How to enable logging for Google Chrome in Ubuntu 12.04?

    - by skytreader
    I'm trying to capture the logs for a certain bug I'm having with Google Chrome. However, I can't find/enable logs for GC. According to this Chromium project page, I just need to add the flags --enable-logging --v=1 and a chrome_debug.log file will appear in my user data directory. However, after running GC (and closing through the 'X' title bar button) there is no chrome_debug.log file in the specified directory. I even tried running as root as it may have something to do with write permissions but GC refuses to start as root. Another thing, GC also prints messages when invoked from command line. I tried capturing this and redirecting them to a file via $ google-chrome > today.log but the messages are still printed in the command line and the file I specify gets created but remains empty. Note that I can't just copy-paste the messages printed on terminal after my bug occurs as the bug freezes up my whole system that, when it occurs, my only option is to turn off my computer straight via the power button. I've seen a few similar bugs already posted but I find that they don't exactly describe my situation so I'd really like to get some logs for this. So how do I enable logging or, at least, get those terminal messages in a file?

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  • Oneric Aspire One. After latest 11.10 update to Linux 3.0.0-9 boot hangs at staement "Starting Bluetooth"

    - by hevh
    I have today updated the version of Linux on Ubuntu on my Acer Aspire One. The boot hangs on the statement "Starting Bluetooth". Help please!! EDIT1: I get the grub menu when I start the netbook and it doesn´t matter which version of linux I choose the resulkt is the same. It gets as far as the Ubuntu spash screen then drops into command line mode then hangs on the line "Starting Bluetooth". I can log in and have tried various forms of the apt-get command to fix the system but with no result. I do not need bluetooth at the moment and so could remove the application if I knew how. (have tried apt-get remove bluez). When I use the command sudo apt-get -f install I get an error message saying "There's not enough space in /var/lib/mysql/" folowed by several other error messages. I have spent some time looking for similar problems and solutions using google but so far got to nothing to help. Thanks EDIT2: I have since discovered when running Knoppix or slitaz from a usb stick that the file managers report the hard disc as having no space. However GPARTED reports it as having 3.69gb. I do recall making space on the hard drive by deleting some old files and emptying trash whilst the update was running; perhaps its related. Any suggestions for how I can recover the apparently lost space from hard disc without losing the data. I have backups of the actual data but do not wnat to lose the applcations configuration. Thanks Kev

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  • [Silverlight 4] New PathListBox Control

    - by FernandoCortes
    One of the new features of Silverlight 4 is the new PathListBox Control. This control is basically a Listbox control witch takes the layout of a shape that you want, so we can represent our data as we want without limits.   So we are ready to open the new Microsoft Blend 4 Beta. First, we going to create a new Silverlight Data Driven Application (MVVM) project.   Open the main view (MainView.xaml), you can find it in Views folder, i look for the new control.   Once you add the PathListbox Control to the main layout of the MainView.xaml, we will add a Line Shape. Now, we are in the main step. Set the LayoutPaths property of the PathListbox control with the line shape that is just created.   The final step is set the ItemsSource property of the PathListbox control. We are going to use a mock object collection from the main view model. I have created the object collection on the main view model created by the Silverlight MVVM project template.   This is the result that we can improve with some animations. This a basic basic use of the PathListbox but using your imagination you can do very cool things.

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  • What is the best practice for reading a large number of custom settings from a text file?

    - by jawilmont
    So I have been looking through some code I wrote a few years ago for an economic simulation program. Each simulation has a large number of settings that can be saved to a file and later loaded back into the program to re-run the same/similar simulation. Some of the settings are optional or depend on what is being simulated. The code to read back the parameters is basically one very large switch statement (with a few nested switch statements). I was wondering if there is a better way to handle this situation. One line of the settings file might look like this: #RA:1,MT:DiscriminatoryPriceKDoubleAuction,OF:Demo Output.csv,QM:100,NT:5000,KP:0.5 //continues... And some of the code that would read that line: switch( Character.toUpperCase( s.charAt(0) ) ) { case 'R': randSeed = Integer.valueOf( s.substring(3).trim() ); break; case 'M': marketType = s.substring(3).trim(); System.err.println("MarketType: " + marketType); break; case 'O': outputFileName = s.substring(3).trim() ; break; case 'Q': quantityOfMarkets = Integer.valueOf( s.substring(3).trim() ); break; case 'N': maxTradesPerRound = Integer.valueOf( s.substring(3).trim() ); break; case 'K': kParameter = Float.valueOf( s.substring(3).trim() ); break; // continues... }

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  • Lubuntu 13.04, kernel still 3.8.0-32-generic

    - by Blue Ice
    My question is very similar to Ubuntu 13.10, kernel still 3.8.0-31-generic. Recently was updating to Saucy and the ethernet cable got unplugged. So I decided to run Software Update again, to reinstall files. It returned that "everything is up to date". But according to these command-line searches, that is incorrect. How can I install Saucy now safely from the command line? sudo apt-get install lubuntu-desktop Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done lubuntu-desktop is already the newest version. The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required: linux-image-extra-3.8.0-19-generic Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove it. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. sudo apt-get dist-upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. sudo apt-get update Get:1 http://extras.ubuntu.com raring Release.gpg [72 B] Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com raring Release Get:2 http://az-1.hpcloud.mirror.websitedevops.com raring Release.gpg Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com raring/main Sources Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com raring/main i386 Packages Get:3 http://az-1.hpcloud.mirror.websitedevops.com raring-updates Release.gpg Get:4 http://az-1.hpcloud.mirror.websitedevops.com raring-backports Release.gpg Get:5 http://az-1.hpcloud.mirror.websitedevops.com raring-security Release.gpg Get:6 http://az-1.hpcloud.mirror.websitedevops.com raring Release Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com raring/main Translation-en_US Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com raring/main Translation-en Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net raring Release.gpg Ign http://az-1.hpcloud.mirror.websitedevops.com raring Release E: GPG error: http://az-1.hpcloud.mirror.websitedevops.com raring Release: The following signatures were invalid: NODATA 1 NODATA 2 lsb_release -rd Description: Ubuntu 13.04 Release: 13.04 uname -r 3.8.0-32-generic

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  • SQL 2008/2005 Hosting :: Error - “Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 – Could not open a connection to SQL Server”

    - by mbridge
    When setting up a Microsoft Windows Server 2008 system, I went through the motions to set up IIS, MS SQL Server 2008, and Visual Studio 2010 to use as a test-bed. One of the immediate benefits of setting up such a system is that most development can be done remotely: MS SQL Server Management Studio, Visual Studio’s Web development suite, as well as file shares, remote desktop, etc, make for a great way to remotely develop in ‘pristine’ conditions. But there are drawbacks, too, such as needing to deal with firewall issues, not being able to penetrate past a router or the requirement of setting up a VPN. One of the problems I encountered when trying to remote into the MS SQL Server 2008 that I’d set up was the following error: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 – Could not open a connection to SQL Server I followed the below steps, and was able to connect to the server after just a few moments of tinkering: 1. From the server in question, surf to this Microsoft article, and download and install the Firewall rules modification program. Never drop your firewall, even on a development machine, unless you have a really good reason to. 2. Launch SQL Server Configuration Manager. Navigate to SQL Server Network Configuration, then Protocols for your server name. Enable TCP/IP and Named Pipes by right-clicking and choosing Enable for each given Protocol Name. 3. Restart the SQL Server service from Services (or from command line, subsequently run “net stop mssqlserver” then “net start mssqlserver”. 4. Try your remote connection once more, and you should be able to connect. It’s not a terribly difficult concept, but one of the more challenging tasks developers face is dealing with environment setup. And while there is a certain blurred-line overlap between software development and server administration, sometimes the latter is daunting, especially given that you might set up only a handful of servers during your career.

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  • Compare images after canny edge detection in OpenCV (C++)

    - by typoknig
    Hi all, I am working on an OpenCV project and I need to compare some images after canny has been applied to both of them. Before the canny was applied I had the gray scale images populating a histogram and then I compared the histograms, but when canny is added to the images the histogram does not populate. I have read that a canny image can populate a histogram, but have not found a way to make it happen. I do not necessairly need to keep using the histograms, I just want to know the best way to compare two canny images. SSCCE below for you to chew on. I have poached and patched about 75% of this code from books and various sites on the internet, so props to those guys... // SLC (Histogram).cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. #include "stdafx.h" #include <cxcore.h> #include <cv.h> #include <cvaux.h> #include <highgui.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <sstream> #include <iostream> using namespace std; IplImage* image1= 0; IplImage* imgHistogram1 = 0; IplImage* gray1= 0; CvHistogram* hist1; int main(){ CvCapture* capture = cvCaptureFromCAM(0); if(!cvQueryFrame(capture)){ cout<<"Video capture failed, please check the camera."<<endl; } else{ cout<<"Video camera capture successful!"<<endl; }; CvSize sz = cvGetSize(cvQueryFrame(capture)); IplImage* image = cvCreateImage(sz, 8, 3); IplImage* imgHistogram = 0; IplImage* gray = 0; CvHistogram* hist; cvNamedWindow("Image Source",1); cvNamedWindow("gray", 1); cvNamedWindow("Histogram",1); cvNamedWindow("BG", 1); cvNamedWindow("FG", 1); cvNamedWindow("Canny",1); cvNamedWindow("Canny1", 1); image1 = cvLoadImage("image bin/use this image.jpg");// an image has to load here or the program will not run //size of the histogram -1D histogram int bins1 = 256; int hsize1[] = {bins1}; //max and min value of the histogram float max_value1 = 0, min_value1 = 0; //value and normalized value float value1; int normalized1; //ranges - grayscale 0 to 256 float xranges1[] = { 0, 256 }; float* ranges1[] = { xranges1 }; //create an 8 bit single channel image to hold a //grayscale version of the original picture gray1 = cvCreateImage( cvGetSize(image1), 8, 1 ); cvCvtColor( image1, gray1, CV_BGR2GRAY ); IplImage* canny1 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(gray1), 8, 1 ); cvCanny( gray1, canny1, 55, 175, 3 ); //Create 3 windows to show the results cvNamedWindow("original1",1); cvNamedWindow("gray1",1); cvNamedWindow("histogram1",1); //planes to obtain the histogram, in this case just one IplImage* planes1[] = { canny1 }; //get the histogram and some info about it hist1 = cvCreateHist( 1, hsize1, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges1,1); cvCalcHist( planes1, hist1, 0, NULL); cvGetMinMaxHistValue( hist1, &min_value1, &max_value1); printf("min: %f, max: %f\n", min_value1, max_value1); //create an 8 bits single channel image to hold the histogram //paint it white imgHistogram1 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(bins1, 50),8,1); cvRectangle(imgHistogram1, cvPoint(0,0), cvPoint(256,50), CV_RGB(255,255,255),-1); //draw the histogram :P for(int i=0; i < bins1; i++){ value1 = cvQueryHistValue_1D( hist1, i); normalized1 = cvRound(value1*50/max_value1); cvLine(imgHistogram1,cvPoint(i,50), cvPoint(i,50-normalized1), CV_RGB(0,0,0)); } //show the image results cvShowImage( "original1", image1 ); cvShowImage( "gray1", gray1 ); cvShowImage( "histogram1", imgHistogram1 ); cvShowImage( "Canny1", canny1); CvBGStatModel* bg_model = cvCreateFGDStatModel( image ); for(;;){ image = cvQueryFrame(capture); cvUpdateBGStatModel( image, bg_model ); //Size of the histogram -1D histogram int bins = 256; int hsize[] = {bins}; //Max and min value of the histogram float max_value = 0, min_value = 0; //Value and normalized value float value; int normalized; //Ranges - grayscale 0 to 256 float xranges[] = {0, 256}; float* ranges[] = {xranges}; //Create an 8 bit single channel image to hold a grayscale version of the original picture gray = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(image), 8, 1); cvCvtColor(image, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY); IplImage* canny = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(gray), 8, 1 ); cvCanny( gray, canny, 55, 175, 3 );//55, 175, 3 with direct light //Planes to obtain the histogram, in this case just one IplImage* planes[] = {canny}; //Get the histogram and some info about it hist = cvCreateHist(1, hsize, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges,1); cvCalcHist(planes, hist, 0, NULL); cvGetMinMaxHistValue(hist, &min_value, &max_value); //printf("Minimum Histogram Value: %f, Maximum Histogram Value: %f\n", min_value, max_value); //Create an 8 bits single channel image to hold the histogram and paint it white imgHistogram = cvCreateImage(cvSize(bins, 50),8,3); cvRectangle(imgHistogram, cvPoint(0,0), cvPoint(256,50), CV_RGB(255,255,255),-1); //Draw the histogram for(int i=0; i < bins; i++){ value = cvQueryHistValue_1D(hist, i); normalized = cvRound(value*50/max_value); cvLine(imgHistogram,cvPoint(i,50), cvPoint(i,50-normalized), CV_RGB(0,0,0)); } double correlation = cvCompareHist (hist1, hist, CV_COMP_CORREL); double chisquare = cvCompareHist (hist1, hist, CV_COMP_CHISQR); double intersection = cvCompareHist (hist1, hist, CV_COMP_INTERSECT); double bhattacharyya = cvCompareHist (hist1, hist, CV_COMP_BHATTACHARYYA); double difference = (1 - correlation) + chisquare + (1 - intersection) + bhattacharyya; printf("correlation: %f\n", correlation); printf("chi-square: %f\n", chisquare); printf("intersection: %f\n", intersection); printf("bhattacharyya: %f\n", bhattacharyya); printf("difference: %f\n", difference); cvShowImage("Image Source", image); cvShowImage("gray", gray); cvShowImage("Histogram", imgHistogram); cvShowImage( "Canny", canny); cvShowImage("BG", bg_model->background); cvShowImage("FG", bg_model->foreground); //Page 19 paragraph 3 of "Learning OpenCV" tells us why we DO NOT use "cvReleaseImage(&image)" in this section cvReleaseImage(&imgHistogram); cvReleaseImage(&gray); cvReleaseHist(&hist); cvReleaseImage(&canny); char c = cvWaitKey(10); //if ASCII key 27 (esc) is pressed then loop breaks if(c==27) break; } cvReleaseBGStatModel( &bg_model ); cvReleaseImage(&image); cvReleaseCapture(&capture); cvDestroyAllWindows(); }

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  • Storage model for various user setting and attributes in database?

    - by dvd
    I'm currently trying to upgrade a user management system for one web application. This web application is used to provide remote access to various networking equipment for educational purposes. All equipment is assigned to various pods, which users can book for periods of time. The current system is very simple - just 2 user types: administrators and students. All their security and other attributes are mostly hardcoded. I want to change this to something like the following model: user <-- (1..n)profile <--- (1..n) attributes. I.e. user can be assigned several profiles and each profile can have multiple attributes. At runtime all profiles and attributes are merged into single active profile. Some examples of attributes i'm planning to implement: EXPIRATION_DATE - single value, value type: date, specifies when user account will expire; ACCESS_POD - single value, value type: ref to object of Pod class, specifies which pod the user is allowed to book, user profile can have multiple such attributes with different values; TIME_QUOTA - single value, value type: integer, specifies maximum length of time for which student can reserve equipment. CREDIT_CHARGING - multi valued, specifies how much credits will be assigned to user over period of time. (Reservation of devices will cost credits, which will regenerate over time); Security permissions and user preferences can end up as profile or user attributes too: i.e CAN_CREATE_USERS, CAN_POST_NEWS, CAN_EDIT_DEVICES, FONT_SIZE, etc.. This way i could have, for example: students of course A will have profiles STUDENT (with basic attributes) and PROFILE A (wich grants acces to pod A). Students of course B will have profiles: STUDENT, PROFILE B(wich grants to pod B and have increased time quotas). I'm using Spring and Hibernate frameworks for this application and MySQL for database. For this web application i would like to stay within boundaries of these tools. The problem is, that i can't figure out how to best represent all these attributes in database. I also want to create some kind of unified way of retrieveing these attributes and their values. Here is the model i've come up with. Base classes. public abstract class Attribute{ private Long id; Attribute() {} abstract public String getName(); public Long getId() {return id; } void setId(Long id) {this.id = id;} } public abstract class SimpleAttribute extends Attribute{ public abstract Serializable getValue(); abstract void setValue(Serializable s); @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { ... } @Override public int hashCode() { ... } } Simple attributes can have only one value of any type (including object and enum). Here are more specific attributes: public abstract class IntAttribute extends SimpleAttribute { private Integer value; public Integer getValue() { return value; } void setValue(Integer value) { this.value = value;} void setValue(Serializable s) { setValue((Integer)s); } } public class MaxOrdersAttribute extends IntAttribute { public String getName() { return "Maximum outstanding orders"; } } public final class CreditRateAttribute extends IntAttribute { public String getName() { return "Credit Regeneration Rate"; } } All attributes stored stored using Hibenate variant "table per class hierarchy". Mapping: <class name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.Attribute" table="ATTRIBUTES" abstract="true" > <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="increment" /> </id> <discriminator column="attributeType" type="string"/> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.SimpleAttribute" abstract="true"> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.IntAttribute" abstract="true" > <property name="value" column="intVal" type="integer"/> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.CreditRateAttribute" discriminator-value="CreditRate" /> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.MaxOrdersAttribute" discriminator-value="MaxOrders" /> </subclass> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.DateAttribute" abstract="true" > <property name="value" column="dateVal" type="timestamp"/> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.ExpirationDateAttribute" discriminator-value="ExpirationDate" /> </subclass> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.PodAttribute" abstract="true" > <many-to-one name="value" column="podVal" class="ru.mirea.rea.model.pods.Pod"/> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.PodAccessAttribute" discriminator-value="PodAccess" lazy="false"/> </subclass> <subclass name="ru.mirea.rea.model.abac.SecurityPermissionAttribute" discriminator-value="SecurityPermission" lazy="false"> <property name="value" column="spVal" type="ru.mirea.rea.db.hibernate.customTypes.SecurityPermissionType"/> </subclass> </subclass> </class> SecurityPermissionAttribute uses enumeration of various permissions as it's value. Several types of attributes imlement GrantedAuthority interface and can be used with Spring Security for authentication and authorization. Attributes can be created like this: public final class AttributeManager { public <T extends SimpleAttribute> T createSimpleAttribute(Class<T> c, Serializable value) { Session session = HibernateUtil.getCurrentSession(); T att = null; ... att = c.newInstance(); att.setValue(value); session.save(att); session.flush(); ... return att; } public <T extends SimpleAttribute> List<T> findSimpleAttributes(Class<T> c) { List<T> result = new ArrayList<T>(); Session session = HibernateUtil.getCurrentSession(); List<T> temp = session.createCriteria(c).list(); result.addAll(temp); return result; } } And retrieved through User Profiles to which they are assigned. I do not expect that there would be very large amount of rows in the ATTRIBUTES table, but are there any serious drawbacks of such design?

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  • C# acting weird when reading in values from a file to an array

    - by Whitey
    This is the structure of my file: 1111111111111111111111111 2222222222222222222222222 3333333333333333333333333 4444444444444444444444444 5555555555555555555555555 6666666666666666666666666 7777777777777777777777777 8888888888888888888888888 9999999999999999999999999 0000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000 And this is the code I'm using to read it into an array: using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(mapPath)) { string line; for (int i = 0; i < iMapHeight; i++) { if ((line = reader.ReadLine()) != null) { for (int j = 0; j < iMapWidth; j++) { iMap[i, j] = line[j]; } } } } I have done some debugging, and line[j] correctly iterates through each character in the currently read line. The problem lies with iMap[i, j]. After this block of code executes, this is the contents of iMap: - iMap {int[14, 25]} int[,] [0, 0] 49 int [0, 1] 49 int [0, 2] 49 int [0, 3] 49 int [0, 4] 49 int [0, 5] 49 int [0, 6] 49 int [0, 7] 49 int [0, 8] 49 int [0, 9] 49 int [0, 10] 49 int [0, 11] 49 int [0, 12] 49 int [0, 13] 49 int [0, 14] 49 int [0, 15] 49 int [0, 16] 49 int [0, 17] 49 int [0, 18] 49 int [0, 19] 49 int [0, 20] 49 int [0, 21] 49 int [0, 22] 49 int [0, 23] 49 int [0, 24] 49 int [1, 0] 50 int [1, 1] 50 int [1, 2] 50 int [1, 3] 50 int [1, 4] 50 int [1, 5] 50 int [1, 6] 50 int [1, 7] 50 int [1, 8] 50 int [1, 9] 50 int [1, 10] 50 int [1, 11] 50 int [1, 12] 50 int [1, 13] 50 int [1, 14] 50 int [1, 15] 50 int [1, 16] 50 int [1, 17] 50 int [1, 18] 50 int [1, 19] 50 int [1, 20] 50 int [1, 21] 50 int [1, 22] 50 int [1, 23] 50 int [1, 24] 50 int [2, 0] 51 int [2, 1] 51 int [2, 2] 51 int [2, 3] 51 int [2, 4] 51 int [2, 5] 51 int [2, 6] 51 int [2, 7] 51 int [2, 8] 51 int [2, 9] 51 int [2, 10] 51 int [2, 11] 51 int [2, 12] 51 int [2, 13] 51 int [2, 14] 51 int [2, 15] 51 int [2, 16] 51 int [2, 17] 51 int [2, 18] 51 int [2, 19] 51 int [2, 20] 51 int [2, 21] 51 int [2, 22] 51 int [2, 23] 51 int [2, 24] 51 int [3, 0] 52 int [3, 1] 52 int [3, 2] 52 int [3, 3] 52 int [3, 4] 52 int [3, 5] 52 int [3, 6] 52 int [3, 7] 52 int [3, 8] 52 int [3, 9] 52 int [3, 10] 52 int [3, 11] 52 int [3, 12] 52 int [3, 13] 52 int [3, 14] 52 int [3, 15] 52 int [3, 16] 52 int [3, 17] 52 int [3, 18] 52 int [3, 19] 52 int [3, 20] 52 int [3, 21] 52 int [3, 22] 52 int [3, 23] 52 int [3, 24] 52 int [4, 0] 53 int [4, 1] 53 int [4, 2] 53 int [4, 3] 53 int [4, 4] 53 int [4, 5] 53 int [4, 6] 53 int [4, 7] 53 int [4, 8] 53 int [4, 9] 53 int [4, 10] 53 int [4, 11] 53 int [4, 12] 53 int [4, 13] 53 int [4, 14] 53 int [4, 15] 53 int [4, 16] 53 int [4, 17] 53 int [4, 18] 53 int [4, 19] 53 int [4, 20] 53 int [4, 21] 53 int [4, 22] 53 int [4, 23] 53 int [4, 24] 53 int [5, 0] 54 int [5, 1] 54 int [5, 2] 54 int [5, 3] 54 int [5, 4] 54 int [5, 5] 54 int [5, 6] 54 int [5, 7] 54 int [5, 8] 54 int [5, 9] 54 int [5, 10] 54 int [5, 11] 54 int [5, 12] 54 int [5, 13] 54 int [5, 14] 54 int [5, 15] 54 int [5, 16] 54 int [5, 17] 54 int [5, 18] 54 int [5, 19] 54 int [5, 20] 54 int [5, 21] 54 int [5, 22] 54 int [5, 23] 54 int [5, 24] 54 int [6, 0] 55 int [6, 1] 55 int [6, 2] 55 int [6, 3] 55 int [6, 4] 55 int [6, 5] 55 int [6, 6] 55 int [6, 7] 55 int [6, 8] 55 int [6, 9] 55 int [6, 10] 55 int [6, 11] 55 int [6, 12] 55 int [6, 13] 55 int [6, 14] 55 int [6, 15] 55 int [6, 16] 55 int [6, 17] 55 int [6, 18] 55 int [6, 19] 55 int [6, 20] 55 int [6, 21] 55 int [6, 22] 55 int [6, 23] 55 int [6, 24] 55 int [7, 0] 56 int [7, 1] 56 int [7, 2] 56 int [7, 3] 56 int [7, 4] 56 int [7, 5] 56 int [7, 6] 56 int [7, 7] 56 int [7, 8] 56 int [7, 9] 56 int [7, 10] 56 int [7, 11] 56 int [7, 12] 56 int [7, 13] 56 int [7, 14] 56 int [7, 15] 56 int [7, 16] 56 int [7, 17] 56 int [7, 18] 56 int [7, 19] 56 int [7, 20] 56 int [7, 21] 56 int [7, 22] 56 int [7, 23] 56 int [7, 24] 56 int [8, 0] 57 int [8, 1] 57 int [8, 2] 57 int [8, 3] 57 int [8, 4] 57 int [8, 5] 57 int [8, 6] 57 int [8, 7] 57 int [8, 8] 57 int [8, 9] 57 int [8, 10] 57 int [8, 11] 57 int [8, 12] 57 int [8, 13] 57 int [8, 14] 57 int [8, 15] 57 int [8, 16] 57 int [8, 17] 57 int [8, 18] 57 int [8, 19] 57 int [8, 20] 57 int [8, 21] 57 int [8, 22] 57 int [8, 23] 57 int [8, 24] 57 int [9, 0] 48 int [9, 1] 48 int [9, 2] 48 int [9, 3] 48 int [9, 4] 48 int [9, 5] 48 int [9, 6] 48 int [9, 7] 48 int [9, 8] 48 int [9, 9] 48 int [9, 10] 48 int [9, 11] 48 int [9, 12] 48 int [9, 13] 48 int [9, 14] 48 int [9, 15] 48 int [9, 16] 48 int [9, 17] 48 int [9, 18] 48 int [9, 19] 48 int [9, 20] 48 int [9, 21] 48 int [9, 22] 48 int [9, 23] 48 int [9, 24] 48 int [10, 0] 48 int [10, 1] 48 int [10, 2] 48 int [10, 3] 48 int [10, 4] 48 int [10, 5] 48 int [10, 6] 48 int [10, 7] 48 int [10, 8] 48 int [10, 9] 48 int [10, 10] 48 int [10, 11] 48 int [10, 12] 48 int [10, 13] 48 int [10, 14] 48 int [10, 15] 48 int [10, 16] 48 int [10, 17] 48 int [10, 18] 48 int [10, 19] 48 int [10, 20] 48 int [10, 21] 48 int [10, 22] 48 int [10, 23] 48 int [10, 24] 48 int [11, 0] 48 int [11, 1] 48 int [11, 2] 48 int [11, 3] 48 int [11, 4] 48 int [11, 5] 48 int [11, 6] 48 int [11, 7] 48 int [11, 8] 48 int [11, 9] 48 int [11, 10] 48 int [11, 11] 48 int [11, 12] 48 int [11, 13] 48 int [11, 14] 48 int [11, 15] 48 int [11, 16] 48 int [11, 17] 48 int [11, 18] 48 int [11, 19] 48 int [11, 20] 48 int [11, 21] 48 int [11, 22] 48 int [11, 23] 48 int [11, 24] 48 int [12, 0] 48 int [12, 1] 48 int [12, 2] 48 int [12, 3] 48 int [12, 4] 48 int [12, 5] 48 int [12, 6] 48 int [12, 7] 48 int [12, 8] 48 int [12, 9] 48 int [12, 10] 48 int [12, 11] 48 int [12, 12] 48 int [12, 13] 48 int [12, 14] 48 int [12, 15] 48 int [12, 16] 48 int [12, 17] 48 int [12, 18] 48 int [12, 19] 48 int [12, 20] 48 int [12, 21] 48 int [12, 22] 48 int [12, 23] 48 int [12, 24] 48 int [13, 0] 48 int [13, 1] 48 int [13, 2] 48 int [13, 3] 48 int [13, 4] 48 int [13, 5] 48 int [13, 6] 48 int [13, 7] 48 int [13, 8] 48 int [13, 9] 48 int [13, 10] 48 int [13, 11] 48 int [13, 12] 48 int [13, 13] 48 int [13, 14] 48 int [13, 15] 48 int [13, 16] 48 int [13, 17] 48 int [13, 18] 48 int [13, 19] 48 int [13, 20] 48 int [13, 21] 48 int [13, 22] 48 int [13, 23] 48 int [13, 24] 48 int Sorry for the lame formatting, but it's huge :P I have no idea where it's getting these values from, does anyone have an explanation? Thanks :)

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  • ASP.NET exception gives irrelevant stack trace on YSOD, very challenging!

    - by pootow
    Here is the YSOD: Timeout expired. The timeout period elapsed prior to completion of the operation or the server is not responding. Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Timeout expired. The timeout period elapsed prior to completion of the operation or the server is not responding. Source Error: An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below. Stack Trace: [SqlException (0x80131904): Timeout expired. The timeout period elapsed prior to completion of the operation or the server is not responding.] System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.GetConnection(DbConnection owningObject) +428 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.GetConnection(DbConnection owningConnection) +65 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionClosed.OpenConnection(DbConnection outerConnection, DbConnectionFactory connectionFactory) +117 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.Open() +122 ECommerce.PMethod.Sql.SqlConns.Open() +78 ECommerce.PMethod.Sql.SqlConns..ctor() +120 ECommerce.login.DatasInfo.Proc.UserCenter.IsLogin(String UserGUID, Int32 UserID) +49 ECommerce.login.Rules.Users.UserLogin.isLogin() +44 Config.isUserLogined() +5 Shopping_Shopping.Page_Load(Object sender, EventArgs e) +10 System.Web.Util.CalliHelper.EventArgFunctionCaller(IntPtr fp, Object o, Object t, EventArgs e) +14 System.Web.Util.CalliEventHandlerDelegateProxy.Callback(Object sender, EventArgs e) +35 System.Web.UI.Control.OnLoad(EventArgs e) +99 System.Web.UI.Control.LoadRecursive() +50 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequestMain(Boolean includeStagesBeforeAsyncPoint, Boolean includeStagesAfterAsyncPoint) +627 [TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'ECommerce.ERP.DAL.DBConn' threw an exception.] ECommerce.ERP.DAL.DBConn.get_ConnString() +0 [ObjectDefinitionStoreException: Factory method 'System.String get_ConnString()' threw an Exception.] Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.Instantiate(RootObjectDefinition definition, String name, IObjectFactory factory, MethodInfo factoryMethod, Object[] arguments) +257 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.ConstructorResolver.InstantiateUsingFactoryMethod(String name, RootObjectDefinition definition, Object[] arguments) +624 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.InstantiateUsingFactoryMethod(String name, RootObjectDefinition definition, Object[] arguments) +60 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.CreateObjectInstance(String objectName, RootObjectDefinition objectDefinition, Object[] arguments) +56 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.InstantiateObject(String name, RootObjectDefinition definition, Object[] arguments, Boolean allowEagerCaching, Boolean suppressConfigure) +436 [ObjectCreationException: Error thrown by a dependency of object 'styleService' defined in 'assembly [ECommerce.Services.Impl, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [ECommerce.Services.Impl.AppContext.xml] line 56' : Initialization of object failed : Factory method 'System.String get_ConnString()' threw an Exception. while resolving 'constructor argument with name promotionservice' to 'promotionService' defined in 'assembly [ECommerce.Services.Impl, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [ECommerce.Services.Impl.AppContext.xml] line 31' while resolving 'constructor argument with name domainservice' to 'promotionDomainService' defined in 'assembly [ECommerce.Domain, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [ECommerce.Domain.AppContext.xml] line 20' while resolving 'constructor argument with name promotionrepos' to 'promotionRepos' defined in 'assembly [ECommerce.Data.AdoNet, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [ECommerce.Data.AdoNet.AppContext.xml] line 34' while resolving 'constructor argument with name connstr' to 'ECommerce.ERP.DAL.DBConn#389F399' defined in 'assembly [ECommerce.Data.AdoNet, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [ECommerce.Data.AdoNet.AppContext.xml] line 34'] Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.ResolveReference(IObjectDefinition definition, String name, String argumentName, RuntimeObjectReference reference) +394 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.ResolvePropertyValue(String name, IObjectDefinition definition, String argumentName, Object argumentValue) +312 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.ResolveValueIfNecessary(String name, IObjectDefinition definition, String argumentName, Object argumentValue) +17 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.ConstructorResolver.ResolveConstructorArguments(String objectName, RootObjectDefinition definition, ObjectWrapper wrapper, ConstructorArgumentValues cargs, ConstructorArgumentValues resolvedValues) +993 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.ConstructorResolver.AutowireConstructor(String objectName, RootObjectDefinition rod, ConstructorInfo[] chosenCtors, Object[] explicitArgs) +171 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.AutowireConstructor(String name, RootObjectDefinition definition, ConstructorInfo[] ctors, Object[] explicitArgs) +65 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.CreateObjectInstance(String objectName, RootObjectDefinition objectDefinition, Object[] arguments) +161 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.InstantiateObject(String name, RootObjectDefinition definition, Object[] arguments, Boolean allowEagerCaching, Boolean suppressConfigure) +636 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractObjectFactory.CreateAndCacheSingletonInstance(String objectName, RootObjectDefinition objectDefinition, Object[] arguments) +174 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.WebObjectFactory.CreateAndCacheSingletonInstance(String objectName, RootObjectDefinition objectDefinition, Object[] arguments) +150 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractObjectFactory.GetObjectInternal(String name, Type requiredType, Object[] arguments, Boolean suppressConfigure) +990 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractObjectFactory.GetObject(String name) +10 Spring.Context.Support.AbstractApplicationContext.GetObject(String name) +20 ECommerce.Common.ServiceLocator.GetService() +334 ECommerce.Mvc.Controllers.StylesController..ctor() +72 [TargetInvocationException: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.] System.RuntimeTypeHandle.CreateInstance(RuntimeType type, Boolean publicOnly, Boolean noCheck, Boolean& canBeCached, RuntimeMethodHandle& ctor, Boolean& bNeedSecurityCheck) +0 System.RuntimeType.CreateInstanceSlow(Boolean publicOnly, Boolean fillCache) +86 System.RuntimeType.CreateInstanceImpl(Boolean publicOnly, Boolean skipVisibilityChecks, Boolean fillCache) +230 System.Activator.CreateInstance(Type type, Boolean nonPublic) +67 System.Web.Mvc.DefaultControllerFactory.GetControllerInstance(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType) +80 [InvalidOperationException: An error occurred when trying to create a controller of type 'ECommerce.Mvc.Controllers.StylesController'. Make sure that the controller has a parameterless public constructor.] System.Web.Mvc.DefaultControllerFactory.GetControllerInstance(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType) +190 System.Web.Mvc.DefaultControllerFactory.CreateController(RequestContext requestContext, String controllerName) +68 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.ProcessRequestInit(HttpContextBase httpContext, IController& controller, IControllerFactory& factory) +118 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContextBase httpContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +46 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext httpContext, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) +63 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.System.Web.IHttpAsyncHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext context, AsyncCallback cb, Object extraData) +13 System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +8677954 System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +155 Version Information: Microsoft .NET Framework Version:2.0.50727.3082; ASP.NET Version:2.0.50727.3082 Question is: the first stack trace is irrelevant to others, what happened? Any ideas? Let me make this more clear: a MVC page uses the spring part trying to load a lazy-init service which constructor wants a connection string through a static property like this: <object id="promotionRepos" type="ECommerce.Data.AdoNet.Promotions.PromotionRepos, ECommerce.Data.AdoNet" lazy-init="true"> <constructor-arg name="provider"> <null /> </constructor-arg> <constructor-arg name="connStr"> <object type="ECommerce.ERP.DAL.DBConn, ECommerce.ERP.DAL" factory-method="get_ConnString" /> </constructor-arg> <property name="RefreshInterval" value="00:00:10" /> </object> the timeout part is some what irrelevent to all others. see this in the first exception: Shopping_Shopping.Page_Load(Object sender, EventArgs e) +10 it's another page at all. And also, ECommerce.PMethod.Sql.SqlConns.Open() uses its own connection string, not the one loaded by spring, it's different module from diffrent team. And I am sure the connection string is correct. And, this ysod cames up randomly. Sometimes nothing is wrong, and sometimes, it appears. I thought there could be something wrong with my database or the network/firewall, I will check it later, but now I want understand this tricky stack trace.

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  • Deadlock in SQL Server 2005! Two real-time bulk upserts are fighting. WHY?

    - by skimania
    Here's the scenario: I've got a table called MarketDataCurrent (MDC) that has live updating stock prices. I've got one process called 'LiveFeed' which reads prices streaming from the wire, queues up inserts, and uses a 'bulk upload to temp table then insert/update to MDC table.' (BulkUpsert) I've got another process which then reads this data, computes other data, and then saves the results back into the same table, using a similar BulkUpsert stored proc. Thirdly, there are a multitude of users running a C# Gui polling the MDC table and reading updates from it. Now, during the day when the data is changing rapidly, things run pretty smoothly, but then, after market hours, we've recently started seeing an increasing number of Deadlock exceptions coming out of the database, nowadays we see 10-20 a day. The imporant thing to note here is that these happen when the values are NOT changing. Here's all the relevant info: Table Def: CREATE TABLE [dbo].[MarketDataCurrent]( [MDID] [int] NOT NULL, [LastUpdate] [datetime] NOT NULL, [Value] [float] NOT NULL, [Source] [varchar](20) NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_MarketDataCurrent] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [MDID] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] - I've got a Sql Profiler Trace Running, catching the deadlocks, and here's what all the graphs look like. Process 258 is called the following 'BulkUpsert' stored proc, repeatedly, while 73 is calling the next one: ALTER proc [dbo].[MarketDataCurrent_BulkUpload] @updateTime datetime, @source varchar(10) as begin transaction update c with (rowlock) set LastUpdate = getdate(), Value = t.Value, Source = @source from MarketDataCurrent c INNER JOIN #MDTUP t ON c.MDID = t.mdid where c.lastUpdate < @updateTime and c.mdid not in (select mdid from MarketData where LiveFeedTicker is not null and PriceSource like 'LiveFeed.%') and c.value <> t.value insert into MarketDataCurrent with (rowlock) select MDID, getdate(), Value, @source from #MDTUP where mdid not in (select mdid from MarketDataCurrent with (nolock)) and mdid not in (select mdid from MarketData where LiveFeedTicker is not null and PriceSource like 'LiveFeed.%') commit And the other one: ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[MarketDataCurrent_LiveFeedUpload] AS begin transaction -- Update existing mdid UPDATE c WITH (ROWLOCK) SET LastUpdate = t.LastUpdate, Value = t.Value, Source = t.Source FROM MarketDataCurrent c INNER JOIN #TEMPTABLE2 t ON c.MDID = t.mdid; -- Insert new MDID INSERT INTO MarketDataCurrent with (ROWLOCK) SELECT * FROM #TEMPTABLE2 WHERE MDID NOT IN (SELECT MDID FROM MarketDataCurrent with (NOLOCK)) -- Clean up the temp table DELETE #TEMPTABLE2 commit To clarify, those Temp Tables are being created by the C# code on the same connection and are populated using the C# SqlBulkCopy class. To me it looks like it's deadlocking on the PK of the table, so I tried removing that PK and switching to a Unique Constraint instead but that increased the number of deadlocks 10-fold. I'm totally lost as to what to do about this situation and am open to just about any suggestion. HELP!! In response to the request for the XDL, here it is: <deadlock-list> <deadlock victim="processc19978"> <process-list> <process id="processaf0b68" taskpriority="0" logused="0" waitresource="KEY: 6:72057594090487808 (d900ed5a6cc6)" waittime="718" ownerId="1102128174" transactionname="user_transaction" lasttranstarted="2010-06-11T16:30:44.750" XDES="0xffffffff817f9a40" lockMode="U" schedulerid="3" kpid="8228" status="suspended" spid="73" sbid="0" ecid="0" priority="0" transcount="2" lastbatchstarted="2010-06-11T16:30:44.750" lastbatchcompleted="2010-06-11T16:30:44.750" clientapp=".Net SqlClient Data Provider" hostname="RISKAPPS_VM" hostpid="3836" loginname="RiskOpt" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="1102128174" currentdb="6" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="671088672" clientoption2="128056"> <executionStack> <frame procname="MKP_RISKDB.dbo.MarketDataCurrent_BulkUpload" line="28" stmtstart="1062" stmtend="1720" sqlhandle="0x03000600a28e5e4ef4fd8e00849d00000100000000000000"> UPDATE c WITH (ROWLOCK) SET LastUpdate = getdate(), Value = t.Value, Source = @source FROM MarketDataCurrent c INNER JOIN #MDTUP t ON c.MDID = t.mdid WHERE c.lastUpdate &lt; @updateTime and c.mdid not in (select mdid from MarketData where BloombergTicker is not null and PriceSource like &apos;Blbg.%&apos;) and c.value &lt;&gt; t.value </frame> <frame procname="adhoc" line="1" stmtstart="88" sqlhandle="0x01000600c1653d0598706ca7000000000000000000000000"> exec MarketDataCurrent_BulkUpload @clearBefore, @source </frame> <frame procname="unknown" line="1" sqlhandle="0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"> unknown </frame> </executionStack> <inputbuf> (@clearBefore datetime,@source nvarchar(10))exec MarketDataCurrent_BulkUpload @clearBefore, @source </inputbuf> </process> <process id="processc19978" taskpriority="0" logused="0" waitresource="KEY: 6:72057594090487808 (74008e31572b)" waittime="718" ownerId="1102128228" transactionname="user_transaction" lasttranstarted="2010-06-11T16:30:44.780" XDES="0x380be9d8" lockMode="U" schedulerid="5" kpid="8464" status="suspended" spid="248" sbid="0" ecid="0" priority="0" transcount="2" lastbatchstarted="2010-06-11T16:30:44.780" lastbatchcompleted="2010-06-11T16:30:44.780" clientapp=".Net SqlClient Data Provider" hostname="RISKBBG_VM" hostpid="4480" loginname="RiskOpt" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="1102128228" currentdb="6" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="671088672" clientoption2="128056"> <executionStack> <frame procname="MKP_RISKDB.dbo.MarketDataCurrentBlbgRtUpload" line="14" stmtstart="840" stmtend="1220" sqlhandle="0x03000600005f9d24c8878f00849d00000100000000000000"> UPDATE c WITH (ROWLOCK) SET LastUpdate = t.LastUpdate, Value = t.Value, Source = t.Source FROM MarketDataCurrent c INNER JOIN #TEMPTABLE2 t ON c.MDID = t.mdid; -- Insert new MDID </frame> <frame procname="adhoc" line="1" sqlhandle="0x010006004a58132228bf8d73000000000000000000000000"> MarketDataCurrentBlbgRtUpload </frame> </executionStack> <inputbuf> MarketDataCurrentBlbgRtUpload </inputbuf> </process> </process-list> <resource-list> <keylock hobtid="72057594090487808" dbid="6" objectname="MKP_RISKDB.dbo.MarketDataCurrent" indexname="PK_MarketDataCurrent" id="lock5ba77b00" mode="U" associatedObjectId="72057594090487808"> <owner-list> <owner id="processc19978" mode="U"/> </owner-list> <waiter-list> <waiter id="processaf0b68" mode="U" requestType="wait"/> </waiter-list> </keylock> <keylock hobtid="72057594090487808" dbid="6" objectname="MKP_RISKDB.dbo.MarketDataCurrent" indexname="PK_MarketDataCurrent" id="lock65dca340" mode="U" associatedObjectId="72057594090487808"> <owner-list> <owner id="processaf0b68" mode="U"/> </owner-list> <waiter-list> <waiter id="processc19978" mode="U" requestType="wait"/> </waiter-list> </keylock> </resource-list> </deadlock> </deadlock-list>

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  • Ladder word-like game GUI problems

    - by sasquatch90
    Ok so I've written my own version of game which should look like this : http://img199.imageshack.us/img199/6859/lab9a.jpg but mine looks like that : http://img444.imageshack.us/img444/7671/98921674.jpg How can I fix this ? Is there a way to do the layout completely differently ? Here's the code : Main.java : import java.util.Scanner; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args){ final JFrame f = new JFrame("Ladder Game"); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Creating game data..."); System.out.println("Height: "); while (!sc.hasNextInt()) { System.out.println("int, please!"); sc.next(); } final int height = sc.nextInt(); Grid[]game = new Grid[height]; for(int L = 0; L < height; L++){ Grid row = null; int i = L+1; String s; do { System.out.println("Length "+i+", please!"); s = sc.next(); } while (s.length() != i); Element[] line = new Element[s.length()]; Element single = null; String[] temp = null; String[] temp2 = new String[s.length()]; temp = s.split(""); for( int j = temp2.length; j>0; j--){ temp2[j-1] = temp[j]; } for (int k = 0 ; k < temp2.length ; k++) { if( k == 0 ){ single = new Element(temp2[k], 2); } else{ single = new Element(temp2[k], 1); } line[k] = single; } row = new Grid(line); game[L] = row; } //############################################ //THE GAME STARTS HERE //############################################ JPanel panel = new JPanel(); panel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(panel, BoxLayout.X_AXIS)); panel.setBackground(Color.ORANGE); panel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(10, 10, 10, 10)); for(int i = 0; i < game.length; i++){ panel.add(game[i].create()); } f.setContentPane(panel); f.pack(); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); f.setVisible(true); boolean end = false; boolean word = false; String tekst; while( !end ){ while( !word ){ tekst = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Input word: "); for(int i = 0; i< game.length; i++){ if(game[i].equalLength(tekst)){ if(game[i].equalValue(tekst)){ word = true; for(int j = 0; j< game.length; j++){ game[i].repaint(); } } } } } word = false; for(int i = 0; i < game.length; i++){ if(game[i].solved()){ end = true; } else { end = false; } } } } } Grid.java import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class Grid extends JPanel{ private Element[]e; private Grid[]g; public Grid(){} public Grid( Element[]elements ){ e = new Element[elements.length]; for(int i=0; i< e.length; i++){ e[i] = elements[i]; } } public Grid(Grid[]grid){ g = new Grid[grid.length]; for(int i=0; i<g.length; i++){ g[i] = grid[i]; } Dimension d = new Dimension(600, 600); setMinimumSize(d); setPreferredSize(new Dimension(d)); setMaximumSize(d); } public JPanel create(){ JPanel panel = new JPanel(); panel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(panel, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS)); panel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(2, 2, 2, 2)); for(int j = 0; j < e.length; j++){ panel.add(e[j].paint()); } return panel; } @Override public void repaint(){ } public boolean equalLength(String s){ int len = s.length(); boolean equal = false; for(int j = 0; j < e.length; j++){ if(e.length == len){ equal = true; } } return equal; } public boolean equalValue(String s){ int len = s.length(); boolean equal = false; String[] temp = null; String[] temp2 = new String[len]; temp = s.split(""); for( int j = len; j>0; j--){ temp2[j-1] = temp[j]; } for(int j = 0; j < e.length; j++){ if( e[j].letter().equals(temp2[j]) ){ equal = true; } else { equal = false; } } if(equal){ for(int i = 0; i < e.length; i++){ e[i].changeState(3); } } return equal; } public boolean solved(){ boolean solved = false; for(int j = 0; j < e.length; j++){ if(e[j].getState() == 3){ solved = true; } else { solved = false; } } return solved; } @Override public String toString(){ return ""; } } Element.java import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class Element { final int INVISIBLE = 0; final int EMPTY = 1; final int FIRST_LETTER = 2; final int OTHER_LETTER = 3; private int state; private String letter; public Element(){ } //empty block public Element(int state){ this("", 0); } //filled block public Element(String s, int state){ this.state = state; this.letter = s; } public JButton paint(){ JButton button = null; if( state == EMPTY ){ button = new JButton(""); button.setBackground(Color.WHITE); } else if ( state == FIRST_LETTER ){ button = new JButton(letter); button.setBackground(Color.red); } else { button = new JButton(letter); button.setBackground(Color.yellow); } button.setSize(20,20); return button; } public void changeState(int s){ state = s; } public String letter(){ return letter; } public int getState(){ return state; } @Override public String toString(){ return "["+letter+"]"; } }

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  • Unexpected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException in JavaFX application, refering to no array

    - by Eugene
    I have the following code: public void setContent(Importer3D importer) { if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("Initialization of Mesh's arrays"); } coords = importer.getCoords(); texCoords = importer.getTexCoords(); faces = importer.getFaces(); if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("Applying Mesh's arrays"); } mesh = new TriangleMesh(); mesh.getPoints().setAll(coords); mesh.getTexCoords().setAll(texCoords); mesh.getFaces().setAll(faces); if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("Initialization of the material"); } initMaterial(); if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("Setting the MeshView"); } meshView.setMesh(mesh); meshView.setMaterial(material); meshView.setDrawMode(DrawMode.FILL); if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("Adding to 3D scene"); } root3d.getChildren().clear(); root3d.getChildren().add(meshView); if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("3D model is ready!"); } } The Imporeter3D class part: private void load(File file) { stlLoader = new STLLoader(file); } public float[] getCoords() { return stlLoader.getCoords(); } public float[] getTexCoords() { return stlLoader.getTexCoords(); } public int[] getFaces() { return stlLoader.getFaces(); } The STLLoader: public class STLLoader{ public STLLoader(File file) { stlFile = new STLFile(file); loadManager = stlFile.loadManager; pointsArray = new PointsArray(stlFile); texCoordsArray = new TexCoordsArray(); } public float[] getCoords() { return pointsArray.getPoints(); } public float[] getTexCoords() { return texCoordsArray.getTexCoords(); } public int[] getFaces() { return pointsArray.getFaces(); } private STLFile stlFile; private PointsArray pointsArray; private TexCoordsArray texCoordsArray; private FacesArray facesArray; public SimpleBooleanProperty finished = new SimpleBooleanProperty(false); public LoadManager loadManager;} PointsArray file: public class PointsArray { public PointsArray(STLFile stlFile) { this.stlFile = stlFile; initPoints(); } private void initPoints() { ArrayList<Double> pointsList = stlFile.getPoints(); ArrayList<Double> uPointsList = new ArrayList<>(); faces = new int[pointsList.size()*2]; int n = 0; for (Double d : pointsList) { if (uPointsList.indexOf(d) == -1) { uPointsList.add(d); } faces[n] = uPointsList.indexOf(d); faces[++n] = 0; n++; } int i = 0; points = new float[uPointsList.size()]; for (Double d : uPointsList) { points[i] = d.floatValue(); i++; } } public float[] getPoints() { return points; } public int[] getFaces() { return faces; } private float[] points; private int[] faces; private STLFile stlFile; public static boolean DEBUG = true; } And STLFile: ArrayList<Double> coords = new ArrayList<>(); double temp; private void readV(STLParser parser) { for (int n = 0; n < 3; n++) { if(!(parser.ttype==STLParser.TT_WORD && parser.sval.equals("vertex"))) { System.err.println("Format Error:expecting 'vertex' on line " + parser.lineno()); } else { if (parser.getNumber()) { temp = parser.nval; coords.add(temp); if(DEBUG) { System.out.println("Vertex:"); System.out.print("X=" + temp + " "); } if (parser.getNumber()) { temp = parser.nval; coords.add(temp); if(DEBUG) { System.out.print("Y=" + temp + " "); } if (parser.getNumber()) { temp = parser.nval; coords.add(temp); if(DEBUG) { System.out.println("Z=" + temp + " "); } readEOL(parser); } else System.err.println("Format Error: expecting coordinate on line " + parser.lineno()); } else System.err.println("Format Error: expecting coordinate on line " + parser.lineno()); } else System.err.println("Format Error: expecting coordinate on line " + parser.lineno()); } if (n < 2) { try { parser.nextToken(); } catch (IOException e) { System.err.println("IO Error on line " + parser.lineno() + ": " + e.getMessage()); } } } } public ArrayList<Double> getPoints() { return coords; } As a result of all of this code, I expected to get 3d model in MeshView. But the present result is very strange: everything works and in DEBUG mode I get 3d model is ready! from setContent(), and then unexpected ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: File readed Initialization of Mesh's arrays Applying Mesh's arrays Initialization of the material Setting the MeshView Adding to 3D scene 3D model is ready! java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: Array index out of range: 32252 at com.sun.javafx.collections.ObservableFloatArrayImpl.rangeCheck(ObservableFloatArrayImpl.java:276) at com.sun.javafx.collections.ObservableFloatArrayImpl.get(ObservableFloatArrayImpl.java:184) at javafx.scene.shape.TriangleMesh.computeBounds(TriangleMesh.java:262) at javafx.scene.shape.MeshView.impl_computeGeomBounds(MeshView.java:151) at javafx.scene.Node.updateGeomBounds(Node.java:3497) at javafx.scene.Node.getGeomBounds(Node.java:3450) at javafx.scene.Node.getLocalBounds(Node.java:3432) at javafx.scene.Node.updateTxBounds(Node.java:3510) at javafx.scene.Node.getTransformedBounds(Node.java:3350) at javafx.scene.Node.updateBounds(Node.java:516) at javafx.scene.Parent.updateBounds(Parent.java:1668) at javafx.scene.SubScene.updateBounds(SubScene.java:556) at javafx.scene.Parent.updateBounds(Parent.java:1668) at javafx.scene.Parent.updateBounds(Parent.java:1668) at javafx.scene.Parent.updateBounds(Parent.java:1668) at javafx.scene.Parent.updateBounds(Parent.java:1668) at javafx.scene.Parent.updateBounds(Parent.java:1668) at javafx.scene.Scene$ScenePulseListener.pulse(Scene.java:2309) at com.sun.javafx.tk.Toolkit.firePulse(Toolkit.java:329) at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.pulse(QuantumToolkit.java:479) at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.pulse(QuantumToolkit.java:459) at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit$13.run(QuantumToolkit.java:326) at com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(InvokeLaterDispatcher.java:95) at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method) at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.access$300(WinApplication.java:39) at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication$3$1.run(WinApplication.java:101) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:724) Exception in thread "JavaFX Application Thread" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: Array index out of range: 32252 at com.sun.javafx.collections.ObservableFloatArrayImpl.rangeCheck(ObservableFloatArrayImpl.java:276) at com.sun.javafx.collections.ObservableFloatArrayImpl.get(ObservableFloatArrayImpl.java:184) The stranger thing is that this stack doesn't stop until I close the program. And moreover it doesn't point to any my array. What is this? And why does it happen?

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  • Using the West Wind Web Toolkit to set up AJAX and REST Services

    - by Rick Strahl
    I frequently get questions about which option to use for creating AJAX and REST backends for ASP.NET applications. There are many solutions out there to do this actually, but when I have a choice - not surprisingly - I fall back to my own tools in the West Wind West Wind Web Toolkit. I've talked a bunch about the 'in-the-box' solutions in the past so for a change in this post I'll talk about the tools that I use in my own and customer applications to handle AJAX and REST based access to service resources using the West Wind West Wind Web Toolkit. Let me preface this by saying that I like things to be easy. Yes flexible is very important as well but not at the expense of over-complexity. The goal I've had with my tools is make it drop dead easy, with good performance while providing the core features that I'm after, which are: Easy AJAX/JSON Callbacks Ability to return any kind of non JSON content (string, stream, byte[], images) Ability to work with both XML and JSON interchangeably for input/output Access endpoints via POST data, RPC JSON calls, GET QueryString values or Routing interface Easy to use generic JavaScript client to make RPC calls (same syntax, just what you need) Ability to create clean URLS with Routing Ability to use standard ASP.NET HTTP Stack for HTTP semantics It's all about options! In this post I'll demonstrate most of these features (except XML) in a few simple and short samples which you can download. So let's take a look and see how you can build an AJAX callback solution with the West Wind Web Toolkit. Installing the Toolkit Assemblies The easiest and leanest way of using the Toolkit in your Web project is to grab it via NuGet: West Wind Web and AJAX Utilities (Westwind.Web) and drop it into the project by right clicking in your Project and choosing Manage NuGet Packages from anywhere in the Project.   When done you end up with your project looking like this: What just happened? Nuget added two assemblies - Westwind.Web and Westwind.Utilities and the client ww.jquery.js library. It also added a couple of references into web.config: The default namespaces so they can be accessed in pages/views and a ScriptCompressionModule that the toolkit optionally uses to compress script resources served from within the assembly (namely ww.jquery.js and optionally jquery.js). Creating a new Service The West Wind Web Toolkit supports several ways of creating and accessing AJAX services, but for this post I'll stick to the lower level approach that works from any plain HTML page or of course MVC, WebForms, WebPages. There's also a WebForms specific control that makes this even easier but I'll leave that for another post. So, to create a new standalone AJAX/REST service we can create a new HttpHandler in the new project either as a pure class based handler or as a generic .ASHX handler. Both work equally well, but generic handlers don't require any web.config configuration so I'll use that here. In the root of the project add a Generic Handler. I'm going to call this one StockService.ashx. Once the handler has been created, edit the code and remove all of the handler body code. Then change the base class to CallbackHandler and add methods that have a [CallbackMethod] attribute. Here's the modified base handler implementation now looks like with an added HelloWorld method: using System; using Westwind.Web; namespace WestWindWebAjax { /// <summary> /// Handler implements CallbackHandler to provide REST/AJAX services /// </summary> public class SampleService : CallbackHandler { [CallbackMethod] public string HelloWorld(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } } } Notice that the class inherits from CallbackHandler and that the HelloWorld service method is marked up with [CallbackMethod]. We're done here. Services Urlbased Syntax Once you compile, the 'service' is live can respond to requests. All CallbackHandlers support input in GET and POST formats, and can return results as JSON or XML. To check our fancy HelloWorld method we can now access the service like this: http://localhost/WestWindWebAjax/StockService.ashx?Method=HelloWorld&name=Rick which produces a default JSON response - in this case a string (wrapped in quotes as it's JSON): (note by default JSON will be downloaded by most browsers not displayed - various options are available to view JSON right in the browser) If I want to return the same data as XML I can tack on a &format=xml at the end of the querystring which produces: <string>Hello Rick. Time is: 11/1/2011 12:11:13 PM</string> Cleaner URLs with Routing Syntax If you want cleaner URLs for each operation you can also configure custom routes on a per URL basis similar to the way that WCF REST does. To do this you need to add a new RouteHandler to your application's startup code in global.asax.cs one for each CallbackHandler based service you create: protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { CallbackHandlerRouteHandler.RegisterRoutes<StockService>(RouteTable.Routes); } With this code in place you can now add RouteUrl properties to any of your service methods. For the HelloWorld method that doesn't make a ton of sense but here is what a routed clean URL might look like in definition: [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="stocks/HelloWorld/{name}")] public string HelloWorld(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } The same URL I previously used now becomes a bit shorter and more readable with: http://localhost/WestWindWebAjax/HelloWorld/Rick It's an easy way to create cleaner URLs and still get the same functionality. Calling the Service with $.getJSON() Since the result produced is JSON you can now easily consume this data using jQuery's getJSON method. First we need a couple of scripts - jquery.js and ww.jquery.js in the page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link href="Css/Westwind.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="scripts/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="scripts/ww.jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> Next let's add a small HelloWorld example form (what else) that has a single textbox to type a name, a button and a div tag to receive the result: <fieldset> <legend>Hello World</legend> Please enter a name: <input type="text" name="txtHello" id="txtHello" value="" /> <input type="button" id="btnSayHello" value="Say Hello (POST)" /> <input type="button" id="btnSayHelloGet" value="Say Hello (GET)" /> <div id="divHelloMessage" class="errordisplay" style="display:none;width: 450px;" > </div> </fieldset> Then to call the HelloWorld method a little jQuery is used to hook the document startup and the button click followed by the $.getJSON call to retrieve the data from the server. <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { $("#btnSayHelloGet").click(function () { $.getJSON("SampleService.ashx", { Method: "HelloWorld", name: $("#txtHello").val() }, function (result) { $("#divHelloMessage") .text(result) .fadeIn(1000); }); });</script> .getJSON() expects a full URL to the endpoint of our service, which is the ASHX file. We can either provide a full URL (SampleService.ashx?Method=HelloWorld&name=Rick) or we can just provide the base URL and an object that encodes the query string parameters for us using an object map that has a property that matches each parameter for the server method. We can also use the clean URL routing syntax, but using the object parameter encoding actually is safer as the parameters will get properly encoded by jQuery. The result returned is whatever the result on the server method is - in this case a string. The string is applied to the divHelloMessage element and we're done. Obviously this is a trivial example, but it demonstrates the basics of getting a JSON response back to the browser. AJAX Post Syntax - using ajaxCallMethod() The previous example allows you basic control over the data that you send to the server via querystring parameters. This works OK for simple values like short strings, numbers and boolean values, but doesn't really work if you need to pass something more complex like an object or an array back up to the server. To handle traditional RPC type messaging where the idea is to map server side functions and results to a client side invokation, POST operations can be used. The easiest way to use this functionality is to use ww.jquery.js and the ajaxCallMethod() function. ww.jquery wraps jQuery's AJAX functions and knows implicitly how to call a CallbackServer method with parameters and parse the result. Let's look at another simple example that posts a simple value but returns something more interesting. Let's start with the service method: [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="stocks/{symbol}")] public StockQuote GetStockQuote(string symbol) { Response.Cache.SetExpires(DateTime.UtcNow.Add(new TimeSpan(0, 2, 0))); StockServer server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid Symbol passed."); return quote; } This sample utilizes a small StockServer helper class (included in the sample) that downloads a stock quote from Yahoo's financial site via plain HTTP GET requests and formats it into a StockQuote object. Lets create a small HTML block that lets us query for the quote and display it: <fieldset> <legend>Single Stock Quote</legend> Please enter a stock symbol: <input type="text" name="txtSymbol" id="txtSymbol" value="msft" /> <input type="button" id="btnStockQuote" value="Get Quote" /> <div id="divStockDisplay" class="errordisplay" style="display:none; width: 450px;"> <div class="label-left">Company:</div> <div id="stockCompany"></div> <div class="label-left">Last Price:</div> <div id="stockLastPrice"></div> <div class="label-left">Quote Time:</div> <div id="stockQuoteTime"></div> </div> </fieldset> The final result looks something like this:   Let's hook up the button handler to fire the request and fill in the data as shown: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [$("#txtSymbol").val()], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").show().fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, HH:mm EST")); }, onPageError); }); So we point at SampleService.ashx and the GetStockQuote method, passing a single parameter of the input symbol value. Then there are two handlers for success and failure callbacks.  The success handler is the interesting part - it receives the stock quote as a result and assigns its values to various 'holes' in the stock display elements. The data that comes back over the wire is JSON and it looks like this: { "Symbol":"MSFT", "Company":"Microsoft Corpora", "OpenPrice":26.11, "LastPrice":26.01, "NetChange":0.02, "LastQuoteTime":"2011-11-03T02:00:00Z", "LastQuoteTimeString":"Nov. 11, 2011 4:20pm" } which is an object representation of the data. JavaScript can evaluate this JSON string back into an object easily and that's the reslut that gets passed to the success function. The quote data is then applied to existing page content by manually selecting items and applying them. There are other ways to do this more elegantly like using templates, but here we're only interested in seeing how the data is returned. The data in the object is typed - LastPrice is a number and QuoteTime is a date. Note about the date value: JavaScript doesn't have a date literal although the JSON embedded ISO string format used above  ("2011-11-03T02:00:00Z") is becoming fairly standard for JSON serializers. However, JSON parsers don't deserialize dates by default and return them by string. This is why the StockQuote actually returns a string value of LastQuoteTimeString for the same date. ajaxMethodCallback always converts dates properly into 'real' dates and the example above uses the real date value along with a .formatDate() data extension (also in ww.jquery.js) to display the raw date properly. Errors and Exceptions So what happens if your code fails? For example if I pass an invalid stock symbol to the GetStockQuote() method you notice that the code does this: if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid Symbol passed."); CallbackHandler automatically pushes the exception message back to the client so it's easy to pick up the error message. Regardless of what kind of error occurs: Server side, client side, protocol errors - any error will fire the failure handler with an error object parameter. The error is returned to the client via a JSON response in the error callback. In the previous examples I called onPageError which is a generic routine in ww.jquery that displays a status message on the bottom of the screen. But of course you can also take over the error handling yourself: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [$("#txtSymbol").val()], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, hh:mmt")); }, function (error, xhr) { $("#divErrorDisplay").text(error.message).fadeIn(1000); }); }); The error object has a isCallbackError, message and  stackTrace properties, the latter of which is only populated when running in Debug mode, and this object is returned for all errors: Client side, transport and server side errors. Regardless of which type of error you get the same object passed (as well as the XHR instance optionally) which makes for a consistent error retrieval mechanism. Specifying HttpVerbs You can also specify HTTP Verbs that are allowed using the AllowedHttpVerbs option on the CallbackMethod attribute: [CallbackMethod(AllowedHttpVerbs=HttpVerbs.GET | HttpVerbs.POST)] public string HelloWorld(string name) { … } If you're building REST style API's this might be useful to force certain request semantics onto the client calling. For the above if call with a non-allowed HttpVerb the request returns a 405 error response along with a JSON (or XML) error object result. The default behavior is to allow all verbs access (HttpVerbs.All). Passing in object Parameters Up to now the parameters I passed were very simple. But what if you need to send something more complex like an object or an array? Let's look at another example now that passes an object from the client to the server. Keeping with the Stock theme here lets add a method called BuyOrder that lets us buy some shares for a stock. Consider the following service method that receives an StockBuyOrder object as a parameter: [CallbackMethod] public string BuyStock(StockBuyOrder buyOrder) { var server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(buyOrder.Symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid or missing stock symbol."); return string.Format("You're buying {0} shares of {1} ({2}) stock at {3} for a total of {4} on {5}.", buyOrder.Quantity, quote.Company, quote.Symbol, quote.LastPrice.ToString("c"), (quote.LastPrice * buyOrder.Quantity).ToString("c"), buyOrder.BuyOn.ToString("MMM d")); } public class StockBuyOrder { public string Symbol { get; set; } public int Quantity { get; set; } public DateTime BuyOn { get; set; } public StockBuyOrder() { BuyOn = DateTime.Now; } } This is a contrived do-nothing example that simply echoes back what was passed in, but it demonstrates how you can pass complex data to a callback method. On the client side we now have a very simple form that captures the three values on a form: <fieldset> <legend>Post a Stock Buy Order</legend> Enter a symbol: <input type="text" name="txtBuySymbol" id="txtBuySymbol" value="GLD" />&nbsp;&nbsp; Qty: <input type="text" name="txtBuyQty" id="txtBuyQty" value="10" style="width: 50px" />&nbsp;&nbsp; Buy on: <input type="text" name="txtBuyOn" id="txtBuyOn" value="<%= DateTime.Now.ToString("d") %>" style="width: 70px;" /> <input type="button" id="btnBuyStock" value="Buy Stock" /> <div id="divStockBuyMessage" class="errordisplay" style="display:none"></div> </fieldset> The completed form and demo then looks something like this:   The client side code that picks up the input values and assigns them to object properties and sends the AJAX request looks like this: $("#btnBuyStock").click(function () { // create an object map that matches StockBuyOrder signature var buyOrder = { Symbol: $("#txtBuySymbol").val(), Quantity: $("#txtBuyQty").val() * 1, // number Entered: new Date() } ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "BuyStock", [buyOrder], function (result) { $("#divStockBuyMessage").text(result).fadeIn(1000); }, onPageError); }); The code creates an object and attaches the properties that match the server side object passed to the BuyStock method. Each property that you want to update needs to be included and the type must match (ie. string, number, date in this case). Any missing properties will not be set but also not cause any errors. Pass POST data instead of Objects In the last example I collected a bunch of values from form variables and stuffed them into object variables in JavaScript code. While that works, often times this isn't really helping - I end up converting my types on the client and then doing another conversion on the server. If lots of input controls are on a page and you just want to pick up the values on the server via plain POST variables - that can be done too - and it makes sense especially if you're creating and filling the client side object only to push data to the server. Let's add another method to the server that once again lets us buy a stock. But this time let's not accept a parameter but rather send POST data to the server. Here's the server method receiving POST data: [CallbackMethod] public string BuyStockPost() { StockBuyOrder buyOrder = new StockBuyOrder(); buyOrder.Symbol = Request.Form["txtBuySymbol"]; ; int qty; int.TryParse(Request.Form["txtBuyQuantity"], out qty); buyOrder.Quantity = qty; DateTime time; DateTime.TryParse(Request.Form["txtBuyBuyOn"], out time); buyOrder.BuyOn = time; // Or easier way yet //FormVariableBinder.Unbind(buyOrder,null,"txtBuy"); var server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(buyOrder.Symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid or missing stock symbol."); return string.Format("You're buying {0} shares of {1} ({2}) stock at {3} for a total of {4} on {5}.", buyOrder.Quantity, quote.Company, quote.Symbol, quote.LastPrice.ToString("c"), (quote.LastPrice * buyOrder.Quantity).ToString("c"), buyOrder.BuyOn.ToString("MMM d")); } Clearly we've made this server method take more code than it did with the object parameter. We've basically moved the parameter assignment logic from the client to the server. As a result the client code to call this method is now a bit shorter since there's no client side shuffling of values from the controls to an object. $("#btnBuyStockPost").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "BuyStockPost", [], // Note: No parameters - function (result) { $("#divStockBuyMessage").text(result).fadeIn(1000); }, onPageError, // Force all page Form Variables to be posted { postbackMode: "Post" }); }); The client simply calls the BuyStockQuote method and pushes all the form variables from the page up to the server which parses them instead. The feature that makes this work is one of the options you can pass to the ajaxCallMethod() function: { postbackMode: "Post" }); which directs the function to include form variable POST data when making the service call. Other options include PostNoViewState (for WebForms to strip out WebForms crap vars), PostParametersOnly (default), None. If you pass parameters those are always posted to the server except when None is set. The above code can be simplified a bit by using the FormVariableBinder helper, which can unbind form variables directly into an object: FormVariableBinder.Unbind(buyOrder,null,"txtBuy"); which replaces the manual Request.Form[] reading code. It receives the object to unbind into, a string of properties to skip, and an optional prefix which is stripped off form variables to match property names. The component is similar to the MVC model binder but it's independent of MVC. Returning non-JSON Data CallbackHandler also supports returning non-JSON/XML data via special return types. You can return raw non-JSON encoded strings like this: [CallbackMethod(ReturnAsRawString=true,ContentType="text/plain")] public string HelloWorldNoJSON(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } Calling this method results in just a plain string - no JSON encoding with quotes around the result. This can be useful if your server handling code needs to return a string or HTML result that doesn't fit well for a page or other UI component. Any string output can be returned. You can also return binary data. Stream, byte[] and Bitmap/Image results are automatically streamed back to the client. Notice that you should set the ContentType of the request either on the CallbackMethod attribute or using Response.ContentType. This ensures the Web Server knows how to display your binary response. Using a stream response makes it possible to return any of data. Streamed data can be pretty handy to return bitmap data from a method. The following is a method that returns a stock history graph for a particular stock over a provided number of years: [CallbackMethod(ContentType="image/png",RouteUrl="stocks/history/graph/{symbol}/{years}")] public Stream GetStockHistoryGraph(string symbol, int years = 2,int width = 500, int height=350) { if (width == 0) width = 500; if (height == 0) height = 350; StockServer server = new StockServer(); return server.GetStockHistoryGraph(symbol,"Stock History for " + symbol,width,height,years); } I can now hook this up into the JavaScript code when I get a stock quote. At the end of the process I can assign the URL to the service that returns the image into the src property and so force the image to display. Here's the changed code: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { var symbol = $("#txtSymbol").val(); ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [symbol], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, hh:mmt")); // display a stock chart $("#imgStockHistory").attr("src", "stocks/history/graph/" + symbol + "/2"); },onPageError); }); The resulting output then looks like this: The charting code uses the new ASP.NET 4.0 Chart components via code to display a bar chart of the 2 year stock data as part of the StockServer class which you can find in the sample download. The ability to return arbitrary data from a service is useful as you can see - in this case the chart is clearly associated with the service and it's nice that the graph generation can happen off a handler rather than through a page. Images are common resources, but output can also be PDF reports, zip files for downloads etc. which is becoming increasingly more common to be returned from REST endpoints and other applications. Why reinvent? Obviously the examples I've shown here are pretty basic in terms of functionality. But I hope they demonstrate the core features of AJAX callbacks that you need to work through in most applications which is simple: return data, send back data and potentially retrieve data in various formats. While there are other solutions when it comes down to making AJAX callbacks and servicing REST like requests, I like the flexibility my home grown solution provides. Simply put it's still the easiest solution that I've found that addresses my common use cases: AJAX JSON RPC style callbacks Url based access XML and JSON Output from single method endpoint XML and JSON POST support, querystring input, routing parameter mapping UrlEncoded POST data support on callbacks Ability to return stream/raw string data Essentially ability to return ANYTHING from Service and pass anything All these features are available in various solutions but not together in one place. I've been using this code base for over 4 years now in a number of projects both for myself and commercial work and it's served me extremely well. Besides the AJAX functionality CallbackHandler provides, it's also an easy way to create any kind of output endpoint I need to create. Need to create a few simple routines that spit back some data, but don't want to create a Page or View or full blown handler for it? Create a CallbackHandler and add a method or multiple methods and you have your generic endpoints.  It's a quick and easy way to add small code pieces that are pretty efficient as they're running through a pretty small handler implementation. I can have this up and running in a couple of minutes literally without any setup and returning just about any kind of data. Resources Download the Sample NuGet: Westwind Web and AJAX Utilities (Westwind.Web) ajaxCallMethod() Documentation Using the AjaxMethodCallback WebForms Control West Wind Web Toolkit Home Page West Wind Web Toolkit Source Code © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in ASP.NET  jQuery  AJAX   Tweet (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • Capturing and Transforming ASP.NET Output with Response.Filter

    - by Rick Strahl
    During one of my Handlers and Modules session at DevConnections this week one of the attendees asked a question that I didn’t have an immediate answer for. Basically he wanted to capture response output completely and then apply some filtering to the output – effectively injecting some additional content into the page AFTER the page had completely rendered. Specifically the output should be captured from anywhere – not just a page and have this code injected into the page. Some time ago I posted some code that allows you to capture ASP.NET Page output by overriding the Render() method, capturing the HtmlTextWriter() and reading its content, modifying the rendered data as text then writing it back out. I’ve actually used this approach on a few occasions and it works fine for ASP.NET pages. But this obviously won’t work outside of the Page class environment and it’s not really generic – you have to create a custom page class in order to handle the output capture. [updated 11/16/2009 – updated ResponseFilterStream implementation and a few additional notes based on comments] Enter Response.Filter However, ASP.NET includes a Response.Filter which can be used – well to filter output. Basically Response.Filter is a stream through which the OutputStream is piped back to the Web Server (indirectly). As content is written into the Response object, the filter stream receives the appropriate Stream commands like Write, Flush and Close as well as read operations although for a Response.Filter that’s uncommon to be hit. The Response.Filter can be programmatically replaced at runtime which allows you to effectively intercept all output generation that runs through ASP.NET. A common Example: Dynamic GZip Encoding A rather common use of Response.Filter hooking up code based, dynamic  GZip compression for requests which is dead simple by applying a GZipStream (or DeflateStream) to Response.Filter. The following generic routines can be used very easily to detect GZip capability of the client and compress response output with a single line of code and a couple of library helper routines: WebUtils.GZipEncodePage(); which is handled with a few lines of reusable code and a couple of static helper methods: /// <summary> ///Sets up the current page or handler to use GZip through a Response.Filter ///IMPORTANT:  ///You have to call this method before any output is generated! /// </summary> public static void GZipEncodePage() {     HttpResponse Response = HttpContext.Current.Response;     if(IsGZipSupported())     {         stringAcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"];         if(AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate"))         {             Response.Filter = newSystem.IO.Compression.DeflateStream(Response.Filter,                                        System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress);             Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "deflate");         }         else        {             Response.Filter = newSystem.IO.Compression.GZipStream(Response.Filter,                                       System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress);             Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip");                            }     }     // Allow proxy servers to cache encoded and unencoded versions separately    Response.AppendHeader("Vary", "Content-Encoding"); } /// <summary> /// Determines if GZip is supported /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static bool IsGZipSupported() { string AcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"]; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(AcceptEncoding) && (AcceptEncoding.Contains("gzip") || AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate"))) return true; return false; } GZipStream and DeflateStream are streams that are assigned to Response.Filter and by doing so apply the appropriate compression on the active Response. Response.Filter content is chunked So to implement a Response.Filter effectively requires only that you implement a custom stream and handle the Write() method to capture Response output as it’s written. At first blush this seems very simple – you capture the output in Write, transform it and write out the transformed content in one pass. And that indeed works for small amounts of content. But you see, the problem is that output is written in small buffer chunks (a little less than 16k it appears) rather than just a single Write() statement into the stream, which makes perfect sense for ASP.NET to stream data back to IIS in smaller chunks to minimize memory usage en route. Unfortunately this also makes it a more difficult to implement any filtering routines since you don’t directly get access to all of the response content which is problematic especially if those filtering routines require you to look at the ENTIRE response in order to transform or capture the output as is needed for the solution the gentleman in my session asked for. So in order to address this a slightly different approach is required that basically captures all the Write() buffers passed into a cached stream and then making the stream available only when it’s complete and ready to be flushed. As I was thinking about the implementation I also started thinking about the few instances when I’ve used Response.Filter implementations. Each time I had to create a new Stream subclass and create my custom functionality but in the end each implementation did the same thing – capturing output and transforming it. I thought there should be an easier way to do this by creating a re-usable Stream class that can handle stream transformations that are common to Response.Filter implementations. Creating a semi-generic Response Filter Stream Class What I ended up with is a ResponseFilterStream class that provides a handful of Events that allow you to capture and/or transform Response content. The class implements a subclass of Stream and then overrides Write() and Flush() to handle capturing and transformation operations. By exposing events it’s easy to hook up capture or transformation operations via single focused methods. ResponseFilterStream exposes the following events: CaptureStream, CaptureString Captures the output only and provides either a MemoryStream or String with the final page output. Capture is hooked to the Flush() operation of the stream. TransformStream, TransformString Allows you to transform the complete response output with events that receive a MemoryStream or String respectively and can you modify the output then return it back as a return value. The transformed output is then written back out in a single chunk to the response output stream. These events capture all output internally first then write the entire buffer into the response. TransformWrite, TransformWriteString Allows you to transform the Response data as it is written in its original chunk size in the Stream’s Write() method. Unlike TransformStream/TransformString which operate on the complete output, these events only see the current chunk of data written. This is more efficient as there’s no caching involved, but can cause problems due to searched content splitting over multiple chunks. Using this implementation, creating a custom Response.Filter transformation becomes as simple as the following code. To hook up the Response.Filter using the MemoryStream version event: ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformStream += filter_TransformStream; Response.Filter = filter; and the event handler to do the transformation: MemoryStream filter_TransformStream(MemoryStream ms) { Encoding encoding = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding; string output = encoding.GetString(ms.ToArray()); output = FixPaths(output); ms = new MemoryStream(output.Length); byte[] buffer = encoding.GetBytes(output); ms.Write(buffer,0,buffer.Length); return ms; } private string FixPaths(string output) { string path = HttpContext.Current.Request.ApplicationPath; // override root path wonkiness if (path == "/") path = ""; output = output.Replace("\"~/", "\"" + path + "/").Replace("'~/", "'" + path + "/"); return output; } The idea of the event handler is that you can do whatever you want to the stream and return back a stream – either the same one that’s been modified or a brand new one – which is then sent back to as the final response. The above code can be simplified even more by using the string version events which handle the stream to string conversions for you: ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformString += filter_TransformString; Response.Filter = filter; and the event handler to do the transformation calling the same FixPaths method shown above: string filter_TransformString(string output) { return FixPaths(output); } The events for capturing output and capturing and transforming chunks work in a very similar way. By using events to handle the transformations ResponseFilterStream becomes a reusable component and we don’t have to create a new stream class or subclass an existing Stream based classed. By the way, the example used here is kind of a cool trick which transforms “~/” expressions inside of the final generated HTML output – even in plain HTML controls not HTML controls – and transforms them into the appropriate application relative path in the same way that ResolveUrl would do. So you can write plain old HTML like this: <a href=”~/default.aspx”>Home</a>  and have it turned into: <a href=”/myVirtual/default.aspx”>Home</a>  without having to use an ASP.NET control like Hyperlink or Image or having to constantly use: <img src=”<%= ResolveUrl(“~/images/home.gif”) %>” /> in MVC applications (which frankly is one of the most annoying things about MVC especially given the path hell that extension-less and endpoint-less URLs impose). I can’t take credit for this idea. While discussing the Response.Filter issues on Twitter a hint from Dylan Beattie who pointed me at one of his examples which does something similar. I thought the idea was cool enough to use an example for future demos of Response.Filter functionality in ASP.NET next I time I do the Modules and Handlers talk (which was great fun BTW). How practical this is is debatable however since there’s definitely some overhead to using a Response.Filter in general and especially on one that caches the output and the re-writes it later. Make sure to test for performance anytime you use Response.Filter hookup and make sure it' doesn’t end up killing perf on you. You’ve been warned :-}. How does ResponseFilterStream work? The big win of this implementation IMHO is that it’s a reusable  component – so for implementation there’s no new class, no subclassing – you simply attach to an event to implement an event handler method with a straight forward signature to retrieve the stream or string you’re interested in. The implementation is based on a subclass of Stream as is required in order to handle the Response.Filter requirements. What’s different than other implementations I’ve seen in various places is that it supports capturing output as a whole to allow retrieving the full response output for capture or modification. The exception are the TransformWrite and TransformWrite events which operate only active chunk of data written by the Response. For captured output, the Write() method captures output into an internal MemoryStream that is cached until writing is complete. So Write() is called when ASP.NET writes to the Response stream, but the filter doesn’t pass on the Write immediately to the filter’s internal stream. The data is cached and only when the Flush() method is called to finalize the Stream’s output do we actually send the cached stream off for transformation (if the events are hooked up) and THEN finally write out the returned content in one big chunk. Here’s the implementation of ResponseFilterStream: /// <summary> /// A semi-generic Stream implementation for Response.Filter with /// an event interface for handling Content transformations via /// Stream or String. /// <remarks> /// Use with care for large output as this implementation copies /// the output into a memory stream and so increases memory usage. /// </remarks> /// </summary> public class ResponseFilterStream : Stream { /// <summary> /// The original stream /// </summary> Stream _stream; /// <summary> /// Current position in the original stream /// </summary> long _position; /// <summary> /// Stream that original content is read into /// and then passed to TransformStream function /// </summary> MemoryStream _cacheStream = new MemoryStream(5000); /// <summary> /// Internal pointer that that keeps track of the size /// of the cacheStream /// </summary> int _cachePointer = 0; /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="responseStream"></param> public ResponseFilterStream(Stream responseStream) { _stream = responseStream; } /// <summary> /// Determines whether the stream is captured /// </summary> private bool IsCaptured { get { if (CaptureStream != null || CaptureString != null || TransformStream != null || TransformString != null) return true; return false; } } /// <summary> /// Determines whether the Write method is outputting data immediately /// or delaying output until Flush() is fired. /// </summary> private bool IsOutputDelayed { get { if (TransformStream != null || TransformString != null) return true; return false; } } /// <summary> /// Event that captures Response output and makes it available /// as a MemoryStream instance. Output is captured but won't /// affect Response output. /// </summary> public event Action<MemoryStream> CaptureStream; /// <summary> /// Event that captures Response output and makes it available /// as a string. Output is captured but won't affect Response output. /// </summary> public event Action<string> CaptureString; /// <summary> /// Event that allows you transform the stream as each chunk of /// the output is written in the Write() operation of the stream. /// This means that that it's possible/likely that the input /// buffer will not contain the full response output but only /// one of potentially many chunks. /// /// This event is called as part of the filter stream's Write() /// operation. /// </summary> public event Func<byte[], byte[]> TransformWrite; /// <summary> /// Event that allows you to transform the response stream as /// each chunk of bytep[] output is written during the stream's write /// operation. This means it's possibly/likely that the string /// passed to the handler only contains a portion of the full /// output. Typical buffer chunks are around 16k a piece. /// /// This event is called as part of the stream's Write operation. /// </summary> public event Func<string, string> TransformWriteString; /// <summary> /// This event allows capturing and transformation of the entire /// output stream by caching all write operations and delaying final /// response output until Flush() is called on the stream. /// </summary> public event Func<MemoryStream, MemoryStream> TransformStream; /// <summary> /// Event that can be hooked up to handle Response.Filter /// Transformation. Passed a string that you can modify and /// return back as a return value. The modified content /// will become the final output. /// </summary> public event Func<string, string> TransformString; protected virtual void OnCaptureStream(MemoryStream ms) { if (CaptureStream != null) CaptureStream(ms); } private void OnCaptureStringInternal(MemoryStream ms) { if (CaptureString != null) { string content = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding.GetString(ms.ToArray()); OnCaptureString(content); } } protected virtual void OnCaptureString(string output) { if (CaptureString != null) CaptureString(output); } protected virtual byte[] OnTransformWrite(byte[] buffer) { if (TransformWrite != null) return TransformWrite(buffer); return buffer; } private byte[] OnTransformWriteStringInternal(byte[] buffer) { Encoding encoding = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding; string output = OnTransformWriteString(encoding.GetString(buffer)); return encoding.GetBytes(output); } private string OnTransformWriteString(string value) { if (TransformWriteString != null) return TransformWriteString(value); return value; } protected virtual MemoryStream OnTransformCompleteStream(MemoryStream ms) { if (TransformStream != null) return TransformStream(ms); return ms; } /// <summary> /// Allows transforming of strings /// /// Note this handler is internal and not meant to be overridden /// as the TransformString Event has to be hooked up in order /// for this handler to even fire to avoid the overhead of string /// conversion on every pass through. /// </summary> /// <param name="responseText"></param> /// <returns></returns> private string OnTransformCompleteString(string responseText) { if (TransformString != null) TransformString(responseText); return responseText; } /// <summary> /// Wrapper method form OnTransformString that handles /// stream to string and vice versa conversions /// </summary> /// <param name="ms"></param> /// <returns></returns> internal MemoryStream OnTransformCompleteStringInternal(MemoryStream ms) { if (TransformString == null) return ms; //string content = ms.GetAsString(); string content = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding.GetString(ms.ToArray()); content = TransformString(content); byte[] buffer = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding.GetBytes(content); ms = new MemoryStream(); ms.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); //ms.WriteString(content); return ms; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override bool CanRead { get { return true; } } public override bool CanSeek { get { return true; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override bool CanWrite { get { return true; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override long Length { get { return 0; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override long Position { get { return _position; } set { _position = value; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="offset"></param> /// <param name="direction"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override long Seek(long offset, System.IO.SeekOrigin direction) { return _stream.Seek(offset, direction); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="length"></param> public override void SetLength(long length) { _stream.SetLength(length); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override void Close() { _stream.Close(); } /// <summary> /// Override flush by writing out the cached stream data /// </summary> public override void Flush() { if (IsCaptured && _cacheStream.Length > 0) { // Check for transform implementations _cacheStream = OnTransformCompleteStream(_cacheStream); _cacheStream = OnTransformCompleteStringInternal(_cacheStream); OnCaptureStream(_cacheStream); OnCaptureStringInternal(_cacheStream); // write the stream back out if output was delayed if (IsOutputDelayed) _stream.Write(_cacheStream.ToArray(), 0, (int)_cacheStream.Length); // Clear the cache once we've written it out _cacheStream.SetLength(0); } // default flush behavior _stream.Flush(); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="buffer"></param> /// <param name="offset"></param> /// <param name="count"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { return _stream.Read(buffer, offset, count); } /// <summary> /// Overriden to capture output written by ASP.NET and captured /// into a cached stream that is written out later when Flush() /// is called. /// </summary> /// <param name="buffer"></param> /// <param name="offset"></param> /// <param name="count"></param> public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { if ( IsCaptured ) { // copy to holding buffer only - we'll write out later _cacheStream.Write(buffer, 0, count); _cachePointer += count; } // just transform this buffer if (TransformWrite != null) buffer = OnTransformWrite(buffer); if (TransformWriteString != null) buffer = OnTransformWriteStringInternal(buffer); if (!IsOutputDelayed) _stream.Write(buffer, offset, buffer.Length); } } The key features are the events and corresponding OnXXX methods that handle the event hookups, and the Write() and Flush() methods of the stream implementation. All the rest of the members tend to be plain jane passthrough stream implementation code without much consequence. I do love the way Action<t> and Func<T> make it so easy to create the event signatures for the various events – sweet. A few Things to consider Performance Response.Filter is not great for performance in general as it adds another layer of indirection to the ASP.NET output pipeline, and this implementation in particular adds a memory hit as it basically duplicates the response output into the cached memory stream which is necessary since you may have to look at the entire response. If you have large pages in particular this can cause potentially serious memory pressure in your server application. So be careful of wholesale adoption of this (or other) Response.Filters. Make sure to do some performance testing to ensure it’s not killing your app’s performance. Response.Filter works everywhere A few questions came up in comments and discussion as to capturing ALL output hitting the site and – yes you can definitely do that by assigning a Response.Filter inside of a module. If you do this however you’ll want to be very careful and decide which content you actually want to capture especially in IIS 7 which passes ALL content – including static images/CSS etc. through the ASP.NET pipeline. So it is important to filter only on what you’re looking for – like the page extension or maybe more effectively the Response.ContentType. Response.Filter Chaining Originally I thought that filter chaining doesn’t work at all due to a bug in the stream implementation code. But it’s quite possible to assign multiple filters to the Response.Filter property. So the following actually works to both compress the output and apply the transformed content: WebUtils.GZipEncodePage(); ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformString += filter_TransformString; Response.Filter = filter; However the following does not work resulting in invalid content encoding errors: ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformString += filter_TransformString; Response.Filter = filter; WebUtils.GZipEncodePage(); In other words multiple Response filters can work together but it depends entirely on the implementation whether they can be chained or in which order they can be chained. In this case running the GZip/Deflate stream filters apparently relies on the original content length of the output and chokes when the content is modified. But if attaching the compression first it works fine as unintuitive as that may seem. Resources Download example code Capture Output from ASP.NET Pages © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in ASP.NET  

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  • Associating File Types with AutoVue Desktop Deployment

    - by [email protected]
    Windows users take for granted that when they double click on a document or design, that it will open up in its application automatically. One of the questions I'm commonly asked is "How can I get the same behavior with AutoVue Desktop Deployment?". It's pretty easy, but there are a few tricks to doing it. Step 1: Download new jvue_direct.bat and icon The first thing you'll need to do is download a slightly modified version of jvue_direct.bat. You can find it here (Document 1075784.1) on Oracle's Support Portal. You also want to download the AV.ico file. This is the icon that will be used for all file types associated with AutoVue. Place both of these files in your <AutoVueInstallDirectory>\bin directory. Step 2: Associate File Types With AutoVue There are two ways to do this. You can do this through the Windows user interface, or you can set up a batch file to do this. Associating File Types Through Windows The way most people associate file types to an application is using the Windows user interface. You've probably tried to open a file type that Windows doesn't recognize and seen this window pop up: Although you can use this dialog to associate that file type with AutoVue, I don't recommend it. I much prefer using a batch file to associate file types with AutoVue. Associating File Types Using A Batch File There are a few good reasons to associate file types using a batch file instead of using the pop-up dialog method: If you have several file types to associate with AutoVue, it's much easier to use a batch file to do them all at once. Doing it through the Windows user interface requires having files of each type available. Using a batch file doesn't require having the files you're associating. Associating file types through the dialog may work well for one person, but what if you're an administrator doing an enterprise wide deployment of AutoVue Desktop Deployment for several hundred users? You don't want to do this manually for each user. You can have one simple batch file that's run on each user's PC to set up all the file types. You can easily associate an icon with the file types you're opening with AutoVue. To use the batch file method follow these steps: Create a file called filetype.bat using a text editor and copy and paste the following into it: @assoc .dwg=AVFile @assoc .jpg=AVFile @assoc .doc=AVFile @ftype AVFile="%~dp0jvue_direct.bat" "%%1" @reg add HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\AVFile\DefaultIcon /v "" /f /d "%~dp0AV.ico" Change the lines starting with @assoc. Each of these lines associates a file extension with AutoVue. You can have as many @assoc lines as you want. Save this file in your <AutoVueInstallDirectory>\bin directory. Double click this file, or run it from a command prompt. Restart Windows to get the icons to show up. How Does This Work? The first three lines are creating a file type called AVFile. We are associating the extensions .dwg, .jpg, and .doc with this file type. You will want to change these lines when creating your own batch file. For example, to associate Microstation designs, which have extension .dgn, you should delete the @assoc lines above and add the line: @assoc .dgn=AVfile The line beginning with @ftype tells Windows that all AVFile type files should be opened using AutoVue Desktop Deployment. The final line associates the AutoVue icon with these file types. You may need to restart Windows to see the new icons. Warning: One Size Doesn't Fit All When deciding which file types should be associated with AutoVue, remember that there are different types of users using it. Your engineers may be pretty surprised to find that after installing AutoVue, double clicking their .dwg file opens up AutoVue instead of AutoCAD. If you have more than one type of AutoVue user, make sure you've considered what file types each user group will and will not want to be associated with AutoVue. If necessary, create a separate file association batch file for each user type. So that's it. In two simple steps you can double click your favorite designs and have them open automatically in AutoVue Desktop Deployment. I'd love to hear how are you using AutoVue Desktop Deployment. What other deployment tips would you be interested in learning about?

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  • SSAS: Using fake dimension and scopes for dynamic ranges

    - by DigiMortal
    In one of my BI projects I needed to find count of objects in income range. Usual solution with range dimension was useless because range where object belongs changes in time. These ranges depend on calculation that is done over incomes measure so I had really no option to use some classic solution. Thanks to SSAS forums I got my problem solved and here is the solution. The problem – how to create dynamic ranges? I have two dimensions in SSAS cube: one for invoices related to objects rent and the other for objects. There is measure that sums invoice totals and two calculations. One of these calculations performs some computations based on object income and some other object attributes. Second calculation uses first one to define income ranges where object belongs. What I need is query that returns me how much objects there are in each group. I cannot use dimension for range because on one date object may belong to one range and two days later to another income range. By example, if object is not rented out for two days it makes no money and it’s income stays the same as before. If object is rented out after two days it makes some income and this income may move it to another income range. Solution – fake dimension and scopes Thanks to Gerhard Brueckl from pmOne I got everything work fine after some struggling with BI Studio. The original discussion he pointed out can be found from SSAS official forums thread Create a banding dimension that groups by a calculated measure. Solution was pretty simple by nature – we have to define fake dimension for our range and use scopes to assign values for object count measure. Object count measure is primitive – it just counts objects and that’s it. We will use it to find out how many objects belong to one or another range. We also need table for fake ranges and we have to fill it with ranges used in ranges calculation. After creating the table and filling it with ranges we can add fake range dimension to our cube. Let’s see now how to solve the problem step-by-step. Solving the problem Suppose you have ranges calculation defined like this: CASE WHEN [Measures].[ComplexCalc] < 0 THEN 'Below 0'WHEN [Measures].[ComplexCalc] >=0 AND  [Measures].[ComplexCalc] <=50 THEN '0 - 50'...END Let’s create now new table to our analysis database and name it as FakeIncomeRange. Here is the definition for table: CREATE TABLE [FakeIncomeRange] (     [range_id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,     [range_name] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,     CONSTRAINT [pk_fake_income_range] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED      (         [range_id] ASC     ) ) Don’t forget to fill this table with range labels you are using in ranges calculation. To use ranges from table we have to add this table to our data source view and create new dimension. We cannot bind this table to other tables but we have to leave it like it is. Our dimension has two attributes: ID and Name. The next thing to create is calculation that returns objects count. This calculation is also fake because we override it’s values for all ranges later. Objects count measure can be defined as calculation like this: COUNT([Object].[Object].[Object].members) Now comes the most crucial part of our solution – defining the scopes. Based on data used in this posting we have to define scope for each of our ranges. Here is the example for first range. SCOPE([FakeIncomeRange].[Name].&[Below 0], [Measures].[ObjectCount])     This=COUNT(            FILTER(                [Object].[Object].[Object].members,                 [Measures].[ComplexCalc] < 0          )     ) END SCOPE To get these scopes defined in cube we need MDX script blocks for each line given here. Take a look at the screenshot to get better idea what I mean. This example is given from SQL Server books online to avoid conflicts with NDA. :) From previous example the lines (MDX scripts) are: Line starting with SCOPE Block for This = Line with END SCOPE And now it is time to deploy and process our cube. Although you may see examples where there are semicolons in the end of statements you don’t need them. Visual Studio BI tools generate separate command from each script block so you don’t need to worry about it.

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  • Mapping UrlEncoded POST Values in ASP.NET Web API

    - by Rick Strahl
    If there's one thing that's a bit unexpected in ASP.NET Web API, it's the limited support for mapping url encoded POST data values to simple parameters of ApiController methods. When I first looked at this I thought I was doing something wrong, because it seems mighty odd that you can bind query string values to parameters by name, but can't bind POST values to parameters in the same way. To demonstrate here's a simple example. If you have a Web API method like this:[HttpGet] public HttpResponseMessage Authenticate(string username, string password) { …} and then hit with a URL like this: http://localhost:88/samples/authenticate?Username=ricks&Password=sekrit it works just fine. The query string values are mapped to the username and password parameters of our API method. But if you now change the method to work with [HttpPost] instead like this:[HttpPost] public HttpResponseMessage Authenticate(string username, string password) { …} and hit it with a POST HTTP Request like this: POST http://localhost:88/samples/authenticate HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost:88 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 30 Username=ricks&Password=sekrit you'll find that while the request works, it doesn't actually receive the two string parameters. The username and password parameters are null and so the method is definitely going to fail. When I mentioned this over Twitter a few days ago I got a lot of responses back of why I'd want to do this in the first place - after all HTML Form submissions are the domain of MVC and not WebAPI which is a valid point. However, the more common use case is using POST Variables with AJAX calls. The following is quite common for passing simple values:$.post(url,{ Username: "Rick", Password: "sekrit" },function(result) {…}); but alas that doesn't work. How ASP.NET Web API handles Content Bodies Web API supports parsing content data in a variety of ways, but it does not deal with multiple posted content values. In effect you can only post a single content value to a Web API Action method. That one parameter can be very complex and you can bind it in a variety of ways, but ultimately you're tied to a single POST content value in your parameter definition. While it's possible to support multiple parameters on a POST/PUT operation, only one parameter can be mapped to the actual content - the rest have to be mapped to route values or the query string. Web API treats the whole request body as one big chunk of data that is sent to a Media Type Formatter that's responsible for de-serializing the content into whatever value the method requires. The restriction comes from async nature of Web API where the request data is read only once inside of the formatter that retrieves and deserializes it. Because it's read once, checking for content (like individual POST variables) first is not possible. However, Web API does provide a couple of ways to access the form POST data: Model Binding - object property mapping to bind POST values FormDataCollection - collection of POST keys/values ModelBinding POST Values - Binding POST data to Object Properties The recommended way to handle POST values in Web API is to use Model Binding, which maps individual urlencoded POST values to properties of a model object provided as the parameter. Model binding requires a single object as input to be bound to the POST data, with each POST key that matches a property name (including nested properties like Address.Street) being mapped and updated including automatic type conversion of simple types. This is a very nice feature - and a familiar one from MVC - that makes it very easy to have model objects mapped directly from inbound data. The obvious drawback with Model Binding is that you need a model for it to work: You have to provide a strongly typed object that can receive the data and this object has to map the inbound data. To rewrite the example above to use ModelBinding I have to create a class maps the properties that I need as parameters:public class LoginData { public string Username { get; set; } public string Password { get; set; } } and then accept the data like this in the API method:[HttpPost] public HttpResponseMessage Authenticate(LoginData login) { string username = login.Username; string password = login.Password; … } This works fine mapping the POST values to the properties of the login object. As a side benefit of this method definition, the method now also allows posting of JSON or XML to the same endpoint. If I change my request to send JSON like this: POST http://localhost:88/samples/authenticate HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost:88 Accept: application/jsonContent-type: application/json Content-Length: 40 {"Username":"ricks","Password":"sekrit"} it works as well and transparently, courtesy of the nice Content Negotiation features of Web API. There's nothing wrong with using Model binding and in fact it's a common practice to use (view) model object for inputs coming back from the client and mapping them into these models. But it can be  kind of a hassle if you have AJAX applications with a ton of backend hits, especially if many methods are very atomic and focused and don't effectively require a model or view. Not always do you have to pass structured data, but sometimes there are just a couple of simple response values that need to be sent back. If all you need is to pass a couple operational parameters, creating a view model object just for parameter purposes seems like overkill. Maybe you can use the query string instead (if that makes sense), but if you can't then you can often end up with a plethora of 'message objects' that serve no further  purpose than to make Model Binding work. Note that you can accept multiple parameters with ModelBinding so the following would still work:[HttpPost] public HttpResponseMessage Authenticate(LoginData login, string loginDomain) but only the object will be bound to POST data. As long as loginDomain comes from the querystring or route data this will work. Collecting POST values with FormDataCollection Another more dynamic approach to handle POST values is to collect POST data into a FormDataCollection. FormDataCollection is a very basic key/value collection (like FormCollection in MVC and Request.Form in ASP.NET in general) and then read the values out individually by querying each. [HttpPost] public HttpResponseMessage Authenticate(FormDataCollection form) { var username = form.Get("Username"); var password = form.Get("Password"); …} The downside to this approach is that it's not strongly typed, you have to handle type conversions on non-string parameters, and it gets a bit more complicated to test such as setup as you have to seed a FormDataCollection with data. On the other hand it's flexible and easy to use and especially with string parameters is easy to deal with. It's also dynamic, so if the client sends you a variety of combinations of values on which you make operating decisions, this is much easier to work with than a strongly typed object that would have to account for all possible values up front. The downside is that the code looks old school and isn't as self-documenting as a parameter list or object parameter would be. Nevertheless it's totally functionality and a viable choice for collecting POST values. What about [FromBody]? Web API also has a [FromBody] attribute that can be assigned to parameters. If you have multiple parameters on a Web API method signature you can use [FromBody] to specify which one will be parsed from the POST content. Unfortunately it's not terribly useful as it only returns content in raw format and requires a totally non-standard format ("=content") to specify your content. For more info in how FromBody works and several related issues to how POST data is mapped, you can check out Mike Stalls post: How WebAPI does Parameter Binding Not really sure where the Web API team thought [FromBody] would really be a good fit other than a down and dirty way to send a full string buffer. Extending Web API to make multiple POST Vars work? Don't think so Clearly there's no native support for multiple POST variables being mapped to parameters, which is a bit of a bummer. I know in my own work on one project my customer actually found this to be a real sticking point in their AJAX backend work, and we ended up not using Web API and using MVC JSON features instead. That's kind of sad because Web API is supposed to be the proper solution for AJAX backends. With all of ASP.NET Web API's extensibility you'd think there would be some way to build this functionality on our own, but after spending a bit of time digging and asking some of the experts from the team and Web API community I didn't hear anything that even suggests that this is possible. From what I could find I'd say it's not possible primarily because Web API's Routing engine does not account for the POST variable mapping. This means [HttpPost] methods with url encoded POST buffers are not mapped to the parameters of the endpoint, and so the routes would never even trigger a request that could be intercepted. Once the routing doesn't work there's not much that can be done. If somebody has an idea how this could be accomplished I would love to hear about it. Do we really need multi-value POST mapping? I think that that POST value mapping is a feature that one would expect of any API tool to have. If you look at common APIs out there like Flicker and Google Maps etc. they all work with POST data. POST data is very prominent much more so than JSON inputs and so supporting as many options that enable would seem to be crucial. All that aside, Web API does provide very nice features with Model Binding that allows you to capture many POST variables easily enough, and logistically this will let you build whatever you need with POST data of all shapes as long as you map objects. But having to have an object for every operation that receives a data input is going to take its toll in heavy AJAX applications, with a lot of types created that do nothing more than act as parameter containers. I also think that POST variable mapping is an expected behavior and Web APIs non-support will likely result in many, many questions like this one: How do I bind a simple POST value in ASP.NET WebAPI RC? with no clear answer to this question. I hope for V.next of WebAPI Microsoft will consider this a feature that's worth adding. Related Articles Passing multiple POST parameters to Web API Controller Methods Mike Stall's post: How Web API does Parameter Binding Where does ASP.NET Web API Fit?© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Web Api   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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