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• How do I override a python import?

  - by Evan Plaice

  So I'm working on pypreprocessor which is a preprocessor that takes c-style directives and I've been able to make it work like a traditional preprocessor (it's self-consuming and executes postprocessed code on-the-fly) except that it breaks library imports. The problem is. The preprocessor runs through the file, processes' it, outputs to a temp file, and exec() the temp file. Libraries that are imported need to be handled a little different because they aren't executed but rather loaded and made accessible to the caller module. What I need to be able to do is. Interrupt the import (since the preprocessor is being run in the middle of the import), load the postprocessed code as a tempModule, and replace the original import with the tempModule to trick the calling script with the import into believing that the tempModule is the original module. I have searched everywhere and so far, have no solution. This question is the closest I've seen so far to providing an answer: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1096216/override-namespace-in-python Here's what I have. # remove the bytecode file created by the first import os.remove(moduleName + '.pyc') # remove the first import del sys.modules[moduleName] # import the postprocessed module tmpModule = __import__(tmpModuleName) # set first module's reference to point to the preprocessed module sys.modules[moduleName] = tmpModule moduleName is the name of the original module, tmpModuleName is the name of the postprocessed code file. The strange part is, this solution still runs completely normal as if the first module completed loaded normally; unless you remove the last line, then you get a module not found error. Hopefully someone on SO know a lot more about imports than I do because this one has me stumped.

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• How can I change the Python that my Django project is using?

  - by Burak

  I have 2 versions installed in my server. I used virtualenv to install Python 2.7. I am using WSGI to deploy my project. WSGIPythonPath /home/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/html/my_project/wsgi.py My http.conf is like that. python -V gives Python 2.7.3 But in my projects Debug window, it says Django is using 2.6.8. Where am I wrong? UPDATE: Here is my wsgi file import os import sys sys.path.append('/var/www/html') os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "myproject.settings") from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application application = get_wsgi_application() Python Version: 2.6.8 Python Path: ['/home/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg', '/home/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-1.1-py2.7.egg', '/home/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Django-1.4-py2.7.egg', '/home/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip-1.1-py2.6.egg', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django_transmeta-0.6.7-py2.6.egg', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/ipython-0.13-py2.6.egg', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/virtualenv-1.7.2-py2.6.egg', '/usr/lib64/python26.zip', '/usr/lib64/python2.6', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/plat-linux2', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-tk', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-old', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-dynload', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/gtk-2.0', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg-info', '/var/www/html'] In my error_log of httpd: [Tue Jul 10 20:51:29 2012] [error] python_init: Python version mismatch, expected '2.6.7', found '2.6.8'. [Tue Jul 10 20:51:29 2012] [error] python_init: Python executable found '/usr/bin/python'. [Tue Jul 10 20:51:29 2012] [error] python_init: Python path being used '/usr/lib64/python26.zip:/usr/lib64/python2.6/:/usr/lib64/python2.6/plat-linux2:/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-tk:/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-old:/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-dynload'.

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• ASP can't connect to SQL Server database

  - by birdus

  I'm trying to get a classic ASP application to connect to a local SQL Server 2008 database. The app and database were built by someone else. I'm just trying to get them installed and running on my machine (Windows 7). I'm getting the following error when when the ASP app tries to connect to the database: Could not connect to database: Error Number: -2147467259 Error Message: [ConnectionOpen (Connect()).] does not exist or access denied. I don't see any messages in the Windows Event Viewer. I'm looking at: Event Viewer-Windows Logs-Application. It's a fresh database install using a simple restore. The SQL Server install uses the default instance. SQL Server and Windows authentication are both allowed. I left the existing connection string (in the ASP code) in tact and just tried adding that to my SQL Server installation. Here's the connection string: strConn = "PROVIDER=SQLOLEDB;SERVER=localhost;UID=TheUser;PWD=ThePassword;DATABASE=TheDatabase;" To add that user to SQL Server, I went to Security/Logins in SSMS and added the user and the password. I selected the database in question as the Default database. I thought that might do the trick, but it didn't. Then, I went into TheDatabase, then went into Security there. I added a new user there, referencing the new user I had already added in server Security. Under Owned Schemas, I clicked db_owner and under Role Members I checked db_accessadmin and db_owner. None of this gave the ASP application access to the database. The sid values match in sys.database_principals and sys.server_principals for the login in question. I am able to login to SSMS using this login. The app needs to execute selects against the database like this: oConn.Execute('select * from someTable') I'm not a DBA and am sort of grasping at straws here. How do I get this thing connected? Thanks, Jay

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• What is the Pythonic way to implement a simple FSM?

  - by Vicky

  Yesterday I had to parse a very simple binary data file - the rule is, look for two bytes in a row that are both 0xAA, then the next byte will be a length byte, then skip 9 bytes and output the given amount of data from there. Repeat to the end of the file. My solution did work, and was very quick to put together (even though I am a C programmer at heart, I still think it was quicker for me to write this in Python than it would have been in C) - BUT, it is clearly not at all Pythonic and it reads like a C program (and not a very good one at that!) What would be a better / more Pythonic approach to this? Is a simple FSM like this even still the right choice in Python? My solution: #! /usr/bin/python import sys f = open(sys.argv[1], "rb") state = 0 if f: for byte in f.read(): a = ord(byte) if state == 0: if a == 0xAA: state = 1 elif state == 1: if a == 0xAA: state = 2 else: state = 0 elif state == 2: count = a; skip = 9 state = 3 elif state == 3: skip = skip -1 if skip == 0: state = 4 elif state == 4: print "%02x" %a count = count -1 if count == 0: state = 0 print "\r\n"

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• Give the mount point of a path

  - by Charles Stewart

  The following, very non-robust shell code will give the mount point of $path: (for i in $(df|cut -c 63-99); do case $path in $i*) echo $i;; esac; done) | tail -n 1 Is there a better way to do this? Postscript This script is really awful, but has the redeeming quality that it Works On My Systems. Note that several mount points may be prefixes of $path. Examples On a Linux system: cas@txtproof:~$ path=/sys/block/hda1 cas@txtproof:~$ for i in $(df -a|cut -c 57-99); do case $path in $i*) echo $i;; esac; done| tail -1 /sys On a Mac osx system cas local$ path=/dev/fd/0 cas local$ for i in $(df -a|cut -c 63-99); do case $path in $i*) echo $i;; esac; done| tail -1 /dev Note the need to vary cut's parameters, because of the way df's output differs: indeed, awk is better. Answer It looks like munging tabular output is the only way within the shell, but df /dev/fd/impossible | tail -1 | awk '{ print $NF}' is a big improvement on what I had. Note two differences in semantics: firstly, df $path insists that $path names an existing file, the script I had above doesn't care; secondly, there are no worries about dereferncing symlinks. It's not difficult to write Python code to do the job.

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• why malloc+memset slower than calloc?

  - by kingkai

  It's known that calloc differentiates itself with malloc in which it initializes the memory alloted. With calloc, the memory is set to zero. With malloc, the memory is not cleared. So in everyday work, i regard calloc as malloc+memset. Incidentally, for fun, i wrote the following codes for benchmark. The result is confused. Code 1: #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #define BLOCK_SIZE 1024*1024*256 int main() { int i=0; char *buf[10]; while(i<10) { buf[i] = (char*)calloc(1,BLOCK_SIZE); i++; } } time ./a.out real 0m0.287s user 0m0.095s sys 0m0.192s Code 2: #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> #define BLOCK_SIZE 1024*1024*256 int main() { int i=0; char *buf[10]; while(i<10) { buf[i] = (char*)malloc(BLOCK_SIZE); memset(buf[i],'\0',BLOCK_SIZE); i++; } } time ./a.out real 0m2.693s user 0m0.973s sys 0m1.721s Repalce memset with bzero(buf[i],BLOCK_SIZE) in Code 2 produce the result alike. My Question is that why malloc+memset is so much slower than calloc? How can calloc do that ? Thanks!

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• re.sub emptying list

  - by jmau5

  def process_dialect_translation_rules(): # Read in lines from the text file specified in sys.argv[1], stripping away # excess whitespace and discarding comments (lines that start with '##'). f_lines = [line.strip() for line in open(sys.argv[1], 'r').readlines()] f_lines = filter(lambda line: not re.match(r'##', line), f_lines) # Remove any occurances of the pattern '\s*<=>\s*'. This leaves us with a # list of lists. Each 2nd level list has two elements: the value to be # translated from and the value to be translated to. Use the sub function # from the re module to get rid of those pesky asterisks. f_lines = [re.split(r'\s*<=>\s*', line) for line in f_lines] f_lines = [re.sub(r'"', '', elem) for elem in line for line in f_lines] This function should take the lines from a file and perform some operations on the lines, such as removing any lines that begin with ##. Another operation that I wish to perform is to remove the quotation marks around the words in the line. However, when the final line of this script runs, f_lines becomes an empty lines. What happened? Requested lines of original file: ## English-Geek Reversible Translation File #1 ## (Moderate Geek) ## Created by Todd WAreham, October 2009 "TV show" <=> "STAR TREK" "food" <=> "pizza" "drink" <=> "Red Bull" "computer" <=> "TRS 80" "girlfriend" <=> "significant other"

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• T4 trouble compiling transformation

  - by John Leidegren

  I can't figure this one out. Why doesn't T4 locate the IEnumerable type? I'm using Visual Studio 2010. And I just hope someone knows why? <#@ template debug="true" hostspecific="false" language="C#" #> <#@ assembly name="System.Data, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" #> <#@ import namespace="System" #> <#@ import namespace="System.Data" #> <#@ import namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" #> <#@ output extension=".cs" #> public static class Tables { <# var q = @" SELECT tbl.name 'table', col.name 'column' FROM sys.tables tbl INNER JOIN sys.columns col ON col.object_id = tbl.object_id "; // var source = Execute(q); #> } <#+ static IEnumerable Execute(string cmdText) { using (var conn = new SqlConnection(@"Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=t4build;Integrated Security=True;")) { conn.Open(); var cmd = new SqlCommand(cmdText, conn); using (var reader = cmd.ExecuteReader()) { while (reader.Read()) { } } } } #> Error 2 Compiling transformation: The type or namespace name 'IEnumerable' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) c:\Projects\T4BuildApp\T4BuildApp\TextTemplate1.tt 26 9

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• Jython & Mysql - what is the current practice for connection?

  - by Sector7B

  Just trying jython for the first time, because something came up at work that would fit for this perfect for it. I assume jython can make mysql jdbc connection using the mysql jdbc driver. After googling and reading, however I am having problems and it seems jython specific and probably simple. so i do jython: Jython 2.5.1 (Release_2_5_1:6813, Sep 26 2009, 13:47:54) [Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (Apple Inc.)] on java1.6.0_17 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import sys >>> print sys.path ['', '/JYTHONPATH/mysql-connector-java-5.1.10-bin.jar', '/WorkArea/Apps/jython/jython2.5.1/Lib', '__classpath__', '__pyclasspath__/', '/WorkArea/Apps/jython/jython2.5.1/Lib/site-packages'] >>> code i'm running from java.lang import * from java.sql import * driverName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" Class.forName(driverName) url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/test?user=jgreenaw&password=" con = DriverManager.getConnection(url) stmt = con.createStatement() output riux:Desktop$ jython pymysql.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "pymysql.py", line 7, in <module> Class.forName(driverName) at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:200) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:188) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:315) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:330) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:250) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:398) at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:169) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver any advice? thanks

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• Segmentation Fault

  - by Biranchi

  Hi All, I have the following piece of code for getting the hostname and IP address, #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <netdb.h> /* This is the header file needed for gethostbyname() */ #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct hostent *he; if (argc!=2){ printf("Usage: %s <hostname>\n",argv[0]); exit(-1); } if ((he=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL){ printf("gethostbyname() error\n"); exit(-1); } printf("Hostname : %s\n",he->h_name); /* prints the hostname */ printf("IP Address: %s\n",inet_ntoa(*((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr))); /* prints IP address */ } but i am getting a warning and segmentation fault as host.c: In function ‘main’: host.c:24: warning: format ‘%s’ expects type ‘char *’, but argument 2 has type ‘int’ What is the error in the code ?? Thanks

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• Variable modification in a child process

  - by teaLeef

  I am working on Bryant and O'Hallaron's Computer Systems, A Programmer's Perspective. Exercise 8.16 asks for the output of a program like (I changed it because they use a header file you can download on their website): #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <errno.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> int counter = 1; int main() { if (fork() == 0){ counter--; exit(0); } else{ Wait(NULL); printf("counter = %d\n", ++counter); } exit(0); } I answered "counter = 1" because the parent process waits for its children to terminate and then increments counter. But the child first decrements it. However, when I tested the program, I found that the correct answer was "counter = 2". Is the variable "counter" different in the child and in the parent process? If not, then why is the answer 2?

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• How to setup and teardown temporary django db for unit testing?

  - by blokeley

  I would like to have a python module containing some unit tests that I can pass to hg bisect --command. The unit tests are testing some functionality of a django app, but I don't think I can use hg bisect --command manage.py test mytestapp because mytestapp would have to be enabled in settings.py, and the edits to settings.py would be clobbered when hg bisect updates the working directory. Therefore, I would like to know if something like the following is the best way to go: import functools, os, sys, unittest sys.path.append(path_to_myproject) os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'myapp.settings' def with_test_db(func): """Decorator to setup and teardown test db.""" @functools.wraps def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): try: # Set up temporary django db func(*args, **kwargs) finally: # Tear down temporary django db class TestCase(unittest.TestCase): @with_test_db def test(self): # Do some tests using the temporary django db self.fail('Mark this revision as bad.') if '__main__' == __name__: unittest.main() I should be most grateful if you could advise either: If there is a simpler way, perhaps subclassing django.test.TestCase but not editing settings.py or, if not; What the lines above that say "Set up temporary django db" and "Tear down temporary django db" should be?

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• How do i close a socket after a timeout in node.js?

  - by rramsden

  I'm trying to close a socket after a connection times out after 1000ms. I am able to set a timeout that gets triggered after a 1000ms but I can't seem to destroy the socket... any ideas? var connection = http.createClient(80, 'localhost'); var request = connection.request('GET', '/somefile.xml', {'host':'localhost'}); var start = new Date().getTime(); request.socket.setTimeout(1000); request.socket.addListener("timeout", function() { request.socket.destroy(); sys.puts("socket timeout connection closed"); }); request.addListener("response", function(response) { var responseBody = []; response.setEncoding("utf8"); response.addListener("data", function(chunk) { sys.puts(chunk); responseBody.push(chunk); }); response.addListener("end", function() { }); }); request.end(); returns socket timeout connection closed node.js:29 if (!x) throw new Error(msg || "assertion error"); ^ Error: assertion error at node.js:29:17 at Timer.callback (net:152:20) at node.js:204:9

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• How to import a module from PyPI when I have another module with the same name

  - by kuzzooroo

  I'm trying to use the lockfile module from PyPI. I do my development within Spyder. After installing the module from PyPI, I can't import it by doing import lockfile. I end up importing anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/spyderlib/utils/external/lockfile.py instead. Spyder seems to want to have the spyderlib/utils/external directory at the beginning of sys.path, or at least none of the polite ways I can find to add my other paths get me in front of spyderlib/utils/external. I'm using python2.7 but with from __future__ import absolute_import. Here's what I've already tried: Writing code that modifies sys.path before running import lockfile. This works, but it can't be the correct way of doing things. Circumventing the normal mechanics of importing in Python using the imp module (I haven't gotten this to work yet, but I'm guessing it could be made to work) Installing the package with something like pip install --install-option="--prefix=modules_with_name_collisions" package_name. I haven't gotten this to work yet either, but I'm guess it could be made to work. It looks like this option is intended to create an entirely separate lib tree, which is more than I need. Source Using pip install --target=lockfile_from_pip. The files show up in the directory where I tell them to go, but import doesn't find them. And in fact pip uninstall can't find them either. I get Cannot uninstall requirement lockfile-from-pip, not installed and I guess I will just delete the directories and hope that's clean. Source So what's the preferred way for me to get access to the PyPI lockfile module?

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• Why does mmap() fail with ENOMEM on a 1TB sparse file?

  - by metadaddy

  I've been working with large sparse files on openSUSE 11.2 x86_64. When I try to mmap() a 1TB sparse file, it fails with ENOMEM. I would have thought that the 64 bit address space would be adequate to map in a terabyte, but it seems not. Experimenting further, a 1GB file works fine, but a 2GB file (and anything bigger) fails. I'm guessing there might be a setting somewhere to tweak, but an extensive search turns up nothing. Here's some sample code that shows the problem - any clues? #include <errno.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <unistd.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { char * filename = argv[1]; int fd; off_t size = 1UL << 40; // 30 == 1GB, 40 == 1TB fd = open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666); ftruncate(fd, size); printf("Created %ld byte sparse file\n", size); char * buffer = (char *)mmap(NULL, (size_t)size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0); if ( buffer == MAP_FAILED ) { perror("mmap"); exit(1); } printf("Done mmap - returned 0x0%lx\n", (unsigned long)buffer); strcpy( buffer, "cafebabe" ); printf("Wrote to start\n"); strcpy( buffer + (size - 9), "deadbeef" ); printf("Wrote to end\n"); if ( munmap(buffer, (size_t)size) < 0 ) { perror("munmap"); exit(1); } close(fd); return 0; }

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• Simulation tree command in C

  - by Ecle

  I have to create the simulation of tree command in C, this is my current code: #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <dirent.h> #include <string.h> main(int argc, char *argv[]){ int i; if(argc < 2){ printf("\nError. Use: %s directory\n", argv[0]); system("exit"); } for(i=1;i<argc;i++) //if(argv[i][0] != '-') tree(argv[i]); } tree(char *ruta){ DIR *dirp; struct dirent *dp; static nivel = 0; struct stat buf; char fichero[256]; int i; if((dirp = opendir(path)) == NULL){ perror(path); return; } while((dp = readdir(dirp)) != NULL){ printf(fichero, "%s/%s", path, dp->d_name); if((buf.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR){ for(i=0;i<nivel;i++) printf("\t"); printf("%s\n", dp->d_name); ++nivel; tree(fichero); --nivel; } } } Apparently, it works! (due to it compiles correctly) But I don't why. I can't pass the correct arguments to execute this. Thank you so much, people.

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• Java JRE vs GCJ

  - by Martijn Courteaux

  Hi, I have this results from a speed test I wrote in Java: Java real 0m20.626s user 0m20.257s sys 0m0.244s GCJ real 3m10.567s user 3m5.168s sys 0m0.676s So, what is the but of GCJ then? With this results I'm sure I'm not going to compile it with GCJ! I tested this on Linux, are the results in Windows maybe better than that? This was the code from the application: public static void main(String[] args) { String str = ""; System.out.println("Start!!!"); for (long i = 0; i < 5000000L; i++) { Math.sqrt((double) i); Math.pow((double) i, 2.56); long j = i * 745L; String string = new String(String.valueOf(i)); string = string.concat(" kaka pipi"); // "Kaka pipi" is a kind of childly call in Dutch. string = new String(string.toUpperCase()); if (i % 300 == 0) { str = ""; } else { str += Long.toHexString(i); } } System.out.println("Stop!!!"); }

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• sockaddr_in causing segfault?

  - by Curlystraw

  Working on creating a server/client system in C right now, and I'm having a little trouble with the client part. From what I've seen, I need to use sockaddr_in so I can connect to the server. However, I've been getting a segfault every time. I believe that sockaddr_in has something to do with it, as comment it and it's references later in the program fixes the segfault. code: #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <netinet/in.h> int main(int argc, char** argv) { int Csock; int con; char *data = 0; char buf[101] = ""; struct sockaddr_in addr; Csock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); addr.sin_family = AF_INET; addr.sin_port = htons(3435); con = connect(Csock, (struct sockaddr*) &addr, sizeof(&addr)); write(con, "Text", sizeof("Text")); *data = read(con, buf, 100); puts(data); return 0; } sadly, I am rather new to C, so that's as much as I can figure... can anyone tell me a way to go about eliminating the segfault? Thanks!

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• How do i close a socket after a timeout in node.js?

  - by rramsden

  I'm trying to close a socket after a connection times out after 1000ms. I am able to set a timeout that gets triggered after a 1000ms but I can't seem to destroy the socket... any ideas? var connection = http.createClient(80, 'localhost'); var request = connection.request('GET', '/somefile.xml', {'host':'localhost'}); var start = new Date().getTime(); request.socket.setTimeout(1000); request.socket.addListener("timeout", function() { request.socket.destroy(); sys.puts("socket timeout connection closed"); }); request.addListener("response", function(response) { var responseBody = []; response.setEncoding("utf8"); response.addListener("data", function(chunk) { sys.puts(chunk); responseBody.push(chunk); }); response.addListener("end", function() { }); }); request.end(); returns socket timeout connection closed node.js:29 if (!x) throw new Error(msg || "assertion error"); ^ Error: assertion error at node.js:29:17 at Timer.callback (net:152:20) at node.js:204:9

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• Analyzing BSOD without a dump

  - by eeoo2555

  One of the drivers I'm developing has caused a BSOD. Unfortunately a dump file was not created since it was not configured / low resources. I was trying to reproduce this crash but no luck so far. Is there any way to get some info using WinDbg or any other tool? I have this information: A screenshot of the BSOD The .sys file. Its pdb The source code The machine it was crashed on I have everything except the dump itself. Your help will be much appreciated. As I said above, no dump (/minidump) exists. This is the actual problem. For this specific crash, I know I won't be able to get the stack. Just getting the specific line of code will be good enough. Because the BSOD contains the module's address, it seems like there should be a way to detect which line exactly is it. As I mentioned above, I do have the .sys file, the pdb and the source code. This is the specific code taken from MSDN: SYSTEM_SERVICE_EXCEPTION. How can I know from there what was the specific line? and/or the specific exception raised?

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• How to safely reboot via First Boot script

  - by unixman

  With the cost and performance benefits of the SPARC T4 and SPARC T5 systems undeniably validated, the banking sector is actively moving to Solaris 11.  I was recently asked to help a banking customer of ours look at migrating some of their Solaris 10 logic over to Solaris 11.  While we've introduced a number of holistic improvements in Solaris 11, in terms of how we ease long-term software lifecycle management, it is important to appreciate that customers may not be able to move all of their Solaris 10 scripts and procedures at once; there are years of scripts that reflect fine-tuned requirements of proprietary banking software that gets layered on top of the operating system. One of these requirements is to go through a cycle of reboots, after the system is installed, in order to ensure appropriate software dependencies and various configuration files are in-place. While Solaris 10 introduced a facility that aids here, namely SMF, many of our customers simply haven't yet taken the time to take advantage of this - proceeding with logic that, while functional, without further analysis has an appearance of not being optimal in terms of taking advantage of all the niceties bundled in Solaris 11 at no extra cost. When looking at Solaris 11, we recognize that one of the vehicles that bridges the gap between getting the operating system image payload delivered, and the customized banking software installed, is a notion of a First Boot script.  I had a working example of this at one of the Oracle OpenWorld sessions a few years ago - we've since improved our documentation and have introduced sections where this is described in better detail.   If you're looking at this for the first time and you've not worked with IPS and SMF previously, you might get the sense that the tasks are daunting.   There is a set of technologies involved that are jointly engineered in order to make the process reliable, predictable and extensible. As you go down the path of writing your first boot script, you'll be faced with a need to wrap it into a SMF service and then packaged into a IPS package. The IPS package would then need to be placed onto your IPS repository, in order to subsequently be made available to all of your AI (Automated Install) clients (i.e. the systems that you're installing Solaris and your software onto).     With this blog post, I wanted to create a single place that outlines the entire process (simplistically), and provide a hint of how a good old "at" command may make the requirement of forcing an initial reboot handy. The syntax and references to commands here is based on running this on a version of Solaris 11 that has been updated since its initial release in 2011 (i.e. I am writing this on Solaris 11.1) Assuming you've built an AI server (see this How To article for an example), you might be asking yourself: "Ok, I've got some logic that I need executed AFTER Solaris is deployed and I need my own little script that would make that happen. How do I go about hooking that script into the Solaris 11 AI framework?"  You might start here, in Chapter 13 of the "Installing Oracle Solaris 11.1 Systems" guide, which talks about "Running a Custom Script During First Boot".  And as you do, you'll be confronted with command that might be unfamiliar to you if you're new to Solaris 11, like our dear new friend: svcbundle svcbundle is an aide to creating manifests and profiles.  It is awesome, but don't let its awesomeness overwhelm you. (See this How To article by my colleague Glynn Foster for a nice working example).  In order to get your script's logic integrated into the Solaris 11 deployment process, you need to wrap your (shell) script into 2 manifests -  a SMF service manifest and a IPS package manifest.  ....and if you're new to XML, well then -- buckle up We have some examples of small first boot scripts shown here, as templates to build upon. Necessary structure of the script, particularly in leveraging SMF interfaces, is key. I won't go into that here as that is covered nicely in the doc link above.    Let's say your script ends up looking like this (btw: if things appear to be cut-off in your browser, just select them, copy and paste into your editor and it'll be grabbed - the source gets captured eventhough the browser may not render it "correctly" - ah, computers). #!/bin/sh # Load SMF shell support definitions . /lib/svc/share/smf_include.sh # If nothing to do, exit with temporary disable completed=`svcprop -p config/completed site/first-boot-script-svc:default` [ "${completed}" = "true" ] && \ smf_method_exit $SMF_EXIT_TEMP_DISABLE completed "Configuration completed" # Obtain the active BE name from beadm: The active BE on reboot has an R in # the third column of 'beadm list' output. Its name is in column one. bename=`beadm list -Hd|nawk -F ';' '$3 ~ /R/ {print $1}'` beadm create ${bename}.orig echo "Original boot environment saved as ${bename}.orig" # ---- Place your one-time configuration tasks here ---- # For example, if you have to pull some files from your own pre-existing system: /usr/bin/wget -P /var/tmp/ $PULL_DOWN_ADDITIONAL_SCRIPTS_FROM_A_CORPORATE_SYSTEM /usr/bin/chmod 755 /var/tmp/$SCRIPTS_THAT_GOT_PULLED_DOWN_IN_STEP_ABOVE # Clearly the above 2 lines represent some logic that you'd have to customize to fit your needs. # # Perhaps additional things you may want to do here might be of use, like # (gasp!) configuring ssh server for root login and X11 forwarding (for testing), and the like... # # Oh and by the way, after we're done executing all of our proprietary scripts we need to reboot # the system in accordance with our operational software requirements to ensure all layered bits # get initialized properly and pull-in their own modules and components in the right sequence, # subsequently. # We need to set a "time bomb" reboot, that would take place upon completion of this script. # We already know that *this* script depends on multi-user-server SMF milestone, so it should be # safe for us to schedule a reboot for 5 minutes from now. The "at" job get scheduled in the queue # while our little script continues thru the rest of the logic. /usr/bin/at now + 5 minutes <<REBOOT /usr/bin/sync /usr/sbin/reboot REBOOT # ---- End of your customizations ---- # Record that this script's work is done svccfg -s site/first-boot-script-svc:default setprop config/completed = true svcadm refresh site/first-boot-script-svc:default smf_method_exit $SMF_EXIT_TEMP_DISABLE method_completed "Configuration completed"  ...and you're happy with it and are ready to move on. Where do you go and what do you do? The next step is creating the IPS package for your script. Since running the logic of your script constitutes a service, you need to create a service manifest. This is described here, in the middle of Chapter 13 of "Creating an IPS package for the script and service".  Assuming the name of your shell script is first-boot-script.sh, you could end up doing the following: $ cd some_working_directory_for_this_project$ mkdir -p proto/lib/svc/manifest/site$ mkdir -p proto/opt/site $ cp first-boot-script.sh proto/opt/site  Then you would create the service manifest  file like so: $ svcbundle -s service-name=site/first-boot-script-svc \ -s start-method=/opt/site/first-boot-script.sh \ -s instance-property=config:completed:boolean:false -o \ first-boot-script-svc-manifest.xml   ...as described here, and place it into the directory hierarchy above. But before you place it into the directory, make sure to inspect the manifest and adjust the appropriate service dependencies.  That is to say, you want to properly specify what milestone should be reached before your service runs.  There's a <dependency> section that looks like this, before you modify it: <dependency restart_on="none" type="service" name="multi_user_dependency" grouping="require_all"> <service_fmri value="svc:/milestone/multi-user"/>  </dependency>  So if you'd like to have your service run AFTER the multi-user-server milestone has been reached (i.e. later, as multi-user-server has more dependencies then multi-user and our intent to reboot the system may have significant ramifications if done prematurely), you would modify that section to read:  <dependency restart_on="none" type="service" name="multi_user_server_dependency" grouping="require_all"> <service_fmri value="svc:/milestone/multi-user-server"/>  </dependency> Save the file and validate it: $ svccfg validate first-boot-script-svc-manifest.xml Assuming there are no errors returned, copy the file over into the directory hierarchy: $ cp first-boot-script-svc-manifest.xml proto/lib/svc/manifest/site Now that we've created the service manifest (.xml), create the package manifest (.p5m) file named: first-boot-script.p5m.  Populate it as follows: set name=pkg.fmri value=first-boot-script-AT-1-DOT-0,5.11-0 set name=pkg.summary value="AI first-boot script" set name=pkg.description value="Script that runs at first boot after AI installation" set name=info.classification value=\ "org.opensolaris.category.2008:System/Administration and Configuration" file lib/svc/manifest/site/first-boot-script-svc-manifest.xml \ path=lib/svc/manifest/site/first-boot-script-svc-manifest.xml owner=root \ group=sys mode=0444 dir path=opt/site owner=root group=sys mode=0755 file opt/site/first-boot-script.sh path=opt/site/first-boot-script.sh \ owner=root group=sys mode=0555 Now we are going to publish this package into a IPS repository. If you don't have one yet, don't worry. You have 2 choices: You can either  publish this package into your mirror of the Oracle Solaris IPS repo or create your own customized repo.  The best practice is to create your own customized repo, leaving your mirror of the Oracle Solaris IPS repo untouched.  From this point, you have 2 choices as well - you can either create a repo that will be accessible by your clients via HTTP or via NFS.  Since HTTP is how the default Solaris repo is accessed, we'll go with HTTP for your own IPS repo.   This nice and comprehensive How To by Albert White describes how to create multiple internal IPS repos for Solaris 11. We'll zero in on the basic elements for our needs here: We'll create the IPS repo directory structure hanging off a separate ZFS file system, and we'll tie it into an instance of pkg.depotd. We do this because we want our IPS repo to be accessible to our AI clients through HTTP, and the pkg.depotd SMF service bundled in Solaris 11 can help us do this. We proceed as follows: # zfs create rpool/export/MyIPSrepo # pkgrepo create /export/MyIPSrepo # svccfg -s pkg/server add MyIPSrepo # svccfg -s pkg/server:MyIPSrepo addpg pkg application # svccfg -s pkg/server:MyIPSrepo setprop pkg/port=10081 # svccfg -s pkg/server:MyIPSrepo setprop pkg/inst_root=/export/MyIPSrepo # svccfg -s pkg/server:MyIPSrepo addpg general framework # svccfg -s pkg/server:MyIPSrepo addpropvalue general/complete astring: MyIPSrepo # svccfg -s pkg/server:MyIPSrepo addpropvalue general/enabled boolean: true # svccfg -s pkg/server:MyIPSrepo setprop pkg/readonly=true # svccfg -s pkg/server:MyIPSrepo setprop pkg/proxy_base = astring: http://your_internal_websrvr/MyIPSrepo # svccfg -s pkg/server:MyIPSrepo setprop pkg/threads = 200 # svcadm refresh application/pkg/server:MyIPSrepo # svcadm enable application/pkg/server:MyIPSrepo Now that the IPS repo is created, we need to publish our package into it: # pkgsend publish -d ./proto -s /export/MyIPSrepo first-boot-script.p5m If you find yourself making changes to your script, remember to up-rev the version in the .p5m file (which is your IPS package manifest), and re-publish the IPS package. Next, you need to go to your AI install server (which might be the same machine) and modify the AI manifest to include a reference to your newly created package.  We do that by listing an additional publisher, which would look like this (replacing the IP address and port with your own, from the "svccfg" commands up above): <publisher name="firstboot"> <origin name="http://192.168.1.222:10081"/> </publisher>  Further down, in the  <software_data action="install">  section add: <name>pkg:/first-boot-script</name> Make sure to update your Automated Install service with the new AI manifest via installadm update-manifest command.  Don't forget to boot your client from the network to watch the entire process unfold and your script get tested.  Once the system makes the initial reboot, the first boot script will be executed and whatever logic you've specified in it should be executed, too, followed by a nice reboot. When the system comes up, your service should stay in a disabled state, as specified by the tailing lines of your SMF script - this is normal and should be left as is as it helps provide an auditing trail for you.   Because the reboot is quite a significant action for the system, you may want to add additional logic to the script that actually places and then checks for presence of certain lock files in order to avoid doing a reboot unnecessarily. You may also want to, alternatively, remove the SMF service entirely - if you're unsure of the potential for someone to try and accidentally enable that service -- eventhough its role in life is to only run once upon the system's first boot. That is how I spent a good chunk of my pre-Halloween time this week, hope yours was just as SPARCkly^H^H^H^H fun!    

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• EM12c: Using the LIST verb in emcli

  - by SubinDaniVarughese

  Many of us who use EM CLI to write scripts and automate our daily tasks should not miss out on the new list verb released with Oracle Enterprise Manager 12.1.0.3.0. The combination of list and Jython based scripting support in EM CLI makes it easier to achieve automation for complex tasks with just a few lines of code. Before I jump into a script, let me highlight the key attributes of the list verb and why it’s simply excellent! 1. Multiple resources under a single verb:A resource can be set of users or targets, etc. Using the list verb, you can retrieve information about a resource from the repository database.Here is an example which retrieves the list of administrators within EM.Standard mode$ emcli list -resource="Administrators" Interactive modeemcli>list(resource="Administrators")The output will be the same as standard mode.Standard mode$ emcli @myAdmin.pyEnter password :  ******The output will be the same as standard mode.Contents of myAdmin.py scriptlogin()print list(resource="Administrators",jsonout=False).out()To get a list of all available resources use$ emcli list -helpWith every release of EM, more resources are being added to the list verb. If you have a resource which you feel would be valuable then go ahead and contact Oracle Support to log an enhancement request with product development. Be sure to say how the resource is going to help improve your daily tasks. 2. Consistent Formatting:It is possible to format the output of any resource consistently using these options:  –column  This option is used to specify which columns should be shown in the output. Here is an example which shows the list of administrators and their account status$ emcli list -resource="Administrators" -columns="USER_NAME,REPOS_ACCOUNT_STATUS" To get a list of columns in a resource use:$ emcli list -resource="Administrators" -help You can also specify the width of the each column. For example, here the column width of user_type is set to 20 and department to 30. $ emcli list -resource=Administrators -columns="USER_NAME,USER_TYPE:20,COST_CENTER,CONTACT,DEPARTMENT:30"This is useful if your terminal is too small or you need to fine tune a list of specific columns for your quick use or improved readability.  –colsize  This option is used to resize column widths.Here is the same example as above, but using -colsize to define the width of user_type to 20 and department to 30.$ emcli list -resource=Administrators -columns="USER_NAME,USER_TYPE,COST_CENTER,CONTACT,DEPARTMENT" -colsize="USER_TYPE:20,DEPARTMENT:30" The existing standard EMCLI formatting options are also available in list verb. They are: -format="name:pretty" | -format="name:script” | -format="name:csv" | -noheader | -scriptThere are so many uses depending on your needs. Have a look at the resources and columns in each resource. Refer to the EMCLI book in EM documentation for more information.3. Search:Using the -search option in the list verb makes it is possible to search for a specific row in a specific column within a resource. This is similar to the sqlplus where clause. The following operators are supported:           =           !=           >           <           >=           <=           like           is (Must be followed by null or not null)Here is an example which searches for all EM administrators in the marketing department located in the USA.$emcli list -resource="Administrators" -search="DEPARTMENT ='Marketing'" -search="LOCATION='USA'" Here is another example which shows all the named credentials created since a specific date.  $emcli list -resource=NamedCredentials -search="CredCreatedDate > '11-Nov-2013 12:37:20 PM'"Note that the timestamp has to be in the format DD-MON-YYYY HH:MI:SS AM/PM Some resources need a bind variable to be passed to get output. A bind variable is created in the resource and then referenced in the command. For example, this command will list all the default preferred credentials for target type oracle_database.Here is an example$ emcli list -resource="PreferredCredentialsDefault" -bind="TargetType='oracle_database'" -colsize="SetName:15,TargetType:15" You can provide multiple bind variables. To verify if a column is searchable or requires a bind variable, use the –help option. Here is an example:$ emcli list -resource="PreferredCredentialsDefault" -help 4. Secure accessWhen list verb collects the data, it only displays content for which the administrator currently logged into emcli, has access. For example consider this usecase:AdminA has access only to TargetA. AdminA logs into EM CLIExecuting the list verb to get the list of all targets will only show TargetA.5. User defined SQLUsing the –sql option, user defined sql can be executed. The SQL provided in the -sql option is executed as the EM user MGMT_VIEW, which has read-only access to the EM published MGMT$ database views in the SYSMAN schema. To get the list of EM published MGMT$ database views, go to the Extensibility Programmer's Reference book in EM documentation. There is a chapter about Using Management Repository Views. It’s always recommended to reference the documentation for the supported MGMT$ database views.  Consider you are using the MGMT$ABC view which is not in the chapter. During upgrade, it is possible, since the view was not in the book and not supported, it is likely the view might undergo a change in its structure or the data in it. Using a supported view ensures that your scripts using -sql will continue working after upgrade.Here’s an example  $ emcli list -sql='select * from mgmt$target' 6. JSON output support    JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) enables data to be displayed in a collection of name/value pairs. There is lot of reading material about JSON on line for more information.As an example, we had a requirement where an EM administrator had many 11.2 databases in their test environment and the developers had requested an Administrator to change the lifecycle status from Test to Production which meant the admin had to go to the EM “All targets” page and identify the set of 11.2 databases and then to go into each target database page and manually changes the property to Production. Sounds easy to say, but this Administrator had numerous targets and this task is repeated for every release cycle.We told him there is an easier way to do this with a script and he can reuse the script whenever anyone wanted to change a set of targets to a different Lifecycle status. Here is a jython script which uses list and JSON to change all 11.2 database target’s LifeCycle Property value.If you are new to scripting and Jython, I would suggest visiting the basic chapters in any Jython tutorials. Understanding Jython is important to write the logic depending on your usecase.If you are already writing scripts like perl or shell or know a programming language like java, then you can easily understand the logic.Disclaimer: The scripts in this post are subject to the Oracle Terms of Use located here.  1 from emcli import *  2  search_list = ['PROPERTY_NAME=\'DBVersion\'','TARGET_TYPE= \'oracle_database\'','PROPERTY_VALUE LIKE \'11.2%\'']  3 if len(sys.argv) == 2:  4    print login(username=sys.argv[0])  5    l_prop_val_to_set = sys.argv[1]  6      l_targets = list(resource="TargetProperties", search=search_list,   columns="TARGET_NAME,TARGET_TYPE,PROPERTY_NAME")  7    for target in l_targets.out()['data']:  8       t_pn = 'LifeCycle Status'  9      print "INFO: Setting Property name " + t_pn + " to value " +       l_prop_val_to_set + " for " + target['TARGET_NAME']  10      print  set_target_property_value(property_records=      target['TARGET_NAME']+":"+target['TARGET_TYPE']+":"+      t_pn+":"+l_prop_val_to_set)  11  else:  12   print "\n ERROR: Property value argument is missing"  13   print "\n INFO: Format to run this file is filename.py <username>   <Database Target LifeCycle Status Property Value>" You can download the script from here. I could not upload the file with .py extension so you need to rename the file to myScript.py before executing it using emcli.A line by line explanation for beginners: Line  1 Imports the emcli verbs as functions  2 search_list is a variable to pass to the search option in list verb. I am using escape character for the single quotes. In list verb to pass more than one value for the same option, you should define as above comma separated values, surrounded by square brackets.  3 This is an “if” condition to ensure the user does provide two arguments with the script, else in line #15, it prints an error message.  4 Logging into EM. You can remove this if you have setup emcli with autologin. For more details about setup and autologin, please go the EM CLI book in EM documentation.  5 l_prop_val_to_set is another variable. This is the property value to be set. Remember we are changing the value from Test to Production. The benefit of this variable is you can reuse the script to change the property value from and to any other values.  6 Here the output of the list verb is stored in l_targets. In the list verb I am passing the resource as TargetProperties, search as the search_list variable and I only need these three columns – target_name, target_type and property_name. I don’t need the other columns for my task.  7 This is a for loop. The data in l_targets is available in JSON format. Using the for loop, each pair will now be available in the ‘target’ variable.  8 t_pn is the “LifeCycle Status” variable. If required, I can have this also as an input and then use my script to change any target property. In this example, I just wanted to change the “LifeCycle Status”.  9 This a message informing the user the script is setting the property value for dbxyz.  10 This line shows the set_target_property_value verb which sets the value using the property_records option. Once it is set for a target pair, it moves to the next one. In my example, I am just showing three dbs, but the real use is when you have 20 or 50 targets. The script is executed as:$ emcli @myScript.py subin Production The recommendation is to first test the scripts before running it on a production system. We tested on a small set of targets and optimizing the script for fewer lines of code and better messaging.For your quick reference, the resources available in Enterprise Manager 12.1.0.4.0 with list verb are:$ emcli list -helpWatch this space for more blog posts using the list verb and EM CLI Scripting use cases. I hope you enjoyed reading this blog post and it has helped you gain more information about the list verb. Happy Scripting!!Disclaimer: The scripts in this post are subject to the Oracle Terms of Use located here. Stay Connected: Twitter | Facebook | YouTube | Linkedin | Newsletter mt=8">Download the Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c Mobile app

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• ??Database Replay Capture????

  - by Liu Maclean(???)

  Database Replay?11g??????,??workload capture??????????????,???????? ??Workload Capture???????: ???????????????,???????2????,??????,???????????OLTP???????capture 10????1G???? ?????: ????????????????????? ??startup restrict????,?????????? ??capture???restrict?? ????????????? ???????????????: ??scn???????? ???????? ???????? Capture???????????workload????? ???????SYSDBA?SYSOPER????OS?? ????: ?TPCC???capture??????4.5% ????session????64KB??? ???Workload Capture?????????? ????????2?, ??RAC????workload capture  file??????????????,??start_capture????? ????session????64KB???,??????????????workload  capture file????Server Process??????,?????????parse???execution????,Server Process??LOGON?LOGOFF?SQL??????????PGA?,???WCR Capture PG?WCR Capture PGA?,?PGA?????????????????,Server Process???????????WCR???,?????WCR???Server Process??’WCR: capture file IO write’????? ?WCR?????????: SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production CORE 11.2.0.3.0 Production TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production SQL> select name from v$event_name where name like '%WCR%'; NAME ---------------------------------------------------------------- WCR: replay client notify WCR: replay clock WCR: replay lock order WCR: replay paused WCR: RAC message context busy WCR: capture file IO write WCR: Sync context busy latch: WCR: sync latch: WCR: processes HT 11g????????WCR???LATCH 1* select name,gets from v$latch where name like '%WCR%' SQL> / NAME GETS ------------------------------ ---------- WCR: kecu cas mem 3 WCR: kecr File Count 37 WCR: MMON Create dir 1 WCR: ticker cache 0 WCR: sync 495 WCR: processes HT 0 WCR: MTS VC queue 0 7 rows selected. ????????????Database Replay Capture????? 1. ????capture dbms_workload_capture.start_capture CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY dbcapture AS '/home/oracle/dbcapture'; execute dbms_workload_capture.start_capture('CAPTURE','DBCAPTURE',default_action=>'INCLUDE'); SQL> select id,name,status,start_time,end_time,connects,user_calls,dir_path from dba_workload_captures where id = (select max(id) from dba_workload_captures) ; ID ---------- NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATUS START_TIM END_TIME CONNECTS ---------------------------------------- --------- --------- ---------- USER_CALLS ---------- DIR_PATH -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 CAPTURE IN PROGRESS 08-DEC-12 11 ID ---------- NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATUS START_TIM END_TIME CONNECTS ---------------------------------------- --------- --------- ---------- USER_CALLS ---------- DIR_PATH -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 167 /home/oracle/dbcapture 2. ?? capture file?? [oracle@mlab2 dbcapture]$ ls -lR .: total 8 drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 cap drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 capfiles -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 0 Dec 8 07:24 wcr_cap_00001.start ./cap: total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 91 Dec 8 07:24 wcr_scapture.wmd ./capfiles: total 4 drwxr-xr-x 12 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 inst1 ./capfiles/inst1: total 40 drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 08:31 aa drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 ab drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 ac drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 ad drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 ae drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 af drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 ag drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 ah drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 ai drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Dec 8 07:24 aj ./capfiles/inst1/aa: total 316 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1762 Dec 8 07:25 wcr_c6cdah0000001.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16478 Dec 8 07:28 wcr_c6cf1h0000002.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1772 Dec 8 07:29 wcr_c6cjdh0000004.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1535 Dec 8 07:29 wcr_c6cnah0000005.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1821 Dec 8 07:41 wcr_c6cpfh0000007.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1815 Dec 8 07:33 wcr_c6cq6h000000a.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1535 Dec 8 07:34 wcr_c6cxmh000000h.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1427 Dec 8 07:41 wcr_c6cxvh000000j.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1425 Dec 8 07:41 wcr_c6czph000000k.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2398 Dec 8 07:49 wcr_c6dqfh000000q.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 259321 Dec 8 08:35 wcr_c6du7h000000r.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 0 Dec 8 07:55 wcr_c6f6yh000000t.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 0 Dec 8 08:28 wcr_c6h3qh0000013.rec ./capfiles/inst1/ab: total 0 ./capfiles/inst1/ac: total 0 ./capfiles/inst1/ad: total 0 ./capfiles/inst1/ae: total 0 ./capfiles/inst1/af: total 0 ./capfiles/inst1/ag: total 0 ./capfiles/inst1/ah: total 0 ./capfiles/inst1/ai: total 0 ./capfiles/inst1/aj: total 0 [oracle@mlab2 dbcapture]$ cd ./capfiles/inst1/aa [oracle@mlab2 aa]$ ls -l total 316 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1762 Dec 8 07:25 wcr_c6cdah0000001.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16478 Dec 8 07:28 wcr_c6cf1h0000002.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1772 Dec 8 07:29 wcr_c6cjdh0000004.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1535 Dec 8 07:29 wcr_c6cnah0000005.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1821 Dec 8 07:41 wcr_c6cpfh0000007.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1815 Dec 8 07:33 wcr_c6cq6h000000a.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1535 Dec 8 07:34 wcr_c6cxmh000000h.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1427 Dec 8 07:41 wcr_c6cxvh000000j.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1425 Dec 8 07:41 wcr_c6czph000000k.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2398 Dec 8 07:49 wcr_c6dqfh000000q.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 259321 Dec 8 08:35 wcr_c6du7h000000r.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 0 Dec 8 07:55 wcr_c6f6yh000000t.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 0 Dec 8 08:28 wcr_c6h3qh0000013.rec [oracle@mlab2 aa]$ ls -l |wc -l 14 ???????14??? 3. ??LOGON????Server Process [oracle@mlab2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Dec 8 08:37:40 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options ?????wcr?? [oracle@mlab2 aa]$ ls -ltr total 316 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1762 Dec 8 07:25 wcr_c6cdah0000001.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16478 Dec 8 07:28 wcr_c6cf1h0000002.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1772 Dec 8 07:29 wcr_c6cjdh0000004.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1535 Dec 8 07:29 wcr_c6cnah0000005.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1815 Dec 8 07:33 wcr_c6cq6h000000a.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1535 Dec 8 07:34 wcr_c6cxmh000000h.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1425 Dec 8 07:41 wcr_c6czph000000k.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1427 Dec 8 07:41 wcr_c6cxvh000000j.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1821 Dec 8 07:41 wcr_c6cpfh0000007.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2398 Dec 8 07:49 wcr_c6dqfh000000q.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 0 Dec 8 07:55 wcr_c6f6yh000000t.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 0 Dec 8 08:28 wcr_c6h3qh0000013.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 259321 Dec 8 08:35 wcr_c6du7h000000r.rec -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 0 Dec 8 08:37 wcr_c6hp4h0000018.rec ??????wcr_c6hp4h0000018.rec ??? SQL> select spid from v$process where addr = ( select paddr from v$session where sid=(select distinct sid from v$mystat)); SPID ------------------------ 14293 ????????????????14293, ???????????????,??????wcr_c6hp4h0000018.rec [oracle@mlab2 ~]$ ls -l /proc/14293/fd total 0 lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 0 -> /dev/null l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 1 -> /dev/null lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 10 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1/rdbms/audit/CRMV_ora_14293_1.aud l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 11 -> /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/crmv/CRMV/trace/CRMV_ora_14293.trc l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 12 -> pipe:[34585895] l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 13 -> /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/crmv/CRMV/trace/CRMV_ora_14293.trm l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 2 -> /dev/null lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 3 -> /dev/null lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 4 -> /dev/null lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 5 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 6 -> /proc/14293/fd lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 7 -> /dev/zero lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 8 -> /home/oracle/dbcapture/capfiles/inst1/aa/wcr_c6hp4h0000018.rec lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Dec 8 08:39 9 -> pipe:[34585894] ?????lsof?? [root@mlab2 ~]# lsof|grep wcr_c6hp4h0000018.rec oracle 14293 oracle 8u REG 8,1 0 17629644 /home/oracle/dbcapture/capfiles/inst1/aa/wcr_c6hp4h0000018.rec ????????,??Server Process????WCR REC??,?Server Process LOGON?????? 3.????SQL??: SQL> select 1 from dual; 1 ---------- 1 SQL> / 1 ---------- 1 [oracle@mlab2 aa]$ strings wcr_c6hp4h0000018.rec ==»????SQL????, ??????? ??????SQL???,???????????????WCR??????,LOGON???????????SQL????,????????? [oracle@mlab2 aa]$ strings wcr_c6hp4h0000018.rec 11.2.0.3.0 *File header info. (Shadow process='14293') D0576B5D710A34F4E043B201A8C0ECFE SYS; NLS_LANGUAGE? AMERICAN> NLS_TERRITORY? AMERICA> NLS_CURRENCY? NLS_ISO_CURRENCY? AMERICA> NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS? NLS_CALENDAR? GREGORIAN> NLS_DATE_FORMAT? DD-MON-RR> NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE? AMERICAN> NLS_CHARACTERSET? AL32UTF8> NLS_SORT? BINARY> NLS_TIME_FORMAT? HH.MI.SSXFF AM> NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT? DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM> NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT? HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR> NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT? DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR> NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY? NLS_SPECIAL_CHARS? NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET? UTF8> NLS_COMP? BINARY> NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS? BYTE> NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP? FALSE (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)(PROGRAM=/u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1/bin/oracle)(ARGV0=oracleCRMV)(ARGS='(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))')(DETACH=NO))(CONNECT_DATA=(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus)(HOST=mlab2.oracle.com)(USER=oracle)))) ,[email protected] (TNS V1-V3)U tselect spid from v$process where addr = ( select paddr from v$session where sid=(select distinct sid from v$mystat)) ` _ select 1 from dual select 1 from dual ??????????????????? [oracle@mlab2 aa]$ strings wcr_c6hp4h0000018.rec 9`9_^B create table vva(t1 int) `:_i :`:_iB `;_^ ;`;_^B create table vva(t1 int) `_i >`>_iB FusC `?_^ ?`?_^B FvWC _begin for i in 1..50000 loop execute immediate 'select 1 from dual where 2='||i; end loop; end; ?SERVER PROCESS LOGOFF ??????? C`E_ B k^2C ????Server Process????parse?execution???WCR??,??????????PGA?,????????????,????????,?????WCR???????????,???????? 4. ?????? SQL> oradebug setmypid Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump processstate 10; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/crmv/CRMV/trace/CRMV_ora_14293.trc ?processstate ??????????????? WCR: capture file IO write,??Server process??WCR ?? 3: waited for 'SQL*Net message to client' driver id=0x62657100, #bytes=0x1, =0x0 wait_id=139 seq_num=140 snap_id=1 wait times: snap=0.000007 sec, exc=0.000007 sec, total=0.000007 sec wait times: max=infinite wait counts: calls=0 os=0 occurred after 0.934091 sec of elapsed time 4: waited for 'latch: shared pool' address=0x60106b20, number=0x133, tries=0x0 wait_id=138 seq_num=139 snap_id=1 wait times: snap=0.000066 sec, exc=0.000066 sec, total=0.000066 sec wait times: max=infinite wait counts: calls=0 os=0 occurred after 1.180690 sec of elapsed time 5: waited for 'WCR: capture file IO write' =0x0, =0x0, =0x0 wait_id=137 seq_num=138 snap_id=1 wait times: snap=0.000189 sec, exc=0.000189 sec, total=0.000189 sec wait times: max=infinite wait counts: calls=0 os=0 occurred after 3.122783 sec of elapsed time 6: waited for 'WCR: capture file IO write' =0x0, =0x0, =0x0 wait_id=136 seq_num=137 snap_id=1 wait times: snap=0.000191 sec, exc=0.000191 sec, total=0.000191 sec wait times: max=infinite wait counts: calls=0 os=0 occurred after 3.053132 sec of elapsed time 7: waited for 'WCR: capture file IO write' 5.??PGA???? SQL> oradebug dump heapdump 536870917; Statement processed. grep WCR /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/crmv/CRMV/trace/CRMV_ora_14293.trc Chunk 7fb1b606bfc0 sz= 65600 freeable "WCR Capture PG " ds=0x7fb1b6115f90 Chunk 7fb1b6111e18 sz= 4224 freeable "WCR Capture PG " ds=0x7fb1b6115f90 Chunk 7fb1b6112e98 sz= 4184 freeable "WCR Capture PG " ds=0x7fb1b6115f90 Chunk 7fb1b6113ef0 sz= 4224 freeable "WCR Capture PG " ds=0x7fb1b6115f90 Chunk 7fb1b6114f70 sz= 4104 recreate "WCR Capture PG " latch=(nil) Chunk 7fb1b6115f78 sz= 160 freeable "WCR Capture PGA" Chunk 7fb1b6116018 sz= 3248 freeable "WCR Capture PGA" Subheap ds=0x7fb1b6115f90 heap name= WCR Capture PG size= 82336 HEAP DUMP heap name="WCR Capture PG" desc=0x7fb1b6115f90 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="WCR Capture PG" desc=0x7fb1b6115f9 PGA???WCR Capture PG ?WCR Capture PGA?freeable or recreate??chunk,???????Server Process???OS Chunk 7fb1b606bfc0 sz= 65600 freeable "WCR Capture PG " ds=0x7fb1b6115f90 sz= 65600=» 64k ??????????64k??,???????????????64k WCR????????????:)! 6.???? ??WCR CAPTURE????????2? SQL> SELECT x.ksppinm NAME, y.ksppstvl VALUE, x.ksppdesc describ 2 FROM SYS.x$ksppi x, SYS.x$ksppcv y 3 WHERE x.inst_id = USERENV ('Instance') 4 AND y.inst_id = USERENV ('Instance') 5 AND x.indx = y.indx 6 AND x.ksppinm in ('_capture_buffer_size','_wcr_control'); NAME VALUE DESCRIB -------------------- -------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------ _wcr_control 0 Oracle internal test WCR parameter used ONLY for testing! _capture_buffer_size 65536 To set the size of the PGA I/O recording buffers ??_capture_buffer_size ??PGA?WCR BUFFER?SIZE,???64k _wcr_control ??WCR?????,?????? ????,??????: 1. ???WCR WORKLOAD CAPTURE???????????,??Server Process????(????)2. ???server process????WCR??3. Server Proess???LOGON?LOGOFF?SQL?????????WCR???4. Server Process????????Immediate mode,????????PGA?(WCR Capture) subheap?,??????????????(timeout?????)5. ????, Server Process????????Immediate mode,?capture????parse??execution??(?????capture???parse?????????????,parse????capture???),?????LOGON?SQL??(???????)??PGA?WCR Capture?????,???????,????????,??tpcc??????4.5%6. ????_capture_buffer_size ??PGA?WCR BUFFER?SIZE,???64k7. WCR Capture?????binrary 2????,?????,????????????????WCR capture file8. WCR: capture file IO write?????Server Process??WCR??

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• A lot of TCP: time wait bucket table overflow in CentOS 6

  - by divaka

  we have the following output from dmesg: __ratelimit: 33491 callbacks suppressed TCP: time wait bucket table overflow TCP: time wait bucket table overflow TCP: time wait bucket table overflow TCP: time wait bucket table overflow TCP: time wait bucket table overflow TCP: time wait bucket table overflow TCP: time wait bucket table overflow TCP: time wait bucket table overflow TCP: time wait bucket table overflow TCP: time wait bucket table overflow Also we have the following setting: cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_max_tw_buckets 524288 We are under some kind of attack, but we could not detect what cause this problem?

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• L2TP iptables port forward

  - by The_cobra666

  Hi all, I'm setting up port forwarding for an L2TP VPN connection to the local Windows 2003 VPN server. The router is a simpel Debian machine with iptables. The VPN server works perfect. But I cannot log in from the WAN. I'm missing something. The VPN server is using a pre-shared key (L2TP) and give's out an IP in the range: 192.168.3.0. Local network range is 192.168.2.0/24 I added the route: with route add -net 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.240 gw 192.168.2.13 (the vpn server) iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp --dport 1701 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.13 iptables -A FORWARD -p udp --dport 1701 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp --dport 500 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.13 iptables -A FORWARD -p udp --dport 500 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp --dport 4500 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.13 iptables -A FORWARD -p udp --dport 4500 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p 50 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.13 iptables -A FORWARD -p 50 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p 51 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.13 iptables -A FORWARD -p 51 -j ACCEPT The whole iptables script is (without the line's from above): echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_syncookies #Flush table's iptables -F INPUT iptables -F OUTPUT iptables -F FORWARD iptables -t nat -F #Drop traffic iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD DROP iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT #verkeer naar buiten toe laten en nat aanzetten iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE #RDP forward voor windows servers iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 3389 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.10:3389 iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 3340 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.12:3340 iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 3340 -j ACCEPT #toestaan SSH verkeer iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 22 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.2.1 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT #toestaan verkeer loopback iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT #toestaan lokaal netwerk iptables -A INPUT -i eth1 -j ACCEPT #accepteren established traffic iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 --match state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT #droppen ICMP boodschappen iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -i eth0 -m limit --limit 10/minute -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -i eth0 -j REJECT ifconfig eth1 192.168.2.1/24 ifconfig eth0 XXXXXXXXXXXXX/30 ifconfig eth0 up ifconfig eth1 up route add default gw XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX route add -net 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.240 gw 192.168.2.13

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