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• C++ virtual functions.Problem with vtable

  - by adivasile

  I'm doing a little project in C++ and I've come into some problems regarding virtual functions. I have a base class with some virtual functions: #ifndef COLLISIONSHAPE_H_ #define COLLISIONSHAPE_H_ namespace domino { class CollisionShape : public DominoItem { public: // CONSTRUCTOR //------------------------------------------------- // SETTERS //------------------------------------------------- // GETTERS //------------------------------------------------- virtual void GetRadius() = 0; virtual void GetPosition() = 0; virtual void GetGrowth(CollisionShape* other) = 0; virtual void GetSceneNode(); // OTHER //------------------------------------------------- virtual bool overlaps(CollisionShape* shape) = 0; }; } #endif /* COLLISIONSHAPE_H_ */ and a SphereShape class which extends CollisionShape and implements the methods above /* SphereShape.h */ #ifndef SPHERESHAPE_H_ #define SPHERESHAPE_H_ #include "CollisionShape.h" namespace domino { class SphereShape : public CollisionShape { public: // CONSTRUCTOR //------------------------------------------------- SphereShape(); SphereShape(CollisionShape* shape1, CollisionShape* shape2); // DESTRUCTOR //------------------------------------------------- ~SphereShape(); // SETTERS //------------------------------------------------- void SetPosition(); void SetRadius(); // GETTERS //------------------------------------------------- cl_float GetRadius(); cl_float3 GetPosition(); SceneNode* GetSceneNode(); cl_float GetGrowth(CollisionShape* other); // OTHER //------------------------------------------------- bool overlaps(CollisionShape* shape); }; } #endif /* SPHERESHAPE_H_ */ and the .cpp file: /*SphereShape.cpp*/ #include "SphereShape.h" #define max(a,b) (a>b?a:b) namespace domino { // CONSTRUCTOR //------------------------------------------------- SphereShape::SphereShape(CollisionShape* shape1, CollisionShape* shape2) { } // DESTRUCTOR //------------------------------------------------- SphereShape::~SphereShape() { } // SETTERS //------------------------------------------------- void SphereShape::SetPosition() { } void SphereShape::SetRadius() { } // GETTERS //------------------------------------------------- void SphereShape::GetRadius() { } void SphereShape::GetPosition() { } void SphereShape::GetSceneNode() { } void SphereShape::GetGrowth(CollisionShape* other) { } // OTHER //------------------------------------------------- bool SphereShape::overlaps(CollisionShape* shape) { return true; } } These classes, along some other get compiled into a shared library. Building libdomino.so g++ -m32 -lpthread -ldl -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lglut -lGLU -lGL -shared -lSDKUtil -lglut -lGLEW -lOpenCL -L/home/adrian/AMD-APP-SDK-v2.4-lnx32/lib/x86 -L/home/adrian/AMD-APP-SDK-v2.4-lnx32/TempSDKUtil/lib/x86 -L"/home/adrian/AMD-APP-SDK-v2.4-lnx32/lib/x86" -lSDKUtil -lglut -lGLEW -lOpenCL -o build/debug/x86/libdomino.so build/debug/x86//Material.o build/debug/x86//Body.o build/debug/x86//SphereShape.o build/debug/x86//World.o build/debug/x86//Engine.o build/debug/x86//BVHNode.o When I compile the code that uses this library I get the following error: ../../../lib/x86//libdomino.so: undefined reference to `vtable for domino::CollisionShape' ../../../lib/x86//libdomino.so: undefined reference to `typeinfo for domino::CollisionShape' Command used to compile the demo that uses the library: g++ -o build/debug/x86/startdemo build/debug/x86//CMesh.o build/debug/x86//CSceneNode.o build/debug/x86//OFF.o build/debug/x86//Light.o build/debug/x86//main.o build/debug/x86//Camera.o -m32 -lpthread -ldl -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lglut -lGLU -lGL -lSDKUtil -lglut -lGLEW -ldomino -lSDKUtil -lOpenCL -L/home/adrian/AMD-APP-SDK-v2.4-lnx32/lib/x86 -L/home/adrian/AMD-APP-SDK-v2.4-lnx32/TempSDKUtil/lib/x86 -L../../../lib/x86/ -L"/home/adrian/AMD-APP-SDK-v2.4-lnx32/lib/x86" (the -ldomino flag) And when I run the demo, I manually tell it about the library: LD_LIBRARY_PATH=../../lib/x86/:$AMDAPPSDKROOT/lib/x86:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH bin/x86/startdemo After reading a bit about virtual functions and virtual tables I understood that virtual tables are handled by the compiler and I shouldn't worry about it, so I'm a little bit confused on how to handle this issue. I'm using gcc version 4.6.0 20110530 (Red Hat 4.6.0-9) (GCC) Later edit: I'm really sorry, but I wrote the code by hand directly here. I have defined the return types in the code. I apologize to the 2 people that answered below. I have to mention that I am a beginner at using more complex project layouts in C++.By this I mean more complex makefiles, shared libraries, stuff like that.

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• How to safely copy an object?

  - by Prog

  This question is going to be a little long. Please bear with me. Something that happened in a project of mine made me think about how to safely copy objects. I'll present the situation I had and then ask a question. There was a class SomeClass: class SomeClass{ Thing[] things; public SomeClass(Thing[] things){ this.things = things; } // irrelevant stuff omitted public SomeClass copy(){ return new SomeClass(things); } } There was another class Processor that takes SomeClass objects, copies them (via someClassInstance.copy()), manipulates the copy's state, and returns the copy. Here it is: class Processor{ public SomeClass processObject(SomeClass object){ SomeClass copy = object.copy(); manipulateTheCopy(copy); return copy; } // irrelevant stuff omitted } I ran this, and it had bugs. I looked into these bugs, and it turned out that the manipulations Processor does on copy actually affect not only the copy, but also the original SomeClass object that was passed into processObject. I found out that it was because the original and the copy shared state - because the original passed it's field things into the copy when creating it. This made me realize that copying objects is harder than simply instantiating them with the same fields as the original. For the two objects to be completely disconnected, without any shared state, each of the fields passed to the copy also has to be copied. And if that object contains other objects - they have to be copied too. And so on. So basically, in order to be able to actually copy an object, each class in the system must have a copy() method, that also invokes copy() on all of it's fields, and so on. So for example, for copy() in SomeClass to work, it needs to look like this: public SomeClass copy(){ Thing[] copyThings = new Thing[things.length]; for(int i=0; i<things.length; i++) copyThings[i] = things[i].copy(); return new SomeClass(copyThings); } And if Thing has object fields of it's own, than it's own copy() method must be appropriate: class Thing{ Apple apple; Pencil pencil; int number; public Thing(Apple apple, Pencil pencil, int number){ this.apple = apple; this.pencil = pencil; this.number = number; } public Thing copy(){ // 'number' is a primitve. return new Thing(apple.getCopy(), pencil.getCopy(), number); } } And so on. Of course, instead of all classes having a copy() method, the copying mechanism can happen in all of the getters and the constructors of classes (unless places where it isn't suitable, for example when the field points to an external object, not to an object that 'is part' of this object). Still, that means that in order to be able to safely copy an object - most classes would have to have copying mechanisms in their getters. My question is divided into two parts: How frequently do you need to get a copy of an object? Is this a regular issue? Is the technique described common and/or reasonable? Or is there a better way to make safe copies of objects? Or is there an easier way to safely copy objects, without them sharing any state?

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• If the model is validating the data, shouldn't it throw exceptions on bad input?

  - by Carlos Campderrós

  Reading this SO question it seems that throwing exceptions for validating user input is frowned upon. But who should validate this data? In my applications, all validations are done in the business layer, because only the class itself really knows which values are valid for each one of its properties. If I were to copy the rules for validating a property to the controller, it is possible that the validation rules change and now there are two places where the modification should be made. Is my premise that validation should be done on the business layer wrong? What I do So my code usually ends up like this: <?php class Person { private $name; private $age; public function setName($n) { $n = trim($n); if (mb_strlen($n) == 0) { throw new ValidationException("Name cannot be empty"); } $this->name = $n; } public function setAge($a) { if (!is_int($a)) { if (!ctype_digit(trim($a))) { throw new ValidationException("Age $a is not valid"); } $a = (int)$a; } if ($a < 0 || $a > 150) { throw new ValidationException("Age $a is out of bounds"); } $this->age = $a; } // other getters, setters and methods } In the controller, I just pass the input data to the model, and catch thrown exceptions to show the error(s) to the user: <?php $person = new Person(); $errors = array(); // global try for all exceptions other than ValidationException try { // validation and process (if everything ok) try { $person->setAge($_POST['age']); } catch (ValidationException $e) { $errors['age'] = $e->getMessage(); } try { $person->setName($_POST['name']); } catch (ValidationException $e) { $errors['name'] = $e->getMessage(); } ... } catch (Exception $e) { // log the error, send 500 internal server error to the client // and finish the request } if (count($errors) == 0) { // process } else { showErrorsToUser($errors); } Is this a bad methodology? Alternate method Should maybe I create methods for isValidAge($a) that return true/false and then call them from the controller? <?php class Person { private $name; private $age; public function setName($n) { $n = trim($n); if ($this->isValidName($n)) { $this->name = $n; } else { throw new Exception("Invalid name"); } } public function setAge($a) { if ($this->isValidAge($a)) { $this->age = $a; } else { throw new Exception("Invalid age"); } } public function isValidName($n) { $n = trim($n); if (mb_strlen($n) == 0) { return false; } return true; } public function isValidAge($a) { if (!is_int($a)) { if (!ctype_digit(trim($a))) { return false; } $a = (int)$a; } if ($a < 0 || $a > 150) { return false; } return true; } // other getters, setters and methods } And the controller will be basically the same, just instead of try/catch there are now if/else: <?php $person = new Person(); $errors = array(); if ($person->isValidAge($age)) { $person->setAge($age); } catch (Exception $e) { $errors['age'] = "Invalid age"; } if ($person->isValidName($name)) { $person->setName($name); } catch (Exception $e) { $errors['name'] = "Invalid name"; } ... if (count($errors) == 0) { // process } else { showErrorsToUser($errors); } So, what should I do? I'm pretty happy with my original method, and my colleagues to whom I have showed it in general have liked it. Despite this, should I change to the alternate method? Or am I doing this terribly wrong and I should look for another way?

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• Generic Adjacency List Graph implementation

  - by DmainEvent

  I am trying to come up with a decent Adjacency List graph implementation so I can start tooling around with all kinds of graph problems and algorithms like traveling salesman and other problems... But I can't seem to come up with a decent implementation. This is probably because I am trying to dust the cobwebs off my data structures class. But what I have so far... and this is implemented in Java... is basically an edgeNode class that has a generic type and a weight-in the event the graph is indeed weighted. public class edgeNode<E> { private E y; private int weight; //... getters and setters as well as constructors... } I have a graph class that has a list of edges a value for the number of Vertices and and an int value for edges as well as a boolean value for whether or not it is directed. The brings up my first question, if the graph is indeed directed, shouldn't I have a value in my edgeNode class? Or would I just need to add another vertices to my LinkedList? That would imply that a directed graph is 2X as big as an undirected graph wouldn't it? public class graph { private List<edgeNode<?>> edges; private int nVertices; private int nEdges; private boolean directed; //... getters and setters as well as constructors... } Finally does anybody have a standard way of initializing there graph? I was thinking of reading in a pipe-delimited file but that is so 1997. public graph GenereateGraph(boolean directed, String file){ List<edgeNode<?>> edges; graph g; try{ int count = 0; String line; FileReader input = new FileReader("C:\\Users\\derekww\\Documents\\JavaEE Projects\\graphFile"); BufferedReader bufRead = new BufferedReader(input); line = bufRead.readLine(); count++; edges = new ArrayList<edgeNode<?>>(); while(line != null){ line = bufRead.readLine(); Object edgeInfo = line.split("|")[0]; int weight = Integer.parseInt(line.split("|")[1]); edgeNode<String> e = new edgeNode<String>((String) edges.add(e); } return g; } catch(Exception e){ return null; } } I guess when I am adding edges if boolean is true I would be adding a second edge. So far, this all depends on the file I write. So if I wrote a file with the following Vertices and weights... Buffalo | 18 br Pittsburgh | 20 br New York | 15 br D.C | 45 br I would obviously load them into my list of edges, but how can I represent one vertices connected to the other... so on... I would need the opposite vertices? Say I was representing Highways connected to each city weighted and un-directed (each edge is bi-directional with weights in some fictional distance unit)... Would my implementation be the best way to do that? I found this tutorial online Graph Tutorial that has a connector object. This appears to me be a collection of vertices pointing to each other. So you would have A and B each with there weights and so on, and you would add this to a list and this list of connectors to your graph... That strikes me as somewhat cumbersome and a little dismissive of the adjacency list concept? Am I wrong and that is a novel solution? This is all inspired by steve skiena's Algorithm Design Manual. Which I have to say is pretty good so far. Thanks for any help you can provide.

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• Vaadin table hide columns and container customization

  - by Alex

  Hello I am testing a project, using Vaadin and Hibernate. I am trying to use the HbnContainer class to show data into table. The problem is that I do not want to show all the properties of the two classes in the table. For example: @Entity @Table(name="users") class User { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; private String name; @ManyToOne(cascade=CascadeType.PERSIST) private UserRole role; //getters and setters } and a second class: @Entity @Table(name="user_roles") class UserRole { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; private String name; //getters and setters } Next, I retrieve my data using the HbnContainer, and connect it to the table: HbnContainer container = new HbnContainer(User.class, app); table.setContainerDataSource(container); The Table will only display the columns from User, and for the "role" it will put the role id instead. How can I hide that column, and replace it with the UserRole.name ? I managed to use a ColumnGenerator() to get the string value in the table, for the UserRole - but I couldn't remove the previous column, with the numerical value. What am I missing? Or, what is the best way to "customize" your data, before displaying a table (if i want to show data in a table from more than one object type.. what do I do?) If I can't find a simple solution soon, I think I will just build the tables "by hand".. So, any advice on this matter? Thank you, Alex

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• Mutability design patterns in Objective C and C++

  - by Mac

  Having recently done some development for iPhone, I've come to notice an interesting design pattern used a lot in the iPhone SDK, regarding object mutability. It seems the typical approach there is to define an immutable class NSFoo, and then derive from it a mutable descendant NSMutableFoo. Generally, the NSFoo class defines data members, getters and read-only operations, and the derived NSMutableFoo adds on setters and mutating operations. Being more familiar with C++, I couldn't help but notice that this seems to be a complete opposite to what I'd do when writing the same code in C++. While you certainly could take that approach, it seems to me that a more concise approach is to create a single Foo class, mark getters and read-only operations as const functions, and also implement the mutable operations and setters in the same class. You would then end up with a mutable class, but the types Foo const*, Foo const& etc all are effectively the immutable equivalent. I guess my question is, does my take on the situation make sense? I understand why Objective-C does things differently, but are there any advantages to the two-class approach in C++ that I've missed? Or am I missing the point entirely? Not an overly serious question - more for my own curiosity than anything else.

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• JAXB boolean handling oddities and JSF

  - by finrod

  There is a known bug in JAXB: https://jaxb.dev.java.net/issues/show_bug.cgi?id=733 JAXB does not properly generate boolean field getters and setters, this bug is left unfixed for backwards compatibility. A JAXB plugin exists and will ensure that the following getters and setters for boolean fields are generated: setXXX(Boolean value) is generated getXXX() is generated If the boolean attribute specifies default value in the XSD, then getXXX() returns boolean, If the boolean attribute does not specify default in the XSD, then getXXX() returns Boolean. Problem: trying to edit/view the XXX field in a JSF component (such as checkbox) does not work - the component is disabled. I have not traced this in depth but the assumption (backed by the workaround below) is that JSF EL resolver (or whathaveyou) looks for Boolean getXXX() method and since it does not find it, the component is disabled. Workaround: If I change the getXXX() method to always return Boolean, then everything goes. Questions: What are your ideas to address this problem? Have I missed some customization for the boolean-getter JAXB plugin? Is it possible (does it make sense) to alter JSF resolver (or whathaveyou) so that if Boolean getXXX() is not found, it will fall back to boolean getXXX()? I would prefer not to manually intervene and change all the generated getXXX() methods to return Boolean instead of boolean.

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• Populating JavaScript Array from JSP List

  - by tkeE2036

  Ok so perhaps someone can help me with a problem I'm trying to solve. Essentially I have a JSP page which gets a list of Country objects (from the method referenceData() from a Spring Portlet SimpleFormController, not entirely relevant but just mentioning in case it is). Each Country object has a Set of province objects and each province and country have a name field: public class Country { private String name; private Set<Province> provinces; //Getters and setters } public class Province { private String name; //Getters and setters } Now I have two drop down menus in my JSP for countries and provinces and I want to filter the provinces by country. I've been following this tutorial/guide to make a chain select in JavaScript. Now I need a dynamic way to create the JavaScript array from my content. And before anyone mentions AJAX this is out of the question since our project uses portlets and we'd like to stay away from using frameworks like DWR or creating a servlet. Here is the JavaScript/JSP I have so far but it is not populating the Array with anything: var countries = new Array(); <c:forEach items="${countryList}" var="country" varStatus="status"> countries[status.index] = new Array(); countries[status.index]['country'] = ${country.name}; countries[status.index]['provinces'] = [ <c:forEach items="${country.provinces}" var="province" varStatus="provinceStatus"> '${province.name}' <c:if test="${!provinceStatus.last}"> , </c:if> </c:forEach> ]; </c:forEach> Does anyone know how to create an JavaScript array in JSP in the case above or what the 'best-practice' would be considered in this case? Thanks in advance!

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• .net framework execution aborted while executing CLR sproc?

  - by Sean Ochoa

  I constructed a sproc that does the equivalent of FOR XML AUTO in SQL 2008. Now that I'm testing it, it gives me a really unhelpful error msg. Any idea what this error means? Msg 10329, Level 16, State 49, Procedure ForXML, Line 0 .Net Framework execution was aborted. System.Threading.ThreadAbortException: Thread was being aborted. System.Threading.ThreadAbortException: at System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.PtrToStringUni(IntPtr ptr, Int32 len) at System.Data.SqlServer.Internal.CXVariantBase.WSTRToString() at System.Data.SqlServer.Internal.SqlWSTRLimitedBuffer.GetString(SmiEventSink sink) at System.Data.SqlServer.Internal.RowData.GetString(SmiEventSink sink, Int32 i) at Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.ValueUtilsSmi.GetValue(SmiEventSink_Default sink, ITypedGettersV3 getters, Int32 ordinal, SmiMetaData metaData, SmiContext context) at Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.ValueUtilsSmi.GetValue200(SmiEventSink_Default sink, SmiTypedGetterSetter getters, Int32 ordinal, SmiMetaData metaData, SmiContext context) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReaderSmi.GetValue(Int32 ordinal) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReaderSmi.GetValues(Object[] values) at System.Data.ProviderBase.DataReaderContainer.CommonLanguageSubsetDataReader.GetValues(Object[] values) at System.Data.ProviderBase.SchemaMapping.LoadDataRow() at System.Data.Common.DataAdapter.FillLoadDataRow(SchemaMapping mapping) at System.Data.Common.DataAdapter.FillFromReader(DataSet dataset, DataTable datatable, String srcTable, DataReaderContainer dataReader, Int32 startRecord, Int32 maxRecords, DataColumn parentChapterColumn, Object parentChapterValue) at System.Data.Common.DataAdapter.Fill(DataTable[] dataTables, IDataReader dataReader, Int32 startRecord, Int32 maxRecords) at System.Data.Common.DbDataAdapter.FillInternal(DataSet dataset, DataTable[] datatables, Int32 startRecord, Int32 maxRecords, String srcTable, IDbCommand command, CommandBehavior behavior) at System.Data.Common.DbDataAdapter.Fill(DataTable[] dataTables, Int32 startRecord, Int32 maxRecords, IDbCommand command, CommandBehavior behavior) at System.Data.Common.DbDataAdapter.Fill(DataTable dataTable) at ForXML.GetXML...

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• Hibernate Auto-Increment Setup

  - by dharga

  How do I define an entity for the following table. I've got something that isn't working and I just want to see what I'm supposed to do. USE [BAMPI_TP_dev] GO SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO SET ANSI_PADDING ON GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[MemberSelectedOptions]( [OptionId] [int] NOT NULL, [SeqNo] [smallint] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [OptionStatusCd] [char](1) NULL ) ON [PRIMARY] GO SET ANSI_PADDING OFF This is what I have already that isn't working. @Entity @Table(schema="dbo", name="MemberSelectedOptions") public class MemberSelectedOption extends BampiEntity implements Serializable { @Embeddable public static class MSOPK implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Column(name="OptionId") int optionId; @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY) @Column(name="SeqNo", unique=true, nullable=false) BigDecimal seqNo; //Getters and setters here... } private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @EmbeddedId MSOPK pk = new MSOPK(); @Column(name="OptionStatusCd") String optionStatusCd; //More Getters and setters here... } I get the following ST. [5/25/10 15:49:40:221 EDT] 0000003d JDBCException E org.slf4j.impl.JCLLoggerAdapter error Cannot insert explicit value for identity column in table 'MemberSelectedOptions' when IDENTITY_INSERT is set to OFF. [5/25/10 15:49:40:221 EDT] 0000003d AbstractFlush E org.slf4j.impl.JCLLoggerAdapter error Could not synchronize database state with session org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not insert: [com.bob.proj.ws.model.MemberSelectedOption] at org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.convert(SQLStateConverter.java:90) at org.hibernate.exception.JDBCExceptionHelper.convert(JDBCExceptionHelper.java:66) at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:2285) at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:2678) at org.hibernate.action.EntityInsertAction.execute(EntityInsertAction.java:79) at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.execute(ActionQueue.java:279) at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:263) at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:167) at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:321) at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:50) at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1028) at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:366) at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.commit(JDBCTransaction.java:137) at com.bcbst.bamp.ws.dao.MemberSelectedOptionDAOImpl.saveMemberSelectedOption(MemberSelectedOptionDAOImpl.java:143) at com.bcbst.bamp.ws.common.AlertReminder.saveMemberSelectedOptions(AlertReminder.java:76) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)

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• What are the alternatives to public fields?

  - by James

  I am programming a game in java, and as the question title suggestions i am using public fields in my classes. (for the time being) From what i have seen public fields are bad and i have some understanding why. (but if someone could clarify why you should not use them, that would be appreciated) The thing is that also from what i have seen, (and it seems logical) is that using private fields, but using getters and setters to access them is also not good as it defeats the point of using private fields in the first place. So, my question is, what are the alternatives? or do i really have to use private fields with getters and setters? For reference here is one of my classes, and some of its methods. I will elaborate more if needs be. //The player's fields. public double health; public String name; public double goldCount; public double maxWeight; public double currentWeight; public double maxBackPckSlts; public double usedBackPckSlts; // The current back pack slots in use public double maxHealth; // Maximum amount of health public ArrayList<String> backPack = new ArrayList<String>(); //This method happens when ever the player dynamically takes damage(i.e. when it is not scripted for the player to take damage. //Parameters will be added to make it dynamic so the player can take any spread of damage. public void beDamaged(double damage) { this.health -= damage; if (this.health < 0) { this.health = 0; } } public void gainHealth(double gainedHp) { this.health += gainedHp; if (this.health > this.maxHealth) { this.health = this.maxHealth; } }

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• Is it possible to add JPA annotation to superclass instance variables?

  - by Kristofer Borgstrom

  Hi, I am creating entities that are the same for two different tables. In order do table mappings etc. different for the two entities but only have the rest of the code in one place - an abstract superclass. The best thing would be to be able to annotate generic stuff such as column names (since the will be identical) in the super class but that does not work because JPA annotations are not inherited by child classes. Here is an example: public abstract class MyAbstractEntity { @Column(name="PROPERTY") //This will not be inherited and is therefore useless here protected String property; public String getProperty() { return this.property; } //setters, hashCode, equals etc. methods } Which I would like to inherit and only specify the child-specific stuff, like annotations: @Entity @Table(name="MY_ENTITY_TABLE") public class MyEntity extends MyAbstractEntity { //This will not work since this field does not override the super class field, thus the setters and getters break. @Column(name="PROPERTY") protected String property; } Any ideas or will I have to create fields, getters and setters in the child classes? Thanks, Kris

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• How to copy generically superclass instances to subclass instances?

  - by gerry

  Hi @all, I have a class hierarchy / inheritance like this: public class A { private String name; // with getters & setters public void doAWithName(){ ... } } public class B extends A { public void doBWithName(){ // a differnt implementation to what I do in class A } } public class C extends B { public void doCWithName(){ // a differnt implementation to what I do in class A and B } } So at one time there is a instance of class A with the initialized field "name". Later I want this instance of A get wrapped into instance of B or C. So the superclasses should be get wrapped with a subclass! How can I make this most efficent with respect to DRY? I've thought about a constructor that does some copying with the getters/setters. But in this case I have to repeat myself - and this doesn't respect anymore to my initial requirement of DRY! So, how can I warp A to B by just initializing B's new fields (with default values) and delegating the rest to a method in A (which knows more than B about which fields of A should be accessed...). In the same way: If A should be wrapped into C only a method in c should init C's 'new' fields, delegate to B's wrap method (which therefore inits B's 'new' fields in C) and at last B delegates to A which copies it's fields to the fields of C). So in the end I have a new instance of C which has the values of A wrapped (and some default init values to the fields which the inheritance hierarchy has added).

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• Logic for family tree program

  - by david robers

  Hi All, I am creating a family tree program in Java, or at least trying to. I have developed several classes: Person - getters and setter for name gender age etc FamilyMember - extends Person getters and setters for setting arents and children Family - which consists of multiple family members and methods for adding removing members FamilyTree which is the main class for setting relationships. I have two main problems: 1) I need to set the relationships between people. Currently I am doing: FamilyMember A, FamilyMember B B.setMother(A); A.setChild(B); The example above is for setting a mother child relationship. This seems very clunky. Its getting very long winded to implement all relationships. Any ideas on how to implement multiple relationships in a less prodcedural way? 2) I have to be able to display the family tree. How can I do this? Are there any custom classes out there to make life easier? Thanks for your time...

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• Is this possible: JPA/Hibernate query with list property in result ?

  - by Kdeveloper

  In hibernate I want to run this JPQL / HQL query: select new org.test.userDTO( u.id, u.name, u.securityRoles) FROM User u WHERE u.name = :name userDTO class: public class UserDTO { private Integer id; private String name; private List<SecurityRole> securityRoles; public UserDTO(Integer id, String name, List<SecurityRole> securityRoles) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.securityRoles = securityRoles; } ...getters and setters... } User Entity: @Entity public class User { @id private Integer id; private String name; @ManyToMany @JoinTable(name = "user_has_role", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_id") }, inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "security_role_id") } ) private List<SecurityRole> securityRoles; ...getters and setters... } But when Hibernate 3.5 (JPA 2) starts I get this error: org.hibernate.hql.ast.QuerySyntaxException: Unable to locate appropriate constructor on class [org.test.UserDTO] [SELECT NEW org.test.UserDTO (u.id, u.name, u.securityRoles) FROM nl.test.User u WHERE u.name = :name ] Is a select that includes a list as a result not possible? Should I just create 2 seperate queries?

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• Behavior difference between UIView.subviews and [NSView subviews]

  - by zpasternack

  I have a piece of code in an iPhone app, which removes all subviews from a UIView subclass. It looks like this: NSArray* subViews = self.subviews; for( UIView *aView in subViews ) { [aView removeFromSuperview]; } This works fine. In fact, I never really gave it much thought until I tried nearly the same thing in a Mac OS X app (from an NSView subclass): NSArray* subViews = [self subviews]; for( NSView *aView in subViews ) { [aView removeFromSuperview]; } That totally doesn’t work. Specifically, at runtime, I get this: *** Collection <NSCFArray: 0x1005208a0> was mutated while being enumerated. I ended up doing it like so: NSArray* subViews = [[self subviews] copy]; for( NSView *aView in subViews ) { [aView removeFromSuperview]; } [subViews release]; That's fine. What’s bugging me, though, is why does it work on the iPhone? subviews is a copy property: @property(nonatomic,readonly,copy) NSArray *subviews; My first thought was, maybe @synthesize’d getters return a copy when the copy attribute is specified. The doc is clear on the semantics of copy for setters, but doesn’t appear to say either way for getters (or at least, it’s not apparent to me). And actually, doing a few tests of my own, this clearly does not seem to be the case. Which is good, I think returning a copy would be problematic, for a few reasons. So the question is: how does the above code work on the iPhone? NSView is clearly returning a pointer to the actual array of subviews, and perhaps UIView isn’t. Perhaps it’s simply an implementation detail of UIView, and I shouldn’t get worked up about it. Can anyone offer any insight?

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• Loading child entities with JPA on Google App Engine

  - by Phil H

  I am not able to get child entities to load once they are persisted on Google App Engine. I am certain that they are saving because I can see them in the datastore. For example if I have the following two entities. public class Parent implements Serializable{ @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) @Extension(vendorName="datanucleus", key="gae.encoded-pk", value="true") private String key; @OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL) private List<Child> children = new ArrayList<Child>(); //getters and setters } public class Child implements Serializable{ @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) @Extension(vendorName="datanucleus", key="gae.encoded-pk", value="true") private String key; private String name; @ManyToOne private Parent parent; //getters and setters } I can save the parent and a child just fine using the following: Parent parent = new Parent(); Child child = new Child(); child.setName("Child Object"); parent.getChildren().add(child); em.persist(parent); However when I try to load the parent and then try to access the children (I know GAE lazy loads) I do not get the child records. //parent already successfully loaded parent.getChildren.size(); // this returns 0 I've looked at tutorial after tutorial and nothing has worked so far. I'm using version 1.3.3.1 of the SDK. I've seen the problem mentioned on various blogs and even the App Engine forums but the answer is always JDO related. Am I doing something wrong or has anyone else had this problem and solved it for JPA?

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• .NET framework execution aborted while executing CLR stored procedure?

  - by Sean Ochoa

  I constructed a stored procedure that does the equivalent of FOR XML AUTO in SQL Server 2008. Now that I'm testing it, it gives me a really unhelpful error message. What does this error mean? Msg 10329, Level 16, State 49, Procedure ForXML, Line 0 .NET Framework execution was aborted. System.Threading.ThreadAbortException: Thread was being aborted. System.Threading.ThreadAbortException: at System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.PtrToStringUni(IntPtr ptr, Int32 len) at System.Data.SqlServer.Internal.CXVariantBase.WSTRToString() at System.Data.SqlServer.Internal.SqlWSTRLimitedBuffer.GetString(SmiEventSink sink) at System.Data.SqlServer.Internal.RowData.GetString(SmiEventSink sink, Int32 i) at Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.ValueUtilsSmi.GetValue(SmiEventSink_Default sink, ITypedGettersV3 getters, Int32 ordinal, SmiMetaData metaData, SmiContext context) at Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.ValueUtilsSmi.GetValue200(SmiEventSink_Default sink, SmiTypedGetterSetter getters, Int32 ordinal, SmiMetaData metaData, SmiContext context) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReaderSmi.GetValue(Int32 ordinal) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReaderSmi.GetValues(Object[] values) at System.Data.ProviderBase.DataReaderContainer.CommonLanguageSubsetDataReader.GetValues(Object[] values) at System.Data.ProviderBase.SchemaMapping.LoadDataRow() at System.Data.Common.DataAdapter.FillLoadDataRow(SchemaMapping mapping) at System.Data.Common.DataAdapter.FillFromReader(DataSet dataset, DataTable datatable, String srcTable, DataReaderContainer dataReader, Int32 startRecord, Int32 maxRecords, DataColumn parentChapterColumn, Object parentChapterValue) at System.Data.Common.DataAdapter.Fill(DataTable[] dataTables, IDataReader dataReader, Int32 startRecord, Int32 maxRecords) at System.Data.Common.DbDataAdapter.FillInternal(DataSet dataset, DataTable[] datatables, Int32 startRecord, Int32 maxRecords, String srcTable, IDbCommand command, CommandBehavior behavior) at System.Data.Common.DbDataAdapter.Fill(DataTable[] dataTables, Int32 startRecord, Int32 maxRecords, IDbCommand command, CommandBehavior behavior) at System.Data.Common.DbDataAdapter.Fill(DataTable dataTable) at ForXML.GetXML...

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• Ensure that all getter methods were called in a JUnit test

  - by Freiheit

  I have a class that uses XStream and is used as a transfer format for my application. I am writing tests for other classes that map this transfer format to and from a different messaging standard. I would like to ensure that all getters on my class are called within a test to ensure that if a new field is added, my test properly checks for it. A rough outline of the XStream class @XStreamAlias("thing") public class Thing implements Serializable { private int id; private int someField; public int getId(){ ... } public int someField() { ... } } So now if I update that class to be: @XStreamAlias("thing") public class Thing implements Serializable { private int id; private int someField; private String newField; public int getId(){ ... } public int getSomeField() { ... } public String getNewField(){ ... } } I would want my test to fail because the old tests are not calling getNewField(). The goal is to ensure that if new getters are added, that we have some way of ensuring that the tests check them. Ideally, this would be contained entirely in the test and not require modifying the underlying Thing class. Any ideas? Thanks for looking!

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• Best practice to propagate preferences of application

  - by Shebuka

  What is your approach with propagation to all classes/windows of preferences/settings of your application? Do you share the preference_manager class to all classes/windows who need it or you make variables in each classes/windows and update them manually each time setting are changed? Currently I have a PreferencesInterface class that hold all preferences and is responsible to default all values with a dedicated method called on create and when needed, all values are public, so non getters/setters, also it have virtual SavePreferences/LoadPreferences methods. Then I have PreferencesManager that extends from PreferencesInterface and is responsible for actually implementation of SavePreferences/LoadPreferences. I've made this basically for cross-platform so that every platform can have a different implementation of actual storage (registry, ini, plist, xml, whatever).

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• Is there any reason to use "plain old data" classes?

  - by Michael

  In legacy code I occasionally see classes that are nothing but wrappers for data. something like: class Bottle { int height; int diameter; Cap capType; getters/setters, maybe a constructor } My understanding of OO is that classes are structures for data and the methods of operating on that data. This seems to preclude objects of this type. To me they are nothing more than structs and kind of defeat the purpose of OO. I don't think it's necessarily evil, though it may be a code smell. Is there a case where such objects would be necessary? If this is used often, does it make the design suspect?

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• Breaking through the class sealing

  - by Jason Crease

  Do you understand 'sealing' in C#?  Somewhat?  Anyway, here's the lowdown. I've done this article from a C# perspective, but I've occasionally referenced .NET when appropriate. What is sealing a class? By sealing a class in C#, you ensure that you ensure that no class can be derived from that class.  You do this by simply adding the word 'sealed' to a class definition: public sealed class Dog {} Now writing something like " public sealed class Hamster: Dog {} " you'll get a compile error like this: 'Hamster: cannot derive from sealed type 'Dog' If you look in an IL disassembler, you'll see a definition like this: .class public auto ansi sealed beforefieldinit Dog extends [mscorlib]System.Object Note the addition of the word 'sealed'. What about sealing methods? You can also seal overriding methods.  By adding the word 'sealed', you ensure that the method cannot be overridden in a derived class.  Consider the following code: public class Dog : Mammal { public sealed override void Go() { } } public class Mammal { public virtual void Go() { } } In this code, the method 'Go' in Dog is sealed.  It cannot be overridden in a subclass.  Writing this would cause a compile error: public class Dachshund : Dog { public override void Go() { } } However, we can 'new' a method with the same name.  This is essentially a new method; distinct from the 'Go' in the subclass: public class Terrier : Dog { public new void Go() { } } Sealing properties? You can also seal seal properties.  You add 'sealed' to the property definition, like so: public sealed override string Name {     get { return m_Name; }     set { m_Name = value; } } In C#, you can only seal a property, not the underlying setters/getters.  This is because C# offers no override syntax for setters or getters.  However, in underlying IL you seal the setter and getter methods individually - a property is just metadata. Why bother sealing? There are a few traditional reasons to seal: Invariance. Other people may want to derive from your class, even though your implementation may make successful derivation near-impossible.  There may be twisted, hacky logic that could never be second-guessed by another developer.  By sealing your class, you're protecting them from wasting their time.  The CLR team has sealed most of the framework classes, and I assume they did this for this reason. Security.  By deriving from your type, an attacker may gain access to functionality that enables him to hack your system.  I consider this a very weak security precaution. Speed.  If a class is sealed, then .NET doesn't need to consult the virtual-function-call table to find the actual type, since it knows that no derived type can exist.  Therefore, it could emit a 'call' instead of 'callvirt' or at least optimise the machine code, thus producing a performance benefit.  But I've done trials, and have been unable to demonstrate this If you have an example, please share! All in all, I'm not convinced that sealing is interesting or important.  Anyway, moving-on... What is automatically sealed? Value types and structs.  If they were not always sealed, all sorts of things would go wrong.  For instance, structs are laid-out inline within a class.  But what if you assigned a substruct to a struct field of that class?  There may be too many fields to fit. Static classes.  Static classes exist in C# but not .NET.  The C# compiler compiles a static class into an 'abstract sealed' class.  So static classes are already sealed in C#. Enumerations.  The CLR does not track the types of enumerations - it treats them as simple value types.  Hence, polymorphism would not work. What cannot be sealed? Interfaces.  Interfaces exist to be implemented, so sealing to prevent implementation is dumb.  But what if you could prevent interfaces from being extended (i.e. ban declarations like "public interface IMyInterface : ISealedInterface")?  There is no good reason to seal an interface like this.  Sealing finalizes behaviour, but interfaces have no intrinsic behaviour to finalize Abstract classes.  In IL you can create an abstract sealed class.  But C# syntax for this already exists - declaring a class as a 'static', so it forces you to declare it as such. Non-override methods.  If a method isn't declared as override it cannot be overridden, so sealing would make no difference.  Note this is stated from a C# perspective - the words are opposite in IL.  In IL, you have four choices in total: no declaration (which actually seals the method), 'virtual' (called 'override' in C#), 'sealed virtual' ('sealed override' in C#) and 'newslot virtual' ('new virtual' or 'virtual' in C#, depending on whether the method already exists in a base class). Methods that implement interface methods.  Methods that implement an interface method must be virtual, so cannot be sealed. Fields.  A field cannot be overridden, only hidden (using the 'new' keyword in C#), so sealing would make no sense.

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• Is there any reason to use "container" classes?

  - by Michael

  I realize the term "container" is misleading in this context - if anyone can think of a better term please edit it in. In legacy code I occasionally see classes that are nothing but wrappers for data. something like: class Bottle { int height; int diameter; Cap capType; getters/setters, maybe a constructor } My understanding of OO is that classes are structures for data and the methods of operating on that data. This seems to preclude objects of this type. To me they are nothing more than structs and kind of defeat the purpose of OO. I don't think it's necessarily evil, though it may be a code smell. Is there a case where such objects would be necessary? If this is used often, does it make the design suspect?

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• Using dot To Access Object Attribute and Proper abstraction

  - by cobie

  I have been programming in python and java for quite a number of years and one thing i find myself doing is using the setters and getters from java in python but a number of blogs seem to think using the dot notation for access is the pythonic way. What I would like to know is if using dot to access methods does not violate abstraction principle. If for example I implement an attribute as a single object and use dot notation to access, if I wanted to change the code later so that the attribute is represented by a list of objects, that would require quite some heavy lifting which violates abstraction principle.

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• Simplifier le code de vos beans Java à l'aide de Commons Lang, Guava et Lombok, par Thierry Leriche-Dessirier

  Bonjour à tous, Je vous propose un article intitulé "Simplifier le code de vos beans Java à l'aide de Commons Lang, Guava et Lombok". Synopsis : Un bean classique, représentant un chien par exemple, peut vite peser des centaines de lignes quand on l'équipe avec les méthodes classiques et indispensables (constructeurs, getters, setters, equals, hashCode, toString, compareTo), même s'il possède peu d'attributs. Dans cet article, nous verrons comment mettre un tel cabot au régime et lui faire une beauté à l'aide de Commons Lang, Guava et Lombok. Nous en profiterons pour comparer ces bibliothèques entre elles et avec le code Java habituel, sans oublier celui qu'Eclipse génère. L'article est disponible ici :

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