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  • Check "Id3 Tag" integrity from mp3 (almost a "debug"). Is it possible?

    - by Somebody still uses you MS-DOS
    I'm using Mp3Tag do edit Id3 tags in my mp3 files. In the editor everything looks ok, but in my iTunes, some of them just ge messed up. The artist isn't read, Album Artist doesn't show up, this kind of thing. It's just random, some are messed up, some aren't. How do I "debug" this problem? How can I check what is written in my mp3 metadata, if possible, running all my mp3 in a batch (since I have 100gb)? How do I know if there are "garbage" in the metadata section along with information I correctly edited?

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  • Exposing the AnyConnect HTTPS service to outside network

    - by Maciej Swic
    We have a Cisco ASA 5505 with firmware ASA9.0(1) and ASDM 7.0(2). It is configured with a public ip address, and when trying to reach it from the outside by HTTPS for AnyConnect VPN, we get the following log output: 6 Nov 12 2012 07:01:40 <client-ip> 51000 <asa-ip> 443 Built inbound TCP connection 2889 for outside:<client-ip>/51000 (<client-ip>/51000) to identity:<asa-ip>/443 (<asa-ip>/443) 6 Nov 12 2012 07:01:40 <client-ip> 50999 <asa-ip> 443 Built inbound TCP connection 2890 for outside:<client-ip>/50999 (<client-ip>/50999) to identity:<asa-ip>/443 (<asa-ip>/443) 6 Nov 12 2012 07:01:40 <client-ip> 51000 <asa-ip> 443 Teardown TCP connection 2889 for outside:<client-ip>/51000 to identity:<asa-ip>/443 duration 0:00:00 bytes 0 No valid adjacency 6 Nov 12 2012 07:01:40 <client-ip> 50999 <asa-ip> 443 Teardown TCP connection 2890 for outside:<client-ip>/50999 to identity:<asa-ip>/443 duration 0:00:00 bytes 0 No valid adjacency We finished the startup wizard and the anyconnect vpn wizard and here is the resulting configuration: Cryptochecksum: 12262d68 23b0d136 bb55644a 9c08f86b : Saved : Written by enable_15 at 07:08:30.519 UTC Mon Nov 12 2012 ! ASA Version 9.0(1) ! hostname vpn domain-name office.<redacted>.com enable password <redacted> encrypted passwd <redacted> encrypted names ip local pool vpn-pool 192.168.67.2-192.168.67.253 mask 255.255.255.0 ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.68.250 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address <redacted> 255.255.255.248 ! ftp mode passive dns server-group DefaultDNS domain-name office.<redacted>.com object network obj_any subnet 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu outside 1500 mtu inside 1500 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 no arp permit-nonconnected ! object network obj_any nat (inside,outside) dynamic interface timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout pat-xlate 0:00:30 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 timeout floating-conn 0:00:00 dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy user-identity default-domain LOCAL http server enable http 192.168.68.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart warmstart crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal DES protocol esp encryption des protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal 3DES protocol esp encryption 3des protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES protocol esp encryption aes protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES192 protocol esp encryption aes-192 protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES256 protocol esp encryption aes-256 protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec security-association pmtu-aging infinite crypto dynamic-map SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP 65535 set ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES256 AES192 AES 3DES DES crypto map outside_map 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP crypto map outside_map interface outside crypto map inside_map 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP crypto map inside_map interface inside crypto ca trustpoint _SmartCallHome_ServerCA crl configure crypto ca trustpoint ASDM_TrustPoint0 enrollment self subject-name CN=vpn proxy-ldc-issuer crl configure crypto ca trustpool policy crypto ca certificate chain _SmartCallHome_ServerCA certificate ca 6ecc7aa5a7032009b8cebcf4e952d491 <redacted> quit crypto ca certificate chain ASDM_TrustPoint0 certificate f678a050 <redacted> quit crypto ikev2 policy 1 encryption aes-256 integrity sha group 5 2 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 10 encryption aes-192 integrity sha group 5 2 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 20 encryption aes integrity sha group 5 2 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 30 encryption 3des integrity sha group 5 2 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 40 encryption des integrity sha group 5 2 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 enable outside client-services port 443 crypto ikev2 remote-access trustpoint ASDM_TrustPoint0 telnet timeout 5 ssh 192.168.68.0 255.255.255.0 inside ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 vpn-addr-assign local reuse-delay 60 dhcpd auto_config outside ! dhcpd address 192.168.68.254-192.168.68.254 inside ! threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics access-list no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept ssl trust-point ASDM_TrustPoint0 inside ssl trust-point ASDM_TrustPoint0 outside webvpn enable outside enable inside anyconnect image disk0:/anyconnect-win-3.1.01065-k9.pkg 1 anyconnect image disk0:/anyconnect-linux-3.1.01065-k9.pkg 2 anyconnect image disk0:/anyconnect-macosx-i386-3.1.01065-k9.pkg 3 anyconnect profiles GM-AnyConnect_client_profile disk0:/GM-AnyConnect_client_profile.xml anyconnect enable tunnel-group-list enable group-policy GroupPolicy_GM-AnyConnect internal group-policy GroupPolicy_GM-AnyConnect attributes wins-server none dns-server value 192.168.68.254 vpn-tunnel-protocol ikev2 ssl-client default-domain value office.<redacted>.com webvpn anyconnect profiles value GM-AnyConnect_client_profile type user username <redacted> password <redacted> encrypted tunnel-group GM-AnyConnect type remote-access tunnel-group GM-AnyConnect general-attributes address-pool vpn-pool default-group-policy GroupPolicy_GM-AnyConnect tunnel-group GM-AnyConnect webvpn-attributes group-alias GM-AnyConnect enable ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum client auto message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect esmtp inspect sqlnet inspect skinny inspect sunrpc inspect xdmcp inspect sip inspect netbios inspect tftp inspect ip-options ! service-policy global_policy global prompt hostname context call-home reporting anonymous Cryptochecksum:12262d6823b0d136bb55644a9c08f86b : end Clearly we are missing something, but the question is, what?

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  • Open Source Code Integrity - How does quality assurance work?

    - by rockinthesixstring
    I've thought about this before and this topic has often steered me away from Open Source projects. Recently DotNetPanel has changed it's name to WebSitePanel and gone Open Source. The rumor mill is speculating that Microsoft is behind this. My question (in multi-part) is quite simple. Can somebody please explain to me how quality assurance works on Open Source projects? How can a closed application get "only better" when Open Source? Doesn't the "too many cooks in the kitchen" theory apply when too many developers contribute (possibly bad) code to a project?

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  • Does Zend Navigation view helper has a uri integrity check?

    - by simple
    I am kind a confused, though I am using the uri's, it doesn't render child menu items when uri has nonexisting element(madule name||controller name) <tours> <label>Tours</label> <uri>/admin/tour/index/list</uri> <class>admin-main-navigation-item ui-corner-right</class> <pages> <add> <label>Add</label> <uri>/admin/tour/index/form/type/add</uri> </add> <edit> <label>Edit</label> <uri>/admin/tour/index/list</uri> </edit> </pages> </tours> the edit and add item are not rendered because of the "admin" - is a dummy word that I use to distinguish if it is a frontend or backend of the module. any help would be appreciated, thanks

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  • Cisco VPN Client Behind ASA 5505

    - by fdf33
    I'm trying to get connected to another ASA via Cisco VPN Client. I am behind an ASA 5505 myself and I am tryihng to VPN to a 5510. I get the message: Secure VPN Connection terminated locally by the Client. Reason 412: The remote peer is no longer responding. I can connect to the other ASA if I use a normal cheap Linksys. Here's the version of my ASA: Result of the command: "sh ver" Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software Version 8.4(1) Any help would be great. Thanks running-config : Saved : Written by enable_15 at 23:12:32.378 UTC Fri Jul 1 2011 ! ASA Version 8.4(1) ! hostname aaaasa domain-name aaa.local enable password xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx encrypted passwd xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx encrypted names ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 255.255.254.0 ! interface Vlan5 no nameif security-level 50 ip address 172.16.0.254 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan500 no nameif security-level 100 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! boot system disk0:/asa841-k8.bin ftp mode passive dns domain-lookup inside dns domain-lookup outside dns server-group DefaultDNS name-server 4.2.2.2 domain-name aaa.local same-security-traffic permit inter-interface same-security-traffic permit intra-interface object network obj_any subnet 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 object network A_93.97.168.1 host 93.97.168.1 object network rdp host 192.168.1.2 object network NETWORK_OBJ_192.168.1.0_24 subnet 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 access-list 101 extended permit tcp any host 192.168.1.2 eq 3389 access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any echo-reply access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any source-quench access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any time-exceeded access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any unreachable access-list 102 extended permit ip any any pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1492 ip local pool VPNPool 192.168.2.200-192.168.2.210 mask 255.255.255.0 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 asdm image disk0:/asdm-641.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 ! object network rdp nat (inside,outside) static interface service tcp 3389 3389 ! nat (inside,outside) after-auto source dynamic any interface access-group 101 in interface outside access-group 102 out interface outside ! router ospf 1 network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 0 log-adj-changes ! route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 93.97.168.1 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy http server enable http 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal DES protocol esp encryption des protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal 3DES protocol esp encryption 3des protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES protocol esp encryption aes protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES192 protocol esp encryption aes-192 protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES256 protocol esp encryption aes-256 protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto dynamic-map SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP 65535 set ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES256 AES192 AES 3DES DES crypto map outside_map 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP crypto map outside_map interface outside crypto ca trustpoint ASDM_TrustPoint0 enrollment self subject-name CN=ciscoasa proxy-ldc-issuer crl configure crypto ca certificate chain ASDM_TrustPoint0 certificate 8877d64d 30820248 308201b1 a0030201 02020488 77d64d30 0d06092a 864886f7 0d010105 05003036 3111300f 06035504 03130863 6973636f 61736131 21301f06 092a8648 86f70d01 09021612 63697363 6f617361 2e6e6a64 2e6c6f63 616c301e 170d3131 30353231 30383533 34325a17 0d323130 35313830 38353334 325a3036 3111300f 06035504 03130863 6973636f 61736131 21301f06 092a8648 86f70d01 09021612 63697363 6f617361 2e6e6a64 2e6c6f63 616c3081 9f300d06 092a8648 86f70d01 01010500 03818d00 30818902 818100ea 1aa95141 480e616c efee6816 a96d6511 313b6776 cd3dd57b cd84b4d2 5e108aee 7c980086 4d92e2eb b6c7bf66 4585af0a ccbf153a db9270be c6f5c67b db9dd8d1 2f78d033 3348b056 df4be0da 70e08953 53adf294 9db6c020 597d250f bf448b43 b90179c8 ff0b15d8 744632d9 31c1945f 0b11e258 b4c1d224 692efff4 7b2f5102 03010001 a3633061 300f0603 551d1301 01ff0405 30030101 ff300e06 03551d0f 0101ff04 04030201 86301f06 03551d23 04183016 8014493c 19db183a ab1af9e9 b1e44ad4 2a408b3c 89d1301d 0603551d 0e041604 14493c19 db183aab 1af9e9b1 e44ad42a 408b3c89 d1300d06 092a8648 86f70d01 01050500 03818100 1dd1760a fdd15941 4803fb9a cd6f44a7 2e275854 a1c0fbe1 d19f2cc9 182d43ef a547f854 8df96d15 3ea79c62 cf3fcb1c 5820360b c607dbfc 4de8bb16 19f727e9 b928a085 665816d8 138e4a35 ed610950 7910dd4a 0b1a9dd9 0e26f1c8 b78bc0cc cbf19eb2 4c4c3931 45199ea5 249e3266 661e44fd 7a00d376 dcfc6e4e d43f10b8 quit crypto isakmp nat-traversal 30 crypto ikev2 policy 1 encryption aes-256 integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 10 encryption aes-192 integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 20 encryption aes integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 30 encryption 3des integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 40 encryption des integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 enable outside client-services port 443 crypto ikev2 remote-access trustpoint ASDM_TrustPoint0 telnet timeout 5 ssh 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 dhcpd auto_config outside ! dhcpd address 192.168.1.5-192.168.1.36 inside dhcpd dns 4.2.2.2 interface inside dhcpd enable inside ! threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics host number-of-rate 3 threat-detection statistics port threat-detection statistics protocol threat-detection statistics access-list threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept rate-interval 30 burst-rate 400 average-rate 200 ntp server 82.219.4.31 source outside prefer ssl trust-point ASDM_TrustPoint0 outside webvpn enable outside anyconnect image disk0:/anyconnect-win-2.4.1012-k9.pkg 1 anyconnect profiles AnyConnectVPN_client_profile disk0:/AnyConnectVPN_client_profile.xml anyconnect profiles SSLAnyConnectVPN_client_profile disk0:/SSLAnyConnectVPN_client_profile.xml anyconnect enable tunnel-group-list enable group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN internal group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN attributes wins-server none dns-server value 4.2.2.2 vpn-tunnel-protocol ikev2 ssl-client ssl-clientless default-domain value aaa.local webvpn url-list none anyconnect profiles value AnyConnectVPN_client_profile type user group-policy GroupPolicy_SSLAnyConnectVPN internal group-policy GroupPolicy_SSLAnyConnectVPN attributes wins-server none dns-server value 4.2.2.2 vpn-tunnel-protocol ikev2 ssl-client default-domain value aaa.local webvpn anyconnect profiles value SSLAnyConnectVPN_client_profile type user username testuser password xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx encrypted privilege 0 username testuser attributes vpn-group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN tunnel-group SSLPOL type remote-access tunnel-group SSLPOL general-attributes default-group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN tunnel-group SSLAnyConnectVPN type remote-access tunnel-group SSLAnyConnectVPN general-attributes address-pool VPNPool default-group-policy GroupPolicy_SSLAnyConnectVPN tunnel-group SSLAnyConnectVPN webvpn-attributes group-alias SSLAnyConnectVPN enable ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect esmtp inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect ip-options inspect netbios inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect sip inspect skinny inspect sqlnet inspect sunrpc inspect tftp inspect xdmcp ! service-policy global_policy global prompt hostname context call-home profile CiscoTAC-1 no active destination address http https://tools.cisco.com/its/service/oddce/services/DDCEService destination address email [email protected] destination transport-method http subscribe-to-alert-group diagnostic subscribe-to-alert-group environment subscribe-to-alert-group inventory periodic monthly subscribe-to-alert-group configuration periodic monthly subscribe-to-alert-group telemetry periodic daily Cryptochecksum:94a65341aa27d3929d5e92a32ba22120 : end

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  • Limiting database security

    - by Torbal
    A number of texts signify that the most important aspects offered by a DBMS are availability, integrity and secrecy. As part of a homework assignment I have been tasked with mentioning attacks which would affect each aspect. This is what I have come up with - are they any good? Availability - DDOS attack Integrity Secrecy - SQL Injection attack Integrity - Use of trojans to gain access to objects with higher security roles

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  • Oracle Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel and Emulex HBA Eliminate Silent Data Corruption

    - by sergio.leunissen
    Yesterday, Emulex announced that it has added support for T10 Protection Information (T10-PI), formerly called T10-DIF, to a number of its HBAs. When used with Oracle's Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel, this will prevent silent data corruption and help ensure the integrity and regulatory compliance of user data as it is transferred from the application to the SAN From the press release: Traditionally, protecting the integrity of customers' data has been done with multiple discrete solutions, including Error Correcting Code (ECC) and Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), but there have been coverage gaps across the I/O path from the operating system to the storage. The implementation of the T10-PI standard via Emulex's BlockGuard feature, in conjunction with other industry player's implementations, ensures that data is validated as it moves through the data path, from the application, to the HBA, to storage, enabling seamless end-to-end integrity. Read the white paper and don't miss the live webcast on eliminating silent data corruption on December 16th!

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  • IE Automation - How to Trap 'NewProcess' event

    - by dpb
    In Environment - Standard User, Win7x64, IE8 on opening Unprotected URL, IE 8 will first start a tab with low integrity and the swap out this tab with another tab of medium integrity. This is done behind the scene and the original IWebBrowser2 pointer is lost. I want to catch the 'NewProcess' Event which will get generated during this swap out, please help me how to go about this. Sample code can help me, me using C++ Ref - http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ieinternals/archive/2011/08/03/internet-explorer-automation-protected-mode-lcie-default-integrity-level-medium.aspx Thank You

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  • Security in Software

    The term security has many meanings based on the context and perspective in which it is used. Security from the perspective of software/system development is the continuous process of maintaining confidentiality, integrity, and availability of a system, sub-system, and system data. This definition at a very high level can be restated as the following: Computer security is a continuous process dealing with confidentiality, integrity, and availability on multiple layers of a system. Key Aspects of Software Security Integrity Confidentiality Availability Integrity within a system is the concept of ensuring only authorized users can only manipulate information through authorized methods and procedures. An example of this can be seen in a simple lead management application.  If the business decided to allow each sales member to only update their own leads in the system and sales managers can update all leads in the system then an integrity violation would occur if a sales member attempted to update someone else’s leads. An integrity violation occurs when a team member attempts to update someone else’s lead because it was not entered by the sales member.  This violates the business rule that leads can only be update by the originating sales member. Confidentiality within a system is the concept of preventing unauthorized access to specific information or tools.  In a perfect world the knowledge of the existence of confidential information/tools would be unknown to all those who do not have access. When this this concept is applied within the context of an application only the authorized information/tools will be available. If we look at the sales lead management system again, leads can only be updated by originating sales members. If we look at this rule then we can say that all sales leads are confidential between the system and the sales person who entered the lead in to the system. The other sales team members would not need to know about the leads let alone need to access it. Availability within a system is the concept of authorized users being able to access the system. A real world example can be seen again from the lead management system. If that system was hosted on a web server then IP restriction can be put in place to limit access to the system based on the requesting IP address. If in this example all of the sales members where accessing the system from the 192.168.1.23 IP address then removing access from all other IPs would be need to ensure that improper access to the system is prevented while approved users can access the system from an authorized location. In essence if the requesting user is not coming from an authorized IP address then the system will appear unavailable to them. This is one way of controlling where a system is accessed. Through the years several design principles have been identified as being beneficial when integrating security aspects into a system. These principles in various combinations allow for a system to achieve the previously defined aspects of security based on generic architectural models. Security Design Principles Least Privilege Fail-Safe Defaults Economy of Mechanism Complete Mediation Open Design Separation Privilege Least Common Mechanism Psychological Acceptability Defense in Depth Least Privilege Design PrincipleThe Least Privilege design principle requires a minimalistic approach to granting user access rights to specific information and tools. Additionally, access rights should be time based as to limit resources access bound to the time needed to complete necessary tasks. The implications of granting access beyond this scope will allow for unnecessary access and the potential for data to be updated out of the approved context. The assigning of access rights will limit system damaging attacks from users whether they are intentional or not. This principle attempts to limit data changes and prevents potential damage from occurring by accident or error by reducing the amount of potential interactions with a resource. Fail-Safe Defaults Design PrincipleThe Fail-Safe Defaults design principle pertains to allowing access to resources based on granted access over access exclusion. This principle is a methodology for allowing resources to be accessed only if explicit access is granted to a user. By default users do not have access to any resources until access has been granted. This approach prevents unauthorized users from gaining access to resource until access is given. Economy of Mechanism Design PrincipleThe Economy of mechanism design principle requires that systems should be designed as simple and small as possible. Design and implementation errors result in unauthorized access to resources that would not be noticed during normal use. Complete Mediation Design PrincipleThe Complete Mediation design principle states that every access to every resource must be validated for authorization. Open Design Design PrincipleThe Open Design Design Principle is a concept that the security of a system and its algorithms should not be dependent on secrecy of its design or implementation Separation Privilege Design PrincipleThe separation privilege design principle requires that all resource approved resource access attempts be granted based on more than a single condition. For example a user should be validated for active status and has access to the specific resource. Least Common Mechanism Design PrincipleThe Least Common Mechanism design principle declares that mechanisms used to access resources should not be shared. Psychological Acceptability Design PrincipleThe Psychological Acceptability design principle refers to security mechanisms not make resources more difficult to access than if the security mechanisms were not present Defense in Depth Design PrincipleThe Defense in Depth design principle is a concept of layering resource access authorization verification in a system reduces the chance of a successful attack. This layered approach to resource authorization requires unauthorized users to circumvent each authorization attempt to gain access to a resource. When designing a system that requires meeting a security quality attribute architects need consider the scope of security needs and the minimum required security qualities. Not every system will need to use all of the basic security design principles but will use one or more in combination based on a company’s and architect’s threshold for system security because the existence of security in an application adds an additional layer to the overall system and can affect performance. That is why the definition of minimum security acceptably is need when a system is design because this quality attributes needs to be factored in with the other system quality attributes so that the system in question adheres to all qualities based on the priorities of the qualities. Resources: Barnum, Sean. Gegick, Michael. (2005). Least Privilege. Retrieved on August 28, 2011 from https://buildsecurityin.us-cert.gov/bsi/articles/knowledge/principles/351-BSI.html Saltzer, Jerry. (2011). BASIC PRINCIPLES OF INFORMATION PROTECTION. Retrieved on August 28, 2011 from  http://web.mit.edu/Saltzer/www/publications/protection/Basic.html Barnum, Sean. Gegick, Michael. (2005). Defense in Depth. Retrieved on August 28, 2011 from  https://buildsecurityin.us-cert.gov/bsi/articles/knowledge/principles/347-BSI.html Bertino, Elisa. (2005). Design Principles for Security. Retrieved on August 28, 2011 from  http://homes.cerias.purdue.edu/~bhargav/cs526/security-9.pdf

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  • Contiguous Time Periods

    It is always better, and more efficient, to maintain referential integrity by using constraints rather than triggers. Sometimes it is not at all obvious how to do this, and the history table, and other temporal data tables, presented problems for checking data that were difficult to solve with constraints. Suddenly, Alex Kuznetsov came up with a good solution, and so now history tables can benefit from more effective integrity checking. Joe explains...

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  • If some standards apply when "it depends" then should I stick with custom approaches?

    - by Travis J
    If I have an unconventional approach which works better than the industry standard, should I just stick with it even though in principal it violates those standards? What I am talking about is referential integrity for relational database management systems. The standard for enforcing referential integrity is to CASCADE delete. In practice, this is just not going to work all the time. In my current case, it does not. The alternative suggested is to either change the reference to NULL, DEFAULT, or just to take NO ACTION - usually in the form of a "soft delete". I am all about enforcing referential integrity. Love it. However, sometimes it just does not fully apply to use all the standards in practice. My approach has been to slightly abandon a small part of one of those practices which is the part about leaving "hanging references" around. Oops. The trade off is plentiful in this situation I believe. Instead of having deprecated data in the production database, a splattering of "soft delete" logic all across my controllers (and views sometimes depending on how far down the chain the soft delete occurred), and the prospect of queries taking longer and longer - instead of all that - I now have a recycle bin and centralized logic. The only tradeoff is that I must explicitly manage the possibility of "hanging references" which can be done through generics with one class. Any thoughts?

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  • What the Hekaton?

    - by Tony Davis
    Hekaton, the power behind SQL Server 2014′s In-Memory OLTP technology, is intended to make data operations run orders of magnitude faster on SQL Server. This works its magic partly by serving database workloads entirely from main memory, using memory-optimized table structures. It replaces the relational engine’s standard locking model with an optimistic concurrency model based on time-stamped row versions. Deeper down the Hekaton engine uses new, ‘latch free’ data structures. So far, so good, but performance improvements on this scale require a compromise, and the compromise is that these aren’t tables as we understand them. For the database developer, these differences are painful because they involve sacrificing some very important bits of the relational model. Most importantly, Hekaton tables don’t currently support FOREIGN KEY constraints or CHECK constraints, and you can’t put the checks in triggers because there aren’t any DML triggers either. Constraints allow a relational designer to enforce relational integrity and data integrity. Without them, of course, ‘bad data’ can get into our Hekaton tables. There is no easy way of preventing it. For several classes of database and data, this is a show-stopper. One may regard all these restrictions regretfully, seeing limited opportunity to try out Hekaton with current databases, but perhaps there is also a sudden glow of recognition. Isn’t this how we all originally imagined table variables were going to be, back in SQL 2005? And they have much the same restrictions. Maybe, instead of pretending that a currently-designed database can be ‘Hekatonized’ with a few mouse clicks, we should redesign databases for SQL 2014 to replace table variables with Hekaton tables, exploiting this technology for fast intermediate processing, and for the most part forget, for now, the idea of trying to convert our base relational tables into Hekaton tables. Few database developers would be averse to having their working tables running an order of magnitude faster, as long as it didn’t compromise the integrity of the data in the base tables.

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  • Using a random string to authenticate HMAC?

    - by mrwooster
    I am designing a simple webservice and want to use HMAC for authentication to the service. For the purpose of this question we have: a web service at example.com a secret key shared between a user and the server [K] a consumer ID which is known to the user and the server (but is not necessarily secret) [D] a message which we wish to send to the server [M] The standard HMAC implementation would involve using the secret key [K] and the message [M] to create the hash [H], but I am running into issues with this. The message [M] can be quite long and tends to be read from a file. I have found its very difficult to produce a correct hash consistently across multiple operating systems and programming languages because of hidden characters which make it into various file formats. This is of course bad implementation on the client side (100%), but I would like this webservice to be easily accessible and not have trouble with different file formats. I was thinking of an alternative, which would allow the use a short (5-10 char) random string [R] rather than the message for autentication, e.g. H = HMAC(K,R) The user then passes the random string to the server and the server checks the HMAC server side (using random string + shared secret). As far as I can see, this produces the following issues: There is no message integrity - this is ok message integrity is not important for this service A user could re-use the hash with a different message - I can see 2 ways around this Combine the random string with a timestamp so the hash is only valid for a set period of time Only allow each random string to be used once Since the client is in control of the random string, it is easier to look for collisions I should point out that the principle reason for authentication is to implement rate limiting on the API service. There is zero need for message integrity, and its not a big deal if someone can forge a single request (but it is if they can forge a very large number very quickly). I know that the correct answer is to make sure the message [M] is the same on all platforms/languages before hashing it. But, taking that out of the equation, is the above proposal an acceptable 2nd best?

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  • Developer’s Life – Every Developer is a Captain America

    - by Pinal Dave
    Captain America was first created as a comic book character in the 1940’s as a way to boost morale during World War II.  Aimed at a children’s audience, his legacy faded away when the war ended.  However, he has recently has a major reboot to become a popular movie character that deals with modern issues. When Captain America was first written, there was no such thing as a developer, programmer or a computer (the way we think of them, anyway).  Despite these limitations, I think there are still a lot of ways that modern Captain America is like modern developers. So how are developers like Captain America? Well, read on my list of reasons. Take on Big Projects Captain America isn’t afraid to take on big projects – and takes responsibility when the project is co-opted by the evil organization HYDRA.  Developers may not have super villains out there corrupting their work, but they know to keep on top of their projects and own what they do. Elderly Wisdom Steve Rogers, Captain America’s alter ego, was frozen in ice for decades, and brought back to life to solve problems. Developers can learn from this by respecting the opinions of their elders – technology is an ever-changing market, but the old-timers still have a few tricks up their sleeves! Don’t be Afraid of Change Don’t be afraid of change.  Captain America woke up to find the world he was accustomed to is now completely different.  He might have even felt his skills were no longer necessary.  He, and developers, know that everyone has their place in a team, though.  If you try your best, you will make it work. Fight Your Own Battle Sometimes you have to make it on your own.  Captain America is an integral part of the Avengers, but in his own movies, the other superheroes aren’t around to back him up.  Developers, too, must learn to work both within and with out a team. Solid Integrity One of Captain America’s greatest qualities is his integrity.  His determine to do what is right, keep his word, and act honestly earns him mockery from some of the less-savory characters – even “good guys” like Iron Man.  Developers, and everyone else, need to develop the strength of character to keep their integrity.  No matter your walk of life, there will be tempting obstacles.  Think of Captain America, and say “no.” There is a lot for all of us to learn from Captain America, to take away in our own lives, and admire in those who display it – I am specifically thinking of developers.  If you are enjoying this series as much as I am, please let me know who else you would like to see featured. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL Tagged: Developer, Superhero

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  • SQL SERVER – Not Possible – Delete From Multiple Table – Update Multiple Table in Single Statement

    - by pinaldave
    There are two questions which I get every single day multiple times. In my gmail, I have created standard canned reply for them. Let us see the questions here. I want to delete from multiple table in a single statement how will I do it? I want to update multiple table in a single statement how will I do it? The answer is – No, You cannot and you should not. SQL Server does not support deleting or updating from two tables in a single update. If you want to delete or update two different tables – you may want to write two different delete or update statements for it. This method has many issues – from the consistency of the data to SQL syntax. Now here is the real reason for this blog post – yesterday I was asked this question again and I replied my canned answer saying it is not possible and it should not be any way implemented that day. In the response to my reply I was pointed out to my own blog post where user suggested that I had previously mentioned this is possible and with demo example. Let us go over my conversation – you may find it interesting. Let us call the user DJ. DJ: Pinal, can we delete multiple table in a single statement or with single delete statement? Pinal: No, you cannot and you should not. DJ: Oh okey, if that is the case, why do you suggest to do that? Pinal: (baffled) I am not suggesting that. I am rather suggesting that it is not possible and it should not be possible. DJ: Hmm… but in that case why did you blog about it earlier? Pinal: (What?) No, I did not. I am pretty confident. DJ: Well, I am confident as well. You did. Pinal: In that case, it is my word against your word. Isn’t it? DJ: I have proof. Do you want to see it that you suggest it is possible? Pinal: Yes, I will be delighted too. (After 10 Minutes) DJ: Here are not one but two of your blog posts which talks about it - SQL SERVER – Curious Case of Disappearing Rows – ON UPDATE CASCADE and ON DELETE CASCADE – Part 1 of 2 SQL SERVER – Curious Case of Disappearing Rows – ON UPDATE CASCADE and ON DELETE CASCADE – T-SQL Example – Part 2 of 2 Pinal: Oh! DJ: I know I was correct. Pinal: Well, oh man, I did not mean there what you mean here. DJ: I did not understand can you explain it further. Pinal: Here we go. The example in the other blog is the example of the cascading delete or cascading update. I think you may want to understand the concept of the foreign keys and cascading update/delete. The concept of cascading exists to maintain data integrity. If there primary keys get deleted the update or delete reflects on the foreign key table to maintain the key integrity and data consistency. SQL Server follows ANSI Entry SQL with regard to referential integrity between PrimaryKey and ForeignKey columns which requires the inserting, updating, and deleting of data in related tables to be restricted to values that preserve the integrity. This is all together different concept than deleting multiple values in a single statement. When I hear that someone wants to delete or update multiple table in a single statement what I assume is something very similar to following. DELETE/UPDATE Table 1 (cols) Table 2 (cols) VALUES … which is not valid statement/syntax as well it is not ASNI standards as well. I guess, after this discussion with DJ, I realize I need to do a blog post so I can add the link to this blog post in my canned answer. Well, it was a fun conversation with DJ and I hope it the message is very clear now. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Joins, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • WebCenter Customer Spotlight: SICE

    - by me
    Author: Peter Reiser - Social Business Evangelist, Oracle WebCenter  Solution SummarySociedad Ibérica de Construcciones Eléctricas, S.A. (SICE) is a Spanish company specializes in engineering and technology integration for intelligent transport systems and environmental control systems. They had a large quantity of engineering and environmental planning documents  which they wanted to manage, classify and integrate with their existing enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. SICE adapted  Oracle WebCenter Content to classify and manage more than 30 different types, defined a security plan to ensure the integrity and recovery of various document types and integrated the document management solution with SICE’s third-party enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. SICE  accelerated time to market for all projects, minimized time required to identify and recover documents  and achieved greater efficiency in all operations. Company Overview Created in 1921, Sociedad Ibérica de Construcciones Eléctricas, S.A. (SICE) currently specializes in engineering and technology integration for intelligent transport systems and environmental control systems. It has more than 2,500 employees, with operations in Spain and various locations in Latin America, the United States, Africa, and Australia. Business Challenges They had a large quantity of engineering and environmental planning documents generated in research and projects which they wanted to manage, classify and integrate with their existing enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. Solution Deployed SICE worked with the Oracle Partner ABAST Solutions to evaluate and choose the best document management system, ultimately selecting Oracle WebCenter Content over other options including  Documentum, SharePoint, OpenText, and Alfresco.They adapted Oracle WebCenter Content to classify and manage more than 30 different types, defined a security plan to ensure the integrity and recovery of various document types and integrated the document management solution  with SICE’s third-party enterprise resource planning (ERP) system to accelerate incorporation with the documentation system and ensure integrity ERP system data. Business Results SICE  accelerated time to market for all projects by releasing reports and information that support and validate engineering projects, stored all documents in a single repository with organizationwide accessibility, minimizing time required to identify and recover documents needed for reports to initiate and execute engineering and building projects. Overall they achieved greater efficiency in all operations, including technical and impact report development and construction documentation management. “The correct and efficient management of information is vital to our environmental management activity. Oracle WebCenter Content  serves as a basis for knowledge management practices, with the objective of adding greater value to everything that we do.” Manuel Delgado, IT Project Engineering, Sociedad Ibérica de Construcciones Eléctricas, S.A Additional Information SICE Customer Snapshot Oracle WebCenter Content

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  • WebCenter Customer Spotlight: Regency Centers Corporation

    - by me
    Author: Peter Reiser - Social Business Evangelist, Oracle WebCenter  Solution SummaryRegency Centers Corporation, based in Jacksonville, FL, is a leading national owner, operator, and developer of grocery-anchored and community shopping centers. Regency grew rapidly over much of the last decade. To keep up with the monthly and yearly administrative processes required to manage thousands of tenants, including reconciling yearly pass-through expenses, the customer upgraded to Oracle’s JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Version 9.0 and deployed Oracle WebCenter Imaging, Process Management and Oracle BI Publisher, to streamline invoice processing and reporting. Using Oracle WebCenter Imaging - Regency accelerated and improved vendor invoice accuracy  which increases process integrity by identifying potential duplicate bills while enabling rapid approval of electronic invoice documents. Company Overview Regency Centers Corporation, based in Jacksonville, FL,  is a leading national owner, operator, and developer of grocery-anchored and community shopping centers. The company owns 367 centers, totaling nearly 50 million square feet, located in top markets throughout the United States. Founded in 1963 and operating as a fully integrated real estate company, Regency is a qualified real estate investment trust that is self-administered and self-managed, operating from 17 regional offices around the country.  Business Challenges Ensure continued support of vital business applications that drive the real estate developer’s key business processes, including property management and tenant payment processing Streamline year-end expense recognition and calculation, enabling faster tenant billing Move to a Web-based platform to deliver greater mobility and convenience to employees Minimize system customizations to reduce IT management costs and burden moving forward Solution DeployedRecency Centers Corporation worked with the  Oracle Partner ICS to upgrade to Oracle’s JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Version 9.0, migrating to a more user-friendly, Web-based platform and realizing numerous new efficiencies in property management and tenant payment processing. They accelerated and improved vendor invoice accuracy with Oracle WebCenter Imaging, which increases process integrity by identifying potential duplicate bills while enabling rapid approval of electronic invoice documents. Business Results Enabled faster and more accurate tenant billing for year-end expenses, accelerating collections of millions of dollars in revenue Gained full audit and drill-down capabilities that facilitate understanding various aspects of calculations for expense participation generation Increases process integrity by identifying potential duplicate bills while enabling rapid approval of electronic invoice documents Helped to ensure on-time payments to hundreds of vendors, including contractors and utilities "We have realized numerous efficiencies with Oracle’s JD Edwards EnterpriseOne 9.0, particularly around tenant billings. It accelerates our year-end expense reconciliation process and enables us to create and process billings more quickly.” James Chiang, Vice President of Real Estate Accounting Regency Centers Corporation Additional Information Regency Centers Corporation Customer Snapshot Oracle WebCenter Imaging JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Financials 9.0 JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Project Costing JD Edwards EnterpiseOne Real Estate Management Oracle Business Intelligence Publisher Oracle Essbase

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  • ZFS: Mirror vs. RAID-Z

    - by John Clayton
    I'm planning on building a file server using OpenSolaris and ZFS that will provide two primary services - be an iSCSI target for XenServer virtual machines & be a general home file server. The hardware I'm looking at includes 2x 4-port SATA controllers, 2x small boot drives (one on each controller), and 4x big drives for storage. This allows one free port per controller for upgrading the array down the road. Where I'm a little confused is how to setup the storage drives. For performance, mirroring appears to be king. I'm having a hard time seeing what the benefit would be of using RAIDZ over mirroring would be. With this setup I can see two options - two mirrored pools in one stripe, or RAIDZ2. Both should protect against 2 drive failures, and/or one controller failure...the only benefit of RAIDZ2 would be that any 2 drives could fail. The storage should be 50% of capacity in both cases, but the first should have much better performance, right? The other thing I'm trying to wrap my mind around is the benefit of mirrored arrays with more than two devices. For data integrity what, if any, would be the benefit of a RAIDZ over a three-way mirror? Since ZFS maintains file integrity what does RAIDZ bring to the table...doesn't ZFS's integrity checks negate the value of RAIDZ's parity?

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  • Using ZFS or XFS on a Xen guest running Linux

    - by zoot
    Background: I'm investigating the viability of using a filesystem other than ext3/4, with the ability to run snapshots for backup and rollback purposes. The servers under consideration are mailbox server nodes running on Linode's Xen based VPS platform. I'm particularly drawn to the various published benefits which ZFS offers in terms of data integrity and this year's stable release of native ZFS support in Linux - http://zfsonlinux.org ZFS appears to be the more thorough option in terms of benefits and simplicity (instead of LVM+XFS). Please note that I have little experience with ZFS (which I use on a local FreeNAS installation) and none with XFS, hence the post. To date, my servers are using ext3 filesystems, not managed under LVM. Question in detail: So, I have two questions. (1) Which of the two filesystems would be the better choice for the best of all of the following 3 aspects, running on a Xen Linux guest? Snapshots Data Integrity Performance (2) If ZFS is a viable option, is it practical to use ZRAID across Xen disk images to further enhance the solution for data integrity? Note: I'm reluctant to consider btrfs, given the many warnings I've read about in using it on production systems.

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  • Tripwire help Required

    - by ramaperumal
    I have created the policy file in Tripwire and also I have created the rules as well mentioned below: /opt/jboss/server/gis/conf -> $(SEC_CONFIG) +aipm +c+g+a+i+s+t+u+l+M; /usr/local/gtech/eseries/ -> $(SEC_CONFIG) +a+c+g+i+s+t+u+l+M ; After running the integrity check the output should be a(Access timestamp),c (Inode timestamp (create/modify),g (File owner's group ID),i (Inode number),s (File size),t (time stamp),u (File owner's user ID),l(File is increasing in size (a "growing file"),M (MD5 hash value). I am getting the output as below: [root@xxsi1242 tripwire]# tripwire --check Parsing policy file: /etc/tripwire/tw.pol *** Processing Unix File System *** Performing integrity check... Wrote report file: /var/lib/tripwire/report/xxsi1242.gtk.gtech.com-20131106-053812.twr Open Source Tripwire(R) 2.4.1 Integrity Check Report Report generated by: root Report created on: Wed 06 Nov 2013 05:38:12 AM EST Database last updated on: Wed 06 Nov 2013 05:31:17 AM EST =============================================================================== Report Summary: =============================================================================== Host name: xxsi1242.gtk.gtech.com Host IP address: 156.24.65.171 Host ID: None Policy file used: /etc/tripwire/tw.pol Configuration file used: /etc/tripwire/tw.cfg Database file used: /var/lib/tripwire/xxsi1242.gtk.gtech.com.twd Command line used: tripwire --check =============================================================================== Rule Summary: =============================================================================== ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Section: Unix File System ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rule Name Severity Level Added Removed Modified --------- -------------- ----- ------- -------- Invariant Directories 66 0 0 0 Temporary directories 33 0 0 0 * Tripwire Data Files 100 0 0 1 Tech Stack 100 0 0 0 User binaries 66 0 0 0 Tripwire Binaries 100 0 0 0 * CLPS bins 100 0 0 2 CLPS Configuration files 100 0 0 0 ESCommon 100 0 0 0 Shell Binaries 100 0 0 0 OS executables and libraries 100 0 0 0 Security Control 100 0 0 0 ESCommon Configuration 100 0 0 0 (/etc/gtech/escommon) Total objects scanned: 12358 Total violations found: 3 =============================================================================== Object Summary: =============================================================================== ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Section: Unix File System ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rule Name: Tripwire Data Files (/etc/tripwire/tw.pol) Severity Level: 100 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Modified: "/etc/tripwire/tw.pol" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rule Name: CLPS bins (/opt/jboss/server) Severity Level: 100 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Modified: "/opt/jboss/server/esapps1/data/hypersonic/localDB.lck" "/opt/jboss/server/gis/data/hypersonic/localDB.lck" =============================================================================== Error Report: =============================================================================== No Errors ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *** End of report *** Note: In the output I only am getting the files which are modified. I need the detail output for this. But unfortunately I am not getting what I expected. Please help me to proced further.

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  • Strange network issue (ZIP file fails CRC test over VPN)

    - by Joe Schmoe
    We have a server in the office running Windows Server 2003 Our office is connected to our datacenter via hardware VPN (Linksys RV082 router in the office to CISCO router in the datacenter). There is a job that runs on the server in the office that does following: ZIP certain files from the server using 7Zip, copy ZIP file to a network share in the office and verify ZIP integrity, copy ZIP file to a network share in the data center and verify ZIP integrity. Problem is - verifying ZIP integrity for the file in the data center always fails. However, if I run 7Zip on the server in data center that exposes that share ZIP file verifies just fine, so it is not actually corrupted during copy operation. Additionally, I tried running ZIP on other computers in the office to verify ZIP file on datacenter file share and it verifies OK. I tried plugging server to the same network port where my workstation is connected using different cable (my workstation doesn't exhibit this problem) and ZIP verification still fails. So the problem is local to that specific server. On network adapter properties for the server in question there is no "Advanced" tab where one can usually configure a lot of network settings. Network card driver is up to date (Windows Update doesn't find anything newer and Lenovo website doesn't have any drivers for Windows 2003 for this computer model). Is there any other way to configure network setting via command line? What settings could be relevant to this problem?

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  • crc check in a sector of usb pendrive

    - by nithin
    I am trying to check for the data integrity in fat32 filesystem.Currently I have implemented fat on lpc2478. For the checking of data integrity, I come to know that each sector of a disk has checksum or CRC.But I wanted to find the location of the CRC in the sector.Can you please advice me on how to find the location of the CRC in a sector of usb pendrive? and will this CRC change with manufacturer of the pendrive.?

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