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  • How should I build a simple database package for my python application?

    - by Carson Myers
    I'm building a database library for my application using sqlite3 as the base. I want to structure it like so: db/ __init__.py users.py blah.py etc.py So I would do this in Python: import db db.users.create('username', 'password') I'm suffering analysis paralysis (oh no!) about how to handle the database connection. I don't really want to use classes in these modules, it doesn't really seem appropriate to be able to create a bunch of "users" objects that can all manipulate the same database in the same ways -- so inheriting a connection is a no-go. Should I have one global connection to the database that all the modules use, and then put this in each module: #users.py from db_stuff import connection Or should I create a new connection for each module and keep that alive? Or should I create a new connection for every transaction? How are these database connections supposed to be used? The same goes for cursor objects: Do I create a new cursor for each transaction? Create just one for each database connection?

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  • Adding a method to a function object at runtime

    - by Carson Myers
    I read a question earlier asking if there was a times method in Python, that would allow a function to be called n times in a row. Everyone suggested for _ in range(n): foo() but I wanted to try and code a different solution using a function decorator. Here's what I have: def times(self, n, *args, **kwargs): for _ in range(n): self.__call__(*args, **kwargs) import new def repeatable(func): func.times = new.instancemethod(times, func, func.__class__) @repeatable def threeArgs(one, two, three): print one, two, three threeArgs.times(7, "one", two="rawr", three="foo") When I run the program, I get the following exception: Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 244, in run_nodebug File "C:\py\repeatable.py", line 24, in threeArgs.times(7, "one", two="rawr", three="foo") AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'times' So I suppose the decorator didn't work? How can I fix this?

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  • Adding variably named fields to Python classes

    - by Carson Myers
    I have a python class, and I need to add an arbitrary number of arbitrarily long lists to it. The names of the lists I need to add are also arbitrary. For example, in PHP, I would do this: class MyClass { } $c = new MyClass(); $n = "hello" $c.$n = array(1, 2, 3); How do I do this in Python? I'm also wondering if this is a reasonable thing to do. The alternative would be to create a dict of lists in the class, but since the number and size of the lists is arbitrary, I was worried there might be a performance hit from this. If you are wondering what I'm trying to accomplish, I'm writing a super-lightweight script interpreter. The interpreter walks through a human-written list and creates some kind of byte-code. The byte-code of each function will be stored as a list named after the function in an "app" class. I'm curious to hear any other suggestions on how to do this as well.

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  • which is better, creating a view or a new table?

    - by Carson
    I have some demanding mysql queries that are needed to grap same datasets from several mysql tables. I am thinking of creating a table or view to gather all demanding columns from other tables, so as to increase performance. If I create that table, I may need to do extra insert / update / delete operation each time other tables updated. if I create view, I am worrying if the performance can be greatly improved. Because data from other tables are changing very frequently. Most likely, the view may need to be created first everytime before selecting it. Any ideas? e.g. how to cache? other extra measures I can do?

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  • Overloading assignment operator in C#

    - by Carson Myers
    I know the = operator can't be overloaded, but there must be a way to do what I want here: I'm just creating classes to represent quantitative units, since I'm doing a bit of physics. Apparently I can't just inherit from a primitive, but I want my classes to behave exactly like primitives -- I just want them typed differently. So I'd be able to go, Velocity ms = 0; ms = 17.4; ms += 9.8; etc. I'm not sure how to do this. I figured I'd just write some classes like so: class Power { private Double Value { get; set; } //operator overloads for +, -, /, *, =, etc } But apparently I can't overload the assignment operator. Is there any way I can get this behavior?

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  • Operator overloading in generic struct: can I create overloads for specific kinds(?) of generic?

    - by Carson Myers
    I'm defining physical units in C#, using generic structs, and it was going okay until I got the error: One of the parameters of a binary operator must be the containing type when trying to overload the mathematical operators so that they convert between different units. So, I have something like this: public interface ScalarUnit { } public class Duration : ScalarUnit { } public struct Scalar<T> where T : ScalarUnit { public readonly double Value; public Scalar(double Value) { this.Value = Value; } public static implicit operator double(Scalar<T> Value) { return Value.Value; } } public interface VectorUnit { } public class Displacement : VectorUnit { } public class Velocity : VectorUnit { } public struct Vector<T> where T : VectorUnit { #... public static Vector<Velocity> operator /(Vector<Displacement> v1, Scalar<Duration> v2) { return new Vector<Velocity>(v1.Magnitude / v2, v1.Direction); } } There aren't any errors for the + and - operators, where I'm just working on a Vector<T>, but when I substitute a unit for T, suddenly it doesn't like it. Is there a way to make this work? I figured it would work, since Displacement implements the VectorUnit interface, and I have where T : VectorUnit in the struct header. Am I at least on the right track here? I'm new to C# so I have difficulty understanding what's going on sometimes.

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  • MySQL - Exclude rows from Select based on duplication of two columns

    - by Carson C.
    I am attempting to narrow results of an existing complex query based on conditional matches on multiple columns within the returned data set. I'll attempt to simplify the data as much as possible here. Assume that the following table structure represents the data that my existing complex query has already selected (here ordered by date): +----+-----------+------+------------+ | id | remote_id | type | date | +----+-----------+------+------------+ | 1 | 1 | A | 2011-01-01 | | 3 | 1 | A | 2011-01-07 | | 5 | 1 | B | 2011-01-07 | | 4 | 1 | A | 2011-05-01 | +----+-----------+------+------------+ I need to select from that data set based on the following criteria: If the pairing of remote_id and type is unique to the set, return the row always If the pairing of remote_id and type is not unique to the set, take the following action: Of the sets of rows for which the pairing of remote_id and type are not unique, return only the single row for which date is greatest and still less than or equal to now. So, if today is 2010-01-10, I'd like the data set returned to be: +----+-----------+------+------------+ | id | remote_id | type | date | +----+-----------+------+------------+ | 3 | 1 | A | 2011-01-07 | | 5 | 1 | B | 2011-01-07 | +----+-----------+------+------------+ For some reason I'm having no luck wrapping my head around this one. I suspect the answer lies in good application of group_by, but I just can't grasp it. Any help is greatly appreciated!

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  • Ext JS Tab Panel - Dynamic Tabs - Tab Exists Not Working

    - by Joey Ezekiel
    Hi Would appreciate if somebody could help me on this. I have a Tree Panel whose nodes when clicked load a tab into a tab panel. The tabs are loading alright, but my problem is duplication. I need to check if a tab exists before adding it to the tab panel. I cant seem to have this resolved and it is eating my brains. This is pretty simple and I have checked stackoverflow and the EXT JS Forums for solutions but they dont seem to work for me or I'm being blind. This is my code for the tree: var opstree = new Ext.tree.TreePanel({ renderTo: 'opstree', border:false, width: 250, height: 'auto', useArrows: false, animate: true, autoScroll: true, dataUrl: 'libs/tree-data.json', root: { nodeType: 'async', text: 'Tool Actions' }, listeners: { render: function() { this.getRootNode().expand(); } } }) opstree.on('click', function(n){ var sn = this.selModel.selNode || {}; // selNode is null on initial selection renderPage(n.id); }); function renderPage(tabId) { var TabPanel = Ext.getCmp('content-tab-panel'); var tab = TabPanel.getItem(tabId); //Ext.MessageBox.alert('TabGet',tab); if(tab){ TabPanel.setActiveTab(tabId); } else{ TabPanel.add({ title: tabId, html: 'Tab Body ' + (tabId) + '', closable:true }).show(); TabPanel.doLayout(); } } }); and this is the code for the Tab Panel new Ext.TabPanel({ id:'content-tab-panel', region: 'center', deferredRender: false, enableTabScroll:true, activeTab: 0, items: [{ contentEl: 'about', title: 'About the Billing Ops Application', closable: true, autoScroll: true, margins: '0 0 0 0' },{ contentEl: 'welcomescreen', title: 'PBRT Application Home', closable: false, autoScroll: true, margins: '0 0 0 0' }] }) Can somebody please help?

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  • Code Golf: 1x1 black pixel

    - by Joey Adams
    Recently, I used my favorite image editor to make a 1x1 black pixel (which can come in handy when you want to draw solid boxes in HTML cheaply). Even though I made it a monochrome PNG, it came out to be 120 bytes! I mean, that's kind of steep. 120 bytes. For one pixel. I then converted it to a GIF, which dropped the size down to 43 bytes. Much better, but still... Challenge The shortest image file or program that is or generates a 1x1 black pixel. A submission may be: An image file that represents a 1x1 black pixel. The format chosen must be able to represent larger images than 1x1, and cannot be ad-hoc (that is, it can't be an image format you just made up for code golf). Image files will be ranked by byte count. A program that generates such an image file. Programs will be ranked by character count, as usual in code golf. As long as an answer falls into one of these two categories, anything is fair game.

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  • security policy error iphone ipod touch issue

    - by Joey
    I'm getting an "Error from Debugger: Error launching remote program: security policy error" when I try to run my app on my ipod touch. The provisions look in order, and the app builds to my iphone 3gs just fine. The app used to build just fine to my ipod touch, so I'm flustered what could have changed and wondering if anyone has any thoughts on what might be causing this issue. The build logs are below. Mon Mar 15 14:25:54 unknown com.apple.debugserver-43[449] : Connecting to com.apple.debugserver service... Mon Mar 15 14:25:55 unknown SpringBoard[24] : Unable to launch com.yourcompany.Unearthed because it has an invalid code signature, inadequate entitlements or its profile has not been explicitly trusted by the user. Mon Mar 15 14:25:55 unknown com.apple.debugserver-43[449] : error: unable to launch the application with CFBundleIdentifier 'com.yourcompany.Unearthed' sbs_error = 9 Mon Mar 15 14:25:55 unknown com.apple.debugserver-43[449] : 1 [01c1/0903]: RNBRunLoopLaunchInferior DNBProcessLaunch() returned error: '' Mon Mar 15 14:25:55 unknown com.apple.debugserver-43[449] : error: failed to launch process (null): security policy error Mon Mar 15 14:26:03 unknown MobileSafari[72] : void SendDelegateMessage(NSInvocation*): delegate (webView:decidePolicyForNavigationAction:request:frame:decisionListener:) failed to return after waiting 10 seconds. main run loop mode: UITrackingRunLoopMode

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  • Multi-step Workflows: make Workflow A depend on results of Workflow B and/or Workflow C

    - by Joey
    I have been tasked with creating a Software Installation Approval section for our Intranet. When a person requests that a particular piece of software be installed on their workstation, we need to get IT approval and then business approval. Once those are obtained, it is to be installed. I am using Sharepoint Designer to do this. I have List A, where the user enters the information on the requested software. Workflow A then creates a Task in List B, which is then assigned to the IT approver. Workflow B works on List B on item creation, setting the due dates, titles, and other fields, and then pauses until the due date. The IT approver works with the business side and completes the task. Once List B task is complete, the item in List A should be marked as complete -- I have everything up to this point working fine. I want to make this more robust in 2 ways. As the only real option is to mark List B task as "completed", which essentially means "Approved", we have no way of really denying a request. What I want to add is the option to approve or deny a request through the task on List B -- if it is approved, I want the item in List A to continue to show "In Progress" with a custom status of "Approved", and I want to create a new task for software installation; once the installation task is marked as completed, then I want List A to show "Completed" with a status of "Installed". If it is denied, I want the item in List A to show as "Completed", with a status of "Denied". The problem is, I'm not even sure where to start making these modifications. Creating and modifying the custom status fields isn't that big of an issue -- I have messed around with this and I'm fairly confident I can do this easily. My main concern is that I know I will need a Workflow C, but I don't know where or how to trigger this to get the results I need. I've managed to get Workflows A and B working fine, but anything beyond this is really pushing the limit of my knowledge. It's probably obvious that I am rather new to Sharepoint workflows. I was very much thrust into this position and I am still feeling my way around. Thanks in advance for any help!

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  • How to get current Joomla user with external PHP script

    - by Joey Adams
    I have a couple PHP scripts used for AJAX queries, but I want them to be able to operate under the umbrella of Joomla's authentication system. Is the following safe? Are there any unnecessary lines? joomla-auth.php (located in the same directory as Joomla's index.php): <?php define( '_JEXEC', 1 ); define('JPATH_BASE', dirname(__FILE__)); define( 'DS', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR ); require_once ( JPATH_BASE .DS.'includes'.DS.'defines.php' ); require_once ( JPATH_BASE .DS.'includes'.DS.'framework.php' ); /* Create the Application */ $mainframe =& JFactory::getApplication('site'); /* Make sure we are logged in at all. */ if (JFactory::getUser()->id == 0) die("Access denied: login required."); ?> test.php: <?php include 'joomla-auth.php'; echo 'Logged in as "' . JFactory::getUser()->username . '"'; /* We then proceed to access things only the user of that name has access to. */ ?>

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  • Continents/Countries borders in PostGIS (Polygon vs Linestring)

    - by Joey
    Hello guys, I would like to insert the polygon containing Europe in my PostGIS database. I have the follwoing extremes points: NW = NorthWest Border(lat=82.7021697 lon=-28.0371000) NE = NorthEast Border(lat=82.7021697 lon=74.1357000) SE = SouthEast Border(lat=33.8978000 lon=74.1357000) SW = SouthWest Border(lat=33.8978000 lon=-28.0371000) Is the following a valid polygon: POLYGON((NWLon NWLat, NELon NELat, SELon SElat, SWLon SWLat, NWlon NWLat)) Is this a valid polygon? I do see some polygon with the follwing format POLYGON((), ()) ? When are they used? Why not a linestring? Any help will be apreciated? This is getting me really confused. Thanks

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  • Shift-reduce: when to stop reducing?

    - by Joey Adams
    I'm trying to learn about shift-reduce parsing. Suppose we have the following grammar, using recursive rules that enforce order of operations, inspired by the ANSI C Yacc grammar: S: A; P : NUMBER | '(' S ')' ; M : P | M '*' P | M '/' P ; A : M | A '+' M | A '-' M ; And we want to parse 1+2 using shift-reduce parsing. First, the 1 is shifted as a NUMBER. My question is, is it then reduced to P, then M, then A, then finally S? How does it know where to stop? Suppose it does reduce all the way to S, then shifts '+'. We'd now have a stack containing: S '+' If we shift '2', the reductions might be: S '+' NUMBER S '+' P S '+' M S '+' A S '+' S Now, on either side of the last line, S could be P, M, A, or NUMBER, and it would still be valid in the sense that any combination would be a correct representation of the text. How does the parser "know" to make it A '+' M So that it can reduce the whole expression to A, then S? In other words, how does it know to stop reducing before shifting the next token? Is this a key difficulty in LR parser generation?

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  • using wget against protected site with NTLM

    - by Joey V.
    Trying to mirror a local intranet site and have found previous questions using 'wget'. It works great with sites that are anonymous, but I have not been able to use it against a site that is expecting username\password (IIS with Integrated Windows Authentication). Here is what I pass in: wget -c --http-user='domain\user' --http-password=pwd http://local/site -dv Here is the debug output (note I replaced some with dummy values obviously): Setting --verbose (verbose) to 1 DEBUG output created by Wget 1.11.4 on Windows-MSVC. --2009-07-14 09:39:04-- http://local/site Host `local' has not issued a general basic challenge. Resolving local... seconds 0.00, x.x.x.x Caching local = x.x.x.x Connecting to local|x.x.x.x|:80... seconds 0.00, connected. Created socket 1896. Releasing 0x003e32b0 (new refcount 1). ---request begin--- GET /site/ HTTP/1.0 User-Agent: Wget/1.11.4 Accept: */* Host: local Connection: Keep-Alive ---request end--- HTTP request sent, awaiting response... ---response begin--- HTTP/1.1 401 Access Denied Server: Microsoft-IIS/5.1 Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2009 13:39:04 GMT WWW-Authenticate: Negotiate WWW-Authenticate: NTLM Content-Length: 4431 Content-Type: text/html ---response end--- 401 Access Denied Closed fd 1896 Unknown authentication scheme. Authorization failed.

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  • Converting AES encryption token code in C# to php

    - by joey
    Hello, I have the following .Net code which takes two inputs. 1) A 128 bit base 64 encoded key and 2) the userid. It outputs the AES encrypted token. I need the php equivalent of the same code, but dont know which corresponding php classes are to be used for RNGCryptoServiceProvider,RijndaelManaged,ICryptoTransform,MemoryStream and CryptoStream. Im stuck so any help regarding this would be really appreciated. using System; using System.Text; using System.IO; using System.Security.Cryptography; class AESToken { [STAThread] static int Main(string[] args) { if (args.Length != 2) { Console.WriteLine("Usage: AESToken key userId\n"); Console.WriteLine("key Specifies 128-bit AES key base64 encoded supplied by MediaNet to the partner"); Console.WriteLine("userId specifies the unique id"); return -1; } string key = args[0]; string userId = args[1]; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); // This example code uses the magic string “CAMB2B”. The implementer // must use the appropriate magic string for the web services API. sb.Append("CAMB2B"); sb.Append(args[1]); // userId sb.Append('|'); // pipe char sb.Append(System.DateTime.UtcNow.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ssUTC")); //timestamp Byte[] payload = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sb.ToString()); byte[] salt = new Byte[16]; // 16 bytes of random salt RNGCryptoServiceProvider rng = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider(); rng.GetBytes(salt); // the plaintext is 16 bytes of salt followed by the payload. byte[] plaintext = new byte[salt.Length + payload.Length]; salt.CopyTo(plaintext, 0); payload.CopyTo(plaintext, salt.Length); // the AES cryptor: 128-bit key, 128-bit block size, CBC mode RijndaelManaged cryptor = new RijndaelManaged(); cryptor.KeySize = 128; cryptor.BlockSize = 128; cryptor.Mode = CipherMode.CBC; cryptor.GenerateIV(); cryptor.Key = Convert.FromBase64String(args[0]); // the key byte[] iv = cryptor.IV; // the IV. // do the encryption ICryptoTransform encryptor = cryptor.CreateEncryptor(cryptor.Key, iv); MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write); cs.Write(plaintext, 0, plaintext.Length); cs.FlushFinalBlock(); byte[] ciphertext = ms.ToArray(); ms.Close(); cs.Close(); // build the token byte[] tokenBytes = new byte[iv.Length + ciphertext.Length]; iv.CopyTo(tokenBytes, 0); ciphertext.CopyTo(tokenBytes, iv.Length); string token = Convert.ToBase64String(tokenBytes); Console.WriteLine(token); return 0; } } Please help. Thank You.

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  • SQL select descendants of a row

    - by Joey Adams
    Suppose a tree structure is implemented in SQL like this: CREATE TABLE nodes ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, parent INTEGER -- references nodes(id) ); Although cycles can be created in this representation, let's assume we never let that happen. The table will only store a collection of roots (records where parent is null) and their descendants. The goal is to, given an id of a node on the table, find all nodes that are descendants of it. A is a descendant of B if either A's parent is B or A's parent is a descendant of B. Note the recursive definition. Here is some sample data: INSERT INTO nodes VALUES (1, NULL); INSERT INTO nodes VALUES (2, 1); INSERT INTO nodes VALUES (3, 2); INSERT INTO nodes VALUES (4, 3); INSERT INTO nodes VALUES (5, 3); INSERT INTO nodes VALUES (6, 2); which represents: 1 `-- 2 |-- 3 | |-- 4 | `-- 5 | `-- 6 We can select the (immediate) children of 1 by doing this: SELECT a.* FROM nodes AS a WHERE parent=1; We can select the children and grandchildren of 1 by doing this: SELECT a.* FROM nodes AS a WHERE parent=1 UNION ALL SELECT b.* FROM nodes AS a, nodes AS b WHERE a.parent=1 AND b.parent=a.id; We can select the children, grandchildren, and great grandchildren of 1 by doing this: SELECT a.* FROM nodes AS a WHERE parent=1 UNION ALL SELECT b.* FROM nodes AS a, nodes AS b WHERE a.parent=1 AND b.parent=a.id UNION ALL SELECT c.* FROM nodes AS a, nodes AS b, nodes AS c WHERE a.parent=1 AND b.parent=a.id AND c.parent=b.id; How can a query be constructed that gets all descendants of node 1 rather than those at a finite depth? It seems like I would need to create a recursive query or something. I'd like to know if such a query would be possible using SQLite. However, if this type of query requires features not available in SQLite, I'm curious to know if it can be done in other SQL databases.

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  • Posting a textarea form with cURL

    - by Joey
    How would I go about posting a textarea form? <form method="post" action="/user/test/shoutbox/add" id="shoutPost" class="clearit"> <input name="formtoken" type="hidden" value="852f8fde54190fa5f9aa47172d492f829c1b"/> <input type="hidden" name="backto" value="/user/text/shoutbox" /> <textarea id="shoutmsg" name="message"></textarea> <input type="submit" name="submit" class="confirmButton" value="Post" id="sbPost" /> This should work right? curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1); $postfields .= "&message=".$msg; $postfields .= "&submit=sbPost"; curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,$postfields); curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1); $page = curl_exec($ch); but it's not posting for some reason...

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  • What is the `name` keyword in JavaScript?

    - by Joey Adams
    When I typed this apparently innocent snippet of code: values.name gedit highlighted name as a keyword. However, name is not listed by the pages linked to by an answer to a question about reserved keywords. I also did a couple trivial tests in SpiderMonkey, but name seemed to act like an ordinary identifier. A Google search didn't tell me much either. However, I did find a page listing name in "Other JavaScript Keywords". My guess is that name is a function or a member of some DOM element and does not intrude on the namespace. Is name really a keyword in JavaScript? If so, what does it do?

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  • Variant datatype library for C

    - by Joey Adams
    Is there a decent open-source C library for storing and manipulating dynamically-typed variables (a.k.a. variants)? I'm primarily interested in atomic values (int8, int16, int32, uint, strings, blobs, etc.), while JSON-style arrays and objects as well as custom objects would also be nice. A major case where such a library would be useful is in working with SQL databases. The most obvious feature of such a library would be a single type for all supported values, e.g.: struct Variant { enum Type type; union { int8_t int8_; int16_t int16_; // ... }; }; Other features might include converting Variant objects to/from C structures (using a binding table), converting values to/from strings, and integration with an existing database library such as SQLite. Note: I do not believe this is question is a duplicate of http://stackoverflow.com/questions/649649/any-library-for-generic-datatypes-in-c , which refers to "queues, trees, maps, lists". What I'm talking about focuses more on making working with SQL databases roughly as smooth as working with them in interpreted languages.

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  • Recording purchased products from in-app store for built-in products

    - by Joey
    I'm creating an in-app store for a few built-in features for my iphone app. Apple's documention recommends using the Application Preferences for storing this, but another question in this forum suggested using NSUserDefaults for another task for which Application Preferences was recommended (by Apple). Can someone clarify if, for in-app store purchases, using the NSUserDefaults is a much better way to go? Thanks.

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