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• SQL SERVER – Tricks to Comment T-SQL in SSMS – SQL in Sixty Seconds #019 – Video

  - by pinaldave

  Code commeting is the one of the most common tasks developers perform. There are two major reasons why developer comment code. 1) During Debug 2) Documenting the code. While debugging the T-SQL code I have often seen developers struggling to comment code.  They spend (or waste) more time in commenting and uncommenting  than doing actual debugging of the procedure.  When I see developer struggling to comment the code I feel little uncomfortable as commenting should be a very easy task over. Today we will see three quick method to comment T-SQL code in Query Editor. There are three different method to comment and uncomment statements in SQL Server Management Studio Using Keyboard Shortcuts Using Tool Bar Using Menu Bar Method 1: Using Keyboard Shortcuts Commenting the statement – CTRL+K, CTRL+C Commenting the statement – CTRL+K, CTRL+U Method 2: Using Tool Bar Using Tool bar buttons. (See Video) Method 3: Using Menu Bar Commenting the statement – Menu Bar >> Edit >> Advanced >> Click on Comment Selection. Unommenting the statement – Menu Bar >> Edit >> Advanced >> Click on Uncomment Selection. More on Importing CSV Data: Two Different Ways to Comment Code – Explanation and Example I encourage you to submit your ideas for SQL in Sixty Seconds. We will try to accommodate as many as we can. If we like your idea we promise to share with you educational material. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology, Video

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• SQL SERVER – Server Side Paging in SQL Server 2011 – Part2

  - by pinaldave

  The best part of the having blog is that SQL Community helps to keep it running with new ideas. Earlier I wrote about SQL SERVER – Server Side Paging in SQL Server 2011 – A Better Alternative. A very popular article on that subject. I had used variables for “number of the rows” and “number of the pages”. Blog reader send me email asking in their organizations these values are stored in the table. Is there any the new syntax can read the data from the table. Absolutely YES! USE AdventureWorks2008R2 GO CREATE TABLE PagingSetting (RowsPerPage INT, PageNumber INT) INSERT INTO PagingSetting (RowsPerPage, PageNumber) VALUES(10,5) GO SELECT * FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID OFFSET (SELECT RowsPerPage*PageNumber FROM PagingSetting) ROWS FETCH NEXT (SELECT RowsPerPage FROM PagingSetting) ROWS ONLY GO Here is the quick script: This is really an easy trick. I also wrote blog post on comparison of the performance over here: . SQL SERVER – Server Side Paging in SQL Server 2011 Performance Comparison Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLServer, T SQL, Technology Tagged: SQL Paging

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• SQL SERVER – Configure Management Data Collection in Quick Steps – T-SQL Tuesday #005

  - by pinaldave

  This article was written as a response to T-SQL Tuesday #005 – Reporting. The three most important components of any computer and server are the CPU, Memory, and Hard disk specification. This post talks about  how to get more details about these three most important components using the Management Data Collection. Management Data Collection generates the reports for the three said components by default. Configuring Data Collection is a very easy task and can be done very quickly. Please note: There are many different ways to get reports generated for CPU, Memory and IO. You can use DMVs, Extended Events as well Perfmon to trace the data. Keeping the T-SQL Tuesday subject of reporting this post is created to give visual tutorial to quickly configure Data Collection and generate Reports. From Book On-Line: The data collector is a core component of the Data Collection platform for SQL Server 2008 and the tools that are provided by SQL Server. The data collector provides one central point for data collection across your database servers and applications. This collection point can obtain data from a variety of sources and is not limited to performance data, unlike SQL Trace. Let us go over the visual tutorial on how quickly Data Collection can be configured. Expand the management node under the main server node and follow the direction in the pictures. This reports can be exported to PDF as well Excel by writing clicking on reports. Now let us see more additional screenshots of the reports. The reports are very self-explanatory  but can be drilled down to get further details. Click on the image to make it larger. Well, as we can see, it is very easy to configure and utilize this tool. Do you use this tool in your organization? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: SQL Reporting, SQL Reports

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• SQL SERVER – The Difference between Dual Core vs. Core 2 Duo

  - by pinaldave

  I have decided that I would not write on this subject until I have received a total of 25 questions on this subject. Here are a few questions from the list: Questions: What is the difference between Dual Core and Core 2 Duo? Which one is recommended for SQL Server: Core 2 Duo or Dual Core? Can I upgrade my Dual Core to Core 2 Duo? If Dual Core has 2 CPUs, how many CPUs does Core 2 Duo have? Is it true that Core 2 Duo and Dual Core meant the same thing? Well, let us see the answer. Optimistically, I would be directing everybody to this blog post if I receive a question of the same kind sometime in the future. To verify the information that I provide, visit Intel’s site. For additional information regarding the subject, visit Wikipedia. My Answer: Any computer that has two CPUs or two “cores“ is known as Dual Core. Core Duo is a brand name of Intel for Dual Core. Core 2 Duo is simply a higher version of Core Duo. (e.g. for Pentium brand, it`s like Pentium I, Pentium II, etc.) The computer I am using now has Core 2 Duo. Intel has launched a new brand, which they call i3, i5, and i7.  Here, the numbers are not related to the number of cores; rather, they show the range of the CPU. I3 is of low range and i7 is of high range. Feel free to add more details by adding valuable comments here. And if you still want to ask why I created this blog post, well, I mentioned that I was waiting for 25 questions threshold to hit, before I write about this subject which I didn`t really plan to write about. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Information Related to DATETIME and DATETIME2

  - by pinaldave

  I recently received interesting comment on the blog regarding workaround to overcome the precision issue while dealing with DATETIME and DATETIME2. I have written over this subject earlier over here. SQL SERVER – Difference Between GETDATE and SYSDATETIME SQL SERVER – Difference Between DATETIME and DATETIME2 – WITH GETDATE SQL SERVER – Difference Between DATETIME and DATETIME2 SQL Expert Jing Sheng Zhong has left following comment: The issue you found in SQL server new datetime type is related time source function precision. Folks have found the root reason of the problem – when data time values are converted (implicit or explicit) between different data type, which would lose some precision, so the result cannot match each other as thought. Here I would like to gave a work around solution to solve the problem which the developers met. -- Declare and loop DECLARE @Intveral INT, @CurDate DATETIMEOFFSET; CREATE TABLE #TimeTable (FirstDate DATETIME, LastDate DATETIME2, GlobalDate DATETIMEOFFSET) SET @Intveral = 10000 WHILE (@Intveral > 0) BEGIN ----SET @CurDate = SYSDATETIMEOFFSET(); -- higher precision for future use only SET @CurDate = TODATETIMEOFFSET(GETDATE(),DATEDIFF(N,GETUTCDATE(),GETDATE())); -- lower precision to match exited date process INSERT #TimeTable (FirstDate, LastDate, GlobalDate) VALUES (@CurDate, @CurDate, @CurDate) SET @Intveral = @Intveral - 1 END GO -- Distinct Values SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT FirstDate) D_DATETIME, COUNT(DISTINCT LastDate) D_DATETIME2, COUNT(DISTINCT GlobalDate) D_SYSGETDATE FROM #TimeTable GO -- Join SELECT DISTINCT a.FirstDate,b.LastDate, b.GlobalDate, CAST(b.GlobalDate AS DATETIME) GlobalDateASDateTime FROM #TimeTable a INNER JOIN #TimeTable b ON a.FirstDate = CAST(b.GlobalDate AS DATETIME) GO -- Select SELECT * FROM #TimeTable GO -- Clean up DROP TABLE #TimeTable GO If you read my blog SQL SERVER – Difference Between DATETIME and DATETIME2 you will notice that I have achieved the same using GETDATE(). Are you using DATETIME2 in your production environment? If yes, I am interested to know the use case. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://www.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DateTime, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQLAuthority News – Statistics and Best Practices – Virtual Tech Days – Nov 22, 2010

  - by pinaldave

  I am honored that I have been invited to speak at Virtual TechDays on Nov 22, 2010 by Microsoft. I will be speaking on my favorite subject of Statistics and Best Practices. This exclusive online event will have 80 deep technical sessions across 3 days – and, attendance is completely FREE. There are dedicated tracks for Architects, Software Developers/Project Managers, Infrastructure Managers/Professionals and Enterprise Developers. So, REGISTER for this exclusive online event TODAY. Statistics and Best Practices Timing: 11:45am-12:45pm Statistics are a key part of getting solid performance. In this session we will go over the basics of the statistics and various best practices related to Statistics. We will go over various frequently asked questions like a) when to update statistics, b) different between sync and async update of statistics c) best method to update statistics d) optimal interval of updating statistics. We will also discuss the pros and cons of the statistics update. This session is for all of you – whether you’re a DBA or developer! You can register for this event over here. If you have never attended my session on this subject I strongly suggest that you attend the event as this is going to be very interesting conversation between us. If you have attended this session earlier, this will contain few new information which will for sure interesting to share with all. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: MVP, Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Joins, SQL Optimization, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology Tagged: SQL Statistics, Statistics

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• SQLAuthority News – Updated Favorite Scripts and Best Articles Page

  - by pinaldave

  I have been writing on this blog for around 4 years now and have contributed with more than 1300 blog posts. Many times, I have been asked regarding what is my most favorite article or which is the most essential script for developers and DBA. This is very difficult to answer as I so much effort has been put on my blog and a large amount of content has been generated. However, I do keep a running list of my most favorite scripts and articles. This same are listed on the side bar of this blog as well; I am including them here. Top Downloads PDF Downloads Script Downloads Script Bank Favorite Scripts All Scripts – 1 All Scripts – 2 All Scripts – 3 Top Articles Best Articles Favorite Articles – 1 Favorite Articles – 2 I have kept list of all the published articles here. As the list is long and I keep forgetting many stuffs, I personally use my custom search engine to find solutions on my blog. I suggest you all to give it a try to find your solutions. [email protected] Do let me know your suggestions on what other sections you would like me to work on and build. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: About Me, Bookmark, Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Create Primary Key with Specific Name when Creating Table

  - by pinaldave

  It is interesting how sometimes the documentation of simple concepts is not available online. I had received email from one of the reader where he has asked how to create Primary key with a specific name when creating the table itself. He said, he knows the method where he can create the table and then apply the primary key with specific name. The attached code was as follows: CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TestTable]( [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [FirstName] [varchar](100) NULL) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TestTable] ADD  CONSTRAINT [PK_TestTable] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([ID] ASC) GO He wanted to know if we can create Primary Key as part of the table name as well, and also give it a name at the same time. Though it would look very normal to all experienced developers, it can be still confusing to many. Here is the quick code that functions as the above code in one single statement. CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TestTable]( [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [FirstName] [varchar](100) NULL CONSTRAINT [PK_TestTable] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([ID] ASC) ) GO Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, Readers Question, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Constraint and Keys, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Enable Identity Insert – Import Expert Wizard

  - by pinaldave

  I recently got email from old friend who told me that when he tries to execute SSIS package it fails with some identity error. After some debugging and opening his package we figure out that he has following issue. Let us see what kind of set up he had on his package. Source Table with Identity column Destination Table with Identity column Following checkbox was disabled in Import Expert Wizard (as per the image below) What did we do is we enabled the checkbox described as above and we fixed the problem he was having due to insertion in identity column. The reason he was facing this error because his destination table had IDENTITY property which will not allow any  insert from user. This value is automatically generated by system when new values are inserted in the table. However, when user manually tries to insert value in the table, it stops them and throws an error. As we enabled the checkbox “Enable Identity Insert”, this feature allowed the values to be insert in the identity field and this way from source database exact identity values were moved to destination table. Let me know if this blog post was easy to understand. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com), Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Utility, T SQL, Technology

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• SQLAuthority News – Community Tech Days – December 11, 2010

  - by pinaldave

  Community Tech Days are very close on December 11. The venue details are as following: H K Hall, H K College Campus, Near Handloom House, Opp. Natraj Cinema, Ashram Road, Ahmedabad – 380009 Click here to Registration for the event. Please read the announcement details here. I will be speaking on following session. Best Database Practice for SharePoint Server This session will be very unique. I will be starting with a bit pessimistic talk about how one cannot many things in SQL Server when SharePoint Server is installed. I will go over in the details for the reasons for the same. Right after this 5 minutes I am going to show few things to attendees which they can apply right away to their database and instantly get the performance. I am going to share the easy scripts with them online right away and if they run the same on their SharePoint Database, they will get the performance right out of the box right away – I Promise! This is the same session I presented at SharePoint Conference and I have received excellent feedback on the same subject. Join us! Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com)   Filed under: MVP, Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority Author Visit, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Index Created on View not Used Often – Limitation of the View 12

  - by pinaldave

  I have previously written on the subject SQL SERVER – The Limitations of the Views – Eleven and more…. This was indeed a very popular series and I had received lots of feedback on that topic. Today we are going to discuss something very interesting as well. During my recent performance tuning seminar in Hyderabad, I presented on the subject of Views. During the seminar, one of the attendees asked a question: We create a table and create a View on the top of it. On the same view, if we create Index, when querying View, will that index be used? The answer is NOT Always! (There is only one specific condition when it will be used. We will write about that later in the next post). Let us see the test case for the same. In our script we will do following: USE tempdb GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.views WHERE OBJECT_ID = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[SampleView]')) DROP VIEW [dbo].[SampleView] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE OBJECT_ID = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[mySampleTable]') AND TYPE IN (N'U')) DROP TABLE [dbo].[mySampleTable] GO -- Create SampleTable CREATE TABLE mySampleTable (ID1 INT, ID2 INT, SomeData VARCHAR(100)) INSERT INTO mySampleTable (ID1,ID2,SomeData) SELECT TOP 100000 ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY o1.name), ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY o2.name), o2.name FROM sys.all_objects o1 CROSS JOIN sys.all_objects o2 GO -- Create View CREATE VIEW SampleView WITH SCHEMABINDING AS SELECT ID1,ID2,SomeData FROM dbo.mySampleTable GO -- Create Index on View CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED INDEX [IX_ViewSample] ON [dbo].[SampleView] ( ID2 ASC ) GO -- Select from view SELECT ID1,ID2,SomeData FROM SampleView GO Let us check the execution plan for the last SELECT statement. You can see from the execution plan. That even though we are querying View and the View has index, it is not really using that index. In the next post, we will see the significance of this View and where it can be helpful. Meanwhile, I encourage you to read my View series: SQL SERVER – The Limitations of the Views – Eleven and more…. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Training, SQL View, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Solution – Challenge – Puzzle – Usage of FAST Hint

  - by pinaldave

  Earlier I had posted quick puzzle and I had received wonderful response to the same from Brad Schulz. Today we will go over the solution. The puzzle was posted here: SQL SERVER – Challenge – Puzzle – Usage of FAST Hint The question was in what condition the hint FAST will be useful. In the response to this puzzle blog post here is what SQL Server Expert Brad Schulz has pointed me to his blog post where he explain how FAST hint can be useful. I strongly recommend to read his blog post over here. With the permission of the Brad, I am reproducing following queries here. He has come up with example where FAST hint improves the performance. USE AdventureWorks GO DECLARE @DesiredDateAtMidnight DATETIME = '20010709' DECLARE @NextDateAtMidnight DATETIME = DATEADD(DAY,1,@DesiredDateAtMidnight) -- Query without FAST SELECT OrderID=h.SalesOrderID ,h.OrderDate ,h.TerritoryID ,TerritoryName=t.Name ,c.CardType ,c.CardNumber ,CardExpire=RIGHT(STR(100+ExpMonth),2)+'/'+STR(ExpYear,4) ,h.TotalDue FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader h LEFT JOIN Sales.SalesTerritory t ON h.TerritoryID=t.TerritoryID LEFT JOIN Sales.CreditCard c ON h.CreditCardID=c.CreditCardID WHERE OrderDate>=@DesiredDateAtMidnight AND OrderDate<@NextDateAtMidnight ORDER BY h.SalesOrderID; -- Query with FAST(10) SELECT OrderID=h.SalesOrderID ,h.OrderDate ,h.TerritoryID ,TerritoryName=t.Name ,c.CardType ,c.CardNumber ,CardExpire=RIGHT(STR(100+ExpMonth),2)+'/'+STR(ExpYear,4) ,h.TotalDue FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader h LEFT JOIN Sales.SalesTerritory t ON h.TerritoryID=t.TerritoryID LEFT JOIN Sales.CreditCard c ON h.CreditCardID=c.CreditCardID WHERE OrderDate>=@DesiredDateAtMidnight AND OrderDate<@NextDateAtMidnight ORDER BY h.SalesOrderID OPTION(FAST 10) Now when you check the execution plan for the same, you will find following visible difference. You will find query with FAST returns results with much lower cost. Thank you Brad for excellent post and teaching us something. I request all of you to read original blog post written by Brad for much more information. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, Readers Contribution, Readers Question, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Puzzle, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Identify Most Resource Intensive Queries – SQL in Sixty Seconds #028 – Video

  - by pinaldave

  During performance tuning conversation the very first question people often ask is what are the queries offending the server or in another word let us identify the queries which are the most resource intensive. The resources are often described as either Memory, CPU or IO. When we talk about the queries the same is applicable for them as well. The query which is doing lots of reads or writes are for sure resource intensive as well query which are taking maximum CPU time. Performance tuning is a very deep subject and we all have our own preference regarding what should be the first step to tuning and what should be looked with the salt of grain. Though there is no denying that a query which uses more resources than what it should be using for sure require tuning. There are many ways to do identify query using intense resources (e.g. Extended events etc) but in this one we will go by simple DMV. There is a small gotcha we all have to remember about usage of DMV is that it only brings back results from existing cache. So if you have a query which is very resource intensive but is not cached or if you have explicitly removed the query from the cache it will be not part of the result returned by this DMV. It is quite possible that a query is aged and removed from the cache if your cache is not huge. If your cache is large you may want to be careful in running this query during business hours as this query itself can be resource intensive. Get Script to identify resource intensive query from Here Related Tips in SQL in Sixty Seconds: SQL SERVER – Find Most Expensive Queries Using DMV Simple Example to Configure Resource Governor – Introduction to Resource Governor SQL SERVER – DMV – sys.dm_exec_query_optimizer_info – Statistics of Optimizer SQL SERVER – Wait Stats – Wait Types – Wait Queues – Day 0 of 28 Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology, Video Tagged: Excel

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• SQL SERVER – What is Page Life Expectancy (PLE) Counter

  - by pinaldave

  During performance tuning consultation there are plenty of counters and values, I often come across. Today we will quickly talk about Page Life Expectancy counter, which is commonly known as PLE as well. You can find the value of the PLE by running following query. SELECT [object_name], [counter_name], [cntr_value] FROM sys.dm_os_performance_counters WHERE [object_name] LIKE '%Manager%' AND [counter_name] = 'Page life expectancy' The recommended value of the PLE counter is 300 seconds. I have seen on busy system this value to be as low as even 45 seconds and on unused system as high as 1250 seconds. Page Life Expectancy is number of seconds a page will stay in the buffer pool without references. In simple words, if your page stays longer in the buffer pool (area of the memory cache) your PLE is higher, leading to higher performance as every time request comes there are chances it may find its data in the cache itself instead of going to hard drive to read the data. Now check your system and post back what is this counter value for you during various time of the day. Is this counter any way relates to performance issues for your system? Note: There are various other counters which are important to discuss during the performance tuning and this counter is not everything. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Optimization, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLServer, T SQL, Technology

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• SQLAuthority News – Free eBook Download – Introducing Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2

  - by pinaldave

  Microsoft Press has published FREE eBook on the most awaiting release of SQL Server 2008 R2. The book is written by Ross Mistry and Stacia Misner. Ross is my personal friend and one of the most active book writer in SQL Server Domain. When I see his name on any book, I am sure that it will be high quality and easy to read book. The details about the book is here: Introducing Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2, by Ross Mistry and Stacia Misner The book contains 10 chapters and 216 pages. PART I   Database Administration CHAPTER 1   SQL Server 2008 R2 Editions and Enhancements CHAPTER 2   Multi-Server Administration CHAPTER 3   Data-Tier Applications CHAPTER 4   High Availability and Virtualization Enhancements CHAPTER 5   Consolidation and Monitoring PART II   Business Intelligence Development CHAPTER 6   Scalable Data Warehousing CHAPTER 7   Master Data Services CHAPTER 8   Complex Event Processing with StreamInsight CHAPTER 9   Reporting Services Enhancements CHAPTER 10   Self-Service Analysis with PowerPivot More detail about the book is listed here. You can download the ebook in XPS format here and in PDF format here. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Business Intelligence, Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Download, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Difference Between ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE and WITH NO_WAIT during ALTER DATABASE

  - by pinaldave

  Today, we are going to discuss about something very simple, but quite commonly confused two options of ALTER DATABASE. The first one is ALTER DATABASE …ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE and the second one is WITH NO_WAIT. Many people think they are the same or are not sure of the difference between these two options. Before we continue our explaination, let us go through the explanation given by Book On Line. ROLLBACK AFTER integer [SECONDS] | ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE Specifies whether to roll back after a specified number of seconds or immediately. NO_WAIT Specifies that if the requested database state or option change cannot complete immediately without waiting for transactions to commit or roll back on their own, then the request will fail. If you have understood the difference by now, there is no need to proceed further. If you are still confused, continue with the rest of the post. There is one big difference between ROLLBACK and NO_WAIT. In case incomplete Transaction ALTER DATABASE … ROLLBACK rollbacks those incomplete transaction immediately, where as ALTER DATABASE … NO_WAIT will terminate and rollback the transaction of ALTER DATABASE … NO_WAIT itself. I think it can be clearly explained with the help of the following images. Option 1: ALTER DATABASE … ROLLBACK Connection 1 – Simulating some operation using WAITFOR DELAY WAITFOR DELAY '1:00:00' Connection 2 ALTER DATABASE TestDb SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE; Option 2: ALTER DATABASE … NO_WAIT Connection 1 – Simulating some operation using WAITFOR DELAY WAITFOR DELAY '1:00:00' Connection 2 ALTER DATABASE TestDb SET SINGLE_USER WITH NO_WAIT; Let me know if this example was simple enough. Reference : Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Documentation, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQLAuthority News – Author Visit to Nepal TechMela – 2 Technical Sessions

  - by pinaldave

  Microsoft MDP Nepal is going to organize a Tech Mela for the IT community of Nepal on March 29 & 30, 2010 (2066 Chaitra 16 & 17), Monday and Tuesday,  at the Russian Center for Science & Culture, Kamalpokhari, Kathmandu. The objective of the event is to enhance and exchange knowledge about Information Technology, as well as Microsoft products and technologies, with the IT community. I am very excited to attend this one-of-a-kind event in Nepal. I will be giving two presentations in the said event, which includes: 1) Become An Efficient Developer – Learn The Tricks of SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) There are so many features in SQL Server Management Studio that we may not know or use all of them. This presentation will impart tricks and tips of SQL Server Management Studio to the event goers. This aims to make you an efficient developer by having an edge over the other developers. 2) Good, Bad and Ugly: The Story of Index Index is often considered as the sure shot tool of improving the performance of any query. Learn the basics with examples and discover the good, bad and ugly sides of Index. This session will help you efficiently write queries in future. I am very excited to attend this special event as this is the very first time I will be presenting in technical sessions in Nepal. If you are in Nepal, I strongly suggest that you go to this once-in a lifetime IT fair. Reference : Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority Author Visit, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Difference Between DATETIME and DATETIME2 – WITH GETDATE

  - by pinaldave

  Earlier I wrote blog post SQL SERVER – Difference Between GETDATE and SYSDATETIME which inspired me to write SQL SERVER – Difference Between DATETIME and DATETIME2. Now earlier two blog post inspired me to write this blog post (and 4 emails and 3 reads from readers). I previously populated DATETIME and DATETIME2 field with SYSDATETIME, which gave me very different behavior as SYSDATETIME was rounded up/down for the DATETIME datatype. I just ran the same experiment but instead of populating SYSDATETIME in this script I will be using GETDATE function. DECLARE @Intveral INT SET @Intveral = 10000 CREATE TABLE #TimeTable (FirstDate DATETIME, LastDate DATETIME2) WHILE (@Intveral > 0) BEGIN INSERT #TimeTable (FirstDate, LastDate) VALUES (GETDATE(), GETDATE()) SET @Intveral = @Intveral - 1 END GO SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT FirstDate) D_FirstDate, COUNT(DISTINCT LastDate) D_LastDate FROM #TimeTable GO SELECT DISTINCT a.FirstDate, b.LastDate FROM #TimeTable a INNER JOIN #TimeTable b ON a.FirstDate = b.LastDate GO SELECT * FROM #TimeTable GO DROP TABLE #TimeTable GO Let us run above script and observe the results. You will find that the values of GETDATE which is populated in both the columns FirstDate and LastDate are very much same. This is because GETDATE is of datatype DATETIME and the precision of the GETDATE is smaller than DATETIME2 there is no rounding happening. In other word, this experiment is pointless. I have included this as I got 4 emails and 3 twitter questions on this subject. If your datatype of variable is smaller than column datatype there is no manipulation of data, if data type of variable is larger than column datatype the data is rounded. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://www.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DateTime, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – GUID vs INT – Your Opinion

  - by pinaldave

  I think the title is clear what I am going to write in your post. This is age old problem and I want to compile the list stating advantages and disadvantages of using GUID and INT as a Primary Key or Clustered Index or Both (the usual case). Let me start a list by suggesting one advantage and one disadvantage in each case. INT Advantage: Numeric values (and specifically integers) are better for performance when used in joins, indexes and conditions. Numeric values are easier to understand for application users if they are displayed. Disadvantage: If your table is large, it is quite possible it will run out of it and after some numeric value there will be no additional identity to use. GUID Advantage: Unique across the server. Disadvantage: String values are not as optimal as integer values for performance when used in joins, indexes and conditions. More storage space is required than INT. Please note that I am looking to create list of all the generic comparisons. There can be special cases where the stated information is incorrect, feel free to comment on the same. Please leave your opinion and advice in comment section. I will combine a final list and update this blog after a week. By listing your name in post, I will also give due credit. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Constraint and Keys, SQL Data Storage, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLServer, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – SELECT TOP Shortcut in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)

  - by pinaldave

  This is tool is pretty old, yet always comes as a handy tip. I had a great trip at TechEd in India. And, during one of my presentations, I was asked if there are any shortcuts to SELECT only TOP 100 records from SSMS. I immediately told him that if he explores the table in SSMS, he can just right click on it and SELECT TOP 1000 records. If he wanted only 100 records, then he could edit that 1000 to 100 by means of going to Options. Go to Options, then hover the mouse over the SQL Server Object Explorer, then proceed to Commands. Afterwards, change the Value for Select Top <n> Audit Records. After narrating the steps, he told me that he was not looking for the right click option; rather he was asking if there is any kind of keyboard shortcut for convenience’s sake. Actually, a keyboard shortcut is also possible. SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) lets you configure the settings you want using a shortcut. Here is how you can do it. Go to Options, then to Environment. Proceed to Keyboard, and from there, configure your T-SQL with the desired keyword. Now, open SSMS New Query Window, and then click and type in any table name.  After that, just hit the shortcut you just made earlier. Doing this should display TOP 100 records in the Result window. I am sure this trick is quite old, but it is still helpful to many. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Add-On, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Find Most Expensive Queries Using DMV

  - by pinaldave

  The title of this post is what I can express here for this quick blog post. I was asked in recent query tuning consultation project, if I can share my script which I use to figure out which is the most expensive queries are running on SQL Server. This script is very basic and very simple, there are many different versions are available online. This basic script does do the job which I expect to do – find out the most expensive queries on SQL Server Box. SELECT TOP 10 SUBSTRING(qt.TEXT, (qs.statement_start_offset/2)+1, ((CASE qs.statement_end_offset WHEN -1 THEN DATALENGTH(qt.TEXT) ELSE qs.statement_end_offset END - qs.statement_start_offset)/2)+1), qs.execution_count, qs.total_logical_reads, qs.last_logical_reads, qs.total_logical_writes, qs.last_logical_writes, qs.total_worker_time, qs.last_worker_time, qs.total_elapsed_time/1000000 total_elapsed_time_in_S, qs.last_elapsed_time/1000000 last_elapsed_time_in_S, qs.last_execution_time, qp.query_plan FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats qs CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(qs.sql_handle) qt CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan(qs.plan_handle) qp ORDER BY qs.total_logical_reads DESC -- logical reads -- ORDER BY qs.total_logical_writes DESC -- logical writes -- ORDER BY qs.total_worker_time DESC -- CPU time You can change the ORDER BY clause to order this table with different parameters. I invite my reader to share their scripts. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Optimization, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, SQLServer, T SQL, Technology Tagged: SQL DMV

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• SQL SERVER – Get All the Information of Database using sys.databases

  - by pinaldave

  Earlier I wrote blog article SQL SERVER – Finding Last Backup Time for All Database. In the response of this article I have received very interesting script from SQL Server Expert Matteo as a comment in the blog. He has written script using sys.databases which provides plenty of the information about database. I suggest you can run this on your database and know unknown of your databases as well. SELECT database_id, CONVERT(VARCHAR(25), DB.name) AS dbName, CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), DATABASEPROPERTYEX(name, 'status')) AS [Status], state_desc, (SELECT COUNT(1) FROM sys.master_files WHERE DB_NAME(database_id) = DB.name AND type_desc = 'rows') AS DataFiles, (SELECT SUM((size*8)/1024) FROM sys.master_files WHERE DB_NAME(database_id) = DB.name AND type_desc = 'rows') AS [Data MB], (SELECT COUNT(1) FROM sys.master_files WHERE DB_NAME(database_id) = DB.name AND type_desc = 'log') AS LogFiles, (SELECT SUM((size*8)/1024) FROM sys.master_files WHERE DB_NAME(database_id) = DB.name AND type_desc = 'log') AS [Log MB], user_access_desc AS [User access], recovery_model_desc AS [Recovery model], CASE compatibility_level WHEN 60 THEN '60 (SQL Server 6.0)' WHEN 65 THEN '65 (SQL Server 6.5)' WHEN 70 THEN '70 (SQL Server 7.0)' WHEN 80 THEN '80 (SQL Server 2000)' WHEN 90 THEN '90 (SQL Server 2005)' WHEN 100 THEN '100 (SQL Server 2008)' END AS [compatibility level], CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), create_date, 103) + ' ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), create_date, 108) AS [Creation date], -- last backup ISNULL((SELECT TOP 1 CASE TYPE WHEN 'D' THEN 'Full' WHEN 'I' THEN 'Differential' WHEN 'L' THEN 'Transaction log' END + ' – ' + LTRIM(ISNULL(STR(ABS(DATEDIFF(DAY, GETDATE(),Backup_finish_date))) + ' days ago', 'NEVER')) + ' – ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), backup_start_date, 103) + ' ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), backup_start_date, 108) + ' – ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), backup_finish_date, 103) + ' ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), backup_finish_date, 108) + ' (' + CAST(DATEDIFF(second, BK.backup_start_date, BK.backup_finish_date) AS VARCHAR(4)) + ' ' + 'seconds)' FROM msdb..backupset BK WHERE BK.database_name = DB.name ORDER BY backup_set_id DESC),'-') AS [Last backup], CASE WHEN is_fulltext_enabled = 1 THEN 'Fulltext enabled' ELSE '' END AS [fulltext], CASE WHEN is_auto_close_on = 1 THEN 'autoclose' ELSE '' END AS [autoclose], page_verify_option_desc AS [page verify option], CASE WHEN is_read_only = 1 THEN 'read only' ELSE '' END AS [read only], CASE WHEN is_auto_shrink_on = 1 THEN 'autoshrink' ELSE '' END AS [autoshrink], CASE WHEN is_auto_create_stats_on = 1 THEN 'auto create statistics' ELSE '' END AS [auto create statistics], CASE WHEN is_auto_update_stats_on = 1 THEN 'auto update statistics' ELSE '' END AS [auto update statistics], CASE WHEN is_in_standby = 1 THEN 'standby' ELSE '' END AS [standby], CASE WHEN is_cleanly_shutdown = 1 THEN 'cleanly shutdown' ELSE '' END AS [cleanly shutdown] FROM sys.databases DB ORDER BY dbName, [Last backup] DESC, NAME Please let me know if you find this information useful. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, Readers Contribution, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLServer, T SQL, Technology

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• SQLAuthority News – Happy Deepavali and Happy News Year

  - by pinaldave

  Diwali or Deepavali is popularly known as the festival of lights. It literally means “array of light” or “row of lamps“. Today we build a small clay maps and fill it with oil and light it up. The significance of lighting the lamp is the triumph of good over evil. I work every single day in a year but today I am spending my time with family and little one. I make sure that my daughter is aware of our culture and she learns to celebrate the festival with the same passion and values which I have. Every year on this day, I do not write a long blog post but rather write a small post with various SQL Tips and Tricks. After reading them you should quickly get back to your friends and family – it is the most important festival day. Here are a few tips and tricks: Take regular full backup of your database Avoid cursors if they can be replaced by set based process Keep your index maintenance script handy and execute them at intervals Consider Solid State Drive (SDD) for crucial database and tempdb placement Update statistics for OLTP transactions at intervals I guess that’s it for today. If you still have more time to learn. Here are few things you should consider. Get FREE Books by Sign up for tomorrow’s webcast by Rick Morelan Watch SQL in Sixty Seconds Series – FREE SQL Learning Read my earlier 2300+ articles Well, I am sure that will keep you busy for the rest of the day! Happy Diwali to All of You! Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: About Me, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Precision of SMALLDATETIME – A 1 Minute Precision

  - by pinaldave

  I am myself surprised that I am writing this post today. I am going to present one of the very known facts of SQL Server SMALLDATETIME datatype. Even though this is a very well-known datatype, many a time, I have seen developers getting confused with precision of the SMALLDATETIME datatype. The precision of the datatype SMALLDATETIME is 1 minute. It discards the seconds by rounding up or rounding down any seconds greater than zero. Let us see the following example DECLARE @varSDate AS SMALLDATETIME SET @varSDate = '1900-01-01 12:12:01' SELECT @varSDate C_SDT SET @varSDate = '1900-01-01 12:12:29' SELECT @varSDate C_SDT SET @varSDate = '1900-01-01 12:12:30' SELECT @varSDate C_SDT SET @varSDate = '1900-01-01 12:12:59' SELECT @varSDate C_SDT Following is the result of the above script and note that any value between 0 (zero) and 59 is converted up or down. The part that confuses the developers is the value of the seconds in the display. I think if it is not maintained or recorded, it should not be displayed as well. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DateTime, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQLAuthority News – Best SQLAuthority Posts of May

  - by pinaldave

  Month of May is always interesting and full of enthusiasm. Lots of good articles shared and lots of enthusiast communication on technology. This month we had 140 Character Cartoon Challenge Winner. We also had interesting conversation on what kind of lock WITH NOLOCK takes on objects as well. A quick tutorial on how to import CSV files into Database using SSIS started few other related questions. I also had fun time with community activities. I attended MVP Open Day. Vijay Raj also took awesome photos of my daughter – Shaivi. I have gain my faith back in Social Media and have created my Facebook Page, if you like SQLAuthority.com I request you to Like Facebook page as well. I am very active on twitter (@pinaldave) and answer lots of technical question if I am online during that time. During this month couple of old thing, I did learn by accident 1) Restart and Shutdown Remote Computer 2) SSMS has web browser. If you have made it till here – I suggest you to take participation in very interesting conversation here – Why SELECT * throws an error but SELECT COUNT(*) does not? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: About Me, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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