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• openvpn WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled

  - by tmedtcom

  I tried to install openvpn on debian squeez (server) and connect from my fedora 17 as (client). Here is my configuration: server configuration ###cat server.conf # Serveur TCP ** proto tcp** port 1194 dev tun # Cles et certificats ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/dh1024.pem # Reseau #Adresse virtuel du reseau vpn server 192.170.70.0 255.255.255.0 #Cette ligne ajoute sur le client la route du reseau vers le serveur push "route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0" #Creer une route du server vers l'interface tun. #route 192.170.70.0 255.255.255.0 # Securite keepalive 10 120 #type d'encryptage des données **cipher AES-128-CBC** #activation de la compression comp-lzo #nombre maximum de clients autorisés max-clients 10 #pas d'utilisateur et groupe particuliers pour l'utilisation du VPN user nobody group nogroup #pour rendre la connexion persistante persist-key persist-tun #Log d'etat d'OpenVPN status /var/log/openvpn-status.log #logs openvpnlog /var/log/openvpn.log log-append /var/log/openvpn.log #niveau de verbosité verb 5 ###cat client.conf # Client client dev tun [COLOR="Red"]proto tcp-client[/COLOR] remote <my server wan IP> 1194 resolv-retry infinite **cipher AES-128-CBC** # Cles ca ca.crt cert client.crt key client.key # Securite nobind persist-key persist-tun comp-lzo verb 3 Message from the host client (fedora 17) in the log file / var / log / messages: Dec 6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> Starting VPN service 'openvpn'... Dec 6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN service 'openvpn' started (org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.openvpn), PID 7470 Dec 6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN service 'openvpn' appeared; activating connections Dec 6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN plugin state changed: starting (3) Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN connection 'Connexion VPN 1' (Connect) reply received. Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: OpenVPN 2.2.2 x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu [SSL] [LZO2] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [eurephia] built on Sep 5 2012 Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]:[COLOR="Red"][U][B] WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled.[/B][/U][/COLOR] See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info. Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: NOTE: the current --script-security setting may allow this configuration to call user-defined scripts Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]:[COLOR="Red"] WARNING: file '/home/login/client/client.key' is group or others accessible[/COLOR] Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: UDPv4 link local: [undef] Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: UDPv4 link remote: [COLOR="Red"]<my server wan IP>[/COLOR]:1194 Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: [COLOR="Red"]read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111)[/COLOR] Dec 6 21:56:03 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: [COLOR="Red"]read UDPv4[/COLOR] [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111) Dec 6 21:56:07 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111) Dec 6 21:56:15 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111) Dec 6 21:56:31 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111) Dec 6 21:56:41 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <warn> VPN connection 'Connexion VPN 1' (IP Conf[/CODE] ifconfig on server host(debian): ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:16:21:ac inet addr:192.168.1.6 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe16:21ac/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:9059 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:5660 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:919427 (897.8 KiB) TX bytes:1273891 (1.2 MiB) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:192.170.70.1 P-t-P:192.170.70.2 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) ifconfig on the client host (fedora 17) as0t0: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 5.5.0.1 netmask 255.255.252.0 destination 5.5.0.1 unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 200 (UNSPEC) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2 bytes 321 (321.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 as0t1: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 5.5.4.1 netmask 255.255.252.0 destination 5.5.4.1 unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 200 (UNSPEC) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2 bytes 321 (321.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 as0t2: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 5.5.8.1 netmask 255.255.252.0 destination 5.5.8.1 unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 200 (UNSPEC) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2 bytes 321 (321.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 as0t3: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 5.5.12.1 netmask 255.255.252.0 destination 5.5.12.1 unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 200 (UNSPEC) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2 bytes 321 (321.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 **p255p1**: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 inet6 fe80::21d:baff:fe20:b7e6 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:1d:ba:20:b7:e6 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 4842070 bytes 3579798184 (3.3 GiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 3996158 bytes 2436442882 (2.2 GiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 device interrupt 16 p255p1 is label for eth0 interface and on the server : root@hoteserver:/etc/openvpn# tree . +-- client ¦** +-- ca.crt ¦** +-- client.conf ¦** +-- client.crt ¦** +-- client.csr ¦** +-- client.key ¦** +-- client.ovpn ¦* ¦** +-- easy-rsa ¦** +-- build-ca ¦** +-- build-dh ¦** +-- build-inter ¦** +-- build-key ¦** +-- build-key-pass ¦** +-- build-key-pkcs12 ¦** +-- build-key-server ¦** +-- build-req ¦** +-- build-req-pass ¦** +-- clean-all ¦** +-- inherit-inter ¦** +-- keys ¦** ¦** +-- 01.pem ¦** ¦** +-- 02.pem ¦** ¦** +-- ca.crt ¦** ¦** +-- ca.key ¦** ¦** +-- client.crt ¦** ¦** +-- client.csr ¦** ¦** +-- client.key ¦** ¦** +-- dh1024.pem ¦** ¦** +-- index.txt ¦** ¦** +-- index.txt.attr ¦** ¦** +-- index.txt.attr.old ¦** ¦** +-- index.txt.old ¦** ¦** +-- serial ¦** ¦** +-- serial.old ¦** ¦** +-- server.crt ¦** ¦** +-- server.csr ¦** ¦** +-- server.key ¦** +-- list-crl ¦** +-- Makefile ¦** +-- openssl-0.9.6.cnf.gz ¦** +-- openssl.cnf ¦** +-- pkitool ¦** +-- README.gz ¦** +-- revoke-full ¦** +-- sign-req ¦** +-- vars ¦** +-- whichopensslcnf +-- openvpn.log +-- openvpn-status.log +-- server.conf +-- update-resolv-conf on the client: [login@hoteclient openvpn]$ tree . |-- easy-rsa | |-- 1.0 | | |-- build-ca | | |-- build-dh | | |-- build-inter | | |-- build-key | | |-- build-key-pass | | |-- build-key-pkcs12 | | |-- build-key-server | | |-- build-req | | |-- build-req-pass | | |-- clean-all | | |-- list-crl | | |-- make-crl | | |-- openssl.cnf | | |-- README | | |-- revoke-crt | | |-- revoke-full | | |-- sign-req | | `-- vars | `-- 2.0 | |-- build-ca | |-- build-dh | |-- build-inter | |-- build-key | |-- build-key-pass | |-- build-key-pkcs12 | |-- build-key-server | |-- build-req | |-- build-req-pass | |-- clean-all | |-- inherit-inter | |-- keys [error opening dir] | |-- list-crl | |-- Makefile | |-- openssl-0.9.6.cnf | |-- openssl-0.9.8.cnf | |-- openssl-1.0.0.cnf | |-- pkitool | |-- README | |-- revoke-full | |-- sign-req | |-- vars | `-- whichopensslcnf |-- keys -> ./easy-rsa/2.0/keys/ `-- server.conf the problem source is cipher AES-128-CBC ,proto tcp-client or UDP or the interface p255p1 on fedora17 or file authentification ta.key is not found ????

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• Why does Cacti keep waiting for dead poller processes?

  - by Oliver Salzburg

  sorry for the length I am currently setting up a new Debian (6.0.5) server. I put Cacti (0.8.7g) on it yesterday and have been battling with it ever since. Initial issue The initial issue I was observing, was that my graphs weren't updating. So I checked my cacti.log and found this concerning message: POLLER: Poller[0] Maximum runtime of 298 seconds exceeded. Exiting. That can't be good, right? So I went checking and started poller.php myself (via sudo -u www-data php poller.php --force). It will pump out a lot of message (which all look like what I would expect) and then hang for a minute. After that 1 minute, it will loop the following message: Waiting on 1 of 1 pollers. This goes on for 4 more minutes until the process is forcefully ended for running longer than 300s. So far so good I went on for a good hour trying to determine what poller might still be running, until I got to the conclusion that there simply is no running poller. Debugging I checked poller.php to see how that warning is issued and why. On line 368, Cacti will retrieve the number of finished processes from the database and use that value to calculate how many processes are still running. So, let's see that value! I added the following debug code into poller.php: print "Finished: " . $finished_processes . " - Started: " . $started_processes . "\n"; Result This will print the following within seconds of starting poller.php: Finished: 0 - Started: 1 Waiting on 1 of 1 pollers. Finished: 1 - Started: 1 So the values are being read and are valid. Until we get to the part where it keeps looping: Finished: - Started: 1 Waiting on 1 of 1 pollers. Suddenly, the value is gone. Why? Putting var_dump() in there confirms the issue: NULL Finished: - Started: 1 Waiting on 1 of 1 pollers. The return value is NULL. How can that be when querying SELECT COUNT()...? (SELECT COUNT() should always return one result row, shouldn't it?) More debugging So I went into lib\database.php and had a look at that db_fetch_cell(). A bit of testing confirmed, that the result set is actually empty. So I added my own database query code in there to see what that would do: $finished_processes = db_fetch_cell("SELECT count(*) FROM poller_time WHERE poller_id=0 AND end_time>'0000-00-00 00:00:00'"); print "Finished: " . $finished_processes . " - Started: " . $started_processes . "\n"; $mysqli = new mysqli("localhost","cacti","cacti","cacti"); $result = $mysqli->query("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM poller_time WHERE poller_id=0 AND end_time>'0000-00-00 00:00:00';"); $row = $result->fetch_assoc(); var_dump( $row ); This will output Finished: - Started: 1 array(1) { ["COUNT(*)"]=> string(1) "2" } Waiting on 1 of 1 pollers. So, the data is there and can be accessed without any problems, just not with the method Cacti is using? Double-check that! I enabled MySQL logging to make sure I'm not imagining things. Sure enough, when the error message is looped, the cacti.log reads as if it was querying like mad: 06/29/2012 08:44:00 PM - CMDPHP: Poller[0] DEVEL: SQL Cell: "SELECT count(*) FROM cacti.poller_time WHERE poller_id=0 AND end_time>'0000-00-00 00:00:00'" 06/29/2012 08:44:01 PM - CMDPHP: Poller[0] DEVEL: SQL Cell: "SELECT count(*) FROM cacti.poller_time WHERE poller_id=0 AND end_time>'0000-00-00 00:00:00'" 06/29/2012 08:44:02 PM - CMDPHP: Poller[0] DEVEL: SQL Cell: "SELECT count(*) FROM cacti.poller_time WHERE poller_id=0 AND end_time>'0000-00-00 00:00:00'" But none of these queries are logged my MySQL. Yet, when I add my own database query code, it shows up just fine. What the heck is going on here?

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• ldap_modify: Insufficient access (50)

  - by Lynn Owens

  I am running an OpenLDAP 2.4 server that uses the SSL service for communication. It works for lookups. I am trying to add mirror mode replication. So this is the command that I'm executing: ldapmodify -D "cn=myuser,dc=mydomain,dc=com" -H ldaps://myloadbalancer -W -f /etc/ldap/ldif/server_id.ldif Where this is my server_id.ldif: dn: cn=config changetype: modify replace: olcServerID olcServerID: 1 myserver1 olcServerID: 2 myserver2 and this is my cn\=config.ldif in the slapd.d tree of text files: dn: cn=config objectClass: olcGlobal cn: config olcArgsFile: /var/run/slapd/slapd.args olcPidFile: /var/run/slapd/slapd.pid olcToolThreads: 1 structuralObjectClass: olcGlobal entryUUID: ff9689de-c61d-1031-880b-c3eb45d66183 creatorsName: cn=config createTimestamp: 20121118224947Z olcLogLevel: stats olcTLSCertificateFile: /etc/ldap/certs/ldapscert.pem olcTLSCertificateKeyFile: /etc/ldap/certs/ldapskey.pem olcTLSCACertificateFile: /etc/ldap/certs/ldapscert.pem olcTLSVerifyClient: never entryCSN: 20121119022009.770692Z#000000#000#000000 modifiersName: gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth modifyTimestamp: 20121119022009Z But unfortunately I'm getting this: Enter LDAP Password: modifying entry "cn=config" ldap_modify: Insufficient access (50) If I try to specify the config database I get this: ldapmodify -H 'ldaps://myloadbalancer/cn=config' -D "cn=myuser,cn=config" -W -f ./server_id.ldif Enter LDAP Password: ldap_bind: Invalid credentials (49)} Does anyone know how I can add the serverID to the config database so that I can complete the setup of mirror mode?

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• libcrypto.so.0.9.8: could not read symbols: Invalid operation

  - by Doug

  Trying to make PHP 5.4.4 with various extensions (I know you can apt-get this, but I need to do it because I have a new installation of Apache 2.4.2 which isn't available via repos). However, I am stuck and I don't know what this error means. /usr/bin/ld: ext/curl/.libs/interface.o: undefined reference to symbol 'CRYPTO_set_id_callback@@OPENSSL_0.9.8' /usr/bin/ld: note: 'CRYPTO_set_id_callback@@OPENSSL_0.9.8' is defined in DSO /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 so try adding it to the linker command line /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8: could not read symbols: Invalid operation collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [sapi/cli/php] Error 1

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• How to see the olddir after mount --bind olddir newdir?

  - by freestyler

  In my debian 7: $ pwd /home/freestyler $ mkdir old new # mount --bind old new then $ mount /dev/cciss/c0d0p9 on /home/freestyler/new type ext4(rw,noatime,nodiratime,user_xattr,barrier=1,data=ordered) I can only see the /dev/cciss/c0d0p9, which is not the same as /home/freestyler/old How can I get the original olddir path? In debian 6: the mount outpt the olddir path well: $ mount /home/freestyler/old on /home/freestyler/new type none (rw,bind)

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• Using DNS in iproute2

  - by Oliver

  In my setup I can redirect the default gateway based on the source address. Let's say a user is connected through tun0 (10.2.0.0/16) is redirect to another vpn. That works fine! ip rule add from 10.2.0.10 lookup vpn1 In a second rule I redirect the default gateway to another gateway if the user access a certain ip adress: ip rule add from 10.2.0.10 to 94.142.154.71 lookup vpn2 If I access the page on 94.142.154.71 (myip.is) the user is correctly routed and I can see the ip of the second vpn. On any other pages the ip address of vpn1 is shown. But how do I tell iproute2 that all request at e. g. google.com should be redirected through vpn2?

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• Mysql stopped working

  - by tonymarschall

  Mysql is up and running on my system but i can not login with any user. I also cannot start/stop/status the server. All i got is: ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES) /usr/bin/mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed error: 'Access denied for user 'debian-sys-maint'@'localhost' (using password: YES) From the logs: Mar 24 08:30:13 debian /etc/mysql/debian-start[1074]: Upgrading MySQL tables if necessary. Mar 24 08:30:13 debian /etc/mysql/debian-start[1078]: /usr/bin/mysql_upgrade: the '--basedir' option is always ignored Mar 24 08:30:13 debian /etc/mysql/debian-start[1078]: Looking for 'mysql' as: /usr/bin/mysql Mar 24 08:30:13 debian /etc/mysql/debian-start[1078]: Looking for 'mysqlcheck' as: /usr/bin/mysqlcheck Mar 24 08:30:13 debian /etc/mysql/debian-start[1078]: Running 'mysqlcheck' with connection arguments: '--port=3306' '--socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' '--host=localhost' '--socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' '--host=localhost' '--socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' Mar 24 08:30:13 debian /etc/mysql/debian-start[1078]: /usr/bin/mysqlcheck: Got error: 1045: Access denied for user 'debian-sys-maint'@'localhost' (using password: YES) when trying to connect Mar 24 08:30:13 debian /etc/mysql/debian-start[1078]: FATAL ERROR: Upgrade failed Mar 24 08:30:13 debian /etc/mysql/debian-start[1111]: Checking for insecure root accounts.

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• Debian 6 Server Enabling Remote Desktop [closed]

  - by Sampath

  I am currently running a web server on Debian 6 without a GUI. I connect to the server through SSH using putty from my Windows desktop. When managing Windows systems we use RDP to connect remotely, so how would I do the same for my Debian server? Note: I am not an linux power user. My Debian 6 server is a web server serving ruby on rails+mysql, so I would prefer a light weight remote desktop solution.

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• Where's the Swap File/Partition?

  - by chrisbunney

  I'm investigating the virtual memory configuration of a Debian based Amazon EC2 instance, and as my background isn't in system admin, I'm slightly confused by what I'm seeing. We're using MongoDB, and the monitoring server we have indicates that the Mongo process is using about 20GB of swap space, however I can't figure out where this is located on the server. As far as I can tell from using the various suggested methods from Google, there is either a much smaller amount, or none at all. top indicates that there is 1.8GB of swap memory: top - 15:35:21 up 6 days, 3:23, 1 user, load average: 1.60, 1.43, 1.37 Tasks: 47 total, 2 running, 45 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 1.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 14.7%id, 83.8%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.1%st Mem: 3928924k total, 2855572k used, 1073352k free, 640564k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 1887788k cached swapon -s doesn't seem to think there's any swap space: Filename Type Size Used Priority free -m doesn't think there's any swap either: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3836 3663 172 0 626 2701 -/+ buffers/cache: 336 3500 Swap: 0 0 0 And neither does vmstat: procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 0 3 0 66224 641372 2874744 0 0 21 5012 21 33 2 2 76 19 But cat /etc/fstab thinks there is a swap partition: /dev/xvda1 / ext3 defaults 1 1 /dev/xvda2 /mnt ext3 defaults 0 0 /dev/xvda3 swap swap defaults 0 0 none /proc proc defaults 0 0 none /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 However df -k gives no indication of the xvda3 partition: Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 16513960 15675324 0 100% / tmpfs 1964460 8 1964452 1% /lib/init/rw udev 1914148 28 1914120 1% /dev tmpfs 1964460 4 1964456 1% /dev/shm So I really don't know what to make of this, because I appear to have a process using about 10 times more virtual memory than what might be available, and I have no idea where this virtual memory is on the system. I'm probably misinterpreting the output of the tools, so I'd be grateful if someone would be able to set me straight: What have I got wrong, what's the right interpretation, and how do you reach that interpretation? EDIT0: We use 10gen's MMS for monitoring the database, the relevant section for memory from the last data point is: "mem": { "virtual": 20749, "bits": 64, "supported": true, "mappedWithJournal": 20376, "mapped": 10188, "resident": 1219 }, This JSON is specific to the database process (I believe) rather than the system as a whole. fdisk -l /dev/xvda outputs... nothing? I tried each of the 3 xvda entries in /etc/fstab as well: root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda1 Disk /dev/xvda1: 34.4 GB, 34359738368 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4177 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/xvda1 doesn't contain a valid partition table root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda2 root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda3 root@ip:~# Edit1: Output of cat /proc/meminfo for the sake of completeness: MemTotal: 3928924 kB MemFree: 726600 kB Buffers: 648368 kB Cached: 2216556 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 1945100 kB Inactive: 994016 kB Active(anon): 60476 kB Inactive(anon): 12952 kB Active(file): 1884624 kB Inactive(file): 981064 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Dirty: 387180 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 73380 kB Mapped: 1188260 kB Shmem: 48 kB Slab: 149768 kB SReclaimable: 146076 kB SUnreclaim: 3692 kB KernelStack: 1104 kB PageTables: 16096 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 1964460 kB Committed_AS: 305572 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 16760 kB VmallocChunk: 34359721448 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 3932160 kB DirectMap2M: 0 kB

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• Uninstall php and nginx or fix setup

  - by jreed121

  First off, I'm a huge linux noob - sorry... I'm trying to setup nginx with php-fpm on debian and I'm pretty sure that I've completely screwed it up. nginx seems to be running fine because I can it it from a web browser and it load the stock "Welcome to nginx!" page. I'm not so sure about php-fpm though. When I try something like # restart php-fpm I get: bash: restart: command not found First off php-fpm some how got installed as php5-fpm when I do root@server:/etc/init.d# ls, which seems to contradict every tutorial and help doc I've read (supposed to be 'php-fpm'). I can restart it with this: service php5-fpm restart And just enter the package name 'php5-fpm' I get this: root@server:~# php5-fpm [17-Nov-2012 23:15:36] NOTICE: PHP message: PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php5/20100525/suhosin.so' - /usr/lib/php5/20100525/suhosin.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory in Unknown on line 0 [17-Nov-2012 23:15:36] ERROR: An another FPM instance seems to already listen on /var/run/php5-fpm.sock [17-Nov-2012 23:15:36] ERROR: FPM initialization failed The root for nginx is /usr/share/nginx/html, when I try to navigate to a .php file in there with my web browser, it tries to download the file instead of interpret it. I would like this folder to be in my user's home directory ie: /home/administrator/www or /home/nginx/www. I know in order to do this I need to modify nginx.conf, but I find that configuration file difficult to understand. I suppose the fact that my .php scripts aren't being handled is my bigger problem anyways. When I try to see what running on port 9000 (php-fpm default port) with lsof -i :9000 it returns nothing - I guess indicating that it isn't listening. then I head over to vim /etc/php5/fpm/php-fpm.conf and there is no where to designate a port number. So should I just uninstall everything and start from scratch? If so, how do I clean it all up? Any suggestions for a tutorial once I'm ready to try again? Should I attempt to troubleshoot this mess? If so where should I start? Sorry guys, I'm feeling pretty stupid and lost right now. I'm not sure what my next steps are in trying to resolve this issue are. I realize that this is a horrible question for this type of Q&A site, but I'd really appreciate any guidance.

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• Upgrading kernel on Debian server hosting Xen 3.2.1

  - by mitnosirrag

  I have a physical server running Debian 6 and Xen Hypervisor 3.2.1, and kernal -a says "2.6.26-1-xen-amd64". I have not updated for a long time, because when I run apt-get upgrade, one of the updates is linux-image-2.6-amd64. My understanding was that my kernel needs to have Xen support, will upgrading to this kernel break my dom0? I have myself up against a wall, because I host a VM for a website that isn't mine, so I need the latest security updates, but can't risk taking them offline. Eventually they will move off, and I won't be hosting something I am unqualified to host, but that isn't the point right now.

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• how to restrict access to all .txt file in apache except robots.txt?

  - by user3162764

  I am configuring apache2 on debian and would like to allow only robots.txt to be accessed for searching engines, while other .txt files are restricted, I tried to add the followings to .htaccess but no luck: <Files robots.txt> Order Allow,Deny Allow from All </Files> <Files *.txt> Order Deny,Allow Deny from All </Files> Can anyone help or give me some hints? I am new comer to apache, thanks a lot.

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• My IPSec VPN isn't allowing me to connect

  - by jbondhus

  I'm following this guide to create an IPsec VPN on a debian server. I followed all the steps, and it still isn't working. If I try connecting to it, I get an error. I've looked for the logs, but I'm not sure where they would be put, other than /var/logs. I aim to be able to browse the internet from my home connection, and access my home network as if it is my local network (eg. access my home fileserver and printers, and screen share my home computers remotely without a complicated port forwarding setup.

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• Very slow write performance on Debian 6.0 (AMD64) with DMCRYPT/LVM/RAID1

  - by jdelic

  I'm seeing very strange performance characteristics on one of my servers. This server is running a simple two-disk software-RAID1 setup with LVM spanning /dev/md0. One of the logical volumes /dev/vg0/secure is encrypted using dmcrypt with LUKS and mounted with the sync and noatimes flag. Writing to that volume is incredibly slow at 1.8 MB/s and the CPU usage stays near 0%. There are 8 crpyto/1-8 processes running (it's a Intel Quadcore CPU). I hope that someone on serverfault has seen this before :-(. uname -a 2.6.32-5-xen-amd64 #1 SMP Tue Mar 8 00:01:30 UTC 2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux Interestingly, when I read from the device I get good performance numbers: reading without encryption: $ dd if=/dev/vg0/secure of=/dev/null bs=64k count=100000 100000+0 records in 100000+0 records out 6553600000 bytes (6.6 GB) copied, 68.8951 s, 95.1 MB/s reading with encryption: $ dd if=/dev/mapper/secure of=/dev/null bs=64k count=100000 100000+0 records in 100000+0 records out 6553600000 bytes (6.6 GB) copied, 69.7116 s, 94.0 MB/s However, when I try to write to the device: $ dd if=/dev/zero of=./test bs=64k 8809+0 records in 8809+0 records out 577306624 bytes (577 MB) copied, 321.861 s, 1.8 MB/s Also, when I read I see CPU usage, when I write, the CPU stays at almost 0% usage. Here is output of cryptsetup luksDump: LUKS header information for /dev/vg0/secure Version: 1 Cipher name: aes Cipher mode: cbc-essiv:sha256 Hash spec: sha1 Payload offset: 2056 MK bits: 256 MK digest: dd 62 b9 a5 bf 6c ec 23 36 22 92 4c 39 f8 d6 5d c1 3a b7 37 MK salt: cc 2e b3 d9 fb e3 86 a1 bb ab eb 9d 65 df b3 dd d9 6b f4 49 de 8f 85 7d 3b 1c 90 83 5d b2 87 e2 MK iterations: 44500 UUID: a7c9af61-d9f0-4d3f-b422-dddf16250c33 Key Slot 0: ENABLED Iterations: 178282 Salt: 60 24 cb be 5c 51 9f b4 85 64 3d f8 07 22 54 d4 1a 5f 4c bc 4b 82 76 48 d8 a2 d2 6a ee 13 d7 5d Key material offset: 8 AF stripes: 4000 Key Slot 1: DISABLED Key Slot 2: DISABLED Key Slot 3: DISABLED Key Slot 4: DISABLED Key Slot 5: DISABLED Key Slot 6: DISABLED Key Slot 7: DISABLED

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• IPMI sdr entity 8 (memory module) only showing 3 records?

  - by thinice

  I've got two Dell PE R710's - A has a single socket and 3 DIMMs in one bank B has both sockets and 6 (2 banks @ 3 DIMMs) filled The output from "ipmitool sdr entity 8" confuses me - according to the OpenIPMI documentation these are supposed to represent DIMM slots. Output from A (1 CPU, 3 DIMMS, 1 bank.): ~#: ipmitool sdr entity 8 Temp | 0Ah | ok | 8.1 | 27 degrees C Temp | 0Bh | ns | 8.1 | Disabled Temp | 0Ch | ucr | 8.1 | 52 degrees C Output from B (2 CPUs, 3 DIMMS in both banks, 6 total): ~#: ipmitool sdr entity 8 Temp | 0Ah | ok | 8.1 | 26 degrees C Temp | 0Bh | ok | 8.1 | 25 degrees C Temp | 0Ch | ucr | 8.1 | 51 degrees C Now, I'm starting to think this output isn't DIMMS themselves, but maybe a sensor for each bank and something else? (Otherwise, shouldn't I see 6 readings for the one with both banks active?) The CPU's aren't near 50 deg C, so I doubt the significantly higher reading is due to proximity - Is anyone able to explain what I'm seeing? Does the output from my ipmitool sdr entity 8 -v here on pastebin seem to hint at different sensors? The sensor naming conventions are poor - seems like a dell thing. Here is output from racadm racdump

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• mdadm raid5 recover double disk failure - with a twist (drive order)

  - by Peter Bos

  Let me acknowledge first off that I have made mistakes, and that I have a backup for most but not all of the data on this RAID. I still have hope of recovering the rest of the data. I don't have the kind of money to take the drives to a recovery expert company. Mistake #0, not having a 100% backup. I know. I have a mdadm RAID5 system of 4x3TB. Drives /dev/sd[b-e], all with one partition /dev/sd[b-e]1. I'm aware that RAID5 on very large drives is risky, yet I did it anyway. Recent events The RAID become degraded after a two drive failure. One drive [/dev/sdc] is really gone, the other [/dev/sde] came back up after a power cycle, but was not automatically re-added to the RAID. So I was left with a 4 device RAID with only 2 active drives [/dev/sdb and /dev/sdd]. Mistake #1, not using dd copies of the drives for restoring the RAID. I did not have the drives or the time. Mistake #2, not making a backup of the superblock and mdadm -E of the remaining drives. Recovery attempt I reassembled the RAID in degraded mode with mdadm --assemble --force /dev/md0, using /dev/sd[bde]1. I could then access my data. I replaced /dev/sdc with a spare; empty; identical drive. I removed the old /dev/sdc1 from the RAID mdadm --fail /dev/md0 /dev/sdc1 Mistake #3, not doing this before replacing the drive I then partitioned the new /dev/sdc and added it to the RAID. mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sdc1 It then began to restore the RAID. ETA 300 mins. I followed the process via /proc/mdstat to 2% and then went to do other stuff. Checking the result Several hours (but less then 300 mins) later, I checked the process. It had stopped due to a read error on /dev/sde1. Here is where the trouble really starts I then removed /dev/sde1 from the RAID and re-added it. I can't remember why I did this; it was late. mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sde1 mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sde1 However, /dev/sde1 was now marked as spare. So I decided to recreate the whole array using --assume-clean using what I thought was the right order, and with /dev/sdc1 missing. mdadm --create /dev/md0 --assume-clean -l5 -n4 /dev/sdb1 missing /dev/sdd1 /dev/sde1 That worked, but the filesystem was not recognized while trying to mount. (It should have been EXT4). Device order I then checked a recent backup I had of /proc/mdstat, and I found the drive order. md0 : active raid5 sdb1[0] sde1[4] sdd1[2] sdc1[1] 8790402048 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/4] [UUUU] I then remembered this RAID had suffered a drive loss about a year ago, and recovered from it by replacing the faulty drive with a spare one. That may have scrambled the device order a bit...so there was no drive [3] but only [0],[1],[2], and [4]. I tried to find the drive order with the Permute_array script: https://raid.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Permute_array.pl but that did not find the right order. Questions I now have two main questions: I screwed up all the superblocks on the drives, but only gave: mdadm --create --assume-clean commands (so I should not have overwritten the data itself on /dev/sd[bde]1. Am I right that in theory the RAID can be restored [assuming for a moment that /dev/sde1 is ok] if I just find the right device order? Is it important that /dev/sde1 be given the device number [4] in the RAID? When I create it with mdadm --create /dev/md0 --assume-clean -l5 -n4 \ /dev/sdb1 missing /dev/sdd1 /dev/sde1 it is assigned the number [3]. I wonder if that is relevant to the calculation of the parity blocks. If it turns out to be important, how can I recreate the array with /dev/sdb1[0] missing[1] /dev/sdd1[2] /dev/sde1[4]? If I could get that to work I could start it in degraded mode and add the new drive /dev/sdc1 and let it resync again. It's OK if you would like to point out to me that this may not have been the best course of action, but you'll find that I realized this. It would be great if anyone has any suggestions.

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• Unable to load PHP5 with a new installation of Apache?

  - by Doug

  Cannot load /usr/lib/apache2/modules/libphp5.so into server: /usr/lib/apache2/modules/libphp5.so: undefined symbol: unixd_config I spent the last hour or so googling, and it seems that I have to create a new PHP5 after installing my new Apache (2.4.2). Debian didn't have Apache 2.4.2 and it's a requirement I was given. I still have the PHP 5.4.4 from Debian wheezy repository. I tried including it in the new Apache 2.4.2 that I installed, but it throws the error you see above. Is there a way to "reglue" everything? I was going to just install a fresh PHP, but I ran into some errors on ./configure, so I wanted to see if there were easier ways before I spend more time on installing a new copy.

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• Apache2 VirtualHost on Debian not working

  - by milo5b

  I am having some problems with Apache2 configuration. I have already tried to look for documentation on the web (Apache's site, Debian's site, here on serverfault, etc), but nothing really helps. I have tried different configurations, but my current configuration is the following (/etc/apache2/sites-available/default): <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName mysite.dev ServerAlias mysite.dev DocumentRoot /var/www/mysite.dev/httpdocs/ ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName livesite.com ServerAlias www.livesite.com DocumentRoot /var/www/livesite.com/httpdocs/ <Directory /var/www/livesite.com/httpdocs/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> mysite.dev it's just an entry in hosts file on my client machine, while livesite.com it's an actual DNS record which would resolve to the same IP as the IP set in hosts file for mysite.dev. The problem is that when i try to type mysite.dev in my browser, it would automatically go to livesite.com. I tried to have different /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/ files (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/mysite.dev , /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/livesite.com ) - and of course with the actual sites-available related files, but achieving the same results. I have tried to have a peak on error.log and access.log but there's nothing I can see. My httpd.conf contains: AccessFileName .htaccess And I have no /etc/apache2/conf.d/virtual.conf file. Any help would be greatly appreciated - if I did not provide enough info please let me know I will do my best to provide all necessary info. Thanks

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• How to install pip/easy_install on debian 6 for python3.2

  - by atomAltera

  I'm trying to install pip or setup tools form python 3.2 in debian 6. First case: apt-get install python3-pip...OK python3 easy_install.py webob Searching for webob Reading http://pypi.python.org/simple/webob/ Reading http://webob.org/ Reading http://pythonpaste.org/webob/ Best match: WebOb 1.2.2 Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/W/WebOb/WebOb-1.2.2.zip#md5=de0f371b46554709ce5b93c088a11cae Processing WebOb-1.2.2.zip Traceback (most recent call last): File "easy_install.py", line 5, in <module> main() File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1931, in main with_ei_usage(lambda: File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1912, in with_ei_usage return f() File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1935, in <lambda> distclass=DistributionWithoutHelpCommands, **kw File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup dist.run_commands() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/distutils/dist.py", line 917, in run_commands self.run_command(cmd) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/distutils/dist.py", line 936, in run_command cmd_obj.run() File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 368, in run self.easy_install(spec, not self.no_deps) File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 608, in easy_install return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps) File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 638, in install_item dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir) File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 799, in install_eggs unpack_archive(dist_filename, tmpdir, self.unpack_progress) File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/archive_util.py", line 67, in unpack_archive driver(filename, extract_dir, progress_filter) File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/archive_util.py", line 154, in unpack_zipfile data = z.read(info.filename) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/zipfile.py", line 891, in read with self.open(name, "r", pwd) as fp: File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/zipfile.py", line 980, in open close_fileobj=not self._filePassed) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/zipfile.py", line 489, in __init__ self._decompressor = zlib.decompressobj(-15) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'decompressobj' Second case: from http://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute#installation-instructions python3 distribute_setup.py Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/distribute/distribute-0.6.28.tar.gz Extracting in /tmp/tmpv6iei2 Traceback (most recent call last): File "distribute_setup.py", line 515, in <module> main(sys.argv[1:]) File "distribute_setup.py", line 511, in main _install(tarball, _build_install_args(argv)) File "distribute_setup.py", line 73, in _install tar = tarfile.open(tarball) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/tarfile.py", line 1746, in open raise ReadError("file could not be opened successfully") tarfile.ReadError: file could not be opened successfully Third case: from http://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute#installation-instructions tar -xzvf distribute-0.6.28.tar.gz cd distribute-0.6.28 python3 setup.py install Before install bootstrap. Scanning installed packages No setuptools distribution found running install running bdist_egg running egg_info writing distribute.egg-info/PKG-INFO writing top-level names to distribute.egg-info/top_level.txt writing dependency_links to distribute.egg-info/dependency_links.txt writing entry points to distribute.egg-info/entry_points.txt reading manifest file 'distribute.egg-info/SOURCES.txt' reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in' writing manifest file 'distribute.egg-info/SOURCES.txt' installing library code to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg running install_lib running build_py copying distribute.egg-info/PKG-INFO -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO copying distribute.egg-info/SOURCES.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO copying distribute.egg-info/dependency_links.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO copying distribute.egg-info/entry_points.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO copying distribute.egg-info/top_level.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO creating 'dist/distribute-0.6.28-py3.2.egg' and adding 'build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg' to it Traceback (most recent call last): File "setup.py", line 220, in <module> scripts = scripts, File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup dist.run_commands() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/distutils/dist.py", line 917, in run_commands self.run_command(cmd) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/distutils/dist.py", line 936, in run_command cmd_obj.run() File "build/src/setuptools/command/install.py", line 73, in run self.do_egg_install() File "build/src/setuptools/command/install.py", line 93, in do_egg_install self.run_command('bdist_egg') File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command self.distribution.run_command(command) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/distutils/dist.py", line 936, in run_command cmd_obj.run() File "build/src/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 241, in run dry_run=self.dry_run, mode=self.gen_header()) File "build/src/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 542, in make_zipfile z = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_filename, mode, compression=compression) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/zipfile.py", line 689, in __init__ "Compression requires the (missing) zlib module") RuntimeError: Compression requires the (missing) zlib module zlib1g-dev installed Help me please

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• Debian 6 Internet connection sharing aka IP masquerade not working

  - by Rautamiekka

  The problem: the computers [Xbox 360 and a Kubuntu 12.04.1 laptop] can't access Internet through a recently-installed desktopless Debian 6 laptop (which is wirelessly connected to a WLAN station) but addresses are successfully given by dnsmasq. The attempts: 1.1) /etc/dnsmaq.conf conffed according to http://wiki.debian.org/HowTo/dnsmasq: add lines interface=eth0 dhcp-range=192.168.0.50,192.168.0.150,255.255.255.0,12h 1.2) Follow http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/rhel-fedora-linux-internet-connection-sharing-howto/ and use their script to setup iptables. 2) Follow the Ubuntu Internet Gateway Method (iptables) at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Internet/ConnectionSharing recommended and which worked at Share internet in Linux. The Debian laptop was rebooted many times and between each attempt, with and without the script auto-executing via /etc/rc.local. While adding the iptables-restore command to that file I disabled the script.

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• Installing gitlab on Debian 6.0.5

  - by helmus

  I am using following directions in an attempt to install gitlab on Debian 6.0.5 https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/blob/stable/doc/installation.md I am getting an error when i'm running following command sudo -u gitlab bundle exec rake gitlab:app:setup RAILS_ENV=production WARNING: #<ArgumentError: Illformed requirement ["#<Syck::DefaultKey:0x00000004b52198> 1.1.4"]> # -*- encoding: utf-8 -*- Gem::Specification.new do |s| s.name = %q{carrierwave} s.version = "0.6.2" s.required_rubygems_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 0") if s.respond_to? :required_rubygems_version= s.authors = ["Jonas Nicklas"] ....more error.... s.add_dependency(%q<mini_magick>, [">= 0"]) s.add_dependency(%q<rmagick>, [">= 0"]) end end WARNING: Invalid .gemspec format in '/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/specifications/carrierwave-0.6.2.gemspec' Could not locate Gemfile Some pointers to what could cause this would be much appreciated, i have only little experience with RoR and it seems to be related to that.

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• Debian Testing install USB menu does not respond to keyboard

  - by neurolysis

  I'm trying to install Debian Testing onto my Acer Aspire One ZG5 using the testing versions of boot.img and debian-testing-i386-CD-1.iso. I previously installed (two days ago) the latest release of stable, and the boot.img/CD1 from that worked fine, and installed seamlessly. With testing though, the menu does not respond to the keyboard as soon as the menu appears to select Install/Graphical install/Help, etc. I have also tried to boot with an external (USB) keyboard, which again, works fine with the stable version of boot.img/CD1, but not testing. I did some searching and couldn't find anything that looked similar. Any ideas?

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• Startup Disk Creator tool for Debian

  - by user61954

  I was trying to create a USB bootable in Debian to install my new system. I couldnt find any easy to use tool in Debian. I tried downloading the hybrid iso image from the Debian site and copied it to the USB using the dd command as said in Debian site. But it didnt boot. Next I used the Startup Disk Creator tool in Ubuntu and it worked like a charm. Is there any similar tool in Debian? I know that there is Unetbootin but its difficult to install

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• Why does unpartitioned Hitachi HDS5C3020 drive start consuming 50% more power 15 minutes after boot?

  - by Pro Backup

  In a Debian 6.0.6 system there are 74 pieces of 2TB Toshiba DT01ABA200 drives. These drives are identified as Hitachi HDS5C3020BLE630 drives running firmware revision MZ4OAAB0. 64 Drives attached via HP SAS expander cards to an LSI 2008 SAS controller, another 5 drives are connected directly to the mainboard, 4 drives are connected to a Sil based PCI controller and last 1 drive is only powered and has no data cable connected. The controller LSI and Sil card's their onboard BIOS are both disabled and the mpt2sas and sata_sil modules are removed from the Linux debian 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Sep 23 10:07:46 UTC 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux kernel. The mpt2sas module is loaded after boot using a modprobe command in /etc/rc.local. These 74 drives are not partitioned, neither formatted and also not mounted. The system consumes: with 0 drives: 70.6 - 70.9 Watt (also 15 minutes after boot); with 74 drives: 330 - 360 Watt, just after boot (is equivalent to 3.5 - 3.9W per drive in idle state); with 74 drives: 420 - 466 Watt, each time in the 15th minute of uptime (is equivalent to 4.7 - 5.3W per drive in idle state). The drive specification lists 4.7W as read/write, and 3.3W as idle power consumption. The increased power consumption is most likely on the 5V line, because after roughly 1 minute an "over current protection" (OCP) of the power supply (PSU) shuts down the power. The used PSU is a single rail model with an OCP of 122A on the 12V line and 55A on the 5V line. Regression: It doesn't matter whether the drive its APM value is set to disabled or 1 (maximum power saving). The operating system records no read/write activity in /proc/diskstats. The values there are identical (28 read, 0 write operations) as immediately after the modprobe operation. Can't test what happens when booting into the mainboard it's BIOS - to exclude any OS intervention - because the Super Micro X8SI6-F mainboard running firmware 06/27/12 has a bug that incorrectly reads a +74.0 C CPU sensor temperature as "High" in BIOS mode, and shuts down the power after 1 minute. What might be causing the drive read/write activity on all drives in the 15th minute after boot and how to prevent it from happening?

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• Why is syslog so much slower than file IO?

  - by ceving

  I wrote a simple test program to measure the performance of the syslog function. This are the results of my test system: (Debian 6.0.2 with Linux 2.6.32-5-amd64) Test Case Calls Payload Duration Thoughput [] [MB] [s] [MB/s] -------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- syslog 200000 10.00 7.81 1.28 syslog %s 200000 10.00 9.94 1.01 write /dev/null 200000 10.00 0.03 343.93 printf %s 200000 10.00 0.13 76.29 The test program did 200000 system calls writing 50 Bytes of data during each call. Why is Syslog more than ten times slower than file IO? This is the program I used to perform the test: #include <fcntl.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/time.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <syslog.h> #include <unistd.h> const int iter = 200000; const char msg[] = "123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789"; struct timeval t0; struct timeval t1; void start () { gettimeofday (&t0, (void*)0); } void stop () { gettimeofday (&t1, (void*)0); } void report (char *action) { double dt = (double)t1.tv_sec - (double)t0.tv_sec + 1e-6 * ((double)t1.tv_usec - (double)t0.tv_usec); double mb = 1e-6 * sizeof (msg) * iter; if (action == NULL) printf ("Test Case Calls Payload Duration Thoughput \n" " [] [MB] [s] [MB/s] \n" "-------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------\n"); else { if (strlen (action) > 20) action[20] = 0; printf ("%-20s %-10d %-10.2f %-10.2f %-10.2f\n", action, iter, mb, dt, mb / dt); } } void test_syslog () { int i; openlog ("test_syslog", LOG_PID | LOG_NDELAY, LOG_LOCAL0); start (); for (i = 0; i < iter; i++) syslog (LOG_DEBUG, msg); stop (); closelog (); report ("syslog"); } void test_syslog_format () { int i; openlog ("test_syslog", LOG_PID | LOG_NDELAY, LOG_LOCAL0); start (); for (i = 0; i < iter; i++) syslog (LOG_DEBUG, "%s", msg); stop (); closelog (); report ("syslog %s"); } void test_write_devnull () { int i, fd; fd = open ("/dev/null", O_WRONLY); start (); for (i = 0; i < iter; i++) write (fd, msg, sizeof(msg)); stop (); close (fd); report ("write /dev/null"); } void test_printf () { int i; FILE *fp; fp = fopen ("/tmp/test_printf", "w"); start (); for (i = 0; i < iter; i++) fprintf (fp, "%s", msg); stop (); fclose (fp); report ("printf %s"); } int main (int argc, char **argv) { report (NULL); test_syslog (); test_syslog_format (); test_write_devnull (); test_printf (); }

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