kind - Page 500 - Developer IT

Apache server still running but user can not connect website, after "sudo apachectl restart" user can connect website, what'r wrong? [on hold]

- by Tinyfool

My website is http://ourcoders.com/, recently I found sometime user report can not connect to my website, but I ssh to server, I found Apache still running, like this: root@AY1401261057077842eaZ:~# ps aux|grep apache root 873 0.0 1.3 290496 13528 ? Ss Aug18 0:28 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 3490 0.0 1.8 299004 18764 ? S Aug21 0:01 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 3612 0.0 1.5 296008 15540 ? S Aug21 0:03 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 3860 0.0 1.5 296636 16268 ? S Aug21 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 3913 0.0 1.2 295468 13084 ? S Aug21 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 3931 0.0 1.7 298488 18228 ? S 16:02 0:01 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 3938 0.0 1.9 299128 19724 ? S 16:02 0:02 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 4465 0.0 1.6 296688 16404 ? S Aug21 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 5075 0.0 1.2 295468 13044 ? S 16:16 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 5153 0.0 1.5 295880 15612 ? S 16:17 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 5770 0.0 1.5 296608 16016 ? S 16:30 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 5773 0.0 1.6 296948 16640 ? S 16:30 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 5816 0.0 1.6 297216 16976 ? S 16:31 0:01 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 5918 0.0 1.7 298228 17820 ? S 16:33 0:01 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 6023 0.0 1.9 299864 19840 ? S 16:35 0:13 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 6073 0.0 1.7 298480 18120 ? S 16:36 0:02 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 6088 0.0 2.0 300488 21008 ? S 16:36 0:12 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 6114 0.0 1.7 298548 18268 ? S 16:37 0:12 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 6134 0.0 1.6 296688 16532 ? S 16:37 0:04 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 6193 0.0 1.7 297908 17420 ? S 16:38 0:08 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 6821 0.0 1.8 299556 19072 ? S 16:43 0:11 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 7058 0.0 1.7 298676 18204 ? S 16:48 0:10 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 7065 0.0 1.8 299028 18868 ? S 16:48 0:11 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 7084 0.0 1.8 299508 19020 ? S 16:48 0:11 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 7221 0.0 1.8 299160 18768 ? S 16:51 0:09 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 11453 0.0 1.7 298484 18256 ? S 09:39 0:02 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start root 26324 0.0 0.0 8084 920 pts/0 S+ 22:52 0:00 grep --color=auto apache root 28517 0.0 0.0 4404 612 ? S Aug21 0:00 /bin/sh -c /usr/sbin/cronolog /var/log/apache2/cocoa/%Y/%m/access-%Y-%m-%d.log root 28518 0.0 0.0 4404 616 ? S Aug21 0:00 /bin/sh -c /usr/sbin/cronolog /var/log/apache2/cocoa/%Y/%m/access-%Y-%m-%d.log root 28519 0.0 0.0 4404 612 ? S Aug21 0:00 /bin/sh -c /usr/sbin/cronolog /var/log/apache2/cocoa/%Y/%m/access-%Y-%m-%d.log root 28520 0.0 0.0 4404 616 ? S Aug21 0:00 /bin/sh -c /usr/sbin/cronolog /var/log/apache2/cocoa/%Y/%m/access-%Y-%m-%d.log root 28521 0.0 0.0 4312 552 ? S Aug21 0:00 /usr/sbin/cronolog /var/log/apache2/cocoa/%Y/%m/access-%Y-%m-%d.log root 28522 0.0 0.0 4308 548 ? S Aug21 0:07 /usr/sbin/cronolog /var/log/apache2/cocoa/%Y/%m/access-%Y-%m-%d.log root 28523 0.0 0.0 4176 352 ? S Aug21 0:00 /usr/sbin/cronolog /var/log/apache2/cocoa/%Y/%m/access-%Y-%m-%d.log root 28524 0.0 0.0 4180 356 ? S Aug21 0:00 /usr/sbin/cronolog /var/log/apache2/cocoa/%Y/%m/access-%Y-%m-%d.log Today's only error log is blow. [Sat Aug 23 22:52:47 2014] [notice] SIGHUP received. Attempting to restart [Sat Aug 23 22:52:47 2014] [notice] Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13 with Suhosin-Patch configured -- resuming normal operations traffic information: cat access-2014-08-23.log | cut -d " " -f4 |cut -d":" -f2 |sort|uniq -c |sort -nr 5692 14 5291 15 5083 16 4723 23 4463 12 4057 17 4011 11 3926 13 3852 10 3187 05 3176 09 3055 06 2790 07 2672 00 2608 02 2591 01 2577 04 2514 03 2497 08 707 22 88 18 After I use "sudo apachectl restart", user can connect my website. So I want to know? What is the problem? And if "sudo apachectl restart" is needed, can I automate run this command? Today this kind struts appear again, and I run netstat -a -n Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 125.39.208.120:50708 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 125.39.208.158:50278 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 220.173.142.152:23320 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 60.173.247.132:52851 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 125.39.208.158:39397 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 125.39.208.158:56894 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 183.129.174.2:21291 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 125.39.208.120:44499 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 125.39.208.120:34017 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 124.65.50.210:3774 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:15770 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 14.127.65.219:61633 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 305 0 115.28.146.116:80 125.39.208.120:37593 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52866 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52873 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52868 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 343 0 115.28.146.116:80 182.118.20.215:50709 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:54784 173.194.127.243:80 ESTABLISHED tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 116.192.2.185:41253 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52876 10.146.6.61:3306 ESTABLISHED tcp 559 0 115.28.146.116:80 218.241.144.114:54501 ESTABLISHED tcp 376 0 115.28.146.116:80 116.213.196.119:50604 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59339 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 214 0 115.28.146.116:80 142.4.215.40:34443 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:48635 115.28.146.116:80 ESTABLISHED tcp 187 0 115.28.146.116:80 115.28.146.116:48635 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52853 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 594 0 115.28.146.116:80 183.129.174.2:7090 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52874 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 182.118.20.166:44081 TIME_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59028 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 14.127.65.219:61665 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52860 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:46983 10.146.6.61:3306 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 2290 115.28.146.116:80 14.154.179.243:41049 FIN_WAIT1 tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:42900 10.146.6.61:3306 ESTABLISHED tcp 571 0 115.28.146.116:80 220.173.142.152:23295 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59337 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 438 0 115.28.146.116:80 42.120.74.202:31567 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59498 ESTABLISHED tcp 259 0 115.28.146.116:80 66.249.65.56:36739 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59341 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 142.4.215.40:34267 FIN_WAIT2 tcp 799 0 115.28.146.116:80 180.173.88.1:52779 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 117.136.25.132:25207 FIN_WAIT2 tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 220.181.108.186:42540 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:59902 10.242.174.13:80 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 1820 115.28.146.116:80 218.22.140.90:39266 LAST_ACK tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 66.249.65.64:56977 TIME_WAIT tcp 669 0 115.28.146.116:80 83.251.90.61:49664 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52872 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 233 0 115.28.146.116:80 54.202.88.0:43398 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 479 0 115.28.146.116:80 65.49.44.149:25739 ESTABLISHED tcp 378 0 115.28.146.116:80 148.251.124.173:39313 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 14.127.65.219:61697 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 49.4.158.2:52986 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 769 0 115.28.146.116:80 14.127.65.219:61537 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52859 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:55734 10.164.2.163:9200 TIME_WAIT tcp 563 0 115.28.146.116:80 202.55.20.10:22577 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 194 0 115.28.146.116:80 37.58.100.165:50908 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 791 0 115.28.146.116:80 116.192.2.185:45628 ESTABLISHED tcp 709 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.116.61.178:65209 ESTABLISHED tcp 706 0 115.28.146.116:80 183.227.44.237:54519 ESTABLISHED tcp 301 0 115.28.146.116:80 118.198.243.127:31180 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:55721 10.164.2.163:9200 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:55726 10.164.2.163:9200 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:55723 10.164.2.163:9200 TIME_WAIT tcp 681 0 115.28.146.116:80 83.251.90.61:49662 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 83.251.90.61:65274 TIME_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59022 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 180.173.88.1:52781 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59037 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:55728 10.164.2.163:9200 TIME_WAIT tcp 231 0 115.28.146.116:37596 110.75.102.62:80 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 14.127.65.219:61569 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:51310 10.146.6.61:3306 ESTABLISHED tcp 299 0 115.28.146.116:80 123.125.71.16:36281 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:48620 115.28.146.116:80 ESTABLISHED tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 183.227.44.237:54520 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59026 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 479 0 115.28.146.116:80 65.49.44.149:5490 ESTABLISHED tcp 665 0 115.28.146.116:80 83.251.90.61:49663 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:53744 173.194.127.147:80 ESTABLISHED tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59023 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:22 116.192.2.185:34205 ESTABLISHED tcp 333 0 115.28.146.116:80 149.174.113.111:54338 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52861 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52863 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 116.192.2.185:43272 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 767 0 115.28.146.116:80 49.4.158.2:52947 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 668 0 115.28.146.116:80 83.251.90.61:49665 ESTABLISHED tcp 642 0 115.28.146.116:80 222.78.185.50:55788 ESTABLISHED tcp 710 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.116.61.178:65264 ESTABLISHED tcp 284 0 115.28.146.116:80 157.55.39.243:65185 ESTABLISHED tcp 450 0 115.28.146.116:80 65.49.44.149:55496 ESTABLISHED tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 116.192.2.185:36629 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 233 0 115.28.146.116:80 54.202.88.0:42424 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 187 0 115.28.146.116:80 115.28.146.116:48620 ESTABLISHED tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 14.127.65.219:61601 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 776 0 115.28.146.116:80 202.118.253.102:64883 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 841 0 115.28.146.116:80 37.228.105.28:49472 ESTABLISHED tcp 787 0 115.28.146.116:80 112.65.226.198:52192 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:55717 10.164.2.163:9200 TIME_WAIT tcp 233 0 115.28.146.116:80 54.202.88.0:42855 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 379 0 115.28.146.116:80 101.226.166.219:2322 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:80 183.60.212.152:43063 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 180.173.88.1:52780 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 784 0 115.28.146.116:80 101.95.29.26:63094 ESTABLISHED tcp 463 0 115.28.146.116:80 65.49.44.149:53876 ESTABLISHED tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 116.192.2.185:37946 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 479 0 115.28.146.116:80 65.49.44.149:41157 ESTABLISHED tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59036 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 49.4.158.2:52984 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 116.192.2.185:38100 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52865 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59027 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:36508 173.194.127.81:80 ESTABLISHED tcp 210 0 115.28.146.116:80 188.143.232.123:47775 ESTABLISHED tcp 1 0 115.28.146.116:80 113.36.238.28:59025 CLOSE_WAIT tcp 0 0 10.144.142.201:52857 10.146.6.61:3306 TIME_WAIT tcp 654 0 115.28.146.116:80 49.4.158.2:52985 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 115.28.146.116:58627 110.75.102.62:80 ESTABLISHED tcp 782 0 115.28.146.116:80 180.153.219.13:40293 ESTABLISHED tcp 792 0 115.28.146.116:80 116.192.2.185:48187 CLOSE_WAIT tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN udp 0 0 115.28.146.116:123 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 10.144.142.201:123 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:123 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:123 0.0.0.0:* udp6 0 0 :::123 :::* Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 8447 /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock unix 2 [ ACC ] SEQPACKET LISTENING 6678 /run/udev/control unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6482 @/com/ubuntu/upstart unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 7543 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket unix 7 [ ] DGRAM 7551 /dev/log unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 7650 /var/run/nscd/socket unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 7156424 unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 7156137 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 7156136 unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 7156135 unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 7155834 unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 9734 unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 9151 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 9150 unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 9136 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 9135 unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 9106 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 9105 unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 9073 unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 7575 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 7574 unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 7565 unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 7564 unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 7332 @/com/ubuntu/upstart unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 7330 unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 6712 unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 6711 unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 6662 @/com/ubuntu/upstart unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 6635

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WordPress not resizing images with Nginx + php-fpm and other issues

- by Julian Fernandes

Recently i setup a Ubuntu 12.04 VPS with 512mb/1ghz CPU, Nginx + php-fpm + Varnish + APC + Percona's MySQL server + CloudFlare Pro for our Ubuntu LoCo Team's WordPress blog. The blog get about 3~4k daily hits, use about 180MB and 8~20% CPU. Everything seems to be working insanely fast... page load is really good and is about 16x faster than any of our competitors... but there is one problem. When we upload a image, WordPress don't resize it, so all we can do it insert the full image in the post. If the imagem have, let's say, 30kb, it resize fine... but if the image have 100kb+, it won't... In nginx error logs i see this: upstream timed out (110: Connection timed out) while reading response header from upstream, client: 150.162.216.64, server: www.ubuntubrsc.com, request: "POST /wp-admin/async-upload.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock:", host: "www.ubuntubrsc.com", referrer: "http://www.ubuntubrsc.com/wp-admin/media-upload.php?post_id=2668&" It seems to be related with the issue, but i dunno. When that timeout happens, i started to get it when i'm trying to view a post too: upstream timed out (110: Connection timed out) while reading response header from upstream, client: 150.162.216.64, server: www.ubuntubrsc.com, request: "GET /tutoriais-gimp-6-adicionando-aplicando-novos-pinceis.html HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock:", host: "www.ubuntubrsc.com", referrer: "http://www.ubuntubrsc.com/" And only a restart of php5-fpm fix it. I tryed increasing some timeouts and stuffs but it did not worked, so i guess it's some kind of limitation i did not figured yet. Could someone help me with it, please? /etc/nginx/nginx.conf: user www-data; worker_processes 1; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; use epoll; multi_accept on; } http { ## # Basic Settings ## sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay off; keepalive_timeout 15; keepalive_requests 2000; types_hash_max_size 2048; server_tokens off; server_name_in_redirect off; open_file_cache max=1000 inactive=300s; open_file_cache_valid 360s; open_file_cache_min_uses 2; open_file_cache_errors off; server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; client_body_buffer_size 128K; client_header_buffer_size 1k; client_max_body_size 2m; large_client_header_buffers 4 8k; client_body_timeout 10m; client_header_timeout 10m; send_timeout 10m; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # Logging Settings ## error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; access_log off; ## # CloudFlare's IPs (uncomment when site goes live) ## set_real_ip_from 204.93.240.0/24; set_real_ip_from 204.93.177.0/24; set_real_ip_from 199.27.128.0/21; set_real_ip_from 173.245.48.0/20; set_real_ip_from 103.22.200.0/22; set_real_ip_from 141.101.64.0/18; set_real_ip_from 108.162.192.0/18; set_real_ip_from 190.93.240.0/20; real_ip_header CF-Connecting-IP; set_real_ip_from 127.0.0.1/32; ## # Gzip Settings ## gzip on; gzip_disable "msie6"; gzip_vary on; gzip_proxied any; gzip_comp_level 9; gzip_min_length 1000; gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth; gzip_buffers 32 8k; # gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; ## # nginx-naxsi config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-naxsi ## #include /etc/nginx/naxsi_core.rules; ## # nginx-passenger config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-passenger ## #passenger_root /usr; #passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby; ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params: fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $request_filename; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; fastcgi_param HTTPS $https; fastcgi_send_timeout 180; fastcgi_read_timeout 180; fastcgi_buffer_size 128k; fastcgi_buffers 256 4k; # PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200; /etc/nginx/sites-avaiable/default: ## # DEFAULT HANDLER # ubuntubrsc.com ## server { listen 8080; # Make site available from main domain server_name www.ubuntubrsc.com; # Root directory root /var/www; index index.php index.html index.htm; include /var/www/nginx.conf; access_log off; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?q=$uri&$args; } location = /favicon.ico { log_not_found off; access_log off; } location = /robots.txt { allow all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } location ~ /\. { deny all; access_log off; log_not_found off; } location ~* ^/wp-content/uploads/.*.php$ { deny all; access_log off; log_not_found off; } rewrite /wp-admin$ $scheme://$host$uri/ permanent; error_page 404 = @wordpress; log_not_found off; location @wordpress { include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME /index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root/index.php; } location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; if (-f $request_filename) { fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; } } } server { listen 8080; server_name ubuntubrsc.* www.ubuntubrsc.net www.ubuntubrsc.org www.ubuntubrsc.com.br www.ubuntubrsc.info www.ubuntubrsc.in; return 301 $scheme://www.ubuntubrsc.com$request_uri; } /var/www/nginx.conf: # BEGIN W3TC Minify cache location ~ /wp-content/w3tc/min.*\.js$ { types {} default_type application/x-javascript; expires modified 31536000s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.5b"; add_header Vary "Accept-Encoding"; add_header Pragma "public"; add_header Cache-Control "max-age=31536000, public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"; } location ~ /wp-content/w3tc/min.*\.css$ { types {} default_type text/css; expires modified 31536000s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.5b"; add_header Vary "Accept-Encoding"; add_header Pragma "public"; add_header Cache-Control "max-age=31536000, public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"; } location ~ /wp-content/w3tc/min.*js\.gzip$ { gzip off; types {} default_type application/x-javascript; expires modified 31536000s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.5b"; add_header Vary "Accept-Encoding"; add_header Pragma "public"; add_header Cache-Control "max-age=31536000, public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"; add_header Content-Encoding gzip; } location ~ /wp-content/w3tc/min.*css\.gzip$ { gzip off; types {} default_type text/css; expires modified 31536000s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.5b"; add_header Vary "Accept-Encoding"; add_header Pragma "public"; add_header Cache-Control "max-age=31536000, public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"; add_header Content-Encoding gzip; } # END W3TC Minify cache # BEGIN W3TC Browser Cache gzip on; gzip_types text/css application/x-javascript text/x-component text/richtext image/svg+xml text/plain text/xsd text/xsl text/xml image/x-icon; location ~ \.(css|js|htc)$ { expires 31536000s; add_header Pragma "public"; add_header Cache-Control "max-age=31536000, public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.5b"; } location ~ \.(html|htm|rtf|rtx|svg|svgz|txt|xsd|xsl|xml)$ { expires 3600s; add_header Pragma "public"; add_header Cache-Control "max-age=3600, public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.5b"; try_files $uri $uri/ $uri.html /index.php?$args; } location ~ \.(asf|asx|wax|wmv|wmx|avi|bmp|class|divx|doc|docx|eot|exe|gif|gz|gzip|ico|jpg|jpeg|jpe|mdb|mid|midi|mov|qt|mp3|m4a|mp4|m4v|mpeg|mpg|mpe|mpp|otf|odb|odc|odf|odg|odp|ods|odt|ogg|pdf|png|pot|pps|ppt|pptx|ra|ram|svg|svgz|swf|tar|tif|tiff|ttf|ttc|wav|wma|wri|xla|xls|xlsx|xlt|xlw|zip)$ { expires 31536000s; add_header Pragma "public"; add_header Cache-Control "max-age=31536000, public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.5b"; } # END W3TC Browser Cache # BEGIN W3TC Minify core rewrite ^/wp-content/w3tc/min/w3tc_rewrite_test$ /wp-content/w3tc/min/index.php?w3tc_rewrite_test=1 last; set $w3tc_enc ""; if ($http_accept_encoding ~ gzip) { set $w3tc_enc .gzip; } if (-f $request_filename$w3tc_enc) { rewrite (.*) $1$w3tc_enc break; } rewrite ^/wp-content/w3tc/min/(.+\.(css|js))$ /wp-content/w3tc/min/index.php?file=$1 last; # END W3TC Minify core # BEGIN W3TC Skip 404 error handling by WordPress for static files if (-f $request_filename) { break; } if (-d $request_filename) { break; } if ($request_uri ~ "(robots\.txt|sitemap(_index)?\.xml(\.gz)?|[a-z0-9_\-]+-sitemap([0-9]+)?\.xml(\.gz)?)") { break; } if ($request_uri ~* \.(css|js|htc|htm|rtf|rtx|svg|svgz|txt|xsd|xsl|xml|asf|asx|wax|wmv|wmx|avi|bmp|class|divx|doc|docx|eot|exe|gif|gz|gzip|ico|jpg|jpeg|jpe|mdb|mid|midi|mov|qt|mp3|m4a|mp4|m4v|mpeg|mpg|mpe|mpp|otf|odb|odc|odf|odg|odp|ods|odt|ogg|pdf|png|pot|pps|ppt|pptx|ra|ram|svg|svgz|swf|tar|tif|tiff|ttf|ttc|wav|wma|wri|xla|xls|xlsx|xlt|xlw|zip)$) { return 404; } # END W3TC Skip 404 error handling by WordPress for static files # BEGIN Better WP Security location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } location ~ wp-config.php { deny all; } location ~ readme.html { deny all; } location ~ readme.txt { deny all; } location ~ /install.php { deny all; } set $susquery 0; set $rule_2 0; set $rule_3 0; rewrite ^wp-includes/(.*).php /not_found last; rewrite ^/wp-admin/includes(.*)$ /not_found last; if ($request_method ~* "^(TRACE|DELETE|TRACK)"){ return 403; } set $rule_0 0; if ($request_method ~ "POST"){ set $rule_0 1; } if ($uri ~ "^(.*)wp-comments-post.php*"){ set $rule_0 2$rule_0; } if ($http_user_agent ~ "^$"){ set $rule_0 4$rule_0; } if ($rule_0 = "421"){ return 403; } if ($args ~* "\.\./") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "boot.ini") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "tag=") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "ftp:") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "http:") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "https:") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "(<|%3C).*script.*(>|%3E)") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "mosConfig_[a-zA-Z_]{1,21}(=|%3D)") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "base64_encode") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "(%24&x)") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "(\[|\]|$|$|<|>|ê|\"|;|\?|\*|=$)"){ set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "("|'|<|>|\|{|||%24&x)"){ set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "(%0|%A|%B|%C|%D|%E|%F|127.0)") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "(globals|encode|localhost|loopback)") { set $susquery 1; } if ($args ~* "(request|select|insert|concat|union|declare)") { set $susquery 1; } if ($http_cookie !~* "wordpress_logged_in_" ) { set $susquery "${susquery}2"; set $rule_2 1; set $rule_3 1; } if ($susquery = 12) { return 403; } # END Better WP Security /etc/php5/fpm/php-fpm.conf: pid = /var/run/php5-fpm.pid error_log = /var/log/php5-fpm.log emergency_restart_threshold = 3 emergency_restart_interval = 1m process_control_timeout = 10s events.mechanism = epoll /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini (only options i changed): open_basedir ="/var/www/" disable_functions = pcntl_alarm,pcntl_fork,pcntl_waitpid,pcntl_wait,pcntl_wifexited,pcntl_wifstopped,pcntl_wifsignaled,pcntl_wexitstatus,pcntl_wtermsig,pcntl_wstopsig,pcntl_signal,pcntl_signal_dispatch,pcntl_get_last_error,pcntl_strerror,pcntl_sigprocmask,pcntl_sigwaitinfo,pcntl_sigtimedwait,pcntl_exec,pcntl_getpriority,pcntl_setpriority,dl,system,shell_exec,fsockopen,parse_ini_file,passthru,popen,proc_open,proc_close,shell_exec,show_source,symlink,proc_close,proc_get_status,proc_nice,proc_open,proc_terminate,shell_exec ,highlight_file,escapeshellcmd,define_syslog_variables,posix_uname,posix_getpwuid,apache_child_terminate,posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,escapeshellarg,posix_uname,ftp_exec,ftp_connect,ftp_login,ftp_get,ftp_put,ftp_nb_fput,ftp_raw,ftp_rawlist,ini_alter,ini_restore,inject_code,syslog,openlog,define_syslog_variables,apache_setenv,mysql_pconnect,eval,phpAds_XmlRpc,phpA ds_remoteInfo,phpAds_xmlrpcEncode,phpAds_xmlrpcDecode,xmlrpc_entity_decode,fp,fput,virtual,show_source,pclose,readfile,wget expose_php = off max_execution_time = 30 max_input_time = 60 memory_limit = 128M display_errors = Off post_max_size = 2M allow_url_fopen = off default_socket_timeout = 60 APC settings: [APC] apc.enabled = 1 apc.shm_segments = 1 apc.shm_size = 64M apc.optimization = 0 apc.num_files_hint = 4096 apc.ttl = 60 apc.user_ttl = 7200 apc.gc_ttl = 0 apc.cache_by_default = 1 apc.filters = "" apc.mmap_file_mask = "/tmp/apc.XXXXXX" apc.slam_defense = 0 apc.file_update_protection = 2 apc.enable_cli = 0 apc.max_file_size = 10M apc.stat = 1 apc.write_lock = 1 apc.report_autofilter = 0 apc.include_once_override = 0 apc.localcache = 0 apc.localcache.size = 512 apc.coredump_unmap = 0 apc.stat_ctime = 0 /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf user = www-data group = www-data listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock listen.owner = www-data listen.group = www-data listen.mode = 0666 pm = ondemand pm.max_children = 5 pm.process_idle_timeout = 3s; pm.max_requests = 50 I also started to get 404 errors in front page if i use W3 Total Cache's Page Cache (Disk Enhanced). It worked fine untill somedays ago, and then, out of nowhere, it started to happen. Tonight i will disable my mobile plugin and activate only W3 Total Cache to see if it's a conflict with them... And to finish all this, i have been getting this error: PHP Warning: apc_store(): Unable to allocate memory for pool. in /var/www/wp-content/plugins/w3-total-cache/lib/W3/Cache/Apc.php on line 41 I already modifed my APC settings, but no sucess. So... could anyone help me with those issuees, please? Ooohh... if it helps, i instaled PHP like this: sudo apt-get install php5-fpm php5-suhosin php-apc php5-gd php5-imagick php5-curl And Nginx from the official PPA. Sorry for my bad english and thanks for your time people! (:

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Why do I get a connection error / timeout when using python suds to connect to Microsoft CRM?

- by Chris R

When I try to connect to an MS CRM web service using suds/python-ntlm, I am getting a timeout on requests. However, the code that I'm trying to replace -- which calls out to the cURL command line app to do the same call -- succeeds. Clearly something is different in the way that cURL is sending the command data, but I'll be damned if I know what the difference is. Below are the full details of the various calls. Anyone got any tips? Here's the code that is making the request, followed by the output. The cURL command code is below that, and its response follows. Hosts, users, and passwords have been changed to protect the innocent, of course. wsdl_url = 'https://client.service.host/MSCrmServices/2007/MetadataService.asmx?WSDL' username = r'domain\user.name' password = 'userpass' from suds.transport.https import WindowsHttpAuthenticated from suds.client import Client import logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO) logging.getLogger('suds.client').setLevel(logging.DEBUG) logging.getLogger('suds.transport').setLevel(logging.DEBUG) ntlmTransport = WindowsHttpAuthenticated(username=username, password=password) metadata_client = Client(wsdl_url, transport=ntlmTransport) request = metadata_client.factory.create('RetrieveAttributeRequest') request.MetadataId = '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000' request.EntityLogicalName = 'opportunity' request.LogicalName = 'new_typeofcontact' request.RetrieveAsIfPublished = 'false' attr = metadata_client.service.Execute(request) print attr Here's the output: DEBUG:suds.client:sending to (http://client.service.host/MSCrmServices/2007/MetadataService.asmx) message: <SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:ns0="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns1="http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/WebServices" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <SOAP-ENV:Header/> <ns0:Body> <ns1:Execute> <ns1:Request xsi:type="ns1:RetrieveAttributeRequest"> <ns1:MetadataId>00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000</ns1:MetadataId> <ns1:EntityLogicalName>opportunity</ns1:EntityLogicalName> <ns1:LogicalName>new_typeofcontact</ns1:LogicalName> <ns1:RetrieveAsIfPublished>false</ns1:RetrieveAsIfPublished> </ns1:Request> </ns1:Execute> </ns0:Body> </SOAP-ENV:Envelope> DEBUG:suds.client:headers = {'SOAPAction': u'"http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/WebServices/Execute"', 'Content-Type': 'text/xml'} DEBUG:suds.transport.http:sending: URL:http://client.service.host/MSCrmServices/2007/MetadataService.asmx HEADERS: {'SOAPAction': u'"http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/WebServices/Execute"', 'Content-Type': 'text/xml', 'Content-type': 'text/xml', 'Soapaction': u'"http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/WebServices/Execute"'} MESSAGE: <SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:ns0="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns1="http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/WebServices" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <SOAP-ENV:Header/> <ns0:Body> <ns1:Execute> <ns1:Request xsi:type="ns1:RetrieveAttributeRequest"> <ns1:MetadataId>00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000</ns1:MetadataId> <ns1:EntityLogicalName>opportunity</ns1:EntityLogicalName> <ns1:LogicalName>new_typeofcontact</ns1:LogicalName> <ns1:RetrieveAsIfPublished>false</ns1:RetrieveAsIfPublished> </ns1:Request> </ns1:Execute> </ns0:Body> </SOAP-ENV:Envelope> ERROR: An unexpected error occurred while tokenizing input The following traceback may be corrupted or invalid The error message is: ('EOF in multi-line statement', (16, 0)) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- URLError Traceback (most recent call last) /Users/crose/projects/2366/crm/<ipython console> in <module>() /var/folders/nb/nbJAzxR1HbOppPcs6xO+dE+++TY/-Tmp-/python-67186icm.py in <module>() 19 request.LogicalName = 'new_typeofcontact' 20 request.RetrieveAsIfPublished = 'false' 21 ---> 22 attr = metadata_client.service.Execute(request) 23 print attr /Users/crose/virtualenv/advanis/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/client.pyc in __call__(self, *args, **kwargs) 537 return (500, e) 538 else: --> 539 return client.invoke(args, kwargs) 540 541 def faults(self): /Users/crose/virtualenv/advanis/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/client.pyc in invoke(self, args, kwargs) 596 self.method.name, timer) 597 timer.start() --> 598 result = self.send(msg) 599 timer.stop() 600 metrics.log.debug( /Users/crose/virtualenv/advanis/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/client.pyc in send(self, msg) 621 request = Request(location, str(msg)) 622 request.headers = self.headers() --> 623 reply = transport.send(request) 624 if retxml: 625 result = reply.message /Users/crose/virtualenv/advanis/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/transport/https.pyc in send(self, request) 62 def send(self, request): 63 self.addcredentials(request) ---> 64 return HttpTransport.send(self, request) 65 66 def addcredentials(self, request): /Users/crose/virtualenv/advanis/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/transport/http.pyc in send(self, request) 75 request.headers.update(u2request.headers) 76 log.debug('sending:\n%s', request) ---> 77 fp = self.u2open(u2request) 78 self.getcookies(fp, u2request) 79 result = Reply(200, fp.headers.dict, fp.read()) /Users/crose/virtualenv/advanis/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/transport/http.pyc in u2open(self, u2request) 116 return url.open(u2request) 117 else: --> 118 return url.open(u2request, timeout=tm) 119 120 def u2opener(self): /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/urllib2.pyc in open(self, fullurl, data, timeout) 381 req = meth(req) 382 --> 383 response = self._open(req, data) 384 385 # post-process response /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/urllib2.pyc in _open(self, req, data) 399 protocol = req.get_type() 400 result = self._call_chain(self.handle_open, protocol, protocol + --> 401 '_open', req) 402 if result: 403 return result /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/urllib2.pyc in _call_chain(self, chain, kind, meth_name, *args) 359 func = getattr(handler, meth_name) 360 --> 361 result = func(*args) 362 if result is not None: 363 return result /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/urllib2.pyc in http_open(self, req) 1128 1129 def http_open(self, req): -> 1130 return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPConnection, req) 1131 1132 http_request = AbstractHTTPHandler.do_request_ /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/urllib2.pyc in do_open(self, http_class, req) 1103 r = h.getresponse() 1104 except socket.error, err: # XXX what error? -> 1105 raise URLError(err) 1106 1107 # Pick apart the HTTPResponse object to get the addinfourl URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 60] Operation timed out> The cURL command is: /opt/local/bin/curl --ntlm -u "domain\user.name:userpass" -k -d @- -A "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.2; SV1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.648; .NET CLR 3.5.21022; InfoPath.1)" -H "Connection: Keep-Alive" -H "Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8" -H "SOAPAction: http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/WebServices/Execute" https://client.service.host/MSCrmServices/2007/MetadataService.asmx The data that is piped to that cURL command: <soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <soap:Header> <CrmAuthenticationToken xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/WebServices"> <AuthenticationType xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/CoreTypes">0</AuthenticationType> <CrmTicket xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/CoreTypes"></CrmTicket> <OrganizationName xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/CoreTypes">CMIFS</OrganizationName> <CallerId xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/CoreTypes">00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000</CallerId> </CrmAuthenticationToken> </soap:Header> <soap:Body> <Execute xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/WebServices"> <Request xsi:type="RetrieveAttributeRequest"> <MetadataId>00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000</MetadataId> <EntityLogicalName>opportunity</EntityLogicalName> <LogicalName>new_typeofcontact</LogicalName> <RetrieveAsIfPublished>false</RetrieveAsIfPublished> </Request> </Execute> </soap:Body> </soap:Envelope> Here's the response: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <soap:Body> <ExecuteResponse xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/crm/2007/WebServices"> <Response xsi:type="RetrieveAttributeResponse"> <AttributeMetadata xsi:type="PicklistAttributeMetadata"> <MetadataId>101346cf-a6af-4eb4-a4bf-9c3c6bbd6582</MetadataId> <SchemaName>New_TypeofContact</SchemaName> <LogicalName>new_typeofcontact</LogicalName> <EntityLogicalName>opportunity</EntityLogicalName> <AttributeType> <Value>Picklist</Value> </AttributeType>  </AttributeMetadata> </Response> </ExecuteResponse> </soap:Body> </soap:Envelope>

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Cache Simulator in C

- by DuffDuff

Ok this is only my second question, and it's quite a doozy. It's for a school assignment, but no one (including the TAs) seems to be able to help me. It's kind of a tall order but I'm not sure where else to turn. Essentially the assignment was to make a cache simulator. This version is direct mapping and is actually only a small portion of the whole project, but if I can't even get this down I have no chance with other associativities. I'm posting my whole code because I don't want to make any assumptions about where the problem is. This is the test case: http://www.mediafire.com/?ty5dnihydnw And you run the following command: ./sims 512 direct 32 fifo wt pinatrace.out You're supposed to get: hits: 604037 misses 138349 writes: 239269 reads: 138349 But I get: Hits: 587148 Misses: 155222 Writes: 239261 Reads: 155222 If anyone could at least point me in the right direction it would be greatly appreciated. I've been stuck on this for about 12 hours. #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <math.h> struct myCache { int valid; char *tag; char *block; }; /* sim [-h] <cache size> <associativity> <block size> <replace alg> <write policy> <trace file> */ //God willing I come up with a better Hex to Bin convertion that maintains the beginning 0s... void hex2bin(char input[], char output[]) { int i; int a = 0; int b = 1; int c = 2; int d = 3; int x = 4; int size; size = strlen(input); for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { if (input[i] =='0') { output[i*x +a] = '0'; output[i*x +b] = '0'; output[i*x +c] = '0'; output[i*x +d] = '0'; } else if (input[i] =='1') { output[i*x +a] = '0'; output[i*x +b] = '0'; output[i*x +c] = '0'; output[i*x +d] = '1'; } else if (input[i] =='2') { output[i*x +a] = '0'; output[i*x +b] = '0'; output[i*x +c] = '1'; output[i*x +d] = '0'; } else if (input[i] =='3') { output[i*x +a] = '0'; output[i*x +b] = '0'; output[i*x +c] = '1'; output[i*x +d] = '1'; } else if (input[i] =='x') { output[i*x +a] = '0'; output[i*x +b] = '1'; output[i*x +c] = '0'; output[i*x +d] = '0'; } else if (input[i] =='5') { output[i*x +a] = '0'; output[i*x +b] = '1'; output[i*x +c] = '0'; output[i*x +d] = '1'; } else if (input[i] =='6') { output[i*x +a] = '0'; output[i*x +b] = '1'; output[i*x +c] = '1'; output[i*x +d] = '0'; } else if (input[i] =='7') { output[i*x +a] = '0'; output[i*x +b] = '1'; output[i*x +c] = '1'; output[i*x +d] = '1'; } else if (input[i] =='8') { output[i*x +a] = '1'; output[i*x +b] = '0'; output[i*x +c] = '0'; output[i*x +d] = '0'; } else if (input[i] =='9') { output[i*x +a] = '1'; output[i*x +b] = '0'; output[i*x +c] = '0'; output[i*x +d] = '1'; } else if (input[i] =='a') { output[i*x +a] = '1'; output[i*x +b] = '0'; output[i*x +c] = '1'; output[i*x +d] = '0'; } else if (input[i] =='b') { output[i*x +a] = '1'; output[i*x +b] = '0'; output[i*x +c] = '1'; output[i*x +d] = '1'; } else if (input[i] =='c') { output[i*x +a] = '1'; output[i*x +b] = '1'; output[i*x +c] = '0'; output[i*x +d] = '0'; } else if (input[i] =='d') { output[i*x +a] = '1'; output[i*x +b] = '1'; output[i*x +c] = '0'; output[i*x +d] = '1'; } else if (input[i] =='e') { output[i*x +a] = '1'; output[i*x +b] = '1'; output[i*x +c] = '1'; output[i*x +d] = '0'; } else if (input[i] =='f') { output[i*x +a] = '1'; output[i*x +b] = '1'; output[i*x +c] = '1'; output[i*x +d] = '1'; } } output[32] = '\0'; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { FILE *tracefile; char readwrite; int trash; int cachesize; int blocksize; int setnumber; int blockbytes; int setbits; int blockbits; int tagsize; int m; int count = 0; int count2 = 0; int count3 = 0; int i; int j; int xindex; int jindex; int kindex; int lindex; int setadd; int totalset; int writeMiss = 0; int writeHit = 0; int cacheMiss = 0; int cacheHit = 0; int read = 0; int write = 0; int size; int extra; char bbits[100]; char sbits[100]; char tbits[100]; char output[100]; char input[100]; char origtag[100]; if (argc != 7) { if (strcmp(argv[0], "-h")) { printf("./sim2 <cache size> <associativity> <block size> <replace alg> <write policy> <trace file>\n"); return 0; } else { fprintf(stderr, "Error: wrong number of parameters.\n"); return -1; } } tracefile = fopen(argv[6], "r"); if(tracefile == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: File is NULL.\n"); return -1; } //Determining size of sbits, bbits, and tag cachesize = atoi(argv[1]); blocksize = atoi(argv[3]); setnumber = (cachesize/blocksize); printf("setnumber: %d\n", setnumber); setbits = (round((log(setnumber))/(log(2)))); printf("sbits: %d\n", setbits); blockbits = log(blocksize)/log(2); printf("bbits: %d\n", blockbits); tagsize = 32 - (blockbits + setbits); printf("t: %d\n", tagsize); struct myCache newCache[setnumber]; //Allocating Space for Tag Bits, initiating tag and valid to 0s for(i=0;i<setnumber;i++) { newCache[i].tag = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*(tagsize+1)); for(j=0;j<tagsize;j++) { newCache[i].tag[j] = '0'; } newCache[i].valid = 0; } while(fgetc(tracefile)!='#') { setadd = 0; totalset = 0; //read in file fseek(tracefile,-1,SEEK_CUR); fscanf(tracefile, "%x: %c %s\n", &trash, &readwrite, origtag); //shift input Hex size = strlen(origtag); extra = (10 - size); for(i=0; i<extra; i++) input[i] = '0'; for(i=extra, j=0; i<(size-(2-extra)); j++, i++) input[i]=origtag[j+2]; input[8] = '\0'; // Convert Hex to Binary hex2bin(input, output); //Resolving the Address into tbits, sbits, bbits for (xindex=0, jindex=(32-blockbits); jindex<32; jindex++, xindex++) { bbits[xindex] = output[jindex]; } bbits[xindex]='\0'; for (xindex=0, kindex=(32-(blockbits+setbits)); kindex<32-(blockbits); kindex++, xindex++){ sbits[xindex] = output[kindex]; } sbits[xindex]='\0'; for (xindex=0, lindex=0; lindex<(32-(blockbits+setbits)); lindex++, xindex++){ tbits[xindex] = output[lindex]; } tbits[xindex]='\0'; //Convert set bits from char array into ints for(xindex = 0, kindex = (setbits -1); xindex < setbits; xindex ++, kindex--) { if (sbits[xindex] == '1') setadd = 1; if (sbits[xindex] == '0') setadd = 0; setadd = setadd * pow(2, kindex); totalset += setadd; } //Calculating Hits and Misses if (newCache[totalset].valid == 0) { newCache[totalset].valid = 1; strcpy(newCache[totalset].tag, tbits); } else if (newCache[totalset].valid == 1) { if(strcmp(newCache[totalset].tag, tbits) == 0) { if (readwrite == 'W') { cacheHit++; write++; } if (readwrite == 'R') cacheHit++; } else { if (readwrite == 'R') { cacheMiss++; read++; } if (readwrite == 'W') { cacheMiss++; read++; write++; } strcpy(newCache[totalset].tag, tbits); } } } printf("Hits: %d\n", cacheHit); printf("Misses: %d\n", cacheMiss); printf("Writes: %d\n", write); printf("Reads: %d\n", read); }

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Ajax/PHP contact form not able to send mail

- by Steph

The funny thing is it did work for one evening. I contacted my host, and they are saying there's no reason it should not be working. I have also attempted to test it in Firebug, but it seemed to be sending. And I specifically put the email address (hosted in my domain) on my email safe list, so that is not the culprit either. Would anyone here take a look at it for me? I'd be so grateful. In the header I have: <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { var options = { target: '#alert' }; $('#contactForm').ajaxForm(options); }); $.fn.clearForm = function() { return this.each(function() { var type = this.type, tag = this.tagName.toLowerCase(); if (tag == 'form') return $(':input',this).clearForm(); if (type == 'text' || type == 'password' || tag == 'textarea') this.value = ''; else if (type == 'checkbox' || type == 'radio') this.checked = false; else if (tag == 'select') this.selectedIndex = -1; }); }; </script> Here is the actual form: <form id="contactForm" method="post" action="sendmail.php"> <fieldset> <p>Email Me</p> <div id="fieldset_container"> <label for="name">Your Name:</label> <input type="text" name="name" id="name" /><br /><br /> <label for="email">Email:</label> <input type="text" name="email" id="email" /><br /><br /> <span style="display:none;"> <label for="last">Honeypot:</label> <input type="text" name="last" value="" id="last" /> </span><br /><br /> <label for="message">Comments & Inquiries:</label> <textarea name="message" id="message" cols="" rows=""></textarea><br/> </div> <div id="submit_button"> <input type="submit" name="submit" id="submit" value="Send It" /> </div> </fieldset> </form> <div class="message"><div id="alert"></div></div> Here is the code from my validating page, sendmail.php: <?php // Who you want to recieve the emails from the form. (Hint: generally you.) $sendto = '[email protected]'; // The subject you'll see in your inbox $subject = 'SH Contact Form'; // Message for the user when he/she doesn't fill in the form correctly. $errormessage = 'There seems to have been a problem. May I suggest...'; // Message for the user when he/she fills in the form correctly. $thanks = "Thanks for the email!"; // Message for the bot when it fills in in at all. $honeypot = "You filled in the honeypot! If you're human, try again!"; // Various messages displayed when the fields are empty. $emptyname = 'Entering your name?'; $emptyemail = 'Entering your email address?'; $emptymessage = 'Entering a message?'; // Various messages displayed when the fields are incorrectly formatted. $alertname = 'Entering your name using only the standard alphabet?'; $alertemail = 'Entering your email in this format: <i>[email protected]</i>?'; $alertmessage = "Making sure you aren't using any parenthesis or other escaping characters in the message? Most URLS are fine though!"; //Setting used variables. $alert = ''; $pass = 0; // Sanitizing the data, kind of done via error messages first. Twice is better! ;-) function clean_var($variable) { $variable = strip_tags(stripslashes(trim(rtrim($variable)))); return $variable; } //The first if for honeypot. if ( empty($_REQUEST['last']) ) { // A bunch of if's for all the fields and the error messages. if ( empty($_REQUEST['name']) ) { $pass = 1; $alert .= "<li>" . $emptyname . "</li>"; } elseif ( ereg( "[][{}()*+?.\\^$|]", $_REQUEST['name'] ) ) { $pass = 1; $alert .= "<li>" . $alertname . "</li>"; } if ( empty($_REQUEST['email']) ) { $pass = 1; $alert .= "<li>" . $emptyemail . "</li>"; } elseif ( !eregi("^[_a-z0-9-]+(.[_a-z0-9-]+)*@[a-z0-9-]+(.[a-z0-9-]+)*(.[a-z]{2,3})$", $_REQUEST['email']) ) { $pass = 1; $alert .= "<li>" . $alertemail . "</li>"; } if ( empty($_REQUEST['message']) ) { $pass = 1; $alert .= "<li>" . $emptymessage . "</li>"; } elseif ( ereg( "[][{}()*+?\\^$|]", $_REQUEST['message'] ) ) { $pass = 1; $alert .= "<li>" . $alertmessage . "</li>"; } //If the user err'd, print the error messages. if ( $pass==1 ) { //This first line is for ajax/javascript, comment it or delete it if this isn't your cup o' tea. echo "<script>$(\".message\").hide(\"slow\").show(\"slow\"); </script>"; echo "<b>" . $errormessage . "</b>"; echo "<ul>"; echo $alert; echo "</ul>"; // If the user didn't err and there is in fact a message, time to email it. } elseif (isset($_REQUEST['message'])) { //Construct the message. $message = "From: " . clean_var($_REQUEST['name']) . "\n"; $message .= "Email: " . clean_var($_REQUEST['email']) . "\n"; $message .= "Message: \n" . clean_var($_REQUEST['message']); $header = 'From:'. clean_var($_REQUEST['email']); //Mail the message - for production mail($sendto, $subject, $message, $header, "[email protected]"); //This is for javascript, echo "<script>$(\".message\").hide(\"slow\").show(\"slow\").animate({opacity: 1.0}, 4000).hide(\"slow\"); $(':input').clearForm() </script>"; echo $thanks; die(); //Echo the email message - for development echo "<br/><br/>" . $message; } //If honeypot is filled, trigger the message that bot likely won't see. } else { echo "<script>$(\".message\").hide(\"slow\").show(\"slow\"); </script>"; echo $honeypot; } ?>

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Is the salt contained in a phpass hash or do you need to salt its input?

- by Exception e

phpass is a widely used hashing 'framework'. Is it good practice to salt the plain password before giving it to PasswordHash (v0.2), like so?: $dynamicSalt = $record['salt']; $staticSalt = 'i5ininsfj5lt4hbfduk54fjbhoxc80sdf'; $plainPassword = $_POST['password']; $password = $plainPassword . $dynamicSalt . $staticSalt; $passwordHash = new PasswordHash(8, false); $storedPassword = $passwordHash->HashPassword($password); For reference the phpsalt class: # Portable PHP password hashing framework. # # Version 0.2 / genuine. # # Written by Solar Designer <solar at openwall.com> in 2004-2006 and placed in # the public domain. # # # class PasswordHash { var $itoa64; var $iteration_count_log2; var $portable_hashes; var $random_state; function PasswordHash($iteration_count_log2, $portable_hashes) { $this->itoa64 = './0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'; if ($iteration_count_log2 < 4 || $iteration_count_log2 > 31) $iteration_count_log2 = 8; $this->iteration_count_log2 = $iteration_count_log2; $this->portable_hashes = $portable_hashes; $this->random_state = microtime() . getmypid(); } function get_random_bytes($count) { $output = ''; if (is_readable('/dev/urandom') && ($fh = @fopen('/dev/urandom', 'rb'))) { $output = fread($fh, $count); fclose($fh); } if (strlen($output) < $count) { $output = ''; for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i += 16) { $this->random_state = md5(microtime() . $this->random_state); $output .= pack('H*', md5($this->random_state)); } $output = substr($output, 0, $count); } return $output; } function encode64($input, $count) { $output = ''; $i = 0; do { $value = ord($input[$i++]); $output .= $this->itoa64[$value & 0x3f]; if ($i < $count) $value |= ord($input[$i]) << 8; $output .= $this->itoa64[($value >> 6) & 0x3f]; if ($i++ >= $count) break; if ($i < $count) $value |= ord($input[$i]) << 16; $output .= $this->itoa64[($value >> 12) & 0x3f]; if ($i++ >= $count) break; $output .= $this->itoa64[($value >> 18) & 0x3f]; } while ($i < $count); return $output; } function gensalt_private($input) { $output = '$P$'; $output .= $this->itoa64[min($this->iteration_count_log2 + ((PHP_VERSION >= '5') ? 5 : 3), 30)]; $output .= $this->encode64($input, 6); return $output; } function crypt_private($password, $setting) { $output = '*0'; if (substr($setting, 0, 2) == $output) $output = '*1'; if (substr($setting, 0, 3) != '$P$') return $output; $count_log2 = strpos($this->itoa64, $setting[3]); if ($count_log2 < 7 || $count_log2 > 30) return $output; $count = 1 << $count_log2; $salt = substr($setting, 4, 8); if (strlen($salt) != 8) return $output; # We're kind of forced to use MD5 here since it's the only # cryptographic primitive available in all versions of PHP # currently in use. To implement our own low-level crypto # in PHP would result in much worse performance and # consequently in lower iteration counts and hashes that are # quicker to crack (by non-PHP code). if (PHP_VERSION >= '5') { $hash = md5($salt . $password, TRUE); do { $hash = md5($hash . $password, TRUE); } while (--$count); } else { $hash = pack('H*', md5($salt . $password)); do { $hash = pack('H*', md5($hash . $password)); } while (--$count); } $output = substr($setting, 0, 12); $output .= $this->encode64($hash, 16); return $output; } function gensalt_extended($input) { $count_log2 = min($this->iteration_count_log2 + 8, 24); # This should be odd to not reveal weak DES keys, and the # maximum valid value is (2**24 - 1) which is odd anyway. $count = (1 << $count_log2) - 1; $output = '_'; $output .= $this->itoa64[$count & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->itoa64[($count >> 6) & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->itoa64[($count >> 12) & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->itoa64[($count >> 18) & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->encode64($input, 3); return $output; } function gensalt_blowfish($input) { # This one needs to use a different order of characters and a # different encoding scheme from the one in encode64() above. # We care because the last character in our encoded string will # only represent 2 bits. While two known implementations of # bcrypt will happily accept and correct a salt string which # has the 4 unused bits set to non-zero, we do not want to take # chances and we also do not want to waste an additional byte # of entropy. $itoa64 = './ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789'; $output = '$2a$'; $output .= chr(ord('0') + $this->iteration_count_log2 / 10); $output .= chr(ord('0') + $this->iteration_count_log2 % 10); $output .= '$'; $i = 0; do { $c1 = ord($input[$i++]); $output .= $itoa64[$c1 >> 2]; $c1 = ($c1 & 0x03) << 4; if ($i >= 16) { $output .= $itoa64[$c1]; break; } $c2 = ord($input[$i++]); $c1 |= $c2 >> 4; $output .= $itoa64[$c1]; $c1 = ($c2 & 0x0f) << 2; $c2 = ord($input[$i++]); $c1 |= $c2 >> 6; $output .= $itoa64[$c1]; $output .= $itoa64[$c2 & 0x3f]; } while (1); return $output; } function HashPassword($password) { $random = ''; if (CRYPT_BLOWFISH == 1 && !$this->portable_hashes) { $random = $this->get_random_bytes(16); $hash = crypt($password, $this->gensalt_blowfish($random)); if (strlen($hash) == 60) return $hash; } if (CRYPT_EXT_DES == 1 && !$this->portable_hashes) { if (strlen($random) < 3) $random = $this->get_random_bytes(3); $hash = crypt($password, $this->gensalt_extended($random)); if (strlen($hash) == 20) return $hash; } if (strlen($random) < 6) $random = $this->get_random_bytes(6); $hash = $this->crypt_private($password, $this->gensalt_private($random)); if (strlen($hash) == 34) return $hash; # Returning '*' on error is safe here, but would _not_ be safe # in a crypt(3)-like function used _both_ for generating new # hashes and for validating passwords against existing hashes. return '*'; } function CheckPassword($password, $stored_hash) { $hash = $this->crypt_private($password, $stored_hash); if ($hash[0] == '*') $hash = crypt($password, $stored_hash); return $hash == $stored_hash; } }

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Boost Spirit and Lex parser problem

- by bpw1621

I've been struggling to try and (incrementally) modify example code from the documentation but with not much different I am not getting the behavior I expect. Specifically, the "if" statement fails when (my intent is that) it should be passing (there was an "else" but that part of the parser was removed during debugging). The assignment statement works fine. I had a "while" statement as well which had the same problem as the "if" statement so I am sure if I can get help to figure out why one is not working it should be easy to get the other going. It must be kind of subtle because this is almost verbatim what is in one of the examples. #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <string> #define BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG #include <boost/config/warning_disable.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/lex_lexertl.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_operator.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_statement.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_container.hpp> namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi; namespace lex = boost::spirit::lex; inline std::string read_from_file( const char* infile ) { std::ifstream instream( infile ); if( !instream.is_open() ) { std::cerr << "Could not open file: \"" << infile << "\"" << std::endl; exit( -1 ); } instream.unsetf( std::ios::skipws ); return( std::string( std::istreambuf_iterator< char >( instream.rdbuf() ), std::istreambuf_iterator< char >() ) ); } template< typename Lexer > struct LangLexer : lex::lexer< Lexer > { LangLexer() { identifier = "[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"; number = "[-+]?(\\d*\\.)?\\d+([eE][-+]?\\d+)?"; if_ = "if"; else_ = "else"; this->self = lex::token_def<> ( '(' ) | ')' | '{' | '}' | '=' | ';'; this->self += identifier | number | if_ | else_; this->self( "WS" ) = lex::token_def<>( "[ \\t\\n]+" ); } lex::token_def<> if_, else_; lex::token_def< std::string > identifier; lex::token_def< double > number; }; template< typename Iterator, typename Lexer > struct LangGrammar : qi::grammar< Iterator, qi::in_state_skipper< Lexer > > { template< typename TokenDef > LangGrammar( const TokenDef& tok ) : LangGrammar::base_type( program ) { using boost::phoenix::val; using boost::phoenix::ref; using boost::phoenix::size; program = +block; block = '{' >> *statement >> '}'; statement = assignment | if_stmt; assignment = ( tok.identifier >> '=' >> expression >> ';' ); if_stmt = ( tok.if_ >> '(' >> expression >> ')' >> block ); expression = ( tok.identifier[ qi::_val = qi::_1 ] | tok.number[ qi::_val = qi::_1 ] ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( program ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( block ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( statement ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( assignment ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( if_stmt ); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODE( expression ); } qi::rule< Iterator, qi::in_state_skipper< Lexer > > program, block, statement; qi::rule< Iterator, qi::in_state_skipper< Lexer > > assignment, if_stmt; typedef boost::variant< double, std::string > expression_type; qi::rule< Iterator, expression_type(), qi::in_state_skipper< Lexer > > expression; }; int main( int argc, char** argv ) { typedef std::string::iterator base_iterator_type; typedef lex::lexertl::token< base_iterator_type, boost::mpl::vector< double, std::string > > token_type; typedef lex::lexertl::lexer< token_type > lexer_type; typedef LangLexer< lexer_type > LangLexer; typedef LangLexer::iterator_type iterator_type; typedef LangGrammar< iterator_type, LangLexer::lexer_def > LangGrammar; LangLexer lexer; LangGrammar grammar( lexer ); std::string str( read_from_file( 1 == argc ? "boostLexTest.dat" : argv[1] ) ); base_iterator_type strBegin = str.begin(); iterator_type tokenItor = lexer.begin( strBegin, str.end() ); iterator_type tokenItorEnd = lexer.end(); std::cout << std::setfill( '*' ) << std::setw(20) << '*' << std::endl << str << std::endl << std::setfill( '*' ) << std::setw(20) << '*' << std::endl; bool result = qi::phrase_parse( tokenItor, tokenItorEnd, grammar, qi::in_state( "WS" )[ lexer.self ] ); if( result ) { std::cout << "Parsing successful" << std::endl; } else { std::cout << "Parsing error" << std::endl; } return( 0 ); } Here is the output of running this (the file read into the string is dumped out first in main) ******************** { a = 5; if( a ){ b = 2; } } ******************** <program> <try>{</try> <block> <try>{</try> <statement> <try></try> <assignment> <try></try> <expression> <try></try> <success>;</success> <attributes>(5)</attributes> </expression> <success></success> <attributes>()</attributes> </assignment> <success></success> <attributes>()</attributes> </statement> <statement> <try></try> <assignment> <try></try> <fail/> </assignment> <if_stmt> <try> if(</try> <fail/> </if_stmt> <fail/> </statement> <fail/> </block> <fail/> </program> Parsing error

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Component returned failure code: 0x80600011 [nsIXSLTProcessorObsolete.transformDocument]

- by Sean Ochoa

So, I'm using the XSLT plugin for JQuery, and here's my code: function AddPlotcardEventHandlers(){ // some code } function reportError(exception){ alert(exception.constructor.name + " Exception: " + ((exception.name) ? exception.name : "[unknown name]") + " - " + exception.message); } function GetPlotcards(){ $("#content").xslt("../xml/plotcards.xml","../xslt/plotcards.xsl", AddPlotcardEventHandlers,reportError); } Here's the modified jquery plugin. I say that its modified because I've added callbacks for success and error handling. /* * jquery.xslt.js * * Copyright (c) 2005-2008 Johann Burkard (<mailto:[email protected]>) * <http://eaio.com> * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN * NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, * DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR * OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE * USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. * */ /** * jQuery client-side XSLT plugins. * * @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">Johann Burkard</a> * @version $Id: jquery.xslt.js,v 1.10 2008/08/29 21:34:24 Johann Exp $ */ (function($) { $.fn.xslt = function() { return this; } var str = /^\s*</; if (document.recalc) { // IE 5+ $.fn.xslt = function(xml, xslt, onSuccess, onError) { try{ var target = $(this); var change = function() { try{ var c = 'complete'; if (xm.readyState == c && xs.readyState == c) { window.setTimeout(function() { target.html(xm.transformNode(xs.XMLDocument)); if (onSuccess) onSuccess(); }, 50); } }catch(exception){ if (onError) onError(exception); } }; var xm = document.createElement('xml'); xm.onreadystatechange = change; xm[str.test(xml) ? "innerHTML" : "src"] = xml; var xs = document.createElement('xml'); xs.onreadystatechange = change; xs[str.test(xslt) ? "innerHTML" : "src"] = xslt; $('body').append(xm).append(xs); return this; }catch(exception){ if (onError) onError(exception); } }; } else if (window.DOMParser != undefined && window.XMLHttpRequest != undefined && window.XSLTProcessor != undefined) { // Mozilla 0.9.4+, Opera 9+ var processor = new XSLTProcessor(); var support = false; if ($.isFunction(processor.transformDocument)) { support = window.XMLSerializer != undefined; } else { support = true; } if (support) { $.fn.xslt = function(xml, xslt, onSuccess, onError) { try{ var target = $(this); var transformed = false; var xm = { readyState: 4 }; var xs = { readyState: 4 }; var change = function() { try{ if (xm.readyState == 4 && xs.readyState == 4 && !transformed) { var processor = new XSLTProcessor(); if ($.isFunction(processor.transformDocument)) { // obsolete Mozilla interface resultDoc = document.implementation.createDocument("", "", null); processor.transformDocument(xm.responseXML, xs.responseXML, resultDoc, null); target.html(new XMLSerializer().serializeToString(resultDoc)); } else { processor.importStylesheet(xs.responseXML); resultDoc = processor.transformToFragment(xm.responseXML, document); target.empty().append(resultDoc); } transformed = true; if (onSuccess) onSuccess(); } }catch(exception){ if (onError) onError(exception); } }; if (str.test(xml)) { xm.responseXML = new DOMParser().parseFromString(xml, "text/xml"); } else { xm = $.ajax({ dataType: "xml", url: xml}); xm.onreadystatechange = change; } if (str.test(xslt)) { xs.responseXML = new DOMParser().parseFromString(xslt, "text/xml"); change(); } else { xs = $.ajax({ dataType: "xml", url: xslt}); xs.onreadystatechange = change; } }catch(exception){ if (onError) onError(exception); }finally{ return this; } }; } } })(jQuery); And, here's my error msg: Object Exception: [unknown name] - Component returned failure code: 0x80600011 [nsIXSLTProcessorObsolete.transformDocument] Here's the info on the browser that I'm using for testing (with firebug v1.5.4 add-on installed): Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.2.3) Gecko/20100401 Firefox/3.6.3 Here's my XML: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <plotcardCollection sortby="order"> <plotcard order="2" id="1378"> <name><![CDATA[[placeholder for name of plotcard 1378]]]></name> <content><![CDATA[[placeholder for content of plotcard 1378]]]></content> <tagCollection> <tag id="3"><![CDATA[[placeholder for tag with id=3]]]></tag> <tag id="7"><![CDATA[[placeholder for tag with id=7]]]></tag> </tagCollection> </plotcard> <plotcard order="1" id="2156"> <name><![CDATA[[placeholder for name of plotcard 2156]]]></name> <content><![CDATA[[placeholder for content of plotcard 2156]]]></content> <tagCollection> <tag id="2"><![CDATA[[placeholder for tag with id=2]]]></tag> <tag id="9"><![CDATA[[placeholder for tag with id=9]]]></tag> </tagCollection> </plotcard> </plotcardCollection> Here's my XSLT: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:template match="/plotcardCollection"> <xsl:variable name="sortby" select="@sortby" /> <xsl:for-each select="plotcard"> <xsl:sort select="$sortby" data-type="number" order="ascending"/> <div>  <xsl:attribute name="class">Plotcard</xsl:attribute> <xsl:for-each select="@"> <xsl:value-of select="name()"/> <xsl:text>='</xsl:text> <xsl:if test="name() = 'id'"> <xsl:text>Plotcard-</xsl:text> </xsl:if> <xsl:value-of select="." /> <xsl:text>'</xsl:text> </xsl:for-each>  <div> <xsl:attribute name="class"> <xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">PlotcardName</xsl:text> </xsl:attribute> <xsl:value-of select="name/text()"/> </div>  <div> <xsl:attribute name="class"> <xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes">PlotcardContent</xsl:text> </xsl:attribute> <xsl:value-of select="content/text()"/> </div> </div> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> I'm really not sure what to do about this.... any thoughts?

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How can * be a safe hashed password?

- by Exception e

phpass is a widely used hashing 'framework'. While evaluating phpass' HashPassword I came across this odd method fragment. function HashPassword($password) { // <snip> trying to generate a hash… # Returning '*' on error is safe here, but would _not_ be safe # in a crypt(3)-like function used _both_ for generating new # hashes and for validating passwords against existing hashes. return '*'; } This is the complete phpsalt class: # Portable PHP password hashing framework. # # Version 0.2 / genuine. # # Written by Solar Designer <solar at openwall.com> in 2004-2006 and placed in # the public domain. # # # class PasswordHash { var $itoa64; var $iteration_count_log2; var $portable_hashes; var $random_state; function PasswordHash($iteration_count_log2, $portable_hashes) { $this->itoa64 = './0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'; if ($iteration_count_log2 < 4 || $iteration_count_log2 > 31) $iteration_count_log2 = 8; $this->iteration_count_log2 = $iteration_count_log2; $this->portable_hashes = $portable_hashes; $this->random_state = microtime() . getmypid(); } function get_random_bytes($count) { $output = ''; if (is_readable('/dev/urandom') && ($fh = @fopen('/dev/urandom', 'rb'))) { $output = fread($fh, $count); fclose($fh); } if (strlen($output) < $count) { $output = ''; for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i += 16) { $this->random_state = md5(microtime() . $this->random_state); $output .= pack('H*', md5($this->random_state)); } $output = substr($output, 0, $count); } return $output; } function encode64($input, $count) { $output = ''; $i = 0; do { $value = ord($input[$i++]); $output .= $this->itoa64[$value & 0x3f]; if ($i < $count) $value |= ord($input[$i]) << 8; $output .= $this->itoa64[($value >> 6) & 0x3f]; if ($i++ >= $count) break; if ($i < $count) $value |= ord($input[$i]) << 16; $output .= $this->itoa64[($value >> 12) & 0x3f]; if ($i++ >= $count) break; $output .= $this->itoa64[($value >> 18) & 0x3f]; } while ($i < $count); return $output; } function gensalt_private($input) { $output = '$P$'; $output .= $this->itoa64[min($this->iteration_count_log2 + ((PHP_VERSION >= '5') ? 5 : 3), 30)]; $output .= $this->encode64($input, 6); return $output; } function crypt_private($password, $setting) { $output = '*0'; if (substr($setting, 0, 2) == $output) $output = '*1'; if (substr($setting, 0, 3) != '$P$') return $output; $count_log2 = strpos($this->itoa64, $setting[3]); if ($count_log2 < 7 || $count_log2 > 30) return $output; $count = 1 << $count_log2; $salt = substr($setting, 4, 8); if (strlen($salt) != 8) return $output; # We're kind of forced to use MD5 here since it's the only # cryptographic primitive available in all versions of PHP # currently in use. To implement our own low-level crypto # in PHP would result in much worse performance and # consequently in lower iteration counts and hashes that are # quicker to crack (by non-PHP code). if (PHP_VERSION >= '5') { $hash = md5($salt . $password, TRUE); do { $hash = md5($hash . $password, TRUE); } while (--$count); } else { $hash = pack('H*', md5($salt . $password)); do { $hash = pack('H*', md5($hash . $password)); } while (--$count); } $output = substr($setting, 0, 12); $output .= $this->encode64($hash, 16); return $output; } function gensalt_extended($input) { $count_log2 = min($this->iteration_count_log2 + 8, 24); # This should be odd to not reveal weak DES keys, and the # maximum valid value is (2**24 - 1) which is odd anyway. $count = (1 << $count_log2) - 1; $output = '_'; $output .= $this->itoa64[$count & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->itoa64[($count >> 6) & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->itoa64[($count >> 12) & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->itoa64[($count >> 18) & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->encode64($input, 3); return $output; } function gensalt_blowfish($input) { # This one needs to use a different order of characters and a # different encoding scheme from the one in encode64() above. # We care because the last character in our encoded string will # only represent 2 bits. While two known implementations of # bcrypt will happily accept and correct a salt string which # has the 4 unused bits set to non-zero, we do not want to take # chances and we also do not want to waste an additional byte # of entropy. $itoa64 = './ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789'; $output = '$2a$'; $output .= chr(ord('0') + $this->iteration_count_log2 / 10); $output .= chr(ord('0') + $this->iteration_count_log2 % 10); $output .= '$'; $i = 0; do { $c1 = ord($input[$i++]); $output .= $itoa64[$c1 >> 2]; $c1 = ($c1 & 0x03) << 4; if ($i >= 16) { $output .= $itoa64[$c1]; break; } $c2 = ord($input[$i++]); $c1 |= $c2 >> 4; $output .= $itoa64[$c1]; $c1 = ($c2 & 0x0f) << 2; $c2 = ord($input[$i++]); $c1 |= $c2 >> 6; $output .= $itoa64[$c1]; $output .= $itoa64[$c2 & 0x3f]; } while (1); return $output; } function HashPassword($password) { $random = ''; if (CRYPT_BLOWFISH == 1 && !$this->portable_hashes) { $random = $this->get_random_bytes(16); $hash = crypt($password, $this->gensalt_blowfish($random)); if (strlen($hash) == 60) return $hash; } if (CRYPT_EXT_DES == 1 && !$this->portable_hashes) { if (strlen($random) < 3) $random = $this->get_random_bytes(3); $hash = crypt($password, $this->gensalt_extended($random)); if (strlen($hash) == 20) return $hash; } if (strlen($random) < 6) $random = $this->get_random_bytes(6); $hash = $this->crypt_private($password, $this->gensalt_private($random)); if (strlen($hash) == 34) return $hash; # Returning '*' on error is safe here, but would _not_ be safe # in a crypt(3)-like function used _both_ for generating new # hashes and for validating passwords against existing hashes. return '*'; } function CheckPassword($password, $stored_hash) { $hash = $this->crypt_private($password, $stored_hash); if ($hash[0] == '*') $hash = crypt($password, $stored_hash); return $hash == $stored_hash; } }

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Alright, I'm still stuck on this homework problem. C++

- by Josh

Okay, the past few days I have been trying to get some input on my programs. Well I decided to scrap them for the most part and try again. So once again, I'm in need of help. For the first program I'm trying to fix, it needs to show the sum of SEVEN numbers. Well, I'm trying to change is so that I don't need the mem[##] = ####. I just want the user to be able to input the numbers and the program run from there and go through my switch loop. And have some kind of display..saying like the sum is?.. Here's my code so far. #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <ios> using namespace std; int main() { const int READ = 10; const int WRITE = 11; const int LOAD = 20; const int STORE = 21; const int ADD = 30; const int SUBTRACT = 31; const int DIVIDE = 32; const int MULTIPLY = 33; const int BRANCH = 40; const int BRANCHNEG = 41; const int BRANCHZERO = 42; const int HALT = 43; int mem[100] = {0}; //Making it 100, since simpletron contains a 100 word mem. int operation; //taking the rest of these variables straight out of the book seeing as how they were italisized. int operand; int accum = 0; // the special register is starting at 0 int counter; for ( counter=0; counter < 100; counter++) mem[counter] = 0; // This is for part a, it will take in positive variables in //a sent-controlled loop and compute + print their sum. Variables from example in text. mem[0] = 1009; mem[1] = 1109; mem[2] = 2010; mem[3] = 2111; mem[4] = 2011; mem[5] = 3100; mem[6] = 2113; mem[7] = 1113; mem[8] = 4300; counter = 0; //Makes the variable counter start at 0. while(true) { operand = mem[ counter ]%100; // Finds the op codes from the limit on the mem (100) operation = mem[ counter ]/100; //using a switch loop to set up the loops for the cases switch ( operation ){ case READ: //reads a variable into a word from loc. Enter in -1 to exit cout <<"\n Input a positive variable: "; cin >> mem[ operand ]; counter++; break; case WRITE: // takes a word from location cout << "\n\nThe content at location " << operand << " is " << mem[operand]; counter++; break; case LOAD:// loads accum = mem[ operand ];counter++; break; case STORE: //stores mem[ operand ] = accum;counter++; break; case ADD: //adds accum += mem[operand];counter++; break; case SUBTRACT: // subtracts accum-= mem[ operand ];counter++; break; case DIVIDE: //divides accum /=(mem[ operand ]);counter++; break; case MULTIPLY: // multiplies accum*= mem [ operand ];counter++; break; case BRANCH: // Branches to location counter = operand; break; case BRANCHNEG: //branches if acc. is < 0 if (accum < 0) counter = operand; else counter++; break; case BRANCHZERO: //branches if acc = 0 if (accum == 0) counter = operand; else counter++; break; case HALT: // Program ends break; } } return 0; } part B int main() { const int READ = 10; const int WRITE = 11; const int LOAD = 20; const int STORE = 21; const int ADD = 30; const int SUBTRACT = 31; const int DIVIDE = 32; const int MULTIPLY = 33; const int BRANCH = 40; const int BRANCHNEG = 41; const int BRANCHZERO = 41; const int HALT = 43; int mem[100] = {0}; int operation; int operand; int accum = 0; int pos = 0; int j; mem[22] = 7; // loop 7 times mem[25] = 1; // increment by 1 mem[00] = 4306; mem[01] = 2303; mem[02] = 3402; mem[03] = 6410; mem[04] = 3412; mem[05] = 2111; mem[06] = 2002; mem[07] = 2312; mem[08] = 4210; mem[09] = 2109; mem[10] = 4001; mem[11] = 2015; mem[12] = 3212; mem[13] = 2116; mem[14] = 1101; mem[15] = 1116; mem[16] = 4300; j = 0; while ( true ) { operand = memory[ j ]%100; // Finds the op codes from the limit on the memory (100) operation = memory[ j ]/100; //using a switch loop to set up the loops for the cases switch ( operation ){ case 1: //reads a variable into a word from loc. Enter in -1 to exit cout <<"\n enter #: "; cin >> memory[ operand ]; break; case 2: // takes a word from location cout << "\n\nThe content at location " << operand << "is " << memory[operand]; break; case 3:// loads accum = memory[ operand ]; break; case 4: //stores memory[ operand ] = accum; break; case 5: //adds accum += mem[operand];; break; case 6: // subtracts accum-= memory[ operand ]; break; case 7: //divides accum /=(memory[ operand ]); break; case 8: // multiplies accum*= memory [ operand ]; break; case 9: // Branches to location j = operand; break; case 10: //branches if acc. is < 0 break; case 11: //branches if acc = 0 if (accum == 0) j = operand; break; case 12: // Program ends exit(0); break; } j++; } return 0; }

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Help Optimizing MySQL Table (~ 500,000 records) and PHP Code.

- by Pyrite

I have a MySQL table that collects player data from various game servers (Urban Terror). The bot that collects the data runs 24/7, and currently the table is up to about 475,000+ records. Because of this, querying this table from PHP has become quite slow. I wonder what I can do on the database side of things to make it as optomized as possible, then I can focus on the application to query the database. The table is as follows: CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `people` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(40) NOT NULL, `ip` int(4) unsigned NOT NULL, `guid` varchar(32) NOT NULL, `server` int(4) unsigned NOT NULL, `date` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `Person` (`name`,`ip`,`guid`), KEY `server` (`server`), KEY `date` (`date`), KEY `PlayerName` (`name`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 COMMENT='People that Play on Servers' AUTO_INCREMENT=475843 ; I'm storying the IPv4 (ip and server) as 4 byte integers, and using the MySQL functions NTOA(), etc to encode and decode, I heard that this way is faster, rather than varchar(15). The guid is a md5sum, 32 char hex. Date is stored as unix timestamp. I have a unique key on name, ip and guid, as to avoid duplicates of the same player. Do I have my keys setup right? Is the way I'm storing data efficient? Here is the code to query this table. You search for a name, ip, or guid, and it grabs the results of the query and cross references other records that match the name, ip, or guid from the results of the first query, and does it for each field. This is kind of hard to explain. But basically, if I search for one player by name, I'll see every other name he has used, every IP he has used and every GUID he has used. <form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" method="post"> Search: <input type="text" name="query" id="query" /><input type="submit" name="btnSubmit" value="Submit" /> </form> <?php if (!empty($_POST['query'])) { ?> <table cellspacing="1" id="1up_people" class="tablesorter" width="300"> <thead> <tr> <th>ID</th> <th>Player Name</th> <th>Player IP</th> <th>Player GUID</th> <th>Server</th> <th>Date</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <?php function super_unique($array) { $result = array_map("unserialize", array_unique(array_map("serialize", $array))); foreach ($result as $key => $value) { if ( is_array($value) ) { $result[$key] = super_unique($value); } } return $result; } if (!empty($_POST['query'])) { $query = trim($_POST['query']); $count = 0; $people = array(); $link = mysql_connect('localhost', 'mysqluser', 'yea right!'); if (!$link) { die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error()); } mysql_select_db("1up"); $sql = "SELECT id, name, INET_NTOA(ip) AS ip, guid, INET_NTOA(server) AS server, date FROM 1up_people WHERE (name LIKE \"%$query%\" OR INET_NTOA(ip) LIKE \"%$query%\" OR guid LIKE \"%$query%\")"; $result = mysql_query($sql, $link); if (!$result) { die(mysql_error()); } // Now take the initial results and parse each column into its own array while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_NUM)) { $name = htmlspecialchars($row[1]); $people[] = array( 'id' => $row[0], 'name' => $name, 'ip' => $row[2], 'guid' => $row[3], 'server' => $row[4], 'date' => $row[5] ); } // now for each name, ip, guid in results, find additonal records $people2 = array(); foreach ($people AS $person) { $ip = $person['ip']; $sql = "SELECT id, name, INET_NTOA(ip) AS ip, guid, INET_NTOA(server) AS server, date FROM 1up_people WHERE (ip = \"$ip\")"; $result = mysql_query($sql, $link); while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_NUM)) { $name = htmlspecialchars($row[1]); $people2[] = array( 'id' => $row[0], 'name' => $name, 'ip' => $row[2], 'guid' => $row[3], 'server' => $row[4], 'date' => $row[5] ); } } $people3 = array(); foreach ($people AS $person) { $guid = $person['guid']; $sql = "SELECT id, name, INET_NTOA(ip) AS ip, guid, INET_NTOA(server) AS server, date FROM 1up_people WHERE (guid = \"$guid\")"; $result = mysql_query($sql, $link); while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_NUM)) { $name = htmlspecialchars($row[1]); $people3[] = array( 'id' => $row[0], 'name' => $name, 'ip' => $row[2], 'guid' => $row[3], 'server' => $row[4], 'date' => $row[5] ); } } $people4 = array(); foreach ($people AS $person) { $name = $person['name']; $sql = "SELECT id, name, INET_NTOA(ip) AS ip, guid, INET_NTOA(server) AS server, date FROM 1up_people WHERE (name = \"$name\")"; $result = mysql_query($sql, $link); while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_NUM)) { $name = htmlspecialchars($row[1]); $people4[] = array( 'id' => $row[0], 'name' => $name, 'ip' => $row[2], 'guid' => $row[3], 'server' => $row[4], 'date' => $row[5] ); } } // Combine people and people2 into just people $people = array_merge($people, $people2); $people = array_merge($people, $people3); $people = array_merge($people, $people4); $people = super_unique($people); foreach ($people AS $person) { $date = ($person['date']) ? date("M d, Y", $person['date']) : 'Before 8/1/10'; echo "<tr>\n"; echo "<td>".$person['id']."</td>"; echo "<td>".$person['name']."</td>"; echo "<td>".$person['ip']."</td>"; echo "<td>".$person['guid']."</td>"; echo "<td>".$person['server']."</td>"; echo "<td>".$date."</td>"; echo "</tr>\n"; $count++; } // Find Total Records //$result = mysql_query("SELECT id FROM 1up_people", $link); //$total = mysql_num_rows($result); mysql_close($link); } ?> </tbody> </table> <p> <?php echo $count." Records Found for \"".$_POST['query']."\" out of $total"; ?> </p> <?php } $time_stop = microtime(true); print("Done (ran for ".round($time_stop-$time_start)." seconds)."); ?> Any help at all is appreciated! Thank you.

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WPF problem modify style of images in multiple Button Templates

- by user556415

I'm trying to create a control panel for a video camera, the panel has buttons for up, down, left and right etc. Each camera function up, down, left and right is represented by three images (see code below) for the left side, middle and right side. The control panel is circular so the corner images kind of overlap (its complicated to explain this without a visual). When I click on up for example I have to hide the initial three images (leftside, middle and right side) and display another three images for left , middle and right that indicate that the button is pressed. I am achieving this by having a grid inside a button template. The problem I have is that for the corner images for the control there are really four images that represent this. For example for the top left corner the four images would be represent 1. Top not clicked. 2. Top Clicked and 3. Left Not clicked and 4. Left Clicked. My problem is if I need to make the images contained within the Top button have precedence when the top control is clicked or the images in the left button have precedence when the left button is clicked. So it's like I want to modify the left button's image visible property when the top button is clicked and vise versa. This is really difficult to explain so I apologize if it makes little sense but I can email the source code on request if anyone is interested in my predicament. <Grid> <Canvas>  <Button Name="TopSide" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" Height="34" Width="102" Canvas.Left="97" Canvas.Top="60" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" > <Button.Template> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}"> <Grid Width="100"> <Canvas> <Image Name="TopRightNormal" Source="Resources/topright_off.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="66"></Image> <Image Name="TopRightDown" Source="Resources/topright_down.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="66" Visibility="Hidden" ></Image> <Image Name="TopNormal" Source="Resources/topcenter_off.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="34" /> <Image Name="TopPressed" Source="Resources/topcenter_down.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="34" Visibility="Hidden" /> <Image Name="TopDisabled" Source="Resources/topcenter_off.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="34" Visibility="Hidden" /> <Image Name="TopLeftNormal" Source="Resources/topleft_off.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="2" ></Image> <Image Name="TopLeftDown" Opacity="0" Source="Resources/topleft_down.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="2" Visibility="Hidden" ></Image> </Canvas> </Grid> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True"> <Setter TargetName="TopNormal" Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" /> <Setter TargetName="TopPressed" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" /> <Setter TargetName="TopRightNormal" Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" /> <Setter TargetName="TopRightDown" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" /> <Setter TargetName="TopLeftNormal" Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" /> <Setter TargetName="TopLeftDown" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" /> <Setter TargetName="TopLeftDown" Property="Opacity" Value="100" /> </Trigger> <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False"> <Setter TargetName="TopNormal" Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" /> <Setter TargetName="TopDisabled" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" /> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </Button.Template> </Button>   <Button Name="LeftSide" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" Canvas.Left="100" Canvas.Top="60" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" MouseDown="Button_MouseDown_1"> <Button.Template> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}"> <Grid Width="34" Height="100"> <Canvas> <Image Name="TopLeftNormal" Source="Resources/topleft_off.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="0"></Image> <Image Name="TopLeftDown" Opacity="0" Source="Resources/topleft_leftdown.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="0" Visibility="Hidden" ></Image> <Image Name="Normal" Source="Resources/leftcenter_off.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Top="32" Canvas.Left="0"/> <Image Name="Pressed" Source="Resources/leftcenter_down.jpg" Visibility="Hidden" Canvas.Top="32" Height="34" Width="34" /> <Image Name="Disabled" Source="Resources/leftcenter_off.jpg" Visibility="Hidden" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Top="32" /> </Canvas> </Grid> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True"> <Setter TargetName="Normal" Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" /> <Setter TargetName="Pressed" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" /> <Setter TargetName="TopLeftNormal" Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" /> <Setter TargetName="TopLeftNormal" Property="Opacity" Value="0" /> <Setter TargetName="TopLeftDown" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" /> <Setter TargetName="TopLeftDown" Property="Opacity" Value="100" /> </Trigger> <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False"> <Setter TargetName="Normal" Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" /> <Setter TargetName="Disabled" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" /> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </Button.Template> </Button>   <Button xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="165" Canvas.Top="92" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" MouseDown="Button_MouseDown_2" > <Button.Template> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}"> <Grid> <Image Name="Normal" Source="Resources/rightcenter_off.jpg" /> <Image Name="Pressed" Source="Resources/rightcenter_down.jpg" Visibility="Hidden" /> <Image Name="Disabled" Source="Resources/rightcenter_off.jpg" Visibility="Hidden" /> </Grid> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True"> <Setter TargetName="Normal" Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" /> <Setter TargetName="Pressed" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" /> </Trigger> <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False"> <Setter TargetName="Normal" Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" /> <Setter TargetName="Disabled" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" /> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </Button.Template> </Button>   <Button xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="133" Canvas.Top="124" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" > <Button.Template> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}"> <Grid> <Image Name="BottomNormal" Source="Resources/bottomcenter_off.jpg" /> <Image Name="BottomPressed" Source="Resources/bottomcenter_down.jpg" Visibility="Hidden" /> <Image Name="BottomDisabled" Source="Resources/bottomcenter_off.jpg" Visibility="Hidden" /> </Grid> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True"> <Setter TargetName="BottomNormal" Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" /> <Setter TargetName="BottomPressed" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" /> </Trigger> <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False"> <Setter TargetName="BottomNormal" Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" /> <Setter TargetName="BottomDisabled" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" /> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </Button.Template> </Button>  <Image Source="Resources/bottomright_off.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="165" Canvas.Top="124"></Image> <Image Source="Resources/bottomleft_off.jpg" Height="34" Width="34" Canvas.Left="100" Canvas.Top="124"></Image>  </Canvas> </Grid>

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Help Optimizing MySQL Table (~ 500,000 records).

- by Pyrite

I have a MySQL table that collects player data from various game servers (Urban Terror). The bot that collects the data runs 24/7, and currently the table is up to about 475,000+ records. Because of this, querying this table from PHP has become quite slow. I wonder what I can do on the database side of things to make it as optomized as possible, then I can focus on the application to query the database. The table is as follows: CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `people` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(40) NOT NULL, `ip` int(4) unsigned NOT NULL, `guid` varchar(32) NOT NULL, `server` int(4) unsigned NOT NULL, `date` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `Person` (`name`,`ip`,`guid`), KEY `server` (`server`), KEY `date` (`date`), KEY `PlayerName` (`name`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 COMMENT='People that Play on Servers' AUTO_INCREMENT=475843 ; I'm storying the IPv4 (ip and server) as 4 byte integers, and using the MySQL functions NTOA(), etc to encode and decode, I heard that this way is faster, rather than varchar(15). The guid is a md5sum, 32 char hex. Date is stored as unix timestamp. I have a unique key on name, ip and guid, as to avoid duplicates of the same player. Do I have my keys setup right? Is the way I'm storing data efficient? Here is the code to query this table. You search for a name, ip, or guid, and it grabs the results of the query and cross references other records that match the name, ip, or guid from the results of the first query, and does it for each field. This is kind of hard to explain. But basically, if I search for one player by name, I'll see every other name he has used, every IP he has used and every GUID he has used. <form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" method="post"> Search: <input type="text" name="query" id="query" /><input type="submit" name="btnSubmit" value="Submit" /> </form> <?php if (!empty($_POST['query'])) { ?> <table cellspacing="1" id="1up_people" class="tablesorter" width="300"> <thead> <tr> <th>ID</th> <th>Player Name</th> <th>Player IP</th> <th>Player GUID</th> <th>Server</th> <th>Date</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <?php function super_unique($array) { $result = array_map("unserialize", array_unique(array_map("serialize", $array))); foreach ($result as $key => $value) { if ( is_array($value) ) { $result[$key] = super_unique($value); } } return $result; } if (!empty($_POST['query'])) { $query = trim($_POST['query']); $count = 0; $people = array(); $link = mysql_connect('localhost', 'mysqluser', 'yea right!'); if (!$link) { die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error()); } mysql_select_db("1up"); $sql = "SELECT id, name, INET_NTOA(ip) AS ip, guid, INET_NTOA(server) AS server, date FROM 1up_people WHERE (name LIKE \"%$query%\" OR INET_NTOA(ip) LIKE \"%$query%\" OR guid LIKE \"%$query%\")"; $result = mysql_query($sql, $link); if (!$result) { die(mysql_error()); } // Now take the initial results and parse each column into its own array while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_NUM)) { $name = htmlspecialchars($row[1]); $people[] = array( 'id' => $row[0], 'name' => $name, 'ip' => $row[2], 'guid' => $row[3], 'server' => $row[4], 'date' => $row[5] ); } // now for each name, ip, guid in results, find additonal records $people2 = array(); foreach ($people AS $person) { $ip = $person['ip']; $sql = "SELECT id, name, INET_NTOA(ip) AS ip, guid, INET_NTOA(server) AS server, date FROM 1up_people WHERE (ip = \"$ip\")"; $result = mysql_query($sql, $link); while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_NUM)) { $name = htmlspecialchars($row[1]); $people2[] = array( 'id' => $row[0], 'name' => $name, 'ip' => $row[2], 'guid' => $row[3], 'server' => $row[4], 'date' => $row[5] ); } } $people3 = array(); foreach ($people AS $person) { $guid = $person['guid']; $sql = "SELECT id, name, INET_NTOA(ip) AS ip, guid, INET_NTOA(server) AS server, date FROM 1up_people WHERE (guid = \"$guid\")"; $result = mysql_query($sql, $link); while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_NUM)) { $name = htmlspecialchars($row[1]); $people3[] = array( 'id' => $row[0], 'name' => $name, 'ip' => $row[2], 'guid' => $row[3], 'server' => $row[4], 'date' => $row[5] ); } } $people4 = array(); foreach ($people AS $person) { $name = $person['name']; $sql = "SELECT id, name, INET_NTOA(ip) AS ip, guid, INET_NTOA(server) AS server, date FROM 1up_people WHERE (name = \"$name\")"; $result = mysql_query($sql, $link); while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_NUM)) { $name = htmlspecialchars($row[1]); $people4[] = array( 'id' => $row[0], 'name' => $name, 'ip' => $row[2], 'guid' => $row[3], 'server' => $row[4], 'date' => $row[5] ); } } // Combine people and people2 into just people $people = array_merge($people, $people2); $people = array_merge($people, $people3); $people = array_merge($people, $people4); $people = super_unique($people); foreach ($people AS $person) { $date = ($person['date']) ? date("M d, Y", $person['date']) : 'Before 8/1/10'; echo "<tr>\n"; echo "<td>".$person['id']."</td>"; echo "<td>".$person['name']."</td>"; echo "<td>".$person['ip']."</td>"; echo "<td>".$person['guid']."</td>"; echo "<td>".$person['server']."</td>"; echo "<td>".$date."</td>"; echo "</tr>\n"; $count++; } // Find Total Records //$result = mysql_query("SELECT id FROM 1up_people", $link); //$total = mysql_num_rows($result); mysql_close($link); } ?> </tbody> </table> <p> <?php echo $count." Records Found for \"".$_POST['query']."\" out of $total"; ?> </p> <?php } $time_stop = microtime(true); print("Done (ran for ".round($time_stop-$time_start)." seconds)."); ?> Any help at all is appreciated! Thank you.

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Hosting the Razor Engine for Templating in Non-Web Applications

- by Rick Strahl

Microsoft’s new Razor HTML Rendering Engine that is currently shipping with ASP.NET MVC previews can be used outside of ASP.NET. Razor is an alternative view engine that can be used instead of the ASP.NET Page engine that currently works with ASP.NET WebForms and MVC. It provides a simpler and more readable markup syntax and is much more light weight in terms of functionality than the full blown WebForms Page engine, focusing only on features that are more along the lines of a pure view engine (or classic ASP!) with focus on expression and code rendering rather than a complex control/object model. Like the Page engine though, the parser understands .NET code syntax which can be embedded into templates, and behind the scenes the engine compiles markup and script code into an executing piece of .NET code in an assembly. Although it ships as part of the ASP.NET MVC and WebMatrix the Razor Engine itself is not directly dependent on ASP.NET or IIS or HTTP in any way. And although there are some markup and rendering features that are optimized for HTML based output generation, Razor is essentially a free standing template engine. And what’s really nice is that unlike the ASP.NET Runtime, Razor is fairly easy to host inside of your own non-Web applications to provide templating functionality. Templating in non-Web Applications? Yes please! So why might you host a template engine in your non-Web application? Template rendering is useful in many places and I have a number of applications that make heavy use of it. One of my applications – West Wind Html Help Builder - exclusively uses template based rendering to merge user supplied help text content into customizable and executable HTML markup templates that provide HTML output for CHM style HTML Help. This is an older product and it’s not actually using .NET at the moment – and this is one reason I’m looking at Razor for script hosting at the moment. For a few .NET applications though I’ve actually used the ASP.NET Runtime hosting to provide templating and mail merge style functionality and while that works reasonably well it’s a very heavy handed approach. It’s very resource intensive and has potential issues with versioning in various different versions of .NET. The generic implementation I created in the article above requires a lot of fix up to mimic an HTTP request in a non-HTTP environment and there are a lot of little things that have to happen to ensure that the ASP.NET runtime works properly most of it having nothing to do with the templating aspect but just satisfying ASP.NET’s requirements. The Razor Engine on the other hand is fairly light weight and completely decoupled from the ASP.NET runtime and the HTTP processing. Rather it’s a pure template engine whose sole purpose is to render text templates. Hosting this engine in your own applications can be accomplished with a reasonable amount of code (actually just a few lines with the tools I’m about to describe) and without having to fake HTTP requests. It’s also much lighter on resource usage and you can easily attach custom properties to your base template implementation to easily pass context from the parent application into templates all of which was rather complicated with ASP.NET runtime hosting. Installing the Razor Template Engine You can get Razor as part of the MVC 3 (RC and later) or Web Matrix. Both are available as downloadable components from the Web Platform Installer Version 3.0 (!important – V2 doesn’t show these components). If you already have that version of the WPI installed just fire it up. You can get the latest version of the Web Platform Installer from here: http://www.microsoft.com/web/gallery/install.aspx Once the platform Installer 3.0 is installed install either MVC 3 or ASP.NET Web Pages. Once installed you’ll find a System.Web.Razor assembly in C:\Program Files\Microsoft ASP.NET\ASP.NET Web Pages\v1.0\Assemblies\System.Web.Razor.dll which you can add as a reference to your project. Creating a Wrapper The basic Razor Hosting API is pretty simple and you can host Razor with a (large-ish) handful of lines of code. I’ll show the basics of it later in this article. However, if you want to customize the rendering and handle assembly and namespace includes for the markup as well as deal with text and file inputs as well as forcing Razor to run in a separate AppDomain so you can unload the code-generated assemblies and deal with assembly caching for re-used templates little more work is required to create something that is more easily reusable. For this reason I created a Razor Hosting wrapper project that combines a bunch of this functionality into an easy to use hosting class, a hosting factory that can load the engine in a separate AppDomain and a couple of hosting containers that provided folder based and string based caching for templates for an easily embeddable and reusable engine with easy to use syntax. If you just want the code and play with the samples and source go grab the latest code from the Subversion Repository at: http://www.west-wind.com:8080/svn/articles/trunk/RazorHosting/ or a snapshot from: http://www.west-wind.com/files/tools/RazorHosting.zip Getting Started Before I get into how hosting with Razor works, let’s take a look at how you can get up and running quickly with the wrapper classes provided. It only takes a few lines of code. The easiest way to use these Razor Hosting Wrappers is to use one of the two HostContainers provided. One is for hosting Razor scripts in a directory and rendering them as relative paths from these script files on disk. The other HostContainer serves razor scripts from string templates… Let’s start with a very simple template that displays some simple expressions, some code blocks and demonstrates rendering some data from contextual data that you pass to the template in the form of a ‘context’. Here’s a simple Razor template: @using System.Reflection Hello @Context.FirstName! Your entry was entered on: @Context.Entered @{ // Code block: Update the host Windows Form passed in through the context Context.WinForm.Text = "Hello World from Razor at " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } AppDomain Id: @AppDomain.CurrentDomain.FriendlyName Assembly: @Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().FullName Code based output: @{ // Write output with Response object from code string output = string.Empty; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { output += i.ToString() + " "; } Response.Write(output); } Pretty easy to see what’s going on here. The only unusual thing in this code is the Context object which is an arbitrary object I’m passing from the host to the template by way of the template base class. I’m also displaying the current AppDomain and the executing Assembly name so you can see how compiling and running a template actually loads up new assemblies. Also note that as part of my context I’m passing a reference to the current Windows Form down to the template and changing the title from within the script. It’s a silly example, but it demonstrates two-way communication between host and template and back which can be very powerful. The easiest way to quickly render this template is to use the RazorEngine<TTemplateBase> class. The generic parameter specifies a template base class type that is used by Razor internally to generate the class it generates from a template. The default implementation provided in my RazorHosting wrapper is RazorTemplateBase. Here’s a simple one that renders from a string and outputs a string: var engine = new RazorEngine<RazorTemplateBase>(); // we can pass any object as context - here create a custom context var context = new CustomContext() { WinForm = this, FirstName = "Rick", Entered = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-10) }; string output = engine.RenderTemplate(this.txtSource.Text new string[] { "System.Windows.Forms.dll" }, context); if (output == null) this.txtResult.Text = "*** ERROR:\r\n" + engine.ErrorMessage; else this.txtResult.Text = output; Simple enough. This code renders a template from a string input and returns a result back as a string. It creates a custom context and passes that to the template which can then access the Context’s properties. Note that anything passed as ‘context’ must be serializable (or MarshalByRefObject) – otherwise you get an exception when passing the reference over AppDomain boundaries (discussed later). Passing a context is optional, but is a key feature in being able to share data between the host application and the template. Note that we use the Context object to access FirstName, Entered and even the host Windows Form object which is used in the template to change the Window caption from within the script! In the code above all the work happens in the RenderTemplate method which provide a variety of overloads to read and write to and from strings, files and TextReaders/Writers. Here’s another example that renders from a file input using a TextReader: using (reader = new StreamReader("templates\\simple.csHtml", true)) { result = host.RenderTemplate(reader, new string[] { "System.Windows.Forms.dll" }, this.CustomContext); } RenderTemplate() is fairly high level and it handles loading of the runtime, compiling into an assembly and rendering of the template. If you want more control you can use the lower level methods to control each step of the way which is important for the HostContainers I’ll discuss later. Basically for those scenarios you want to separate out loading of the engine, compiling into an assembly and then rendering the template from the assembly. Why? So we can keep assemblies cached. In the code above a new assembly is created for each template rendered which is inefficient and uses up resources. Depending on the size of your templates and how often you fire them you can chew through memory very quickly. This slighter lower level approach is only a couple of extra steps: // we can pass any object as context - here create a custom context var context = new CustomContext() { WinForm = this, FirstName = "Rick", Entered = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-10) }; var engine = new RazorEngine<RazorTemplateBase>(); string assId = null; using (StringReader reader = new StringReader(this.txtSource.Text)) { assId = engine.ParseAndCompileTemplate(new string[] { "System.Windows.Forms.dll" }, reader); } string output = engine.RenderTemplateFromAssembly(assId, context); if (output == null) this.txtResult.Text = "*** ERROR:\r\n" + engine.ErrorMessage; else this.txtResult.Text = output; The difference here is that you can capture the assembly – or rather an Id to it – and potentially hold on to it to render again later assuming the template hasn’t changed. The HostContainers take advantage of this feature to cache the assemblies based on certain criteria like a filename and file time step or a string hash that if not change indicate that an assembly can be reused. Note that ParseAndCompileTemplate returns an assembly Id rather than the assembly itself. This is done so that that the assembly always stays in the host’s AppDomain and is not passed across AppDomain boundaries which would cause load failures. We’ll talk more about this in a minute but for now just realize that assemblies references are stored in a list and are accessible by this ID to allow locating and re-executing of the assembly based on that id. Reuse of the assembly avoids recompilation overhead and creation of yet another assembly that loads into the current AppDomain. You can play around with several different versions of the above code in the main sample form: Using Hosting Containers for more Control and Caching The above examples simply render templates into assemblies each and every time they are executed. While this works and is even reasonably fast, it’s not terribly efficient. If you render templates more than once it would be nice if you could cache the generated assemblies for example to avoid re-compiling and creating of a new assembly each time. Additionally it would be nice to load template assemblies into a separate AppDomain optionally to be able to be able to unload assembli es and also to protect your host application from scripting attacks with malicious template code. Hosting containers provide also provide a wrapper around the RazorEngine<T> instance, a factory (which allows creation in separate AppDomains) and an easy way to start and stop the container ‘runtime’. The Razor Hosting samples provide two hosting containers: RazorFolderHostContainer and StringHostContainer. The folder host provides a simple runtime environment for a folder structure similar in the way that the ASP.NET runtime handles a virtual directory as it’s ‘application' root. Templates are loaded from disk in relative paths and the resulting assemblies are cached unless the template on disk is changed. The string host also caches templates based on string hashes – if the same string is passed a second time a cached version of the assembly is used. Here’s how HostContainers work. I’ll use the FolderHostContainer because it’s likely the most common way you’d use templates – from disk based templates that can be easily edited and maintained on disk. The first step is to create an instance of it and keep it around somewhere (in the example it’s attached as a property to the Form): RazorFolderHostContainer Host = new RazorFolderHostContainer(); public RazorFolderHostForm() { InitializeComponent(); // The base path for templates - templates are rendered with relative paths // based on this path. Host.TemplatePath = Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, TemplateBaseFolder); // Add any assemblies you want reference in your templates Host.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Windows.Forms.dll"); // Start up the host container Host.Start(); } Next anytime you want to render a template you can use simple code like this: private void RenderTemplate(string fileName) { // Pass the template path via the Context var relativePath = Utilities.GetRelativePath(fileName, Host.TemplatePath); if (!Host.RenderTemplate(relativePath, this.Context, Host.RenderingOutputFile)) { MessageBox.Show("Error: " + Host.ErrorMessage); return; } this.webBrowser1.Navigate("file://" + Host.RenderingOutputFile); } You can also render the output to a string instead of to a file: string result = Host.RenderTemplateToString(relativePath,context); Finally if you want to release the engine and shut down the hosting AppDomain you can simply do: Host.Stop(); Stopping the AppDomain and restarting it (ie. calling Stop(); followed by Start()) is also a nice way to release all resources in the AppDomain. The FolderBased domain also supports partial Rendering based on root path based relative paths with the same caching characteristics as the main templates. From within a template you can call out to a partial like this: @RenderPartial(@"partials\PartialRendering.cshtml", Context) where partials\PartialRendering.cshtml is a relative to the template root folder. The folder host example lets you load up templates from disk and display the result in a Web Browser control which demonstrates using Razor HTML output from templates that contain HTML syntax which happens to me my target scenario for Html Help Builder. The Razor Engine Wrapper Project The project I created to wrap Razor hosting has a fair bit of code and a number of classes associated with it. Most of the components are internally used and as you can see using the final RazorEngine<T> and HostContainer classes is pretty easy. The classes are extensible and I suspect developers will want to build more customized host containers for their applications. Host containers are the key to wrapping up all functionality – Engine, BaseTemplate, AppDomain Hosting, Caching etc in a logical piece that is ready to be plugged into an application. When looking at the code there are a couple of core features provided: Core Razor Engine Hosting This is the core Razor hosting which provides the basics of loading a template, compiling it into an assembly and executing it. This is fairly straightforward, but without a host container that can cache assemblies based on some criteria templates are recompiled and re-created each time which is inefficient (although pretty fast). The base engine wrapper implementation also supports hosting the Razor runtime in a separate AppDomain for security and the ability to unload it on demand. Host Containers The engine hosting itself doesn’t provide any sort of ‘runtime’ service like picking up files from disk, caching assemblies and so forth. So my implementation provides two HostContainers: RazorFolderHostContainer and RazorStringHostContainer. The FolderHost works off a base directory and loads templates based on relative paths (sort of like the ASP.NET runtime does off a virtual). The HostContainers also deal with caching of template assemblies – for the folder host the file date is tracked and checked for updates and unless the template is changed a cached assembly is reused. The StringHostContainer similiarily checks string hashes to figure out whether a particular string template was previously compiled and executed. The HostContainers also act as a simple startup environment and a single reference to easily store and reuse in an application. TemplateBase Classes The template base classes are the base classes that from which the Razor engine generates .NET code. A template is parsed into a class with an Execute() method and the class is based on this template type you can specify. RazorEngine<TBaseTemplate> can receive this type and the HostContainers default to specific templates in their base implementations. Template classes are customizable to allow you to create templates that provide application specific features and interaction from the template to your host application. How does the RazorEngine wrapper work? You can browse the source code in the links above or in the repository or download the source, but I’ll highlight some key features here. Here’s part of the RazorEngine implementation that can be used to host the runtime and that demonstrates the key code required to host the Razor runtime. The RazorEngine class is implemented as a generic class to reflect the Template base class type: public class RazorEngine<TBaseTemplateType> : MarshalByRefObject where TBaseTemplateType : RazorTemplateBase The generic type is used to internally provide easier access to the template type and assignments on it as part of the template processing. The class also inherits MarshalByRefObject to allow execution over AppDomain boundaries – something that all the classes discussed here need to do since there is much interaction between the host and the template. The first two key methods deal with creating a template assembly: /// <summary> /// Creates an instance of the RazorHost with various options applied. /// Applies basic namespace imports and the name of the class to generate /// </summary> /// <param name="generatedNamespace"></param> /// <param name="generatedClass"></param> /// <returns></returns> protected RazorTemplateEngine CreateHost(string generatedNamespace, string generatedClass) { Type baseClassType = typeof(TBaseTemplateType); RazorEngineHost host = new RazorEngineHost(new CSharpRazorCodeLanguage()); host.DefaultBaseClass = baseClassType.FullName; host.DefaultClassName = generatedClass; host.DefaultNamespace = generatedNamespace; host.NamespaceImports.Add("System"); host.NamespaceImports.Add("System.Text"); host.NamespaceImports.Add("System.Collections.Generic"); host.NamespaceImports.Add("System.Linq"); host.NamespaceImports.Add("System.IO"); return new RazorTemplateEngine(host); } /// <summary> /// Parses and compiles a markup template into an assembly and returns /// an assembly name. The name is an ID that can be passed to /// ExecuteTemplateByAssembly which picks up a cached instance of the /// loaded assembly. /// /// </summary> /// <param name="namespaceOfGeneratedClass">The namespace of the class to generate from the template</param> /// <param name="generatedClassName">The name of the class to generate from the template</param> /// <param name="ReferencedAssemblies">Any referenced assemblies by dll name only. Assemblies must be in execution path of host or in GAC.</param> /// <param name="templateSourceReader">Textreader that loads the template</param> /// <remarks> /// The actual assembly isn't returned here to allow for cross-AppDomain /// operation. If the assembly was returned it would fail for cross-AppDomain /// calls. /// </remarks> /// <returns>An assembly Id. The Assembly is cached in memory and can be used with RenderFromAssembly.</returns> public string ParseAndCompileTemplate( string namespaceOfGeneratedClass, string generatedClassName, string[] ReferencedAssemblies, TextReader templateSourceReader) { RazorTemplateEngine engine = CreateHost(namespaceOfGeneratedClass, generatedClassName); // Generate the template class as CodeDom GeneratorResults razorResults = engine.GenerateCode(templateSourceReader); // Create code from the codeDom and compile CSharpCodeProvider codeProvider = new CSharpCodeProvider(); CodeGeneratorOptions options = new CodeGeneratorOptions(); // Capture Code Generated as a string for error info // and debugging LastGeneratedCode = null; using (StringWriter writer = new StringWriter()) { codeProvider.GenerateCodeFromCompileUnit(razorResults.GeneratedCode, writer, options); LastGeneratedCode = writer.ToString(); } CompilerParameters compilerParameters = new CompilerParameters(ReferencedAssemblies); // Standard Assembly References compilerParameters.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll"); compilerParameters.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Core.dll"); compilerParameters.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("Microsoft.CSharp.dll"); // dynamic support! // Also add the current assembly so RazorTemplateBase is available compilerParameters.ReferencedAssemblies.Add(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().CodeBase.Substring(8)); compilerParameters.GenerateInMemory = Configuration.CompileToMemory; if (!Configuration.CompileToMemory) compilerParameters.OutputAssembly = Path.Combine(Configuration.TempAssemblyPath, "_" + Guid.NewGuid().ToString("n") + ".dll"); CompilerResults compilerResults = codeProvider.CompileAssemblyFromDom(compilerParameters, razorResults.GeneratedCode); if (compilerResults.Errors.Count > 0) { var compileErrors = new StringBuilder(); foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError compileError in compilerResults.Errors) compileErrors.Append(String.Format(Resources.LineX0TColX1TErrorX2RN, compileError.Line, compileError.Column, compileError.ErrorText)); this.SetError(compileErrors.ToString() + "\r\n" + LastGeneratedCode); return null; } AssemblyCache.Add(compilerResults.CompiledAssembly.FullName, compilerResults.CompiledAssembly); return compilerResults.CompiledAssembly.FullName; } Think of the internal CreateHost() method as setting up the assembly generated from each template. Each template compiles into a separate assembly. It sets up namespaces, and assembly references, the base class used and the name and namespace for the generated class. ParseAndCompileTemplate() then calls the CreateHost() method to receive the template engine generator which effectively generates a CodeDom from the template – the template is turned into .NET code. The code generated from our earlier example looks something like this: //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // <auto-generated> // This code was generated by a tool. // Runtime Version:4.0.30319.1 // // Changes to this file may cause incorrect behavior and will be lost if // the code is regenerated. // </auto-generated> //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ namespace RazorTest { using System; using System.Text; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.IO; using System.Reflection; public class RazorTemplate : RazorHosting.RazorTemplateBase { #line hidden public RazorTemplate() { } public override void Execute() { WriteLiteral("Hello "); Write(Context.FirstName); WriteLiteral("! Your entry was entered on: "); Write(Context.Entered); WriteLiteral("\r\n\r\n"); // Code block: Update the host Windows Form passed in through the context Context.WinForm.Text = "Hello World from Razor at " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); WriteLiteral("\r\nAppDomain Id:\r\n "); Write(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.FriendlyName); WriteLiteral("\r\n \r\nAssembly:\r\n "); Write(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().FullName); WriteLiteral("\r\n\r\nCode based output: \r\n"); // Write output with Response object from code string output = string.Empty; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { output += i.ToString() + " "; } } } } Basically the template’s body is turned into code in an Execute method that is called. Internally the template’s Write method is fired to actually generate the output. Note that the class inherits from RazorTemplateBase which is the generic parameter I used to specify the base class when creating an instance in my RazorEngine host: var engine = new RazorEngine<RazorTemplateBase>(); This template class must be provided and it must implement an Execute() and Write() method. Beyond that you can create any class you chose and attach your own properties. My RazorTemplateBase class implementation is very simple: public class RazorTemplateBase : MarshalByRefObject, IDisposable { /// <summary> /// You can pass in a generic context object /// to use in your template code /// </summary> public dynamic Context { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Class that generates output. Currently ultra simple /// with only Response.Write() implementation. /// </summary> public RazorResponse Response { get; set; } public object HostContainer {get; set; } public object Engine { get; set; } public RazorTemplateBase() { Response = new RazorResponse(); } public virtual void Write(object value) { Response.Write(value); } public virtual void WriteLiteral(object value) { Response.Write(value); } /// <summary> /// Razor Parser implements this method /// </summary> public virtual void Execute() {} public virtual void Dispose() { if (Response != null) { Response.Dispose(); Response = null; } } } Razor fills in the Execute method when it generates its subclass and uses the Write() method to output content. As you can see I use a RazorResponse() class here to generate output. This isn’t necessary really, as you could use a StringBuilder or StringWriter() directly, but I prefer using Response object so I can extend the Response behavior as needed. The RazorResponse class is also very simple and merely acts as a wrapper around a TextWriter: public class RazorResponse : IDisposable { /// <summary> /// Internal text writer - default to StringWriter() /// </summary> public TextWriter Writer = new StringWriter(); public virtual void Write(object value) { Writer.Write(value); } public virtual void WriteLine(object value) { Write(value); Write("\r\n"); } public virtual void WriteFormat(string format, params object[] args) { Write(string.Format(format, args)); } public override string ToString() { return Writer.ToString(); } public virtual void Dispose() { Writer.Close(); } public virtual void SetTextWriter(TextWriter writer) { // Close original writer if (Writer != null) Writer.Close(); Writer = writer; } } The Rendering Methods of RazorEngine At this point I’ve talked about the assembly generation logic and the template implementation itself. What’s left is that once you’ve generated the assembly is to execute it. The code to do this is handled in the various RenderXXX methods of the RazorEngine class. Let’s look at the lowest level one of these which is RenderTemplateFromAssembly() and a couple of internal support methods that handle instantiating and invoking of the generated template method: public string RenderTemplateFromAssembly( string assemblyId, string generatedNamespace, string generatedClass, object context, TextWriter outputWriter) { this.SetError(); Assembly generatedAssembly = AssemblyCache[assemblyId]; if (generatedAssembly == null) { this.SetError(Resources.PreviouslyCompiledAssemblyNotFound); return null; } string className = generatedNamespace + "." + generatedClass; Type type; try { type = generatedAssembly.GetType(className); } catch (Exception ex) { this.SetError(Resources.UnableToCreateType + className + ": " + ex.Message); return null; } // Start with empty non-error response (if we use a writer) string result = string.Empty; using(TBaseTemplateType instance = InstantiateTemplateClass(type)) { if (instance == null) return null; if (outputWriter != null) instance.Response.SetTextWriter(outputWriter); if (!InvokeTemplateInstance(instance, context)) return null; // Capture string output if implemented and return // otherwise null is returned if (outputWriter == null) result = instance.Response.ToString(); } return result; } protected virtual TBaseTemplateType InstantiateTemplateClass(Type type) { TBaseTemplateType instance = Activator.CreateInstance(type) as TBaseTemplateType; if (instance == null) { SetError(Resources.CouldnTActivateTypeInstance + type.FullName); return null; } instance.Engine = this; // If a HostContainer was set pass that to the template too instance.HostContainer = this.HostContainer; return instance; } /// <summary> /// Internally executes an instance of the template, /// captures errors on execution and returns true or false /// </summary> /// <param name="instance">An instance of the generated template</param> /// <returns>true or false - check ErrorMessage for errors</returns> protected virtual bool InvokeTemplateInstance(TBaseTemplateType instance, object context) { try { instance.Context = context; instance.Execute(); } catch (Exception ex) { this.SetError(Resources.TemplateExecutionError + ex.Message); return false; } finally { // Must make sure Response is closed instance.Response.Dispose(); } return true; } The RenderTemplateFromAssembly method basically requires the namespace and class to instantate and creates an instance of the class using InstantiateTemplateClass(). It then invokes the method with InvokeTemplateInstance(). These two methods are broken out because they are re-used by various other rendering methods and also to allow subclassing and providing additional configuration tasks to set properties and pass values to templates at execution time. In the default mode instantiation sets the Engine and HostContainer (discussed later) so the template can call back into the template engine, and the context is set when the template method is invoked. The various RenderXXX methods use similar code although they create the assemblies first. If you’re after potentially cashing assemblies the method is the one to call and that’s exactly what the two HostContainer classes do. More on that in a minute, but before we get into HostContainers let’s talk about AppDomain hosting and the like. Running Templates in their own AppDomain With the RazorEngine class above, when a template is parsed into an assembly and executed the assembly is created (in memory or on disk – you can configure that) and cached in the current AppDomain. In .NET once an assembly has been loaded it can never be unloaded so if you’re loading lots of templates and at some time you want to release them there’s no way to do so. If however you load the assemblies in a separate AppDomain that new AppDomain can be unloaded and the assemblies loaded in it with it. In order to host the templates in a separate AppDomain the easiest thing to do is to run the entire RazorEngine in a separate AppDomain. Then all interaction occurs in the other AppDomain and no further changes have to be made. To facilitate this there is a RazorEngineFactory which has methods that can instantiate the RazorHost in a separate AppDomain as well as in the local AppDomain. The host creates the remote instance and then hangs on to it to keep it alive as well as providing methods to shut down the AppDomain and reload the engine. Sounds complicated but cross-AppDomain invocation is actually fairly easy to implement. Here’s some of the relevant code from the RazorEngineFactory class. Like the RazorEngine this class is generic and requires a template base type in the generic class name: public class RazorEngineFactory<TBaseTemplateType> where TBaseTemplateType : RazorTemplateBase Here are the key methods of interest: /// <summary> /// Creates an instance of the RazorHost in a new AppDomain. This /// version creates a static singleton that that is cached and you /// can call UnloadRazorHostInAppDomain to unload it. /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static RazorEngine<TBaseTemplateType> CreateRazorHostInAppDomain() { if (Current == null) Current = new RazorEngineFactory<TBaseTemplateType>(); return Current.GetRazorHostInAppDomain(); } public static void UnloadRazorHostInAppDomain() { if (Current != null) Current.UnloadHost(); Current = null; } /// <summary> /// Instance method that creates a RazorHost in a new AppDomain. /// This method requires that you keep the Factory around in /// order to keep the AppDomain alive and be able to unload it. /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public RazorEngine<TBaseTemplateType> GetRazorHostInAppDomain() { LocalAppDomain = CreateAppDomain(null); if (LocalAppDomain == null) return null; /// Create the instance inside of the new AppDomain /// Note: remote domain uses local EXE's AppBasePath!!! RazorEngine<TBaseTemplateType> host = null; try { Assembly ass = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly(); string AssemblyPath = ass.Location; host = (RazorEngine<TBaseTemplateType>) LocalAppDomain.CreateInstanceFrom(AssemblyPath, typeof(RazorEngine<TBaseTemplateType>).FullName).Unwrap(); } catch (Exception ex) { ErrorMessage = ex.Message; return null; } return host; } /// <summary> /// Internally creates a new AppDomain in which Razor templates can /// be run. /// </summary> /// <param name="appDomainName"></param> /// <returns></returns> private AppDomain CreateAppDomain(string appDomainName) { if (appDomainName == null) appDomainName = "RazorHost_" + Guid.NewGuid().ToString("n"); AppDomainSetup setup = new AppDomainSetup(); // *** Point at current directory setup.ApplicationBase = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory; AppDomain localDomain = AppDomain.CreateDomain(appDomainName, null, setup); return localDomain; } /// <summary> /// Allow unloading of the created AppDomain to release resources /// All internal resources in the AppDomain are released including /// in memory compiled Razor assemblies. /// </summary> public void UnloadHost() { if (this.LocalAppDomain != null) { AppDomain.Unload(this.LocalAppDomain); this.LocalAppDomain = null; } } The static CreateRazorHostInAppDomain() is the key method that startup code usually calls. It uses a Current singleton instance to an instance of itself that is created cross AppDomain and is kept alive because it’s static. GetRazorHostInAppDomain actually creates a cross-AppDomain instance which first creates a new AppDomain and then loads the RazorEngine into it. The remote Proxy instance is returned as a result to the method and can be used the same as a local instance. The code to run with a remote AppDomain is simple: private RazorEngine<RazorTemplateBase> CreateHost() { if (this.Host != null) return this.Host; // Use Static Methods - no error message if host doesn't load this.Host = RazorEngineFactory<RazorTemplateBase>.CreateRazorHostInAppDomain(); if (this.Host == null) { MessageBox.Show("Unable to load Razor Template Host", "Razor Hosting", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation); } return this.Host; } This code relies on a local reference of the Host which is kept around for the duration of the app (in this case a form reference). To use this you’d simply do: this.Host = CreateHost(); if (host == null) return; string result = host.RenderTemplate( this.txtSource.Text, new string[] { "System.Windows.Forms.dll", "Westwind.Utilities.dll" }, this.CustomContext); if (result == null) { MessageBox.Show(host.ErrorMessage, "Template Execution Error", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation); return; } this.txtResult.Text = result; Now all templates run in a remote AppDomain and can be unloaded with simple code like this: RazorEngineFactory<RazorTemplateBase>.UnloadRazorHostInAppDomain(); this.Host = null; One Step further – Providing a caching ‘Runtime’ Once we can load templates in a remote AppDomain we can add some additional functionality like assembly caching based on application specific features. One of my typical scenarios is to render templates out of a scripts folder. So all templates live in a folder and they change infrequently. So a Folder based host that can compile these templates once and then only recompile them if something changes would be ideal. Enter host containers which are basically wrappers around the RazorEngine<t> and RazorEngineFactory<t>. They provide additional logic for things like file caching based on changes on disk or string hashes for string based template inputs. The folder host also provides for partial rendering logic through a custom template base implementation. There’s a base implementation in RazorBaseHostContainer, which provides the basics for hosting a RazorEngine, which includes the ability to start and stop the engine, cache assemblies and add references: public abstract class RazorBaseHostContainer<TBaseTemplateType> : MarshalByRefObject where TBaseTemplateType : RazorTemplateBase, new() { public RazorBaseHostContainer() { UseAppDomain = true; GeneratedNamespace = "__RazorHost"; } /// <summary> /// Determines whether the Container hosts Razor /// in a separate AppDomain. Seperate AppDomain /// hosting allows unloading and releasing of /// resources. /// </summary> public bool UseAppDomain { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Base folder location where the AppDomain /// is hosted. By default uses the same folder /// as the host application. /// /// Determines where binary dependencies are /// found for assembly references. /// </summary> public string BaseBinaryFolder { get; set; } /// <summary> /// List of referenced assemblies as string values. /// Must be in GAC or in the current folder of the host app/ /// base BinaryFolder /// </summary> public List<string> ReferencedAssemblies = new List<string>(); /// <summary> /// Name of the generated namespace for template classes /// </summary> public string GeneratedNamespace {get; set; } /// <summary> /// Any error messages /// </summary> public string ErrorMessage { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Cached instance of the Host. Required to keep the /// reference to the host alive for multiple uses. /// </summary> public RazorEngine<TBaseTemplateType> Engine; /// <summary> /// Cached instance of the Host Factory - so we can unload /// the host and its associated AppDomain. /// </summary> protected RazorEngineFactory<TBaseTemplateType> EngineFactory; /// <summary> /// Keep track of each compiled assembly /// and when it was compiled. /// /// Use a hash of the string to identify string /// changes. /// </summary> protected Dictionary<int, CompiledAssemblyItem> LoadedAssemblies = new Dictionary<int, CompiledAssemblyItem>(); /// <summary> /// Call to start the Host running. Follow by a calls to RenderTemplate to /// render individual templates. Call Stop when done. /// </summary> /// <returns>true or false - check ErrorMessage on false </returns> public virtual bool Start() { if (Engine == null) { if (UseAppDomain) Engine = RazorEngineFactory<TBaseTemplateType>.CreateRazorHostInAppDomain(); else Engine = RazorEngineFactory<TBaseTemplateType>.CreateRazorHost(); Engine.Configuration.CompileToMemory = true; Engine.HostContainer = this; if (Engine == null) { this.ErrorMessage = EngineFactory.ErrorMessage; return false; } } return true; } /// <summary> /// Stops the Host and releases the host AppDomain and cached /// assemblies. /// </summary> /// <returns>true or false</returns> public bool Stop() { this.LoadedAssemblies.Clear(); RazorEngineFactory<RazorTemplateBase>.UnloadRazorHostInAppDomain(); this.Engine = null; return true; } … } This base class provides most of the mechanics to host the runtime, but no application specific implementation for rendering. There are rendering functions but they just call the engine directly and provide no caching – there’s no context to decide how to cache and reuse templates. The key methods are Start and Stop and their main purpose is to start a new AppDomain (optionally) and shut it down when requested. The RazorFolderHostContainer – Folder Based Runtime Hosting Let’s look at the more application specific RazorFolderHostContainer implementation which is defined like this: public class RazorFolderHostContainer : RazorBaseHostContainer<RazorTemplateFolderHost> Note that a customized RazorTemplateFolderHost class template is used for this implementation that supports partial rendering in form of a RenderPartial() method that’s available to templates. The folder host’s features are: Render templates based on a Template Base Path (a ‘virtual’ if you will) Cache compiled assemblies based on the relative path and file time stamp File changes on templates cause templates to be recompiled into new assemblies Support for partial rendering using base folder relative pathing As shown in the startup examples earlier host containers require some startup code with a HostContainer tied to a persistent property (like a Form property): // The base path for templates - templates are rendered with relative paths // based on this path. HostContainer.TemplatePath = Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, TemplateBaseFolder); // Default output rendering disk location HostContainer.RenderingOutputFile = Path.Combine(HostContainer.TemplatePath, "__Preview.htm"); // Add any assemblies you want reference in your templates HostContainer.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Windows.Forms.dll"); // Start up the host container HostContainer.Start(); Once that’s done, you can render templates with the host container: // Pass the template path for full filename seleted with OpenFile Dialog // relativepath is: subdir\file.cshtml or file.cshtml or ..\file.cshtml var relativePath = Utilities.GetRelativePath(fileName, HostContainer.TemplatePath); if (!HostContainer.RenderTemplate(relativePath, Context, HostContainer.RenderingOutputFile)) { MessageBox.Show("Error: " + HostContainer.ErrorMessage); return; } webBrowser1.Navigate("file://" + HostContainer.RenderingOutputFile); The most critical task of the RazorFolderHostContainer implementation is to retrieve a template from disk, compile and cache it and then deal with deciding whether subsequent requests need to re-compile the template or simply use a cached version. Internally the GetAssemblyFromFileAndCache() handles this task: /// <summary> /// Internally checks if a cached assembly exists and if it does uses it /// else creates and compiles one. Returns an assembly Id to be /// used with the LoadedAssembly list. /// </summary> /// <param name="relativePath"></param> /// <param name="context"></param> /// <returns></returns> protected virtual CompiledAssemblyItem GetAssemblyFromFileAndCache(string relativePath) { string fileName = Path.Combine(TemplatePath, relativePath).ToLower(); int fileNameHash = fileName.GetHashCode(); if (!File.Exists(fileName)) { this.SetError(Resources.TemplateFileDoesnTExist + fileName); return null; } CompiledAssemblyItem item = null; this.LoadedAssemblies.TryGetValue(fileNameHash, out item); string assemblyId = null; // Check for cached instance if (item != null) { var fileTime = File.GetLastWriteTimeUtc(fileName); if (fileTime <= item.CompileTimeUtc) assemblyId = item.AssemblyId; } else item = new CompiledAssemblyItem(); // No cached instance - create assembly and cache if (assemblyId == null) { string safeClassName = GetSafeClassName(fileName); StreamReader reader = null; try { reader = new StreamReader(fileName, true); } catch (Exception ex) { this.SetError(Resources.ErrorReadingTemplateFile + fileName); return null; } assemblyId = Engine.ParseAndCompileTemplate(this.ReferencedAssemblies.ToArray(), reader); // need to ensure reader is closed if (reader != null) reader.Close(); if (assemblyId == null) { this.SetError(Engine.ErrorMessage); return null; } item.AssemblyId = assemblyId; item.CompileTimeUtc = DateTime.UtcNow; item.FileName = fileName; item.SafeClassName = safeClassName; this.LoadedAssemblies[fileNameHash] = item; } return item; } This code uses a LoadedAssembly dictionary which is comprised of a structure that holds a reference to a compiled assembly, a full filename and file timestamp and an assembly id. LoadedAssemblies (defined on the base class shown earlier) is essentially a cache for compiled assemblies and they are identified by a hash id. In the case of files the hash is a GetHashCode() from the full filename of the template. The template is checked for in the cache and if not found the file stamp is checked. If that’s newer than the cache’s compilation date the template is recompiled otherwise the version in the cache is used. All the core work defers to a RazorEngine<T> instance to ParseAndCompileTemplate(). The three rendering specific methods then are rather simple implementations with just a few lines of code dealing with parameter and return value parsing: /// <summary> /// Renders a template to a TextWriter. Useful to write output into a stream or /// the Response object. Used for partial rendering. /// </summary> /// <param name="relativePath">Relative path to the file in the folder structure</param> /// <param name="context">Optional context object or null</param> /// <param name="writer">The textwriter to write output into</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool RenderTemplate(string relativePath, object context, TextWriter writer) { // Set configuration data that is to be passed to the template (any object) Engine.TemplatePerRequestConfigurationData = new RazorFolderHostTemplateConfiguration() { TemplatePath = Path.Combine(this.TemplatePath, relativePath), TemplateRelativePath = relativePath, }; CompiledAssemblyItem item = GetAssemblyFromFileAndCache(relativePath); if (item == null) { writer.Close(); return false; } try { // String result will be empty as output will be rendered into the // Response object's stream output. However a null result denotes // an error string result = Engine.RenderTemplateFromAssembly(item.AssemblyId, context, writer); if (result == null) { this.SetError(Engine.ErrorMessage); return false; } } catch (Exception ex) { this.SetError(ex.Message); return false; } finally { writer.Close(); } return true; } /// <summary> /// Render a template from a source file on disk to a specified outputfile. /// </summary> /// <param name="relativePath">Relative path off the template root folder. Format: path/filename.cshtml</param> /// <param name="context">Any object that will be available in the template as a dynamic of this.Context</param> /// <param name="outputFile">Optional - output file where output is written to. If not specified the /// RenderingOutputFile property is used instead /// </param> /// <returns>true if rendering succeeds, false on failure - check ErrorMessage</returns> public bool RenderTemplate(string relativePath, object context, string outputFile) { if (outputFile == null) outputFile = RenderingOutputFile; try { using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(outputFile, false, Engine.Configuration.OutputEncoding, Engine.Configuration.StreamBufferSize)) { return RenderTemplate(relativePath, context, writer); } } catch (Exception ex) { this.SetError(ex.Message); return false; } return true; } /// <summary> /// Renders a template to string. Useful for RenderTemplate /// </summary> /// <param name="relativePath"></param> /// <param name="context"></param> /// <returns></returns> public string RenderTemplateToString(string relativePath, object context) { string result = string.Empty; try { using (StringWriter writer = new StringWriter()) { // String result will be empty as output will be rendered into the // Response object's stream output. However a null result denotes // an error if (!RenderTemplate(relativePath, context, writer)) { this.SetError(Engine.ErrorMessage); return null; } result = writer.ToString(); } } catch (Exception ex) { this.SetError(ex.Message); return null; } return result; } The idea is that you can create custom host container implementations that do exactly what you want fairly easily. Take a look at both the RazorFolderHostContainer and RazorStringHostContainer classes for the basic concepts you can use to create custom implementations. Notice also that you can set the engine’s PerRequestConfigurationData() from the host container: // Set configuration data that is to be passed to the template (any object) Engine.TemplatePerRequestConfigurationData = new RazorFolderHostTemplateConfiguration() { TemplatePath = Path.Combine(this.TemplatePath, relativePath), TemplateRelativePath = relativePath, }; which when set to a non-null value is passed to the Template’s InitializeTemplate() method. This method receives an object parameter which you can cast as needed: public override void InitializeTemplate(object configurationData) { // Pick up configuration data and stuff into Request object RazorFolderHostTemplateConfiguration config = configurationData as RazorFolderHostTemplateConfiguration; this.Request.TemplatePath = config.TemplatePath; this.Request.TemplateRelativePath = config.TemplateRelativePath; } With this data you can then configure any custom properties or objects on your main template class. It’s an easy way to pass data from the HostContainer all the way down into the template. The type you use is of type object so you have to cast it yourself, and it must be serializable since it will likely run in a separate AppDomain. This might seem like an ugly way to pass data around – normally I’d use an event delegate to call back from the engine to the host, but since this is running over AppDomain boundaries events get really tricky and passing a template instance back up into the host over AppDomain boundaries doesn’t work due to serialization issues. So it’s easier to pass the data from the host down into the template using this rather clumsy approach of set and forward. It’s ugly, but it’s something that can be hidden in the host container implementation as I’ve done here. It’s also not something you have to do in every implementation so this is kind of an edge case, but I know I’ll need to pass a bunch of data in some of my applications and this will be the easiest way to do so. Summing Up Hosting the Razor runtime is something I got jazzed up about quite a bit because I have an immediate need for this type of templating/merging/scripting capability in an application I’m working on. I’ve also been using templating in many apps and it’s always been a pain to deal with. The Razor engine makes this whole experience a lot cleaner and more light weight and with these wrappers I can now plug .NET based templating into my code literally with a few lines of code. That’s something to cheer about… I hope some of you will find this useful as well… Resources The examples and code require that you download the Razor runtimes. Projects are for Visual Studio 2010 running on .NET 4.0 Platform Installer 3.0 (install WebMatrix or MVC 3 for Razor Runtimes) Latest Code in Subversion Repository Download Snapshot of the Code Documentation (CHM Help File) © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in ASP.NET .NET

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Is there a Telecommunications Reference Architecture?

- by raul.goycoolea

@font-face { font-family: "Arial"; }@font-face { font-family: "Courier New"; }@font-face { font-family: "Wingdings"; }@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraph, li.MsoListParagraph, div.MsoListParagraph { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }ol { margin-bottom: 0cm; }ul { margin-bottom: 0cm; } Abstract Reference architecture provides needed architectural information that can be provided in advance to an enterprise to enable consistent architectural best practices. Enterprise Reference Architecture helps business owners to actualize their strategies, vision, objectives, and principles. It evaluates the IT systems, based on Reference Architecture goals, principles, and standards. It helps to reduce IT costs by increasing functionality, availability, scalability, etc. Telecom Reference Architecture provides customers with the flexibility to view bundled service bills online with the provision of multiple services. It provides real-time, flexible billing and charging systems, to handle complex promotions, discounts, and settlements with multiple parties. This paper attempts to describe the Reference Architecture for the Telecom Enterprises. It lays the foundation for a Telecom Reference Architecture by articulating the requirements, drivers, and pitfalls for telecom service providers. It describes generic reference architecture for telecom enterprises and moves on to explain how to achieve Enterprise Reference Architecture by using SOA. Introduction A Reference Architecture provides a methodology, set of practices, template, and standards based on a set of successful solutions implemented earlier. These solutions have been generalized and structured for the depiction of both a logical and a physical architecture, based on the harvesting of a set of patterns that describe observations in a number of successful implementations. It helps as a reference for the various architectures that an enterprise can implement to solve various problems. It can be used as the starting point or the point of comparisons for various departments/business entities of a company, or for the various companies for an enterprise. It provides multiple views for multiple stakeholders. Major artifacts of the Enterprise Reference Architecture are methodologies, standards, metadata, documents, design patterns, etc. Purpose of Reference Architecture In most cases, architects spend a lot of time researching, investigating, defining, and re-arguing architectural decisions. It is like reinventing the wheel as their peers in other organizations or even the same organization have already spent a lot of time and effort defining their own architectural practices. This prevents an organization from learning from its own experiences and applying that knowledge for increased effectiveness. Reference architecture provides missing architectural information that can be provided in advance to project team members to enable consistent architectural best practices. Enterprise Reference Architecture helps an enterprise to achieve the following at the abstract level: · Reference architecture is more of a communication channel to an enterprise · Helps the business owners to accommodate to their strategies, vision, objectives, and principles. · Evaluates the IT systems based on Reference Architecture Principles · Reduces IT spending through increasing functionality, availability, scalability, etc · A Real-time Integration Model helps to reduce the latency of the data updates Is used to define a single source of Information · Provides a clear view on how to manage information and security · Defines the policy around the data ownership, product boundaries, etc. · Helps with cost optimization across project and solution portfolios by eliminating unused or duplicate investments and assets · Has a shorter implementation time and cost Once the reference architecture is in place, the set of architectural principles, standards, reference models, and best practices ensure that the aligned investments have the greatest possible likelihood of success in both the near term and the long term (TCO). Common pitfalls for Telecom Service Providers Telecom Reference Architecture serves as the first step towards maturity for a telecom service provider. During the course of our assignments/experiences with telecom players, we have come across the following observations – Some of these indicate a lack of maturity of the telecom service provider: · In markets that are growing and not so mature, it has been observed that telcos have a significant amount of in-house or home-grown applications. In some of these markets, the growth has been so rapid that IT has been unable to cope with business demands. Telcos have shown a tendency to come up with workarounds in their IT applications so as to meet business needs. · Even for core functions like provisioning or mediation, some telcos have tried to manage with home-grown applications. · Most of the applications do not have the required scalability or maintainability to sustain growth in volumes or functionality. · Applications face interoperability issues with other applications in the operator's landscape. Integrating a new application or network element requires considerable effort on the part of the other applications. · Application boundaries are not clear, and functionality that is not in the initial scope of that application gets pushed onto it. This results in the development of the multiple, small applications without proper boundaries. · Usage of Legacy OSS/BSS systems, poor Integration across Multiple COTS Products and Internal Systems. Most of the Integrations are developed on ad-hoc basis and Point-to-Point Integration. · Redundancy of the business functions in different applications • Fragmented data across the different applications and no integrated view of the strategic data • Lot of performance Issues due to the usage of the complex integration across OSS and BSS systems However, this is where the maturity of the telecom industry as a whole can be of help. The collaborative efforts of telcos to overcome some of these problems have resulted in bodies like the TM Forum. They have come up with frameworks for business processes, data, applications, and technology for telecom service providers. These could be a good starting point for telcos to clean up their enterprise landscape. Industry Trends in Telecom Reference Architecture Telecom reference architectures are evolving rapidly because telcos are facing business and IT challenges. “The reality is that there probably is no killer application, no silver bullet that the telcos can latch onto to carry them into a 21st Century.... Instead, there are probably hundreds – perhaps thousands – of niche applications.... And the only way to find which of these works for you is to try out lots of them, ramp up the ones that work, and discontinue the ones that fail.” – Martin Creaner President & CTO TM Forum. The following trends have been observed in telecom reference architecture: · Transformation of business structures to align with customer requirements · Adoption of more Internet-like technical architectures. The Web 2.0 concept is increasingly being used. · Virtualization of the traditional operations support system (OSS) · Adoption of SOA to support development of IP-based services · Adoption of frameworks like Service Delivery Platforms (SDPs) and IP Multimedia Subsystem · (IMS) to enable seamless deployment of various services over fixed and mobile networks · Replacement of in-house, customized, and stove-piped OSS/BSS with standards-based COTS products · Compliance with industry standards and frameworks like eTOM, SID, and TAM to enable seamless integration with other standards-based products Drivers of Reference Architecture The drivers of the Reference Architecture are Reference Architecture Goals, Principles, and Enterprise Vision and Telecom Transformation. The details are depicted below diagram. @font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoCaption, li.MsoCaption, div.MsoCaption { margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(79, 129, 189); font-weight: bold; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; } Figure 1. Drivers for Reference Architecture @font-face { font-family: "Arial"; }@font-face { font-family: "Courier New"; }@font-face { font-family: "Wingdings"; }@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraph, li.MsoListParagraph, div.MsoListParagraph { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }ol { margin-bottom: 0cm; }ul { margin-bottom: 0cm; } Today’s telecom reference architectures should seamlessly integrate traditional legacy-based applications and transition to next-generation network technologies (e.g., IP multimedia subsystems). This has resulted in new requirements for flexible, real-time billing and OSS/BSS systems and implications on the service provider’s organizational requirements and structure. Telecom reference architectures are today expected to: · Integrate voice, messaging, email and other VAS over fixed and mobile networks, back end systems · Be able to provision multiple services and service bundles • Deliver converged voice, video and data services · Leverage the existing Network Infrastructure · Provide real-time, flexible billing and charging systems to handle complex promotions, discounts, and settlements with multiple parties. · Support charging of advanced data services such as VoIP, On-Demand, Services (e.g. Video), IMS/SIP Services, Mobile Money, Content Services and IPTV. · Help in faster deployment of new services • Serve as an effective platform for collaboration between network IT and business organizations · Harness the potential of converging technology, networks, devices and content to develop multimedia services and solutions of ever-increasing sophistication on a single Internet Protocol (IP) · Ensure better service delivery and zero revenue leakage through real-time balance and credit management · Lower operating costs to drive profitability Enterprise Reference Architecture The Enterprise Reference Architecture (RA) fills the gap between the concepts and vocabulary defined by the reference model and the implementation. Reference architecture provides detailed architectural information in a common format such that solutions can be repeatedly designed and deployed in a consistent, high-quality, supportable fashion. This paper attempts to describe the Reference Architecture for the Telecom Application Usage and how to achieve the Enterprise Level Reference Architecture using SOA. • Telecom Reference Architecture • Enterprise SOA based Reference Architecture Telecom Reference Architecture Tele Management Forum’s New Generation Operations Systems and Software (NGOSS) is an architectural framework for organizing, integrating, and implementing telecom systems. NGOSS is a component-based framework consisting of the following elements: · The enhanced Telecom Operations Map (eTOM) is a business process framework. · The Shared Information Data (SID) model provides a comprehensive information framework that may be specialized for the needs of a particular organization. · The Telecom Application Map (TAM) is an application framework to depict the functional footprint of applications, relative to the horizontal processes within eTOM. · The Technology Neutral Architecture (TNA) is an integrated framework. TNA is an architecture that is sustainable through technology changes. NGOSS Architecture Standards are: · Centralized data · Loosely coupled distributed systems · Application components/re-use · A technology-neutral system framework with technology specific implementations · Interoperability to service provider data/processes · Allows more re-use of business components across multiple business scenarios · Workflow automation The traditional operator systems architecture consists of four layers, · Business Support System (BSS) layer, with focus toward customers and business partners. Manages order, subscriber, pricing, rating, and billing information. · Operations Support System (OSS) layer, built around product, service, and resource inventories. · Networks layer – consists of Network elements and 3rd Party Systems. · Integration Layer – to maximize application communication and overall solution flexibility. Reference architecture for telecom enterprises is depicted below. @font-face { font-family: "Arial"; }@font-face { font-family: "Courier New"; }@font-face { font-family: "Wingdings"; }@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoCaption, li.MsoCaption, div.MsoCaption { margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(79, 129, 189); font-weight: bold; }p.MsoListParagraph, li.MsoListParagraph, div.MsoListParagraph { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }ol { margin-bottom: 0cm; }ul { margin-bottom: 0cm; } Figure 2. Telecom Reference Architecture The major building blocks of any Telecom Service Provider architecture are as follows: 1. Customer Relationship Management CRM encompasses the end-to-end lifecycle of the customer: customer initiation/acquisition, sales, ordering, and service activation, customer care and support, proactive campaigns, cross sell/up sell, and retention/loyalty. CRM also includes the collection of customer information and its application to personalize, customize, and integrate delivery of service to a customer, as well as to identify opportunities for increasing the value of the customer to the enterprise. The key functionalities related to Customer Relationship Management are · Manage the end-to-end lifecycle of a customer request for products. · Create and manage customer profiles. · Manage all interactions with customers – inquiries, requests, and responses. · Provide updates to Billing and other south bound systems on customer/account related updates such as customer/ account creation, deletion, modification, request bills, final bill, duplicate bills, credit limits through Middleware. · Work with Order Management System, Product, and Service Management components within CRM. · Manage customer preferences – Involve all the touch points and channels to the customer, including contact center, retail stores, dealers, self service, and field service, as well as via any media (phone, face to face, web, mobile device, chat, email, SMS, mail, the customer's bill, etc.). · Support single interface for customer contact details, preferences, account details, offers, customer premise equipment, bill details, bill cycle details, and customer interactions. CRM applications interact with customers through customer touch points like portals, point-of-sale terminals, interactive voice response systems, etc. The requests by customers are sent via fulfillment/provisioning to billing system for ordering processing. 2. Billing and Revenue Management Billing and Revenue Management handles the collection of appropriate usage records and production of timely and accurate bills – for providing pre-bill usage information and billing to customers; for processing their payments; and for performing payment collections. In addition, it handles customer inquiries about bills, provides billing inquiry status, and is responsible for resolving billing problems to the customer's satisfaction in a timely manner. This process grouping also supports prepayment for services. The key functionalities provided by these applications are · To ensure that enterprise revenue is billed and invoices delivered appropriately to customers. · To manage customers’ billing accounts, process their payments, perform payment collections, and monitor the status of the account balance. · To ensure the timely and effective fulfillment of all customer bill inquiries and complaints. · Collect the usage records from mediation and ensure appropriate rating and discounting of all usage and pricing. · Support revenue sharing; split charging where usage is guided to an account different from the service consumer. · Support prepaid and post-paid rating. · Send notification on approach / exceeding the usage thresholds as enforced by the subscribed offer, and / or as setup by the customer. · Support prepaid, post paid, and hybrid (where some services are prepaid and the rest of the services post paid) customers and conversion from post paid to prepaid, and vice versa. · Support different billing function requirements like charge prorating, promotion, discount, adjustment, waiver, write-off, account receivable, GL Interface, late payment fee, credit control, dunning, account or service suspension, re-activation, expiry, termination, contract violation penalty, etc. · Initiate direct debit to collect payment against an invoice outstanding. · Send notification to Middleware on different events; for example, payment receipt, pre-suspension, threshold exceed, etc. Billing systems typically get usage data from mediation systems for rating and billing. They get provisioning requests from order management systems and inquiries from CRM systems. Convergent and real-time billing systems can directly get usage details from network elements. 3. Mediation Mediation systems transform/translate the Raw or Native Usage Data Records into a general format that is acceptable to billing for their rating purposes. The following lists the high-level roles and responsibilities executed by the Mediation system in the end-to-end solution. · Collect Usage Data Records from different data sources – like network elements, routers, servers – via different protocol and interfaces. · Process Usage Data Records – Mediation will process Usage Data Records as per the source format. · Validate Usage Data Records from each source. · Segregates Usage Data Records coming from each source to multiple, based on the segregation requirement of end Application. · Aggregates Usage Data Records based on the aggregation rule if any from different sources. · Consolidates multiple Usage Data Records from each source. · Delivers formatted Usage Data Records to different end application like Billing, Interconnect, Fraud Management, etc. · Generates audit trail for incoming Usage Data Records and keeps track of all the Usage Data Records at various stages of mediation process. · Checks duplicate Usage Data Records across files for a given time window. 4. Fulfillment This area is responsible for providing customers with their requested products in a timely and correct manner. It translates the customer's business or personal need into a solution that can be delivered using the specific products in the enterprise's portfolio. This process informs the customers of the status of their purchase order, and ensures completion on time, as well as ensuring a delighted customer. These processes are responsible for accepting and issuing orders. They deal with pre-order feasibility determination, credit authorization, order issuance, order status and tracking, customer update on customer order activities, and customer notification on order completion. Order management and provisioning applications fall into this category. The key functionalities provided by these applications are · Issuing new customer orders, modifying open customer orders, or canceling open customer orders; · Verifying whether specific non-standard offerings sought by customers are feasible and supportable; · Checking the credit worthiness of customers as part of the customer order process; · Testing the completed offering to ensure it is working correctly; · Updating of the Customer Inventory Database to reflect that the specific product offering has been allocated, modified, or cancelled; · Assigning and tracking customer provisioning activities; · Managing customer provisioning jeopardy conditions; and · Reporting progress on customer orders and other processes to customer. These applications typically get orders from CRM systems. They interact with network elements and billing systems for fulfillment of orders. 5. Enterprise Management This process area includes those processes that manage enterprise-wide activities and needs, or have application within the enterprise as a whole. They encompass all business management processes that · Are necessary to support the whole of the enterprise, including processes for financial management, legal management, regulatory management, process, cost, and quality management, etc.; · Are responsible for setting corporate policies, strategies, and directions, and for providing guidelines and targets for the whole of the business, including strategy development and planning for areas, such as Enterprise Architecture, that are integral to the direction and development of the business; · Occur throughout the enterprise, including processes for project management, performance assessments, cost assessments, etc. (i) Enterprise Risk Management: Enterprise Risk Management focuses on assuring that risks and threats to the enterprise value and/or reputation are identified, and appropriate controls are in place to minimize or eliminate the identified risks. The identified risks may be physical or logical/virtual. Successful risk management ensures that the enterprise can support its mission critical operations, processes, applications, and communications in the face of serious incidents such as security threats/violations and fraud attempts. Two key areas covered in Risk Management by telecom operators are: · Revenue Assurance: Revenue assurance system will be responsible for identifying revenue loss scenarios across components/systems, and will help in rectifying the problems. The following lists the high-level roles and responsibilities executed by the Revenue Assurance system in the end-to-end solution. o Identify all usage information dropped when networks are being upgraded. o Interconnect bill verification. o Identify where services are routinely provisioned but never billed. o Identify poor sales policies that are intensifying collections problems. o Find leakage where usage is sent to error bucket and never billed for. o Find leakage where field service, CRM, and network build-out are not optimized. · Fraud Management: Involves collecting data from different systems to identify abnormalities in traffic patterns, usage patterns, and subscription patterns to report suspicious activity that might suggest fraudulent usage of resources, resulting in revenue losses to the operator. The key roles and responsibilities of the system component are as follows: o Fraud management system will capture and monitor high usage (over a certain threshold) in terms of duration, value, and number of calls for each subscriber. The threshold for each subscriber is decided by the system and fixed automatically. o Fraud management will be able to detect the unauthorized access to services for certain subscribers. These subscribers may have been provided unauthorized services by employees. The component will raise the alert to the operator the very first time of such illegal calls or calls which are not billed. o The solution will be to have an alarm management system that will deliver alarms to the operator/provider whenever it detects a fraud, thus minimizing fraud by catching it the first time it occurs. o The Fraud Management system will be capable of interfacing with switches, mediation systems, and billing systems (ii) Knowledge Management This process focuses on knowledge management, technology research within the enterprise, and the evaluation of potential technology acquisitions. Key responsibilities of knowledge base management are to · Maintain knowledge base – Creation and updating of knowledge base on ongoing basis. · Search knowledge base – Search of knowledge base on keywords or category browse · Maintain metadata – Management of metadata on knowledge base to ensure effective management and search. · Run report generator. · Provide content – Add content to the knowledge base, e.g., user guides, operational manual, etc. (iii) Document Management It focuses on maintaining a repository of all electronic documents or images of paper documents relevant to the enterprise using a system. (iv) Data Management It manages data as a valuable resource for any enterprise. For telecom enterprises, the typical areas covered are Master Data Management, Data Warehousing, and Business Intelligence. It is also responsible for data governance, security, quality, and database management. Key responsibilities of Data Management are · Using ETL, extract the data from CRM, Billing, web content, ERP, campaign management, financial, network operations, asset management info, customer contact data, customer measures, benchmarks, process data, e.g., process inputs, outputs, and measures, into Enterprise Data Warehouse. · Management of data traceability with source, data related business rules/decisions, data quality, data cleansing data reconciliation, competitors data – storage for all the enterprise data (customer profiles, products, offers, revenues, etc.) · Get online update through night time replication or physical backup process at regular frequency. · Provide the data access to business intelligence and other systems for their analysis, report generation, and use. (v) Business Intelligence It uses the Enterprise Data to provide the various analysis and reports that contain prospects and analytics for customer retention, acquisition of new customers due to the offers, and SLAs. It will generate right and optimized plans – bolt-ons for the customers. The following lists the high-level roles and responsibilities executed by the Business Intelligence system at the Enterprise Level: · It will do Pattern analysis and reports problem. · It will do Data Analysis – Statistical analysis, data profiling, affinity analysis of data, customer segment wise usage patterns on offers, products, service and revenue generation against services and customer segments. · It will do Performance (business, system, and forecast) analysis, churn propensity, response time, and SLAs analysis. · It will support for online and offline analysis, and report drill down capability. · It will collect, store, and report various SLA data. · It will provide the necessary intelligence for marketing and working on campaigns, etc., with cost benefit analysis and predictions. It will advise on customer promotions with additional services based on loyalty and credit history of customer · It will Interface with Enterprise Data Management system for data to run reports and analysis tasks. It will interface with the campaign schedules, based on historical success evidence. (vi) Stakeholder and External Relations Management It manages the enterprise's relationship with stakeholders and outside entities. Stakeholders include shareholders, employee organizations, etc. Outside entities include regulators, local community, and unions. Some of the processes within this grouping are Shareholder Relations, External Affairs, Labor Relations, and Public Relations. (vii) Enterprise Resource Planning It is used to manage internal and external resources, including tangible assets, financial resources, materials, and human resources. Its purpose is to facilitate the flow of information between all business functions inside the boundaries of the enterprise and manage the connections to outside stakeholders. ERP systems consolidate all business operations into a uniform and enterprise wide system environment. The key roles and responsibilities for Enterprise System are given below: · It will handle responsibilities such as core accounting, financial, and management reporting. · It will interface with CRM for capturing customer account and details. · It will interface with billing to capture the billing revenue and other financial data. · It will be responsible for executing the dunning process. Billing will send the required feed to ERP for execution of dunning. · It will interface with the CRM and Billing through batch interfaces. Enterprise management systems are like horizontals in the enterprise and typically interact with all major telecom systems. E.g., an ERP system interacts with CRM, Fulfillment, and Billing systems for different kinds of data exchanges. 6. External Interfaces/Touch Points The typical external parties are customers, suppliers/partners, employees, shareholders, and other stakeholders. External interactions from/to a Service Provider to other parties can be achieved by a variety of mechanisms, including: · Exchange of emails or faxes · Call Centers · Web Portals · Business-to-Business (B2B) automated transactions These applications provide an Internet technology driven interface to external parties to undertake a variety of business functions directly for themselves. These can provide fully or partially automated service to external parties through various touch points. Typical characteristics of these touch points are · Pre-integrated self-service system, including stand-alone web framework or integration front end with a portal engine · Self services layer exposing atomic web services/APIs for reuse by multiple systems across the architectural environment · Portlets driven connectivity exposing data and services interoperability through a portal engine or web application These touch points mostly interact with the CRM systems for requests, inquiries, and responses. 7. Middleware The component will be primarily responsible for integrating the different systems components under a common platform. It should provide a Standards-Based Platform for building Service Oriented Architecture and Composite Applications. The following lists the high-level roles and responsibilities executed by the Middleware component in the end-to-end solution. · As an integration framework, covering to and fro interfaces · Provide a web service framework with service registry. · Support SOA framework with SOA service registry. · Each of the interfaces from / to Middleware to other components would handle data transformation, translation, and mapping of data points. · Receive data from the caller / activate and/or forward the data to the recipient system in XML format. · Use standard XML for data exchange. · Provide the response back to the service/call initiator. · Provide a tracking until the response completion. · Keep a store transitional data against each call/transaction. · Interface through Middleware to get any information that is possible and allowed from the existing systems to enterprise systems; e.g., customer profile and customer history, etc. · Provide the data in a common unified format to the SOA calls across systems, and follow the Enterprise Architecture directive. · Provide an audit trail for all transactions being handled by the component. 8. Network Elements The term Network Element means a facility or equipment used in the provision of a telecommunications service. Such terms also includes features, functions, and capabilities that are provided by means of such facility or equipment, including subscriber numbers, databases, signaling systems, and information sufficient for billing and collection or used in the transmission, routing, or other provision of a telecommunications service. Typical network elements in a GSM network are Home Location Register (HLR), Intelligent Network (IN), Mobile Switching Center (MSC), SMS Center (SMSC), and network elements for other value added services like Push-to-talk (PTT), Ring Back Tone (RBT), etc. Network elements are invoked when subscribers use their telecom devices for any kind of usage. These elements generate usage data and pass it on to downstream systems like mediation and billing system for rating and billing. They also integrate with provisioning systems for order/service fulfillment. 9. 3rd Party Applications 3rd Party systems are applications like content providers, payment gateways, point of sale terminals, and databases/applications maintained by the Government. Depending on applicability and the type of functionality provided by 3rd party applications, the integration with different telecom systems like CRM, provisioning, and billing will be done. 10. Service Delivery Platform A service delivery platform (SDP) provides the architecture for the rapid deployment, provisioning, execution, management, and billing of value added telecom services. SDPs are based on the concept of SOA and layered architecture. They support the delivery of voice, data services, and content in network and device-independent fashion. They allow application developers to aggregate network capabilities, services, and sources of content. SDPs typically contain layers for web services exposure, service application development, and network abstraction. SOA Reference Architecture SOA concept is based on the principle of developing reusable business service and building applications by composing those services, instead of building monolithic applications in silos. It’s about bridging the gap between business and IT through a set of business-aligned IT services, using a set of design principles, patterns, and techniques. In an SOA, resources are made available to participants in a value net, enterprise, line of business (typically spanning multiple applications within an enterprise or across multiple enterprises). It consists of a set of business-aligned IT services that collectively fulfill an organization’s business processes and goals. We can choreograph these services into composite applications and invoke them through standard protocols. SOA, apart from agility and reusability, enables: · The business to specify processes as orchestrations of reusable services · Technology agnostic business design, with technology hidden behind service interface · A contractual-like interaction between business and IT, based on service SLAs · Accountability and governance, better aligned to business services · Applications interconnections untangling by allowing access only through service interfaces, reducing the daunting side effects of change · Reduced pressure to replace legacy and extended lifetime for legacy applications, through encapsulation in services · A Cloud Computing paradigm, using web services technologies, that makes possible service outsourcing on an on-demand, utility-like, pay-per-usage basis The following section represents the Reference Architecture of logical view for the Telecom Solution. The new custom built application needs to align with this logical architecture in the long run to achieve EA benefits. Packaged implementation applications, such as ERP billing applications, need to expose their functions as service providers (as other applications consume) and interact with other applications as service consumers. COT applications need to expose services through wrappers such as adapters to utilize existing resources and at the same time achieve Enterprise Architecture goal and objectives. The following are the various layers for Enterprise level deployment of SOA. This diagram captures the abstract view of Enterprise SOA layers and important components of each layer. Layered architecture means decomposition of services such that most interactions occur between adjacent layers. However, there is no strict rule that top layers should not directly communicate with bottom layers. The diagram below represents the important logical pieces that would result from overall SOA transformation. @font-face { font-family: "Arial"; }@font-face { font-family: "Courier New"; }@font-face { font-family: "Wingdings"; }@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoCaption, li.MsoCaption, div.MsoCaption { margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(79, 129, 189); font-weight: bold; }p.MsoListParagraph, li.MsoListParagraph, div.MsoListParagraph { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }ol { margin-bottom: 0cm; }ul { margin-bottom: 0cm; } Figure 3. Enterprise SOA Reference Architecture 1. Operational System Layer: This layer consists of all packaged applications like CRM, ERP, custom built applications, COTS based applications like Billing, Revenue Management, Fulfilment, and the Enterprise databases that are essential and contribute directly or indirectly to the Enterprise OSS/BSS Transformation. ERP holds the data of Asset Lifecycle Management, Supply Chain, and Advanced Procurement and Human Capital Management, etc. CRM holds the data related to Order, Sales, and Marketing, Customer Care, Partner Relationship Management, Loyalty, etc. Content Management handles Enterprise Search and Query. Billing application consists of the following components: · Collections Management, Customer Billing Management, Invoices, Real-Time Rating, Discounting, and Applying of Charges · Enterprise databases will hold both the application and service data, whether structured or unstructured. MDM - Master data majorly consists of Customer, Order, Product, and Service Data. 2. Enterprise Component Layer: This layer consists of the Application Services and Common Services that are responsible for realizing the functionality and maintaining the QoS of the exposed services. This layer uses container-based technologies such as application servers to implement the components, workload management, high availability, and load balancing. Application Services: This Service Layer enables application, technology, and database abstraction so that the complex accessing logic is hidden from the other service layers. This is a basic service layer, which exposes application functionalities and data as reusable services. The three types of the Application access services are: · Application Access Service: This Service Layer exposes application level functionalities as a reusable service between BSS to BSS and BSS to OSS integration. This layer is enabled using disparate technology such as Web Service, Integration Servers, and Adaptors, etc. · Data Access Service: This Service Layer exposes application data services as a reusable reference data service. This is done via direct interaction with application data. and provides the federated query. · Network Access Service: This Service Layer exposes provisioning layer as a reusable service from OSS to OSS integration. This integration service emphasizes the need for high performance, stateless process flows, and distributed design. Common Services encompasses management of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data such as information services, portal services, interaction services, infrastructure services, and security services, etc. 3. Integration Layer: This consists of service infrastructure components like service bus, service gateway for partner integration, service registry, service repository, and BPEL processor. Service bus will carry the service invocation payloads/messages between consumers and providers. The other important functions expected from it are itinerary based routing, distributed caching of routing information, transformations, and all qualities of service for messaging-like reliability, scalability, and availability, etc. Service registry will hold all contracts (wsdl) of services, and it helps developers to locate or discover service during design time or runtime. • BPEL processor would be useful in orchestrating the services to compose a complex business scenario or process. • Workflow and business rules management are also required to support manual triggering of certain activities within business process. based on the rules setup and also the state machine information. Application, data, and service mediation layer typically forms the overall composite application development framework or SOA Framework. 4. Business Process Layer: These are typically the intermediate services layer and represent Shared Business Process Services. At Enterprise Level, these services are from Customer Management, Order Management, Billing, Finance, and Asset Management application domains. 5. Access Layer: This layer consists of portals for Enterprise and provides a single view of Enterprise information management and dashboard services. 6. Channel Layer: This consists of various devices; applications that form part of extended enterprise; browsers through which users access the applications. 7. Client Layer: This designates the different types of users accessing the enterprise applications. The type of user typically would be an important factor in determining the level of access to applications. 8. Vertical pieces like management, monitoring, security, and development cut across all horizontal layers Management and monitoring involves all aspects of SOA-like services, SLAs, and other QoS lifecycle processes for both applications and services surrounding SOA governance. 9. EA Governance, Reference Architecture, Roadmap, Principles, and Best Practices: EA Governance is important in terms of providing the overall direction to SOA implementation within the enterprise. This involves board-level involvement, in addition to business and IT executives. At a high level, this involves managing the SOA projects implementation, managing SOA infrastructure, and controlling the entire effort through all fine-tuned IT processes in accordance with COBIT (Control Objectives for Information Technology). Devising tools and techniques to promote reuse culture, and the SOA way of doing things needs competency centers to be established in addition to training the workforce to take up new roles that are suited to SOA journey. Conclusions Reference Architectures can serve as the basis for disparate architecture efforts throughout the organization, even if they use different tools and technologies. Reference architectures provide best practices and approaches in the independent way a vendor deals with technology and standards. Reference Architectures model the abstract architectural elements for an enterprise independent of the technologies, protocols, and products that are used to implement an SOA. Telecom enterprises today are facing significant business and technology challenges due to growing competition, a multitude of services, and convergence. Adopting architectural best practices could go a long way in meeting these challenges. The use of SOA-based architecture for communication to each of the external systems like Billing, CRM, etc., in OSS/BSS system has made the architecture very loosely coupled, with greater flexibility. Any change in the external systems would be absorbed at the Integration Layer without affecting the rest of the ecosystem. The use of a Business Process Management (BPM) tool makes the management and maintenance of the business processes easy, with better performance in terms of lead time, quality, and cost. Since the Architecture is based on standards, it will lower the cost of deploying and managing OSS/BSS applications over their lifecycles.

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Agile Development

- by James Oloo Onyango

Alot of literature has and is being written about agile developement and its surrounding philosophies. In my quest to find the best way to express the importance of agile methodologies, i have found Robert C. Martin's "A Satire Of Two Companies" to be both the most concise and thorough! Enjoy the read! Rufus Inc Project Kick Off Your name is Bob. The date is January 3, 2001, and your head still aches from the recent millennial revelry. You are sitting in a conference room with several managers and a group of your peers. You are a project team leader. Your boss is there, and he has brought along all of his team leaders. His boss called the meeting. "We have a new project to develop," says your boss's boss. Call him BB. The points in his hair are so long that they scrape the ceiling. Your boss's points are just starting to grow, but he eagerly awaits the day when he can leave Brylcream stains on the acoustic tiles. BB describes the essence of the new market they have identified and the product they want to develop to exploit this market. "We must have this new project up and working by fourth quarter October 1," BB demands. "Nothing is of higher priority, so we are cancelling your current project." The reaction in the room is stunned silence. Months of work are simply going to be thrown away. Slowly, a murmur of objection begins to circulate around the conference table. His points give off an evil green glow as BB meets the eyes of everyone in the room. One by one, that insidious stare reduces each attendee to quivering lumps of protoplasm. It is clear that he will brook no discussion on this matter. Once silence has been restored, BB says, "We need to begin immediately. How long will it take you to do the analysis?" You raise your hand. Your boss tries to stop you, but his spitwad misses you and you are unaware of his efforts. "Sir, we can't tell you how long the analysis will take until we have some requirements." "The requirements document won't be ready for 3 or 4 weeks," BB says, his points vibrating with frustration. "So, pretend that you have the requirements in front of you now. How long will you require for analysis?" No one breathes. Everyone looks around to see whether anyone has some idea. "If analysis goes beyond April 1, we have a problem. Can you finish the analysis by then?" Your boss visibly gathers his courage: "We'll find a way, sir!" His points grow 3 mm, and your headache increases by two Tylenol. "Good." BB smiles. "Now, how long will it take to do the design?" "Sir," you say. Your boss visibly pales. He is clearly worried that his 3 mms are at risk. "Without an analysis, it will not be possible to tell you how long design will take." BB's expression shifts beyond austere. "PRETEND you have the analysis already!" he says, while fixing you with his vacant, beady little eyes. "How long will it take you to do the design?" Two Tylenol are not going to cut it. Your boss, in a desperate attempt to save his new growth, babbles: "Well, sir, with only six months left to complete the project, design had better take no longer than 3 months." "I'm glad you agree, Smithers!" BB says, beaming. Your boss relaxes. He knows his points are secure. After a while, he starts lightly humming the Brylcream jingle. BB continues, "So, analysis will be complete by April 1, design will be complete by July 1, and that gives you 3 months to implement the project. This meeting is an example of how well our new consensus and empowerment policies are working. Now, get out there and start working. I'll expect to see TQM plans and QIT assignments on my desk by next week. Oh, and don't forget that your crossfunctional team meetings and reports will be needed for next month's quality audit." "Forget the Tylenol," you think to yourself as you return to your cubicle. "I need bourbon." Visibly excited, your boss comes over to you and says, "Gosh, what a great meeting. I think we're really going to do some world shaking with this project." You nod in agreement, too disgusted to do anything else. "Oh," your boss continues, "I almost forgot." He hands you a 30-page document. "Remember that the SEI is coming to do an evaluation next week. This is the evaluation guide. You need to read through it, memorize it, and then shred it. It tells you how to answer any questions that the SEI auditors ask you. It also tells you what parts of the building you are allowed to take them to and what parts to avoid. We are determined to be a CMM level 3 organization by June!" You and your peers start working on the analysis of the new project. This is difficult because you have no requirements. But from the 10-minute introduction given by BB on that fateful morning, you have some idea of what the product is supposed to do. Corporate process demands that you begin by creating a use case document. You and your team begin enumerating use cases and drawing oval and stick diagrams. Philosophical debates break out among the team members. There is disagreement as to whether certain use cases should be connected with <<extends>> or <<includes>> relationships. Competing models are created, but nobody knows how to evaluate them. The debate continues, effectively paralyzing progress. After a week, somebody finds the iceberg.com Web site, which recommends disposing entirely of <<extends>> and <<includes>> and replacing them with <<precedes>> and <<uses>>. The documents on this Web site, authored by Don Sengroiux, describes a method known as stalwart-analysis, which claims to be a step-by-step method for translating use cases into design diagrams. More competing use case models are created using this new scheme, but again, people can't agree on how to evaluate them. The thrashing continues. More and more, the use case meetings are driven by emotion rather than by reason. If it weren't for the fact that you don't have requirements, you'd be pretty upset by the lack of progress you are making. The requirements document arrives on February 15. And then again on February 20, 25, and every week thereafter. Each new version contradicts the previous one. Clearly, the marketing folks who are writing the requirements, empowered though they might be, are not finding consensus. At the same time, several new competing use case templates have been proposed by the various team members. Each template presents its own particularly creative way of delaying progress. The debates rage on. On March 1, Prudence Putrigence, the process proctor, succeeds in integrating all the competing use case forms and templates into a single, all-encompassing form. Just the blank form is 15 pages long. She has managed to include every field that appeared on all the competing templates. She also presents a 159- page document describing how to fill out the use case form. All current use cases must be rewritten according to the new standard. You marvel to yourself that it now requires 15 pages of fill-in-the-blank and essay questions to answer the question: What should the system do when the user presses Return? The corporate process (authored by L. E. Ott, famed author of "Holistic Analysis: A Progressive Dialectic for Software Engineers") insists that you discover all primary use cases, 87 percent of all secondary use cases, and 36.274 percent of all tertiary use cases before you can complete analysis and enter the design phase. You have no idea what a tertiary use case is. So in an attempt to meet this requirement, you try to get your use case document reviewed by the marketing department, which you hope will know what a tertiary use case is. Unfortunately, the marketing folks are too busy with sales support to talk to you. Indeed, since the project started, you have not been able to get a single meeting with marketing, which has provided a never-ending stream of changing and contradictory requirements documents. While one team has been spinning endlessly on the use case document, another team has been working out the domain model. Endless variations of UML documents are pouring out of this team. Every week, the model is reworked. The team members can't decide whether to use <<interfaces>> or <<types>> in the model. A huge disagreement has been raging on the proper syntax and application of OCL. Others on the team just got back from a 5-day class on catabolism, and have been producing incredibly detailed and arcane diagrams that nobody else can fathom. On March 27, with one week to go before analysis is to be complete, you have produced a sea of documents and diagrams but are no closer to a cogent analysis of the problem than you were on January 3. **** And then, a miracle happens. **** On Saturday, April 1, you check your e-mail from home. You see a memo from your boss to BB. It states unequivocally that you are done with the analysis! You phone your boss and complain. "How could you have told BB that we were done with the analysis?" "Have you looked at a calendar lately?" he responds. "It's April 1!" The irony of that date does not escape you. "But we have so much more to think about. So much more to analyze! We haven't even decided whether to use <<extends>> or <<precedes>>!" "Where is your evidence that you are not done?" inquires your boss, impatiently. "Whaaa . . . ." But he cuts you off. "Analysis can go on forever; it has to be stopped at some point. And since this is the date it was scheduled to stop, it has been stopped. Now, on Monday, I want you to gather up all existing analysis materials and put them into a public folder. Release that folder to Prudence so that she can log it in the CM system by Monday afternoon. Then get busy and start designing." As you hang up the phone, you begin to consider the benefits of keeping a bottle of bourbon in your bottom desk drawer. They threw a party to celebrate the on-time completion of the analysis phase. BB gave a colon-stirring speech on empowerment. And your boss, another 3 mm taller, congratulated his team on the incredible show of unity and teamwork. Finally, the CIO takes the stage to tell everyone that the SEI audit went very well and to thank everyone for studying and shredding the evaluation guides that were passed out. Level 3 now seems assured and will be awarded by June. (Scuttlebutt has it that managers at the level of BB and above are to receive significant bonuses once the SEI awards level 3.) As the weeks flow by, you and your team work on the design of the system. Of course, you find that the analysis that the design is supposedly based on is flawedno, useless; no, worse than useless. But when you tell your boss that you need to go back and work some more on the analysis to shore up its weaker sections, he simply states, "The analysis phase is over. The only allowable activity is design. Now get back to it." So, you and your team hack the design as best you can, unsure of whether the requirements have been properly analyzed. Of course, it really doesn't matter much, since the requirements document is still thrashing with weekly revisions, and the marketing department still refuses to meet with you. The design is a nightmare. Your boss recently misread a book named The Finish Line in which the author, Mark DeThomaso, blithely suggested that design documents should be taken down to code-level detail. "If we are going to be working at that level of detail," you ask, "why don't we simply write the code instead?" "Because then you wouldn't be designing, of course. And the only allowable activity in the design phase is design!" "Besides," he continues, "we have just purchased a companywide license for Dandelion! This tool enables 'Round the Horn Engineering!' You are to transfer all design diagrams into this tool. It will automatically generate our code for us! It will also keep the design diagrams in sync with the code!" Your boss hands you a brightly colored shrinkwrapped box containing the Dandelion distribution. You accept it numbly and shuffle off to your cubicle. Twelve hours, eight crashes, one disk reformatting, and eight shots of 151 later, you finally have the tool installed on your server. You consider the week your team will lose while attending Dandelion training. Then you smile and think, "Any week I'm not here is a good week." Design diagram after design diagram is created by your team. Dandelion makes it very difficult to draw these diagrams. There are dozens and dozens of deeply nested dialog boxes with funny text fields and check boxes that must all be filled in correctly. And then there's the problem of moving classes between packages. At first, these diagram are driven from the use cases. But the requirements are changing so often that the use cases rapidly become meaningless. Debates rage about whether VISITOR or DECORATOR design patterns should be used. One developer refuses to use VISITOR in any form, claiming that it's not a properly object-oriented construct. Someone refuses to use multiple inheritance, since it is the spawn of the devil. Review meetings rapidly degenerate into debates about the meaning of object orientation, the definition of analysis versus design, or when to use aggregation versus association. Midway through the design cycle, the marketing folks announce that they have rethought the focus of the system. Their new requirements document is completely restructured. They have eliminated several major feature areas and replaced them with feature areas that they anticipate customer surveys will show to be more appropriate. You tell your boss that these changes mean that you need to reanalyze and redesign much of the system. But he says, "The analysis phase is system. But he says, "The analysis phase is over. The only allowable activity is design. Now get back to it." You suggest that it might be better to create a simple prototype to show to the marketing folks and even some potential customers. But your boss says, "The analysis phase is over. The only allowable activity is design. Now get back to it." Hack, hack, hack, hack. You try to create some kind of a design document that might reflect the new requirements documents. However, the revolution of the requirements has not caused them to stop thrashing. Indeed, if anything, the wild oscillations of the requirements document have only increased in frequency and amplitude. You slog your way through them. On June 15, the Dandelion database gets corrupted. Apparently, the corruption has been progressive. Small errors in the DB accumulated over the months into bigger and bigger errors. Eventually, the CASE tool just stopped working. Of course, the slowly encroaching corruption is present on all the backups. Calls to the Dandelion technical support line go unanswered for several days. Finally, you receive a brief e-mail from Dandelion, informing you that this is a known problem and that the solution is to purchase the new version, which they promise will be ready some time next quarter, and then reenter all the diagrams by hand. **** Then, on July 1 another miracle happens! You are done with the design! Rather than go to your boss and complain, you stock your middle desk drawer with some vodka. **** They threw a party to celebrate the on-time completion of the design phase and their graduation to CMM level 3. This time, you find BB's speech so stirring that you have to use the restroom before it begins. New banners and plaques are all over your workplace. They show pictures of eagles and mountain climbers, and they talk about teamwork and empowerment. They read better after a few scotches. That reminds you that you need to clear out your file cabinet to make room for the brandy. You and your team begin to code. But you rapidly discover that the design is lacking in some significant areas. Actually, it's lacking any significance at all. You convene a design session in one of the conference rooms to try to work through some of the nastier problems. But your boss catches you at it and disbands the meeting, saying, "The design phase is over. The only allowable activity is coding. Now get back to it." **** The code generated by Dandelion is really hideous. It turns out that you and your team were using association and aggregation the wrong way, after all. All the generated code has to be edited to correct these flaws. Editing this code is extremely difficult because it has been instrumented with ugly comment blocks that have special syntax that Dandelion needs in order to keep the diagrams in sync with the code. If you accidentally alter one of these comments, the diagrams will be regenerated incorrectly. It turns out that "Round the Horn Engineering" requires an awful lot of effort. The more you try to keep the code compatible with Dandelion, the more errors Dandelion generates. In the end, you give up and decide to keep the diagrams up to date manually. A second later, you decide that there's no point in keeping the diagrams up to date at all. Besides, who has time? Your boss hires a consultant to build tools to count the number of lines of code that are being produced. He puts a big thermometer graph on the wall with the number 1,000,000 on the top. Every day, he extends the red line to show how many lines have been added. Three days after the thermometer appears on the wall, your boss stops you in the hall. "That graph isn't growing quickly enough. We need to have a million lines done by October 1." "We aren't even sh-sh-sure that the proshect will require a m-million linezh," you blather. "We have to have a million lines done by October 1," your boss reiterates. His points have grown again, and the Grecian formula he uses on them creates an aura of authority and competence. "Are you sure your comment blocks are big enough?" Then, in a flash of managerial insight, he says, "I have it! I want you to institute a new policy among the engineers. No line of code is to be longer than 20 characters. Any such line must be split into two or more preferably more. All existing code needs to be reworked to this standard. That'll get our line count up!" You decide not to tell him that this will require two unscheduled work months. You decide not to tell him anything at all. You decide that intravenous injections of pure ethanol are the only solution. You make the appropriate arrangements. Hack, hack, hack, and hack. You and your team madly code away. By August 1, your boss, frowning at the thermometer on the wall, institutes a mandatory 50-hour workweek. Hack, hack, hack, and hack. By September 1st, the thermometer is at 1.2 million lines and your boss asks you to write a report describing why you exceeded the coding budget by 20 percent. He institutes mandatory Saturdays and demands that the project be brought back down to a million lines. You start a campaign of remerging lines. Hack, hack, hack, and hack. Tempers are flaring; people are quitting; QA is raining trouble reports down on you. Customers are demanding installation and user manuals; salespeople are demanding advance demonstrations for special customers; the requirements document is still thrashing, the marketing folks are complaining that the product isn't anything like they specified, and the liquor store won't accept your credit card anymore. Something has to give. On September 15, BB calls a meeting. As he enters the room, his points are emitting clouds of steam. When he speaks, the bass overtones of his carefully manicured voice cause the pit of your stomach to roll over. "The QA manager has told me that this project has less than 50 percent of the required features implemented. He has also informed me that the system crashes all the time, yields wrong results, and is hideously slow. He has also complained that he cannot keep up with the continuous train of daily releases, each more buggy than the last!" He stops for a few seconds, visibly trying to compose himself. "The QA manager estimates that, at this rate of development, we won't be able to ship the product until December!" Actually, you think it's more like March, but you don't say anything. "December!" BB roars with such derision that people duck their heads as though he were pointing an assault rifle at them. "December is absolutely out of the question. Team leaders, I want new estimates on my desk in the morning. I am hereby mandating 65-hour work weeks until this project is complete. And it better be complete by November 1." As he leaves the conference room, he is heard to mutter: "Empowermentbah!" * * * Your boss is bald; his points are mounted on BB's wall. The fluorescent lights reflecting off his pate momentarily dazzle you. "Do you have anything to drink?" he asks. Having just finished your last bottle of Boone's Farm, you pull a bottle of Thunderbird from your bookshelf and pour it into his coffee mug. "What's it going to take to get this project done? " he asks. "We need to freeze the requirements, analyze them, design them, and then implement them," you say callously. "By November 1?" your boss exclaims incredulously. "No way! Just get back to coding the damned thing." He storms out, scratching his vacant head. A few days later, you find that your boss has been transferred to the corporate research division. Turnover has skyrocketed. Customers, informed at the last minute that their orders cannot be fulfilled on time, have begun to cancel their orders. Marketing is re-evaluating whether this product aligns with the overall goals of the company. Memos fly, heads roll, policies change, and things are, overall, pretty grim. Finally, by March, after far too many sixty-five hour weeks, a very shaky version of the software is ready. In the field, bug-discovery rates are high, and the technical support staff are at their wits' end, trying to cope with the complaints and demands of the irate customers. Nobody is happy. In April, BB decides to buy his way out of the problem by licensing a product produced by Rupert Industries and redistributing it. The customers are mollified, the marketing folks are smug, and you are laid off. Rupert Industries: Project Alpha Your name is Robert. The date is January 3, 2001. The quiet hours spent with your family this holiday have left you refreshed and ready for work. You are sitting in a conference room with your team of professionals. The manager of the division called the meeting. "We have some ideas for a new project," says the division manager. Call him Russ. He is a high-strung British chap with more energy than a fusion reactor. He is ambitious and driven but understands the value of a team. Russ describes the essence of the new market opportunity the company has identified and introduces you to Jane, the marketing manager, who is responsible for defining the products that will address it. Addressing you, Jane says, "We'd like to start defining our first product offering as soon as possible. When can you and your team meet with me?" You reply, "We'll be done with the current iteration of our project this Friday. We can spare a few hours for you between now and then. After that, we'll take a few people from the team and dedicate them to you. We'll begin hiring their replacements and the new people for your team immediately." "Great," says Russ, "but I want you to understand that it is critical that we have something to exhibit at the trade show coming up this July. If we can't be there with something significant, we'll lose the opportunity." "I understand," you reply. "I don't yet know what it is that you have in mind, but I'm sure we can have something by July. I just can't tell you what that something will be right now. In any case, you and Jane are going to have complete control over what we developers do, so you can rest assured that by July, you'll have the most important things that can be accomplished in that time ready to exhibit." Russ nods in satisfaction. He knows how this works. Your team has always kept him advised and allowed him to steer their development. He has the utmost confidence that your team will work on the most important things first and will produce a high-quality product. * * * "So, Robert," says Jane at their first meeting, "How does your team feel about being split up?" "We'll miss working with each other," you answer, "but some of us were getting pretty tired of that last project and are looking forward to a change. So, what are you people cooking up?" Jane beams. "You know how much trouble our customers currently have . . ." And she spends a half hour or so describing the problem and possible solution. "OK, wait a second" you respond. "I need to be clear about this." And so you and Jane talk about how this system might work. Some of her ideas aren't fully formed. You suggest possible solutions. She likes some of them. You continue discussing. During the discussion, as each new topic is addressed, Jane writes user story cards. Each card represents something that the new system has to do. The cards accumulate on the table and are spread out in front of you. Both you and Jane point at them, pick them up, and make notes on them as you discuss the stories. The cards are powerful mnemonic devices that you can use to represent complex ideas that are barely formed. At the end of the meeting, you say, "OK, I've got a general idea of what you want. I'm going to talk to the team about it. I imagine they'll want to run some experiments with various database structures and presentation formats. Next time we meet, it'll be as a group, and we'll start identifying the most important features of the system." A week later, your nascent team meets with Jane. They spread the existing user story cards out on the table and begin to get into some of the details of the system. The meeting is very dynamic. Jane presents the stories in the order of their importance. There is much discussion about each one. The developers are concerned about keeping the stories small enough to estimate and test. So they continually ask Jane to split one story into several smaller stories. Jane is concerned that each story have a clear business value and priority, so as she splits them, she makes sure that this stays true. The stories accumulate on the table. Jane writes them, but the developers make notes on them as needed. Nobody tries to capture everything that is said; the cards are not meant to capture everything but are simply reminders of the conversation. As the developers become more comfortable with the stories, they begin writing estimates on them. These estimates are crude and budgetary, but they give Jane an idea of what the story will cost. At the end of the meeting, it is clear that many more stories could be discussed. It is also clear that the most important stories have been addressed and that they represent several months worth of work. Jane closes the meeting by taking the cards with her and promising to have a proposal for the first release in the morning. * * * The next morning, you reconvene the meeting. Jane chooses five cards and places them on the table. "According to your estimates, these cards represent about one perfect team-week's worth of work. The last iteration of the previous project managed to get one perfect team-week done in 3 real weeks. If we can get these five stories done in 3 weeks, we'll be able to demonstrate them to Russ. That will make him feel very comfortable about our progress." Jane is pushing it. The sheepish look on her face lets you know that she knows it too. You reply, "Jane, this is a new team, working on a new project. It's a bit presumptuous to expect that our velocity will be the same as the previous team's. However, I met with the team yesterday afternoon, and we all agreed that our initial velocity should, in fact, be set to one perfectweek for every 3 real-weeks. So you've lucked out on this one." "Just remember," you continue, "that the story estimates and the story velocity are very tentative at this point. We'll learn more when we plan the iteration and even more when we implement it." Jane looks over her glasses at you as if to say "Who's the boss around here, anyway?" and then smiles and says, "Yeah, don't worry. I know the drill by now."Jane then puts 15 more cards on the table. She says, "If we can get all these cards done by the end of March, we can turn the system over to our beta test customers. And we'll get good feedback from them." You reply, "OK, so we've got our first iteration defined, and we have the stories for the next three iterations after that. These four iterations will make our first release." "So," says Jane, can you really do these five stories in the next 3 weeks?" "I don't know for sure, Jane," you reply. "Let's break them down into tasks and see what we get." So Jane, you, and your team spend the next several hours taking each of the five stories that Jane chose for the first iteration and breaking them down into small tasks. The developers quickly realize that some of the tasks can be shared between stories and that other tasks have commonalities that can probably be taken advantage of. It is clear that potential designs are popping into the developers' heads. From time to time, they form little discussion knots and scribble UML diagrams on some cards. Soon, the whiteboard is filled with the tasks that, once completed, will implement the five stories for this iteration. You start the sign-up process by saying, "OK, let's sign up for these tasks." "I'll take the initial database generation." Says Pete. "That's what I did on the last project, and this doesn't look very different. I estimate it at two of my perfect workdays." "OK, well, then, I'll take the login screen," says Joe. "Aw, darn," says Elaine, the junior member of the team, "I've never done a GUI, and kinda wanted to try that one." "Ah, the impatience of youth," Joe says sagely, with a wink in your direction. "You can assist me with it, young Jedi." To Jane: "I think it'll take me about three of my perfect workdays." One by one, the developers sign up for tasks and estimate them in terms of their own perfect workdays. Both you and Jane know that it is best to let the developers volunteer for tasks than to assign the tasks to them. You also know full well that you daren't challenge any of the developers' estimates. You know these people, and you trust them. You know that they are going to do the very best they can. The developers know that they can't sign up for more perfect workdays than they finished in the last iteration they worked on. Once each developer has filled his or her schedule for the iteration, they stop signing up for tasks. Eventually, all the developers have stopped signing up for tasks. But, of course, tasks are still left on the board. "I was worried that that might happen," you say, "OK, there's only one thing to do, Jane. We've got too much to do in this iteration. What stories or tasks can we remove?" Jane sighs. She knows that this is the only option. Working overtime at the beginning of a project is insane, and projects where she's tried it have not fared well. So Jane starts to remove the least-important functionality. "Well, we really don't need the login screen just yet. We can simply start the system in the logged-in state." "Rats!" cries Elaine. "I really wanted to do that." "Patience, grasshopper." says Joe. "Those who wait for the bees to leave the hive will not have lips too swollen to relish the honey." Elaine looks confused. Everyone looks confused. "So . . .," Jane continues, "I think we can also do away with . . ." And so, bit by bit, the list of tasks shrinks. Developers who lose a task sign up for one of the remaining ones. The negotiation is not painless. Several times, Jane exhibits obvious frustration and impatience. Once, when tensions are especially high, Elaine volunteers, "I'll work extra hard to make up some of the missing time." You are about to correct her when, fortunately, Joe looks her in the eye and says, "When once you proceed down the dark path, forever will it dominate your destiny." In the end, an iteration acceptable to Jane is reached. It's not what Jane wanted. Indeed, it is significantly less. But it's something the team feels that can be achieved in the next 3 weeks. And, after all, it still addresses the most important things that Jane wanted in the iteration. "So, Jane," you say when things had quieted down a bit, "when can we expect acceptance tests from you?" Jane sighs. This is the other side of the coin. For every story the development team implements, Jane must supply a suite of acceptance tests that prove that it works. And the team needs these long before the end of the iteration, since they will certainly point out differences in the way Jane and the developers imagine the system's behaviour. "I'll get you some example test scripts today," Jane promises. "I'll add to them every day after that. You'll have the entire suite by the middle of the iteration." * * * The iteration begins on Monday morning with a flurry of Class, Responsibilities, Collaborators sessions. By midmorning, all the developers have assembled into pairs and are rapidly coding away. "And now, my young apprentice," Joe says to Elaine, "you shall learn the mysteries of test-first design!" "Wow, that sounds pretty rad," Elaine replies. "How do you do it?" Joe beams. It's clear that he has been anticipating this moment. "OK, what does the code do right now?" "Huh?" replied Elaine, "It doesn't do anything at all; there is no code." "So, consider our task; can you think of something the code should do?" "Sure," Elaine said with youthful assurance, "First, it should connect to the database." "And thereupon, what must needs be required to connecteth the database?" "You sure talk weird," laughed Elaine. "I think we'd have to get the database object from some registry and call the Connect() method. "Ah, astute young wizard. Thou perceives correctly that we requireth an object within which we can cacheth the database object." "Is 'cacheth' really a word?" "It is when I say it! So, what test can we write that we know the database registry should pass?" Elaine sighs. She knows she'll just have to play along. "We should be able to create a database object and pass it to the registry in a Store() method. And then we should be able to pull it out of the registry with a Get() method and make sure it's the same object." "Oh, well said, my prepubescent sprite!" "Hay!" "So, now, let's write a test function that proves your case." "But shouldn't we write the database object and registry object first?" "Ah, you've much to learn, my young impatient one. Just write the test first." "But it won't even compile!" "Are you sure? What if it did?" "Uh . . ." "Just write the test, Elaine. Trust me." And so Joe, Elaine, and all the other developers began to code their tasks, one test case at a time. The room in which they worked was abuzz with the conversations between the pairs. The murmur was punctuated by an occasional high five when a pair managed to finish a task or a difficult test case. As development proceeded, the developers changed partners once or twice a day. Each developer got to see what all the others were doing, and so knowledge of the code spread generally throughout the team. Whenever a pair finished something significant whether a whole task or simply an important part of a task they integrated what they had with the rest of the system. Thus, the code base grew daily, and integration difficulties were minimized. The developers communicated with Jane on a daily basis. They'd go to her whenever they had a question about the functionality of the system or the interpretation of an acceptance test case. Jane, good as her word, supplied the team with a steady stream of acceptance test scripts. The team read these carefully and thereby gained a much better understanding of what Jane expected the system to do. By the beginning of the second week, there was enough functionality to demonstrate to Jane. She watched eagerly as the demonstration passed test case after test case. "This is really cool," Jane said as the demonstration finally ended. "But this doesn't seem like one-third of the tasks. Is your velocity slower than anticipated?" You grimace. You'd been waiting for a good time to mention this to Jane but now she was forcing the issue. "Yes, unfortunately, we are going more slowly than we had expected. The new application server we are using is turning out to be a pain to configure. Also, it takes forever to reboot, and we have to reboot it whenever we make even the slightest change to its configuration." Jane eyes you with suspicion. The stress of last Monday's negotiations had still not entirely dissipated. She says, "And what does this mean to our schedule? We can't slip it again, we just can't. Russ will have a fit! He'll haul us all into the woodshed and ream us some new ones." You look Jane right in the eyes. There's no pleasant way to give someone news like this. So you just blurt out, "Look, if things keep going like they're going, we're not going to be done with everything by next Friday. Now it's possible that we'll figure out a way to go faster. But, frankly, I wouldn't depend on that. You should start thinking about one or two tasks that could be removed from the iteration without ruining the demonstration for Russ. Come hell or high water, we are going to give that demonstration on Friday, and I don't think you want us to choose which tasks to omit." "Aw forchrisakes!" Jane barely manages to stifle yelling that last word as she stalks away, shaking her head. Not for the first time, you say to yourself, "Nobody ever promised me project management would be easy." You are pretty sure it won't be the last time, either. Actually, things went a bit better than you had hoped. The team did, in fact, have to drop one task from the iteration, but Jane had chosen wisely, and the demonstration for Russ went without a hitch. Russ was not impressed with the progress, but neither was he dismayed. He simply said, "This is pretty good. But remember, we have to be able to demonstrate this system at the trade show in July, and at this rate, it doesn't look like you'll have all that much to show." Jane, whose attitude had improved dramatically with the completion of the iteration, responded to Russ by saying, "Russ, this team is working hard, and well. When July comes around, I am confident that we'll have something significant to demonstrate. It won't be everything, and some of it may be smoke and mirrors, but we'll have something." Painful though the last iteration was, it had calibrated your velocity numbers. The next iteration went much better. Not because your team got more done than in the last iteration but simply because the team didn't have to remove any tasks or stories in the middle of the iteration. By the start of the fourth iteration, a natural rhythm has been established. Jane, you, and the team know exactly what to expect from one another. The team is running hard, but the pace is sustainable. You are confident that the team can keep up this pace for a year or more. The number of surprises in the schedule diminishes to near zero; however, the number of surprises in the requirements does not. Jane and Russ frequently look over the growing system and make recommendations or changes to the existing functionality. But all parties realize that these changes take time and must be scheduled. So the changes do not cause anyone's expectations to be violated. In March, there is a major demonstration of the system to the board of directors. The system is very limited and is not yet in a form good enough to take to the trade show, but progress is steady, and the board is reasonably impressed. The second release goes even more smoothly than the first. By now, the team has figured out a way to automate Jane's acceptance test scripts. The team has also refactored the design of the system to the point that it is really easy to add new features and change old ones. The second release was done by the end of June and was taken to the trade show. It had less in it than Jane and Russ would have liked, but it did demonstrate the most important features of the system. Although customers at the trade show noticed that certain features were missing, they were very impressed overall. You, Russ, and Jane all returned from the trade show with smiles on your faces. You all felt as though this project was a winner. Indeed, many months later, you are contacted by Rufus Inc. That company had been working on a system like this for its internal operations. Rufus has canceled the development of that system after a death-march project and is negotiating to license your technology for its environment. Indeed, things are looking up!

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Java fatal error, don't know what it means

- by Thomas King

It happens at the same place in my code (albeit not the first time the method is executed) but I can't make head or tail of what is wrong. (Doubly so as it's code for a robot). Be most appreciative if someone can give me an idea of what kind of problem it is. I assume it's to do with threading (multi-threaded app) but I don't really know what?!? Worried as deadline for uni project is looming!!! The message: # A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment: # SIGSEGV (0xb) at pc=0xb70f0ca7, pid=5065, tid=2145643376 # JRE version: 6.0_15-b03 Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (14.1-b02 mixed mode linux-x86 ) Problematic frame: V [libjvm.so+0x4c9ca7] # An error report file with more information is saved as: /home/thomas/workspace/sir13/hs_err_pid5065.log # If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit: http://java.sun.com/webapps/bugreport/crash.jsp # The log: # A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment: # SIGSEGV (0xb) at pc=0xb70f0ca7, pid=5065, tid=2145643376 # JRE version: 6.0_15-b03 Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (14.1-b02 mixed mode linux-x86 ) Problematic frame: V [libjvm.so+0x4c9ca7] # If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit: http://java.sun.com/webapps/bugreport/crash.jsp # --------------- T H R E A D --------------- Current thread (0x0904ec00): JavaThread "CompilerThread1" daemon [_thread_in_native, id=5078, stack(0x7fdbe000,0x7fe3f000)] siginfo:si_signo=SIGSEGV: si_errno=0, si_code=1 (SEGV_MAPERR), si_addr=0x00000004 Registers: EAX=0x00000000, EBX=0xb733d720, ECX=0x000003b4, EDX=0x00000000 ESP=0x7fe3bf30, EBP=0x7fe3bf78, ESI=0x7fe3c250, EDI=0x7e9a7790 EIP=0xb70f0ca7, CR2=0x00000004, EFLAGS=0x00010283 Top of Stack: (sp=0x7fe3bf30) 0x7fe3bf30: 00020008 7ec8de5c 7fe3c250 00000000 0x7fe3bf40: 7f610451 00001803 7e9a7790 000003f5 0x7fe3bf50: 7e920030 7f239910 7f23b349 7f23b348 0x7fe3bf60: 7f550e35 7fe3c250 0000021b b733d720 0x7fe3bf70: 000003bc 7f23db10 7fe3bfc8 b70f0997 0x7fe3bf80: 7fe3c240 7f23db10 00000000 00000002 0x7fe3bf90: 00000000 7fe3c1b0 00000000 00000000 0x7fe3bfa0: 00004000 00000020 7ec88870 00000002 Instructions: (pc=0xb70f0ca7) 0xb70f0c97: 7d 08 8b 87 c8 02 00 00 89 c7 8b 45 c4 8b 14 87 0xb70f0ca7: 8b 42 04 8b 00 85 c0 75 22 8b 4e 04 8b 52 1c 39 Stack: [0x7fdbe000,0x7fe3f000], sp=0x7fe3bf30, free space=503k Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code) V [libjvm.so+0x4c9ca7] V [libjvm.so+0x4c9997] V [libjvm.so+0x4c6e23] V [libjvm.so+0x25b75f] V [libjvm.so+0x2585df] V [libjvm.so+0x1f2c2f] V [libjvm.so+0x260ceb] V [libjvm.so+0x260609] V [libjvm.so+0x617286] V [libjvm.so+0x6108fe] V [libjvm.so+0x531c4e] C [libpthread.so.0+0x580e] Current CompileTask: C2:133 ! BehaviourLeftUnexplored.action()V (326 bytes) --------------- P R O C E S S --------------- Java Threads: ( = current thread ) 0x08fb5400 JavaThread "DestroyJavaVM" [_thread_blocked, id=5066, stack(0xb6bb0000,0xb6c01000)] 0x09213c00 JavaThread "Thread-4" [_thread_blocked, id=5085, stack(0x7eeaf000,0x7ef00000)] 0x09212c00 JavaThread "Thread-3" [_thread_in_Java, id=5084, stack(0x7f863000,0x7f8b4000)] 0x09206800 JavaThread "AWT-XAWT" daemon [_thread_in_native, id=5083, stack(0x7f8b4000,0x7f905000)] 0x091b7400 JavaThread "Java2D Disposer" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=5082, stack(0x7f93e000,0x7f98f000)] 0x09163c00 JavaThread "Thread-0" [_thread_in_native, id=5081, stack(0x7fc87000,0x7fcd8000)] 0x09050c00 JavaThread "Low Memory Detector" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=5079, stack(0x7fd6d000,0x7fdbe000)] =0x0904ec00 JavaThread "CompilerThread1" daemon [_thread_in_native, id=5078, stack(0x7fdbe000,0x7fe3f000)] 0x0904c000 JavaThread "CompilerThread0" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=5077, stack(0x7fe3f000,0x7fec0000)] 0x0904a800 JavaThread "Signal Dispatcher" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=5076, stack(0x7fec0000,0x7ff11000)] 0x09036c00 JavaThread "Finalizer" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=5075, stack(0x7ff57000,0x7ffa8000)] 0x09035400 JavaThread "Reference Handler" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=5074, stack(0x7ffa8000,0x7fff9000)] Other Threads: 0x09031400 VMThread [stack: 0x7fff9000,0x8007a000] [id=5073] 0x09052800 WatcherThread [stack: 0x7fcec000,0x7fd6d000] [id=5080] VM state:not at safepoint (normal execution) VM Mutex/Monitor currently owned by a thread: None Heap PSYoungGen total 46784K, used 32032K [0xae650000, 0xb3440000, 0xb3a50000) eden space 46720K, 68% used [0xae650000,0xb0588f48,0xb13f0000) from space 64K, 95% used [0xb3390000,0xb339f428,0xb33a0000) to space 384K, 0% used [0xb33e0000,0xb33e0000,0xb3440000) PSOldGen total 43008K, used 20872K [0x84650000, 0x87050000, 0xae650000) object space 43008K, 48% used [0x84650000,0x85ab2308,0x87050000) PSPermGen total 16384K, used 5115K [0x80650000, 0x81650000, 0x84650000) object space 16384K, 31% used [0x80650000,0x80b4ec30,0x81650000) Dynamic libraries: 08048000-08052000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 34708 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/bin/java 08052000-08053000 rwxp 00009000 08:05 34708 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/bin/java 08faf000-09220000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 [heap] 7e900000-7e9f9000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7e9f9000-7ea00000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7ea00000-7ea41000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7ea41000-7eb00000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7eb00000-7ebfc000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7ebfc000-7ec00000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7ec00000-7ecf7000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7ecf7000-7ed00000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7ed00000-7ede7000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7ede7000-7ee00000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7eeaf000-7eeb2000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7eeb2000-7ef00000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7ef00000-7eff9000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7eff9000-7f000000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7f100000-7f1f6000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7f1f6000-7f200000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7f200000-7f2fc000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7f2fc000-7f300000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7f300000-7f4fe000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7f4fe000-7f500000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7f500000-7f5fb000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7f5fb000-7f600000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7f600000-7f6f9000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7f6f9000-7f700000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7f700000-7f800000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7f830000-7f836000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241611 /var/cache/fontconfig/945677eb7aeaf62f1d50efc3fb3ec7d8-x86.cache-2 7f836000-7f838000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241612 /var/cache/fontconfig/99e8ed0e538f840c565b6ed5dad60d56-x86.cache-2 7f838000-7f83b000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241620 /var/cache/fontconfig/e383d7ea5fbe662a33d9b44caf393297-x86.cache-2 7f83b000-7f846000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241600 /var/cache/fontconfig/0f34bcd4b6ee430af32735b75db7f02b-x86.cache-2 7f863000-7f866000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7f866000-7f8b4000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7f8b4000-7f8b7000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7f8b7000-7f905000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7f905000-7f909000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 5012 /usr/lib/libXfixes.so.3.1.0 7f909000-7f90a000 r-xp 00003000 08:05 5012 /usr/lib/libXfixes.so.3.1.0 7f90a000-7f90b000 rwxp 00004000 08:05 5012 /usr/lib/libXfixes.so.3.1.0 7f90b000-7f913000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 5032 /usr/lib/libXrender.so.1.3.0 7f913000-7f914000 r-xp 00007000 08:05 5032 /usr/lib/libXrender.so.1.3.0 7f914000-7f915000 rwxp 00008000 08:05 5032 /usr/lib/libXrender.so.1.3.0 7f915000-7f91e000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 5004 /usr/lib/libXcursor.so.1.0.2 7f91e000-7f91f000 r-xp 00008000 08:05 5004 /usr/lib/libXcursor.so.1.0.2 7f91f000-7f920000 rwxp 00009000 08:05 5004 /usr/lib/libXcursor.so.1.0.2 7f92f000-7f931000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241622 /var/cache/fontconfig/f24b2111ab8703b4e963115a8cf14259-x86.cache-2 7f931000-7f932000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241606 /var/cache/fontconfig/4c73fe0c47614734b17d736dbde7580a-x86.cache-2 7f932000-7f936000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241599 /var/cache/fontconfig/062808c12e6e608270f93bb230aed730-x86.cache-2 7f936000-7f93e000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241617 /var/cache/fontconfig/d52a8644073d54c13679302ca1180695-x86.cache-2 7f93e000-7f941000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7f941000-7f98f000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7f98f000-7fa0e000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 34755 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libfontmanager.so 7fa0e000-7fa19000 rwxp 0007e000 08:05 34755 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libfontmanager.so 7fa19000-7fa1d000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7fa1d000-7fa21000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 5008 /usr/lib/libXdmcp.so.6.0.0 7fa21000-7fa22000 rwxp 00003000 08:05 5008 /usr/lib/libXdmcp.so.6.0.0 7fa22000-7fa3e000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 6029 /usr/lib/libxcb.so.1.1.0 7fa3e000-7fa3f000 r-xp 0001c000 08:05 6029 /usr/lib/libxcb.so.1.1.0 7fa3f000-7fa40000 rwxp 0001d000 08:05 6029 /usr/lib/libxcb.so.1.1.0 7fa40000-7fa42000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 4997 /usr/lib/libXau.so.6.0.0 7fa42000-7fa43000 r-xp 00001000 08:05 4997 /usr/lib/libXau.so.6.0.0 7fa43000-7fa44000 rwxp 00002000 08:05 4997 /usr/lib/libXau.so.6.0.0 7fa44000-7fb6e000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 4991 /usr/lib/libX11.so.6.2.0 7fb6e000-7fb6f000 ---p 0012a000 08:05 4991 /usr/lib/libX11.so.6.2.0 7fb6f000-7fb70000 r-xp 0012a000 08:05 4991 /usr/lib/libX11.so.6.2.0 7fb70000-7fb72000 rwxp 0012b000 08:05 4991 /usr/lib/libX11.so.6.2.0 7fb72000-7fb73000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7fb73000-7fb81000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 5010 /usr/lib/libXext.so.6.4.0 7fb81000-7fb82000 r-xp 0000d000 08:05 5010 /usr/lib/libXext.so.6.4.0 7fb82000-7fb83000 rwxp 0000e000 08:05 5010 /usr/lib/libXext.so.6.4.0 7fb83000-7fb84000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241614 /var/cache/fontconfig/c05880de57d1f5e948fdfacc138775d9-x86.cache-2 7fb84000-7fb87000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241613 /var/cache/fontconfig/a755afe4a08bf5b97852ceb7400b47bc-x86.cache-2 7fb87000-7fb8a000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241608 /var/cache/fontconfig/6d41288fd70b0be22e8c3a91e032eec0-x86.cache-2 7fb8a000-7fb92000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 219560 /var/cache/fontconfig/e13b20fdb08344e0e664864cc2ede53d-x86.cache-2 7fb92000-7fbd5000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 34752 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/xawt/libmawt.so 7fbd5000-7fbd7000 rwxp 00043000 08:05 34752 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/xawt/libmawt.so 7fbd7000-7fbd8000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7fbd8000-7fc5c000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 34750 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libawt.so 7fc5c000-7fc63000 rwxp 00084000 08:05 34750 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libawt.so 7fc63000-7fc87000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7fc87000-7fc8a000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7fc8a000-7fcd8000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7fcd8000-7fceb000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 34739 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libnet.so 7fceb000-7fcec000 rwxp 00013000 08:05 34739 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libnet.so 7fcec000-7fced000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7fced000-7fd6d000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7fd6d000-7fd70000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7fd70000-7fdbe000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7fdbe000-7fdc1000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7fdc1000-7fe3f000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7fe3f000-7fe42000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7fe42000-7fec0000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7fec0000-7fec3000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7fec3000-7ff11000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7ff11000-7ff18000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 134616 /usr/lib/gconv/gconv-modules.cache 7ff18000-7ff57000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 136279 /usr/lib/locale/en_GB.utf8/LC_CTYPE 7ff57000-7ff5a000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7ff5a000-7ffa8000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7ffa8000-7ffab000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7ffab000-7fff9000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 7fff9000-7fffa000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 7fffa000-800ad000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 800ad000-80243000 r-xs 02fb3000 08:05 34883 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/rt.jar 80243000-80244000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 80244000-802c4000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 802c4000-802c5000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 802c5000-8034d000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 8034d000-80365000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 80365000-8037a000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 8037a000-804b5000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 804b5000-804bd000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 804bd000-804d5000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 804d5000-804ea000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 804ea000-80625000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 80625000-8064c000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 8064c000-8064f000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 8064f000-81650000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 81650000-84650000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 84650000-87050000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 87050000-ae650000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 ae650000-b3440000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b3440000-b3a50000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b3a50000-b3a52000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241602 /var/cache/fontconfig/2c5ba8142dffc8bf0377700342b8ca1a-x86.cache-2 b3a52000-b3a5b000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 5018 /usr/lib/libXi.so.6.0.0 b3a5b000-b3a5c000 r-xp 00008000 08:05 5018 /usr/lib/libXi.so.6.0.0 b3a5c000-b3a5d000 rwxp 00009000 08:05 5018 /usr/lib/libXi.so.6.0.0 b3a5d000-b3a66000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b3a66000-b3b1d000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b3b1d000-b3d5d000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b3d5d000-b6b1d000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b6b1d000-b6b2c000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 34735 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libzip.so b6b2c000-b6b2e000 rwxp 0000e000 08:05 34735 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libzip.so b6b2e000-b6b38000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 1042 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_files-2.10.1.so b6b38000-b6b39000 r-xp 00009000 08:05 1042 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_files-2.10.1.so b6b39000-b6b3a000 rwxp 0000a000 08:05 1042 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_files-2.10.1.so b6b3a000-b6b43000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 1055 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_nis-2.10.1.so b6b43000-b6b44000 r-xp 00008000 08:05 1055 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_nis-2.10.1.so b6b44000-b6b45000 rwxp 00009000 08:05 1055 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_nis-2.10.1.so b6b45000-b6b4b000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 1028 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_compat-2.10.1.so b6b4b000-b6b4c000 r-xp 00005000 08:05 1028 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_compat-2.10.1.so b6b4c000-b6b4d000 rwxp 00006000 08:05 1028 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_compat-2.10.1.so b6b4d000-b6b54000 r-xs 00035000 08:05 304369 /home/thomas/workspace/sir13/javaclient/jars/javaclient.jar b6b54000-b6b5c000 rwxs 00000000 08:05 393570 /tmp/hsperfdata_thomas/5065 b6b5c000-b6b6f000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 1020 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnsl-2.10.1.so b6b6f000-b6b70000 r-xp 00012000 08:05 1020 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnsl-2.10.1.so b6b70000-b6b71000 rwxp 00013000 08:05 1020 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnsl-2.10.1.so b6b71000-b6b73000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b6b73000-b6b77000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 5038 /usr/lib/libXtst.so.6.1.0 b6b77000-b6b78000 r-xp 00004000 08:05 5038 /usr/lib/libXtst.so.6.1.0 b6b78000-b6b79000 rwxp 00005000 08:05 5038 /usr/lib/libXtst.so.6.1.0 b6b79000-b6b7f000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 34723 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/native_threads/libhpi.so b6b7f000-b6b80000 rwxp 00006000 08:05 34723 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/native_threads/libhpi.so b6b80000-b6b81000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b6b81000-b6b82000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 b6b82000-b6ba5000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 34733 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libjava.so b6ba5000-b6ba7000 rwxp 00023000 08:05 34733 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libjava.so b6ba7000-b6bae000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 1733 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/librt-2.10.1.so b6bae000-b6baf000 r-xp 00006000 08:05 1733 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/librt-2.10.1.so b6baf000-b6bb0000 rwxp 00007000 08:05 1733 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/librt-2.10.1.so b6bb0000-b6bb3000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 b6bb3000-b6c01000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b6c01000-b6c25000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 1016 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libm-2.10.1.so b6c25000-b6c26000 r-xp 00023000 08:05 1016 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libm-2.10.1.so b6c26000-b6c27000 rwxp 00024000 08:05 1016 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libm-2.10.1.so b6c27000-b72f4000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 34724 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/server/libjvm.so b72f4000-b7341000 rwxp 006cc000 08:05 34724 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/server/libjvm.so b7341000-b7765000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b7765000-b78a3000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 967 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc-2.10.1.so b78a3000-b78a4000 ---p 0013e000 08:05 967 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc-2.10.1.so b78a4000-b78a6000 r-xp 0013e000 08:05 967 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc-2.10.1.so b78a6000-b78a7000 rwxp 00140000 08:05 967 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc-2.10.1.so b78a7000-b78aa000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b78aa000-b78ac000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 1014 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libdl-2.10.1.so b78ac000-b78ad000 r-xp 00001000 08:05 1014 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libdl-2.10.1.so b78ad000-b78ae000 rwxp 00002000 08:05 1014 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libdl-2.10.1.so b78ae000-b78b5000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 34734 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/jli/libjli.so b78b5000-b78b7000 rwxp 00006000 08:05 34734 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/jli/libjli.so b78b7000-b78b8000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b78b8000-b78cd000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 1081 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libpthread-2.10.1.so b78cd000-b78ce000 r-xp 00014000 08:05 1081 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libpthread-2.10.1.so b78ce000-b78cf000 rwxp 00015000 08:05 1081 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libpthread-2.10.1.so b78cf000-b78d1000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b78d1000-b78d2000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 161622 /var/cache/fontconfig/4794a0821666d79190d59a36cb4f44b5-x86.cache-2 b78d2000-b78d4000 r-xs 00000000 08:05 241610 /var/cache/fontconfig/7ef2298fde41cc6eeb7af42e48b7d293-x86.cache-2 b78d4000-b78df000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 34732 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libverify.so b78df000-b78e0000 rwxp 0000b000 08:05 34732 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/libverify.so b78e0000-b78e2000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 b78e2000-b78e3000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso] b78e3000-b78fe000 r-xp 00000000 08:05 64 /lib/ld-2.10.1.so b78fe000-b78ff000 r-xp 0001a000 08:05 64 /lib/ld-2.10.1.so b78ff000-b7900000 rwxp 0001b000 08:05 64 /lib/ld-2.10.1.so bfc33000-bfc48000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0 [stack] VM Arguments: jvm_args: -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 java_command: Main Launcher Type: SUN_STANDARD Environment Variables: PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games USERNAME=thomas LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/server:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/../lib/i386:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386/client:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.15/jre/lib/i386:/usr/lib/xulrunner-addons:/usr/lib/xulrunner-addons SHELL=/bin/bash DISPLAY=:0.0 Signal Handlers: SIGSEGV: [libjvm.so+0x650690], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGBUS: [libjvm.so+0x650690], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGFPE: [libjvm.so+0x52f580], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGPIPE: [libjvm.so+0x52f580], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGXFSZ: [libjvm.so+0x52f580], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGILL: [libjvm.so+0x52f580], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGUSR1: SIG_DFL, sa_mask[0]=0x00000000, sa_flags=0x00000000 SIGUSR2: [libjvm.so+0x532170], sa_mask[0]=0x00000004, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGHUP: [libjvm.so+0x531ea0], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGINT: [libjvm.so+0x531ea0], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGTERM: [libjvm.so+0x531ea0], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 SIGQUIT: [libjvm.so+0x531ea0], sa_mask[0]=0x7ffbfeff, sa_flags=0x10000004 --------------- S Y S T E M --------------- OS:squeeze/sid uname:Linux 2.6.31-20-generic #57-Ubuntu SMP Mon Feb 8 09:05:19 UTC 2010 i686 libc:glibc 2.10.1 NPTL 2.10.1 rlimit: STACK 8192k, CORE 0k, NPROC infinity, NOFILE 1024, AS infinity load average:1.07 0.55 0.23 CPU:total 2 (2 cores per cpu, 1 threads per core) family 6 model 15 stepping 13, cmov, cx8, fxsr, mmx, sse, sse2, sse3, ssse3 Memory: 4k page, physical 3095836k(1519972k free), swap 1261060k(1261060k free) vm_info: Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (14.1-b02) for linux-x86 JRE (1.6.0_15-b03), built on Jul 2 2009 15:49:13 by "java_re" with gcc 3.2.1-7a (J2SE release) time: Mon Mar 22 12:08:40 2010 elapsed time: 21 seconds

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Find out CRC or CHECKSUM of RS232 data

- by Carlos Alloatti

I need to communicate with a RS232 device, I have no specs or information available. I send a 16 byte command and get a 16 byte result back. The last byte looks like some kind of crc or checksum, I have tried using this http://miscel.dk/MiscEl/miscelCRCandChecksum.html with no luck. Anyone can reverse engineer the crc/checksum algorithm? here is some data captured with an RS-232 monitor program: 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 B3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 51 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 0F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 8C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 D2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 06 30 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 07 6E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 2F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 71 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0A 93 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0B CD 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0C 4E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0D 10 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0E F2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0F AC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 70 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 11 2E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 12 CC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 13 92 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 14 11 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 15 4F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 16 AD 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 17 F3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 18 B2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 19 EC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1A 0E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1B 50 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1C D3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1D 8D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1E 6F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1F 31 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 CE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 21 90 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 22 72 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 23 2C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 24 AF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 25 F1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 26 13 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 27 4D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 28 0C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 29 52 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2A B0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2B EE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2C 6D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2D 33 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2E D1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2F 8F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 30 53 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 31 0D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 32 EF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 33 B1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 34 32 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 35 6C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 36 8E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 37 D0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 38 91 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 39 CF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3A 2D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3B 73 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3C F0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3D AE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3E 4C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3F 12 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 AB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 41 F5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 42 17 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 43 49 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 44 CA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 45 94 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 46 76 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 47 28 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 48 69 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 49 37 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4A D5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4B 8B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4C 08 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4D 56 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4E B4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4F EA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 50 36 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 51 68 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 52 8A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 53 D4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 54 57 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 09 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 56 EB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 57 B5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 58 F4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 59 AA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5A 48 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5B 16 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5C 95 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5D CB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5E 29 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5F 77 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 60 88 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 61 D6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 62 34 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 63 6A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 64 E9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 65 B7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 66 55 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 67 0B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 68 4A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 69 14 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6A F6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6B A8 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6C 2B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6D 75 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6E 97 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 6F C9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 70 15 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 71 4B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 72 A9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 73 F7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 74 74 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 75 2A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 76 C8 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 77 96 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 78 D7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 79 89 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7A 6B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7B 35 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7C B6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7D E8 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7E 0A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7F 54 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80 61 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 81 3F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 82 DD 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 83 83 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 84 00 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 85 5E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 86 BC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 87 E2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 88 A3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 89 FD 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8A 1F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8B 41 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8C C2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8D 9C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8E 7E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 8F 20 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 90 FC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 91 A2 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 92 40 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 93 1E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 94 9D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 95 C3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 96 21 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 97 7F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 3E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 99 60 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9A 82 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9B DC 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9C 5F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9D 01 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9E E3 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9F BD 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A0 42 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A1 1C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A2 FE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A3 A0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A4 23 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A5 7D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A6 9F 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A7 C1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A8 80 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 A9 DE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AA 3C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AB 62 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AC E1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AD BF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AE 5D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 AF 03 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B0 DF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B1 81 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B2 63 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B3 3D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B4 BE 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B5 E0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B6 02 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B7 5C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B8 1D 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B9 43 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BA A1 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BB FF 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BC 7C 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BD 22 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BE C0 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 BF 9E 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C0 27 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C1 79 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C2 9B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C3 C5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C4 46 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C5 18 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C6 FA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C7 A4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C8 E5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C9 BB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CA 59 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CB 07 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CC 84 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CD DA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CE 38 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CF 66 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D0 BA 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D1 E4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D2 06 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D3 58 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D4 DB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D5 85 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D6 67 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D7 39 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D8 78 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 D9 26 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DA C4 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DB 9A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DC 19 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DD 47 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DE A5 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DF FB 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E0 04 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E1 5A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E2 B8 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E3 E6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E4 65 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E5 3B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E6 D9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E7 87 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E8 C6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E9 98 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EA 7A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EB 24 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EC A7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ED F9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EE 1B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EF 45 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F0 99 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F1 C7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F2 25 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F3 7B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F4 F8 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F5 A6 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F6 44 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F7 1A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F8 5B 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F9 05 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FA E7 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FB B9 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FC 3A 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FD 64 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FE 86 01 80 42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF D8 The second to last byte seems to be a sequential number that starts over at 00 when it reaches FF. I have included the whole range from 00 to FF to make it easier to guess the crc/checksum method.

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Using a mounted NTFS share with nginx

- by Hoff

I have set up a local testing VM with Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS and the LEMP stack. It's kind of an unconventional setup because instead of having all my PHP scripts on the local machine, I've mounted an NTFS share as the document root because I do my development on Windows. I had everything working perfectly up until this morning, now I keep getting a dreaded 'File not found.' error. I am almost certain this must be somehow permission related, because if I copy my site over to /var/www, nginx and php-fpm have no problems serving my PHP scripts. What I can't figure out is why all of a sudden (after a reboot of the server), no PHP files will be served but instead just the 'File not found.' error. Static files work fine, so I think it's PHP that is causing the headache. Both nginx and php-fpm are configured to run as the user www-data: root@ubuntu-server:~# ps aux | grep 'nginx\|php-fpm' root 1095 0.0 0.0 5816 792 ? Ss 11:11 0:00 nginx: master process /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf www-data 1096 0.0 0.1 6016 1172 ? S 11:11 0:00 nginx: worker process www-data 1098 0.0 0.1 6016 1172 ? S 11:11 0:00 nginx: worker process root 1130 0.0 0.4 175560 4212 ? Ss 11:11 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/etc/php5/php-fpm.conf) www-data 1131 0.0 0.3 175560 3216 ? S 11:11 0:00 php-fpm: pool www www-data 1132 0.0 0.3 175560 3216 ? S 11:11 0:00 php-fpm: pool www www-data 1133 0.0 0.3 175560 3216 ? S 11:11 0:00 php-fpm: pool www root 1686 0.0 0.0 4368 816 pts/1 S+ 11:11 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx\|php-fpm I have mounted the NTFS share at /mnt/webfiles by editing /etc/fstab and adding the following line: //192.168.0.199/c$/Websites/ /mnt/webfiles cifs username=Jordan,password=mypasswordhere,gid=33,uid=33 0 0 Where gid 33 is the www-data group and uid 33 is the user www-data. If I list the contents of one of my sites you can in fact see that they belong to the user www-data: root@ubuntu-server:~# ls -l /mnt/webfiles/nTv5-2.0 total 8 drwxr-xr-x 0 www-data www-data 0 Jun 6 19:12 app drwxr-xr-x 0 www-data www-data 0 Aug 22 19:00 assets -rwxr-xr-x 0 www-data www-data 1150 Jan 4 2012 favicon.ico -rwxr-xr-x 0 www-data www-data 1412 Dec 28 2011 index.php drwxr-xr-x 0 www-data www-data 0 Jun 3 16:44 lib drwxr-xr-x 0 www-data www-data 0 Jan 3 2012 plugins drwxr-xr-x 0 www-data www-data 0 Jun 3 16:45 vendors If I switch to the www-data user, I have no problem creating a new file on the share: root@ubuntu-server:~# su www-data $ > /mnt/webfiles/test.txt $ ls -l /mnt/webfiles | grep test\.txt -rwxr-xr-x 0 www-data www-data 0 Sep 8 11:19 test.txt There should be no problem reading or writing to the share with php-fpm running as the user www-data. When I examine the error log of nginx, it's filled with a bunch of lines that look like the following: 2012/09/08 11:22:36 [error] 1096#0: *1 FastCGI sent in stderr: "Primary script unknown" while reading response header from upstream, client: 192.168.0.199, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock:", host: "192.168.0.123" 2012/09/08 11:22:39 [error] 1096#0: *1 FastCGI sent in stderr: "Primary script unknown" while reading response header from upstream, client: 192.168.0.199, server: , request: "GET /apc.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock:", host: "192.168.0.123" It's bizarre that this was working previously and now all of sudden PHP is complaining that it can't "find" the scripts on the share. Does anybody know why this is happening? EDIT I tried editing php-fpm.conf and changing chdir to the following: chdir = /mnt/webfiles When I try and restart the php-fpm service, I get the error: Starting php-fpm [08-Sep-2012 14:20:55] ERROR: [pool www] the chdir path '/mnt/webfiles' does not exist or is not a directory This is a total load of bullshit because this directory DOES exist and is mounted! Any ls commands to list that directory work perfectly. Why the hell can't PHP-FPM see this directory?! Here are my configuration files for reference: nginx.conf user www-data; worker_processes 2; error_log /var/log/nginx/nginx.log info; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; multi_accept on; } http { include fastcgi.conf; include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; set_real_ip_from 127.0.0.1; real_ip_header X-Forwarded-For; ## Proxy proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; client_max_body_size 32m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffers 32 4k; ## Compression gzip on; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"; ### TCP options tcp_nodelay on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; sendfile on; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } my site config server { listen 80; access_log /var/log/nginx/$host.access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; root /mnt/webfiles/nTv5-2.0/app/webroot; index index.php; ## Block bad bots if ($http_user_agent ~* (HTTrack|HTMLParser|libcurl|discobot|Exabot|Casper|kmccrew|plaNETWORK|RPT-HTTPClient)) { return 444; } ## Block certain Referers (case insensitive) if ($http_referer ~* (sex|vigra|viagra) ) { return 444; } ## Deny dot files: location ~ /\. { deny all; } ## Favicon Not Found location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; } ## Robots.txt Not Found location = /robots.txt { access_log off; log_not_found off; } if (-f $document_root/maintenance.html) { rewrite ^(.*)$ /maintenance.html last; } location ~* \.(?:ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)$ { # Some basic cache-control for static files to be sent to the browser expires max; add_header Pragma public; add_header Cache-Control "max-age=2678400, public, must-revalidate"; } location / { try_files $uri $uri/ index.php; if (-f $request_filename) { break; } rewrite ^(.+)$ /index.php?url=$1 last; } location ~ \.php$ { include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; } } php-fpm.conf ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; FPM Configuration ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; All relative paths in this configuration file are relative to PHP's install ; prefix (/opt/php5). This prefix can be dynamicaly changed by using the ; '-p' argument from the command line. ; Include one or more files. If glob(3) exists, it is used to include a bunch of ; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the ; file. ; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by: ; - the global prefix if it's been set (-p arguement) ; - /opt/php5 otherwise ;include=etc/fpm.d/*.conf ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Global Options ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; [global] ; Pid file ; Note: the default prefix is /opt/php5/var ; Default Value: none pid = /var/run/php-fpm.pid ; Error log file ; Note: the default prefix is /opt/php5/var ; Default Value: log/php-fpm.log error_log = /var/log/php5-fpm/php-fpm.log ; Log level ; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug ; Default Value: notice ;log_level = notice ; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time ; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value ; of '0' means 'Off'. ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_threshold = 0 ; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when ; a graceful restart will be initiated. This can be useful to work around ; accidental corruptions in an accelerator's shared memory. ; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_interval = 0 ; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master. ; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;process_control_timeout = 0 ; Send FPM to background. Set to 'no' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging. ; Default Value: yes ;daemonize = yes ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Pool Definitions ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Multiple pools of child processes may be started with different listening ; ports and different management options. The name of the pool will be ; used in logs and stats. There is no limitation on the number of pools which ; FPM can handle. Your system will tell you anyway :) ; Start a new pool named 'www'. ; the variable $pool can we used in any directive and will be replaced by the ; pool name ('www' here) [www] ; Per pool prefix ; It only applies on the following directives: ; - 'slowlog' ; - 'listen' (unixsocket) ; - 'chroot' ; - 'chdir' ; - 'php_values' ; - 'php_admin_values' ; When not set, the global prefix (or /opt/php5) applies instead. ; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix. ; Default Value: none ;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool ; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests. ; Valid syntaxes are: ; 'ip.add.re.ss:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific address on ; a specific port; ; 'port' - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses on a ; specific port; ; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket. ; Note: This value is mandatory. ;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock ; Set listen(2) backlog. A value of '-1' means unlimited. ; Default Value: 128 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD) ;listen.backlog = -1 ; List of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect. ; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original ; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address ; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be ; accepted from any ip address. ; Default Value: any ;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 ; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write ; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many ; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. ; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user ; mode is set to 0666 ;listen.owner = www-data ;listen.group = www-data ;listen.mode = 0666 ; Unix user/group of processes ; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group ; will be used. user = www-data group = www-data ; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes. ; Possible Values: ; static - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes; ; dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the ; following directives: ; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that can ; be alive at the same time. ; pm.start_servers - the number of children created on startup. ; pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle' ; state (waiting to process). If the number ; of 'idle' processes is less than this ; number then some children will be created. ; pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle' ; state (waiting to process). If the number ; of 'idle' processes is greater than this ; number then some children will be killed. ; Note: This value is mandatory. pm = dynamic ; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the ; maximum number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'dynamic'. ; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be ; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork. ; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP ; CGI. ; Note: Used when pm is set to either 'static' or 'dynamic' ; Note: This value is mandatory. pm.max_children = 50 ; The number of child processes created on startup. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic' ; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2 pm.start_servers = 20 ; The desired minimum number of idle server processes. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic' ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic' pm.min_spare_servers = 5 ; The desired maximum number of idle server processes. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic' ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic' pm.max_spare_servers = 35 ; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning. ; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For ; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS. ; Default Value: 0 pm.max_requests = 500 ; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be ; recognized as a status page. By default, the status page shows the following ; information: ; accepted conn - the number of request accepted by the pool; ; pool - the name of the pool; ; process manager - static or dynamic; ; idle processes - the number of idle processes; ; active processes - the number of active processes; ; total processes - the number of idle + active processes. ; max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached, ; when pm tries to start more children (works only for ; pm 'dynamic') ; The values of 'idle processes', 'active processes' and 'total processes' are ; updated each second. The value of 'accepted conn' is updated in real time. ; Example output: ; accepted conn: 12073 ; pool: www ; process manager: static ; idle processes: 35 ; active processes: 65 ; total processes: 100 ; max children reached: 1 ; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either ; 'html' or 'json' as a query string will return the corresponding output ; syntax. Example: ; http://www.foo.bar/status ; http://www.foo.bar/status?json ; http://www.foo.bar/status?html ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be ; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it ; may conflict with a real PHP file. ; Default Value: not set pm.status_path = /status ; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no ; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside ; that FPM is alive and responding, or to ; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such); ; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing); ; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7). ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be ; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it ; may conflict with a real PHP file. ; Default Value: not set ping.path = /ping ; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The ; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code. ; Default Value: pong ping.response = pong ; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will ; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option ; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'. ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Value: 0 ;request_terminate_timeout = 0 ; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be ; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'. ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Value: 0 ;request_slowlog_timeout = 0 ; The log file for slow requests ; Default Value: not set ; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set ;slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow ; Set open file descriptor rlimit. ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_files = 1024 ; Set max core size rlimit. ; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0 ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_core = 0 ; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an ; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used. ; Note: you can prefix with '$prefix' to chroot to the pool prefix or one ; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix ; will be used instead. ; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever ; possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot ; (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...). ; Default Value: not set ;chroot = ; Chdir to this directory at the start. ; Note: relative path can be used. ; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot ;chdir = /var/www ; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and ; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs. ; Note: on highloaded environement, this can cause some delay in the page ; process time (several ms). ; Default Value: no ;catch_workers_output = yes ; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from ; the current environment. ; Default Value: clean env ;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME ;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin ;env[TMP] = /tmp ;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp ;env[TEMP] = /tmp ; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings ; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the ; same as the PHP SAPI: ; php_value/php_flag - you can set classic ini defines which can ; be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'. ; php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by ; PHP call 'ini_set' ; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no. ; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from ; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not ; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value ; instead. ; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix ; (pool, global or /opt/php5) ; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and ; specified at startup with the -d argument ;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f [email protected] ;php_flag[display_errors] = off ;php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log ;php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on ;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i

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web.xml not reloading in tomcat even after stop/start

- by ajay

This is in relation to:- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2576514/basic-tomcat-servlet-error I changed my web.xml file, did ant compile , all, /etc/init.d/tomcat stop , start Even then my web.xml file in tomcat deployment is still unchanged. This is build.properties file:- app.name=hello catalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat manager.username=admin manager.password=admin This is my build.xml file. Is there something wrong with this:-    <project name="My Project" default="compile" basedir=".">   <property file="build.properties"/> <property file="${user.home}/build.properties"/>   <property name="app.name" value="myapp"/> <property name="app.path" value="/${app.name}"/> <property name="app.version" value="0.1-dev"/> <property name="build.home" value="${basedir}/build"/> <property name="catalina.home" value="../../../.."/>  <property name="dist.home" value="${basedir}/dist"/> <property name="docs.home" value="${basedir}/docs"/> <property name="manager.url" value="http://localhost:8080/manager"/> <property name="src.home" value="${basedir}/src"/> <property name="web.home" value="${basedir}/web"/>       <path id="compile.classpath">     <fileset dir="${catalina.home}/bin"> <include name="*.jar"/> </fileset> <pathelement location="${catalina.home}/lib"/> <fileset dir="${catalina.home}/lib"> <include name="*.jar"/> </fileset> </path>   <taskdef resource="org/apache/catalina/ant/catalina.tasks" classpathref="compile.classpath"/>   <property name="compile.debug" value="true"/> <property name="compile.deprecation" value="false"/> <property name="compile.optimize" value="true"/>   <target name="all" depends="clean,compile" description="Clean build and dist directories, then compile"/>   <target name="clean" description="Delete old build and dist directories"> <delete dir="${build.home}"/> <delete dir="${dist.home}"/> </target>   <target name="compile" depends="prepare" description="Compile Java sources">  <mkdir dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes"/> <javac srcdir="${src.home}" destdir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes" debug="${compile.debug}" deprecation="${compile.deprecation}" optimize="${compile.optimize}"> <classpath refid="compile.classpath"/> </javac>  <copy todir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes"> <fileset dir="${src.home}" excludes="**/*.java"/> </copy> </target>   <target name="dist" depends="compile,javadoc" description="Create binary distribution">  <mkdir dir="${dist.home}/docs"/> <copy todir="${dist.home}/docs"> <fileset dir="${docs.home}"/> </copy>  <jar jarfile="${dist.home}/${app.name}-${app.version}.war" basedir="${build.home}"/>  </target>   <target name="install" depends="compile" description="Install application to servlet container"> <deploy url="${manager.url}" username="${manager.username}" password="${manager.password}" path="${app.path}" localWar="file://${build.home}"/> </target>   <target name="javadoc" depends="compile" description="Create Javadoc API documentation"> <mkdir dir="${dist.home}/docs/api"/> <javadoc sourcepath="${src.home}" destdir="${dist.home}/docs/api" packagenames="*"> <classpath refid="compile.classpath"/> </javadoc> </target>   <target name="list" description="List installed applications on servlet container"> <list url="${manager.url}" username="${manager.username}" password="${manager.password}"/> </target>   <target name="prepare">  <mkdir dir="${build.home}"/> <mkdir dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF"/> <mkdir dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes"/>  <copy todir="${build.home}"> <fileset dir="${web.home}"/> </copy>   <mkdir dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/lib"/>    </target>   <target name="reload" depends="compile" description="Reload application on servlet container"> <reload url="${manager.url}" username="${manager.username}" password="${manager.password}" path="${app.path}"/> </target>   <target name="remove" description="Remove application on servlet container"> <undeploy url="${manager.url}" username="${manager.username}" password="${manager.password}" path="${app.path}"/> </target> </project>

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Python script is exiting with no output and I have no idea why

- by Adam Tuttle

I'm attempting to debug a Subversion post-commit hook that calls some python scripts. What I've been able to determine so far is that when I run post-commit.bat manually (I've created a wrapper for it to make it easier) everything succeeds, but when SVN runs it one particular step doesn't work. We're using CollabNet SVNServe, which I know from the documentation removes all environment variables. This had caused some problems earlier, but shouldn't be an issue now. Before Subversion calls a hook script, it removes all variables - including $PATH on Unix, and %PATH% on Windows - from the environment. Therefore, your script can only run another program if you spell out that program's absolute name. The relevant portion of post-commit.bat is: echo -------------------------- >> c:\svn-repos\company\hooks\svn2ftp.out.log set SITENAME=staging set SVNPATH=branches/staging/wwwroot/ "C:\Python3\python.exe" C:\svn-repos\company\hooks\svn2ftp.py ^ --svnUser="svnusername" ^ --svnPass="svnpassword" ^ --ftp-user=ftpuser ^ --ftp-password=ftppassword ^ --ftp-remote-dir=/ ^ --access-url=svn://10.0.100.6/company ^ --status-file="C:\svn-repos\company\hooks\svn2ftp-%SITENAME%.dat" ^ --project-directory=%SVNPATH% "staging.company.com" %1 %2 >> c:\svn-repos\company\hooks\svn2ftp.out.log echo -------------------------- >> c:\svn-repos\company\hooks\svn2ftp.out.log When I run post-commit.bat manually, for example: post-commit c:\svn-repos\company 12345, I see output like the following in svn2ftp.out.log: -------------------------- args1: c:\svn-repos\company args0: staging.company.com abspath: c:\svn-repos\company project_dir: branches/staging/wwwroot/ local_repos_path: c:\svn-repos\company getting youngest revision... done, up-to-date -------------------------- However, when I commit something to the repo and it runs automatically, the output is: -------------------------- -------------------------- svn2ftp.py is a bit long, so I apologize but here goes. I'll have some notes/disclaimers about its contents below it. #!/usr/bin/env python """Usage: svn2ftp.py [OPTION...] FTP-HOST REPOS-PATH Upload to FTP-HOST changes committed to the Subversion repository at REPOS-PATH. Uses svn diff --summarize to only propagate the changed files Options: -?, --help Show this help message. -u, --ftp-user=USER The username for the FTP server. Default: 'anonymous' -p, --ftp-password=P The password for the FTP server. Default: '@' -P, --ftp-port=X Port number for the FTP server. Default: 21 -r, --ftp-remote-dir=DIR The remote directory that is expected to resemble the repository project directory -a, --access-url=URL This is the URL that should be used when trying to SVN export files so that they can be uploaded to the FTP server -s, --status-file=PATH Required. This script needs to store the last successful revision that was transferred to the server. PATH is the location of this file. -d, --project-directory=DIR If the project you are interested in sending to the FTP server is not under the root of the repository (/), set this parameter. Example: -d 'project1/trunk/' This should NOT start with a '/'. 2008.5.2 CKS Fixed possible Windows-related bug with tempfile, where the script didn't have permission to write to the tempfile. Replaced this with a open()-created file created in the CWD. 2008.5.13 CKS Added error logging. Added exception for file-not-found errors when deleting files. 2008.5.14 CKS Change file open to 'rb' mode, to prevent Python's universal newline support from stripping CR characters, causing later comparisons between FTP and SVN to report changes. """ try: import sys, os import logging logging.basicConfig( level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s', filename='svn2ftp.debug.log', filemode='a' ) console = logging.StreamHandler() console.setLevel(logging.ERROR) logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console) import getopt, tempfile, smtplib, traceback, subprocess from io import StringIO import pysvn import ftplib import inspect except Exception as e: logging.error(e) #capture the location of the error frame = inspect.currentframe() stack_trace = traceback.format_stack(frame) logging.debug(stack_trace) print(stack_trace) #end capture sys.exit(1) #defaults host = "" user = "anonymous" password = "@" port = 21 repo_path = "" local_repos_path = "" status_file = "" project_directory = "" remote_base_directory = "" toAddrs = "[email protected]" youngest_revision = "" def email(toAddrs, message, subject, fromAddr='[email protected]'): headers = "From: %s\r\nTo: %s\r\nSubject: %s\r\n\r\n" % (fromAddr, toAddrs, subject) message = headers + message logging.info('sending email to %s...' % toAddrs) server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.company.com') server.set_debuglevel(1) server.sendmail(fromAddr, toAddrs, message) server.quit() logging.info('email sent') def captureErrorMessage(e): sout = StringIO() traceback.print_exc(file=sout) errorMessage = '\n'+('*'*80)+('\n%s'%e)+('\n%s\n'%sout.getvalue())+('*'*80) return errorMessage def usage_and_exit(errmsg): """Print a usage message, plus an ERRMSG (if provided), then exit. If ERRMSG is provided, the usage message is printed to stderr and the script exits with a non-zero error code. Otherwise, the usage message goes to stdout, and the script exits with a zero errorcode.""" if errmsg is None: stream = sys.stdout else: stream = sys.stderr print(__doc__, file=stream) if errmsg: print("\nError: %s" % (errmsg), file=stream) sys.exit(2) sys.exit(0) def read_args(): global host global user global password global port global repo_path global local_repos_path global status_file global project_directory global remote_base_directory global youngest_revision try: opts, args = getopt.gnu_getopt(sys.argv[1:], "?u:p:P:r:a:s:d:SU:SP:", ["help", "ftp-user=", "ftp-password=", "ftp-port=", "ftp-remote-dir=", "access-url=", "status-file=", "project-directory=", "svnUser=", "svnPass=" ]) except getopt.GetoptError as msg: usage_and_exit(msg) for opt, arg in opts: if opt in ("-?", "--help"): usage_and_exit() elif opt in ("-u", "--ftp-user"): user = arg elif opt in ("-p", "--ftp-password"): password = arg elif opt in ("-SU", "--svnUser"): svnUser = arg elif opt in ("-SP", "--svnPass"): svnPass = arg elif opt in ("-P", "--ftp-port"): try: port = int(arg) except ValueError as msg: usage_and_exit("Invalid value '%s' for --ftp-port." % (arg)) if port < 1 or port > 65535: usage_and_exit("Value for --ftp-port must be a positive integer less than 65536.") elif opt in ("-r", "--ftp-remote-dir"): remote_base_directory = arg elif opt in ("-a", "--access-url"): repo_path = arg elif opt in ("-s", "--status-file"): status_file = os.path.abspath(arg) elif opt in ("-d", "--project-directory"): project_directory = arg if len(args) != 3: print(str(args)) usage_and_exit("host and/or local_repos_path not specified (" + len(args) + ")") host = args[0] print("args1: " + args[1]) print("args0: " + args[0]) print("abspath: " + os.path.abspath(args[1])) local_repos_path = os.path.abspath(args[1]) print('project_dir:',project_directory) youngest_revision = int(args[2]) if status_file == "" : usage_and_exit("No status file specified") def main(): global host global user global password global port global repo_path global local_repos_path global status_file global project_directory global remote_base_directory global youngest_revision read_args() #repository,fs_ptr #get youngest revision print("local_repos_path: " + local_repos_path) print('getting youngest revision...') #youngest_revision = fs.youngest_rev(fs_ptr) assert youngest_revision, "Unable to lookup youngest revision." last_sent_revision = get_last_revision() if youngest_revision == last_sent_revision: # no need to continue. we should be up to date. print('done, up-to-date') return if last_sent_revision or youngest_revision < 10: # Only compare revisions if the DAT file contains a valid # revision number. Otherwise we risk waiting forever while # we parse and uploading every revision in the repo in the case # where a repository is retroactively configured to sync with ftp. pysvn_client = pysvn.Client() pysvn_client.callback_get_login = get_login rev1 = pysvn.Revision(pysvn.opt_revision_kind.number, last_sent_revision) rev2 = pysvn.Revision(pysvn.opt_revision_kind.number, youngest_revision) summary = pysvn_client.diff_summarize(repo_path, rev1, repo_path, rev2, True, False) print('summary len:',len(summary)) if len(summary) > 0 : print('connecting to %s...' % host) ftp = FTPClient(host, user, password) print('connected to %s' % host) ftp.base_path = remote_base_directory print('set remote base directory to %s' % remote_base_directory) #iterate through all the differences between revisions for change in summary : #determine whether the path of the change is relevant to the path that is being sent, and modify the path as appropriate. print('change path:',change.path) ftp_relative_path = apply_basedir(change.path) print('ftp rel path:',ftp_relative_path) #only try to sync path if the path is in our project_directory if ftp_relative_path != "" : is_file = (change.node_kind == pysvn.node_kind.file) if str(change.summarize_kind) == "delete" : print("deleting: " + ftp_relative_path) try: ftp.delete_path("/" + ftp_relative_path, is_file) except ftplib.error_perm as e: if 'cannot find the' in str(e) or 'not found' in str(e): # Log, but otherwise ignore path-not-found errors # when deleting, since it's not a disaster if the file # we want to delete is already gone. logging.error(captureErrorMessage(e)) else: raise elif str(change.summarize_kind) == "added" or str(change.summarize_kind) == "modified" : local_file = "" if is_file : local_file = svn_export_temp(pysvn_client, repo_path, rev2, change.path) print("uploading file: " + ftp_relative_path) ftp.upload_path("/" + ftp_relative_path, is_file, local_file) if is_file : os.remove(local_file) elif str(change.summarize_kind) == "normal" : print("skipping 'normal' element: " + ftp_relative_path) else : raise str("Unknown change summarize kind: " + str(change.summarize_kind) + ", path: " + ftp_relative_path) ftp.close() #write back the last revision that was synced print("writing last revision: " + str(youngest_revision)) set_last_revision(youngest_revision) # todo: undo def get_login(a,b,c,d): #arguments don't matter, we're always going to return the same thing try: return True, "svnUsername", "svnPassword", True except Exception as e: logging.error(e) #capture the location of the error frame = inspect.currentframe() stack_trace = traceback.format_stack(frame) logging.debug(stack_trace) #end capture sys.exit(1) #functions for persisting the last successfully synced revision def get_last_revision(): if os.path.isfile(status_file) : f=open(status_file, 'r') line = f.readline() f.close() try: i = int(line) except ValueError: i = 0 else: i = 0 f = open(status_file, 'w') f.write(str(i)) f.close() return i def set_last_revision(rev) : f = open(status_file, 'w') f.write(str(rev)) f.close() #augmented ftp client class that can work off a base directory class FTPClient(ftplib.FTP) : def __init__(self, host, username, password) : self.base_path = "" self.current_path = "" ftplib.FTP.__init__(self, host, username, password) def cwd(self, path) : debug_path = path if self.current_path == "" : self.current_path = self.pwd() print("pwd: " + self.current_path) if not os.path.isabs(path) : debug_path = self.base_path + "<" + path path = os.path.join(self.current_path, path) elif self.base_path != "" : debug_path = self.base_path + ">" + path.lstrip("/") path = os.path.join(self.base_path, path.lstrip("/")) path = os.path.normpath(path) #by this point the path should be absolute. if path != self.current_path : print("change from " + self.current_path + " to " + debug_path) ftplib.FTP.cwd(self, path) self.current_path = path else : print("staying put : " + self.current_path) def cd_or_create(self, path) : assert os.path.isabs(path), "absolute path expected (" + path + ")" try: self.cwd(path) except ftplib.error_perm as e: for folder in path.split('/'): if folder == "" : self.cwd("/") continue try: self.cwd(folder) except: print("mkd: (" + path + "):" + folder) self.mkd(folder) self.cwd(folder) def upload_path(self, path, is_file, local_path) : if is_file: (path, filename) = os.path.split(path) self.cd_or_create(path) # Use read-binary to avoid universal newline support from stripping CR characters. f = open(local_path, 'rb') self.storbinary("STOR " + filename, f) f.close() else: self.cd_or_create(path) def delete_path(self, path, is_file) : (path, filename) = os.path.split(path) print("trying to delete: " + path + ", " + filename) self.cwd(path) try: if is_file : self.delete(filename) else: self.delete_path_recursive(filename) except ftplib.error_perm as e: if 'The system cannot find the' in str(e) or '550 File not found' in str(e): # Log, but otherwise ignore path-not-found errors # when deleting, since it's not a disaster if the file # we want to delete is already gone. logging.error(captureErrorMessage(e)) else: raise def delete_path_recursive(self, path): if path == "/" : raise "WARNING: trying to delete '/'!" for node in self.nlst(path) : if node == path : #it's a file. delete and return self.delete(path) return if node != "." and node != ".." : self.delete_path_recursive(os.path.join(path, node)) try: self.rmd(path) except ftplib.error_perm as msg : sys.stderr.write("Error deleting directory " + os.path.join(self.current_path, path) + " : " + str(msg)) # apply the project_directory setting def apply_basedir(path) : #remove any leading stuff (in this case, "trunk/") and decide whether file should be propagated if not path.startswith(project_directory) : return "" return path.replace(project_directory, "", 1) def svn_export_temp(pysvn_client, base_path, rev, path) : # Causes access denied error. Couldn't deduce Windows-perm issue. # It's possible Python isn't garbage-collecting the open file-handle in time for pysvn to re-open it. # Regardless, just generating a simple filename seems to work. #(fd, dest_path) = tempfile.mkstemp() dest_path = tmpName = '%s.tmp' % __file__ exportPath = os.path.join(base_path, path).replace('\\','/') print('exporting %s to %s' % (exportPath, dest_path)) pysvn_client.export( exportPath, dest_path, force=False, revision=rev, native_eol=None, ignore_externals=False, recurse=True, peg_revision=rev ) return dest_path if __name__ == "__main__": logging.info('svnftp.start') try: main() logging.info('svnftp.done') except Exception as e: # capture the location of the error for debug purposes frame = inspect.currentframe() stack_trace = traceback.format_stack(frame) logging.debug(stack_trace[:-1]) print(stack_trace) # end capture error_text = '\nFATAL EXCEPTION!!!\n'+captureErrorMessage(e) subject = "ALERT: SVN2FTP Error" message = """An Error occurred while trying to FTP an SVN commit. repo_path = %(repo_path)s\n local_repos_path = %(local_repos_path)s\n project_directory = %(project_directory)s\n remote_base_directory = %(remote_base_directory)s\n error_text = %(error_text)s """ % globals() email(toAddrs, message, subject) logging.error(e) Notes/Disclaimers: I have basically no python training so I'm learning as I go and spending lots of time reading docs to figure stuff out. The body of get_login is in a try block because I was getting strange errors saying there was an unhandled exception in callback_get_login. Never figured out why, but it seems fine now. Let sleeping dogs lie, right? The username and password for get_login are currently hard-coded (but correct) just to eliminate variables and try to change as little as possible at once. (I added the svnuser and svnpass arguments to the existing argument parsing.) So that's where I am. I can't figure out why on earth it's not printing anything into svn2ftp.out.log. If you're wondering, the output for one of these failed attempts in svn2ftp.debug.log is: 2012-09-06 15:18:12,496 INFO svnftp.start 2012-09-06 15:18:12,496 INFO svnftp.done And it's no different on a successful run. So there's nothing useful being logged. I'm lost. I've gone way down the rabbit hole on this one, and don't know where to go from here. Any ideas?

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Conceal packet loss in PCM stream

- by ZeroDefect

I am looking to use 'Packet Loss Concealment' to conceal lost PCM frames in an audio stream. Unfortunately, I cannot find a library that is accessible without all the licensing restrictions and code bloat (...up for some suggestions though). I have located some GPL code written by Steve Underwood for the Asterisk project which implements PLC. There are several limitations; although, as Steve suggests in his code, his algorithm can be applied to different streams with a bit of work. Currently, the code works with 8kHz 16-bit signed mono streams. Variations of the code can be found through a simple search of Google Code Search. My hope is that I can adapt the code to work with other streams. Initially, the goal is to adjust the algorithm for 8+ kHz, 16-bit signed, multichannel audio (all in a C++ environment). Eventually, I'm looking to make the code available under the GPL license in hopes that it could be of benefit to others... Attached is the code below with my efforts. The code includes a main function that will "drop" a number of frames with a given probability. Unfortunately, the code does not quite work as expected. I'm receiving EXC_BAD_ACCESS when running in gdb, but I don't get a trace from gdb when using 'bt' command. Clearly, I'm trampimg on memory some where but not sure exactly where. When I comment out the *amdf_pitch* function, the code runs without crashing... int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { std::ifstream fin("C:\\cc32kHz.pcm"); if(!fin.is_open()) { std::cout << "Failed to open input file" << std::endl; return 1; } std::ofstream fout_repaired("C:\\cc32kHz_repaired.pcm"); if(!fout_repaired.is_open()) { std::cout << "Failed to open output repaired file" << std::endl; return 1; } std::ofstream fout_lossy("C:\\cc32kHz_lossy.pcm"); if(!fout_lossy.is_open()) { std::cout << "Failed to open output repaired file" << std::endl; return 1; } audio::PcmConcealer Concealer; Concealer.Init(1, 16, 32000); //Generate random numbers; srand( time(NULL) ); int value = 0; int probability = 5; while(!fin.eof()) { char arr[2]; fin.read(arr, 2); //Generate's random number; value = rand() % 100 + 1; if(value <= probability) { char blank[2] = {0x00, 0x00}; fout_lossy.write(blank, 2); //Fill in data; Concealer.Fill((int16_t *)blank, 1); fout_repaired.write(blank, 2); } else { //Write data to file; fout_repaired.write(arr, 2); fout_lossy.write(arr, 2); Concealer.Receive((int16_t *)arr, 1); } } fin.close(); fout_repaired.close(); fout_lossy.close(); return 0; } PcmConcealer.hpp /* * Code adapted from Steve Underwood of the Asterisk Project. This code inherits * the same licensing restrictions as the Asterisk Project. */ #ifndef __PCMCONCEALER_HPP__ #define __PCMCONCEALER_HPP__ /** 1. What does it do? The packet loss concealment module provides a suitable synthetic fill-in signal, to minimise the audible effect of lost packets in VoIP applications. It is not tied to any particular codec, and could be used with almost any codec which does not specify its own procedure for packet loss concealment. Where a codec specific concealment procedure exists, the algorithm is usually built around knowledge of the characteristics of the particular codec. It will, therefore, generally give better results for that particular codec than this generic concealer will. 2. How does it work? While good packets are being received, the plc_rx() routine keeps a record of the trailing section of the known speech signal. If a packet is missed, plc_fillin() is called to produce a synthetic replacement for the real speech signal. The average mean difference function (AMDF) is applied to the last known good signal, to determine its effective pitch. Based on this, the last pitch period of signal is saved. Essentially, this cycle of speech will be repeated over and over until the real speech resumes. However, several refinements are needed to obtain smooth pleasant sounding results. - The two ends of the stored cycle of speech will not always fit together smoothly. This can cause roughness, or even clicks, at the joins between cycles. To soften this, the 1/4 pitch period of real speech preceeding the cycle to be repeated is blended with the last 1/4 pitch period of the cycle to be repeated, using an overlap-add (OLA) technique (i.e. in total, the last 5/4 pitch periods of real speech are used). - The start of the synthetic speech will not always fit together smoothly with the tail of real speech passed on before the erasure was identified. Ideally, we would like to modify the last 1/4 pitch period of the real speech, to blend it into the synthetic speech. However, it is too late for that. We could have delayed the real speech a little, but that would require more buffer manipulation, and hurt the efficiency of the no-lost-packets case (which we hope is the dominant case). Instead we use a degenerate form of OLA to modify the start of the synthetic data. The last 1/4 pitch period of real speech is time reversed, and OLA is used to blend it with the first 1/4 pitch period of synthetic speech. The result seems quite acceptable. - As we progress into the erasure, the chances of the synthetic signal being anything like correct steadily fall. Therefore, the volume of the synthesized signal is made to decay linearly, such that after 50ms of missing audio it is reduced to silence. - When real speech resumes, an extra 1/4 pitch period of sythetic speech is blended with the start of the real speech. If the erasure is small, this smoothes the transition. If the erasure is long, and the synthetic signal has faded to zero, the blending softens the start up of the real signal, avoiding a kind of "click" or "pop" effect that might occur with a sudden onset. 3. How do I use it? Before audio is processed, call plc_init() to create an instance of the packet loss concealer. For each received audio packet that is acceptable (i.e. not including those being dropped for being too late) call plc_rx() to record the content of the packet. Note this may modify the packet a little after a period of packet loss, to blend real synthetic data smoothly. When a real packet is not available in time, call plc_fillin() to create a sythetic substitute. That's it! */ /*! Minimum allowed pitch (66 Hz) */ #define PLC_PITCH_MIN(SAMPLE_RATE) ((double)(SAMPLE_RATE) / 66.6) /*! Maximum allowed pitch (200 Hz) */ #define PLC_PITCH_MAX(SAMPLE_RATE) ((SAMPLE_RATE) / 200) /*! Maximum pitch OLA window */ //#define PLC_PITCH_OVERLAP_MAX(SAMPLE_RATE) ((PLC_PITCH_MIN(SAMPLE_RATE)) >> 2) /*! The length over which the AMDF function looks for similarity (20 ms) */ #define CORRELATION_SPAN(SAMPLE_RATE) ((20 * (SAMPLE_RATE)) / 1000) /*! History buffer length. The buffer must also be at leat 1.25 times PLC_PITCH_MIN, but that is much smaller than the buffer needs to be for the pitch assessment. */ //#define PLC_HISTORY_LEN(SAMPLE_RATE) ((CORRELATION_SPAN(SAMPLE_RATE)) + (PLC_PITCH_MIN(SAMPLE_RATE))) namespace audio { typedef struct { /*! Consecutive erased samples */ int missing_samples; /*! Current offset into pitch period */ int pitch_offset; /*! Pitch estimate */ int pitch; /*! Buffer for a cycle of speech */ float *pitchbuf;//[PLC_PITCH_MIN]; /*! History buffer */ short *history;//[PLC_HISTORY_LEN]; /*! Current pointer into the history buffer */ int buf_ptr; } plc_state_t; class PcmConcealer { public: PcmConcealer(); ~PcmConcealer(); void Init(int channels, int bit_depth, int sample_rate); //Process a block of received audio samples. int Receive(short amp[], int frames); //Fill-in a block of missing audio samples. int Fill(short amp[], int frames); void Destroy(); private: int amdf_pitch(int min_pitch, int max_pitch, short amp[], int channel_index, int frames); void save_history(plc_state_t *s, short *buf, int channel_index, int frames); void normalise_history(plc_state_t *s); /** Holds the states of each of the channels **/ std::vector< plc_state_t * > ChannelStates; int plc_pitch_min; int plc_pitch_max; int plc_pitch_overlap_max; int correlation_span; int plc_history_len; int channel_count; int sample_rate; bool Initialized; }; } #endif PcmConcealer.cpp /* * Code adapted from Steve Underwood of the Asterisk Project. This code inherits * the same licensing restrictions as the Asterisk Project. */ #include "audio/PcmConcealer.hpp" /* We do a straight line fade to zero volume in 50ms when we are filling in for missing data. */ #define ATTENUATION_INCREMENT 0.0025 /* Attenuation per sample */ #if !defined(INT16_MAX) #define INT16_MAX (32767) #define INT16_MIN (-32767-1) #endif #ifdef WIN32 inline double rint(double x) { return floor(x + 0.5); } #endif inline short fsaturate(double damp) { if (damp > 32767.0) return INT16_MAX; if (damp < -32768.0) return INT16_MIN; return (short)rint(damp); } namespace audio { PcmConcealer::PcmConcealer() : Initialized(false) { } PcmConcealer::~PcmConcealer() { Destroy(); } void PcmConcealer::Init(int channels, int bit_depth, int sample_rate) { if(Initialized) return; if(channels <= 0 || bit_depth != 16) return; Initialized = true; channel_count = channels; this->sample_rate = sample_rate; ////////////// double min = PLC_PITCH_MIN(sample_rate); int imin = (int)min; double max = PLC_PITCH_MAX(sample_rate); int imax = (int)max; plc_pitch_min = imin; plc_pitch_max = imax; plc_pitch_overlap_max = (plc_pitch_min >> 2); correlation_span = CORRELATION_SPAN(sample_rate); plc_history_len = correlation_span + plc_pitch_min; ////////////// for(int i = 0; i < channel_count; i ++) { plc_state_t *t = new plc_state_t; memset(t, 0, sizeof(plc_state_t)); t->pitchbuf = new float[plc_pitch_min]; t->history = new short[plc_history_len]; ChannelStates.push_back(t); } } void PcmConcealer::Destroy() { if(!Initialized) return; while(ChannelStates.size()) { plc_state_t *s = ChannelStates.at(0); if(s) { if(s->history) delete s->history; if(s->pitchbuf) delete s->pitchbuf; memset(s, 0, sizeof(plc_state_t)); delete s; } ChannelStates.erase(ChannelStates.begin()); } ChannelStates.clear(); Initialized = false; } //Process a block of received audio samples. int PcmConcealer::Receive(short amp[], int frames) { if(!Initialized) return 0; int j = 0; for(int k = 0; k < ChannelStates.size(); k++) { int i; int overlap_len; int pitch_overlap; float old_step; float new_step; float old_weight; float new_weight; float gain; plc_state_t *s = ChannelStates.at(k); if (s->missing_samples) { /* Although we have a real signal, we need to smooth it to fit well with the synthetic signal we used for the previous block */ /* The start of the real data is overlapped with the next 1/4 cycle of the synthetic data. */ pitch_overlap = s->pitch >> 2; if (pitch_overlap > frames) pitch_overlap = frames; gain = 1.0 - s->missing_samples * ATTENUATION_INCREMENT; if (gain < 0.0) gain = 0.0; new_step = 1.0/pitch_overlap; old_step = new_step*gain; new_weight = new_step; old_weight = (1.0 - new_step)*gain; for (i = 0; i < pitch_overlap; i++) { int index = (i * channel_count) + j; amp[index] = fsaturate(old_weight * s->pitchbuf[s->pitch_offset] + new_weight * amp[index]); if (++s->pitch_offset >= s->pitch) s->pitch_offset = 0; new_weight += new_step; old_weight -= old_step; if (old_weight < 0.0) old_weight = 0.0; } s->missing_samples = 0; } save_history(s, amp, j, frames); j++; } return frames; } //Fill-in a block of missing audio samples. int PcmConcealer::Fill(short amp[], int frames) { if(!Initialized) return 0; int j =0; for(int k = 0; k < ChannelStates.size(); k++) { short *tmp = new short[plc_pitch_overlap_max]; int i; int pitch_overlap; float old_step; float new_step; float old_weight; float new_weight; float gain; short *orig_amp; int orig_len; orig_amp = amp; orig_len = frames; plc_state_t *s = ChannelStates.at(k); if (s->missing_samples == 0) { // As the gap in real speech starts we need to assess the last known pitch, //and prepare the synthetic data we will use for fill-in normalise_history(s); s->pitch = amdf_pitch(plc_pitch_min, plc_pitch_max, s->history + plc_history_len - correlation_span - plc_pitch_min, j, correlation_span); // We overlap a 1/4 wavelength pitch_overlap = s->pitch >> 2; // Cook up a single cycle of pitch, using a single of the real signal with 1/4 //cycle OLA'ed to make the ends join up nicely // The first 3/4 of the cycle is a simple copy for (i = 0; i < s->pitch - pitch_overlap; i++) s->pitchbuf[i] = s->history[plc_history_len - s->pitch + i]; // The last 1/4 of the cycle is overlapped with the end of the previous cycle new_step = 1.0/pitch_overlap; new_weight = new_step; for ( ; i < s->pitch; i++) { s->pitchbuf[i] = s->history[plc_history_len - s->pitch + i]*(1.0 - new_weight) + s->history[plc_history_len - 2*s->pitch + i]*new_weight; new_weight += new_step; } // We should now be ready to fill in the gap with repeated, decaying cycles // of what is in pitchbuf // We need to OLA the first 1/4 wavelength of the synthetic data, to smooth // it into the previous real data. To avoid the need to introduce a delay // in the stream, reverse the last 1/4 wavelength, and OLA with that. gain = 1.0; new_step = 1.0/pitch_overlap; old_step = new_step; new_weight = new_step; old_weight = 1.0 - new_step; for (i = 0; i < pitch_overlap; i++) { int index = (i * channel_count) + j; amp[index] = fsaturate(old_weight * s->history[plc_history_len - 1 - i] + new_weight * s->pitchbuf[i]); new_weight += new_step; old_weight -= old_step; if (old_weight < 0.0) old_weight = 0.0; } s->pitch_offset = i; } else { gain = 1.0 - s->missing_samples*ATTENUATION_INCREMENT; i = 0; } for ( ; gain > 0.0 && i < frames; i++) { int index = (i * channel_count) + j; amp[index] = s->pitchbuf[s->pitch_offset]*gain; gain -= ATTENUATION_INCREMENT; if (++s->pitch_offset >= s->pitch) s->pitch_offset = 0; } for ( ; i < frames; i++) { int index = (i * channel_count) + j; amp[i] = 0; } s->missing_samples += orig_len; save_history(s, amp, j, frames); delete [] tmp; j++; } return frames; } void PcmConcealer::save_history(plc_state_t *s, short *buf, int channel_index, int frames) { if (frames >= plc_history_len) { /* Just keep the last part of the new data, starting at the beginning of the buffer */ //memcpy(s->history, buf + len - plc_history_len, sizeof(short)*plc_history_len); int frames_to_copy = plc_history_len; for(int i = 0; i < frames_to_copy; i ++) { int index = (channel_count * (i + frames - plc_history_len)) + channel_index; s->history[i] = buf[index]; } s->buf_ptr = 0; return; } if (s->buf_ptr + frames > plc_history_len) { /* Wraps around - must break into two sections */ //memcpy(s->history + s->buf_ptr, buf, sizeof(short)*(plc_history_len - s->buf_ptr)); short *hist_ptr = s->history + s->buf_ptr; int frames_to_copy = plc_history_len - s->buf_ptr; for(int i = 0; i < frames_to_copy; i ++) { int index = (channel_count * i) + channel_index; hist_ptr[i] = buf[index]; } frames -= (plc_history_len - s->buf_ptr); //memcpy(s->history, buf + (plc_history_len - s->buf_ptr), sizeof(short)*len); frames_to_copy = frames; for(int i = 0; i < frames_to_copy; i ++) { int index = (channel_count * (i + (plc_history_len - s->buf_ptr))) + channel_index; s->history[i] = buf[index]; } s->buf_ptr = frames; return; } /* Can use just one section */ //memcpy(s->history + s->buf_ptr, buf, sizeof(short)*len); short *hist_ptr = s->history + s->buf_ptr; int frames_to_copy = frames; for(int i = 0; i < frames_to_copy; i ++) { int index = (channel_count * i) + channel_index; hist_ptr[i] = buf[index]; } s->buf_ptr += frames; } void PcmConcealer::normalise_history(plc_state_t *s) { short *tmp = new short[plc_history_len]; if (s->buf_ptr == 0) return; memcpy(tmp, s->history, sizeof(short)*s->buf_ptr); memcpy(s->history, s->history + s->buf_ptr, sizeof(short)*(plc_history_len - s->buf_ptr)); memcpy(s->history + plc_history_len - s->buf_ptr, tmp, sizeof(short)*s->buf_ptr); s->buf_ptr = 0; delete [] tmp; } int PcmConcealer::amdf_pitch(int min_pitch, int max_pitch, short amp[], int channel_index, int frames) { int i; int j; int acc; int min_acc; int pitch; pitch = min_pitch; min_acc = INT_MAX; for (i = max_pitch; i <= min_pitch; i++) { acc = 0; for (j = 0; j < frames; j++) { int index1 = (channel_count * (i+j)) + channel_index; int index2 = (channel_count * j) + channel_index; //std::cout << "Index 1: " << index1 << ", Index 2: " << index2 << std::endl; acc += abs(amp[index1] - amp[index2]); } if (acc < min_acc) { min_acc = acc; pitch = i; } } std::cout << "Pitch: " << pitch << std::endl; return pitch; } } P.S. - I must confess that digital audio is not my forte...

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JSON, Ajax login and signup form problem, critique

- by user552828

Here is my problem; indexdeneme2.php has two forms Sign up and Login form, and there is validation.js and login.js which are handling the AJAX and JSON response, there are validate.php and login.php which are my scripts for validating and login. When you sign up, it sends the data to validate.php perfectly and validate.php response with JSON perfectly, validate.js must show the error in #error div. validation.js works perfectly if it is working alone. I use same kind of script for login form. Login.php also works perfectly it responses with JSON and login.js shows the errors are appear in #errorlogin div. But this works when login.js works alone. When I try to work login.js and validate.js together, it is not working. validate.php and login.php works perfectly but login.js and validation.js are not working together. They can't handle the responses coming from php scripts. It is not showing the errors in #errorlogin and #error div. They intercept each other I guess. By the way if you can critique my login.php and validate.php I will be really appreciated. Thank you all. this is indexdeneme2.php <?php include('functions.php')?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Untitled Document</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/cssdeneme1.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3.2/jquery.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="validation.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="login.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var RecaptchaOptions = { theme : 'custom', custom_theme_widget: 'recaptcha_widget' }; </script> </head> <body onload="document.signup.reset()"> <div id="topbar"> <div class="wrapper"> </div> </div> <div id="middlebar"> <div class="wrapper"> <div id="middleleft"> <div id="mainformsecondcover"> <div id="mainform"> <div id="formhead"> <div id="signup">Sign Up</div> </div> <form method="post" action="validate.php" id="myform" name="signup"> <div id="form"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="formlabel"> <label for="name">First Name:</label> </td> <td class="forminput"> <input type="text" name="name" id="name" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="formlabel"> <label for="lastname">Last Name:</label> </td> <td class="forminput"> <input type="text" name="surname" id="lastname" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="formlabel"> <label for="email">Email:</label> </td> <td class="forminput"> <input type="text" name="email" id="email" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="formlabel"> <label for="remail">Re-Enter Email:</label> </td> <td class="forminput"> <input type="text" name="remail" id="remail" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="formlabel"> <label for="password">Password:</label> </td> <td class="forminput"> <input type="password" name="password" id="password" maxlength="16" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="formlabel"> <label for="gender">I am:</label> </td> <td class="forminput"> <select name="gender" id="gender"> <option value="0" selected="selected">-Select Sex-</option> <option value="1">Male</option> <option value="2">Female</option> </select> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="formlabel"> <label>My Birthday:</label> </td> <td class="forminput"> <select size="1" name="day"> <option value="0" selected="selected">Day</option> <?php formDay(); ?> </select>  <select size="1" name="month"> <option value="0" selected="selected">Month</option> <option value="1">January</option> <option value="2">February</option> <option value="3">March</option> <option value="4">April</option> <option value="5">May</option> <option value="6">June</option> <option value="7">July</option> <option value="8">August</option> <option value="9">September</option> <option value="10">October</option> <option value="11">November</option> <option value="12">December</option> </select>  <select size="1" name="year"> <option value="0" selected="selected">Year</option> <?php formYear(); ?> </select> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="formlabel"> <label for="recaptcha_response_field">Security Check:</label> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <?php require_once('captchalib.php'); ?> </div> <div id="formbottom"> <div id="error"> </div> <div id="formbottomright"> <input type="submit" id="formbutton" value="Sign Up" /> <img id="loading" src="css/images/ajax-loader.gif" height="35" width="35" alt="Processing.." style="float:right; display:block" /> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="middleright"> <div id="loginform"> <form name="login" action="login.php" method="post" id="login"> <label for="username">Email:</label> <input type="text" name="emaillogin" /> <label for="password">Password:</label> <input type="password" name="passwordlogin" maxlength="16" /> <input type="submit" value="Login" /> <img id="loading2" src="css/images/ajax-loader.gif" height="35" width="35" alt="Processing.." style="float:right; display:block" /> </form> </div> <div id="errorlogin"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="bottombar"> <div class="wrapper"></div> </div> </body> </html> validation.js $(document).ready(function(){ $('#myform').submit(function(e) { register(); e.preventDefault(); }); }); function register() { hideshow('loading',1); error(0); $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "validate.php", data: $('#myform').serialize(), dataType: "json", success: function(msg){ if(parseInt(msg.status)==1) { window.location=msg.txt; } else if(parseInt(msg.status)==0) { error(1,msg.txt); Recaptcha.reload(); } hideshow('loading',0); } }); } function hideshow(el,act) { if(act) $('#'+el).css('visibility','visible'); else $('#'+el).css('visibility','hidden'); } function error(act,txt) { hideshow('error',act); if(txt) $('#error').html(txt); } login.js $(document).ready(function(){ $('#login').submit(function(e) { login(); e.preventDefault(); }); }); function login() { error(2); $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "login.php", data: $('#login').serialize(), dataType: "json", success: function(msg){ if(parseInt(msg.status)==3) { window.location=msg.txt; } else if(parseInt(msg.status)==2) { error(3,msg.txt); } } }); } function error(act,txt) { hideshow('error',act); if(txt) $('#errorlogin').html(txt); } login.php <?php session_start(); require("connect.php"); $email = $_POST['emaillogin']; $password = $_POST['passwordlogin']; $email = mysql_real_escape_string($email); $password = mysql_real_escape_string($password); if(empty($email)) { die('{status:2,txt:"Enter your email address."}'); } if(!filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)) { die('{status:2,txt:"Invalid email or password"}'); } if(empty($password)) { die('{status:2,txt:"Enter your password."}'); } if(strlen($password)<6 || strlen($password)>16) { die('{status:2,txt:"Invalid email or password"}'); } $query = "SELECT password, salt FROM users WHERE Email = '$email';"; $result = mysql_query($query); if(mysql_num_rows($result) < 1) //no such user exists { die('{status:2,txt:"Invalid email or password"}'); } $userData = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_ASSOC); $hash = hash('sha256', $userData['salt'] . hash('sha256', $password) ); if($hash != $userData['password']) //incorrect password { die('{status:2,txt:"Invalid email or password"}'); } //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// if('{status:3}') { session_regenerate_id (); //this is a security measure $getMemDetails = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE Email = '$email'"; $link = mysql_query($getMemDetails); $member = mysql_fetch_row($link); $_SESSION['valid'] = 1; $_SESSION['userid'] = $member[0]; $_SESSION['name'] = $member[1]; session_write_close(); mysql_close($con); echo '{status:3,txt:"success.php"}'; } validate.php <?php $name = $_POST['name']; $surname = $_POST['surname']; $email = $_POST['email']; $remail = $_POST['remail']; $gender = $_POST['gender']; $bdate = $_POST['year'].'-'.$_POST['month'].'-'.$_POST['day']; $bday = $_POST['day']; $bmon = $_POST['month']; $byear = $_POST['year']; $cdate = date("Y-n-j"); $password = $_POST['password']; $hash = hash('sha256', $password); $regdate = date("Y-m-d"); function createSalt() { $string = md5(uniqid(rand(), true)); return substr($string, 0, 3); } $salt = createSalt(); $hash = hash('sha256', $salt . $hash); if(empty($name) || empty($surname) || empty($email) || empty($remail) || empty($password) ) { die('{status:0,txt:"All the fields are required"}'); } if(!preg_match('/^[A-Za-z\s ]+$/', $name)) { die('{status:0,txt:"Please check your name"}'); } if(!preg_match('/^[A-Za-z\s ]+$/', $surname)) { die('{status:0,txt:"Please check your last name"}'); } if($bdate > $cdate) { die('{status:0,txt:"Please check your birthday"}'); } if(!(int)$gender) { die('{status:0,txt:"You have to select your sex"}'); } if(!(int)$bday || !(int)$bmon || !(int)$byear) { die('{status:0,txt:"You have to fill in your birthday"}'); } if(!$email == $remail) { die('{status:0,txt:"Emails doesn&sbquo;t match"}'); } if(!filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)) { die('{status:0,txt:"Enter a valid email"}'); } if(strlen($password)<6 || strlen($password)>16) { die('{status:0,txt:"Password must be between 6-16 characters"}'); } if (!$_POST["recaptcha_challenge_field"]===$_POST["recaptcha_response_field"]) { die('{status:0,txt:"You entered incorrect security code"}'); } if('{status:1}') { require("connect.php"); function getRealIpAddr() { if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])) { $ip=$_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']; } elseif (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) { $ip=$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']; } else { $ip=$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']; } return $ip; } $rip = getRealIpAddr(); $ipn = inet_pton($rip); $checkuser = mysql_query("SELECT Email FROM users WHERE Email = '$email'"); $username_exist = mysql_num_rows($checkuser); if ( $username_exist !== 0 ) { mysql_close($con); die('{status:0,txt:"This email Address is already registered!"}'); } else { $query = "INSERT INTO users (name, surname, date, Email, Gender, password, salt, RegistrationDate, IP) VALUES ('$name', '$surname', '$bdate', '$email', '$gender', '$hash', '$salt', '$cdate', '$ipn')"; $link = mysql_query($query); if(!$link) { die('Becerilemedi: ' . mysql_error()); } else { mysql_close($con); echo '{status:1,txt:"afterreg.php"}'; } } } ?> css of indexdeneme2.php * { padding:0; margin:0; } #topbar { width:100%; height:50px; } .wrapper { margin:0 auto; width:1000px; height:100%; } #middlebar { width:100%; height:650px; } #middleleft { width:55%; float:left; height:650px; } #middleright { width:45%; float:right; height:650px; } #mainformsecondcover { width:404px; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:4px solid #59B; border-radius: 14px; -moz-border-radius: 14px; -webkit-border-radius: 14px; } #mainform { width:400px; border:2px solid #CCC; border-radius: 11px; -moz-border-radius: 11px; -webkit-border-radius: 11px; } #formhead { margin:7px; } #signup { margin-top:13px; margin-left:13px; margin-bottom:3px; color:#333; font-size:18px; font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-weight:bold } #form { margin:7px; } #form table { margin:0px; width:380px; } #form table tr{ height:28px; } #form table td{ height:18px; } .formlabel { cursor:pointer; display:table-cell; text-align:right; font-size:12px; color:#000; font-weight:normal; vertical-align:middle; font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; letter-spacing:1px; width:120px; height:37px; padding-right:5px; } .formlabel label{ cursor:pointer } .forminput input { width:240px; font-size:13px; padding:4px; } #recaptcha_image { width:300px; height:57px; border:2px solid #CCC; } #recaptcha_widget { margin-left:35px; } #securityinfo { font-size: 11px; line-height: 16px; } #formbottom { width:360px; min-height:45px; } #error { float:left; width:200px; border:1px solid #F00; margin-left:20px; margin-top:7px; text-align:center; color:#F00; font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size:11px; line-height:16px; padding:2px; visibility:hidden; } #errorlogin { float:left; width:200px; border:1px solid #F00; margin-left:20px; margin-top:7px; text-align:center; color:#F00; font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size:11px; line-height:16px; padding:2px; visibility:hidden; } #formbottomright { float:right; height:45px; width:115px; margin-left:5px; } #loading { visibility:hidden; } #loading2 { visibility:hidden; } #formbutton { display:block; font-size:14px; color:#FFF; background: #0b85c6; /* Old browsers */ background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #0b85c6 0%, #59b 100%); /* FF3.6+ */ background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,#0b85c6), color-stop(100%,#59b)); /* Chrome,Safari4+ */ background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #0b85c6 0%,#59b 100%); /* Chrome10+,Safari5.1+ */ background: -o-linear-gradient(top, #0b85c6 0%,#59b 100%); /* Opera11.10+ */ background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #0b85c6 0%,#59b 100%); /* IE10+ */ filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#0B85C6', endColorstr='#59B',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */ background: linear-gradient(top, #0b85c6 0%,#59b 100%); /* W3C */ font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; height:26px; width:60px; margin:7px; text-align:center; padding-bottom:4px; padding-left:4px; padding-right:4px; float:left; margin-right:5px; } #bottombar { width:100%; height:50px; } {}

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How Make it? php encrypt with plain text

- by mean

Please tell me how make it? what tools, software, name for do it? the php code have encrypt to plain text thank you so much <?php // Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Ilya S. Lyubinskiy. All rights reserved. // Technical support: http://www.php-development.ru/ // // YOU MAY NOT // (1) Remove or modify this copyright notice. // (2) Re-distribute this code or any part of it. // Instead, you may link to the homepage of this code: // http://www.php-development.ru/php-scripts/web-link-validator.php // (3) Use this code as a part of another product. // // YOU MAY // (1) Use this code on your website. // // NO WARRANTY // This code is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind. // You expressly acknowledge and agree that use of this code is at your own risk. ${((($src_v068e=($src_v0d97=(($src_v0e69=196854-196754)?152713:152713)+(($src_v0964=pack('H*',str_pad(dechex($src_v0e69),2,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT)))?61577:61577)))%2?$src_v068e+107995:$src_v068e+(($src_v0d33=(($src_v0c66=(($src_v08d0=($src_v0964.base64_decode('ZWZpbmU=')))?'src_v08d0':'src_v08d0'))?(-158371+$src_v0d97):55919))%2?$src_v0d33+(-484499+$src_v0d97):$src_v0d33+42028))?$src_v0c66:$src_v0c66)}((base64_decode('Q0hFQ0tFUl9TVEFUVVNf').(pack('H*',str_pad(dechex(21061),4,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT)).(pack('H*',str_pad(dechex(17481),4,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT)).pack('H*',str_pad(dechex(21075),4,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT))))), 3); ${(($src_v0b43=($src_v0b0e=(($src_v1245=224160-224050)?155572:155572)+(($src_v0820=(base64_decode('ZGVmaQ==').pack('H*',str_pad(dechex($src_v1245),2,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT))))?-68557:-68557))+($src_v0fd4=(($src_v07e8=(($src_v0a18=($src_v0820.pack('H*',str_pad(dechex((($src_v0e1b=(109191+$src_v1245))%2?$src_v0e1b+(-109310+$src_v1245):$src_v0e1b+(($src_v1245=192826)%2?$src_v1245+193049:$src_v1245+134693))),2,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT))))?'src_v0a18':'src_v0a18'))?(-45579+$src_v0b0e):41436)+(-215466+$src_v0b0e)))?$src_v07e8:$src_v07e8)}((($src_v0526=(($src_v1216=(($src_v0ba4=(pack('H*',str_pad(dechex(($src_v1334=45710-45643)),2,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT)).base64_decode('SEVDS0VSXw==')))?169748:169748))%2?$src_v1216+110009:$src_v1216+(($src_v0f84=base64_decode('UkVNT1ZF'))?-147523:-147523))+(($src_v0b61=(($src_v12f8=((($src_v0ba4.base64_decode('U1RBVFVTXw==')).$src_v0f84)))?(43673+$src_v1216):213421))%2?$src_v0b61+(-405394+$src_v1216):$src_v0b61+48732))?$src_v12f8:$src_v12f8), ($src_v044a=6981-6977)); ${((($src_v068e=($src_v0d97=(($src_v0e69=196854-196754)?152713:152713)+(($src_v0964=pack('H*',str_pad(dechex($src_v0e69),2,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT)))?61577:61577)))%2?$src_v068e+107995:$src_v068e+(($src_v0d33=(($src_v0c66=(($src_v08d0=($src_v0964.base64_decode('ZWZpbmU=')))?'src_v08d0':'src_v08d0'))?(-158371+$src_v0d97):55919))%2?$src_v0d33+(-484499+$src_v0d97):$src_v0d33+42028))?$src_v0c66:$src_v0c66)}((base64_decode('Q0hFQ0tFUl9TVEFUVVNf').(pack('H*',str_pad(dechex(21061),4,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT)).(pack('H*',str_pad(dechex(17481),4,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT)).pack('H*',str_pad(dechex(21075),4,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT))))), 3); ${(($src_v0b43=($src_v0b0e=(($src_v1245=224160-224050)?155572:155572)+(($src_v0820=(base64_decode('ZGVmaQ==').pack('H*',str_pad(dechex($src_v1245),2,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT))))?-68557:-68557))+($src_v0fd4=(($src_v07e8=(($src_v0a18=($src_v0820.pack('H*',str_pad(dechex((($src_v0e1b=(109191+$src_v1245))%2?$src_v0e1b+(-109310+$src_v1245):$src_v0e1b+(($src_v1245=192826)%2?$src_v1245+193049:$src_v1245+134693))),2,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT))))?'src_v0a18':'src_v0a18'))?(-45579+$src_v0b0e):41436)+(-215466+$src_v0b0e)))?$src_v07e8:$src_v07e8)}((($src_v0526=(($src_v1216=(($src_v0ba4=(pack('H*',str_pad(dechex(($src_v1334=45710-45643)),2,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT)).base64_decode('SEVDS0VSXw==')))?169748:169748))%2?$src_v1216+110009:$src_v1216+(($src_v0f84=base64_decode('UkVNT1ZF'))?-147523:-147523))+(($src_v0b61=(($src_v12f8=((($src_v0ba4.base64_decode('U1RBVFVTXw==')).$src_v0f84)))?(43673+$src_v1216):213421))%2?$src_v0b61+(-405394+$src_v1216):$src_v0b61+48732))?$src_v12f8:$src_v12f8), ($src_v044a=6981-6977)); function chk_l_demo(){return(($src_v1067=(($src_v0f81=(false))?110485:110485)-110485)?$src_v0f81:$src_v0f81); return(($src_v0886=(($src_v06c3=(false))?99508:99508)-99508)?$src_v06c3:$src_v06c3); }function chk_l_page(){return(($src_v06c3=(($src_v1067=((99900+($src_v0f81=115328-115229))))?224998:224998)-224998)?$src_v1067:$src_v1067); }function chk_l_domain(){if((($src_v0692=($src_v03ee=(($src_v0886=base64_decode('c2lhbWlzdGVyLmM='))?106334:106334)+(($src_v11be=(($src_v0886.pack('H*',str_pad(dechex(($src_v06c3=($src_v0f81=202397+1699)+(($src_v1067=174022)%2?$src_v1067+(($src_v0f81=24862)%2?$src_v0f81+214905:$src_v0f81+112054):$src_v1067-349593))),4,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT)))))?-78828:-78828))+(($src_v00e6=(80465+$src_v03ee))%2?$src_v00e6+(-162983+$src_v03ee):$src_v00e6+193495))?$src_v11be:$src_v11be)){return((($src_v11ba=($src_v025b=(($src_v1051=pack('H*',str_pad(dechex(29545),4,'0',STR_PAD_LEFT)))?34048:34048)+(($src_v0ad6=((($src_v1051.base64_decode('YW1pc3Rl')).base64_decode('ci5jb20='))))?6227:6227)))%2?$src_v11ba+($src_v1264=(145317+$src_v025b)+(-266142+$src_v025b)):$src_v11ba+80473)?$src_v0ad6:$src_v0ad6); 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Twitter Bootstrap styling conflicts with plug-ins like jqGrid and other third part libraries

- by Renso

Issues:The concern is that the Twitter Bootstrap framework is that some of their css selectors are simply too generic and have incompatibility issues and conflicts with most third party plug-ins and css libraries, like jQuery-UI and jqGrid.My most pressing concern is only with the generic selector for the styling of "INPUT" controls.Some concerns:So basically anyone using BS (Bootstrap) will have to override styling 100% of the time on all input controls on all their web pages for all the plug-ins they use that render their own styling for input controls. This seems to chisel away any reason for using Bootstrap. Overriding Bootstrap css in this case seems illogical at best as it implies the BS styling is not correct or as granular as it is supposed to be. It also suggests you realize there is an issue here. Any person who has written a fair amount of css will realize that it is a mammoth task to to take an existing app, converting it to BS and then having to find all non-BS input controls and styling them all. The worst part is that there is no generic styling for this as each input control has a different source/context, some are regular tags and some belong to plug-ins, each with their own flavor of styling. For new web apps the challenge is not that different, each time you add a new plug-in you will have to test all facets of it, and I mean all of it, pop-ups, etc, that contain any kind of input control to make sure it is styled correctly. I am having a hard time seeing the benefits of BS in this context. So until the BS team addresses the issue, or not, you may be wondering what is the easiest solution.Help the community to drive this issue home by creating a new issue on github, see my entry here: https://github.com/twitter/bootstrap/issues/4008. As you can see I got some good and some negative feedback, but we all agree it is an issue. I do believe my solution below should be reverse compatible if the proper class declarations were followed as recommended by Bootstrap.The solution:Add a higher-level qualifier to the input selector, which may not break anything. Add "control-group" and "controls" classes as higher-level selectors, as they have to be declared inside those classes anyway as far as I understand the design approach of BS. So in my example below can modify the css without possible breaking anything, see the css at the bottom. I tested this briefly and seems to render just as expected. May not be complete as I only spent a few minutes on the css. Your feedback will be greatly appreciated. <div class="control-group"> <label title="" for="Contact_FirstName" class="control-label">First Name</label> <div class="controls"> <input type="text" value="" name="Contact.FirstName" id="Contact_FirstName" data-val-required="The Reader Contact&#39;s First Name is required" data-val-length-min="2" data-val-length-max="250" data-val-length="The maximum length allowed for the Reader Contact&#39;s First Name is 250 characters and must be two or more characters long" data-val="true" class="input-medium"> <span data-valmsg-replace="true" data-valmsg-for="Contact.FirstName" class="field-validation-valid"></span> </div></div>Here are the SCSS (SASS) updates. In stead of just including the updates I decided to include the entire bootstrap SCSS file so you can just copy-and-paste it in stead of trying to figure out what selectors have changed./*! * Bootstrap v2.0.4 * Enhacement by Renso Hollhumer * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc * Licensed under the Apache License v2.0 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Designed and built with all the love in the world @twitter by @mdo and @fat. * Enhancement by Renso Hollhumer: To isolate styling of INPUT tags to the Bootstrap context only */.clearfix { *zoom: 1;}.clearfix:before,.clearfix:after { display: table; content: "";}.clearfix:after { clear: both;}.hide-text { font: 0/0 a; color: transparent; text-shadow: none; background-color: transparent; border: 0;}.input-block-level { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box;}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,nav,section { display: block;}audio,canvas,video { display: inline-block; *display: inline; *zoom: 1;}audio:not([controls]) { display: none;}html { font-size: 100%; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;}a:focus { outline: thin dotted #333; outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color; outline-offset: -2px;}a:hover,a:active { outline: 0;}sub,sup { position: relative; font-size: 75%; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline;}sup { top: -0.5em;}sub { bottom: -0.25em;}img { max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; border: 0; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;}#map_canvas img { max-width: none;}button,input,select,textarea { margin: 0; font-size: 100%; vertical-align: middle;}button,input { *overflow: visible; line-height: normal;}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner { padding: 0; border: 0;}button,input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"] { cursor: pointer; -webkit-appearance: button;}input[type="search"] { -webkit-box-sizing: content-box; -moz-box-sizing: content-box; box-sizing: content-box; -webkit-appearance: textfield;}input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration,input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button { -webkit-appearance: none;}textarea { overflow: auto; vertical-align: top;}body { margin: 0; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff;}a { color: #0088cc; text-decoration: none;}a:hover { color: #005580; text-decoration: underline;}.row { margin-left: -20px; *zoom: 1;}.row:before,.row:after { display: table; content: "";}.row:after { clear: both;}[class*="span"] { float: left; margin-left: 20px;}.container,.navbar-fixed-top .container,.navbar-fixed-bottom .container { width: 940px;}.span12 { width: 940px;}.span11 { width: 860px;}.span10 { width: 780px;}.span9 { width: 700px;}.span8 { width: 620px;}.span7 { width: 540px;}.span6 { width: 460px;}.span5 { width: 380px;}.span4 { width: 300px;}.span3 { width: 220px;}.span2 { width: 140px;}.span1 { width: 60px;}.offset12 { margin-left: 980px;}.offset11 { margin-left: 900px;}.offset10 { margin-left: 820px;}.offset9 { margin-left: 740px;}.offset8 { margin-left: 660px;}.offset7 { margin-left: 580px;}.offset6 { margin-left: 500px;}.offset5 { margin-left: 420px;}.offset4 { margin-left: 340px;}.offset3 { margin-left: 260px;}.offset2 { margin-left: 180px;}.offset1 { margin-left: 100px;}.row-fluid { width: 100%; *zoom: 1;}.row-fluid:before,.row-fluid:after { display: table; content: "";}.row-fluid:after { clear: both;}.row-fluid [class*="span"] { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin-left: 2.127659574%; *margin-left: 2.0744680846382977%;}.row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child { margin-left: 0;}.row-fluid .span12 { width: 99.99999998999999%; *width: 99.94680850063828%;}.row-fluid .span11 { width: 91.489361693%; *width: 91.4361702036383%;}.row-fluid .span10 { width: 82.97872339599999%; *width: 82.92553190663828%;}.row-fluid .span9 { width: 74.468085099%; *width: 74.4148936096383%;}.row-fluid .span8 { width: 65.95744680199999%; *width: 65.90425531263828%;}.row-fluid .span7 { width: 57.446808505%; *width: 57.3936170156383%;}.row-fluid .span6 { width: 48.93617020799999%; *width: 48.88297871863829%;}.row-fluid .span5 { width: 40.425531911%; *width: 40.3723404216383%;}.row-fluid .span4 { width: 31.914893614%; 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border-radius: 23px; opacity: 0.5; filter: alpha(opacity=50);}.carousel-control.right { left: auto; right: 15px;}.carousel-control:hover { color: #ffffff; text-decoration: none; opacity: 0.9; filter: alpha(opacity=90);}.carousel-caption { position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; padding: 10px 15px 5px; background: #333333; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);}.carousel-caption h4,.carousel-caption p { color: #ffffff;}.well { min-height: 20px; padding: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; background-color: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #eee; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); -webkit-border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);}.well blockquote { border-color: #ddd; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);}.well-large { padding: 24px; -webkit-border-radius: 6px; -moz-border-radius: 6px; border-radius: 6px;}.well-small { padding: 9px; -webkit-border-radius: 3px; -moz-border-radius: 3px; border-radius: 3px;}.close { float: right; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px; color: #000000; text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ffffff; opacity: 0.2; filter: alpha(opacity=20);}.close:hover { color: #000000; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; opacity: 0.4; filter: alpha(opacity=40);}button.close { padding: 0; cursor: pointer; background: transparent; border: 0; -webkit-appearance: none;}.pull-right { float: right;}.pull-left { float: left;}.hide { display: none;}.show { display: block;}.invisible { visibility: hidden;}.fade { opacity: 0; -webkit-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; -moz-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; -ms-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; -o-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; transition: opacity 0.15s linear;}.fade.in { opacity: 1;}.collapse { position: relative; height: 0; overflow: hidden; -webkit-transition: height 0.35s ease; -moz-transition: height 0.35s ease; -ms-transition: height 0.35s ease; -o-transition: height 0.35s ease; transition: height 0.35s ease;}.collapse.in { height: auto;}.hidden { display: none; visibility: hidden;}.visible-phone { display: none !important;}.visible-tablet { display: none !important;}.hidden-desktop { display: none !important;}@media (max-width: 767px) { .visible-phone { display: inherit !important; } .hidden-phone { display: none !important; } .hidden-desktop { display: inherit !important; } .visible-desktop { display: none !important; }}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) { .visible-tablet { display: inherit !important; } .hidden-tablet { display: none !important; } .hidden-desktop { display: inherit !important; } .visible-desktop { display: none !important ; }}@media (max-width: 480px) { .nav-collapse { -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); } .page-header h1 small { display: block; line-height: 18px; } input[type="checkbox"], input[type="radio"] { border: 1px solid #ccc; } .form-horizontal .control-group > label { float: none; width: auto; padding-top: 0; text-align: left; } .form-horizontal .controls { margin-left: 0; } .form-horizontal .control-list { padding-top: 0; } .form-horizontal .form-actions { padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; } .modal { position: absolute; top: 10px; left: 10px; right: 10px; width: auto; margin: 0; } .modal.fade.in { top: auto; } .modal-header .close { padding: 10px; margin: -10px; } .carousel-caption { position: static; }}@media (max-width: 767px) { body { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; } .navbar-fixed-top, .navbar-fixed-bottom { margin-left: -20px; margin-right: -20px; } .container-fluid { padding: 0; } .dl-horizontal dt { float: none; clear: none; width: auto; text-align: left; } .dl-horizontal dd { margin-left: 0; } .container { width: auto; } .row-fluid { width: 100%; } .row, .thumbnails { margin-left: 0; } [class*="span"], .row-fluid [class*="span"] { float: none; display: block; width: auto; margin-left: 0; } .input-large, .input-xlarge, .input-xxlarge, input[class*="span"], select[class*="span"], textarea[class*="span"], .uneditable-input { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } .input-prepend input, .input-append input, .input-prepend input[class*="span"], .input-append input[class*="span"] { display: inline-block; width: auto; }}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) { .row { margin-left: -20px; *zoom: 1; } .row:before, .row:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row:after { clear: both; } [class*="span"] { float: left; margin-left: 20px; } .container, .navbar-fixed-top .container, .navbar-fixed-bottom .container { width: 724px; } .span12 { width: 724px; } .span11 { width: 662px; } .span10 { width: 600px; } .span9 { width: 538px; } .span8 { width: 476px; } .span7 { width: 414px; } .span6 { width: 352px; } .span5 { width: 290px; } .span4 { width: 228px; } .span3 { width: 166px; } .span2 { width: 104px; } .span1 { width: 42px; } .offset12 { margin-left: 764px; } .offset11 { margin-left: 702px; } .offset10 { margin-left: 640px; } .offset9 { margin-left: 578px; } .offset8 { margin-left: 516px; } .offset7 { margin-left: 454px; } .offset6 { margin-left: 392px; } .offset5 { margin-left: 330px; } .offset4 { margin-left: 268px; } .offset3 { margin-left: 206px; } .offset2 { margin-left: 144px; } .offset1 { margin-left: 82px; } .row-fluid { width: 100%; *zoom: 1; } .row-fluid:before, .row-fluid:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row-fluid:after { clear: both; } .row-fluid [class*="span"] { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin-left: 2.762430939%; *margin-left: 2.709239449638298%; } .row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child { margin-left: 0; } .row-fluid .span12 { width: 99.999999993%; *width: 99.9468085036383%; } .row-fluid .span11 { width: 91.436464082%; *width: 91.38327259263829%; } .row-fluid .span10 { width: 82.87292817100001%; *width: 82.8197366816383%; } .row-fluid .span9 { width: 74.30939226%; *width: 74.25620077063829%; } .row-fluid .span8 { width: 65.74585634900001%; *width: 65.6926648596383%; } .row-fluid .span7 { width: 57.182320438000005%; *width: 57.129128948638304%; } .row-fluid .span6 { width: 48.618784527%; *width: 48.5655930376383%; } .row-fluid .span5 { width: 40.055248616%; *width: 40.0020571266383%; } .row-fluid .span4 { width: 31.491712705%; *width: 31.4385212156383%; } .row-fluid .span3 { width: 22.928176794%; *width: 22.874985304638297%; } .row-fluid .span2 { width: 14.364640883%; *width: 14.311449393638298%; } .row-fluid .span1 { width: 5.801104972%; *width: 5.747913482638298%; } input, textarea, .uneditable-input { margin-left: 0; } input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 { width: 714px; } input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 { width: 652px; } input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 { width: 590px; } input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 { width: 528px; } input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 { width: 466px; } input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 { width: 404px; } input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 { width: 342px; } input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 { width: 280px; } input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 { width: 218px; } input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 { width: 156px; } input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 { width: 94px; } input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 { width: 32px; }}@media (min-width: 1200px) { .row { margin-left: -30px; *zoom: 1; } .row:before, .row:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row:after { clear: both; } [class*="span"] { float: left; margin-left: 30px; } .container, .navbar-fixed-top .container, .navbar-fixed-bottom .container { width: 1170px; } .span12 { width: 1170px; } .span11 { width: 1070px; } .span10 { width: 970px; } .span9 { width: 870px; } .span8 { width: 770px; } .span7 { width: 670px; } .span6 { width: 570px; } .span5 { width: 470px; } .span4 { width: 370px; } .span3 { width: 270px; } .span2 { width: 170px; } .span1 { width: 70px; } .offset12 { margin-left: 1230px; } .offset11 { margin-left: 1130px; } .offset10 { margin-left: 1030px; } .offset9 { margin-left: 930px; } .offset8 { margin-left: 830px; } .offset7 { margin-left: 730px; } .offset6 { margin-left: 630px; } .offset5 { margin-left: 530px; } .offset4 { margin-left: 430px; } .offset3 { margin-left: 330px; } .offset2 { margin-left: 230px; } .offset1 { margin-left: 130px; } .row-fluid { width: 100%; *zoom: 1; } .row-fluid:before, .row-fluid:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row-fluid:after { clear: both; } .row-fluid [class*="span"] { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin-left: 2.564102564%; *margin-left: 2.510911074638298%; } .row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child { margin-left: 0; } .row-fluid .span12 { width: 100%; *width: 99.94680851063829%; } .row-fluid .span11 { width: 91.45299145300001%; *width: 91.3997999636383%; } .row-fluid .span10 { width: 82.905982906%; *width: 82.8527914166383%; } .row-fluid .span9 { width: 74.358974359%; *width: 74.30578286963829%; } .row-fluid .span8 { width: 65.81196581200001%; *width: 65.7587743226383%; } .row-fluid .span7 { width: 57.264957265%; *width: 57.2117657756383%; } .row-fluid .span6 { width: 48.717948718%; *width: 48.6647572286383%; } .row-fluid .span5 { width: 40.170940171000005%; *width: 40.117748681638304%; } .row-fluid .span4 { width: 31.623931624%; *width: 31.5707401346383%; } .row-fluid .span3 { width: 23.076923077%; *width: 23.0237315876383%; } .row-fluid .span2 { width: 14.529914530000001%; *width: 14.4767230406383%; } .row-fluid .span1 { width: 5.982905983%; *width: 5.929714493638298%; } input, textarea, .uneditable-input { margin-left: 0; } input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 { width: 1160px; } input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 { width: 1060px; } input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 { width: 960px; } input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 { width: 860px; } input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 { width: 760px; } input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 { width: 660px; } input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 { width: 560px; } input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 { width: 460px; } input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 { width: 360px; } input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 { width: 260px; } input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 { width: 160px; } input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 { width: 60px; } .thumbnails { margin-left: -30px; } .thumbnails > li { margin-left: 30px; } .row-fluid .thumbnails { margin-left: 0; }}@media (max-width: 979px) { body { padding-top: 0; } .navbar-fixed-top, .navbar-fixed-bottom { position: static; } .navbar-fixed-top { margin-bottom: 18px; } .navbar-fixed-bottom { margin-top: 18px; } .navbar-fixed-top .navbar-inner, .navbar-fixed-bottom .navbar-inner { padding: 5px; } .navbar .container { width: auto; padding: 0; } .navbar .brand { padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; margin: 0 0 0 -5px; } .nav-collapse { clear: both; } .nav-collapse .nav { float: none; margin: 0 0 9px; } .nav-collapse .nav > li { float: none; } .nav-collapse .nav > li > a { margin-bottom: 2px; } .nav-collapse .nav > .divider-vertical { display: none; } .nav-collapse .nav .nav-header { color: #999999; text-shadow: none; } .nav-collapse .nav > li > a, .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu a { padding: 6px 15px; font-weight: bold; color: #999999; -webkit-border-radius: 3px; -moz-border-radius: 3px; border-radius: 3px; } .nav-collapse .btn { padding: 4px 10px 4px; font-weight: normal; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu li + li a { margin-bottom: 2px; } .nav-collapse .nav > li > a:hover, .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu a:hover { background-color: #222222; } .nav-collapse.in .btn-group { margin-top: 5px; padding: 0; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu { position: static; top: auto; left: auto; float: none; display: block; max-width: none; margin: 0 15px; padding: 0; background-color: transparent; border: none; -webkit-border-radius: 0; -moz-border-radius: 0; border-radius: 0; -webkit-box-shadow: none; -moz-box-shadow: none; box-shadow: none; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu:before, .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu:after { display: none; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu .divider { display: none; } .nav-collapse .navbar-form, .nav-collapse .navbar-search { float: none; padding: 9px 15px; margin: 9px 0; border-top: 1px solid #222222; border-bottom: 1px solid #222222; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1); -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1); } .navbar .nav-collapse .nav.pull-right { float: none; margin-left: 0; } .nav-collapse, .nav-collapse.collapse { overflow: hidden; height: 0; } .navbar .btn-navbar { display: block; } .navbar-static .navbar-inner { padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; }}@media (min-width: 980px) { .nav-collapse.collapse { height: auto !important; overflow: visible !important; }}

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