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• Is this a valid backup strategy for MongoDB?

  - by James Simpson

  I've got a single dedicated server with a MongoDB database of around 10GB. I need to do daily backups, but I can't have downtime with the database. Is it possible to use a replica set on a single disk (with 2 instances of mongod running on different ports), and simply take the secondary one offline and backup the data files to an offsite storage such as S3 (journaling is turned on)? Or would using master/slave be better than a replica set? Is this viable, and if so, what potential problems could I have? If not, how do I conceptualize this to work?

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• Feeding the kernels entropy source from other machines and/or increasing its maximum size

  - by David Spillett

  We have has a little trouble with a small box that acts as a VPN end-point and mail relay for our network, caused by the available entropy for /dev/random being too low (which causes TLS connection attempts by exim to fail). The machine doesn't do anything else, so the normal feed into the entropy pool (interrupt timings from things like disk access) is not enough. As a quick hack I've set a looping script that reads from /dev/hda at a couple of Mbyte/sec which keeps it topped up. Other than buying a hardware RNG, is there a clean way of piping data for entry from elsewhere, such as a copy of the data our file server uses for its entropy source? I've spotted several tips for using rng-tools to feed it from /dev/urandom on the same machine but that "feels dirty". Also, is it possible to increase the maximum pool size? It currently seems to max out at 3585.

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• Can't mount home after trying to resize (bad geometry: block count exceeds size of device).

  - by Lynn

  This is on a fresh computer (super computer actually). It got to me with 15T on the home mount and 50G on the root. I tried allocating 7T to root and resizing (since I'm putting a local yum repo on this machine as it has no internet access nor will it ever). I tried following the instructions here: Centos 6.3 disk space allocation but something went wrong and the home won't mount again. Instead I get from dmesg | tail: EXT4-fs (dm-2): bad geometry: block count 4294967295 exceeds size of device (1342177280 blocks) df -h nets this output: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 7.0T 3.6G 6.6T 1% / tmpfs 190G 216K 190G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 38M 422M 9% /boot I didn't have any files on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home. Will simply running mke2fs fix it to be mountable? What sort of options should I run it with. I've never resized volumes before or used mke2fs. I don't want to make this mess worse.

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• How to determine non-movable files in Windows 7?

  - by David

  Is there a way to determine which unmovable files are preventing Shrink Volume from releasing the full potential free space? Background: I have a 90 GB partition with Windows 7 on it, and 60 GB free space. I want to shrink it down to about 40 GB, and use the reclaimed 50 GB for a separate data partition. The Shrink Volume tool in Disk Management is only willing to give me 8 GB back. My understanding is that this is because of immovable files. I've followed the instructions found here, which involved disabling hibernation, pagefile, system restore, kernal dump, making sure all related files were deleted, and defrag'ing. I have successfully followed those same instructions before on this same drive, and partitoned the original 150 GB space into 90 GB and 60 GB, but I'm not so lucky this time.

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• How can I diagnose cache misses when using Apache as a reverse proxy?

  - by johnstok

  I have set up Apache 2.2 as a reverse proxy with the following configuration: # jBoss proxying ProxyRequests Off <Proxy *> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> ProxyPass /foo http://localhost:9080/foo ProxyPassReverse /foo http://localhost:9080/foo ProxyPassReverseCookiePath /foo /foo # Reverse proxy caching CacheEnable disk /foo # Compression SetOutputFilter DEFLATE BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4\.0[678] no-gzip BrowserMatch \bMSIE\s(7|8) !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html DeflateCompressionLevel 9 Header append Vary User-Agent env=!dont-vary However, in a number of cases where I expect a cached response to be returned the request is sent through to the origin server at localhost:9080. Responses have a HTTP Vary header of 'Accept-Encoding,User-Agent' which is to be expected given the mod_deflate configuration. How can I determine why Apache is unable to serve a response from the cache?

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• Locking down firmware to keep stolen laptop from being formatted?

  - by Matt Ridge

  On the Mac laptops there are ways through the terminal to lock down the computer so that if someone tries to format the computer they won't be able to do it without the password. This way locks down the firmware. Is there a universal way to do the same thing on a PC? I know there are brands out there such as Samsung, Dell, etc that utilize different fimware types, and in turn will mean that their firmware will be locked down differently. That being said is there a "command code" that will allow you to lock the firmware to keep theives from formatting the hard drive and wiping out your data? I know a person who has time, and knowledge can get any password, and hopefully the person is smart enough to use another password to lock down the firmware, but that's not what I'm asking. I'm asking if it's possible, and if so how? Does the standard PC user require a 3rd party app, or can it be done through the command line? Or Terminal if you are on Linux?

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• Does ZFS cache Compressed or Uncompressed data in a ZFS file-system with compression turned on?

  - by George Bailey

  ZFS supports file-system compression and it also caches frequently or recently accessed data. If a system has lots of CPU but the underlying data storage system is slow. It is possible that ZFS would perform better with compression turned on. This can be easily tested when writing files by measuring CPU and disk usage and throughput. (of course latency may exist,, but this would not be an issue for large files). But what about cache? If data will have to be decompressed every time it is read then this is probably less of a good idea. Is the cached data compressed?. Does anybody have some information on this?

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• Anybody know how to get podcasts sorted correctly on a Zune?

  - by Will

  If I could understand the logic behind it I could actually manage to get my stuff sorted correctly on the device. It doesn't matter how things are sorted on disk, or in the software itself. As items are added to the sync list they end up sorted in some weird manner which, quite frankly, brings out an anger in me that scares me. A primitive, misshapen and unthinking anger. Kind of like the lumpy guy in Altered States. Frankly, I'm afraid one day its going to burst forth and I will track down the entire Zune team and make them pay for their failures. Help me prevent this from happening. Help me understand what I need to do to ensure my podcasts end up in the order I wish them to be in, not some obscure random order that makes no sense.

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• Copy files with filter (XP)

  - by fire

  I have a huge folder (over 6GB) with multiple sub-folders that I want to copy onto an external hard drive, however I do not want it to copy any PDF, EXE or ZIP files across to save space. Is there any software that will help me achieve this? I have looked at TeraCopy but this doesn't seem to have any filter mechanism on it. I am using Windows XP (* sigh *). *edit: found the xcopy command, will this do it? Can anyone help me with the syntax?

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• Taking over and Moving a PHP site

  - by KCavon

  I have a internal use PHP site at my new position. It only runs a few days a year off site so we keep it on laptops. The hardware it has been on, a 8 year IBM Thinkpad running Fedora, is dying. I have new Lenovo Thinkpad's running latest and greatest Ubuntu. I have copied the contents of var to a shared drive, renamed the old www folder in var on the new machine and copied over the old www folder. I can get to the login page and into the site, but when I look something up it returns Cannot Open. I know I cannot get to the MySQL in the new machine because users and passwords dont match. The version of the PHP from the old machine is before the setup script was included. I know very little about PHP. I am looking for input on the proper way to link the old PHP files to my mysql instance. Any help, much appreciated.

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• Routers with USB plug to connect external storage

  - by sixtyfootersdude

  I am just about to buy a new wireless router. I want to be able to hook up a harddrive to it and let the harddrive serve the entire network. I will mostly be storing media and some backups on the drive. I know I could get some kind of NAS but I would prefer to just hook up one of my many unused hard drives directly to my router. It looks like d-link has several products that do this using shareport. If you were wanting to have network storage how would you do it? With a NAS? Using a router with a USB port. Are these systems robust? What router would you buy?

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• Which built-in account is used for Anonymous Authentication in IIS 7?

  - by smwikipedia

  We know that Microsoft IIS 7.0 offer a slew of authentication methods such as Anonymous Authentication, Form Based Authentication, Digest Authentication, etc. I read from Professional IIS 7 published by Wrox that: When we use Anonymous Authentication, the end-user does not supply credentials, effectively mak- ing an anonymous request. IIS 7.0 impersonates a fixed user account when attempting to process the request (for example, to read the file off the hard disk). So, what is the fixed user account impersonated by IIS? Where can I see it? If I don't know what this account is, how could I assign proper permissions for the clients who are authenticated as anonymous users? Thanks.

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• Resizing a System Partition Windows Server 2003 VM (Getting GParted Error)

  - by Dina

  I am getting an error while trying to resize System Partition for Windows 2003 Server (this is a VM on a Hyper-v Windows Server 2008) using GParted Live CD ISO. Followed this tutorial: http://malaysiavm.com/blog/how-to-resize-windows-2003-server-virtual-disk-on-vmware-esx/ and GParted Doc http://gparted.sourceforge.net/larry/resize/resizing.htm (They are very similar) The VM has a Dynamic VHD file, I have already increased it using Hyper-v. GParted doesn't give any clues or details for the error. Just simply errors when trying to grow the partition. Any ideas what I can do? Thanks! Using version of Gparted: gparted-live-0.13.1-2

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• Possible to use DRBD on two ESXi virtualized servers?

  - by chen

  I have two servers (attached disks have been set up as hardware RAID1 for disk device level failure resilience). Here is the setup in my mind: 1) Install ESXi on each of the physical server, M1, M2; 2) Start one VM on each of the ESXi virtualized physical server V1, V2; 3) Install the DRDB drivers within V1 and V2. Essentially, this is a "virtualizing machine running DRBD in the VM's instead of bare metal hardware" idea. My question is whether the above setup can achieve the same "networked RAID1" goal that DRDB can achieve in the bare-metal physical machines (http://www.drbd.org/). Thanks. [EDIT] I found this (http://serverfault.com/questions/49305/drbd-experimentation-and-virtualization) is a similar question, but the answer does not seem to be firmative enough for me to follow.

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• What's the best encoding for videos on the Zune?

  - by Will

  I've got videos I want to encode to put on the zune. Have the encoding software (using Expression Encoder), but I'm not sure about what I should transcode to. I used the settings built into EE for the Zune, but the sync software still shows these videos are being converted before sync. I already have to get these videos into an acceptable format, so encoding twice is a waste of time and space. What I'm looking for is a video codec, audio codec, bitrate, WxH, and anything else I need to encode a video so it goes straight from my disk onto my Zune without re-encoding.

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• NTFS write speed really slow (<15MB/s)

  - by Zulakis

  I got a new Seagate 4TB harddrive formatted with ntfs using parted /dev/sda > mklabel gpt > mkpart pri 1 -1 mkfs.ntfs /dev/sda1 When copying files or testing writespeed with dd, the max writespeed I can get is about 12MB/s. The harddrive should be capable of atleast 100MB/s. top shows high cpu usage for the mount.ntfs process. The system has a AMD dualcore. This is the output of parted /dev/sda unit s print: Model: ATA ST4000DM000-1F21 (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 7814037168s Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 2048s 7814035455s 7814033408s pri The used kernel is 3.5.0-23-generic. The ntfs-3g versions I tried are ntfs-3g 2012.1.15AR.1 (ubuntu 12.04 default) and the newest version ntfs-3g 2013.1.13AR.2. When formatted with ext4 I get good write speeds with about 140MB/s. How can I fix the writespeed?

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• How do I purge or empty Windows Explorer's network username and sharename cache?

  - by Abel

  While troubleshooting a Samba vs Windows Network issue, I noticed that Windows' Explorer remembers login credentials of remote shares, even if you ask it not to. For instance, after accessing a share using \\servername\sharename plus entering username/password and then closing Windows Explorer, adding the same share as a network drive gives the following message, regardless whether the username is the same or not: The network folder specified is currently mapped using a different user name and password. To connect using a different user name and password, first disconnect any existing mappings to this network share. Using NET USE does not show the share. After restarting the computer, I have no problems accessing the share using different credentials. But restarting just for testing other credentials is annoying, esp. while troubleshooting. How can I purge this cache, using Windows Vista? Note: using nbtstat -R[R], ipconfig /renew, killing explorer.exe or disabling / re-enabling the network card didn't help.

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• Solution to Manage and Monitor (Ubuntu) Machines

  - by Elmar Weber

  I'm looking for a tool like Canonical (system management and monitoring for Ubuntu) that is Open Source and free. The goal is to manage a dozen or so KVM machines for private testing purposes. I know of puppet and munin or RHQ as separate tools to manage and monitor, but I'd prefer something integrated. Any tips? Basic requirements would be: system package management and update (individual selection for each managed node) configuration of basic system services (Users, NFS, cron, ideally also Apache) monitoring (charting of system resources, disk, io, memory, etc) and alerting, ideally a default configuration with sensible values for alerts

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• How to resize root LVM partition in Fedora without LiveCD or Rebooting

  - by Cerin

  I have a virtual machine that recently had its disk image increased from 20GB to 50GB, and fdisk -l verifies that the VM can see this new size. Now I need to resize my root LVM partition to fill the extra 30GB. I've found several articles about resizing LVM, but the few that cover resizing the root partition all claim you need to boot from a LiveCD. Is there any way to do this without taking down the server? The server is critical, so I'd like to minimize downtime.

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• Expanding RAID 1 array size (Adaptec 1420SA controller)

  - by cincura.net

  I have an Adaptec 1420SA controller in server and RAID 1 array created. The old disks slowly started to report S.M.A.R.T errors so I replaced first one, rebuild array and then other one and rebuild the array again. But the new drives are bigger, so I'd like to expand the array to use full disk capacity. Is it somehow possible? In the Adaptec configuration utility, after POST, I didn't found anything that could do it. I still have the old drives, if it helps. The array is used for system (Windows 2008 R2 SP1) booting. Thanks.

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• Does mdadm allow to mix sata drives and USB -> sata drives ?

  - by marc

  Welcome, I have question, i have working array md5 of 5 drives. We are running out of space. Server don't have big usage but it have to be online. We can't add another controller. I got idea to buy a USB drive case ? Does mdadm allow to mix array created on sata drives by controller and virtual usb ? (we don't boot from mdadm) But im not sure is this will work ? Is usb drives are configurated before mdadm demon start ? Regards

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• sizes of RAM, of virtual memory and of swap for 32-bit OS

  - by Tim

  If I understand correctly, a 32-bit OS (Ubuntu) can only address 4GiB memory, so RAM with size larger than 4Gib will only be used 4Gib of itself and the rest is a waste. I am now confused about this situation for RAM with similar one for virtual memory and for swap. with virtual memory being swap + RAM, if the size of the virtual memory exceeds 4Gib, will the exceeding part be a waste for the 32-bit OS? if I now have to choose the size for my swap partition, is it a factor to consider that the 32-bit OS can only address 4GiB memory? Does the size of swap have to be chosen with respect to the 4Gib addressible limitation? Will the swap exceeding 4GiB always be a waste? is virtual memory equal to RAM and swap? or can virtual memory use space on the hard drive outside the swap partition? Thanks and regards!

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• Installing my own XP VHD into Win 7.

  - by malcolms

  Hi, I am follwing instructions on this site to install my own XP VHD into Win 7 virtual PC (XP mode) http://www.windows7hacker.com/index.php/2009/09/how-to-make-your-own-vhd-to-xp-mode-or-even-vista-mode-ready/ Problem is when I click on install Integration Components on the Tools menu the setup does not start. And I do not understand this message that comes up because I can't start VM at this point at all. It says "If setup does not run automatically, open the CD-rom drive inside the virtual machine and run setup" So what does the mean when i cant run the VM?? Malcolm

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• Why has my Mac been running fsck_hfs for two days now?

  - by Nate

  I first noticed that fsck_hfs was running, taking up 50-75% of a CPU, yesterday. It continues to run today. ps shows that it is doing /sbin/fsck_hfs -f -n -x -E /dev/disk3. Only problem: I don’t think I have a /dev/disk3. Why is it running? Will it ever finish? Can I kill it? What is /dev/disk3? Could it be my Time Machine volume, which is not mounted at the moment? System Info: MacBook Pro (2008). It has two disks installed—the internal disk (/dev/disk1) and a PC Card SSD (/dev/disk0, surprisingly). It connects to a remote Time Machine volume attached to an Airport Extreme base station.

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• What are best monitoring tool customizable for cluster / distributed system?

  - by Adil

  I am working on a system having multiple servers. I am interested in monitoring some server specific data like CPU/memory usage, disk/filesystem usage, network traffic, system load etc. and some other my process specific data. What are available open source that can serve my purpose? If it provides to customize the parameter to be monitored and monitor your own data by creating plugin / agent. Any suggestions? I heard of Nagios, Zabbix and Pandora but not sure if they provide such interface.

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