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  • In SQL, a Join is actually an Intersection? And it is also a linkage or a "Sideway Union"?

    - by Jian Lin
    I always thought of a Join in SQL as some kind of linkage between two tables. For example, select e.name, d.name from employees e, departments d where employees.deptID = departments.deptID In this case, it is linking two tables, to show each employee with a department name instead of a department ID. And kind of like a "linkage" or "Union" sideway". But, after learning about inner join vs outer join, it shows that a Join (Inner join) is actually an intersection. For example, when one table has the ID 1, 2, 7, 8, while another table has the ID 7 and 8 only, the way we get the intersection is: select * from t1, t2 where t1.ID = t2.ID to get the two records of "7 and 8". So it is actually an intersection. So we have the "Intersection" of 2 tables. Compare this with the "Union" operation on 2 tables. Can a Join be thought of as an "Intersection"? But what about the "linking" or "sideway union" aspect of it?

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  • Confused as to why my PHP include isn't working

    - by Sam
    I had a prototype of my website working correctly, meaning it connected to the database correctly. This was done with just one file called "connect.php" which had mysql_connect() and such inside it. I then separated the connect information into to separate files, one containing the account information (account.php) and one containing the connect function (connect.php), with correct information (I triple checked) and it isn't connecting properly. All I can think of is that I'm not including it the right way. This is what I have in a file: <?php include('account.php'); include('connect.php'); include('functions.php'); ..... ?>

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  • PHP classes, parse syntax errors when using 'var' to declare variables

    - by jon
    I am a C# guy trying to translate some of my OOP understanding over to php. I'm trying to make my first class object, and are hitting a few hitches. Here is the beginning of the class: <?php require("Database/UserDB.php"); class User { private var $uid; private var $username; private var $password; private var $realname; private var $email; private var $address; private var $phone; private var $projectArray; public function _construct($username) { $userArray = UserDB::GetUserArray($username); $uid = $userArray['uid']; $username = $userArray['username']; $realname = $userArray['realname']; $email = $userArray['email']; $phone = $userArray['phone']; $i = 1; $projectArray = UserDB::GetUserProjects($this->GetID()); while($projectArray[$i] != null) { $projectArray[$i] = new Project($projectArray[$i]); } UserDB.php is where I have all my static functions interacting with the Database for this User Class. I am getting errors using when I use var, and I'm getting confused. I know I don't HAVE to use var, or declare the variables at all, but I feel it is a better practice to do so. the error is "unexpected T_VAR, expecting T_VARIABLE" When I simply remove var from the declarations it works. Why is this?

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  • How do I all the registered users on a day report

    - by Nadal
    I have a table called users where I have two columns: name and created_at. created_at column column is of type datetime and it stores the datetime when this user was created. I need to know the number of users created for a given date range. Let's say I ask give me user report between 1-nov-2010 and 30-nov-2010 . I need something like this 1-nov-2010: 2 2-nov-2010: 5 The problem I am running into is that created_at data has value upto second. How do I check if a created_at date falls within a given date. Any help in solving this problem is appreciated. I am using mysql5.

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  • Random Alpha numeric generator

    - by AAA
    Hi, I want to give our users in the database a unique alpha-numeric id. I am using the code below, will this always generate a unique id? Below is the old and updated version of the code: New php: // Generate Guid function NewGuid() { $s = strtoupper(md5(uniqid("something",true))); $guidText = substr($s,0,8) . '-' . substr($s,8,4) . '-' . substr($s,12,4). '-' . substr($s,16,4). '-' . substr($s,20); return $guidText; } // End Generate Guid $Guid = NewGuid(); echo $Guid; echo "<br><br><br>"; Old PHP: // Generate Guid function NewGuid() { $s = strtoupper(md5(uniqid("something",true))); $guidText = substr($s,0,8) . '-' . substr($s,8,4) . '-' . substr($s,12,4). '-' . substr($s,16,4). '-' . substr($s,20); return $guidText; } // End Generate Guid $Guid = NewGuid(); echo $Guid; echo "<br><br><br>"; Will this first code guarantee uniqueness?

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  • why is ADODB inserting NULL values on update?

    - by every_answer_gets_a_point
    i have: With rs .AddNew ' create a new record ' add values to each field in the record .Fields("datapath") = dpath .Fields("analysistime") = "atime" .Fields("reporttime") = "rtime" .Fields("lastcalib") = "lcalib" .Fields("analystname") = "aname" .Fields("reportname") = "rname" .Fields("batchstate") = "bstate" .Fields("instrument") = "NA" .Update ' stores the new record End With when i check the database, it looks like it ONLY inserted the last field! has anyone encountered this problem?

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  • 'Good' programming form in maintaining / updating / accessing files by entry

    - by zhermes
    Basic Question: If I'm storying/modifying data, should I access elements of a file by index hard-coded index, i.e. targetFile.getElement(5); via a hardcoded identifier (internally translated into index), i.e. target.getElementWithID("Desired Element"), or with some intermediate DESIRED_ELEMENT = 5; ... target.getElement(DESIRED_ELEMENT), etc. Background: My program (c++) stores data in lots of different 'dataFile's. I also keep a list of all of the data-files in another file---a 'listFile'---which also stores some of each one's properties (see below, but i.e. what it's name is, how many lines of information it has etc.). There is an object which manages the data files and the list file, call it a 'fileKeeper'. The entries of a listFile look something like: filename , contents name , number of lines , some more numbers ... Its definitely possible that I may add / remove fields from this list --- but in general, they'll stay static. Right now, I have a constant string array which holds the identification of each element in each entry, something like: const string fileKeeper::idKeys[] = { "FileName" , "Contents" , "NumLines" ... }; const int fileKeeper::idKeysNum = 6; // 6 - for example I'm trying to manage this stuff in 'good' programatic form. Thus, when I want to retrieve the number of lines in a file (for example), instead of having a method which just retrieves the '3'rd element... Instead I do something like: string desiredID = "NumLines"; int desiredIndex = indexForID(desiredID); string desiredElement = elementForIndex(desiredIndex); where the function indexForID() goes through the entries of idKeys until it finds desiredID then returns the index it corresponds to. And elementForIndex(index) actually goes into the listFile to retrieve the index'th element of the comma-delimited string. Problem: This still seems pretty ugly / poor-form. Is there a way I should be doing this? If not, what are some general ways in which this is usually done? Thanks!

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  • ColdFusion Timeout Error

    - by Jason
    I have a scheduled task that runs once a day that builds an XML file that I pass off to another group. Recently the amount of data has greatly increased and is now causing the task to time out (I think). I have tried to optimize my script as much as possible but with no luck. It times out long before an hour and I don't get any kind of ColdFusion error. Instead I get a "This page cannot be found" after it runs. Could this be a timeout someplace other than Coldfusion? Is there a more efficient way to build this XML file? select PersonID, FirstName, LastName from People select d.DepartmentID, DepartmentName, pd.PersonID from Department d inner join PersonDepartment pd on d.DepartmentID = pd.DepartmentID select PaperID, PaperTitle, PaperDescription, pp.PersonID from Paper p inner join PersonPaper pp on p.PaperID = pp.PaperID select DepartmentID, DepartmentName from getDepartments where PersonID = #getPeople.PersonID# select PaperID, PaperDescription from getpapers where PersonID = #getPeople.PersonID# #getPeople.PersonID# #getPeople.Firstname# #getPeople.LastName# #getPersonDepartments.DepartmentID# #getPersonDepartments.DepartmentName# #getPersonPapers.PaperID# #getPersonPapers.PaperDescription# Done!

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  • Use where clause with Like in codeigniter

    - by user2524013
    I am working on a project. I am implementing the Search functionality in my System. I will have to show the search record from two tables base on the current use login. I have tried the following code: function searchActivity($limit,$offset,$keyword1,$keyword2,$recruiter_id) { $q=$this->db->select('*')->from('tbl_activity')->limit($limit,$offset); $this->db->join('tbl_job', 'tbl_job.job_id = tbl_activity.job_id_fk', 'left outer'); $this->db->order_by("activity_id", "ASC"); $this->db->like('job_title',$keyword1,'both'); $this->db->or_like('job_title',$keyword2,'both'); $this->db->or_like('activity_subject',$keyword1,'both'); $this->db->or_like('activity_subject',$keyword2,'both'); $this->db->or_like('activity_details',$keyword1,'both'); $this->db->or_like('activity_details',$keyword2,'both'); $this->db->where('tbl_activity.recruiter_id_fk',$recruiter_id); $ret['rows']=$q->get()->result(); return $ret; } I want to show search results based on the current user id, which is currently store in $recruiter. Thanks in advance.

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  • Converting SQL with subselect in select to HQL

    - by UltraVi01
    I have the following SQL that I am having problems converting to HQL. A NPE is getting thrown -- which I think has something to do with the SUM function. Also, I'd like to sort on the subselect alias -- is this possible? SQL (subselect): SELECT q.title, q.author_id, (SELECT IFNULL(SUM(IF(vote_up=true,1,-1)), 0) FROM vote WHERE question_id = q.id) AS votecount FROM question q ORDER BY votecount DESC HQL (not working) SELECT q, (SELECT COALESCE(SUM(IF(v.voteUp=true,1,-1)), 0) FROM Vote v WHERE v.question = q) AS votecount FROM Question AS q LEFT JOIN q.author u LEFT JOIN u.blockedUsers ub WHERE q.dateCreated BETWEEN :week AND :now AND u.id NOT IN ( SELECT ub.blocked FROM UserBlock AS ub WHERE ub.blocker =:loggedInUser ) AND (u.blockedUsers IS EMPTY OR ub.blocked !=:loggedInUser) ORDER BY votecount DESC

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  • What is the best way to update a field for each row in a table?

    - by pixel
    I have a table called artists. Within it, there is a field for the artist name (artist_name). Then there is a field for SEO friendly artist name, we'll call it search_name. I have over 40,000 artists in this table. So, I'd like to convert all artists names to search friendly. What is the best way to accomplish this? Not looking for code here, just ideas. This is what I have thus far. I'm just not sure if I should call all 40,000 artists, loop through them and update? // Does this artist name have any symbols, apostrophes, etc. If so, strip them out // Does this artist have a space (the beatles)? If so, replace with + (the+beatles). // insert into search field

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  • Where to place web server root?

    - by nefo_x
    Hello everybody, I've just made an upgrade and now partly thinking on web-server directory structure for local workstation for web-development on linux platform. Running multiple hosts and different projects required. Where is it better to put all the server's docroots? /var/www? /srv? /www? I plan to make it as separate partition - could it be good for backups? :) I'm looking forward to your thoughts on this.

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  • Array "tree" creation from db table

    - by Tural Teyyuboglu
    Trying to create array tree for db driven navigation. Getting following errur: array_key_exists() expects exactly 2 parameters, 1 given on line if (!array_key_exists($tree[$parent]['children'][$id])) Function looks like that $tree = array(); $sql = "SELECT id, parent, name FROM menu WHERE parent ... etc.... "; $results = mysql_query($sql) or die(mysql_error()); while(list($id, $parent, $name) = mysql_fetch_assoc($results)) { $tree[$id] = array('name' => $name, 'children' => array(), 'parent' => $parent); if (!array_key_exists($tree[$parent]['children'][$id])) { $tree[$parent]['children'][$id] = $id; } } Db structure How can I fix that? Whats wrong in this function?

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  • show count of rows between 2 dates

    - by hello
    I am trying to show the number of rows that have a created_at date between 2 dates. Here is my code: $result=mysql_query("select * from payments where created_at between '2013/10/01 00:00:00' and '2013/10/30 00:00:00'") or die('You need to add an administrator ' ); $counter = mysql_query("select * from payments where created_at between '2013/10/01 00:00:00' and '2013/10/30 00:00:00'"); $row = mysql_fetch_array($result); $id = $row['id']; $num = mysql_fetch_array($counter); $countjan = $num["id"]; However when i echo (<?php echo"$jan";?>)this shows as 0 any idea how i can get this to work P.s there is 1 row within this date range

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  • get value from database based on array in codeigniter

    - by Developer
    I have an array $user = array([0]=>1 [1]=>2 [2]=>3) which contains id's of certain users. I need to get the countries of these users from database. foreach($userid as $user){ $this->db->select('country'); $this->db->where('user_id',$user); $this->db->from('company'); $usercountry = $this->db->get(); $count = $usercountry->row(); $country = $count->country; } Suppose user1 has country ES, user2 has IN, user3 has US, user4 has UK. then if array contains 1,2,3. Then i need to get the countries ES,IN,US.

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  • Autopopulate from Select box from database

    - by Chris Spalton
    hope you can help, please forgive any poor coding or anytihng, I'm new to this and just hacking my way through to get things to work. That said, on one of my projects I have this code, which successfully populates the dropdown from a database when the page is loaded: <select name="Region" id="Region"> <option value="">-- Select Region --</option> <?php $region=$POST['Region']; if ($region); { $regionquery = "SELECT DISTINCT REGION FROM Sales_Execs "; $regionresult = mysql_query($regionquery); while($row = mysql_fetch_array($regionresult)) { echo "<option value=\"".$row['REGION']."\">".$row['REGION']."</option>\n "; } } ?> <script type="text/javascript"> document.getElementById('Region').value = <?php echo json_encode(trim($_POST['Region']));?>; </script> </select> On my next project that I'm working on now, I need to do the same thing, so I copied the above code amended, and placed in my new project: <select name="Sales_Exec" id="Sales_Exec"> <option value="">-- Select SE --</option> <?php $salesexec=$POST['Sales_Exec']; if ($salesexec); { $salesexecquery = "SELECT DISTINCT Assigned FROM Data "; $salesexecresult = mysql_query($salesexecquery); while($row = mysql_fetch_array($salesexecresult)) { echo "<option value=\"".$row['ASSIGNED']."\">".$row['ASSIGNED']."</option>\n "; } } ?> <script type="text/javascript"> document.getElementById('Sales_Exec').value = <?php echo json_encode(trim($_POST['Sales_Exec']));?>; </script> </select> This second chunk of code doesn't work... and I can't work out why as it seems I've copied it all and amended all the neccersary parts, can anyone spot what is wrong? Thankyou!

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  • How to update mutual entries in DB?

    - by Sthita
    I am not able to perform mutual update to my Database. My Requirement is like this : Insert IDS UPDate DB Entries ID ConnectedTo ID connectedTo connectedVia 2 1 --- No Entry ----- 2 3 -- No Entry ----- When ID 1 Comes in to picture (Enties happened to Table) 1 4 1 3 2 1 5 2 4 1 1 2 2 5 1 When ID 3 Comes into picture (Enties happened to Table) 3 4 3 5 1 3 1 ---- 3 2 ---- Similarly when ID 4 Comes in to picture 4 9 4 2 3 4 10 4 5 1 4 3 4 2 1 4 1 1 9 4 1 10 4 Its basically Updating the mutual connections.No Duplicate entries should happen. Like for example 2 3 and 3 2 are mutually connected and 1 is associated with them so there is no need to insert (3 2 via 1). I think this is my requirement. Anything possible combinations i have missed please let me know. i will Update. Please help me writing the logic or any example using jdbc and java.

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  • Always get the correct datetime?

    - by Jesper Mansa
    I was wandering if there is a way/site/link whith the correct time? Not the servers datetime or the clients datetime. I'm using datetime to count down on my gaming site for when it is the users time to make a play. Users come from all ower the world so using the users client time would not match if its from the US to Europe. Then normally I would use the servers time, but somehow it skips 1.2 hours sometimes? I would like to make sure that everbody makes a timestamp from the same source and that source always is correct! Hoping for help and thanks in advance.

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  • SQL Server GROUP BY troubles!

    - by Lucas311
    I'm getting a frustrating error in one of my SQL Server 2008 queries. It parses fine, but crashes when I try to execute. The error I get is the following: Msg 8120, Level 16, State 1, Line 4 Column 'customertraffic_return.company' is invalid in the select list because it is not contained in either an aggregate function or the GROUP BY clause. SELECT * FROM (SELECT ctr.sp_id AS spid, Substring(ctr.company, 1, 20) AS company, cci.email_address AS tech_email, CASE WHEN rating IS NULL THEN 'unknown' ELSE rating END AS rating FROM customer_contactinfo cci INNER JOIN customertraffic_return ctr ON ctr.sp_id = cci.sp_id WHERE cci.email_address <> '' AND cci.email_address NOT LIKE '%hotmail%' AND cci.email_address IS NOT NULL AND ( region LIKE 'Europe%' OR region LIKE 'Asia%' ) AND SERVICE IN ( '1', '2' ) AND ( rating IN ( 'Premiere', 'Standard', 'unknown' ) OR rating IS NULL ) AND msgcount >= 5000 GROUP BY ctr.sp_id, cci.email_address) AS a WHERE spid NOT IN (SELECT spid FROM customer_exclude) GROUP BY spid, tech_email

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