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• PHP: variable-length argument list by reference?

  - by GetFree

  Is it possible to create a PHP function that takes a variable number of parameters all of them by reference? It doesn't help me a function that receives by reference an array of values nor a function that takes its arguments wrapped in an object because I'm working on function composition and argument binding. Don't think about call-time pass-by-reference either. That thing shouldn't even exist.

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• Eta/Eta-squared routines in R

  - by aL3xa

  Apart from graphical estimation of linearity (gaze-at-scatterplot method), which is utilized before applying some technique from GLM family, there are several ways to do this estimation arithmetically (i.e. without graphs). Right now, I'll focus on Fisher's eta-squared - correlation ratio: arithmetically, it's equal to squared Pearson's r (coef. of determination: R2) if relationship between two variables is linear. Hence, you can compare values of eta and r and make an assessment about type of relation (linear or not). It provides an information about percent of variance in the dependent variable explained (linearly or not) by the independent variable. Therefore, you can apply it when linearity assumptions are not met. Simply stated: is there a routine for eta/eta-squared in R?

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• Python nested function scopes

  - by Thomas O

  I have code like this: def write_postcodes(self): """Write postcodes database. Write data to file pointer. Data is ordered. Initially index pages are written, grouping postcodes by the first three characters, allowing for faster searching.""" status("POSTCODE", "Preparing to sort...", 0, 1) # This function returns the key of x whilst updating the displayed # status of the sort. ctr = 0 def keyfunc(x): ctr += 1 status("POSTCODE", "Sorting postcodes", ctr, len(self.postcodes)) return x sort_res = self.postcodes[:] sort_res.sort(key=keyfunc) But ctr responds with a NameError: Traceback (most recent call last): File "PostcodeWriter.py", line 53, in <module> w.write_postcodes() File "PostcodeWriter.py", line 47, in write_postcodes sort_res.sort(key=keyfunc) File "PostcodeWriter.py", line 43, in keyfunc ctr += 1 UnboundLocalError: local variable 'ctr' referenced before assignment How can I fix this? I thought nester scopes would have allowed me to do this. I've tried with 'global', but it still doesn't work.

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• list of polymorphic objects

  - by LivingThing

  I have a particular scenario below. The code below should print 'say()' function of B and C class and print 'B says..' and 'C says...' but it doesn't .Any ideas.. I am learning polymorphism so also have commented few questions related to it on the lines of code below. class A { public: // A() {} virtual void say() { std::cout << "Said IT ! " << std::endl; } virtual ~A(); //why virtual destructor ? }; void methodCall() // does it matters if the inherited class from A is in this method { class B : public A{ public: // virtual ~B(); //significance of virtual destructor in 'child' class virtual void say () // does the overrided method also has to be have the keyword 'virtual' { cout << "B Sayssss.... " << endl; } }; class C : public A{ public: //virtual ~C(); virtual void say () { cout << "C Says " << endl; } }; list<A> listOfAs; list<A>::iterator it; # 1st scenario B bObj; C cObj; A *aB = &bObj; A *aC = &cObj; # 2nd scenario // A aA; // B *Ba = &aA; // C *Ca = &aA; // I am declaring the objects as in 1st scenario but how about 2nd scenario, is this suppose to work too? listOfAs.insert(it,*aB); listOfAs.insert(it,*aC); for (it=listOfAs.begin(); it!=listOfAs.end(); it++) { cout << *it.say() << endl; } } int main() { methodCall(); retrun 0; }

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• adding a js method

  - by Sorin Buturugeanu

  Hi! I have a js function that is named getID which is basically return document.getElementById(id) I want to make another function, getTag that would return getElementsByTagName. The part that I can't seem to manage is that I want to be able to call them like this: getID('myid').getTag('input') = so this would return all the input elements inside the element with the id myid Thanks! ps: getTag would also have to work if it's called by it's own, but then it would just return document.getElementsByTagName

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• called function A(args) calls a function B() which then calls a function A(args), How to do that?

  - by Ken

  See example: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>language</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.google.com/jsapi"> </script> </head> <body> <div id="language"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var loaded = false; function load_api() { google.load("language", "1", { "nocss": true, "callback": function() { loaded = true; callback_to_caller(with_caller_agruments); // how to call a function (with the same arguments) which called load_api() ??? // case 1 should be: detect_language('testing'); // case 2 should be: translate('some text'); } }); } function detect_language(text) { if (!loaded) { load_api(); } else { // let's continue... believe that google.language is loaded & ready to use google.language.detect(text, function(result) { if (!result.error && result.language) { document.getElementById('language').innerHTML = result.language; } }); } } function translate(text) { if (!loaded) { load_api(); } else { // let's continue... } } detect_language('testing'); // case 1 translate('some text'); // case 2 </script> </body> </html>

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• TSQL - How to join 1..* from multiple tables in one resultset?

  - by ElHaix

  A location table record has two address id's - mailing and business addressID that refer to an address table. Thus, the address table will contain up to two records for a given addressID. Given a location ID, I need an sproc to return all tbl_Location fields, and all tbl_Address fields in one resultset: LocationID INT, ClientID INT, LocationName NVARCHAR(50), LocationDescription NVARCHAR(50), MailingAddressID INT, BillingAddressID INT, MAddress1 NVARCHAR(255), MAddress2 NVARCHAR(255), MCity NVARCHAR(50), MState NVARCHAR(50), MZip NVARCHAR(10), MCountry CHAR(3), BAddress1 NVARCHAR(255), BAddress2 NVARCHAR(255), BCity NVARCHAR(50), BState NVARCHAR(50), BZip NVARCHAR(10), BCountry CHAR(3) I've started by creating a temp table with the required fields, but am a bit stuck on how to accomplish this. I could do sub-selects for each of the required address fields, but seems a bit messy. I've already got a table-valued-function that accepts an address ID, and returns all fields for that ID, but not sure how to integrate it into my required result. Off hand, it looks like 3 selects to create this table - 1: Location, 2: Mailing address, 3: Billing address. What I'd like to do is just create a view and use that. Any assistance would be helpful. Thanks.

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• Higher order function « filter » in C++

  - by Red Hyena

  Hi all. I wanted to write a higher order function filter with C++. The code I have come up with so far is as follows: #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <functional> #include <algorithm> #include <vector> #include <list> #include <iterator> using namespace std; bool isOdd(int const i) { return i % 2 != 0; } template < template <class, class> class Container, class Predicate, class Allocator, class A > Container<A, Allocator> filter(Container<A, Allocator> const & container, Predicate const & pred) { Container<A, Allocator> filtered(container); container.erase(remove_if(filtered.begin(), filtered.end(), pred), filtered.end()); return filtered; } int main() { int const a[] = {23, 12, 78, 21, 97, 64}; vector<int const> const v(a, a + 6); vector<int const> const filtered = filter(v, isOdd); copy(filtered.begin(), filtered.end(), ostream_iterator<int const>(cout, " ")); } However on compiling this code, I get the following error messages that I am unable to understand and hence get rid of: /usr/include/c++/4.3/ext/new_allocator.h: In instantiation of ‘__gnu_cxx::new_allocator<const int>’: /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/allocator.h:84: instantiated from ‘std::allocator<const int>’ /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/stl_vector.h:75: instantiated from ‘std::_Vector_base<const int, std::allocator<const int> >’ /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/stl_vector.h:176: instantiated from ‘std::vector<const int, std::allocator<const int> >’ Filter.cpp:29: instantiated from here /usr/include/c++/4.3/ext/new_allocator.h:82: error: ‘const _Tp* __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<_Tp>::address(const _Tp&) const [with _Tp = const int]’ cannot be overloaded /usr/include/c++/4.3/ext/new_allocator.h:79: error: with ‘_Tp* __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<_Tp>::address(_Tp&) const [with _Tp = const int]’ Filter.cpp: In function ‘Container<A, Allocator> filter(const Container<A, Allocator>&, const Predicate&) [with Container = std::vector, Predicate = bool ()(int), Allocator = std::allocator<const int>, A = const int]’: Filter.cpp:30: instantiated from here Filter.cpp:23: error: passing ‘const std::vector<const int, std::allocator<const int> >’ as ‘this’ argument of ‘__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<typename std::_Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>::_Tp_alloc_type::pointer, std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc> > std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::erase(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<typename std::_Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>::_Tp_alloc_type::pointer, std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc> >, __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<typename std::_Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>::_Tp_alloc_type::pointer, std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc> >) [with _Tp = const int, _Alloc = std::allocator<const int>]’ discards qualifiers /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/stl_algo.h: In function ‘_FIter std::remove_if(_FIter, _FIter, _Predicate) [with _FIter = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const int*, std::vector<const int, std::allocator<const int> > >, _Predicate = bool (*)(int)]’: Filter.cpp:23: instantiated from ‘Container<A, Allocator> filter(const Container<A, Allocator>&, const Predicate&) [with Container = std::vector, Predicate = bool ()(int), Allocator = std::allocator<const int>, A = const int]’ Filter.cpp:30: instantiated from here /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/stl_algo.h:821: error: assignment of read-only location ‘__result.__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<_Iterator, _Container>::operator* [with _Iterator = const int*, _Container = std::vector<const int, std::allocator<const int> >]()’ /usr/include/c++/4.3/ext/new_allocator.h: In member function ‘void __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<_Tp>::deallocate(_Tp*, size_t) [with _Tp = const int]’: /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/stl_vector.h:150: instantiated from ‘void std::_Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>::_M_deallocate(_Tp*, size_t) [with _Tp = const int, _Alloc = std::allocator<const int>]’ /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/stl_vector.h:136: instantiated from ‘std::_Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>::~_Vector_base() [with _Tp = const int, _Alloc = std::allocator<const int>]’ /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/stl_vector.h:286: instantiated from ‘std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, const _Alloc&) [with _InputIterator = const int*, _Tp = const int, _Alloc = std::allocator<const int>]’ Filter.cpp:29: instantiated from here /usr/include/c++/4.3/ext/new_allocator.h:98: error: invalid conversion from ‘const void*’ to ‘void*’ /usr/include/c++/4.3/ext/new_allocator.h:98: error: initializing argument 1 of ‘void operator delete(void*)’ /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/stl_algobase.h: In function ‘_OI std::__copy_move_a(_II, _II, _OI) [with bool _IsMove = false, _II = const int*, _OI = const int*]’: /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/stl_algobase.h:435: instantiated from ‘_OI std::__copy_move_a2(_II, _II, _OI) [with bool _IsMove = false, _II = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const int*, std::vector<const int, std::allocator<const int> > >, _OI = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const int*, std::vector<const int, std::allocator<const int> > >]’ /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/stl_algobase.h:466: instantiated from ‘_OI std::copy(_II, _II, _OI) [with _II = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const int*, std::vector<const int, std::allocator<const int> > >, _OI = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const int*, std::vector<const int, std::allocator<const int> > >]’ /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/vector.tcc:136: instantiated from ‘__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<typename std::_Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>::_Tp_alloc_type::pointer, std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc> > std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::erase(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<typename std::_Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>::_Tp_alloc_type::pointer, std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc> >, __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<typename std::_Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>::_Tp_alloc_type::pointer, std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc> >) [with _Tp = const int, _Alloc = std::allocator<const int>]’ Filter.cpp:23: instantiated from ‘Container<A, Allocator> filter(const Container<A, Allocator>&, const Predicate&) [with Container = std::vector, Predicate = bool ()(int), Allocator = std::allocator<const int>, A = const int]’ Filter.cpp:30: instantiated from here /usr/include/c++/4.3/bits/stl_algobase.h:396: error: no matching function for call to ‘std::__copy_move<false, true, std::random_access_iterator_tag>::__copy_m(const int*&, const int*&, const int*&)’ Please tell me what I am doing wrong here and what is the correct way to achieve the kind of higher order polymorphism I want. Thanks.

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• javascript scope problem when lambda function refers to a variable in enclosing loop

  - by Stefan Blixt

  First question on stackoverflow :) Hope I won't embarrass myself... I have a javascript function that loads a list of albums and then it creates a list item for each album. The list item should be clickable, so I call jQuery's click() with a function that does stuff. I do this in a loop. My problem is that all items seem to get the same click function, even though I try to make a new one that does different stuff in each iteration. Another possibility is that the iteration variable is global somehow, and the function refers to it. Code below. debug() is just an encapsulation of Firebug's console.debug(). function processAlbumList(data, c) { for (var album in data) { var newAlbum = $('<li class="albumLoader">' + data[album].title + '</li>').clone(); var clickAlbum = function() { debug("contents: " + album); }; debug("Album: " + album + "/" + data[album].title); $('.albumlist').append(newAlbum); $(newAlbum).click(clickAlbum); } } Here is a transcript of what it prints when the above function runs, after that are some debug lines caused by me clicking on different items. It always prints "10", which is the last value that the album variable takes (there are 10 albums). Album: 0/Live on radio.electro-music.com Album: 1/Doodles Album: 2/Misc Stuff Album: 3/Drawer Collection Album: 4/Misc Electronic Stuff Album: 5/Odds & Ends Album: 6/Tumbler Album: 7/Bakelit 32 Album: 8/Film Album: 9/Bakelit Album: 10/Slow Zoom/Atomic Heart contents: 10 contents: 10 contents: 10 contents: 10 contents: 10 Any ideas? Driving me up the wall, this is. :) /Stefan

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• Stacking Static Classes in PHP

  - by Ian

  Is there a way to make a static class where it has another static class as a member? E.G. Parent_Class::Child_Class::Member_function();

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• Multiple actions upon a case statement in Haskell

  - by Schroedinger

  One last question for the evening, I'm building the main input function of my Haskell program and I have to check for the args that are brought in so I use args <- getArgs case length args of 0 -> putStrLn "No Arguments, exiting" otherwise -> { other methods here} Is there an intelligent way of setting up other methods, or is it in my best interest to write a function that the other case is thrown to within the main? Or is there an even better solution to the issue of cases. I've just got to take in one name.

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• Fun with Lambdas

  - by Roman A. Taycher

  Not having them used them all that much I'm not quite sure all that lambdas/blocks can be used for (other than map/collect/do/lightweight local function syntax). If some people could post some interesting but somewhat understandable examples (with explanation). preferred languages for examples: python, smalltalk, haskell

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• Named arguments in Mathematica.

  - by dreeves

  What's the best/canonical way to define a function with optional named arguments? To make it concrete, let's create a function foo with named arguments a, b, and c, which default to 1, 2, and 3, respectively. For comparison, here's a version of foo with positional arguments: foo[a_:1, b_:2, c_:3] := bar[a,b,c] Here is sample input and output for the named-arguments version of foo: foo[] --> bar[1,2,3] foo[b->7] --> bar[1,7,3] foo[a->6, b->7, c->8] --> bar[6,7,8] It should of course also be easy to have positional arguments before the named arguments.

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• Is there a way in PHP to check if a directory is a symlink?

  - by tixrus

  The title says it all. I have symlinks to certain directories because the directories' names have non English characters that I got fed up trying to get apache's rewrite rules to match. There's a bounty on that question http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2916194/trouble-with-utf-8-chars-apache2-rewrite-rulesif anyone wants to go for it, and from the looks of things a lot of people would like to see a general solution to this problem, but meanwhile I made a plain ascii symlink to each of these offending directories. Now the rewrite rules are back to just alpha and _ and - and my security concerns are less and it loads the resources I want. But I still need the actual target directory name for display purposes. I googled "PHP directory info, PHP symlink" but didn't find anything. I need to do something like this: if (is_symlink($myResDirName)) { $realDirName = follow_symlink($myResDirName); }

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• How to explain method calls?

  - by forki23

  Hi, let's consider a small method: int MyFunction(string foo, int bar) { ... } and some calls: MyFunction("",0) int x = MyFunction(foo1,bar1) How would you explain this to a non-technical persons? Has anybody a nice metaphor? I tried to explain method calling (or function application) several times, but I failed. Seems I can't find the right words here. Regards, forki

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• Displaying a single rank in MySQL table

  - by MichaelInno

  I have a table called 'highscores' that looks like this. id udid name score 1 1111 Mike 200 2 3333 Joe 300 3 4444 Billy 50 4 0000 Loser 10 5 DDDD Face 400 Given a specific udid, I want to return the rank of that row by their score value. i.e. if udid given = 0000, I should return 5. Any idea how to write this query for a MySQL database?

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• What is lifetime of lambda-derived implicit functors in C++ ?

  - by Fyodor Soikin

  The question is simple: what is lifetime of that functor object that is automatically generated for me by the C++ compiler when I write a lambda-expression? I did a quick search, but couldn't find a satisfactory answer. In particular, if I pass the lambda somewhere, and it gets remembered there, and then I go out of scope, what's going to happen once my lambda is called later and tries to access my stack-allocated, but no longer alive, captured variables? Or does the compiler prevent such situation in some way? Or what?

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• Dealing with multiple Javascript IF statements.

  - by Joey

  Is it possible to put multiple IF statements in Javascript? If so, I'm having a fair amount of trouble with the statement below. I was wondering if you can put another IF statement in between if (data == 'valid') AND else? I want to add another if data =='concept') between the two. if (data == 'valid') { $("#file").slideUp(function () { $("#file").before('<div class="approvedMessage">WIN WIN WIN!</div>'); setTimeout(ApprovedProof, 5000); }); function ApprovedProof() { $("#file").slideDown(); $('.approvedMessage').fadeOut(); } } else { $("#file").slideUp(function () { $("#file").before('<div class="deniedMessage">NO NO NO!</div>'); setTimeout(DeniedProof, 5000); }); function DeniedProof() { $("#file").slideDown(); $('.deniedMessage').fadeOut(); } }

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• Help on understanding JS

  - by Anonymous

  I have thos piece of code: Math&&Math.random?Math.floor(Math.random()*10000000000000):Date.getTime(); And as far as i know && is logic operator for AND, so im trying to convert this into PHP and this is where i got: intval(floor(time()/10800000)%10+(rand()?floor(rand()*10000000000000):time())) The problem is that i can't understand the first part Math&& Can anyone help with this one cause i always get negative result, when i should get positive (probably the logic rand-time is not working in my php example)

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• Python: re-initialize a function's default value for subsequent calls to the function.

  - by Peter Stewart

  I have a function that calls itself to increment and decrement a stack. I need to call it a number of times, and I'd like it to work the same way in subsequent calls but, as expected, it doesn't re-use the default value. I've read that this is a newbie trap and I've seen suggested solutions, but I haven't been able to make any solution work. It would be nice to be able to "fun.reset" def a(x, stack = [None]): print x,' ', stack if x > 5: temp = stack.pop() if x <=5: stack.append(1) if stack == []: return a(x + 1) print a(0) print a(2) #second call print a(3) #third call I expected this to work, but it doesn't. print a(0, [None]) print a(2, [None]) #second call print a(3, [None]) #third call Can I reset the function to it's initial state? Any help would be appreciated.

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• What is a RECURSIVE Function in PHP?

  - by Imran

  Can anyone please explain a recursive function to me in PHP (without using Fibonacci) in layman language and using examples? i was looking at an example but the Fibonacci totally lost me! Thank you in advance ;-) Also how often do you use them in web development?

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• JRuby: how to call a Java variadic function without optional arguments

  - by Vincent Robert

  I have a function with a signature similar to String.format(String, Object...). I want to call this function from JRuby without the last parameters (since it is optional), but my code throws an ArgumentError (wrong # of arguments(1 for 2)) Is there a way to call this function with only 1 argument just like I would do in Java?

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• Compiler/Linking Error: Freedup

  - by nym

  I've been trying to compile a program for hardlinking duplicate files called freedup. I did try to email the author/maintainer of the program, but it's been a long time and I haven't heard anything back from him. I'm trying to compile the program from a cygwin environment using the latest stable versions of gcc (3.4.4-999) and make (3.81-2). I've tried deleting all the object files and running make, but I always get the following error: freedup.o: In function 'main': /home/[user]/freedup-1.5/freedup.c:1791: undefined reference to '_hashed' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: * * * [freedup] Error 1 I did take a look at the source code and saw that the "hashed" function is an inline function (which I didn't think had to be declared outside of the source file... but that's just what I gathered from some preliminary googling). If anyone would be kind enough to try compiling this program in a windows environment and has any luck, I'd really appreciate it. Thanks The direct link for the source files is: http://freedup.org/freedup-1.5-3-src.tgz

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• python report generator from a pdf file

  - by joven

  I have a PDF copy of a file for creating a report. Based on this form, we will generate a report. Is there any way that I can fill out the needed fields on the PDF form using python? How?

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• WPF: Can I use VisualStateManager to change alignment?

  - by kennethkryger

  Hi, I've got this "object-stack" - Window --- Grid (VerticalAlignment = Stretch) ----- Border (VerticalAlignment = Stretch OR Top) The Border a primitive UserControl right now to keep things simple for me. I'd like to be able to use the VisualStateManager to toggle the VerticalAlignment-property of the Border, so that the "Normal-state" equals VerticalAlignment.Top and "Expanded-state" equals VerticalAlignment.Stretch. Is this possible? Also, I'd like to use an easing function, when swithing between the two states.

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