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• Typing numbers on a MacBook Pro with AZERTY keyboard with Caps Lock — possible?

  - by Mathias Bynens

  I have a Belgian AZERTY keyboard on my MacBook Pro. Sadly, it appears to be impossible to use Caps Lock to type numbers — I still need to hold Shift for every number I want to type. Is it possible to change the Caps Lock key’s function to Shift Lock so that it affects the whole keyboard rather than just the letters? I’d like to be able to type numbers without holding Shift.

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• Incremental RPM package version "numbers" for x.y.z > x.y.z-beta (or alpha, rc, etc)

  - by Jonathan Clarke

  In order to publish RPM packages of several different versions of some software, I'm looking for a way to specify version "numbers" that are considered "upgrades", and include the differentiation of several pre-release versions, such as (in order): "2.4.0 alpha 1", "2.4.0 alpha 2", "2.4.0 alpha 3", "2.4.0 beta 1", "2.4.0 beta 2", "2.4.0 release candidate", "2.4.0 final", "2.4.1", "2.4.2", etc. The main issue I have with this is that RPM considers that "2.4.0" comes earlier than "2.4.0.alpha1", so I can't just add the suffix on the end of the final version number. I could try "2.4.0.alpha1", "2.4.0.beta1", "2.4.0.final", which would work, except for the "release candidate" that would be considered later than "2.4.0.final". An alternative I considered is using the "epoch:" section of the RPM version number (the epoch: prefix is considered before the main version number so that "1:2.4.0" is actually earlier than "2:1.0.0"). By putting a timestamp in the epoch: field, all the versions get ordered as expected by RPM, because their versions appear to increment in time. However, this fails when new releases are made on several major versions at the same time (for example, 2.3.2 is released after 2.4.0, but their version for RPM are "20121003:2.3.2" and "20120928:2.4.0" and systems on 2.3.2 can't get "upgraded" to 2.4.0, because rpm sees it as an older version). In this case, yum/zypper/etc refuse to upgrade to 2.4.0, thus my problem. What version numbers can I use to achieve this, and make sure that RPM always considers the version numbers to be in order. Or if not version numbers, other mechanism in RPM packaging? Note 1: I would like to keep the "Release:" field of the spec file for it's original purpose (several releases of packages, including packaging changes, for the same version of the packaged software). Note 2: This should work on current production versions of major distributions, such as RHEL/CentOS 6 and SLES 11. But I'm interested in solutions that don't, too, so long as they don't involve recompiling rpm! Note 3: On Debian-like systems, dpkg uses a special component in the version number which is the "~" (tilde) character. This causes dpkg to count the suffix as "negative" ordering, so that "2.4.0~anything" will come before "2.4.0". Then, normal ordering applies after the "~", so "2.4.0~alpha1" comes before "2.4.0~beta1" because "alpha" comes before "beta" alphabetically. I'm not necessarily looking to use the same scheme for RPM packages (I'm pretty sure no such equivalent exists), so this is just FYI.

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• Using ADO.NET Entities LINQ Provider to model complex SQL Queries?

  - by Ivan Zlatanov

  What I find really powerful in ADO.NET Entities or LINQ to SQL, is the ability to model complex queries. I really don't need the mappings that Entities or LINQ to SQL are doing for me - I just need the ability to model complex expressions that can be translated into T-SQL. My question is - am I abusing too much? Can I use the Entity Framework for modeling queries and just that? Should I? I know I can write my own custom LINQ to SQL provider, but that is just not possible to handle in the time spans I have. What is the best approach to model complex T-SQL queries? How do you handle conditional group byes, orders, joins, unions etc in the OOP world? Using StringBuilders for this kind of job feels too ugly and harder to maintain given the possibilities we have with Expression Trees. When I use StringBuilder to model a complex SQL Query I feel kind of guilty! I feel the same way as when I have to hard code any number into my code that is different than 0 or 1. Feeling that makes you ask yourself if there is a better and cleaner way of doing it... I must mention that I am using C# 4.0, but I am not specifically looking for an answer in this language, but rather in the domain of CLR 4.

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• Any examples of a complex, changeable system modelled with a spreadsheet?

  - by andygrunt

  When I asked this question using games as the example (hoping it would be more likely to have been done), it was closed as being off topic so let me ask it this way... Has anyone used a spreadsheet to model a complex, changeable system (something like crowd behaviour, weather systems, a closed ecology, evolution or whatever) and if so, can you point me at it? I'm hoping for a normal (albeit complex) spreadsheet using the spready's inbuilt formulae and functions rather than something specially coded. I'm also after something where it's possible to change the variables and see the changed outcome - perhaps the variables change using random numbers or the like.

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• Using C struct without including header file

  - by shams

  My basic problem is that I want to use some structs and functions defined in a header file by not including that header file in my code. The header file is generated by a tool. Since I don't have access to the header file, I can't include it in my program. Here's a simple example of my scenario: first.h #ifndef FIRST_H_GUARD #define FIRST_H_GUARD typedef struct ComplexS { float real; float imag; } Complex; Complex add(Complex a, Complex b); // Other structs and functions #endif first.c #include "first.h" Complex add(Complex a, Complex b) { Complex res; res.real = a.real + b.real; res.imag = a.imag + b.imag; return res; } my_program.c // I cannot/do not want to include the first.h header file here // but I want to use the structs and functions from the first.h #include <stdio.h> int main() { Complex a; a.real = 3; a.imag = 4; Complex b; b.real = 6; b.imag = 2; Complex c = add(a, b); printf("Result (%4.2f, %4.2f)\n", c.real, c.imag); return 0; } My intention is to build an executable for my_program and then use the linker to link up the executables. Is what I want to achieve possible in C?

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• If Scheme is untyped, how can it have numbers and lists?

  - by Dokkat

  Scheme is said to be just an extension of the Untyped Lambda Calculus (correct me if I am wrong). If that is the case, how can it have Lists and Numbers? Those, to me, look like 2 base types. So I'd say Racket is actually an extension of the Simply Typed Lambda Calculus. No? Question: Is Scheme's type system actually based or more similar to Simply Typed or Untyped Lambda Calculus? In what ways does it differ from Untyped and or Simply Typed Lambda Calculus? (The same question is valid for "untyped" languages such as Python and JavaScript - all of which look like they have base types to me.)

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• Forked a project, where do my version numbers start?

  - by TheLQ

  I have forked a project and have changed lots of it. This fork isn't just a small feature change here and a buried bug fix there, its a pretty substantial change. Only most of the core code is shared. I forked this project at v2.5.0. For a while I've started versioning my fork at v3.0 . However I'm not sure if this is the right way, mainly because when that project hits v3.0, things get confusing. But I don't want to start over at v1.0 or v0.1 because that implies infancy, instability, and non-refindness of a project. This isn't true, as most of the core code is very refined and stable. I'm really lost on what to do, so I ask here: Whats the standard way to deal with this kind of situation? Do most forks start over again, bump up version numbers, or do something else that I'm not aware of.

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• How could Load average numbers from 'htop' exceed 100% CPU utlization?

  - by Joe Huang

  I use 'htop' to monitor my web server. It's recently quite loaded and the Load average is showing something like this: Load average: 3.10 2.56 1.63 I searched the web about these numbers and I found an article about it: http://blog.scoutapp.com/articles/2009/07/31/understanding-load-averages In the article, it says if I have 2 CPUs, 2.0 means 100% CPU utilization. And my VPS has two CPUs, so what does 3.1 mean? How could it exceed 100% CPU utilization? And from these numbers, does it mean I should be wary about the loading now? But the performance seems totally fine, and this is a managed VPS, the hosting company has not notified me any warning about it. During day time, Load average always show these high numbers... here is another snapshot while writing. Load average: 3.03 2.77 1.97 Load average: 0.41 1.29 1.60 <---- 5 more minutes later So I am wondering how much room left for this site to grow in current configurations? What kind of proactive actions I should take in advance? I don't want to wait until the server bursts. Thanks.

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• Would it be a good idea to work on letting people add arrays of numbers in javascript?

  - by OneThreeSeven

  I am a very mathematically oriented programmer, and I happen to be doing a lot of java script these days. I am really disappointed in the math aspects of javascript: the Math object is almost a joke because it has so few methods you can't use ^ for exponentiation the + operator is very limited, you cant add array's of numbers or do scalar multiplication on arrays Now I have written some pretty basic extensions to the Math object and have considered writing a library of advanced Math features, amazingly there doesn't seem to be any sort of standard library already out even for calculus, although there is one for vectors and matricies I was able find. The notation for working with vectors and matricies is really bad when you can't use the + operator on arrays, and you cant do scalar multiplication. For example, here is a hideous expression for subtracting two vectors, A - B: Math.vectorAddition(A,Math.scalarMultiplication(-1,B)); I have been looking for some kind of open-source project to contribute to for awhile, and even though my C++ is a bit rusty I would very much like to get into the code for V8 engine and extend the + operator to work on arrays, to get scalar multiplication to work, and possibly to get the ^ operator to work for exponentiation. These things would greatly enhance the utility of any mathematical javascript framework. I really don't know how to get involved in something like the V8 engine other than download the code and start working on it. Of course I'm afraid that since V8 is chrome specific, that without browser cross-compatibility a fundamental change of this type is likely to be rejected for V8. I was hoping someone could either tell me why this is a bad idea, or else give me some pointers about how to proceed at this point to get some kind of approval to add these features. Thanks!

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• Ubuntu 12.04 - syslog showing "SGI XFS with ACLs, security attributes, realtime, large block/inode numbers, no debug enabled"

  - by Tom G

  I have been seeing these random logs in syslog on our production system. There is no XFS setup. Fstab only shows local partitions, only EXT3 . There is nothing in crontabs either. The only file system related package I have installed is 'nfs-kernel-server' Kernel version is 3.2.0-31-generic . kernel: [601730.795990] SGI XFS with ACLs, security attributes, realtime, large block/inode numbers, no debug enabled kernel: [601730.798710] SGI XFS Quota Management subsystem kernel: [601730.828493] JFS: nTxBlock = 8192, nTxLock = 65536 kernel: [601730.897024] NTFS driver 2.1.30 [Flags: R/O MODULE]. kernel: [601730.964412] QNX4 filesystem 0.2.3 registered. kernel: [601731.035679] Btrfs loaded os-prober: debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/10freedos on mounted /dev/vda1 10freedos: debug: /dev/vda1 is not a FAT partition: exiting os-prober: debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/10qnx on mounted /dev/vda1 10qnx: debug: /dev/vda1 is not a QNX4 partition: exiting os-prober: debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/20macosx on mounted /dev/vda1 macosx-prober: debug: /dev/vda1 is not an HFS+ partition: exiting os-prober: debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/20microsoft on mounted /dev/vda1 20microsoft: debug: /dev/vda1 is not a MS partition: exiting os-prober: debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/30utility on mounted /dev/vda1 30utility: debug: /dev/vda1 is not a FAT partition: exiting os-prober: debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/40lsb on mounted /dev/vda1 debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/70hurd on mounted /dev/vda1 debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/80minix on mounted /dev/vda1 debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/83haiku on mounted /dev/vda1 83haiku: debug: /dev/vda1 is not a BeFS partition: exiting os-prober: debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/90bsd-distro on mounted /dev/vda1 83haikuos-prober: debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/90linux-distro on mounted /dev/vda1 os-prober: debug: running /usr/lib/os-probes/mounted/90solaris on mounted /dev/vda1 os-prober: debug: /dev/vda2: is active swap Why would this randomly show up? This also spawns multiple "jfsCommit" processes.

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• Adding negative and positive numbers in java without BigInt.

  - by liamg

  Hi, i'm trying to write a small java class. I have an object called BigNumber. I wrote method that add two positive numbers, and other method that subract two also positive numbers. Now i want them to handle negative numbers. So the i wrote couple of 'if' statements eg. if (this.sign == 1 /* means '+' */) { if (sn1.sign == 1) { if (this.compare(sn1) == -1 /* means this < sn1 */ ) return sn1.add(this); else return this.add(sn1); } etc. Unfortunately the code looks just ugly. Like a bush of if's and elses. Is there a better way to write that kind of code? Edit i can't just do this.add(sn1) beacuse sometimes i want to add positive number to negative one or negitve to negative. But add can handle only positive numbers. So i have to use basic math and for example: instead of add negative number to negative number i add this.abs() (absolute value of number) to sn1.abs() and return the result with opposite sign. Drew: this lines are from method _add. I use this method to decide what to do with numbers it receive. Send them to add method? Or send them to subract method but with different order (sn1.subtract(this))? And so on.. if (this.sign == 1) { if (sn1.sign == 1) { if (this.compare(sn1) == -1) return sn1.add(this); else return this.add(sn1); } else if (wl1.sign == 0) return this; else { if (this.compare(sn1.abs()) == 1) return this.subtract(sn1.abs()); else if (this.compare(sn1.abs()) == 0) return new BigNumber(0); else return sn1.abs().subtract(this).negate(); // return the number with opposite sign; } } else if (this.sign == 0) return sn1; else { if (wl1.sign == 1) { if (this.abs().compare(sn1) == -1) return sn1.subtract(this.abs()); else if (this.abs().compare(sn1) == 0) return new BigNumber(0); else return this.abs().subtract(sn1).negate(); } else if (sn1.sign == 0) return this; else return (this.abs().add(wl1.abs())).negate(); } As you can see - this code looks horrible..

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• How can I use Web Services Core to send a complex type as a parameter to a SOAP API method

  - by Matthew Brindley

  I don't do much Cocoa programming, so I'm probably missing something obvious, so please excuse the basic question. I have a SOAP method that expects a complex type as a paramater. Here's some WSDL: <s:element name="SaveTestResult"> <s:complexType> <s:sequence> <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="result" type="tns:TestItemResponse" /> </s:sequence> </s:complexType> </s:element> Here's the definition of the complex type "TestItemResponse": <s:complexType name="TestItemResponse"> <s:sequence> <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="TestItemRequestId" type="s:int" /> <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="ExternalId" type="s:int" /> <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ApiId" type="s:string" /> <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="InboxGuid" type="s:string" /> <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="SpamResult" type="tns:SpamResult" /> <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ResultImageSet" type="tns:ResultImageSet" /> <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="ExclusiveUseMailAccountId" type="s:int" /> <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="State" type="tns:TestItemResponseState" /> <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ErrorShortDescription" type="s:string" /> <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ErrorFullDescription" type="s:string" /> </s:sequence> </s:complexType> I've been using Web Services Core to call a SOAP API method that requires a simple string param, that works great. That same method returns a complex type which WSC converted into nested NSDictionaries, so no problems there. So I assumed I'd be able to convert my local TestItemResponse class into an NSDictionary and then use that as the complex type param. It almost worked, but unfortunately WSC set the object's type as "Dictionary", instead of "TestItemResponse", and the server complained. <TestItemResponse xsi:type=\"SOAP-ENC:Dictionary\"> <ErrorFullDescription xsi:type=\"xsd:string\">foo</ErrorFullDescription> ... I can't seem to find anything that allows you to override the type WSC assigns to the element in the SOAP XML. I've been using code adapted from here, I'm happy to list it, it's just quite long and this is already the longest SO question I've ever posted.

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• How to manage and make look of complex data <table> identical in all browser?

  - by metal-gear-solid

  What are helpful CSS properties which can be helpful for table? I have to make so many complex tables which have different type of colors in columns, thead, borders, padding, alternate row and column colors etc. I want to use as less as possible of css classes. How to make complex tables design with combination of as much as possible of HTML tags and CSS properties? and should look identical in all browsers.

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• Can PHP and Oracle pass complex types to each other?

  - by RenderIn

  I want to pass/bind an array of (key1, key2) to an Oracle PL/SQL stored procedure using PHP. I'm able to bind primitive types and arrays of primitive types, but haven't found a way to pass complex datatypes back and forth. Is this unsupported? So far I've been having to pass along multiple arrays -- one for each subtype in my complex type -- and then depend on their indexes to reconstitute them in the procedure.

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• Ways to determine size of complex object in .NET?

  - by Polaris878

  Are there ways at determining the total size of a complex object in .NET? This object is composed of other objects and might hold references to other complex objects. Some of the objects encapsulated by this object might be POD, others may not.

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• How can you transform a set of numbers into mostly whole ones?

  - by Alice

  Small amount of background: I am working on a converter that bridges between a map maker (Tiled) that outputs in XML, and an engine (Angel2D) that inputs lua tables. Most of this is straight forward However, Tiled outputs in pixel offsets (integers of absolute values), while Angel2D inputs OpenGL units (floats of relative values); a conversion factor between these two is needed (for example, 32px = 1gu). Since OpenGL units are abstract, and the camera can zoom in or out if the objects are too small or big, the actual conversion factor isn't important; I could use a random number, and the user would merely have to zoom in or out. But it would be best if the conversion factor was selected such that most numbers outputted were small and whole (or fractions of small whole numbers), because that makes it easier to work with (and the whole point of the OpenGL units is that they are easy to work with). How would I find such a conversion factor reliably? My first attempt was to use the smallest number given; this resulted in no fractions below 1, but often lead to lots of decimal places where the factors didn't line up. Then I tried the mode of the sequence, which lead to the largest number of 1's possible, but often lead to very long floats for background images. My current approach gets the GCD of the whole sequence, which, when it works, works great, but can easily be thrown off course by a single bad apple. Note that while I could easily just pass the numbers I am given along, or pick some fixed factor, or use one of the conversions I specified above, I am looking for a method to reliably scale this list of integers to small, whole numbers or simple fractions, because this would most likely be unsurprising to the end user; this is not a one off conversion. The end users tend to use 1.0 as their "base" for manipulations (because it's simple and obvious), so it would make more sense for the sizes of entities to cluster around this.

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• SQL query to translate a list of numbers matched against several ranges, to a list of values

  - by Claes Mogren

  I need to convert a list of numbers that fall within certain ranges into a list of values, ordered by a priority column. The table has the following values: | YEAR | R_MIN | R_MAX | VAL | PRIO | ------------------------------------ 2010 18000 90100 52 6 2010 240000 240099 82 3 2010 250000 259999 50 5 2010 260000 260010 92 1 2010 330000 330010 73 4 2010 330011 370020 50 5 2010 380000 380050 84 2 The ranges will be different for different years. The ranges within one year will never overlap. The input will be a year and a list of numbers that might fall within one these ranges. The list of input number will be small, 1 to 10 numbers. Example of input numbers: (20000, 240004, 375000, 255000) With that input I would like to get a list ordered by the priority column, or a single value: 82 50 52 The only value I'm interested in here is 82, so UNIQUE and MAX_RESULTS=1 would do. It can easily be done with one query per number, and then sorting it in the Java code, but I would prefer to do it in a single SQL query. What SQL query, to be run in an Oracle database, would give me the desired result?

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• What are the constraints on Cocoa Framework version numbers?

  - by Joe

  We're distributing a Cocoa framework with regular updates. We'll be updating the version numbers with each release. The Apple documentation appears to suggest that version numbers should be consecutive incrementing integers. We are distributing output in several formats, and the framework is only one of them. We would rather not have to maintain a separate numbering system just for our frameworks. We don't really care about the precise format of the version numbers of the framework, so long as they change whenever the product changes, and behave in a correct and expected manner. I'm looking for a sensible and correct way of avoiding having to run a separate version number counter. One suggestion is that for product version 12.34.56 we could simply remove the dots and say the framework version is 123456. Is there a constraint on the type of number that can be represented (uint? long?) Does it have to be a number? Could it be a string? Do the numbers have to be consecutive? Is there a standard way of doing things in this situation?

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• This program isn't asking for the predetermined 5 numbers from the array?

  - by user1801781

  Okay, so this question is difficult to state. I'm a beginner at C++, and I rarely run into problems with these simple assignments, but something is majorly wrong here and I cannot identify it. I've been trying for hours. This program is supposed to read 5 numbers from an array that the user enters, and then print the largest one. (I know it's easier to just write a for-loop, but our professor wanted us to call a function). The only problem is that instead of asking for 5 numbers, it asks for 2. It works other than that, I JUST NEED IT TO ASK FOR 5 NUMBERS. haha. Your input would be greatly appreciated. I aspire to be a programmer one day, so don't be afraid to go harsh on me. #include <iostream> using namespace std; int largest_number(int score[], int max) { for (int i=1; i<5; i++) { cin >> score[i]; if(score[i] > max) max=score[i]; return (max); } } int main () { int score[5], max, z; cout << "Enter 5 numbers: " <<endl; cin >> score[0]; max = score[0]; z = largest_number(score, max); cout << "The largest number is: " << z <<endl; system("pause"); return 0; }

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• What is this algorithm for converting strings into numbers called?

  - by CodexArcanum

  I've been doing some work in Parsec recently, and for my toy language I wanted multi-based fractional numbers to be expressible. After digging around in Parsec's source a bit, I found their implementation of a floating-point number parser, and copied it to make the needed modifications. So I understand what this code does, and vaguely why (I haven't worked out the math fully yet, but I think I get the gist). But where did it come from? This seems like a pretty clever way to turn strings into floats and ints, is there a name for this algorithm? Or is it just something basic that's a hole in my knowledge? Did the folks behind Parsec devise it? Here's the code, first for integers: number' :: Integer -> Parser Integer number' base = do { digits <- many1 ( oneOf ( sigilRange base )) ; let n = foldl (\x d -> base * x + toInteger (convertDigit base d)) 0 digits ; seq n (return n) } So the basic idea here is that digits contains the string representing the whole number part, ie "192". The foldl converts each digit individually into a number, then adds that to the running total multiplied by the base, which means that by the end each digit has been multiplied by the correct factor (in aggregate) to position it. The fractional part is even more interesting: fraction' :: Integer -> Parser Double fraction' base = do { digits <- many1 ( oneOf ( sigilRange base )) ; let base' = fromIntegral base ; let f = foldr (\d x -> (x + fromIntegral (convertDigit base d))/base') 0.0 digits ; seq f (return f) Same general idea, but now a foldr and using repeated division. I don't quite understand why you add first and then divide for the fraction, but multiply first then add for the whole. I know it works, just haven't sorted out why. Anyway, I feel dumb not working it out myself, it's very simple and clever looking at it. Is there a name for this algorithm? Maybe the imperative version using a loop would be more familiar?

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• How do I pipe a list of numbers straight from the shell into a command?

  - by learnvst

  How do I pipe a list of numbers straight from the shell into a command? For exampe something like this [1,2,3,4] | sort would give 1 2 3 4 EDIT: In response to the answers kindly posted so far . . . I ask this, because I want to quickly test and debug a console application that takes many numbers as it input without having to type lots of individual values followed by carriage returns. I'd like to just type in the 'one liner' and hit the up arrow now and then to replay the command. Ideally, I'd like to do this without using a text file containing the values (which would obviously be the most simple way to do this.)

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• What is the meaning of those numbers in the second column after typing "ls -l"?

  - by Nick Dong

  drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 29 16:44 db drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 29 16:44 djproject -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 38 Jun 29 16:44 index.html drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 29 16:44 jobs -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 252 Jun 29 16:44 manage.py drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jun 29 16:44 templates What is the meaning of those numbers in the second column? Do they have some relation to file and folder permissions? How do I change the numbers?

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• What approaches can I take to lower the odds of introducing new bugs in a complex legacy app?

  - by m.edmondson

  Where I work I often have to develop (and bug fix) in an old system (.NET 1) whos code is complete spaghetti - with little thought given to variable names, program structure nor comments. Because of this it takes me ages to understand what bits need changed, and I often 'break' the existing software because I've made a modification. I really really want to spend a couple of months (with colleagues) going through it to refactor but existing developers both can't see the need - nor think theres time for this (the system is massive). I dread having to work on its code as it takes days to fix something only to find out I've broken something else. This obviously makes me look incompetent - so how can I deal with this?

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• Can a candidate be judged by asking to write a complex program on "paper"?

  - by iammilind

  Sometime back in an interview, I was asked to write following program: In a keypad of a mobile phone, there is a mapping between number and characters. e.g. 0 & 1 corresponds to nothing; 2 corresponds to 'a','b','c'; 3 corresponds to 'd','e','f'; ...; 9 corresponds to 'w','x','y','z'. User should input any number (e.g. 23, 389423, 927348923747293) and I should store all the combinations of these character mapping into some data structure. For example, if user enters "23" then possible character combinations are: ad, ae, af, bd, be, bf, cd, ce, cf or if user enters, "4676972" then it can be, gmpmwpa, gmpmwpb, ..., hnroxrc, ..., iosozrc Interviewer told that people have written code for this within 20-30 mins!! Also he insisted I have to write on paper. If I am writing a code then my tendency is as of I am writing production code, even though it may not be expected from me. So, I always try to think all the aspects like, optimization, readability, maintainability, extensible and so on. Considering all these, I felt that I should be writing on PC and it needs decent 2 hours. Finally after 25 mins, I was able to come up with just the concept and some shattered pieces of code (not to mention of my rejection). My question is not the answer for the above program. I want to know that is this a right way to judge the caliber of a person ? Am I wrong / too slow in the estimates ? Am I too idealistic ?

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• An observation on .NET loops – foreach, for, while, do-while

  It’s very common that .NET programmers use “foreach” loop for iterating through collections. Following is my observation whilst I was testing simple scenario on loops. “for” loop is 30% faster than “foreach” and “while” loop is 50% faster than “foreach”. “do-while” is bit faster than “while”. Someone may feel that how does it make difference if I’m iterating only 1000 times in a loop. This test case is only for simple iteration. According to the "Data structure" concepts, best and worst cases are completely based on the data we provide to the algorithm. so we can not conclude that a "foreach" algorithm is not good. All I want to tell that we need to be little cautious even choosing the loops. Example:- You might want to chose quick sort when you want to sort more numbers. At the same time bubble sort may be effective than quick sort when you want to sort less numbers. Take a simple scenario, a request of a simple web application fetches the data of 10000 (10K) rows and iterating them for some business logic. Think, this application is being accessed by 1000 (1K) people simultaneously. In this simple scenario you are ending up with 10000000 (10Million or 1 Crore) iterations. below is the test scenario with simple console application to test 100 Million records. using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Diagnostics;namespace ConsoleApplication1{ class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { var sw = new Stopwatch(); var numbers = GetSomeNumbers(); sw.Start(); foreach (var item in numbers) { } sw.Stop(); Console.WriteLine( String.Format("\"foreach\" took {0} milliseconds", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds)); sw.Reset(); sw.Start(); for (int i = 0; i < numbers.Count; i++) { } sw.Stop(); Console.WriteLine( String.Format("\"for\" loop took {0} milliseconds", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds)); sw.Reset(); sw.Start(); var it = 0; while (it++ < numbers.Count) { } sw.Stop(); Console.WriteLine( String.Format("\"while\" loop took {0} milliseconds", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds)); sw.Reset(); sw.Start(); var it2 = 0; do { } while (it2++ < numbers.Count); sw.Stop(); Console.WriteLine( String.Format("\"do-while\" loop took {0} milliseconds", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds)); } #region Get me 10Crore (100 Million) numbers private static List<int> GetSomeNumbers() { var lstNumbers = new List<int>(); var count = 100000000; for (var i = 1; i <= count; i++) { lstNumbers.Add(i); } return lstNumbers; } #endregion Get me some numbers }} In above example, I was just iterating through 100 Million numbers. You can see the time to execute various  loops provided in .NET Output "foreach" took 1108 milliseconds "for" loop took 727 milliseconds "while" loop took 596 milliseconds "do-while" loop took 594 milliseconds   Press any key to continue . . . So I feel we need to be careful while choosing the looping strategy. Please comment your thoughts. span.fullpost {display:none;}

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