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  • Should I use OpenGL while working with the C++ Software?

    - by Paralytic
    I am completely new to programming and game development for that matter. I am using the C++ software to create my Game Engine with the help of a beginners guide. I noticed it has a OpenGL option when starting up a new project. I've heard of OpenGL pertaining to game development, not sure what it is though. Should I be using OpenGL when creating my Game Engine? Will it matter if I just start with a blank slate?

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  • Expression Engine vs Drupal for Theming

    - by user793011
    Ive been using Drupal for years and now with work need to learn Expression Engine. Im interested in the comparison of Drupal and Expression Engine, but purely from a theming point of view (Ive no doubt Drupal is more powerful for development). Does anyone have any insights? It seems EE does give you more control over the exact html outputted, but is this necessary? I design my graphics first and Ive always been able to make exactly what I wanted in Drupal (some theme overrides could be easier, but ive got there in the end). Thanks

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  • App Engine: Easier auth with OAuth2Decorator

    App Engine: Easier auth with OAuth2Decorator Here on the App Engine team, we're always trying to make it easier to call Google APIs from within your application. Using the library google-api-python-client, API calls can be a breeze, but performing authentication and authorization can sometimes (often?) take 50% of development time! We'll show how to get up and running with OAuth2Decorator to make auth as easy as the rest of the library. From: GoogleDevelopers Views: 0 0 ratings Time: 00:00 More in Science & Technology

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  • Search Engine Optimization Crucial For Site Page Rank

    Search engine optimization is a process to drive traffic to your blog or sites. Search engines are the best way to give you the traffic that will boost your product sell. And as per the internet marketing is concern the search engine optimization is best way. The reward are numerous but the two that stand out are; you blog will rank higher and you will generate traffic directly proportional to higher selling of your product. For a long time now sitemaps have assisted online business people achieve webpage site optimization.

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  • Managing different utility classes between engine and libraries

    - by hayer
    I'm currently in updating some engine code (which does not work, so it is more like creating a engine). I've decided to swap over to SFML (instead of my own crappy renderer, window manager, and audio), Box2D (since I need physics, but have none), and some small utilities I've built myself. The problem is that each of the project mentioned over use different types for things like Vector2, etc. So to the question: is it a good idea to replace Box2D and SFML vectors with my own vector class (which is one of my better implementations)? My idea then was to have a separate .lib with all my classes that should be shared between all the projects in the solution.

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  • Basic/research RTS engine/model

    - by XTF
    Does a basic/research RTS engine/model exist that can be used as a basis for further experimentation/research? I'd like to avoid reinventing the wheel if possible. I'm aware of Spring Engine and Stratagus, but those are real game engines and may not be the best to experiment with and learn from. Ideally the docs for the model would answer questions like: How exactly do units move? (constant velocity? constant acceleration? constant force?) How is pathfinding handled? Does every grid cell become an A* graph node (may be expensive)? Does it consider threats? How are groups handled? (w.r.t pathfinding and movement) How is combat handled? I'm mostly interested in the low-level model details (for now), not the graphics etc. I've read a lot of the other quesions (and answers/references) tagged RTS but I haven't found my answer yet.

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  • Should I use OpenGL while working with C++?

    - by Paralytic
    I am completely new to programming and game development for that matter. I am using the C++ software to create my Game Engine with the help of a beginners guide. I noticed it has a OpenGL option when starting up a new project. I've heard of OpenGL pertaining to game development, not sure what it is though. Should I be using OpenGL when creating my Game Engine? Will it matter if I just start with a blank slate?

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  • Grails Warnings/Errors during run-app

    - by Taylor L
    I'm currently seeing the warnings below when trying to run my Google App Engine/Grails test app in Eclipse. Warning, target causing name overwriting of name startLogging Warning: C:\Users\Some Person.grails\1.2.0\projects\test-grails\plugins\app-engine-0.8.8\grails-app\conf\spring not found. Warning: C:\Users\Some Person.grails\1.2.0\projects\test-grails\plugins\app-engine-0.8.8\grails-app\conf not found. Warning: C:\Users\Some Person.grails\1.2.0\projects\test-grails\plugins\app-engine-0.8.8\grails-app\conf\hibernate not found. Here is the output from the console: Base Directory: C:\Users\Some Person\workspace\test-grails Resolving dependencies... Dependencies resolved in 1160ms. Running script C:\grails-1.2.0\scripts\RunApp.groovy Environment set to development Warning, target causing name overwriting of name startLogging [groovyc] Compiling 1 source file to C:\Users\Some Person\workspace\test-grails\web-app\WEB-INF\classes [copy] Copying 1 file to C:\Users\Some Person\.grails\1.2.0\projects\test-grails [copy] Copying 1 file to C:\Users\Some Person\workspace\test-grails\web-app\WEB-INF Configuring persistence for AppEngine [copy] Warning: C:\Users\Some Person\.grails\1.2.0\projects\test-grails\plugins\app-engine-0.8.8\grails-app\conf\spring not found. [copy] Warning: C:\Users\Some Person\.grails\1.2.0\projects\test-grails\plugins\app-engine-0.8.8\grails-app\conf not found. [copy] Warning: C:\Users\Some Person\.grails\1.2.0\projects\test-grails\plugins\app-engine-0.8.8\grails-app\conf\hibernate not found. I get this error after creating a Grails project with Spring Tools Suite (STS) and then installing the app-engine plugin "grails install-plugin app-engine". Before, I install the app-engine plugin the Grails project runs correctly. Any ideas how to resolve these warnings?

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  • google app engine (python): ImportError no module named django.

    - by Phil
    So I'm trying to use the django 1.1 template engine with the google app engine web app framework, from here. This is on Ubuntu Jaunty, I've made sure that the PYTHONPATH contains the location of Django-1.1.1 yet I'm getting this 'ImportError: No module named django' error when it tries to execute the use_library() line below. Again, could somebody help me? I'm stumped. import os os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'settings' from google.appengine.dist import use_library use_library('django', '1.1')

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  • How do you determine an acceptable response time for App Engine DB requests?

    - by qiq
    According to this discussion of Google App Engine on Hacker News, A DB (read) request takes over 100ms on the datastore. That's insane and unusable for about 90% of applications. How do you determine what is an acceptable response time for a DB read request? I have been using App Engine without noticing any issues with DB responsiveness. But, on the other hand, I'm not sure I would even know what to look for in that regard :)

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  • How do I authenticate in Google App Engine with SVNKit?

    - by corgrath
    Creating a default authication manager with SVNKit requires access to the file system. SVNURL svnurl = SVNURL.parseURIEncoded(url); SVNRepository repository = SVNRepositoryFactory.create(svnurl); // Authentication ISVNAuthenticationManager authManager = SVNWCUtil.createDefaultAuthenticationManager(name, password); repository.setAuthenticationManager(authManager); In Google App Engine, you can't create/write files. How do I authenticate myself in Google App Engine?

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  • How to write a Web Service for Google App Engine?

    - by Martin
    Hello all, I am simply wondering how to write a Web Service (XML - SOAP) for Google App Engine? I am really new with Python and I have been looking for example for a while, but no chance. Does anybody could point me out any article or simply could give me an example of a Web Service in Python with Google App Engine? Thanks!

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  • SSAO Distortion

    - by Robert Xu
    I'm currently (attempting) to add SSAO to my engine, except it's...not really work, to say the least. I use a deferred renderer to render my scene. I have four render targets: Albedo, Light, Normal, and Depth. Here are the parameters for all of them (Surface Format, Depth Format): Albedo: 32-bit ARGB, Depth24Stencil8 Light: 32-bit ARGB, None Normal: 32-bit ARGB, None Depth: 8-bit R (Single), Depth24Stencil8 To generate my random noise map for the SSAO, I do the following for each pixel in the noise map: Vector3 v3 = Vector3.Zero; double z = rand.NextDouble() * 2.0 - 1.0; double r = Math.Sqrt(1.0 - z * z); double angle = rand.NextDouble() * MathHelper.TwoPi; v3.X = (float)(r * Math.Cos(angle)); v3.Y = (float)(r * Math.Sin(angle)); v3.Z = (float)z; v3 += offset; v3 *= 0.5f; result[i] = new Color(v3); This is my GBuffer rendering effect: PixelInput RenderGBufferColorVertexShader(VertexInput input) { PixelInput pi = ( PixelInput ) 0; pi.Position = mul(input.Position, WorldViewProjection); pi.Normal = mul(input.Normal, WorldInverseTranspose); pi.Color = input.Color; pi.TPosition = pi.Position; pi.WPosition = input.Position; return pi; } GBufferTarget RenderGBufferColorPixelShader(PixelInput input) { GBufferTarget output = ( GBufferTarget ) 0; float3 position = input.TPosition.xyz / input.TPosition.w; output.Albedo = lerp(float4(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f), input.Color, ColorFactor); output.Normal = EncodeNormal(input.Normal); output.Depth = position.z; return output; } And here is the SSAO effect: float4 EncodeNormal(float3 normal) { return float4((normal.xyz * 0.5f) + 0.5f, 0.0f); } float3 DecodeNormal(float4 encoded) { return encoded * 2.0 - 1.0f; } float Intensity; float Size; float2 NoiseOffset; float4x4 ViewProjection; float4x4 ViewProjectionInverse; texture DepthMap; texture NormalMap; texture RandomMap; const float3 samples[16] = { float3(0.01537562, 0.01389096, 0.02276565), float3(-0.0332658, -0.2151698, -0.0660736), float3(-0.06420016, -0.1919067, 0.5329634), float3(-0.05896204, -0.04509097, -0.03611697), float3(-0.1302175, 0.01034653, 0.01543675), float3(0.3168565, -0.182557, -0.01421785), float3(-0.02134448, -0.1056605, 0.00576055), float3(-0.3502164, 0.281433, -0.2245609), float3(-0.00123525, 0.00151868, 0.02614773), float3(0.1814744, 0.05798516, -0.02362876), float3(0.07945167, -0.08302628, 0.4423518), float3(0.321987, -0.05670302, -0.05418307), float3(-0.00165138, -0.00410309, 0.00537362), float3(0.01687791, 0.03189049, -0.04060405), float3(-0.04335613, -0.00530749, 0.06443053), float3(0.8474263, -0.3590308, -0.02318038), }; sampler DepthSampler = sampler_state { Texture = DepthMap; MipFilter = Point; MinFilter = Point; MagFilter = Point; AddressU = Clamp; AddressV = Clamp; AddressW = Clamp; }; sampler NormalSampler = sampler_state { Texture = NormalMap; MipFilter = Linear; MinFilter = Linear; MagFilter = Linear; AddressU = Clamp; AddressV = Clamp; AddressW = Clamp; }; sampler RandomSampler = sampler_state { Texture = RandomMap; MipFilter = Linear; MinFilter = Linear; MagFilter = Linear; }; struct VertexInput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 TextureCoordinates : TEXCOORD0; }; struct PixelInput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 TextureCoordinates : TEXCOORD0; }; PixelInput SSAOVertexShader(VertexInput input) { PixelInput pi = ( PixelInput ) 0; pi.Position = input.Position; pi.TextureCoordinates = input.TextureCoordinates; return pi; } float3 GetXYZ(float2 uv) { float depth = tex2D(DepthSampler, uv); float2 xy = uv * 2.0f - 1.0f; xy.y *= -1; float4 p = float4(xy, depth, 1); float4 q = mul(p, ViewProjectionInverse); return q.xyz / q.w; } float3 GetNormal(float2 uv) { return DecodeNormal(tex2D(NormalSampler, uv)); } float4 SSAOPixelShader(PixelInput input) : COLOR0 { float depth = tex2D(DepthSampler, input.TextureCoordinates); float3 position = GetXYZ(input.TextureCoordinates); float3 normal = GetNormal(input.TextureCoordinates); float occlusion = 1.0f; float3 reflectionRay = DecodeNormal(tex2D(RandomSampler, input.TextureCoordinates + NoiseOffset)); for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) { float3 sampleXYZ = position + reflect(samples[i], reflectionRay) * Size; float4 screenXYZW = mul(float4(sampleXYZ, 1.0f), ViewProjection); float3 screenXYZ = screenXYZW.xyz / screenXYZW.w; float2 sampleUV = float2(screenXYZ.x * 0.5f + 0.5f, 1.0f - (screenXYZ.y * 0.5f + 0.5f)); float frontMostDepthAtSample = tex2D(DepthSampler, sampleUV); if (frontMostDepthAtSample < screenXYZ.z) { occlusion -= 1.0f / 16.0f; } } return float4(occlusion * Intensity * float3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0), 1.0); } technique SSAO { pass Pass0 { VertexShader = compile vs_3_0 SSAOVertexShader(); PixelShader = compile ps_3_0 SSAOPixelShader(); } } However, when I use the effect, I get some pretty bad distortion: Here's the light map that goes with it -- is the static-like effect supposed to be like that? I've noticed that even if I'm looking at nothing, I still get the static-like effect. (you can see it in the screenshot; the top half doesn't have any geometry yet it still has the static-like effect) Also, does anyone have any advice on how to effectively debug shaders?

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  • projection / view matrix: the object is bigger than it should and depth does not affect vertices

    - by Francesco Noferi
    I'm currently trying to write a C 3D software rendering engine from scratch just for fun and to have an insight on what OpenGL does behind the scene and what 90's programmers had to do on DOS. I have written my own matrix library and tested it without noticing any issues, but when I tried projecting the vertices of a simple 2x2 cube at 0,0 as seen by a basic camera at 0,0,10, the cube seems to appear way bigger than the application's window. If I scale the vertices' coordinates down by 8 times I can see a proper cube centered on the screen. This cube doesn't seem to be in perspective: wheen seen from the front, the back vertices pe rfectly overlap with the front ones, so I'm quite sure it's not correct. this is how I create the view and projection matrices (vec4_initd initializes the vectors with w=0, vec4_initw initializes the vectors with w=1): void mat4_lookatlh(mat4 *m, const vec4 *pos, const vec4 *target, const vec4 *updirection) { vec4 fwd, right, up; // fwd = norm(pos - target) fwd = *target; vec4_sub(&fwd, pos); vec4_norm(&fwd); // right = norm(cross(updirection, fwd)) vec4_cross(updirection, &fwd, &right); vec4_norm(&right); // up = cross(right, forward) vec4_cross(&fwd, &right, &up); // orientation and translation matrices combined vec4_initd(&m->a, right.x, up.x, fwd.x); vec4_initd(&m->b, right.y, up.y, fwd.y); vec4_initd(&m->c, right.z, up.z, fwd.z); vec4_initw(&m->d, -vec4_dot(&right, pos), -vec4_dot(&up, pos), -vec4_dot(&fwd, pos)); } void mat4_perspectivefovrh(mat4 *m, float fovdegrees, float aspectratio, float near, float far) { float h = 1.f / tanf(ftoradians(fovdegrees / 2.f)); float w = h / aspectratio; vec4_initd(&m->a, w, 0.f, 0.f); vec4_initd(&m->b, 0.f, h, 0.f); vec4_initw(&m->c, 0.f, 0.f, -far / (near - far)); vec4_initd(&m->d, 0.f, 0.f, (near * far) / (near - far)); } this is how I project my vertices: void device_project(device *d, const vec4 *coord, const mat4 *transform, int *projx, int *projy) { vec4 result; mat4_mul(transform, coord, &result); *projx = result.x * d->w + d->w / 2; *projy = result.y * d->h + d->h / 2; } void device_rendervertices(device *d, const camera *camera, const mesh meshes[], int nmeshes, const rgba *color) { int i, j; mat4 view, projection, world, transform, projview; mat4 translation, rotx, roty, rotz, transrotz, transrotzy; int projx, projy; // vec4_unity = (0.f, 1.f, 0.f, 0.f) mat4_lookatlh(&view, &camera->pos, &camera->target, &vec4_unity); mat4_perspectivefovrh(&projection, 45.f, (float)d->w / (float)d->h, 0.1f, 1.f); for (i = 0; i < nmeshes; i++) { // world matrix = translation * rotz * roty * rotx mat4_translatev(&translation, meshes[i].pos); mat4_rotatex(&rotx, ftoradians(meshes[i].rotx)); mat4_rotatey(&roty, ftoradians(meshes[i].roty)); mat4_rotatez(&rotz, ftoradians(meshes[i].rotz)); mat4_mulm(&translation, &rotz, &transrotz); // transrotz = translation * rotz mat4_mulm(&transrotz, &roty, &transrotzy); // transrotzy = transrotz * roty = translation * rotz * roty mat4_mulm(&transrotzy, &rotx, &world); // world = transrotzy * rotx = translation * rotz * roty * rotx // transform matrix mat4_mulm(&projection, &view, &projview); // projview = projection * view mat4_mulm(&projview, &world, &transform); // transform = projview * world = projection * view * world for (j = 0; j < meshes[i].nvertices; j++) { device_project(d, &meshes[i].vertices[j], &transform, &projx, &projy); device_putpixel(d, projx, projy, color); } } } this is how the cube and camera are initialized: // test mesh cube = &meshlist[0]; mesh_init(cube, "Cube", 8); cube->rotx = 0.f; cube->roty = 0.f; cube->rotz = 0.f; vec4_initw(&cube->pos, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f); vec4_initw(&cube->vertices[0], -1.f, 1.f, 1.f); vec4_initw(&cube->vertices[1], 1.f, 1.f, 1.f); vec4_initw(&cube->vertices[2], -1.f, -1.f, 1.f); vec4_initw(&cube->vertices[3], -1.f, -1.f, -1.f); vec4_initw(&cube->vertices[4], -1.f, 1.f, -1.f); vec4_initw(&cube->vertices[5], 1.f, 1.f, -1.f); vec4_initw(&cube->vertices[6], 1.f, -1.f, 1.f); vec4_initw(&cube->vertices[7], 1.f, -1.f, -1.f); // main camera vec4_initw(&maincamera.pos, 0.f, 0.f, 10.f); maincamera.target = vec4_zerow; and, just to be sure, this is how I compute matrix multiplications: void mat4_mul(const mat4 *m, const vec4 *va, vec4 *vb) { vb->x = m->a.x * va->x + m->b.x * va->y + m->c.x * va->z + m->d.x * va->w; vb->y = m->a.y * va->x + m->b.y * va->y + m->c.y * va->z + m->d.y * va->w; vb->z = m->a.z * va->x + m->b.z * va->y + m->c.z * va->z + m->d.z * va->w; vb->w = m->a.w * va->x + m->b.w * va->y + m->c.w * va->z + m->d.w * va->w; } void mat4_mulm(const mat4 *ma, const mat4 *mb, mat4 *mc) { mat4_mul(ma, &mb->a, &mc->a); mat4_mul(ma, &mb->b, &mc->b); mat4_mul(ma, &mb->c, &mc->c); mat4_mul(ma, &mb->d, &mc->d); }

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