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• Cannot Start Passenger 3.0.18 Using Mountain Lion (OS X Server) and RVM

  - by LightBe Corp

  I recently did a clean install of Mountain Lion on my Mac Mini Server. I installed version 3.0.18 using a gem according to the directions on http://www.phusionpassenger.com with no errors that I could see. rvmsudo gem install passenger-enterprise-server-3.0.18.gem rvmsudo passenger-install-apache2-module Here are my entries in /etc/apache2/httpd.conf with my username masked: LoadModule passenger_module /Users/username/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/passenger-enterprise-server-3.0.18/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so PassengerRoot /Users/username/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/passenger-enterprise-server-3.0.18 PassengerRuby /Users/username/.rvm/wrappers/ruby-1.9.3-p327/ruby I uncommented out the following statement: Include /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf Here is a sample virtual host entry. I have three of them in the file. <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName www.mydomain.com ServerAlias mydomain.com PassengerAppRoot /Users/username/Sites/myfolder/ DocumentRoot /Users/username/Sites/myfolder/public <Directory /Users/username/Sites/myfolder/public> Allow from all AllowOverride all Options -MultiViews </Directory> </VirtualHost> I have restarted Apache several times. Here is information from my server: [~]$ ps -ef | grep Passenger 501 18804 303 0 12:39PM ttys000 0:00.00 grep Passenger [~]$ rvmsudo passenger-status Password: **ERROR: Phusion Passenger doesn't seem to be running.** [~]$ rvmsudo passenger-config --version 3.0.18 I have tried doing online searches on this. I was surprised that there was not all that much on this specific error even though from my understanding Passenger has been around for a few years. I have posted this issue on the Phusion Passenger Google Groups but have not heard anything. Any help would be appreciated, the sooner the better LOL. Seriously I need to have one of my three websites up by tomorrow evening. This is the only issue stopping that from happening. Thanks again.

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• How to set umask globally?

  - by DevSolar

  I am using a private user group setup, i.e. a user foo's home directory is owned by foo:foo, not foo:users. For this to work, I need to set the umask to 002 globally. After a quick grep -RIi umask /etc/*, it seemed for a moment that modifying the UMASK entry in /etc/login.defs should do the trick. It does, too -- but only for console logins. If I log in to my desktop, and open a terminal there, I still get to see the default umask 022. Same goes for files created from apps started through the menu. Apparently, the display manager (or whatever X11 component responsible) does source some different setting than a console login does, and damned if I could tell which one it is. (I tried changing the setting in /etc/init.d/rc, and no, it did not help.) How / where do I set umask globally (and for all users), so that the X11 desktop environment gets the memo as well? (The system is Linux Mint / Ubuntu, in case that changes anything...)

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• No LAN and SMB access, and Explorer not responsive, when using a second connection

  - by Lorenzo

  I apologize if this is a duplicate question, I know that there are several questions about multiple connection (LAN + LAN and LAN + dialup) but I haven't been able to find one that fits my scenario. I'm still using Windows XP on my corporate laptop, and I'm connected to the corporate LAN via Ethernet. The LAN NIC has a public IP address, although not accessible externally, obtained via the corporate DNS server. This connection is firewalled and requires a proxy to access Internet. To access Internet sites blocked by the corporate firewall, I use my smartphone via USB tethering. It is seen as a new LAN interface, and I get a private IP address (class 192.168..). There are two problems: The LAN is not accessible, as the default gateway goes to the tethering NIC. I'd like to solve this, but I can live with it. My PC becomes unresponsive if I use Windows Explorer to view local files, or even when I open the start menu. I guess that this is caused by attemps to connect to a mapped network drive. But I disabled the "Client for Microsoft Networks" in the tethering NIC. Why the system still hangs? Of course if I disable the Ethernet NIC, Explorer stops hanging. If you need further details, add a comment. Thanks!

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• Technology mash: is this possible?

  - by Jon Story

  I'm in the process of setting up my own DNS+hosting on a couple of VPS and my home machines, mostly for academic/learning purposes, but also for convenient accessing of my files, hosting my personal websites, private git repositories etc. I've got a main web server with DNS, and a slave DNS server. I've also got a couple of machines at home doing file hosting, video streaming and all that fun stuff. I'm intending to use my VPS's to provide myself with a dynamic DNS system so that I can point mydomain.com at my DNS servers, with home.mydomain.com going into my home network via a raspberry pi. HOWEVER.... I've not got access to the network infrastructure at home (rented accommodation with managed internet), so I can't forward the ports on the router to my own machines. As such, I'm wondering if it's possible to route all the traffic via an SSH/HTTP tunnel through one of the VPS? My plan is to have the raspberry pi provide a VPN into my home network. The raspberry pi uses SSH to connect to the VPS, and the VPS forwards any traffic to home.mydomain.com via the tunnel to the raspberry pi. Is this even possible, and how do I go about it? I don't mind getting my hands dirty with coding and low level tools, I'm just not sure where to start or what the best way to go about it is.

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• Wireless router setup for 1-1 NAT

  - by Carlos

  What I have: A linksys router WAG160N with firmware version 2 A "pool" of 5 external static IP's provided by my ISP 213.xx.xxx.n All the required configuration values for the static IPs such as (Subnet Mask, Gateway and static DNS 1, 2, 3) Current WAN Configuration: Encapsulation: RFC 2364 PPPoA Multiplexing: VC QoS type: UBR DSL modulation: MultiMode What's connected to the network: 1 x Server (That I want to make available to the outside) 5 x Desktops with static internal IP's, such as 192.168.0.xx 2 x Network printers, also with internal static IP's 2 x Laptops 1 x NAS (Network Attached Storage) also on static IP What I want to do: I would like to make the server available from outside the network, for example from your house. The problem is that Im not really sure how to do this. I have tried following the steps on the instruction manual in Linksys but they do not seem to work, once I set it up as shown bellow, I loose internet and all hell breaks loose. Going into further detail, I would prefer if the network is changed as little as possible, by this I mean that all the computers stay networked within eachother and only the server is accessible from the outside the network. What I need HELP with: I have read around that it is possible to set a 1-1 NAT (I know where it is in the menu but have no clue what it does...) so that I can NAT a single public IP directly to a single private IP (in our case the server). But please, How do I do that? Or maybe an alternative?

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• Home Server: storage virtualisation, what to choose?

  - by Huygens

  I'm looking for virtualisation solutions for storage and OS for a home server. A sort of private cloud where I manage the storage space independently of the VM one. This question focus on storage management. (I have another question related to the VM/compute instance management). Here my environement and wishes. Server: HP Proliant MicroServer with 8 GB RAM (AMD Turion dual core with AMD-V technology) with 1 250GB system disk and up to 4 HDD (2 TB) for "data" OS types: only Linux (perhaps a *BSD VM in the future) Linux distributions do not matter, I'm familiar with RHEL, Fedora, Suse, Ubuntu, but any other recommandation will be fine The 4 HDD is going to be a software RAID array, probably RAID 5. storage should be "virtualised/cloudified": easy to extend: if I add a NAS on the network, I can include the NAS space capacity within this storage space as one virtual disk. This can be a NAS, an external HDD or another server. cluster FS or S3 style space or OpenStack block storage? Whatever is easier to manage/maintain and easy to integrate/plug to VM/compute instance. I would prefer free (libre, as in a free speach) and open source tools. But it does not have to be free as in a free beer. Note: the VMs I intend to run on top of this server are one dedicated to backup, one for a "owncloud/dropbox"-like service and perhaps one for media server (hosting video and photos). I'm not sure if traditional VMs or compute instance are the most suitable for this.

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• How to set up daisy-chained routers for separate sub-nets?

  - by joe

  This question seems to be similar to others, but I'll take a shot anyway. A client recently switched ISPs from TDS to Comcast Business Class. Before the switch, they had 5 static IP addresses assigned. Now they'll have a single IP address that will change whenever Comcast decides to do so. The issue is that this internet connection will be shared among two companies, both having (and wanting to keep) their own private subnets. Because TDS was supplying multiple IP addresses to the one location, this allowed me to put each router on the switch. Now, with Comcast, they only get one IP address, meaning there has to be a main router before the subnet routers. Luckily, the cable modem has a built-in router, which I would like to connect to each company's router, and still have DHCP enabled on all accounts. Question: What do I need to do to the subnet routers to keep them separate from each other, but still allow internet access from the main router. I would love to say "I tried this", and give you links, but everything I find on the internet only mentions daisy-chaining routers with DCHP disabled.

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• Howto enable SMPTS (465) postfix CentOS

  - by user197284

  I need help is enabling SMTPS. I use postfix , dovecot with MySQL(virtual domains). I do not know how to enable SMTPS(465). I already added tls related settings and key and certificate in the "/etc/postfix/main.cf" OS: Centos 6.4 64 bit Please my /etc/postfix/master.cf file here # ========================================================================== # service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args # (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100) # ========================================================================== smtp inet n - n - - smtpd -o content_filter=smtp-amavis:127.0.0.1:10024 -o receive_override_options=no_address_mappings pickup fifo n - n 60 1 pickup -o content_filter= -o receive_override_options=no_header_body_checks cleanup unix n - n - 0 cleanup qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr #qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 oqmgr tlsmgr unix - - n 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - n - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - n - 0 bounce defer unix - - n - 0 bounce trace unix - - n - 0 bounce verify unix - - n - 1 verify flush unix n - n 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap smtp unix - - n - - smtp # When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops relay unix - - n - - smtp -o fallback_relay= # -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5 showq unix n - n - - showq error unix - - n - - error discard unix - - n - - discard local unix - n n - - local virtual unix - n n - - virtual lmtp unix - - n - - lmtp anvil unix - - n - 1 anvil scache unix - - n - 1 scache # # ==================================================================== # Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual # pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants. # ==================================================================== maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/local/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} uucp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient) ifmail unix - n n - - pipe flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient) bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fq. user=foo argv=/usr/local/sbin/bsmtp -f $sender $nexthop $recipient # # spam/virus section # smtp-amavis unix - - y - 2 smtp -o smtp_data_done_timeout=1200 -o disable_dns_lookups=yes -o smtp_send_xforward_command=yes 127.0.0.1:10025 inet n - y - - smtpd -o content_filter= -o smtpd_helo_restrictions= -o smtpd_sender_restrictions= -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject -o mynetworks=127.0.0.0/8 -o smtpd_error_sleep_time=0 -o smtpd_soft_error_limit=1001 -o smtpd_hard_error_limit=1000 -o receive_override_options=no_header_body_checks -o smtpd_bind_address=127.0.0.1 -o smtpd_helo_required=no -o smtpd_client_restrictions= -o smtpd_restriction_classes= -o disable_vrfy_command=no -o strict_rfc821_envelopes=yes # # Dovecot LDA dovecot unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail:mail argv=/usr/libexec/dovecot/deliver -d ${recipient} # # Vacation mail vacation unix - n n - - pipe flags=Rq user=vacation argv=/var/spool/vacation/vacation.pl -f ${sender} -- ${recipient} retry unix - - n - - error proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap Please help to enable SMTPS. I have amavis enabled

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• Mail not piping in postfix

  - by user220912

  I have setup a postfix server and wanted to test the piping of mail to my perl script where i can make use of it and filter the mails.I wrote a test script for that which just logs the information in txt file. but i don't see any changes on sending the mail. My postconf-n output: alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases append_dot_mydomain = no command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5 html_directory = no inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = all mail_owner = postfix mailbox_size_limit = 0 mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix manpage_directory = /usr/share/man mydestination = yantratech.co.in, localhost.localdomain, localhost myhostname = tcmailer8.in mynetworks = 103.8.128.62, 103.8.128.69/101, 168.100.189.0/28, 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 myorigin = $mydomain newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/README_FILES recipient_delimiter = + relayhost = sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/samples sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/pki/tls/certs/tcmailer8.in.cert smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtpd_use_tls = yes transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail virtual_mailbox_domains = /etc/postfix/vhosts virtual_mailbox_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/vmaps virtual_minimum_uid = 1000 virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 here's my transport: [email protected] email_route my main.cf declaration: transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport my master.cf declaration: email_route unix - n n - - pipe flags=FR user=nobody argv=/etc/postfix/test.php -f $(sender) -- $(recipient) and my php script: #!/usr/bin/php <?php $fh = fopen('/etc/postfix/testmail.txt','a'); fwrite($fh, "Hello it works\n"); fclose($fh); ?> I am sending mails through telnet in localhost.

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• Freebsd jail for an small company - checklist - what shouldn't forget

  - by cajwine

  Looking for an checklist for an "small company freebsd/jail server". Having pretty common starting point: FreeBSD jail (remote/headless) for the company: public web, email, ftp server, and private (maybe in the future partially public) wiki (foswiki) 4 physical persons, (6 email addresses) + one admin - others will never use ssh) have already done usual hardening on the host side (like pf, sshguard etc). my major components are: dovecot, exim, apache22, proftpd, perl5.14. Looking for an checklist, what I shouldn't forget. My plan: openssl self-signed certificates for exim, dovecot and proftpd (wildcard keys) openssl self-signed certificate for apache (later will go for "trusted-signed" key) My questions are: is is an "good practice" having one pair of wildcard SSL-certificates for many programs? (exim, dovecot, proftpd) - or should I generate one key for each service? should I add all 4 persons as standard (unix) users, or I should go with virtual users? Asking because: have only small count of users, and it is more simple to configure everything (exim, dovecot) for local users ($HOME/Maildir), plus ability to set $HOME/.forward/vacation and etc. is here some (special) things what I should consider? (e.g. maybe, in the future we want setup our own webmail - will make this any difference?) any other recommendation? Thank you, hoping that this question fit into the http://serverfault.com/faq under the: Server and Business Workstation operating systems, hardware, software Operations, maintenance, and monitoring Looking for an checklist, but please explain why you're recommending it. See Good Subjective, Bad Subjective. related: What's your suggested mail server configuration for a FreeBSD server?

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• Privacy, VPN and routers

  - by user123189

  Ever since this ACTA push-up the things are starting to heat up around torrents and privacy. I am using Tribler now, but this is not secure enough for me. Not enough privacy. I've been using in the past a swedish VPN PPTP connection. What I observed is that, when the VPN connection was down, Internet traffic wasn't cut off, rather the downloads were continuing, this time with my real IP, wearing off my protection. 1st : How to enforce a VPN connection that will cut all traffic when down? That is, the moment the connection is down, all internet traffic should cease as if I'd pull the network plug out. 2nd: Is PPTP good enough or should I ask for SSTP or IKEV2 ? 3rd: Should I disable IPv6 ? Is VPN no longer private if I keep IPv6 active? I 'heard some stuff' about dual vpn routers to be able to improve privacy; but nothing more about how to configure one for such a task. 4th: Is there any kind of "black box" hardware equipment that can be used in hiding IP, encrypting traffic and so on ?

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• Windows Server 2008 ignores any change made to firewall

  - by Maurice Courtois

  I have been trying for the last 2 hours to make my Windows Server 2008 answer ping. I have tried almost every single solution I have found on the web, so far nothing work. My current setup: 2 NIC (1x Internet connection, 1x Local network) Server act as VPN server. So I set the corresponding NIC as either Public or Private. I also enable the rule for "File and Printer Sharing (Echo Request...)" for all Nic and from any IPs. I always been able to ping from the local network or the local ip while connected to the VPN. I also tried to create a specific rule for ICMP ping and disabling the firewall for all but the public nic. Regardless of all this, I still can't ping that server from Internet. Any idea suggestion what could cause this? I have the impression that when you set the server as VPN (I switch the box on when setting it up to block everything else than VPN connection) that changing anything to the firewall setting thought mmc is pointless !?!?

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• Switch to IPv6 and get rid of NAT? Are you kidding?

  - by Ernie

  So our ISP has set up IPv6 recently, and I've been studying what the transition should entail before jumping into the fray. I've noticed three very important issues: Our office NAT router (an old Linksys BEFSR41) does not support IPv6. Nor does any newer router, AFAICT. The book I'm reading about IPv6 tells me that it makes NAT "unnecessary" anyway. If we're supposed to just get rid of this router and plug everything directly to the Internet, I start to panic. There's no way in hell I'll put our billing database (With lots of credit card information!) on the internet for everyone to see. Even if I were to propose setting up Windows' firewall on it to allow only 6 addresses to have any access to it at all, I still break out in a cold sweat. I don't trust Windows, Windows' firewall, or the network at large enough to even be remotely comfortable with that. There's a few old hardware devices (ie, printers) that have absolutely no IPv6 capability at all. And likely a laundry list of security issues that date back to around 1998. And likely no way to actually patch them in any way. And no funding for new printers. I hear that IPv6 and IPSEC are supposed to make all this secure somehow, but without physically separated networks that make these devices invisible to the Internet, I really can't see how. I can likewise really see how any defences I create will be overrun in short order. I've been running servers on the Internet for years now and I'm quite familiar with the sort of things necessary to secure those, but putting something Private on the network like our billing database has always been completely out of the question. What should I be replacing NAT with, if we don't have physically separate networks?

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• Apache Redirect is redirecting all HTTP instead of just one subdomain

  - by David Kaczynski

  All HTTP requests, such as http://example.com, are getting redirected to https://redmine.example.com, but I only want http://redmine.example.com to be redirected. For example, requests for I have the following in my 000-default configuration: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName redmine.example.com DocumentRoot /usr/share/redmine/public Redirect permanent / https://redmine.example.com </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> . . . </VirtualHost> Here is my default-ssl configuration: <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName redmine.example.com DocumentRoot /usr/share/redmine/public SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \ nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \ downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown <Directory /usr/share/redmine/public> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> LogLevel info ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/redmine-error.log CustomLog /var/log/apache2/redmine-access.log combined </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> . . . </VirtualHost> Is there anything here that is cause all HTTP requests to be redirected to https://redmine.example.com?

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• Does anyone know how to "tcpdump" traffic decrypted by Mallory MITM? [migrated]

  - by chriv

  I'm looking for some help in capturing network traffic that I can analyze in Wireshare (or other tools). The tool I'm using is mallory. If anyone is familiar with mallory, I could use some help. I've got it configured and running correctly, but I don't know how to get the output that I want. The setup is on my private network. I have a VM (running Ubuntu 12.04 - precise) with two NICs: eth0 is on my "real" network eth1 is only on my "fake" network, and is using dnsmasq (for DNS and DHCP for other devices on the "fake" network) Effectively eth0 is the "WAN" on my VM, and eth1 is the "LAN" on my VM. I've setup mallory and iptables to intercept, decrypt, encrypt and rewrite all traffic coming in on destination port 443 on eth1. On the device I want intercepted, I have imported the ca.cer that mallory generated as a trusted root certificate. I need to analyze some strange behavior in the HTTPS stream between the client and server, so that's why mallory is setup in between for this MITM. I would like to take the decrypted HTTPS traffic and dump it to either a logfile or a socket in a format compatible with tcpdump/wireshark (so I can collect it later and analyze it). Running tcpdump on eth1 is too soon (it's encrypted), and running tcpdump on eth2 is too late (it's been re-encrypted). Is there a way to make mallory "tcpdump" the decrypted traffic (in both directions)?

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• Synchronize folders on different computers without cloud and without network just internet

  - by theimmortalbg

  I have two computers with windows 7, one in my home town and one in another town. So they are not in private network but I have internet on both. They have exactly the same file structure. I am searching for program that can keep the data equal. I know about dropbox or google drive but they are cloud and I don't want to use them. Also they are using folder that you should copy your data in it. There is another programs that are like a server, just put something and after that you can download it but I dont need them. I want just to point which folders to be synchronized and the program make the synchronization. The sync can be in real time if the two computers are powered, or after few time when they are powered. Or it can lock another computer synced folder till update is required. At all this is my documents that I want to be synced in all my computers and to be changed from where I want. In fact I can move the updates with flash but if some program save the changes and make them on another computer with one click it will facilitate my work.

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• OpenSSL error while running punjab

  - by Hunt

  i ran punjab - BOSH connection manager - using twistd -y punjab.tac command in my centos but i am getting following error Unhandled Error Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/application/app.py", line 652, in run runApp(config) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/scripts/twistd.py", line 23, in runApp _SomeApplicationRunner(config).run() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/application/app.py", line 386, in run self.application = self.createOrGetApplication() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/application/app.py", line 451, in createOrGetApplication application = getApplication(self.config, passphrase) --- <exception caught here> --- File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/application/app.py", line 462, in getApplication application = service.loadApplication(filename, style, passphrase) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/application/service.py", line 405, in loadApplication application = sob.loadValueFromFile(filename, 'application', passphrase) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/persisted/sob.py", line 210, in loadValueFromFile exec fileObj in d, d File "punjab.tac", line 39, in <module> '/etc/pki/tls/cert.pem', File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/internet/ssl.py", line 68, in __init__ self.cacheContext() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/internet/ssl.py", line 78, in cacheContext ctx.use_privatekey_file(self.privateKeyFileName) OpenSSL.SSL.Error: [('x509 certificate routines', 'X509_check_private_key', 'key values mismatch')] Failed to load application: [('x509 certificate routines', 'X509_check_private_key', 'key values mismatch')] my configuration file of punjab is sslContext = ssl.DefaultOpenSSLContextFactory( '/etc/pki/tls/private/ca.key', '/etc/pki/tls/cert.pem', ) How can i resolve above error

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• Mount EC2 instance via SSH on Mac OS X

  - by darkporter

  OK I just can't figure this out. I have an EC2 instance, which I'm able to SSH into just fine with: ssh -i XXXX.pem [email protected] I can even make it slick from the command line by creating a ~/.ssh/config with this in it: Host XXXX HostName XXXX User ubuntu IdentityFile ~/.ec2/XXXX.pem Which allows me to simple do a ssh XXXX with no -i option. Now, I want to mount this via SSH. I've tried MacFuse/SSHFS, MacFusion and ExpandDrive, but no luck. It's supposed to "just work" but the SSH-related command line utilities and the Keychain Access program in OS X is confusing and opaque to me. From what I've read, these GUI programs don't care about .ssh/config, they care about the Keychain. Somehow I can associate my domain name I'm connecting to with a particular "identity" private key file (.pem file) but I have no idea how. I tried this: ssh-add -K XXXX.pem Which does add to the Keychain but it's not associated to a particular domain. These GUI mounting programs I mentioned all just spin and do nothing when I try to connect passwordless. No keychain prompt, no nothing. I've pretty much given up and I'm thinking about just setting up an SMB server, but I'd rather just go over SSH since I believe it's possible.

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• How can I "filter" postfix-generated bounce messages?

  - by Flimzy

  We are using postfix 2.7 and custom SMTPD (based on qpsmtpd) in highly customized configuration for spam filtering. We have a new requirement to filter postfix-generated bounces through our custom qpsmtpd process (not so much for content filtering, but to process these bounces accordingly). Our current configuration looks (in part) like this: main.cf (only customizations shown): 2526 inet n - - - 0 cleanup pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup -o content_filter=smtp:127.0.0.2 Our smtpd injects messages to postfix on port 2526, by speaking directly to the cleanup daemon. And the custom pickup command instructs postfix to hand off all locally-generated mail (from cron, nagios, or other custom scripts) to our custom smtpd. The problem is that this configuration does not affect postfix generated bounce messages, since they do not go through the pickup daemon. I have tried adding the same content_filter option to the bounce daemon commands, but it does not seem to have any effect: bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce -o content_filter=smtp:127.0.0.2 defer unix - - - - 0 bounce -o content_filter=smtp:127.0.0.2 trace unix - - - - 0 bounce -o content_filter=smtp:127.0.0.2 For reference, here is my main.cf file, as well: biff = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_loglevel = 0 smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${queue_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${queue_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_tls_security_level = may mydestination = $myhostname alias_maps = proxy:pgsql:/etc/postfix/dc-aliases.cf transport_maps = proxy:pgsql:/etc/postfix/dc-transport.cf # This is enforced on incoming mail by QPSMTPD, so this is simply # the upper possible bound (also enforced in defaults.pl) message_size_limit = 262144000 mailbox_size_limit = 0 # We do our own message expiration, but if we set this to 0, then postfix # will try each mail delivery only once, so instead we set it to 100 days # (which is the max postfix seems to support) maximal_queue_lifetime = 100d hash_queue_depth = 1 hash_queue_names = deferred, defer, hold I also tried adding the internal_mail_filter_classes option to main.cf, but also tono affect: internal_mail_filter_classes = bounce,notify I am open to any suggestions, including handling our current content-filtering-loop in a different way. If it's not clear what I'm asking, please let me know, and I can try to clarify.

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• ability to see free/busy detail information for conference rooms in Outlook 2007 and Microsoft hosted Exchange solution

  - by Malav

  recently my company migrated from an in-house Exchange server to the Microsoft hosted exchange online solution. My client is Outlook 2007. Before the migration, I could see the details of the meetings when I hovered on the busy blue bar for a resource such as a conference room. I could click on the meetings and see the invite list and the contents of the meeting. Ofcourse if the meeting was marked as private I could not. however after the migration to the online solution, I cannot see the detailed information. I can still see if the room is busy or not but I can no longer see the details of that meeting. The IT folks can see the information and they claim that they can see it because they have full admin rights. It is their claim that in the hosted Exchange solution you can either have full access (admin access) and see the details or not see anything but just that the room is busy. there is no middle ground such as being able to see the details of the meeting but not having any admin rights. For some reason I believe this to be not true. Can someone please verify my doubts and inform me of what needs to be done to see that information if my IT folks are wrong? thanks

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• How do you backup your own files? [on hold]

  - by Antonis Christofides

  I'm a system administrator and I use rsnapshot to backup some servers, duplicity for some others. Both work fine, each one with advantages and disadvantages. Despite that, I am at a loss on how to backup my own private files. I'd use duplicity to automatically backup my files to a remote server; but the problem is that once in a while I must do a full backup. My emails and important files are 9G, and I expect this to increase. Uploading through aDSL at 1Mbit would be 20 hours. Too much. rsnapshot doesn't require periodic full backups (only the first time), but it must be running on the remote server and have a means to connect to my computer; if the server is compromised (or simply if the NSA decides to use it), my own machine is also compromised. Not good. The only solution I've come up with is use encfs, use unison to synchronize the files to a remote server, and use duplicity or rsnapshot on the remote server to backup these files. In that case, the question is whether I can sync the files on many computers; is it possible for encfs to be used with the same key on many computers? I also think that if I append one character to the unencrypted file, its encrypted encfs counterpart might change a lot, so that incrementals with duplicity would be less efficient—but not a big deal. Maybe also, when I need to restore a file, finding the correct file to restore could be a pain, because of filename encryption. I wonder whether there is any other possibility that I've overlooked. Maybe I'm asking too much for my personal use, and I should settle with an external disk?

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• Isolating Apache virtualhosts from the rest of the system

  - by JesperB

  I am setting up a web server that will host a number of different web sites as Apache VirtualHosts, each of these will have the possibility to run scripts (primarily PHP, possiblu others). My question is how I isolate each of these VirtualHosts from eachother and from the rest of the system? I don't want e.g. website X to read the configuration of website Y or any of the server's "private" files. At the moment I have set up the VirtualHosts with FastCGI, PHP and SUExec as described here (http://x10hosting.com/forums/vps-tutorials/148894-debian-apache-2-2-fastcgi-php-5-suexec-easy-way.html), but the SUExec only prevents users from editing/executing files other than their own - the users can still read sensitive information such as config files. I have thought about removing the UNIX global read permission for all files on the server, as this would fix the above problem, but I'm not sure if I can safely do this without disrupting the server function. I also looked into using chroot, but it seems that this can only be done on a per-server basis, and not on a per-virtual-host basis. I'm looking for any suggestions that will isolate my VirtualHosts from the rest of the system. PS I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 server

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• Windows network routing

  - by fabianvilers

  Hi! I'm working by my customer premises and they let me connect my private laptop on a dedicated Wi-Fi for internet access. It's nice for external consultants. The only issue is that we can't connect on a remote server on port 25. I suppose this policy is set up to avoid infected computers sending spam from their network. As you can have guessed, this is something weird that I can't send mail at all. Fortunately, I've a 3G cell phone that I can connect by Bluetooth on my laptop. So when I want to send an e-mail, I have to disconnect from Wi-Fi, connect my phone, send the e-mail, disconnect phone and reconnect Wi-Fi. Kinda overhead. My question is: how can I tell Windows 7 to use the Wi-Fi for every out connection, but if it's a connection on port 25, use the cell phone network? With this solution, I could let my phone connected all day without having to switch again and again. Thanks a lot for your anwwers. Fabian

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• How do you get AWS VPC EC2 instances to be able to see the AWS APIs?

  - by Peter Mounce

  We're spinning up infrastructure inside of an AWS VPC via CloudFormation. We're using auto-scaling groups to bring up VPC-EC2 instances (so, we don't bring up instances directly; ASGs manage that). Inside of a PVC, EC2 instances only have a private IP; they cannot see the outside world without further work. When these instances spin up, we have some bootstrap tasks that require talking to the various AWS APIs. We also have some ongoing tasks that require AWS API traffic. How are you tackling this apparent chicken-egg problem? We've read about: NAT instances - but don't like this so much because it's another layer to our stack. assigning elastic-IPs to each VPC instance that needs to talk - but a) they all do, and b) since we're using ASGs, we don't know which instances to assign EIPs to at provision-time, and c) we'd need to set up something to monitor those ASGs and assign EIPs when instances are terminated and replaced spinning up an instance (actually, a load-balanced pair, probably spanning AZs) to act as an AWS-API proxy for all API traffic I guess I'm wondering whether there's some kind of back-door we can open that allows our VPC EC2 instances access to the AWS API endpoints, but nothing else, for cheap-complexity setup, that doesn't add another network-hop layer to our infrastructure for serving requests.

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• saving and searching encrypted mail

  - by user53616

  I often send and receive gpg-encrypted mail. At the moment I use thunderbird + enigmail (in linux) to do that. As far as I know there is no way in thunderbird to find all encrypted messages which bodies contain particular keywords. There also seems to be no option to save encrypted mails decrypted (so they would be searchable). However for me it is important to be able to search old encrypted mails. So my question is: Is there a way in linux to save incoming mails automatically decrypted in my inbox and save outgoing encrypted mail decrypted in the send folder? Both times adding a line to the body which remarks that the mail was encrypted. It could be another email client for linux that could to that or perhaps a solution using procmail or maildrop. For a procmail solution I guess there could be some problems with encoding (perhaps one have to use emil?). Note that the solution should work for multipart encrypted messages (including encrypted attachments) too. Further note that I don't want a discussion about security holes. For me it's ok if messages are stored decrypted on my harddrive (which is encrypted as a whole anyway). In doubt for a first solution it would be ok to store my private key passphrase in cleartext on my harddrive, too. The point is that the mails are encrypted on the mailserver or more generally on their "way through the net".

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