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• How does the linux kernel manage less than 1GB physical memory ?

  - by TheLoneJoker

  I'm learning the linux kernel internals and while reading "Understanding Linux Kernel", quite a few memory related questions struck me. One of them is, how the Linux kernel handles the memory mapping if the physical memory of say only 512 MB is installed on my system. As I read, kernel maps 0(or 16) MB-896MB physical RAM into 0xC0000000 linear address and can directly address it. So, in the above described case where I only have 512 MB: How can the kernel map 896 MB from only 512 MB ? What about user mode processes in this situation? Where are user mode processes in phys RAM? Every article explains only the situation, when you've installed 4 GB of memory and the kernel maps the 1 GB into kernel space and user processes uses the remaining amount of RAM. I would appreciate any help in improving my understanding. Thanks..!

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• ifconfig packet count

  - by kumar

  Hi, if I type ifconfig i get packet for Tx and RX ... where exactly the piece of code to increment this counter? Is it in the network driver itself? or in the kernel ? If possible please provide lxr link of the counter variable used. Thx !

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• Detecting cause of RuntimeException: Unable to stop activity

  - by Pentium10

  I have a really weird error, and I don't know what is causing this. It happens when I leave the Activity. 05-16 12:26:20.360: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): Uncaught handler: thread main exiting due to uncaught exception 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to stop activity {com.myapk/com.myapk.modules.viewPairing}: java.lang.NullPointerException 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at android.app.ActivityThread.performDestroyActivity(ActivityThread.java:3596) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleDestroyActivity(ActivityThread.java:3674) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2800(ActivityThread.java:126) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1965) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4595) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:860) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:618) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at android.app.Activity.performStop(Activity.java:3848) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): at android.app.ActivityThread.performDestroyActivity(ActivityThread.java:3591) 05-16 12:26:20.400: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(11648): ... 11 more

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• emulate ENTER in .txt

  - by gary

  Can someone please help in adding a command for "ENTER" in a .txt file to emulate "ENTER". Example; 12345 "enter" 548793 "ENTER" ..... where an entry will be a number followed by enter to next field where the next number will be inserted etc.. so it will look like this: 12345 548793 etc...

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• Detecting rotation to landscape manually

  - by Thomas Joos

  hi all, I am working on an iPhone application based on UITabBarController and UIViewControllers for each page. The app needs to run in portrait mode only, so every view controller + app delegate goes with this line of code: (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation: (UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation { return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait); } There is one view controller where I would like to pop up a UIImageView when the iPhone is rotaed to landscapeleft. The design of the image looks landscape, although the width and height are 320x460 ( so its portrait ). How can/should I detect this type of rotation manually, just in this specific view controller, withouth having an auto rotation on the entire view? Thomas UPDATE: Thanks! I added this listener in the viewDidLoad: [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(didRotate:)name:UIDeviceOrientationDidChangeNotification object:nil]; the didRotate looks like this: (void) didRotate:(NSNotification *)notification { UIDeviceOrientation orientation = [[UIDevice currentDevice] orientation]; if (orientation == UIDeviceOrientationLandscapeLeft) { //your code here } }

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• What is the difference between #ifdef __IPHONE_3.2 and #if __IPHONE_3.2?

  - by Jonathan

  Hi, I have an iphone app that needs to work for 3.1.3 for the iPhone and 3.2 for the iPad. It is an iPhone app that I want to work on the iPad. The main difference is the MPMoviePlayerController which introduces/and deprecates lots of things in 3.2. Since, the iPhone OS only goes up to 3.1.3 and the iPad is on 3.2, I need to seperate my code so it only compiles the required code for the respective OS. I can't use [[UIDevice currentDevice] model] because I end up with deprecated warnings on the 3.1.3 code. Also, UIUserInterfaceIdiomPad is new in 3.2 so it doesn't work well with 3.1.3... So, I decided to use this, which only compiles what is necessary for the particular OS: #if __IPHONE _3_2 //do 3.2 iPad stuff #else //do 3.1.3 iPhone/iPod Touch stuff #endif My question is... What is the difference between these? #ifdef __IPHONE_3_2 and #if __IPHONE_3_2 Thank you

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• debugging a resource leak in a printer driver

  - by MK

  I'm trying to debug a memory leak in a printer driver. I'm pretty sure it's a resource leak, not just a plain memory leak because analyzing heap with !heap -s in windbg doesn't show any increase. How do I monitor other kinds of objects with windbg? Number of GDI objects and open handles is not growing either, so what could it be?

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• To capture Tv tuner output

  - by mawia

  Hi! all, We are developting a tool for live video streaming in which we want to broadcast the output of tv tuner on a network.Our project is at it's nascent stage.Our main concern at this moment is to how to capture the output of a tv tuner card.Plz guide us regarding this or provide a pointer where I can detail about the topic. All help will be highly appreciated. Thanks Mawia

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• Does the DMA Buffer Size should be same as UART FIFO size?

  - by ddpd

  I have written a driver for a UART in omap4460 panda board running on Linux platform.I have enabled DMA in FIFO mode in UART.My user application transfers 100 bytes of data from user space to kernel buffer(DMA buffer). As soon as the DMA channel is enabled, data from DMA buffer is copied to FIFO which is then transmitted to TSR of UART.Since my FIFO size is 64bytes,only 64 bytes is transmitted to TSR. What should I do to transfer remaining bytes from DMA buffer to FIFO?/ IS there any overflow occuring?

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• Does copy_from_user modify the user pointer?

  - by Michael

  Does the copy_from_user function, declared in uaccess.h, modify the (void __user *)from pointer? The pointer isn't declared as const in the function declaration, only the contents it points to. The reason I ask is that I want to use copy_from_user twice, with the second copy_from_user copying from the place where the first one finished. I was planning on doing something like this, is it guaranteed to work? //buf is a user pointer that is already defined copy_from_user(my_first_alloced_region, buf, some_size); //do stuff copy_from_user(my_second_alloced_region, buf + some_size, some_other_size); Thanks in advance.

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• Intercept and ignore keyboard event in Windows 7 32bit

  - by Sg2010

  Hi all, My hardware has a problem, from time to time it's sending a "keydown" followed by a "keyup" of event: keydown: None LButton, OemClear 255 keyup: None LButton, OemClear 255 keydown: None LButton, OemClear 255 keyup: None LButton, OemClear 255 It goes like this forever, in Windows. In general it doesn't affect most of the applications, because this key is not printable. I think it's a special function key, like a media key or something. It doesn't do anything. But, in some applications that LISTEN to keydown and keyup, I get undesire and unexpected behaviour. Is there a way to intercept these 2 events in Windows (for all applications, for Windows itself) and make the OS ignore them? This is really important to me, if you can think of any solution, I'd be forever thankful.

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• Perl IO modules possibly causing issues in Net::DNS module

  - by Rich

  Hi! I’m porting some software that I wrote for a White Russian OpenWRT system to a new Kamikaze 8.09.1 OpenWRT system but I am having some serious issues that I’m hoping you can help me with. Old system Linux kernel 2.4.34 MIPSEL arch Perl 5.8.7 Net::DNS 0.48 IO 1.21 IO::Socket 1.28 IO::Socket::INET 1.28 New system Linux kernel 2.6.26.8 MIPS arch Perl 5.10.0 Net::DNS 0.66 IO 1.23_01 IO::Socket 1.30_01 IO::Socket::INET 1.31 First, let me provide some background information… I am trying to resolve my server (clearprobe.winbeam.com) from within my Perl program and see the following if I enable debugging in Net::DNS: resolve: Server 'clearprobe-ddns.winbeam.com' ;; query(clearprobe-ddns.winbeam.com) ;; setting up an AF_INET() family type UDP socket ;; send_udp(192.168.88.1:53) ;; send_udp(4.2.2.2:53) ;; send_udp(192.168.88.1:53) ;; send_udp(4.2.2.2:53) resolve: res->errorstring: query timed out Both of these servers resolve clearprobe.winbeam.com fine from the command line: root@cwb-2-11:~# echo “nameserver 192.168.88.1” > /etc/resolv.conf root@cwb-2-11:~# nslookup clearprobe-ddns.winbeam.com Server: 192.168.88.1 Address 1: 192.168.88.1 router Name: clearprobe-ddns.winbeam.com Address 1: 64.13.48.40 64-13-48-40.war.clearwire-dns.net root@cwb-2-11:~# echo “nameserver 4.2.2.2” > /etc/resolv.conf root@cwb-2-11:~# nslookup clearprobe-ddns.winbeam.com Server: 4.2.2.2 Address 1: 4.2.2.2 vnsc-bak.sys.gtei.net Name: clearprobe-ddns.winbeam.com Address 1: 64.13.48.40 64-13-48-40.war.clearwire-dns.net Using Perl’s call to the C gethostbyaddr() function works fine, but I need to do another lookup later in the software which requires that I specify the nameserver (clearprobe-ddns.winbeam.com is the authority for my internal DNS zone), hence my Net::DNS requirement. Now, here is the IO module-specific information: What I am seeing is that the reply is coming back from the nameserver (confirmed via tcpdump – I can send the captures if you’d like), but the UDP packets are sitting in the process’s UDP receive queue pending reception by Net::DNS (the approx 1752 bytes per response stay queued waiting for $sel-can_read()): root@cwb-2-11:~# netstat -una Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State udp 1752 0 0.0.0.0:52680 0.0.0.0:* root@cwb-2-11:~# netstat -una Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State udp 5256 0 0.0.0.0:52680 0.0.0.0:* If I force $sock[AF_INET]-recv($buf, $self-_packetsz) around line 803 of /usr/lib/perl5/5.10/Net/DNS/Resolver/Base.pm, instead of waiting for IO::Select’s can_read() function ( @ready = $sel-can_read($timeout)) to populate @ready, the response is received and processed. Any idea what could be causing this issue? In a possibly related matter, I noticed in another script that the following code fails in the same manner (network responses stay in the process’s TCP receive queue) with the new system: $sock = new IO::Socket::INET( PeerAddr => "$server", PeerPort => 37, Proto => 'tcp', Timeout => 5 ); Whereas the following code works: $sock = new IO::Socket::INET( PeerAddr => "$server", PeerPort => 37, Proto => 'tcp' ); I have looked through the NET::DNS code and don’t see a timeout passed for the UDP sockets, so I am not sure if that this is related or not. Please let me know if I can provide you with any further information in order to help diagnose this issue. Thanks! -Rich

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• How to write software for my touchpad?

  - by Nona Urbiz

  I have some ideas for improvements on my touchpad, ranging from the run of the mill scroll horizontally at the bottom, tapzones for right click, to more complicated ones. But I have no idea where to get started? I'm working on Windows 7 Home Premium, its an Asus laptop, and I have none of these options natively available to me. Regardless, I want to write something that anyone can use. Where would I start? (it'd be nice to write in c++? is that possible? what are the requirements here? what language would be recommended?)

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• Is it possible to call a user-space callback function from kernel space in Linux (ioctl)?

  - by Makis

  Is it possible to expand the ioctl interface in Linux so that the user-space application can send a pointer to a function to the kernel space driver? I'm in particular thinking of ways to handle the stream in user-controllable way but doing it in the kernel. Those operations could be attached to the kernel module but this would make development a lot easier as I wouldn't need to mess with the kernel during development. More specifically, this would be the process: Data is read by the driver to a buffer. Data is handled by these user-defined functions in place. Some more handling is done, possibly with some HW blocks. Data is used by a user-space application.

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• Looking to learn writing a NDIS or TDI Driver

  - by Victor43

  Can anyone possibly suggest a good book which steps through the development of such a driver written in C. I'm looking for a book which is good for beginners. If there is an online resource on how to do this which explains the process from ground up it would be greatly appreciated. Thanking you Victor

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• memory issue iPad 4.2 crashes

  - by Manoj Kumar

  I am developing a application which receives 600-700 KB of XML data from the server. I have to do some manipulations in that data so once received the data the memory increases to 600 KB to 2 M.B. Already view occupied 4 M.B of memory in the application. So while processing the XML data i m doing some manipulation(pre-parsing) and the memory increases to 600 K.B to 2 M.B and finally decreases to 600 K.B. due to increase in memory, application gives the memory warning. While getting memory warning i m releasing all the views in the navigation controller but it releases only 1 M.B of memory. Even though I release all the views the application is crashing. Please help me out in this issue. It happens in iPad 4.2. Thanks in advance

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• Open C: Directly with `FileStream` without `CreateFile` API

  - by DxCK

  I trying to open C: directly with FileStream without success: new FileStream("C:", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite); System.UnauthorizedAccessException was unhandled Message="Access to the path 'C:\' is denied." Source="mscorlib" StackTrace: in System.IO.__Error.WinIOError(Int32 errorCode, String maybeFullPath) in System.IO.FileStream.Init(String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, Int32 rights, Boolean useRights, FileShare share, Int32 bufferSize, FileOptions options, SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES secAttrs, String msgPath, Boolean bFromProxy) in System.IO.FileStream..ctor(String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, FileShare share, Int32 bufferSize, FileOptions options, String msgPath, Boolean bFromProxy) in System.IO.FileStream..ctor(String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, FileShare share) in ReadingMftNewTest.Program.Main(String[] args) in D:\CS\2008\ReadingMftNewTest\ReadingMftNewTest\Program.cs:line 76 Note that i openning "C:" but the error says "C:\", where did this slash came from? :\ Is there any chance to open C: without using the CreateFile API? I really don't want be depending on WIN32 API because this code should also run on Mono that dont support WIN32 API, but successfully openning devices with regular FileStream (Mono 1 Microsoft 0).

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• Strange error with CreateCompatibleDC

  - by sevaxx

  Maybe this is a foolish question, I can't see why I can not get a DC created in the following code : HBITMAP COcrDlg::LoadClippedBitmap(LPCTSTR pathName,UINT maxWidth,UINT maxHeight) { HBITMAP hBmp = (HBITMAP)::LoadImage(NULL, pathName, IMAGE_BITMAP, 0, 0, LR_LOADFROMFILE | LR_CREATEDIBSECTION); if (!hBmp) return NULL; HDC hdc = (HDC)GetDC(); HDC hdcMem = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc); if (!hdcMem) { DWORD err = GetLastError(); } ... ... ... The bitmap hBmp is loaded fine and hdc has a valid value. But the call to CreateCompatibleDC() returns a NULL pointer. Then, GetLastError() returns 0 ! Anybody can guess what's going on here , please ? PS : There are no memory allocations or GDI routines called before this one...so I think memory leaks should be ruled out.

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• Cheap windows driver signing for 64 bit Windows 7

  - by kayahr

  I need to install the libusb-win32 driver on Windows 7 64 bit machines. This driver is open source so it is not digitally signed so I want to do this my self but I wonder if this can be done WITHOUT paying lot of money. Is it possible to use a certificate which is NOT signed by Verisign or GlobalSign? Maybe self-signed or by using StartSSL instead? And if yes, how do I do it? According to this howto I have to use a "cross-certificate" (And there are only six available on the Microsoft list and most of them are for CAs which are no longer active) I don't care if the user is confronted with a warning message. I can even accept if the user has to install a special CA certificate first. I only require that the driver runs without manually disabling the signature check on each windows startup.

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• Which edition of windows internals should I read?

  - by pecker

  Hello, I want to get into windows driver development. I heard from the community that before diving into driver development one must be familiar with windows internals that means one must read "Windows Internals by Mark Russinovich. I'm going to buy this book today. Which edtition should I buy? 4th edition covers Windows XP & Windows 2003 where as 5th edition covers Windows Vista & windows server 2008. I don't know in driver world how much difference this thing would make. How different are these two editions? should I first read 4th edition & then come to 5th or should I directly dive into 5th?

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• Microsoft Driver Verifier

  - by Benjamin

  In Verifier Dialog, there is a window to select drivers to verify. The list control has 4 column. 1. Verify? 2. Driver name. 3. Provider 4. Version My driver's provider and version are represented as "unknown". I don't know how can I set these values. Where can I set this value? By SignTool? Or Resource file? Yes, this is not a big problem. But I would like to correct that. Let me know please. Thanks.

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• Can I retrieve hard drive diagnostics on a Linux System?

  - by Huckphin

  I am running Linux-2.4 system, and I am attempting to retrieve hard drive diagnostics information, any that might be available. Is there a way that I can retrieve these hard drive statistics?

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• To capture Tv tuner/webcam output

  - by mawia

  Hi! all, We are developting a tool for live video streaming in which we want to broadcast the output of tv tuner on a network.Our project is at it's nascent stage.Our main concern at this moment is to how to capture the output of a tv tuner card.Plz guide us regarding this or provide a pointer where I can detail about the topic. All help will be highly appreciated. Thanks Mawia ps:project is for cross-platform but at the moment even if you tell me of any one platform it will be enough!

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• How to make a secure login using UDID or device token?

  - by Erik B

  So I'm making an app where I want the users to be able add, edit and rate content, but I do not want to force them to register. Instead I was planning on just using their device id or device token to identify them. I'm planning on making both an iPhone and Android version, so I'm looking for a general solution, but the iPhone version has higher priority, so an iPhone specific solution would also be welcome. The problem is that I don't want just anyone to be able to use my web service by sending a phony device id or someone else's device id. How would the client prove to the server that it is providing the correct device id?

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• NET USE command And Network Provider interface.

  - by Benjamin

  When we command "net use" on command prompt, the result has four columns. Status Local Remote Network OK Z: \\10.x.x.x\Public Microsoft Windows Network X: \\10.y.y.y\Public My Network Redirector The Microsoft Windows Network(SMB)'s Status has OK value, but we don't. It's just empty. We implemented NPEnumResource function in our Network Provider dll. But I don't know how can I set the value(OK). How can I do that? Thanks

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