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  • iptables syn flood countermeasure

    - by Penegal
    I'm trying to adjust my iptables firewall to increase the security of my server, and I found something a bit problematic here : I have to set INPUT policy to ACCEPT and, in addition, to have a rule saying iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT. Here comes my script (launched manually for tests) : #!/bin/sh IPT=/sbin/iptables echo "Clearing firewall rules" $IPT -F $IPT -Z $IPT -t nat -F $IPT -t nat -Z $IPT -t mangle -F $IPT -t mangle -Z $IPT -X echo "Defining logging policy for dropped packets" $IPT -N LOGDROP $IPT -A LOGDROP -j LOG -m limit --limit 5/min --log-level debug --log-prefix "iptables rejected: " $IPT -A LOGDROP -j DROP echo "Setting firewall policy" $IPT -P INPUT DROP # Deny all incoming connections $IPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT # Allow all outgoing connections $IPT -P FORWARD DROP # Deny all forwaring echo "Allowing connections from/to lo and incoming connections from eth0" $IPT -I INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $IPT -I OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT #$IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT echo "Setting SYN flood countermeasures" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp -i eth0 --syn -m limit --limit 100/second --limit-burst 200 -j LOGDROP echo "Allowing outgoing traffic corresponding to already initiated connections" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p ALL -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing incoming SSH" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent --set --name SSH -j ACCEPT echo "Setting SSH bruteforce attacks countermeasures (deny more than 10 connections every 10 minutes)" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m recent --update --seconds 600 --hitcount 10 --rttl --name SSH -j LOGDROP echo "Allowing incoming traffic for HTTP, SMTP, NTP, PgSQL and SolR" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 123 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 5433 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 5433 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8983 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 8983 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing outgoing traffic for ICMP, SSH, whois, SMTP, DNS, HTTP, PgSQL and SolR" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 43 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 53 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 80 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 5433 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 5433 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 8983 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 8983 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 5433 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --sport 5433 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 8983 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --sport 8983 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing outgoing FTP backup" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 20:21 -o eth0 -d 91.121.190.78 -j ACCEPT echo "Dropping and logging everything else" $IPT -A INPUT -s 0/0 -j LOGDROP $IPT -A OUTPUT -j LOGDROP $IPT -A FORWARD -j LOGDROP echo "Firewall loaded." echo "Maintaining new rules for 3 minutes for tests" sleep 180 $IPT -nvL echo "Clearing firewall rules" $IPT -F $IPT -Z $IPT -t nat -F $IPT -t nat -Z $IPT -t mangle -F $IPT -t mangle -Z $IPT -X $IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT $IPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT $IPT -P FORWARD ACCEPT When I launch this script (I only have a SSH access), the shell displays every message up to Maintaining new rules for 3 minutes for tests, the server is unresponsive during the 3 minutes delay and then resume normal operations. The only solution I found until now was to set $IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT and $IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT, but this configuration does not protect me of any attack, which is a great shame for a firewall. I suspect that the error comes from my script and not from iptables, but I don't understand what's wrong with my script. Could some do-gooder explain me my error, please? EDIT: here comes the result of iptables -nvL with the "accept all input" ($IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT and $IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT) solution : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 52 ACCEPT all -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp flags:0x17/0x02 limit: avg 100/sec burst 200 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 state NEW recent: SET name: SSH side: source 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 recent: UPDATE seconds: 600 hit_count: 10 TTL-Match name: SSH side: source 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:123 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:8983 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * lo 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 2 728 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:43 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 91.121.190.78 tcp dpts:20:21 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain LOGDROP (5 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOG all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 5/min burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix `iptables rejected: ' 0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 EDIT #2 : I modified my script (policy ACCEPT, defining authorized incoming packets then logging and dropping everything else) to write iptables -nvL results to a file and to allow only 10 ICMP requests per second, logging and dropping everything else. The result proved unexpected : while the server was unavailable to SSH connections, even already established, I ping-flooded it from another server, and the ping rate was restricted to 10 requests per second. During this test, I also tried to open new SSH connections, which remained unanswered until the script flushed rules. Here comes the iptables stats written after these tests : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 600 35520 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 6 360 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp flags:0x17/0x02 limit: avg 100/sec burst 200 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS." ALGO name bm TO 65535 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "Host: anoticiapb.com.br" ALGO name bm TO 65535 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "Host: www.anoticiapb.com.br" ALGO name bm TO 65535 105 8820 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 10/sec burst 5 830 69720 LOGDROP icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 state NEW recent: SET name: SSH side: source 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 recent: UPDATE seconds: 600 hit_count: 10 TTL-Match name: SSH side: source 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:123 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:8983 16 1684 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 600 35520 ACCEPT all -- * lo 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 owner UID match 33 0 0 LOGDROP udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 owner UID match 33 116 11136 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:43 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 91.121.190.18 tcp dpts:20:21 7 1249 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain LOGDROP (11 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 35 3156 LOG all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 1/sec burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix `iptables rejected: ' 859 73013 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Here comes the log content added during this test : Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55666 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55667 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55668 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55669 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:52 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55670 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:54 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55671 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:58 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55672 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=6 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=7 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=8 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=9 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=59 Mar 28 09:53:00 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=152 Mar 28 09:53:01 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=246 Mar 28 09:53:02 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=339 Mar 28 09:53:03 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=432 Mar 28 09:53:04 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=524 Mar 28 09:53:05 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=617 Mar 28 09:53:06 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=711 Mar 28 09:53:07 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=804 Mar 28 09:53:08 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=897 Mar 28 09:53:16 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61402 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:19 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61403 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:21 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55674 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:25 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61404 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=116 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55675 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=116 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55676 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55677 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:38 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55678 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:39 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55679 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:39 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5055 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:41 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55680 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:42 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5056 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:45 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55681 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:48 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5057 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 If I correctly interpreted these results, they say that ICMP rules were correctly interpreted by iptables, but SSH rules were not. This does not make any sense... Does somebody understand where my error comes from? EDIT #3 : After some more tests, I found out that commenting the SYN flood countermeasure removes the problem. I continue researches in this way but, meanwhile, if somebody sees my anti SYN flood rule error...

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  • nested page-faulting of user-space address in Linux

    - by shankar
    Hi, I would like to know if it is functionally wrong to page-fault a user-space address when kernel is running fault-handler to bring in a user-page. OS is Linux 2.6.30 Assume that both user-addresses are valid ( falling within vma , rw permission ) for the task. When I check the kernel code, i find that the kernel does not mind the nested fault if the faulted-addresses are valid and the fault did not occur in atomic-context or in irq handler. (I dont think the answer is cpu-specific, but I would add that i am interested in arm and mips ). eg : The scenario can happen if I print stack-data from page-fault handler. thanks shankar

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  • Zend Framework modular app, can't load models for each module, autoloading models?

    - by EricP
    Is there a way to have models for each module? I have 3 modules, one is a "contacts" module. I created a model for it in modules/contacts/models/Codes.php Codes Controller class Contacts_CodesController extends Zend_Controller_Action { public function init() { /* Initialize action controller here */ $this->view->messages = $this->_helper->flashMessenger->getMessages(); } public function indexAction() { $codesTable = new Contacts_Model_Codes(); } Codes Model: class Contacts_Model_Codes extends Zend_Db_Table { protected $_name = 'codes'; } The error I get: Fatal error: Class 'Contacts_Model_Codes' not found in /Applications/MAMP/htdocs/zf_site/application/modules/contacts/controllers/CodesController.php on line 26 thanks

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  • Linux reboot() system call: why it calls do_exit(0) after kernel_halt()?

    - by axeoth
    This is related to: http://stackoverflow.com/a/13413099/1284631 Now, the question is: Why the reboot() system call, when called with LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_HALT parameter (see here: http://lxr.linux.no/linux+v3.6.6/kernel/sys.c#L480) is calling do_exit(0) after having already called kernel_halt(), as calling kernel_halt() boils down to calling stop_this_cpu() (see here: http://lxr.linux.no/linux+v3.6.6/arch/x86/kernel/process.c#L519), as part of native_machine_halt() (see here: http://lxr.linux.no/linux+v3.6.6/arch/x86/kernel/reboot.c#L680). Or, it seems to me that stop_this_cpu() is never returning (it ends with an infinite loop). So, it is do_exit(0) called just in case that kernel_halt() doesn't do its job and it return? Why not panic() directly instead, then?

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  • Linux buffer cache effect on IO writes?

    - by Patrick LeBoutillier
    I'm copying large files (3 x 30G) between 2 filesystems on a Linux server (kernel 2.6.37, 16 cores, 32G RAM) and I'm getting poor performance. I suspect that the usage of the buffer cache is killing the I/O performance. To try and narrow down the problem I used fio directly on the SAS disk to monitor the performance. Here is the output of 2 fio runs (the first with direct=1, the second one direct=0): Config: [test] rw=write blocksize=32k size=20G filename=/dev/sda # direct=1 Run 1: test: (g=0): rw=write, bs=32K-32K/32K-32K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1 Starting 1 process Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/205M /s] [0/6K iops] [eta 00m:00s] test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=4667 write: io=20,480MB, bw=199MB/s, iops=6,381, runt=102698msec clat (usec): min=104, max=13,388, avg=152.06, stdev=72.43 bw (KB/s) : min=192448, max=213824, per=100.01%, avg=204232.82, stdev=4084.67 cpu : usr=3.37%, sys=16.55%, ctx=655410, majf=0, minf=29 IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0% submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% issued r/w: total=0/655360, short=0/0 lat (usec): 250=99.50%, 500=0.45%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01% lat (msec): 2=0.01%, 4=0.02%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01% Run status group 0 (all jobs): WRITE: io=20,480MB, aggrb=199MB/s, minb=204MB/s, maxb=204MB/s, mint=102698msec, maxt=102698msec Disk stats (read/write): sda: ios=0/655238, merge=0/0, ticks=0/79552, in_queue=78640, util=76.55% Run 2: test: (g=0): rw=write, bs=32K-32K/32K-32K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1 Starting 1 process Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/0K /s] [0/0 iops] [eta 00m:00s] test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=4733 write: io=20,480MB, bw=91,265KB/s, iops=2,852, runt=229786msec clat (usec): min=16, max=127K, avg=349.53, stdev=4694.98 bw (KB/s) : min=56013, max=1390016, per=101.47%, avg=92607.31, stdev=167453.17 cpu : usr=0.41%, sys=6.93%, ctx=21128, majf=0, minf=33 IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0% submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% issued r/w: total=0/655360, short=0/0 lat (usec): 20=5.53%, 50=93.89%, 100=0.02%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01% lat (msec): 2=0.01%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.12% lat (msec): 100=0.38%, 250=0.04% Run status group 0 (all jobs): WRITE: io=20,480MB, aggrb=91,265KB/s, minb=93,455KB/s, maxb=93,455KB/s, mint=229786msec, maxt=229786msec Disk stats (read/write): sda: ios=8/79811, merge=7/7721388, ticks=9/32418456, in_queue=32471983, util=98.98% I'm not knowledgeable enough with fio to interpret the results, but I don't expect the overall performance using the buffer cache to be 50% less than with O_DIRECT. Can someone help me interpret the fio output? Are there any kernel tunings that could fix/minimize the problem? Thanks a lot,

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  • Does the initramfs image file need to be updated whenever grub.conf is modified?

    - by javanix
    I am trying to puzzle out a linux boot configuration problem involving legacy grub (0.97), LVM2, and dracut and trying to eliminate a few red herrings. My trial and error process goes like so: Modify grub.conf Install grub.conf into MBR via grub shell Reboot Kernel panic In the interests of removing #4, am I missing a step in which I need to update the initramfs image? What does the initramfs image contain that might pertain to which filesystems are mounted during boot?

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  • How can I log when reads to /dev/random block?

    - by ldrg
    I've noticed that since updating my server to Debian Squeeze the amount of entropy as reported by /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail is much lower than it was before the upgrade. I would like to know if this lower pool size is big enough to function with or if I need to look into getting more entropy sources. I think having a way to log blocking reads of /dev/random would show whether I have enough entropy or not.

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  • Linux buffer cache effect on IO writes?

    - by Patrick LeBoutillier
    Hi, I'm copying large files (3 x 30G) between 2 filesystems on a Linux server (kernel 2.6.37, 16 cores, 32G RAM) and I'm getting poor performance. I suspect that the usage of the buffer cache is killing the I/O performance. To try and narrow down the problem I used fio directly on the SAS disk to monitor the performance. Here is the output of 2 fio runs (the first with direct=1, the second one direct=0): Config: [test] rw=write blocksize=32k size=20G filename=/dev/sda # direct=1 Run 1: test: (g=0): rw=write, bs=32K-32K/32K-32K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1 Starting 1 process Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/205M /s] [0/6K iops] [eta 00m:00s] test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=4667 write: io=20,480MB, bw=199MB/s, iops=6,381, runt=102698msec clat (usec): min=104, max=13,388, avg=152.06, stdev=72.43 bw (KB/s) : min=192448, max=213824, per=100.01%, avg=204232.82, stdev=4084.67 cpu : usr=3.37%, sys=16.55%, ctx=655410, majf=0, minf=29 IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0% submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% issued r/w: total=0/655360, short=0/0 lat (usec): 250=99.50%, 500=0.45%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01% lat (msec): 2=0.01%, 4=0.02%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01% Run status group 0 (all jobs): WRITE: io=20,480MB, aggrb=199MB/s, minb=204MB/s, maxb=204MB/s, mint=102698msec, maxt=102698msec Disk stats (read/write): sda: ios=0/655238, merge=0/0, ticks=0/79552, in_queue=78640, util=76.55% Run 2: test: (g=0): rw=write, bs=32K-32K/32K-32K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1 Starting 1 process Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/0K /s] [0/0 iops] [eta 00m:00s] test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=4733 write: io=20,480MB, bw=91,265KB/s, iops=2,852, runt=229786msec clat (usec): min=16, max=127K, avg=349.53, stdev=4694.98 bw (KB/s) : min=56013, max=1390016, per=101.47%, avg=92607.31, stdev=167453.17 cpu : usr=0.41%, sys=6.93%, ctx=21128, majf=0, minf=33 IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0% submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% issued r/w: total=0/655360, short=0/0 lat (usec): 20=5.53%, 50=93.89%, 100=0.02%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01% lat (msec): 2=0.01%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.12% lat (msec): 100=0.38%, 250=0.04% Run status group 0 (all jobs): WRITE: io=20,480MB, aggrb=91,265KB/s, minb=93,455KB/s, maxb=93,455KB/s, mint=229786msec, maxt=229786msec Disk stats (read/write): sda: ios=8/79811, merge=7/7721388, ticks=9/32418456, in_queue=32471983, util=98.98% I'm not knowledgeable enough with fio to interpret the results, but I don't expect the overall performance using the buffer cache to be 50% less than with O_DIRECT. Can someone help me interpret the fio output? Are there any kernel tunings that could fix/minimize the problem? Thanks a lot,

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  • How can I switch memory modules to 1600 Mhz?

    - by Salvador
    Some months ago I bought 4 Memory modules of 4GB DDR3 1600 KINGSTON HYPERX. The official Kingston manual says: *This module has been tested to run at DDR3-1600 at a low latency timing of 9-9-9-27 at 1.65V.The SPD is programmed to JEDEC standard latency DDR3-1333 timing of 9-9-9. I cannot find which is the real speed of my memory modules. I normally get from several tools that the real speed is 1333 Mhz srs@ubuntu:~$ sudo dmidecode -t memory # dmidecode 2.9 SMBIOS 2.6 present. Handle 0x005D, DMI type 16, 15 bytes Physical Memory Array Location: System Board Or Motherboard Use: System Memory Error Correction Type: None Maximum Capacity: 32 GB Error Information Handle: 0x005F Number Of Devices: 4 Handle 0x005C, DMI type 17, 28 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x005D Error Information Handle: 0x0060 Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 4096 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: ChannelA-DIMM0 Bank Locator: BANK 0 Type: <OUT OF SPEC> Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) Manufacturer: Kingston Serial Number: 07288F23 Asset Tag: 9876543210 Part Number: 9905403-439.A00LF How can I switch memory modules to 1600 Mhz?

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  • Which will give more free RAM to linux?

    - by Linda Thomas
    Trying to avoid some issues so I've been trying to learn vm. in kernel tuning but still a little confused even after googling. The lower background_ratio is the sooner the flushes? the lower dirty_ratio is the less dirty ram that is kept, right vm.dirty_ratio = 20 vm.dirty_background_ratio = 1 or vm.dirty_ratio = 60 vm.dirty_background_ratio = 20 or vm.dirty_ratio = 20 vm.dirty_background_ratio = 10 or vm.dirty_ratio = 20 vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5

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  • Why is my Mac contacting Romania?

    - by Jack
    I just used Onyx to clean out my caches and log files after which I did a reboot. Browsing the "All Messages" panel of the Console app I noticed this line: 10/27/13 3:38:03.000 PM kernel: 5.106.198.19 Since I did not recognize that IP I did a whois and to my surprise found out that it points to Eurolan Solutions in Romania. So my question is why is my Mac 10.7.5 contacting Romania and how can I stop this from happening? Many thanks

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  • Forcedeth - too many iterations (6) in > nv_nic_irq

    - by RyanC
    Hey, I'm having trouble with an onboard nvidia gigabit network, under times of heavy load on the network, I'm seeing this error logged: "too many iterations (6) in nv_nic_irq" I'm running Hadoop DFS over these NICs and I see checksum errors build up until the whole thing just fails. I'm running the 2.6.26-2-amd64 kernel, and my initial research seems to imply its a problem with the forcedeth driver. Has anyone run into this problem before? Thanks in advance if anyone can help! Ryan

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  • To control decibels in speakers by Ubuntu

    - by Masi
    I need to load the module pcspkr to Linux kernel often by sudo modprobe pcspkr. It sometimes happens that something goes totally wrong such that I cannot stand the amount of decibels in my speakers. I would like to control the amount of decibels in my speakers and to have a visual speaker in my top panel which indicates the amount of decibels in my computer at each given time How can you solve at least one of the problems?

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  • How to disable or tune filesystem cache sharing for OpenVZ?

    - by gertvdijk
    For OpenVZ, an example of container-based virtualization, it seems that host and all guests are sharing the filesystem cache. This sounds paradoxical when talking about virtualization, but this is actually a feature of OpenVZ. It makes sense too. Because only one kernel is running, it's possible to benefit from sharing the same pages of filesystem cache in memory. And while it sounds beneficial, I think a set up here actually suffers in performance from it. Here's why I think why: my machines aren't actually sharing any files on disk so I can't benefit from this feature in OpenVZ. Several OpenVZ machines are running MySQL with MyISAM tables. MyISAM relies on the system's filesystem cache for caching of data files, unlike InnoDB's buffer pool. Also some virtual machines are known to do heavy and large I/O operations on the same filesystem in the host. For example, when running cat *.MYD > /dev/null on some large database in one machine, I saw the filesystem cache lowering in another, monitored by htop. This essentially flushes all the useful filesystem cache in guests (FIFO) and so it flushes the MySQL caches in the guests. Now users are complaining that MySQL is very slow. And it is. Some simple SELECT queries take several seconds on times disk I/O is heavily used by other machines. So, simply put: Is there a way to avoid filesystem cache being wiped out by other virtual machines in container-based virtualization? Some thoughts: Choosing algorithm for flushing filesystem cache in the kernel. (possible? how?) Reserving a certain amount of pages for a single VM. (seems no option for filesystem cache type of pages that reading man vzctl) Will running MySQL on another filesystem get me anywhere? If not, I think my alternatives are: Use KVM for MySQL-MyISAM running VMs. KVM actually assigns memory to the VM and does not allow swapping out caches unless using a balloon driver. Move to InnoDB and tune the buffer pools, dirty pages, etc. This is now considered to be 'nice to have' on the long-term as not everyone responsible for administration of the system understands InnoDB. more suggestions welcome. System software: Proxmox (now 1.9, could be upgraded to 2.x). One big LV assigned for the VMs.

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  • Why is Linux choosing the wrong source ip address

    - by Scheintod
    and what to do to let it choose the right one? This all happens inside an OpenVZ container: The Host is Debian/Wheezy with Redhat/OpenVZ Kernel: root@mycl2:~# uname -a Linux mycl2 2.6.32-openvz-042stab081.5-amd64 #1 SMP Mon Sep 30 16:40:27 MSK 2013 x86_64 GNU/Linux The container has two (virtual) network interfaces. One in public and one in private address-space: root@mycl2:~# ifconfig lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) venet0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:127.0.0.2 P-t-P:127.0.0.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP BROADCAST POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:475 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:775 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:32059 (31.3 KiB) TX bytes:56309 (54.9 KiB) venet0:0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:80.123.123.29 P-t-P:80.123.123.29 Bcast:80.123.123.29 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP BROADCAST POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 venet0:1 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:10.0.1.29 P-t-P:10.0.1.29 Bcast:10.0.1.29 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP BROADCAST POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 The route to the private network is set manually: root@mycl2:~# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 venet0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 venet0 Tring to ping others on the private network leads to the wrong source address been choosen: root@mycl2:~# ip route get 10.0.1.26 10.0.1.26 dev venet0 src 80.123.123.29 cache mtu 1500 advmss 1460 hoplimit 64 Why is this and what can I do about it? EDIT: If I create the route with (thanks to Joshua) ip route add 10.0.0.0/8 dev venet0 src 10.0.1.29 it is working. But according to man ip-route the src parameter should only set the source-ip if this route is chosen. But if this route is chosen then the source-ip would be that anyway.

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  • Microsoft sort en open source NPM.NET, une bibliothèque qui facilite la gestion des modules Node.js dans une application

    Microsoft sort en open source NPM.NET une bibliothèque qui facilite la gestion des modules Node.js dans une application Bonne nouvelle pour les développeurs Node.js qui éprouvent des difficultés pour gérer les différents modules qui sont utilisés dans leurs applications reposant sur la librairie serveur JavaScript. Microsoft vient de publier en open source NPM.NET, une bibliothèque .NET pour le gestionnaire de modules Node.js (NPM). NPM.NET a été développé à la base pour être utilisé dans une extension pour WebMatrix 2, l'environnement de développement Web gratuit de Microsoft tout-en-un. La bibliothèque permet à l'EDI de disposer d'une interface graphique sous fo...

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  • Loading, listing, and using R Modules and Functions in PL/R

    - by Dave Jarvis
    I am having difficulty with: Listing the R packages and functions available to PostgreSQL. Installing a package (such as Kendall) for use with PL/R Calling an R function within PostgreSQL Listing Available R Packages Q.1. How do you find out what R modules have been loaded? SELECT * FROM r_typenames(); That shows the types that are available, but what about checking if Kendall( X, Y ) is loaded? For example, the documentation shows: CREATE TABLE plr_modules ( modseq int4, modsrc text ); That seems to allow inserting records to dictate that Kendall is to be loaded, but the following code doesn't explain, syntactically, how to ensure that it gets loaded: INSERT INTO plr_modules VALUES (0, 'pg.test.module.load <-function(msg) {print(msg)}'); Q.2. What would the above line look like if you were trying to load Kendall? Q.3. Is it applicable? Installing R Packages Using the "synaptic" package manager the following packages have been installed: r-base r-base-core r-base-dev r-base-html r-base-latex r-cran-acepack r-cran-boot r-cran-car r-cran-chron r-cran-cluster r-cran-codetools r-cran-design r-cran-foreign r-cran-hmisc r-cran-kernsmooth r-cran-lattice r-cran-matrix r-cran-mgcv r-cran-nlme r-cran-quadprog r-cran-robustbase r-cran-rpart r-cran-survival r-cran-vr r-recommended Q.4. How do I know if Kendall is in there? Q.5. If it isn't, how do I find out what package it is in? Q.6. If it isn't in a package suitable for installing with apt-get (aptitude, synaptic, dpkg, what have you), how do I go about installing it on Ubuntu? Q.7. Where are the installation steps documented? Calling R Functions I have the following code: EXECUTE 'SELECT ' 'regr_slope( amount, year_taken ),' 'regr_intercept( amount, year_taken ),' 'corr( amount, year_taken ),' 'sum( measurements ) AS total_measurements ' 'FROM temp_regression' INTO STRICT slope, intercept, correlation, total_measurements; This code calls the PostgreSQL function corr to calculate Pearson's correlation over the data. Ideally, I'd like to do the following (by switching corr for plr_kendall): EXECUTE 'SELECT ' 'regr_slope( amount, year_taken ),' 'regr_intercept( amount, year_taken ),' 'plr_kendall( amount, year_taken ),' 'sum( measurements ) AS total_measurements ' 'FROM temp_regression' INTO STRICT slope, intercept, correlation, total_measurements; Q.8. Do I have to write plr_kendall myself? Q.9. Where can I find a simple example that walks through: Loading an R module into PG. Writing a PG wrapper for the desired R function. Calling the PG wrapper from a SELECT. For example, would the last two steps look like: create or replace function plr_kendall( _float8, _float8 ) returns float as ' agg_kendall(arg1, arg2) ' language 'plr'; CREATE AGGREGATE agg_kendall ( sfunc = plr_array_accum, basetype = float8, -- ??? stype = _float8, -- ??? finalfunc = plr_kendall ); And then the SELECT as above? Thank you!

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  • Why are those modules being loaded in an ASP.NET project (not website)

    - by petergmagid
    I have an ASP.NET 3.5 Project (not website) and I don't understand why all these modules are being created and loaded. I thought that with a web project it would all compile to a single .DLL 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_fwtnlvuq.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_vb8hmtmg.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_v-nkuwgl.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_wn_uucrw.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_ngd_8nhu.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_8keebrhe.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_ohg9e50r.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_yhmgvhum.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_4qltywkk.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_1nml5ezc.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_cdju8bdk.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_xhugloto.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_rkqqzc0u.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_-vfyn7ik.dll', Symbols loaded. 'WebDev.WebServer.EXE' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\reviewstat_20\c147e006\64781866\App_Web_cthyzgij.dll', Symbols loaded.

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  • Blank Screen at boot Ubuntu 12.04 - nvidia-current - Macbook Air 3,2

    - by soulnafein
    I've installed nvidia-current using the Additional Drivers application in Ubuntu 12.04. I need those drivers so I can use accelerated WebGL. After installing the drivers, and rebooting X fails to start and I have a frozen system/dark screen. Below is the content of Xorg.0.log How can I fix this problem? [ 4.666] X.Org X Server 1.11.3 Release Date: 2011-12-16 [ 4.666] X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0 [ 4.666] Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.42-23-generic x86_64 Ubuntu [ 4.666] Current Operating System: Linux david-macbook-air 3.2.0-34-generic #53-Ubuntu SMP Thu Nov 15 10:48:16 UTC 2012 x86_64 [ 4.666] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-34-generic root=UUID=b3d5ae2a-72af-4ef9-b775-0d40b5f80f9b ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7 [ 4.666] Build Date: 29 August 2012 12:12:33AM [ 4.666] xorg-server 2:1.11.4-0ubuntu10.8 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support) [ 4.666] Current version of pixman: 0.24.4 [ 4.666] Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org to make sure that you have the latest version. [ 4.666] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting, (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational, (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown. [ 4.666] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Thu Dec 13 10:18:02 2012 [ 4.668] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d" [ 4.668] (==) No Layout section. Using the first Screen section. [ 4.668] (==) No screen section available. Using defaults. [ 4.668] (**) |-->Screen "Default Screen Section" (0) [ 4.668] (**) | |-->Monitor "<default monitor>" [ 4.668] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Default Screen Section". Using a default monitor configuration. [ 4.668] (==) Automatically adding devices [ 4.668] (==) Automatically enabling devices [ 4.668] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist. [ 4.668] Entry deleted from font path. [ 4.668] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/" does not exist. [ 4.668] Entry deleted from font path. [ 4.669] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/" does not exist. [ 4.669] Entry deleted from font path. [ 4.669] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" does not exist. [ 4.669] Entry deleted from font path. [ 4.669] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" does not exist. [ 4.669] Entry deleted from font path. [ 4.669] (WW) The directory "/var/lib/defoma/x-ttcidfont-conf.d/dirs/TrueType" does not exist. [ 4.669] Entry deleted from font path. [ 4.669] (==) FontPath set to: /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc, /usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1, built-ins [ 4.669] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/modules" [ 4.669] (II) The server relies on udev to provide the list of input devices. If no devices become available, reconfigure udev or disable AutoAddDevices. [ 4.669] (II) Loader magic: 0x7f6222467b00 [ 4.669] (II) Module ABI versions: [ 4.669] X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4 [ 4.669] X.Org Video Driver: 11.0 [ 4.669] X.Org XInput driver : 16.0 [ 4.669] X.Org Server Extension : 6.0 [ 4.670] (--) PCI:*(0:2:0:0) 10de:08a3:106b:00d3 rev 162, Mem @ 0x92000000/16777216, 0x80000000/268435456, 0x90000000/33554432, I/O @ 0x00001000/128, BIOS @ 0x????????/131072 [ 4.670] (II) Open ACPI successful (/var/run/acpid.socket) [ 4.670] (II) LoadModule: "extmod" [ 4.671] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libextmod.so [ 4.671] (II) Module extmod: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.671] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 1.0.0 [ 4.671] Module class: X.Org Server Extension [ 4.671] ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 6.0 [ 4.671] (II) Loading extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER [ 4.671] (II) Loading extension XFree86-VidModeExtension [ 4.671] (II) Loading extension XFree86-DGA [ 4.671] (II) Loading extension DPMS [ 4.671] (II) Loading extension XVideo [ 4.671] (II) Loading extension XVideo-MotionCompensation [ 4.671] (II) Loading extension X-Resource [ 4.671] (II) LoadModule: "dbe" [ 4.671] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libdbe.so [ 4.671] (II) Module dbe: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.671] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 1.0.0 [ 4.671] Module class: X.Org Server Extension [ 4.671] ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 6.0 [ 4.671] (II) Loading extension DOUBLE-BUFFER [ 4.671] (II) LoadModule: "glx" [ 4.671] (II) Loading /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/libglx.so [ 4.869] (II) Module glx: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation" [ 4.869] compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0 [ 4.869] Module class: X.Org Server Extension [ 4.869] (II) NVIDIA GLX Module 295.40 Thu Apr 5 21:57:38 PDT 2012 [ 4.869] (II) Loading extension GLX [ 4.869] (II) LoadModule: "record" [ 4.870] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/librecord.so [ 4.870] (II) Module record: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.870] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 1.13.0 [ 4.870] Module class: X.Org Server Extension [ 4.870] ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 6.0 [ 4.870] (II) Loading extension RECORD [ 4.870] (II) LoadModule: "dri" [ 4.870] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libdri.so [ 4.870] (II) Module dri: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.870] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 1.0.0 [ 4.870] ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 6.0 [ 4.870] (II) Loading extension XFree86-DRI [ 4.870] (II) LoadModule: "dri2" [ 4.871] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libdri2.so [ 4.871] (II) Module dri2: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.871] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 1.2.0 [ 4.871] ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 6.0 [ 4.871] (II) Loading extension DRI2 [ 4.871] (==) Matched nvidia as autoconfigured driver 0 [ 4.871] (==) Matched nouveau as autoconfigured driver 1 [ 4.871] (==) Matched nv as autoconfigured driver 2 [ 4.871] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 3 [ 4.871] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 4 [ 4.871] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout [ 4.871] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia" [ 4.871] (II) Loading /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/nvidia_drv.so [ 4.887] (II) Module nvidia: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation" [ 4.887] compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0 [ 4.887] Module class: X.Org Video Driver [ 4.892] (II) LoadModule: "nouveau" [ 4.894] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nouveau_drv.so [ 4.894] (II) Module nouveau: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.894] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 1.0.2 [ 4.894] Module class: X.Org Video Driver [ 4.894] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 11.0 [ 4.894] (II) LoadModule: "nv" [ 4.895] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nv [ 4.895] (II) UnloadModule: "nv" [ 4.895] (II) Unloading nv [ 4.895] (EE) Failed to load module "nv" (module does not exist, 0) [ 4.895] (II) LoadModule: "vesa" [ 4.895] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so [ 4.896] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.896] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 2.3.0 [ 4.896] Module class: X.Org Video Driver [ 4.896] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 11.0 [ 4.896] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev" [ 4.896] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so [ 4.896] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.896] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 0.4.2 [ 4.896] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 11.0 [ 4.896] (==) Matched nvidia as autoconfigured driver 0 [ 4.896] (==) Matched nouveau as autoconfigured driver 1 [ 4.896] (==) Matched nv as autoconfigured driver 2 [ 4.896] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 3 [ 4.896] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 4 [ 4.896] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout [ 4.896] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia" [ 4.896] (II) Loading /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/nvidia_drv.so [ 4.896] (II) Module nvidia: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation" [ 4.896] compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0 [ 4.896] Module class: X.Org Video Driver [ 4.896] (II) UnloadModule: "nvidia" [ 4.896] (II) Unloading nvidia [ 4.896] (II) Failed to load module "nvidia" (already loaded, 32610) [ 4.896] (II) LoadModule: "nouveau" [ 4.897] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nouveau_drv.so [ 4.897] (II) Module nouveau: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.897] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 1.0.2 [ 4.897] Module class: X.Org Video Driver [ 4.897] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 11.0 [ 4.897] (II) UnloadModule: "nouveau" [ 4.897] (II) Unloading nouveau [ 4.897] (II) Failed to load module "nouveau" (already loaded, 32610) [ 4.897] (II) LoadModule: "nv" [ 4.897] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nv [ 4.897] (II) UnloadModule: "nv" [ 4.897] (II) Unloading nv [ 4.897] (EE) Failed to load module "nv" (module does not exist, 0) [ 4.897] (II) LoadModule: "vesa" [ 4.898] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so [ 4.898] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.898] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 2.3.0 [ 4.898] Module class: X.Org Video Driver [ 4.898] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 11.0 [ 4.898] (II) UnloadModule: "vesa" [ 4.898] (II) Unloading vesa [ 4.898] (II) Failed to load module "vesa" (already loaded, 0) [ 4.898] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev" [ 4.898] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so [ 4.898] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.898] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 0.4.2 [ 4.898] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 11.0 [ 4.898] (II) UnloadModule: "fbdev" [ 4.898] (II) Unloading fbdev [ 4.899] (II) Failed to load module "fbdev" (already loaded, 0) [ 4.899] (II) NVIDIA dlloader X Driver 295.40 Thu Apr 5 21:38:35 PDT 2012 [ 4.899] (II) NVIDIA Unified Driver for all Supported NVIDIA GPUs [ 4.899] (II) NOUVEAU driver Date: Wed Sep 12 13:42:43 2012 +0200 [ 4.899] (II) NOUVEAU driver for NVIDIA chipset families : [ 4.899] RIVA TNT (NV04) [ 4.899] RIVA TNT2 (NV05) [ 4.899] GeForce 256 (NV10) [ 4.899] GeForce 2 (NV11, NV15) [ 4.899] GeForce 4MX (NV17, NV18) [ 4.899] GeForce 3 (NV20) [ 4.900] GeForce 4Ti (NV25, NV28) [ 4.900] GeForce FX (NV3x) [ 4.900] GeForce 6 (NV4x) [ 4.900] GeForce 7 (G7x) [ 4.900] GeForce 8 (G8x) [ 4.900] GeForce GTX 200 (NVA0) [ 4.900] GeForce GTX 400 (NVC0) [ 4.900] (II) VESA: driver for VESA chipsets: vesa [ 4.900] (II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev [ 4.900] (++) using VT number 7 [ 4.902] (II) Loading sub module "fb" [ 4.902] (II) LoadModule: "fb" [ 4.902] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfb.so [ 4.902] (II) Module fb: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.902] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 1.0.0 [ 4.902] ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4 [ 4.902] (II) Loading sub module "wfb" [ 4.902] (II) LoadModule: "wfb" [ 4.903] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libwfb.so [ 4.905] (II) Module wfb: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.905] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 1.0.0 [ 4.905] ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4 [ 4.905] (II) Loading sub module "ramdac" [ 4.905] (II) LoadModule: "ramdac" [ 4.905] (II) Module "ramdac" already built-in [ 4.907] (II) Loading /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/nvidia_drv.so [ 4.907] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libwfb.so [ 4.907] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfb.so [ 4.912] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for vesa [ 4.912] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fbdev [ 4.912] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw" [ 4.912] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw" [ 4.912] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so [ 4.912] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 4.912] compiled for 1.11.3, module version = 0.0.2 [ 4.912] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 11.0 [ 4.912] (II) NVIDIA(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section "Default Screen Section" for depth/fbbpp 24/32 [ 4.912] (==) NVIDIA(0): Depth 24, (==) framebuffer bpp 32 [ 4.912] (==) NVIDIA(0): RGB weight 888 [ 4.912] (==) NVIDIA(0): Default visual is TrueColor [ 4.912] (==) NVIDIA(0): Using gamma correction (1.0, 1.0, 1.0) [ 4.912] (**) NVIDIA(0): Enabling 2D acceleration [ 5.442] (EE) NVIDIA(0): Failed to initialize the display subsystem for the NVIDIA [ 5.442] (EE) NVIDIA(0): graphics device! [ 5.442] (EE) NVIDIA(0): Failed to get supported display device(s) [ 5.442] (EE) NVIDIA(0): Failed to initialize dac HAL [ 5.442] (II) UnloadModule: "nvidia" [ 5.442] (II) Unloading nvidia [ 5.442] (II) UnloadModule: "wfb" [ 5.442] (II) Unloading wfb [ 5.442] (II) UnloadModule: "fb" [ 5.443] (II) Unloading fb [ 5.443] (EE) Screen(s) found, but none have a usable configuration. [ 5.443] Fatal server error: [ 5.443] no screens found [ 5.443] Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support at http://wiki.x.org for help. [ 5.443] Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information. [ 5.443] [ 5.447] ddxSigGiveUp: Closing log [ 5.447] Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.

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