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  • Advice on SCRUM for the solitary developer [closed]

    - by ProfK
    Possible Duplicate: Agile for the Solo Developer I am looking for advice on the SCRUM process for a solitary developer. Most SCRUM resources I see focus on its use in a team environment, hence my question here. I'd like some guidance on structuring and managing my projects for SCRUM, with me as a solitary developer and business owner, but still occasionally including my clients for input and feedback. Areas I'm not clear on include resolving my backlog into 'sprintable' project areas and stories, defining user stories properly with a view to being digested by developer level users, defining feasible sprints for a single developer etc. Essentially I'm looking for advice on moving from using scrum in a team/office environment, with colleagues and project manager, and using chaos/cowboy-coding on my own, to assuming the role of PM myself and adopting scrum for work on my own. Any advice is welcome.

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  • New Release of ROracle posted to CRAN

    - by mhornick
    Oracle recently updated ROracle to version 1.1-2 on CRAN with enhancements and bug fixes. The major enhancements include the introduction of Oracle Wallet Manager and support for datetime and interval types.  Oracle Wallet support in ROracle allows users to manage public key security from the client R session. Oracle Wallet allows passwords to be stored and read by Oracle Database, allowing safe storage of database login credentials. In addition, we added support for datetime and interval types when selecting data, which expands ROracle's support for date data.  See the ROracle NEWS for the complete list of updates. We encourage ROracle users to post questions and provide feedback on the Oracle R Forum. In addition to being a high performance database interface to Oracle Database from R for general use, ROracle supports database access for Oracle R Enterprise.

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  • Codeur.com : plus de 550 appels d'offre ouverts en ce moment sur la première place de marché des prestataires freelances en France

    Codeur.com : plus de 550 appels d'offre ouverts en ce moment sur la 1ère place de marché des prestataires freelances en France Codeur.com est la 1ère place de marché des prestataires freelances en France. Elle compte 26.189 prestataires inscrits et plus de 21.893 appels d'offres publiés depuis sa création 2006. Comme son nom l'indique, Codeur permet de trouver, ou de proposer ses services en tant que développeur mais aussi webmaster, graphiste, référenceur, traducteur, infogérant, rédacteur, community manager et web marketeur. Tous les métiers du web sont représentés. Depuis l'année dernière : le site est gratuit pour les porteurs de projet et très abordable pour les prest...

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  • Building Java EE in the Cloud–Webcast August 30th 2012

    - by JuergenKress
    Building Java EE in the Cloud Thursday, August 30, 2012 at 10:00 AM PDT While cloud computing is making big strides, there are challenges in enterprises to start meaningful adoption of the technology. Steps to cloud adoption by the enterprises are different - often with varying results. Some choose to optimize current applications with basic steps, resulting in minimal benefits. Others transform the entire portfolio, with a complete architecture overhaul, and build business agility as a result. Join Anand Kothari, Principal Product Manager for Oracle Cloud Java Service and Larry Carvalho, Principal Analyst at Robust Cloud, LLC as they discuss the evolution of the cloud, and how Oracle Cloud Java Service enables enterprises to make transformational changes. Speakers: Anand Kothari and Larry Carvalho For details please visit the registration page WebLogic Partner Community For regular information become a member in the WebLogic Partner Community please visit: http://www.oracle.com/partners/goto/wls-emea ( OPN account required). If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. Blog Twitter LinkedIn Mix Forum Wiki Technorati Tags: Anand Kothari,Larry Carvalho,Java,Java EE6,WebLogic,WebLogic Community,Oracle,OPN,Jürgen Kress,Cloud

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  • VirtualBox 4.0 Rocks Extensions and a Simplified GUI

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    If you’re a fan of VirtualBox you’ll definitely want to grab the new 4.0 update; it comes packed with an extension manager, a fresh and user-friendly GUI, live virtual machine previews, and more. Check out our screenshot tour for a closer look. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How to Use the Avira Rescue CD to Clean Your Infected PC The Complete List of iPad Tips, Tricks, and Tutorials Is Your Desktop Printer More Expensive Than Printing Services? 20 OS X Keyboard Shortcuts You Might Not Know HTG Explains: Which Linux File System Should You Choose? HTG Explains: Why Does Photo Paper Improve Print Quality? Sunset in a Tropical Paradise Wallpaper Natural Wood Grain Icons for Your Desktop and App Launcher Docks My Blackberry Is Not Working! The Apple Too?! [Funny Video] Hidden Tracks Your Stolen Mac; Free Until End of January Why the Other Checkout Line Always Moves Faster World of Warcraft Theme for Windows 7

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  • TFS work items tips

    - by Michael Freidgeim
    We started to use TFS to track requests using Work items. 1. Telerik's  TFS Work Item Manager (beta version for TFS 2010 is available) that could be interesting to use instead of standard VS2010, especially for someone who doesn’t want to have VS installed on their machine.(thanks to dimarzionist who pointed to the tool).See also TFS Project Dashboa 2.Visual Studio TFS work item attachments Tab I've found that Outlook emails can be dropped to TFS work item attachments. Just open TFS work item attachment tab and drag and drop Outlook email to it. Also you can copy any selected text and paste it to TFS work item attachments tab. The text will be saved as an attachment file.

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  • Oracle OpenWorld Healthcare Integration Session Highlights Challenges & Solutions

    - by Bruce Tierney
    In today’s session co-presented by Steve Schenks, Integration Architect from Ascension Health and Oracle’s Sundar Shenbagam and Suresh Sharma (apparently your initials must be SS to present during this session), interesting insights in many different areas including Steve’s descriptions of the challenges with their previous environment: Disparate hardware and software is an issue common across healthcare and most other industries…Larry Ellison spoke on this topic during Sundays’ keynote address. In the last part of session, Suresh is planning to go over some of the best practices and lesson learned to implement successful healthcare applications and will discuss the different options to model Sequencing (FIF0) use cases (one of most common use cases in the provider market). The session was “Implementing Successful Healthcare Applications with Oracle SOA Suite” – Session # CON8546. For more information about this session, please contact Senior Principal Product Manager Suresh Sharma

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  • Oracle OpenWorld Healthcare Integration Session Highlights Challenges & Solutions

    - by Nitesh Jain
    In today’s session co-presented by Steve Schenks, Integration Architect from Ascension Health and Oracle’s Sundar Shenbagam and Suresh Sharma (apparently your initials must be SS to present during this session), interesting insights in many different areas including Steve’s descriptions of the challenges with their previous environment: Disparate hardware and software is an issue common across healthcare and most other industries…Larry Ellison spoke on this topic during Sundays’ keynote address.  In the last part of session, Suresh is planning to go over some of the best practices and lesson learned to implement successful healthcare applications and will discuss the different options to model Sequencing (FIF0) use cases (one of most common use cases in the provider market). The session was “Implementing Successful Healthcare Applications with Oracle SOA Suite” – Session # CON8546. For more information about this session, please contact Senior Principal Product Manager Suresh Sharma Ref : https://blogs.oracle.com/SOA/entry/oracle_openworld_healthcare_integration_session

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  • Microsoft&rsquo;s new technical computing initiative

    - by Randy Walker
    I made a mental note from earlier in the year.  Microsoft literally buys computers by the truckload.  From what I understand, it’s a typical practice amongst large software vendors.  You plug a few wires in, you test it, and you instantly have mega tera tera flops (don’t hold me to that number).  Microsoft has been trying to plug away at their cloud services (named Azure).  Which, for the layman, means Microsoft runs your software on their computers, and as demand increases you can allocate more computing power on the fly. With this in mind, it doesn’t surprise me that I was recently sent an executive email concerning Microsoft’s new technical computing initiative.  I find it to be a great marketing idea with actual substance behind their real work.  From the programmer academic perspective, in college we dreamed about this type of processing power.  This has decades of computer science theory behind it. A copy of the email received.  (note that I almost deleted this email, thinking it was spam due to it’s length) We don't often think about how complex life really is. Take the relatively simple task of commuting to and from work: it is, in fact, a complicated interplay of variables such as weather, train delays, accidents, traffic patterns, road construction, etc. You can however, take steps to shorten your commute - using a good, predictive understanding of a few of these variables. In fact, you probably are already taking these inputs and instinctively building a predictive model that you act on daily to get to your destination more quickly. Now, when we apply the same method to very complex tasks, this modeling approach becomes much more challenging. Recent world events clearly demonstrated our inability to process vast amounts of information and variables that would have helped to more accurately predict the behavior of global financial markets or the occurrence and impact of a volcano eruption in Iceland. To make sense of issues like these, researchers, engineers and analysts create computer models of the almost infinite number of possible interactions in complex systems. But, they need increasingly more sophisticated computer models to better understand how the world behaves and to make fact-based predictions about the future. And, to do this, it requires a tremendous amount of computing power to process and examine the massive data deluge from cameras, digital sensors and precision instruments of all kinds. This is the key to creating more accurate and realistic models that expose the hidden meaning of data, which gives us the kind of insight we need to solve a myriad of challenges. We have made great strides in our ability to build these kinds of computer models, and yet they are still too difficult, expensive and time consuming to manage. Today, even the most complicated data-rich simulations cannot fully capture all of the intricacies and dependencies of the systems they are trying to model. That is why, across the scientific and engineering world, it is so hard to say with any certainty when or where the next volcano will erupt and what flight patterns it might affect, or to more accurately predict something like a global flu pandemic. So far, we just cannot collect, correlate and compute enough data to create an accurate forecast of the real world. But this is about to change. Innovations in technology are transforming our ability to measure, monitor and model how the world behaves. The implication for scientific research is profound, and it will transform the way we tackle global challenges like health care and climate change. It will also have a huge impact on engineering and business, delivering breakthroughs that could lead to the creation of new products, new businesses and even new industries. Because you are a subscriber to executive e-mails from Microsoft, I want you to be the first to know about a new effort focused specifically on empowering millions of the world's smartest problem solvers. Today, I am happy to introduce Microsoft's Technical Computing initiative. Our goal is to unleash the power of pervasive, accurate, real-time modeling to help people and organizations achieve their objectives and realize their potential. We are bringing together some of the brightest minds in the technical computing community across industry, academia and science at www.modelingtheworld.com to discuss trends, challenges and shared opportunities. New advances provide the foundation for tools and applications that will make technical computing more affordable and accessible where mathematical and computational principles are applied to solve practical problems. One day soon, complicated tasks like building a sophisticated computer model that would typically take a team of advanced software programmers months to build and days to run, will be accomplished in a single afternoon by a scientist, engineer or analyst working at the PC on their desktop. And as technology continues to advance, these models will become more complete and accurate in the way they represent the world. This will speed our ability to test new ideas, improve processes and advance our understanding of systems. Our technical computing initiative reflects the best of Microsoft's heritage. Ever since Bill Gates articulated the then far-fetched vision of "a computer on every desktop" in the early 1980's, Microsoft has been at the forefront of expanding the power and reach of computing to benefit the world. As someone who worked closely with Bill for many years at Microsoft, I am happy to share with you that the passion behind that vision is fully alive at Microsoft and is carried out in the creation of our new Technical Computing group. Enabling more people to make better predictions We have seen the impact of making greater computing power more available firsthand through our investments in high performance computing (HPC) over the past five years. Scientists, engineers and analysts in organizations of all sizes and sectors are finding that using distributed computational power creates societal impact, fuels scientific breakthroughs and delivers competitive advantages. For example, we have seen remarkable results from some of our current customers: Malaria strikes 300,000 to 500,000 people around the world each year. To help in the effort to eradicate malaria worldwide, scientists at Intellectual Ventures use software that simulates how the disease spreads and would respond to prevention and control methods, such as vaccines and the use of bed nets. Technical computing allows researchers to model more detailed parameters for more accurate results and receive those results in less than an hour, rather than waiting a full day. Aerospace engineering firm, a.i. solutions, Inc., needed a more powerful computing platform to keep up with the increasingly complex computational needs of its customers: NASA, the Department of Defense and other government agencies planning space flights. To meet that need, it adopted technical computing. Now, a.i. solutions can produce detailed predictions and analysis of the flight dynamics of a given spacecraft, from optimal launch times and orbit determination to attitude control and navigation, up to eight times faster. This enables them to avoid mistakes in any areas that can cause a space mission to fail and potentially result in the loss of life and millions of dollars. Western & Southern Financial Group faced the challenge of running ever larger and more complex actuarial models as its number of policyholders and products grew and regulatory requirements changed. The company chose an actuarial solution that runs on technical computing technology. The solution is easy for the company's IT staff to manage and adjust to meet business needs. The new solution helps the company reduce modeling time by up to 99 percent - letting the team fine-tune its models for more accurate product pricing and financial projections. Our Technical Computing direction Collaborating closely with partners across industry and academia, we must now extend the reach of technical computing even further to help predictive modelers and data explorers make faster, more accurate predictions. As we build the Technical Computing initiative, we will invest in three core areas: Technical computing to the cloud: Microsoft will play a leading role in bringing technical computing power to scientists, engineers and analysts through the cloud. Existing high- performance computing users will benefit from the ability to augment their on-premises systems with cloud resources that enable 'just-in-time' processing. This platform will help ensure processing resources are available whenever they are needed-reliably, consistently and quickly. Simplify parallel development: Today, computers are shipping with more processing power than ever, including multiple cores, but most modern software only uses a small amount of the available processing power. Parallel programs are extremely difficult to write, test and trouble shoot. However, a consistent model for parallel programming can help more developers unlock the tremendous power in today's modern computers and enable a new generation of technical computing. We are delivering new tools to automate and simplify writing software through parallel processing from the desktop... to the cluster... to the cloud. Develop powerful new technical computing tools and applications: We know scientists, engineers and analysts are pushing common tools (i.e., spreadsheets and databases) to the limits with complex, data-intensive models. They need easy access to more computing power and simplified tools to increase the speed of their work. We are building a platform to do this. Our development efforts will yield new, easy-to-use tools and applications that automate data acquisition, modeling, simulation, visualization, workflow and collaboration. This will allow them to spend more time on their work and less time wrestling with complicated technology. Thinking bigger There is so much left to be discovered and so many questions yet to be answered in the fascinating world around us. We believe the technical computing community will show us that we have not seen anything yet. Imagine just some of the breakthroughs this community could make possible: Better predictions to help improve the understanding of pandemics, contagion and global health trends. Climate change models that predict environmental, economic and human impact, accessible in real-time during key discussions and debates. More accurate prediction of natural disasters and their impact to develop more effective emergency response plans. With an ambitious charter in hand, this new team is ready to build on our progress to-date and execute Microsoft's technical computing vision over the months and years ahead. We will steadily invest in the right technologies, tools and talent, and work to bring together the technical computing community. I invite you to visit www.modelingtheworld.com today. We welcome your ideas and feedback. I look forward to making this journey with you and others who want to answer the world's biggest questions, discover solutions to problems that seem impossible and uncover a host of new opportunities to change the world we live in for the better. Bob

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  • Dartisans Ep. 7 - Dart news and special guests

    Dartisans Ep. 7 - Dart news and special guests In this episode of Dartisans, we talk to Kevin Moore and Bob Nystrom about the latest language changes as Dart heads to M1. We'll also chat about Dart's package manager and Kevin's proposed package structure. If we're lucky, we'll get a sneak peek at the Seattle Dart Hackathon (on July 14th) and Bob's Dart talk at OSCON. Learn more at www.dartlang.org From: GoogleDevelopers Views: 211 12 ratings Time: 42:04 More in Science & Technology

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  • Is measuring software project metrics popular in todays industry?

    - by Russ K
    I encountered a developer who wanted some outside advice on their teams project. I found out they're developing a huge software suite for the companies executives, project manager and developers that can calculate metrics automatically and graph them per iteration. As a student from a computer science background I know very little on metrics and their importance, but my questions are: Do most companies have some way, doesn't have to be an elegant program, to measure meaningful metrics? Which metrics, single or combined, help you narrow down your projects scope and estimates? As a person who analyzes metrics, how often do you base decisions off of them? IE. Tests failed per week is increasing drastically? Do you feel that the introduction of studying metrics has helped you understand the project better? Not sure why but the developers project intrigued me and I must know more. If y

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  • How to install older ruby version on ubuntu Precise Pangolin?

    - by Codestudent
    I got a present: older Rails tutorials that needs old ruby version. I try to install ruby-1.8 with the packet manager. I still got problems with the tutorial example code. Next I try rvm to install the old ruby version. Unfortunately I got an error. I do not know what to do. I search the internet. Many people got no problems with rvm. rvm use *ERROR: Branch origin/ruby_1_8_4 not found.* and *ERROR: Error running 'GEM_PATH="/usr/share/ruby-rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.4- tv1_8_4:/usr/share/ruby-rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.4-tv1_8_4@global:/usr/share/ruby- rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.4-tv1_8_4:/usr/share/ruby-rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.4-tv1_8_4@global" GEM_HOME="/usr/share/ruby-rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.4-tv1_8_4" "/usr/share/ruby- rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.4-tv1_8_4/bin/ruby" "/usr/share/ruby-rvm/src/rubygems- 1.3.7/setup.rb"', please read /usr/share/ruby-rvm/log/ruby-1.8.4- tv1_8_4/rubygems.install.log* Please give me a hint.

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  • Google Developer Day 2010 in Sao Paulo - Keynote (pt-BR & en)

    Google Developer Day 2010 in Sao Paulo - Keynote (pt-BR & en) Video footage from keynote presentation at Google Developer Day 2010 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Mario Queiroz, VP Product Management, Google (pt-BR) Eric Bidelman, Developer Advocate, Google (en) Eric Tholomé, Product Management Director, Google (en) Marcelo Marzola, CEO, Predicta/BTBuckets (pt-BR) Marcelo Quintella, Product Manager, Google (pt-BR) For more information on Google Developer Day in Sao Paulo, see www.google.com Follow us on the Code blog and on Twitter: googlecode.blogspot.com http twitter.com (in pt-BR) Hashtag #gddbr From: GoogleDevelopers Views: 612 10 ratings Time: 01:11:59 More in Science & Technology

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  • BizTalk 2009 - Installing BizTalk Server 2009 on XP for Development

    - by StuartBrierley
    At my previous employer, when developing for BizTalk Server 2004 using Visual Studio 2003, we made use of separate development and deployment environments; developing in Visual Studio on our client PCs and then deploying to a seperate shared BizTalk 2004 Server from there.  This server was part of a multi-server Standard BizTalk environment comprising of separate BizTalk Server 2004 and SQL Server 2000 servers.  This environment was implemented a number of years ago by an outside consulting company, and while it worked it did occasionally cause contention issues with three developers deploying to the same server to carry out unit testing! Now that I am making the design and implementation decisions about the environment that BizTalk will be developed in and deployed to, I have chosen to create a single "server" installation on my development PC, installling SQL Server 2008, Visual Studio 2008 and BizTalk Server 2009 on a single system.  The client PC in use is actually a MacBook Pro running Windows XP; not the most powerful of systems for high volume processing but it should be powerful enough to allow development and initial unit testing to take place. I did not need to, and so chose not to, install all of the components detailed in the Microsoft guide for installing BizTalk 2009 on Windows XP but I did follow the basics of the procedures detailed within.  Outlined below are the highlights of this process and any details of what choices I made.   Install IIS I had previsouly installed Windows XP, including all current service packs and critical updates.  At the time of installation this included Service Pack 3, the .Net Framework 3.5 and MS Windows Installer 3.1.  Having a running XP system, my first step was to install IIS - this is quite straightforward and posed no difficulties. Install Visual Studio 2008 The next step for me was to install Visual Studio 2008.  Making sure to select a custom installation is crucial at this point, as you need to make sure that you deselect SQL Server 2005 Express Edition as it can cause the BizTalk installation to fail.  The installation guide suggests that you only select Visual C# when selecting features to install, but  I decided that due to some legacy systems I have code for that I would also select the VB and ASP options. Visual Studio 2008 Service Pack 1 Following the completion of the installation of Visual Studio itself you should then install the Visual Studio 2008 Service Pack 1. SQL Server 2008 Standard Edition The next step before intalling BizTalk Server 2009 itself is to install SQL Server 2008 Standard Edition. On the feature selection screen make sure that you select the follwoing options: Database Engine Services SQL Server Replication Full-Text Search Analysis Services Reporting Services Business Intelligence Development Studio Client Tools Connectivity Integration Services Management Tools Basic and Complete Use the default instance and the same accounts for all SQL server instances - in my case I used the Network Service and Local Service accounts for the two sets of accounts. On the database engine configuration screen I selected windows authentication and added the current user, adding the same user again on the Analysis services Configuration screen.  All other screens were left on the default settings. The SQL Server 2008 installation also included the installation of hotfix for XP KB942288-v3, the Windows Installer 4.5 Redistributable. System Configuration At this stage I took a moment to disable the SQL Server shared memory protocol and enable the Named Pipes and TCP/IP protocols.  These can be found in the SQL Server Configuration Manager > SQL Server Network Configuration > Protocols for MSSQLServer.  I also made sure that the DTC settings were configured correctley.   BizTalk Server 2009 The penultimate step is to install BizTalk Server 2009 Standard Edition. I had previsouly downloaded the redistributable prerequisites as a CAB file so was able to make use of this when carrying out the installation. When selecting which components to install I selected: Server Runtime BizTalk EDI/AS2 Runtime WCF Adapter Runtime Portal Components Administrative Tools WFC Administartion Tools Developer Tools and SDK, Enterprise SSO Administration Module Enterprise SSO Master Secret Server Business Rules Components BAM Alert Provider BAM Client BAM Eventing Once installation has completed clear the launch BizTalk Server Configuration check box and select finish. Verify the Installation Before configuring BizTalk Server it is a good idea to check that BizTalk Server 2009 is installed and that SQL Server 2008 has started correctly.  The easiest way to verify the BizTalk installation is check the Programs and Features in Control panel.  Check that SQL is started by looking in the SQL Server Configuration Manager. Configure BizTalk Server 2009 Finally we are ready to configure BizTalk Server 2009.  To start this I opted for a custom configuration that allowed me to choose in more detail the settings to be used. For all databases I selected the local server and default database names. For all Accounts I used a local account that had been created specifically for the BizTalk Services. For all windows groups I allowed the configuration wizard to create the default local groups. The configuration wizard then ran:   Upon completion you will be presented with a screen detailing the success or failure of the configuration.  If your configuration failed you will need to sort out the issues and try again (it is possible to save the configuration settings for later use if you want too - except passwords of course!).  If you see lots of nice green ticks - congratulations BizTalk Server 2009 on XP is now installed and configured ready for development.

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  • Donald Farmer comes to SQLBits

    What do medieval archaeology, fish farming, Southwestern University of Chongqing and Microsoft Business Intelligence have in common? If you know, you should tell Donald Farmer, because he has been deeply involved in all of them at various times. Donald has worked in the Microsoft Business Intelligence team for 8 years covering many subject areas: data integration, information quality, metadata intelligence, master data management, OLAP, predictive analytics and self-service BI. He is a well-known speaker at Microsoft and other industry events, and the author of several books and articles.   Great news from SQLBits! We can now confirm that Donald Farmer has agreed to do a pre-conference training day and the key note for our SQL Server 2008 and SQL Server 2008 R2 day. As Program Manager for Project Gemini, no-one is better placed to tell you what is going to be in R2 and what is not! More information about the Pre-conference Training Day and SQL 2008 and R2 Friday will be released soon.

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  • Why am I getting cgi-sys/defaultwebpage.cgi coming up when I browse my webpage?

    - by CraigJ
    I've recently set up a website with a smaller hosting company. The plan has a dedicated IP. They sent me emails to say it's all set up, but now their support channels are all unresponsive even though they say it's open 24 hours. In the File Manager in the cpanel I've put an index.html file in the public_html directory. But when I point my browser to the IP address given to me, it comes up with the cgi-sys/defaultwebpage.cgi page. What is the problem? I haven't set the name-servers for my domain yet, but that shouldn't be a problem because I am using the IP address in the browser. Note: I don't think I have access to ssh.

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  • Organizations &amp; Architecture UNISA Studies &ndash; Chap 7

    - by MarkPearl
    Learning Outcomes Name different device categories Discuss the functions and structure of I/.O modules Describe the principles of Programmed I/O Describe the principles of Interrupt-driven I/O Describe the principles of DMA Discuss the evolution characteristic of I/O channels Describe different types of I/O interface Explain the principles of point-to-point and multipoint configurations Discuss the way in which a FireWire serial bus functions Discuss the principles of InfiniBand architecture External Devices An external device attaches to the computer by a link to an I/O module. The link is used to exchange control, status, and data between the I/O module and the external device. External devices can be classified into 3 categories… Human readable – e.g. video display Machine readable – e.g. magnetic disk Communications – e.g. wifi card I/O Modules An I/O module has two major functions… Interface to the processor and memory via the system bus or central switch Interface to one or more peripheral devices by tailored data links Module Functions The major functions or requirements for an I/O module fall into the following categories… Control and timing Processor communication Device communication Data buffering Error detection I/O function includes a control and timing requirement, to coordinate the flow of traffic between internal resources and external devices. Processor communication involves the following… Command decoding Data Status reporting Address recognition The I/O device must be able to perform device communication. This communication involves commands, status information, and data. An essential task of an I/O module is data buffering due to the relative slow speeds of most external devices. An I/O module is often responsible for error detection and for subsequently reporting errors to the processor. I/O Module Structure An I/O module functions to allow the processor to view a wide range of devices in a simple minded way. The I/O module may hide the details of timing, formats, and the electro mechanics of an external device so that the processor can function in terms of simple reads and write commands. An I/O channel/processor is an I/O module that takes on most of the detailed processing burden, presenting a high-level interface to the processor. There are 3 techniques are possible for I/O operations Programmed I/O Interrupt[t I/O DMA Access Programmed I/O When a processor is executing a program and encounters an instruction relating to I/O it executes that instruction by issuing a command to the appropriate I/O module. With programmed I/O, the I/O module will perform the requested action and then set the appropriate bits in the I/O status register. The I/O module takes no further actions to alert the processor. I/O Commands To execute an I/O related instruction, the processor issues an address, specifying the particular I/O module and external device, and an I/O command. There are four types of I/O commands that an I/O module may receive when it is addressed by a processor… Control – used to activate a peripheral and tell it what to do Test – Used to test various status conditions associated with an I/O module and its peripherals Read – Causes the I/O module to obtain an item of data from the peripheral and place it in an internal buffer Write – Causes the I/O module to take an item of data form the data bus and subsequently transmit that data item to the peripheral The main disadvantage of this technique is it is a time consuming process that keeps the processor busy needlessly I/O Instructions With programmed I/O there is a close correspondence between the I/O related instructions that the processor fetches from memory and the I/O commands that the processor issues to an I/O module to execute the instructions. Typically there will be many I/O devices connected through I/O modules to the system – each device is given a unique identifier or address – when the processor issues an I/O command, the command contains the address of the address of the desired device, thus each I/O module must interpret the address lines to determine if the command is for itself. When the processor, main memory and I/O share a common bus, two modes of addressing are possible… Memory mapped I/O Isolated I/O (for a detailed explanation read page 245 of book) The advantage of memory mapped I/O over isolated I/O is that it has a large repertoire of instructions that can be used, allowing more efficient programming. The disadvantage of memory mapped I/O over isolated I/O is that valuable memory address space is sued up. Interrupts driven I/O Interrupt driven I/O works as follows… The processor issues an I/O command to a module and then goes on to do some other useful work The I/O module will then interrupts the processor to request service when is is ready to exchange data with the processor The processor then executes the data transfer and then resumes its former processing Interrupt Processing The occurrence of an interrupt triggers a number of events, both in the processor hardware and in software. When an I/O device completes an I/O operations the following sequence of hardware events occurs… The device issues an interrupt signal to the processor The processor finishes execution of the current instruction before responding to the interrupt The processor tests for an interrupt – determines that there is one – and sends an acknowledgement signal to the device that issues the interrupt. The acknowledgement allows the device to remove its interrupt signal The processor now needs to prepare to transfer control to the interrupt routine. To begin, it needs to save information needed to resume the current program at the point of interrupt. The minimum information required is the status of the processor and the location of the next instruction to be executed. The processor now loads the program counter with the entry location of the interrupt-handling program that will respond to this interrupt. It also saves the values of the process registers because the Interrupt operation may modify these The interrupt handler processes the interrupt – this includes examination of status information relating to the I/O operation or other event that caused an interrupt When interrupt processing is complete, the saved register values are retrieved from the stack and restored to the registers Finally, the PSW and program counter values from the stack are restored. Design Issues Two design issues arise in implementing interrupt I/O Because there will be multiple I/O modules, how does the processor determine which device issued the interrupt? If multiple interrupts have occurred, how does the processor decide which one to process? Addressing device recognition, 4 general categories of techniques are in common use… Multiple interrupt lines Software poll Daisy chain Bus arbitration For a detailed explanation of these approaches read page 250 of the textbook. Interrupt driven I/O while more efficient than simple programmed I/O still requires the active intervention of the processor to transfer data between memory and an I/O module, and any data transfer must traverse a path through the processor. Thus is suffers from two inherent drawbacks… The I/O transfer rate is limited by the speed with which the processor can test and service a device The processor is tied up in managing an I/O transfer; a number of instructions must be executed for each I/O transfer Direct Memory Access When large volumes of data are to be moved, an efficient technique is direct memory access (DMA) DMA Function DMA involves an additional module on the system bus. The DMA module is capable of mimicking the processor and taking over control of the system from the processor. It needs to do this to transfer data to and from memory over the system bus. DMA must the bus only when the processor does not need it, or it must force the processor to suspend operation temporarily (most common – referred to as cycle stealing). When the processor wishes to read or write a block of data, it issues a command to the DMA module by sending to the DMA module the following information… Whether a read or write is requested using the read or write control line between the processor and the DMA module The address of the I/O device involved, communicated on the data lines The starting location in memory to read from or write to, communicated on the data lines and stored by the DMA module in its address register The number of words to be read or written, communicated via the data lines and stored in the data count register The processor then continues with other work, it delegates the I/O operation to the DMA module which transfers the entire block of data, one word at a time, directly to or from memory without going through the processor. When the transfer is complete, the DMA module sends an interrupt signal to the processor, this the processor is involved only at the beginning and end of the transfer. I/O Channels and Processors Characteristics of I/O Channels As one proceeds along the evolutionary path, more and more of the I/O function is performed without CPU involvement. The I/O channel represents an extension of the DMA concept. An I/O channel ahs the ability to execute I/O instructions, which gives it complete control over I/O operations. In a computer system with such devices, the CPU does not execute I/O instructions – such instructions are stored in main memory to be executed by a special purpose processor in the I/O channel itself. Two types of I/O channels are common A selector channel controls multiple high-speed devices. A multiplexor channel can handle I/O with multiple characters as fast as possible to multiple devices. The external interface: FireWire and InfiniBand Types of Interfaces One major characteristic of the interface is whether it is serial or parallel parallel interface – there are multiple lines connecting the I/O module and the peripheral, and multiple bits are transferred simultaneously serial interface – there is only one line used to transmit data, and bits must be transmitted one at a time With new generation serial interfaces, parallel interfaces are becoming less common. In either case, the I/O module must engage in a dialogue with the peripheral. In general terms the dialog may look as follows… The I/O module sends a control signal requesting permission to send data The peripheral acknowledges the request The I/O module transfers data The peripheral acknowledges receipt of data For a detailed explanation of FireWire and InfiniBand technology read page 264 – 270 of the textbook

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  • Do most companies not know how to write software?

    - by SnOrfus
    If you're an active reader here, try to think about how many times you've heard (and even agreed) when someone here has told someone else to start looking for a new job. Personally, I've seen it a lot more than I expected: it's almost starting to sound cliche. I get that there are bound to be a number of companies that are bad at developing software or managing a software project, but it almost seems like it's getting worse and more frequent, maybe we're just hearing from them and not all of the places that have decent work atmospheres/conditions. So I ask: In your experience, and through your developer friends do you find that it is common that companies have bad development environments and if so: Why do you think it's common? What do you think could be done to fix it as a developer, as a manager, as an industry? Do you think it's improving?

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  • google-chrome video application association

    - by Ben Lee
    Is there any way to tell google-chrome to launch video files of particular types in an external application (or even just to bring up the download box as if the type was un-handled), instead of showing the video inside the browser? Searching online, it seems that chrome is supposed to use xdg-mime for file associations, but apparently is ignoring this for video. For example, when I do: xdg-mime query default video/mpeg It returns dragonplayer.desktop. But when I click on a mpeg video link, chrome displays it internally instead of launching Dragon Player (if I double click on a mpeg file in my file manager, on the other hand, it does open Dragon Player). So is there a way to tell chrome to respect this setting, or another way to coax chrome into opening the file externally? If it matters, I'm running the latest version of google-chrome stable (not chromium) at the time of writing, v. 18.0.1025.151, on kubuntu 11.10.

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  • Enable networking without the gnome-applet

    - by Ikke
    I've switched to XMonad as my window manager. Sometimes when I put my laptop to hibernate, it's hanging and won't shut down. I have to force it off by pressing the powerbutton for 5 seconds. After I boot again, I can't connect to the internet. I have to logout, go to gnome, and after logging in, I rightclick the network applet icon and select the enable networking options. After that, my internet is working again. Is there a way to do this via the command line or another option?

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  • Did "sudo dconf reset -f /org/compiz". Now ccsm settings ignored

    - by bshanks
    I executed: sudo dconf reset -f /org/compiz Now changing settings in CompizConfig Settings Manager (ccsm) has no effect. For example, changing the number of desktops has no effect. I tried purging and reinstalling ccsm but it didn't help. Incidentally, where is the documentation for this sort of thing (which documentation specifies where Unity and Compiz store config settings?)? And where does dconf store things? And where is dconf's documentation? http://dag.wieers.com/home-made/dconf/dconf.1.html says nothing about the 'reset' command, and it says it stores things in /var/log/dconf, but nothing was there. Are there two things named 'dconf'? I would actually like to just put things back to where they were before I executed sudo dconf reset. I have a backup of my hard drive available, I just need to know which files to rollback. I tried rolling back the .config, .gconf, and .cache directories, to no avail. I'm using 12.04.

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  • Problem when attempting to put Ubuntu One in panel (12.04)

    - by Mohd Arafat Hossain
    I wanted to put the Ubuntu One icon in the panel so I could see the progress of my sync but when I try this is what I get.... mohd-arafat-hossain@TUD:~$ sudo apt-get install ubuntuone-indicator [sudo] password for the-ubuntu-documentary: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: ubuntuone-indicator : Depends: indicator-ubuntuone but it is not going to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. I have done these following steps before I did the above sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rye/ubuntuone-extras sudo apt-get update I have scanned for broken packages in Synaptic Package Manager but it shows that I have none. Any help?

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  • how to concatenate two strings in shell script in 3.13.0-34-generic kernel

    - by saikrishna
    I want to concatenate two strings for the shell file im getting error when i have created the shell file in following manner could you please suggest how to get it set export APP_HOME="/home/sfptladmin/ArchivalDaemon" export JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle/jre" export LIBPATH="/home/sfptladmin/ArchivalDaemon/lib" export CPATH=$APP_HOME/conf export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/commons-beanutils-core-1.7.0.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/commons-collections-3.2.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/commons-io-1.4.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/commons-lang.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/commons-net.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/dataloader-27.0.1-uber.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/dom4j-1.6.1.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/log4j-1.2.15.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/opencsv2.3.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/poi-3.7.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/poi-ooxml-3.7.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/poi-ooxml-schemas-3.7.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/wsc-23-min.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/xmlbeans-2.5.0.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/archival-daemon-main.jar export CPATH=$CPATH:$LIBPATH/sbmclasspath.jar export CPATH=$CPATH java -Xms256m -Xmx512m -classpath $CPATH "-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8" com.genpact.proflow.daemon.archival.manager.ArchivalManager echo $CPATH

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  • Gateway IP Returns to Zero

    - by Robert Smith
    When you set a static IP under Ubuntu 12.04.1, you must supply the desired machine IP and the gateway IP, all using the Network Manager. When I first entered them and rebooted, everything worked great. On the second boot, however, Firefox could find no Web page. Upon checking, I discovered that the gateway IP had returned to zero. Now, no matter how often I resupply it, it returns to zero immediately after NM "saves" it: that is, appears as zero when redisplayed. The only way I can get to the Internet is to restore DHCP operation. I need to use static IP for access to my home network. Would appreciate any suggestion. --Robert Smith

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  • 10 Package Management Operations You Need Synaptic for on Ubuntu

    - by Chris Hoffman
    The Ubuntu Software Center is a solid, user-friendly application, but sometimes you need more power. The Synaptic package manager – previously included with Ubuntu by default – can do many things the Ubuntu Software Center can’t. You can install Synaptic from the Ubuntu Software Center – just search for Synaptic. You can also perform all these operations from the terminal – but, if you need a powerful graphical application for managing packages, Synaptic can’t be beat. How to Play Classic Arcade Games On Your PC How to Use an Xbox 360 Controller On Your Windows PC Download the Official How-To Geek Trivia App for Windows 8

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