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  • proftpd, dynamic IP, and filezilla: port troubles

    - by Yami
    The basic setup: Two computers, one running proftpd, one attempting to connect via filezilla. Both linux (xubuntu on the server, kubuntu on the client). Both are at the moment behind a router on a residential (read: dynamic IP) connection; the client is a laptop I plan to take away from the home network, so I'll need this to work externally. I have my router set up to allow specific ports forwarded to each machine and, where possible, have plugged in those numbers into proftpd (via gadmin, double-checking the config file) and filezilla. Attempting to connect via active mode using the internal IP works: Status: Connecting to 192.168.1.139:8085... Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message... Response: 220 Crossroads FTP Command: USER <redacted> Response: 331 Password required for <redacted> Command: PASS ******* Response: 230 Anonymous access granted, restrictions apply Command: OPTS UTF8 ON Response: 200 UTF8 set to on Status: Connected Status: Retrieving directory listing... Command: PWD Response: 257 "/" is the current directory Command: TYPE I Response: 200 Type set to I Command: PORT 192,168,1,52,153,140 Response: 200 PORT command successful Command: LIST Response: 150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for file list Response: 226 Transfer complete Status: Directory listing successful Attempting to connect via the domain name, however, leads to issues; in active mode, the PORT is the last command to be received according to the server's logs, and in passive mode, it's the PASV command. This leads me to believe I'm being redirected to a bad port? Active Sample: Status: Resolving address of <url> Status: Connecting to <ip:port> Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message... Response: 220 Crossroads FTP Command: USER <redacted> Response: 331 Password required for <redacted> Command: PASS ******* Response: 230 Anonymous access granted, restrictions apply Command: OPTS UTF8 ON Response: 200 UTF8 set to on Status: Connected Status: Retrieving directory listing... Command: PWD Response: 257 "/" is the current directory Command: TYPE I Response: 200 Type set to I Command: PORT 174,111,127,27,153,139 Response: 200 PORT command successful Command: LIST Error: Connection timed out Error: Failed to retrieve directory listing Passive sample: Status: Resolving address of ftp.bonsaiwebdesigns.com Status: Connecting to 174.111.127.27:8085... Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message... Response: 220 Crossroads FTP Command: USER yamikuronue Response: 331 Password required for yamikuronue Command: PASS ******* Response: 230 Anonymous access granted, restrictions apply Command: OPTS UTF8 ON Response: 200 UTF8 set to on Status: Connected Status: Retrieving directory listing... Command: PWD Response: 257 "/" is the current directory Command: TYPE I Response: 200 Type set to I Command: PASV Response: 227 Entering Passive Mode (64,95,64,197,101,88). Command: LIST Error: Connection timed out Error: Failed to retrieve directory listing In both cases, the log file ends at "PORT" or "PASV" - there's no record of ever receiving a "LIST" command. Just above that I can see the attempt to connect actively via the internal IP, which does indeed include a LIST command. My config file includes "PassivePorts 20001-26999", which are the port forwards I set up for the ftp server, and "Port 8085", which is also forwarded to the same machine. I also have a MasqueradeAddress set up to prevent it from reporting its internal IP, which was an earlier issue I had. I think what I'm asking is, is there another setting someplace I have to change to get this setup to work?

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  • Persistent static routes fail on MacOS 10.6.5 startup!

    - by verbalicious
    I'm unable to get static routes to persist a reboot on Mac OS 10.6.5. I've tried all of the methods prescribed in Google search results, and previous posts on this site. I've tried manually creating a launchd daemon, and used RouteSplit's launchd daemon to no avail. It's clear that the interface is not ready when these methods attempt to apply the route. This workstation in question is getting its IP from DHCP and probably hasn't gotten its DHCP lease when the command runs. We're able to apply the route by hand when logged in, but not through startup methods. Is there another way to apply this route by sneaking the command into something later, but before the login window appears to the user? Here is some relevant log info from system.log. You can see the "route: writing to routing socket: Network is unreachable" errors where my launchd script fires off. I've tried adding extra "sleep" and "ipconfig waitall" statements later in the script but this doesn't fly. Dec 15 19:30:41 localhost com.apple.launchd[1]: *** launchd[1] has started up. *** Dec 15 19:30:45 localhost mDNSResponder[18]: mDNSResponder mDNSResponder-258.13 (Oct 8 2010 17:10:30) starting Dec 15 19:30:47 localhost configd[15]: bootp_session_transmit: bpf_write(en1) failed: Network is down (50) Dec 15 19:30:47 localhost configd[15]: DHCP en1: INIT transmit failed Dec 15 19:30:47 localhost configd[15]: network configuration changed. Dec 15 19:30:47 Administrators-MacBook-Pro configd[15]: setting hostname to "Administrators-MacBook-Pro.local" Dec 15 19:30:47 Administrators-MacBook-Pro blued[16]: Apple Bluetooth daemon started Dec 15 19:30:52 Administrators-MacBook-Pro syslog[67]: routes.sh: Starting RouteSplit Dec 15 19:30:53 Administrators-MacBook-Pro com.apple.usbmuxd[41]: usbmuxd-207 built for iTunesTenOne on Oct 19 2010 at 13:50:35, running 64 bit Dec 15 19:30:54 Administrators-MacBook-Pro /System/Library/CoreServices/loginwindow.app/Contents/MacOS/loginwindow[50]: Login Window Application Started Dec 15 19:30:55 Administrators-MacBook-Pro bootlog[61]: BOOT_TIME: 1292459441 0 Dec 15 19:30:55 Administrators-MacBook-Pro syslog[86]: routes.sh: static route 192.168.0.0/23 192.168.2.2 Dec 15 19:30:55 Administrators-MacBook-Pro net.routes.static[65]: route: writing to routing socket: Network is unreachable Dec 15 19:30:55 Administrators-MacBook-Pro net.routes.static[65]: add net 192.168.0.0: gateway 192.168.2.2: Network is unreachable Dec 15 19:30:57 Administrators-MacBook-Pro org.apache.httpd[38]: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using Administrators-MacBook-Pro.local for ServerName Dec 15 19:30:58 Administrators-MacBook-Pro loginwindow[50]: Login Window Started Security Agent Dec 15 19:30:58 Administrators-MacBook-Pro WindowServer[89]: kCGErrorFailure: Set a breakpoint @ CGErrorBreakpoint() to catch errors as they are logged. Dec 15 19:30:58 Administrators-MacBook-Pro com.apple.WindowServer[89]: Wed Dec 15 19:30:58 Administrators-MacBook-Pro.local WindowServer[89] <Error>: kCGErrorFailure: Set a breakpoint @ CGErrorBreakpoint() to catch errors as they are logged. Dec 15 19:31:18 Administrators-MacBook-Pro configd[15]: network configuration changed. Dec 15 19:31:19 administrators-macbook-pro configd[15]: setting hostname to "administrators-macbook-pro.local" Dec 15 19:31:25 administrators-macbook-pro _mdnsresponder[121]: /usr/libexec/ntpd-wrapper: scutil key State:/Network/Global/DNS not present after 30 seconds Dec 15 19:31:25 administrators-macbook-pro _mdnsresponder[124]: sntp options: a=2 v=1 e=0.100 E=5.000 P=2147483647.000 Dec 15 19:31:25 administrators-macbook-pro _mdnsresponder[124]: d=15 c=5 x=0 op=1 l=/var/run/sntp.pid f= time.apple.com Dec 15 19:31:25 administrators-macbook-pro _mdnsresponder[124]: sntp: getaddrinfo(hostname, ntp) failed with nodename nor servname provided, or not known Dec 15 19:31:27 administrators-macbook-pro configd[15]: network configuration changed. Dec 15 19:31:27 Administrators-MacBook-Pro configd[15]: setting hostname to "Administrators-MacBook-Pro.local" Dec 15 19:31:27 Administrators-MacBook-Pro ntpd[37]: Cannot find existing interface for address 17.151.16.20 Dec 15 19:31:27 Administrators-MacBook-Pro ntpd_initres[125]: ntpd indicates no data available! Dec 15 19:31:31 Administrators-MacBook-Pro sshd[128]: USER_PROCESS: 133 ttys000 Dec 15 19:31:37 Administrators-MacBook-Pro sudo[138]: administrator : TTY=ttys000 ; PWD=/Users/administrator ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/less /var/log/system.log ``You can see the following line in /var/log/kernel.log that shows the en0 interface coming up: Dec 15 19:30:51 Administrators-MacBook-Pro kernel[0]: Ethernet [AppleBCM5701Ethernet]: Link up on en0, 1-Gigabit, Full-duplex, No flow-control, Debug [796d,0f01,0de1,0300,c1e1,3800]

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  • PPTP connection fails with errors 800/806

    - by Mark S. Rasmussen
    I've got a client (Server 2008 R2) that won't connect to our production environment PPTP VPN server (Server 2003, running RRAS). The server is behind a firewall that has TCP1723 open as well as GRE. Other clients at our office are able to connect just fine. Our office is behind a Juniper SSG5-Serial firewall, but all outgoing traffic is allowed, and multiple other clients are able to connect to VPN servers without issues. I've also setup a completely different VPN server on another network outside of our office. The functioning clients connect just fine - the Server 2008 R2 machine doesn't. Thus it's definitely a problem with this machine in particular. I've rebooted it. I've disabled the firewall, no dice on either. I've run PPTPSRV and PPTPCLNT on the server/client and they're able to communicate perfectly - indicating there's no problem using neither TCP1723 nor GRE. The Server 2008 R2 machine is also running as a VPN server itself (incoming connection) and that's working perfectly. We have the issues no matter if there are active incoming connections or not. I'm not sure what my next debugging step would be; any suggestions? EDIT: The event log on the server has the following warning from RasMan: A connection between the VPN server and the VPN client xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx has been established, but the VPN connection cannot be completed. The most common cause for this is that a firewall or router between the VPN server and the VPN client is not configured to allow Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) packets (protocol 47). Verify that the firewalls and routers between your VPN server and the Internet allow GRE packets. Make sure the firewalls and routers on the user's network are also configured to allow GRE packets. If the problem persists, have the user contact the Internet service provider (ISP) to determine whether the ISP might be blocking GRE packets. Obviously this points to GRE being a potential problem. But seeing as I have other clients connectiong without problems, as well as PPTPSRV and PPTPCLNT being able to communicate, I'm suspecting this might be a red herring. EDIT: Here are the anonymized events logged by the client in chronological order: CoId={742CB15C-A7E0-47B7-8240-0EFA1139CBD9}: The user XXX\YYY has started dialing a VPN connection using a per-user connection profile named ZZZ. The connection settings are: Dial-in User = XXX\YYY VpnStrategy = PPTP DataEncryption = Require PrerequisiteEntry = AutoLogon = No UseRasCredentials = Yes Authentication Type = CHAP/MS-CHAPv2 Ipv4DefaultGateway = No Ipv4AddressAssignment = By Server Ipv4DNSServerAssignment = By Server Ipv6DefaultGateway = Yes Ipv6AddressAssignment = By Server Ipv6DNSServerAssignment = By Server IpDnsFlags = Register primary domain suffix IpNBTEnabled = Yes UseFlags = Private Connection ConnectOnWinlogon = No. CoId={742CB15C-A7E0-47B7-8240-0EFA1139CBD9}: The user XXX\YYY is trying to establish a link to the Remote Access Server for the connection named ZZZ using the following device: Server address/Phone Number = XXX.YYY.ZZZ.KKK Device = WAN Miniport (PPTP) Port = VPN3-4 MediaType = VPN. CoId={742CB15C-A7E0-47B7-8240-0EFA1139CBD9}: The user XXX\YYY has successfully established a link to the Remote Access Server using the following device: Server address/Phone Number = XXX.YYY.ZZZ.KKK Device = WAN Miniport (PPTP) Port = VPN3-4 MediaType = VPN. CoId={742CB15C-A7E0-47B7-8240-0EFA1139CBD9}: The link to the Remote Access Server has been established by user XXX\YYY. CoId={742CB15C-A7E0-47B7-8240-0EFA1139CBD9}: The user XXX\YYY dialed a connection named ZZZ which has failed. The error code returned on failure is 806. Running Wireshark on the client shows it trying and retrying to send a "71 Configuration Request" While the server shows the incoming client requests, but apparently without replying: Given that this is GRE traffic, I think rules out the GRE traffic being blocked. Question is, why doesn't the server reply? This is the Configuration Request the server receives from the non functioning client (meaning no response is sent to the client request): And this is the Configuration Request the server receives from the working client: To me they seem identical, except for differing keys and magic numbers, and the fact that one client receives a response while the other doesn't.

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  • KVM guest io is much slower than host io: is that normal?

    - by Evolver
    I have a Qemu-KVM host system setup on CentOS 6.3. Four 1TB SATA HDDs working in Software RAID10. Guest CentOS 6.3 is installed on separate LVM. People say that they see guest performance almost equal to host performance, but I don't see that. My i/o tests are showing 30-70% slower performance on guest than on host system. I tried to change scheduler (set elevator=deadline on host and elevator=noop on guest), set blkio.weight to 1000 in cgroup, change io to virtio... But none of these changes gave me any significant results. This is a guest .xml config part: <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/dev/vgkvmnode/lv2'/> <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/> </disk> There are my tests: Host system: iozone test # iozone -a -i0 -i1 -i2 -s8G -r64k random random KB reclen write rewrite read reread read write 8388608 64 189930 197436 266786 267254 28644 66642 dd read test: one process and then four simultaneous processes # dd if=/dev/vgkvmnode/lv2 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 4.23044 s, 254 MB/s # dd if=/dev/vgkvmnode/lv2 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct skip=1024 & dd if=/dev/vgkvmnode/lv2 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct skip=2048 & dd if=/dev/vgkvmnode/lv2 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct skip=3072 & dd if=/dev/vgkvmnode/lv2 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct skip=4096 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 14.4528 s, 74.3 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 14.562 s, 73.7 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 14.6341 s, 73.4 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 14.7006 s, 73.0 MB/s dd write test: one process and then four simultaneous processes # dd if=/dev/zero of=test bs=1M count=1024 oflag=direct 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 6.2039 s, 173 MB/s # dd if=/dev/zero of=test bs=1M count=1024 oflag=direct & dd if=/dev/zero of=test2 bs=1M count=1024 oflag=direct & dd if=/dev/zero of=test3 bs=1M count=1024 oflag=direct & dd if=/dev/zero of=test4 bs=1M count=1024 oflag=direct 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 32.7173 s, 32.8 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 32.8868 s, 32.6 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 32.9097 s, 32.6 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 32.9688 s, 32.6 MB/s Guest system: iozone test # iozone -a -i0 -i1 -i2 -s512M -r64k random random KB reclen write rewrite read reread read write 524288 64 93374 154596 141193 149865 21394 46264 dd read test: one process and then four simultaneous processes # dd if=/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct skip=1024 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 5.04356 s, 213 MB/s # dd if=/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct skip=1024 & dd if=/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct skip=2048 & dd if=/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct skip=3072 & dd if=/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 iflag=direct skip=4096 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 24.7348 s, 43.4 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 24.7378 s, 43.4 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 24.7408 s, 43.4 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 24.744 s, 43.4 MB/s dd write test: one process and then four simultaneous processes # dd if=/dev/zero of=test bs=1M count=1024 oflag=direct 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 10.415 s, 103 MB/s # dd if=/dev/zero of=test bs=1M count=1024 oflag=direct & dd if=/dev/zero of=test2 bs=1M count=1024 oflag=direct & dd if=/dev/zero of=test3 bs=1M count=1024 oflag=direct & dd if=/dev/zero of=test4 bs=1M count=1024 oflag=direct 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 49.8874 s, 21.5 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 49.8608 s, 21.5 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 49.8693 s, 21.5 MB/s 1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 49.9427 s, 21.5 MB/s I wonder is that normal situation or did I missed something?

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  • Exchange 2003-Exchange 2010 post migration GAL/OAB problem

    - by user68726
    I am very new to Exchange so forgive my newbie-ness. I've exhausted Google trying to find a way to solve my problem so I'm hoping some of you gurus can shed some light on my next steps. Please forgive my bungling around through this. The problem I cannot download/update the Global Address List (GAL) and Offline Address Book (OAB) on my Outlook 2010 clients. I get: Task 'emailaddress' reported error (0x8004010F) : 'The operation failed. An object cannot be found.' ---- error. I'm using cached exchange mode, which if I turn off Outlook hangs completely from the moment I start it up. (Note I've replaced my actual email address with 'emailaddress') Background information I migrated mailboxes, public store, etc. from a Small Business Server 2003 with Exchange 2003 box to a Server 2008 R2 with Exchange 2010 based primarily on an experts exchange how to article. The exchange server is up and running as an internet facing exchange server with all of the roles necessary to send and receive mail and in that capacity is working fine. I "thought" I had successfully migrated everything from the SBS03 box, and due to huge amounts of errors in everything from AD to the Exchange install itself I removed the reference to the SBS03 server in adsiedit. I've still got access to the old SBS03 box, but as I said the number of errors in everything is preventing even the uninstall of Exchange (or the starting of the Exchange Information Store service), so I'm quite content to leave that box completely out of the picture while trying to solve my problem. After research I discovered this is most likely because I failed to run the “update-globaladdresslist” (or get / update) command from the Exchange shell before I removed the Exchange 2003 server from adsiedit (and the network). If I run the command now it gives me: WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/Offline Address Book - first administrative group" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/Schedule+ Free Busy Information – first administrative group" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/ContainernameArchive" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/ContainernameContacts" is invalid and couldn't be updated. (Note that I’ve replaced my domain with “domainname.com” and my organization name with “containername”) What I’ve tried I don’t want to use the old OAB, or GAL, I don’t care about either, our GAL and distribution lists needed to be organized anyway, so at this point I really just want to get rid of the old reference to the “first administrative group” and move on. I’ve tried to create a new GAL and tell Exchange 2010 to use that GAL instead of the old GAL, but I'm obviously missing some of the commands or something dumb I need to do to start over with a blank slate/GAL/OAB. I'm very tempted to completely delete the entire "first administrative group" tree from adsiedit and see if that gets rid of the ridiculous reference that no longer exists but I dont want to break something else. Commands run to try to create a new GAL and tell exch10 to use that GAL: New-globaladdresslist –name NAMEOFNEWGAL Set-globaladdresslist GUID –name NAMEOFNEWGAL This did nothing for me except now when I run get-globaladdresslist or with the | FL pipe I see two GALs listed, the “default global address list” and the “NAMEOFNEWGAL” that I created. After a little more research this morning it looks like you can't change/delete/remove the default address list, and the only way to do what I'm trying to do would be to maybe remove the default address list via adsiedit and recreate with a command something like new-GlobalAddressList -Name "Default Global Address List" -IncludedRecipients AllRecipients. This would be acceptable but I've searched and searched and can't find instructions or a breakdown of where exactly the default GAL lives in AD, and if I'd have to remove multiple child references/records. ** Of interest** I'm getting an event ID 9337 in my application log OALGen did not find any recipients in address list ‘\Global Address List. This offline address list will not be generated. -\NAMEOFMYOAB --------- on my Exchange 2010 box, which pretty much to me seems to confirm my suspicion that the empty GAL/OAB is what's causing the Outlook client 0x8004010F error. Help please!

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  • Exchange Server 2007 Setup

    - by AlamedaDad
    Hi, I'm working on a upgrade to Exchange 2007 and I wanted to get some advise on hardware choices. We currently have an Exchange 2003 STD server with 400 users split between 6 AD Sites, that is housed on a single server. We need to move to a redundant, fault tolerant system to support our users. I'm planning on installing 2 Dell 1950 servers with W2k8-std to act as CAS and Hub servers, with NLB to allow abstraction of the actual server name to the users. There won't be an edge system since we have a Barracuda box already that will handle in/out spam/virus filtering. Backend I'm planning on 2 mailbox servers which will be Dell 2950s with 16GB RAM, 2 either dual-core or quad-core CPUs and 6 300GB SAS drives in some RAID config. These systems will be clustered using W2k8 Ent clustering and running CCR in Exchange. My questions are as follows: Is 16GB enough RAM for serving that many mailboxes along with the windows clustering and ccr? I'm trying to figure out disk layouts and I'm unsure of whether to use all local disk or some local and some SAN, via an OpenFiler iSCSI server. The SAN would be a Dell 2850 with 6 - 300GB SCSI drives and a PERC controller to slice as I want, with 8GB RAM. Option 1: 2 drives, RAID 1 - OS 2 drives, RAID 1 - Logs 2 drives, RAID 1 - Mail stores Option 2: 2 drives, RAID 1 - OS and logs 4 drives, RAID 5 - Mail Stores and scratch space for eseutil. Option 3: 2 drives, RAID 1 - OS 2 drives, RAID 1 - Logs 2 drives, RAID 0 - scratch space ~300GB iSCSI volume for mail stores Option 4: 2 drives, RAID 1 - OS 4 drives, RAID 5 - scratch space ~300GB iSCSI volume for mail stores ~300GB iSCSI volume for logs I have 2 sockets for CPUs and need to chose between dual and quad cores. The dual core have faster clocks but less cache and I'm thinking older architecture. Am I better off with more cores and cache while sacraficing clock speed? I am planning on adding the new E2K7 cluster to the E2K3 server and then move each mailbox over, all at once, then remove the old server. This seems more complicated than simply getting rid of the 2003 server and then adding the 2007 cluster and restoring the mailboxes using PowerControls or exmerge. The migration option lets me do this on my time, where a cutover means it all needs to work at once. If I go with the cutover method, how can I prebuild the servers and add them to the domain right after removing the 2003 server, or can't I? I think the answer is no and the migration is my only real option if I want to prebuild. I need to also migrate about 30GB of Public Folders. Is there anything special about this, other than specifying in the E2K7 install that I want older Outlook clients and PF's setup? I guess I could even keep the E2K3 server to host just the PFs? Lastly, if I have a mix of Outlook 200, 2003 and 2007 what do I need to do to make sure they all have access to the GAL and OAB? At time of cutover, we'll be at like 90% 2007, but we will have some older stuff around. My plan is to use Outlook Anywhere on laptops that are used outside the physical network. Are there any gotchas involved in that? I'm even thinking about using is for all Outlook clients, does anyone do that? The reason I'm considering it is that our WAN is really VPN tunnels over internet connections, so not a fully messhed, stable WAN. Thank you all very much for the assistance in advance and I look forward to discussion of these points! Regards...Michael

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  • Munin not creating HTML files in Ubuntu Server 14.04

    - by lepe
    I have used munin in several servers and this is the first time is taking me so much time to set it up. When I telnet munin directly, I can list the services, there is no error at the logs and munin its being updated every 5 minutes. However no html files are created. I'm using the default location (/var/cache/munin/www) and I can confirm the permissions of that directory are set to munin.munin (IP and domain has been changed) munin.conf: dbdir /var/lib/munin htmldir /var/cache/munin/www logdir /var/log/munin rundir /var/run/munin [example.com;] address 100.100.50.200 munin-node.conf: log_level 4 log_file /var/log/munin/munin-node.log pid_file /var/run/munin/munin-node.pid background 1 setsid 1 user root group root host_name example.com allow ^127\.0\.0\.1$ allow ^100\.100\.50\.200$ allow ^::1$ /etc/hosts : 100.100.50.200 example.com 127.0.0.1 localhost $ telnet example.com 4949 Trying 100.100.50.200... Connected to example.com. Escape character is '^]'. # munin node at example.com list apache_accesses apache_processes apache_volume cpu cpuspeed df df_inode entropy fail2ban forks fw_packets if_err_eth0 if_err_eth1 if_eth0 if_eth1 interrupts ipmi_fans ipmi_power ipmi_temp irqstats load memory munin_stats mysql_bin_relay_log mysql_commands mysql_connections mysql_files_tables mysql_innodb_bpool mysql_innodb_bpool_act mysql_innodb_insert_buf mysql_innodb_io mysql_innodb_io_pend mysql_innodb_log mysql_innodb_rows mysql_innodb_semaphores mysql_innodb_tnx mysql_myisam_indexes mysql_network_traffic mysql_qcache mysql_qcache_mem mysql_replication mysql_select_types mysql_slow mysql_sorts mysql_table_locks mysql_tmp_tables ntp_2001:e40:100:208::123 ntp_91.189.94.4 ntp_kernel_err ntp_kernel_pll_freq ntp_kernel_pll_off ntp_offset ntp_states open_files open_inodes postfix_mailqueue postfix_mailvolume proc_pri processes swap threads uptime users vmstat fetch df _dev_sda3.value 2.1762874086869 _sys_fs_cgroup.value 0 _run.value 0.0503536980635825 _run_lock.value 0 _run_shm.value 0 _run_user.value 0 _dev_sda5.value 0.0176986285727571 _dev_sda8.value 1.08464646179852 _dev_sda7.value 0.0346633563514803 _dev_sda9.value 6.81031810822797 _dev_sda6.value 9.0932802215469 . /var/log/munin/munin-node.log Process Backgrounded 2014/08/16-14:13:36 Munin::Node::Server (type Net::Server::Fork) starting! pid(19610) Binding to TCP port 4949 on host 100.100.50.200 with IPv4 2014/08/16-14:23:11 CONNECT TCP Peer: "[100.100.50.200]:55949" Local: "[100.100.50.200]:4949" 2014/08/16-14:36:16 CONNECT TCP Peer: "[100.100.50.200]:56209" Local: "[100.100.50.200]:4949" /var/log/munin/munin-update.log ... 2014/08/16 14:30:01 [INFO]: Starting munin-update 2014/08/16 14:30:01 [INFO]: Munin-update finished (0.00 sec) 2014/08/16 14:35:02 [INFO]: Starting munin-update 2014/08/16 14:35:02 [INFO]: Munin-update finished (0.00 sec) 2014/08/16 14:40:01 [INFO]: Starting munin-update 2014/08/16 14:40:01 [INFO]: Munin-update finished (0.00 sec) $ ls -la /var/cache/munin/www/ drwxr-xr-x 3 munin munin 19 Aug 16 13:55 . drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 16 Aug 16 13:54 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 munin munin 4096 Aug 16 13:55 static Any ideas on why it is not working? EDIT This is how /var/log/munin/ log looks like after some days: -rw-r----- 1 www-data 0 Aug 16 13:54 munin-cgi-graph.log -rw-r----- 1 www-data 0 Aug 16 13:54 munin-cgi-html.log -rw-rw-r-- 1 munin 0 Aug 16 13:55 munin-html.log -rw-r----- 1 munin 0 Aug 19 06:18 munin-limits.log -rw-r----- 1 munin 15K Aug 18 14:10 munin-limits.log.1 -rw-r----- 1 munin 1.8K Aug 18 06:15 munin-limits.log.2.gz -rw-rw-r-- 1 munin 1.3K Aug 17 06:15 munin-limits.log.3.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root 6.5K Aug 16 13:55 munin-node-configure.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root 0 Aug 17 06:18 munin-node.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root 420 Aug 16 14:52 munin-node.log.1.gz -rw-r----- 1 munin 0 Aug 19 06:18 munin-update.log -rw-r----- 1 munin 11K Aug 18 14:10 munin-update.log.1 -rw-r----- 1 munin 1.6K Aug 18 06:15 munin-update.log.2.gz -rw-rw-r-- 1 munin 1.5K Aug 17 06:15 munin-update.log.3.gz

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  • how to make bridge networking with KVM work in Fedora19

    - by netllama
    I'm attempting to get several virtual machines setup on a Fedora-19 host system, with the traditional bridge network devices (br0, br1, etc). I've done this many times before with older versions of Fedora (16, 14, etc), and it just works. However, for reasons that I cannot figure out, the bridge doesn't seem to be working in Fedora19. While I can successfully connect to the outside world (local network + internet) from inside a VM, nothing can communicate with the VM from outside (local network). I'm referring to something as trivial as pinging. From inside the VM, I can ping anything successfully (0% packet loss). However, from outside the VM (on the host, or any other system on the same network), I see 100% packet loss when pinging the IP address of the VM. My first question is simply, does anyone else have this working successfully in F19? And if so, what steps did you need to follow? I'm not using NetworkManager at all, its all the network service. There are no firewalls involved anywhere (iptables & firewall services are currently disabled). Here's the current host configuration: # brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br0 8000.38eaa792efe5 no em2 vnet1 br1 8000.38eaa792efe6 no em3 br2 8000.38eaa792efe7 no em4 vnet0 virbr0 8000.525400db3ebf yes virbr0-nic # more /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-em2 TYPE=Ethernet BRIDGE="br0" NAME=em2 DEVICE="em2" UUID=aeaa839e-c89c-4d6e-9daa-79b6a1b919bd ONBOOT=yes HWADDR=38:EA:A7:92:EF:E5 NM_CONTROLLED="no" # more /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0 TYPE=Bridge NM_CONTROLLED="no" BOOTPROTO=dhcp NAME=br0 DEVICE="br0" ONBOOT=yes # ifconfig em2 ;ifconfig br0 em2: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet6 fe80::3aea:a7ff:fe92:efe5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 38:ea:a7:92:ef:e5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 100093 bytes 52354831 (49.9 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 25321 bytes 15791341 (15.0 MiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 device memory 0xf7d00000-f7e00000 br0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 10.31.99.226 netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 10.31.99.255 inet6 fe80::3aea:a7ff:fe92:efe5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 38:ea:a7:92:ef:e5 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 19619 bytes 1963328 (1.8 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 11 bytes 1074 (1.0 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 Relevant section from /etc/libvirt/qemu/foo.xml (one of the VMs with this problem): <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='52:54:00:26:22:9d'/> <source bridge='br0'/> <model type='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> </interface> # ps -ef | grep qemu qemu 1491 1 82 13:25 ? 00:42:09 /usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -machine accel=kvm -name cuda-linux64-build5 -S -machine pc-0.13,accel=kvm,usb=off -cpu SandyBridge,+pdpe1gb,+osxsave,+dca,+pcid,+pdcm,+xtpr,+tm2,+est,+smx,+vmx,+ds_cpl,+monitor,+dtes64,+pbe,+tm,+ht,+ss,+acpi,+ds,+vme -m 16384 -smp 6,sockets=6,cores=1,threads=1 -uuid 6e930234-bdfd-044d-2787-22d4bbbe30b1 -no-user-config -nodefaults -chardev socket,id=charmonitor,path=/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/cuda-linux64-build5.monitor,server,nowait -mon chardev=charmonitor,id=monitor,mode=control -rtc base=localtime -no-shutdown -device piix3-usb-uhci,id=usb,bus=pci.0,addr=0x1.0x2 -drive file=/var/lib/libvirt/images/cuda-linux64-build5.img,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0,format=raw,cache=writeback -device virtio-blk-pci,scsi=off,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4,drive=drive-virtio-disk0,id=virtio-disk0,bootindex=1 -netdev tap,fd=25,id=hostnet0,vhost=on,vhostfd=26 -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=hostnet0,id=net0,mac=52:54:00:26:22:9d,bus=pci.0,addr=0x3 -chardev pty,id=charserial0 -device isa-serial,chardev=charserial0,id=serial0 -vnc 127.0.0.1:1 -vga cirrus -device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x5 I can provide additional information, if requested. thanks!

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  • mod_mono 'Service Temporarily Unavailable' issue

    - by Charlie Somerville
    I've deployed an ASP.NET web application on a Linux (Debian) server running Apache 2.2 and mod_mono 1.9 It's working well, however Mono occasionally segfaults and uses the entire CPU which causes the website to stop working and display 'Service Temporarily Unavailable' Killing mono fixes it, but obviously this isn't a good solution. I tailed the system log after this happened and I saw the following error messages from the kernel: Apr 20 01:49:37 charliesomerville kernel: [1596436.204158] mono[17909]: segfault at b645f671 ip b645f671 sp b4ffb604 error 4<6>mono[19047]: segfault at b645f66e ip b645f66e sp b4bf7604 error 4<6>mono[18017]: segfault at b645f66e ip b645f66e sp b52fe604 error 4<6>mono[19668]: segfault at b645f5e6 ip b645f5e6 sp b48f4604 error 4<6>mono[22565]: segfault at b645f674 ip b645f674 sp b45f1604 error 4<6>mono[17700]: segfault at b645f661 ip b645f661 sp b51fd604 error 4<6>mono[19596]: segfault at b645f5e6 ip b645f5e6 sp b49f5604 error 4 Apr 20 01:49:37 charliesomerville kernel: [1596436.208172] mono[23219]: segfault at b645f66e ip b645f66e sp b44f0604 error 4 At the end of Apache's error.log are the following errors: [Tue Apr 20 03:10:23 2010] [error] (70014)End of file found: read_data failed [Tue Apr 20 03:10:23 2010] [error] Command stream corrupted, last command was 1 [Tue Apr 20 03:10:23 2010] [error] Command stream corrupted, last command was 1 [Tue Apr 20 03:10:23 2010] [error] Command stream corrupted, last command was 1 System.ArgumentNullException: null key Parameter name: key at System.Collections.Hashtable.get_Item (System.Object key) [0x00000] at System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationCallbacks.GetSerializationCallbacks (System.Type t) [0x00000] at System.Runtime.Serialization.ObjectManager.RaiseOnDeserializingEvent (System.Object obj) [0x00000] at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.ReadObjectContent (System.IO.BinaryReader reader, System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.TypeMetadata metadata, Int64 objectId, System.Object& objectInstance, System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo& info) [0x00000] at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.ReadObjectInstance (System.IO.BinaryReader reader, Boolean isRuntimeObject, Boolean hasTypeInfo, System.Int64& objectId, System.Object& value, System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo& info) [0x00000] at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.ReadObject (BinaryElement element, System.IO.BinaryReader reader, System.Int64& objectId, System.Object& value, System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo& info) [0x00000] at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.ReadNextObject (System.IO.BinaryReader reader) [0x00000] at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.ReadObjectGraph (System.IO.BinaryReader reader, Boolean readHeaders, System.Object& result, System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.Header[]& headers) [0x00000] at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.BinaryFormatter.NoCheckDeserialize (System.IO.Stream serializationStream, System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.HeaderHandler handler) [0x00000] at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.BinaryFormatter.Deserialize (System.IO.Stream serializationStream) [0x00000] at System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.CADSerializer.DeserializeObject (System.IO.MemoryStream mem) [0x00000] at System.Runtime.Remoting.RemotingServices.GetDomainProxy (System.AppDomain domain) [0x00000] at System.AppDomain.CreateDomain (System.String friendlyName, System.Security.Policy.Evidence securityInfo, System.AppDomainSetup info) [0x00000] at System.Web.Hosting.ApplicationHost.CreateApplicationHost (System.Type hostType, System.String virtualDir, System.String physicalDir) [0x00000] at Mono.WebServer.VPathToHost.CreateHost (Mono.WebServer.ApplicationServer server, Mono.WebServer.WebSource webSource) [0x00000] at Mono.WebServer.ApplicationServer.GetApplicationForPath (System.String vhost, Int32 port, System.String path, Boolean defaultToRoot) [0x00000] at (wrapper remoting-invoke-with-check) Mono.WebServer.ApplicationServer:GetApplicationForPath (string,int,string,bool) at Mono.WebServer.ModMonoWorker.GetOrCreateApplication (System.String vhost, Int32 port, System.String filepath, System.String virt) [0x00000] at Mono.WebServer.ModMonoWorker.InnerRun (System.Object state) [0x00000] at Mono.WebServer.ModMonoWorker.Run (System.Object state) [0x00000] [Tue Apr 20 03:10:26 2010] [error] (70014)End of file found: read_data failed [Tue Apr 20 03:10:26 2010] [error] Command stream corrupted, last command was -1 Along with the above errors, Apache's error.log is packed with hundreds (if not thousands) of the following error: Maximum number (20) of concurrent mod_mono requests to /tmp/mod_mono_dashboard_default_2.lock reached. Droping request. At the moment, I'm thinking there might be something wrong with configuration here (it's basically running on out-of-the-box config)

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  • Securing smtp with login

    - by Paul Peelen
    I have a ispconfig server, and it seems that someone is using it to send spam. I got about 130 "Mail Delivery System" email about declined send email. This spammer uses my email address as sent from adress, so I get all these email adresses to my mail. I am using Postfix and Courier. I installed my server according to this guide: http://www.howtoforge.com/perfect-server-debian-lenny-ispconfig3-p3 I did this a few months ago. My question: Can I secure my server to require login to be able to send email, and if so... how? Thanks! EDIT Some data from mail.log, these kind of error show up constantly: Jun 15 17:58:16 bolt postfix/qmgr[10712]: CC7DA1242AE: from=<paul@*****.se>, size=3782, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jun 15 17:58:16 bolt postfix/smtp[11337]: CC7DA1242AE: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=4641, delays=4640/0.01/0.32/0, dsn=4.4.3, status=deferred (Host or domain name not found. Name service error for name=cmlisboa.pt type=MX: Host not found, try again) Jun 15 17:58:19 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: connect from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154] Jun 15 17:58:20 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154]: 550 5.1.1 <advertising@*****.com>: Recipient address rejected: User unknown in virtual mailbox table; from=<[email protected]> to=<advertising@*****.com> proto=ESMTP helo=<static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net> Jun 15 17:58:20 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: lost connection after DATA (0 bytes) from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154] Jun 15 17:58:20 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: disconnect from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154] Jun 15 17:58:29 bolt postfix/smtpd[10834]: connect from unknown[62.176.172.226] Jun 15 17:58:32 bolt postfix/smtpd[10834]: 386791241F9: client=unknown[62.176.172.226] Jun 15 17:58:34 bolt postfix/cleanup[10975]: 386791241F9: message-id=<[email protected]> Jun 15 17:58:34 bolt postfix/qmgr[10712]: 386791241F9: from=<[email protected]>, size=867, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt postfix/smtpd[10834]: disconnect from unknown[62.176.172.226] Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt amavis[11084]: (11084-17) Blocked SPAM, [62.176.172.226] [62.176.172.226] <[email protected]> -> <*****@*****>, Message-ID: <[email protected]>, mail_id: XczovKoMBYNr, Hits: 18.471, size: 867, 833 ms Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt postfix/smtp[10732]: 386791241F9: to=<*****@*****>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=3.5, delays=2.7/0/0/0.83, dsn=2.7.0, status=sent (250 2.7.0 Ok, discarded, id=11084-17 - SPAM) Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt postfix/qmgr[10712]: 386791241F9: removed Jun 15 17:58:43 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: warning: 178.121.154.194: address not listed for hostname mm-194-154-121-178.dynamic.pppoe.mgts.by Jun 15 17:58:43 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: connect from unknown[178.121.154.194] Jun 15 17:58:45 bolt postfix/smtpd[10727]: connect from unknown[180.134.223.86] EDIT #2 Got some more info from the logs, this is a send request: mail.info.1:Jun 15 16:41:57 bolt amavis[5399]: (05399-06) Passed CLEAN, [110.139.48.64] [110.139.48.64] <paul@*****.se> -> <[email protected]>, Message-ID: <CHILKAT-MID-7c54ebcf-5501-de9b-f0b1-4f0234290d8d@HP-IRISH>, mail_id: 35l56Ramx6Nc, Hits: -2.941, size: 3329, queued_as: 2485770086, 136 ms mail.info.1:Jun 15 16:41:57 bolt postfix/smtp[4743]: 375C570082: to=<[email protected]>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=4.8, delays=4.7/0/0/0.14, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 Ok, id=05399-06, from MTA([127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 2485770086) Which apparently got thrue. Any ideas how to restrict this?

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  • Courier Maildrop error user unknown. Command output: Invalid user specified

    - by cad
    Hello I have a problem with maildrop. I have read dozens of webs/howto/emails but couldnt solve it. My objective is moving automatically spam messages to a spam folder. My email server is working perfectly. It marks spam in subject and headers using spamassasin. My box has: Ubuntu 9.04 Web: Apache2 + Php5 + MySQL MTA: Postfix 2.5.5 + SpamAssasin + virtual users using mysql IMAP: Courier 0.61.2 + Courier AuthLib WebMail: SquirrelMail I have read that I could use Squirrelmail directly (not a good idea), procmail or maildrop. As I already have maildrop in the box (from courier) I have configured the server to use maildrop (added an entry in transport table for a virtual domain). I found this error in email: This is the mail system at host foo.net I'm sorry to have to inform you that your message could not be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below. For further assistance, please send mail to postmaster. If you do so, please include this problem report. You can delete your own text from the attached returned message. The mail system <[email protected]>: user unknown. Command output: Invalid user specified. Final-Recipient: rfc822; [email protected] Action: failed Status: 5.1.1 Diagnostic-Code: x-unix; Invalid user specified. ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: test <[email protected]> To: [email protected] Date: Sat, 1 May 2010 19:49:57 +0100 Subject: fail fail An this in the logs May 1 18:50:18 foo.net postfix/smtpd[14638]: connect from mail-bw0-f212.google.com[209.85.218.212] May 1 18:50:19 foo.net postfix/smtpd[14638]: 8A9E9DC23F: client=mail-bw0-f212.google.com[209.85.218.212] May 1 18:50:19 foo.net postfix/cleanup[14643]: 8A9E9DC23F: message-id=<[email protected]> May 1 18:50:19 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 8A9E9DC23F: from=<[email protected]>, size=1858, nrcpt=1 (queue active) May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/pickup[14627]: 1D4B4DC2AA: uid=5002 from=<[email protected]> May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/cleanup[14643]: 1D4B4DC2AA: message-id=<[email protected]> May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/pipe[14644]: 8A9E9DC23F: to=<[email protected]>, relay=spamassassin, delay=3.8, delays=0.55/0.02/0/3.2, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered via spamassassin service) May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 8A9E9DC23F: removed May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 1D4B4DC2AA: from=<[email protected]>, size=2173, nrcpt=1 (queue active) **May 1 18:50:23 foo.netpostfix/pipe[14648]: 1D4B4DC2AA: to=<[email protected]>, relay=maildrop, delay=0.22, delays=0.06/0.01/0/0.15, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (user unknown. Command output: Invalid user specified. )** May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/cleanup[14643]: 4C2BFDC240: message-id=<[email protected]> May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 4C2BFDC240: from=<>, size=3822, nrcpt=1 (queue active) May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/bounce[14651]: 1D4B4DC2AA: sender non-delivery notification: 4C2BFDC240 May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 1D4B4DC2AA: removed May 1 18:50:24 foo.net postfix/smtp[14653]: 4C2BFDC240: to=<[email protected]>, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[209.85.211.97]:25, delay=0.91, delays=0.02/0.03/0.12/0.74, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 OK 1272739824 37si5422420ywh.59) May 1 18:50:24 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 4C2BFDC240: removed My config files: http://lar3d.net/main.cf (/etc/postfix) http://lar3d.net/master.c (/etc/postfix) http://lar3d.net/local.cf (/etc/spamassasin) http://lar3d.net/maildroprc (maildroprc) If I change master.cf line (as suggested here) maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/lib/courier/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} with maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/lib/courier/bin/maildrop -d vmail ${recipient} I get the email in /home/vmail/MailDir instead of the correct dir (/home/vmail/foo.net/info/.SPAM ) After reading a lot I have some guess but not sure. - Maybe I have to install userdb? - Maybe is something related with mysql, but everything is working ok - If I try with procmail I will face same problem... - What are flags DRhu for? Couldnt find doc about them - In some places I found maildrop line with more parameters flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/lib/courier/bin/maildrop -d $ ${recipient} ${extension} ${recipient} ${user} ${nexthop} ${sender} I am really lost. Dont know how to continue. If you have any idea or need another config file please let me know. Thanks!!!

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  • Multiple Homed Windows 2008 Server / Windows 7 Client

    - by Daniel Scott
    I have a small Windows 2008 network, with some Windows 7 clients. The clients are both laptops with docking stations and I would like them to communicate with the Windows 2008 server (for filesharing) through the wired network whilst they're docked. Internet connectivity for all machines (clients and server) is via a Wireless LAN, so the wireless adapter in the Windows 7 clients stays active while they're docked. When the laptops are un-docked, it would be nice to still be able to contact the windows 2008 server for print sharing (and slower file sharing) - hence the server also being on the wireless LAN. The windows 2008 server is running Active Directory, DHCP and DNS. It controls DHCP leases on the wired network and holds the DNS records for "myserver.mycompany.local", which is what the filesharing clients connect to. Ideally I'd like the DNS records to return the wired IP first so that this is the address that the laptops will attempt initially - but there doesn't seem to be a way to do that? At present the server's IP on the wireless LAN comes out of an nslookup above the wired Lan IP. The multi-homing works perfectly - but in the wrong order! Switch on the wireless lan and ping myserver and it goes to the wireless IP. Disable the wireless on the client and do the same ping again and after a couple of seconds it starts pinging the wired address. Does anyone have any suggestions on how to make this work in a predictable order? - or even if it can work. Alternative 1? If it can't work, then would this work: Remove the wireless adapter from the server, put a wireless router/bridge on the wired network (set up to route to/from the wireless LAN's subnet), then configure the clients with two routes to the (now) single IP of the server with metrics favouring direct communication over the wired LAN first? Alternative 2? Should I instead single-home the laptops so all of their connectivity is via the wired-LAN while they're docked? (and route via the windows 2008 server - or a dedicated wireless bridge/router)? My concern here is that I'd like undocking to be seamless - and if the clients are in the middle of downloading something from the internet I wouldn't want whatever they're doing interupted as they switch IP addresses onto the Wireless network. Perhaps this isn't the case and I'm concerned over nothing? Any thoughts? :) UPDATE I seem to have cracked it (at least DNS entries come out in the order I hope for - and pinging the server with various combinations of wired, wireless and both interfaces enabled uses the IP I want) ... I set the binding order of the NICs on the Server (which is acting as Domain Controller, DHCP and DNS server) so that the Wired NIC is before the Wireless adapter. (Start -- type "Network Interfaces" -- Select "View Network Connections" -- Press Alt to show classic dropdown menus -- Advanced -- Advanced Settings) Now, an nslookup (from the client) of the server's hostname returns the Wired IP first, followed by the Wireless IP. The wired IP now seems to be used whenever it's contactable. Incidentally, the metrics on the wired and wireless routes (on the client) also favour the wired LAN (based on Windows' automatically assigned metrics) - but this was always the case, even when I was having trouble getting the wired IP to be "favoured". I'm not entirely sure if this is coincidence - or if a DNS server running on Windows, handing back IP addresses for itself does actually take the binding order of it's own network interfaces into account? It would be interesting to hear from someone who can confirm or deny that (or confirm that the binding order on the server plays a role for some other reason?)

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  • CentOS 6.2 Bridge Setup for KVM

    - by Gaia
    I'm trying to set up bridged networking with KVM on CentOS 6.2 to no avail. There are plenty of docs and tutorials about it, but they all seem to conflict or don't provide info specific enough to my situation. I just don't get it. I access the host via public IP "xxx.xxx.128.58". All other available IPs (/29) should be bridged and made available to the only KVM guest (running a public facing LAMP stack) that will be setup on this machine. The amazingly unhelpful NOC people assigned the extra IPs to eth1. Is this correct? Should br0 bridge to eth0 or eth1? How do I set this up? Here is the relevant info: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:25:90:68:FE:BC inet6 addr: fe80::225:90ff:fe68:febc/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:763 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:550811 (537.9 KiB) TX bytes:648 (648.0 b) Memory:fb980000-fba00000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:25:90:68:FE:BD inet addr:xxx.xxx.128.58 Bcast:xxx.xxx.128.63 Mask:255.255.255.248 inet6 addr: fe80::225:90ff:fe68:febd/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1806 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1505 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:133166 (130.0 KiB) TX bytes:106070 (103.5 KiB) Memory:fb900000-fb980000 eth1:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:25:90:68:FE:BD inet addr:xxx.xxx.128.59 Bcast:xxx.xxx.128.63 Mask:255.255.255.248 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Memory:fb900000-fb980000 eth1:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:25:90:68:FE:BD inet addr:xxx.xxx.128.60 Bcast:xxx.xxx.128.63 Mask:255.255.255.248 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Memory:fb900000-fb980000 eth1:2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:25:90:68:FE:BD inet addr:xxx.xxx.128.61 Bcast:xxx.xxx.128.63 Mask:255.255.255.248 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Memory:fb900000-fb980000 eth1:3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:25:90:68:FE:BD inet addr:xxx.xxx.128.62 Bcast:xxx.xxx.128.63 Mask:255.255.255.248 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Memory:fb900000-fb980000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) virbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:62:55:68 inet addr:192.168.122.1 Bcast:192.168.122.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) > cat /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=XXXX.domain.com > brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br0 8000.00259068febc no eth0 virbr0 8000.525400625568 yes virbr0-nic > ls -fl | grep ifcfg -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 198 Jun 7 10:58 ifcfg-eth0 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 254 Oct 7 2011 ifcfg-lo -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 77 Jun 6 18:51 ifcfg-eth1-range0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 168 Jun 6 18:50 ifcfg-eth1 > cat ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" BOOTPROTO="static" BRIDGE="br0" HWADDR="00:25:90:68:FE:BC" IPV6INIT="yes" MTU="1500" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT="yes" TYPE="Ethernet" IPADDR="yyy.yyy.216.131" NETMASK="255.255.255.128" > cat ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE="eth1" HWADDR="00:25:90:68:FE:BD" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT="yes" BOOTPROTO="static" IPADDR="xxx.xxx.128.58" NETMASK="255.255.255.248" GATEWAY="xxx.xxx.128.57" > cat ifcfg-eth1-range0 IPADDR_START="xxx.xxx.128.59" IPADDR_END="xxx.xxx.128.62" CLONENUM_START="0" Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface xxx.xxx.128.56 * 255.255.255.248 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.122.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0 link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 1003 0 0 eth1 default xxx.xxx.128.57 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1

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  • Intermittent 404 on select assets, LAMP stack

    - by Tom Lagier
    We have a LAMP stack WordPress server that is serving most assets correctly. However, one plugin's CSS file and several images are returning soft 404s roughly 20% of the time. I can't find any reference to the 404 in the access logs, but the browser is definitely receiving a 404 response from somewhere (WordPress, I would assume). When I use an alias URL that does not match the site URL but does resolve to the asset path, the resource loads correctly 100% of the time. However, using the site url only resolves for the select, problematic assets 20% of the time. You can test one of the problematic assets here: http://www.mreco.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg However the alias link always resolves correctly: http://mr-eco.wordpress.promocampaigns.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg Stranger, if I attempt to access outdated content that definitely does not exist on the server, at the live URL it returns the content roughly 50% of the time. Using the alias link, it 404s 100% of the time - the correct behavior. Error log and PHP error log are clean. A sample access log (pulled from grep 'zero-cost.jpg' /var/log/httpd/mr-eco-access_log) from several refreshes of the live direct link (where I am not seeing any 404's): 10.166.202.202 - - [28/May/2014:20:27:41 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg HTTP/1.1" 304 - 10.166.202.202 - - [28/May/2014:20:27:42 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg HTTP/1.1" 304 - 10.166.202.202 - - [28/May/2014:20:27:43 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg HTTP/1.1" 304 - 10.166.202.202 - - [28/May/2014:20:27:43 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg HTTP/1.1" 304 - 10.176.201.37 - - [28/May/2014:20:27:56 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2014/05/zero-cost.jpg HTTP/1.1" 200 57027 Chrome's dev tools list the following network activity before displaying 404 page content: zero-cost.jpg /wp-content/uploads/2014/05 GET 404 Not Found text/html Other 15.9?KB 73.2?KB 953?ms 947?ms My Apache configuration is standard, I've listed the virtual host entry and .htaccess file below. I can provide other parts of Apache config if necessary. Virtual host: <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /var/www/public_html/mr-eco.wordpress.promocampaigns.com ServerName www.mreco.org ServerAlias mreco.org mr-eco.wordpress.promocampaigns.com ErrorLog logs/mr-eco-error_log CustomLog logs/mr-eco-access_log common <Directory /var/www/public_html/mr-eco.wordpress.promocampaigns.com> AllowOverride All SetOutputFilter DEFLATE </Directory> </VirtualHost> .htaccess: # BEGIN WordPress <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /index.php [L] </IfModule> # END WordPress I have checked for multiple A records and can confirm that there is a single A record pointing at the domain: ;; ANSWER SECTION: mreco.org. 60 IN A 50.18.58.174 I'm fairly new to systems administration, and at a complete loss as to what could cause this. In the past, inconsistently 404ing assets have been because of out-of-sync instances behind a load balancer. In this case, it is a single instance behind the load balancer. Because of the inconsistency, it feels like a caching issue. We don't make use of Apache caching, and as far as I know WordPress should not be caching either. What I've done so far: Reset WordPress permalinks Disabled WordPress plugins Re-generated WordPress .htaccess file Swapped ServerName and ServerAlias directives Cleared browser cache Confirmed disk location of resources Checked PHP, access, and error logs Confirmed correct DNS setup (can post if necessary) I'm at a total loss. Thanks for helping me out!

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  • DNS lookups failing somewhere between firewall and router

    - by TessellatingHeckler
    we have a setup of ADSL line - Cisco 837 ADSL router - Zyxel ZyWall 35 firewall/NAT - Switch == Intel load balanced NICS in a server. It has been fine for years, suddenly DNS resolution stopped working on the server. No changes that I know of, so I can't work backwards from there. It was configured with the ISP's DNS servers, neither network device does DNS relaying. Wireshark shows the request go out but nothing comes back. The server networking stack seems OK though, because if we query an internal DNS server on a remote site, that works. I can logon to the Cisco, and DNS resolves OK from the command line. I can logon to the ZyWall, and DNS does not resolve from the command line. So the problem seems to be the firewall, patch cable or router, yes? On the router: interface Ethernet0 ip address aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd 255.255.255.ddd ip tcp adjust-mss 1450 hold-queue 100 out On the firewall: DNS server set to 8.8.8.8 (Google's), DNS traffic allowed LAN-WAN. What else should I look for? Update: Following This guide I've got traffic logging on the Cisco. I have also got access to a public DNS server which I can run tcpdump on to see things from the other side. And as per the below comments, I've tested with Dig and see that DNS over TCP works, and over UDP does not. Currently: DNS request from the server using TCP shows up in the firewall log, and in the Cisco log, and in tcpdump on the DNS server, the answer comes back, it works fine. DNS request from the server using UDP shows up in the firewall log, and in the Cisco log, does NOT show in tcpdump on the DNS server, times out. DNS request from the cisco (using UDP) does show up in tcpdump on the DNS server, answer received, works fine. Ping requests from the server and the cisco to the DNS server show up in tcpdump on the DNS server. DNS request from the server using UDP does show up on the firewall. Summary: TCP seems fine throughought. UDP works over the ADSL and to the Cisco, and it works from the server to the Cisco, but it doesn't cross the Cisco properly, it seems. I did see the Cisco showing as connected at 10Mb/full-duplex internally, and the firewall showing as 100Mb/full-duplex externally. I have forced the firewall to 10Mb and rebooted both devices. That seemed to help get UDP traffic (server-firewall-cisco) instead of (server-firewall), but did not fix it. Update: Sanitized Cisco config: version 12.2 no service pad service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec service password-encryption ! hostname cisco ! logging queue-limit 100 enable secret 5 {password} enable password 7 {password} ! ip subnet-zero ip domain name example.org ip name-server {nameserver_IP} ! ! ip audit notify log ip audit po max-events 100 no ftp-server write-enable ! interface Ethernet0 ip address {Inside_public_IP} 255.255.255.248 ip tcp adjust-mss 1460 hold-queue 100 out ! interface ATM0 no ip address no atm ilmi-keepalive pvc 0/38 encapsulation aal5mux ppp dialer dialer pool-member 1 ! dsl operating-mode auto ! interface Dialer1 ip unnumbered Ethernet0 encapsulation ppp dialer pool 1 dialer idle-timeout 0 dialer persistent no cdp enable ppp chap hostname {ADSL_Username} ppp chap password 7 {ADSL_Password} ! ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Dialer1 no ip http server no ip http secure-server ! access-list 23 permit {IP} dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit no cdp run snmp-server enable traps tty ! {con, vty} end

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  • Linux bcm43224 wifi adapter slows down a couple minutes after boot

    - by Blubber
    I just installed Ubuntu on my mid 2012 MacBook Air. Everything worked out of the box, but the wifi is showing some weird behavior. When I first login it's really fast, loading google.com is near instant, and browsing in general feels at least as smooth as it did on Mac OS. However, after a couple minutes the connection slows down dramatically, sometimes it takes over 5s to load google.com, a simple reboot fixes the problem for another couple minutes. Specs: Wifi: 02:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM43224 802.11a/b/g/n (rev 01) Driver: open-source brcmsmac driver Kernel: Linux wega 3.8.0-21-generic #32-Ubuntu SMP Tue May 14 22:16:46 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux Distro: Ubuntu 13.04 (uptodate) I tried a number of things, none of which actually helped Use proprietary sta driver from broadcom Installed firmware into /lib/firmware/brcms (which, as far as I can tell from logs, does not get loaded at all) Switch router to only use 2.4 OR 5 GHz Set router to only use a OR g OR n Set router to use AES encryption only Turned off power management on the adapter Set regulatory region to the correct value (NL) on both router and laptop Disable ipv6 Nothing seems to help, the slowdown always occurs. I did notice that the latency (ping google.com) stays roughly the same (around 9ms). Below is some more information that might be of use. $ lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 net 02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM43224 802.11a/b/g/n [14e4:4353] (rev 01) Subsystem: Apple Inc. Device [106b:00e9] Kernel driver in use: bcma-pci-bridge $ rfkill list 0: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no $ lsmod Module Size Used by dm_crypt 22820 1 arc4 12615 2 brcmsmac 550698 0 coretemp 13355 0 kvm_intel 132891 0 parport_pc 28152 0 kvm 443165 1 kvm_intel ppdev 17073 0 cordic 12574 1 brcmsmac brcmutil 14755 1 brcmsmac mac80211 606457 1 brcmsmac cfg80211 510937 2 brcmsmac,mac80211 bnep 18036 2 rfcomm 42641 12 joydev 17377 0 applesmc 19353 0 input_polldev 13896 1 applesmc snd_hda_codec_hdmi 36913 1 microcode 22881 0 snd_hda_codec_cirrus 23829 1 nls_iso8859_1 12713 1 uvcvideo 80847 0 btusb 22474 0 snd_hda_intel 39619 3 videobuf2_vmalloc 13056 1 uvcvideo snd_hda_codec 136453 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec_cirrus bcm5974 17347 0 bluetooth 228619 22 bnep,btusb,rfcomm snd_hwdep 13602 1 snd_hda_codec lpc_ich 17061 0 videobuf2_memops 13202 1 videobuf2_vmalloc videobuf2_core 40513 1 uvcvideo videodev 129260 2 uvcvideo,videobuf2_core bcma 41051 1 brcmsmac snd_pcm 97451 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel snd_page_alloc 18710 2 snd_pcm,snd_hda_intel snd_seq_midi 13324 0 snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi 30180 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 61554 2 snd_seq_midi_event,snd_seq_midi snd_seq_device 14497 3 snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_midi snd_timer 29425 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd 68876 16 snd_hwdep,snd_timer,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_pcm,snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_seq_device,snd_hda_codec_cirrus mei 41158 0 soundcore 12680 1 snd apple_bl 13673 0 mac_hid 13205 0 lp 17759 0 parport 46345 3 lp,ppdev,parport_pc usb_storage 57204 0 hid_apple 13237 0 hid_generic 12540 0 ghash_clmulni_intel 13259 0 aesni_intel 55399 399 aes_x86_64 17255 1 aesni_intel xts 12885 1 aesni_intel lrw 13257 1 aesni_intel gf128mul 14951 2 lrw,xts ablk_helper 13597 1 aesni_intel cryptd 20373 4 ghash_clmulni_intel,aesni_intel,ablk_helper i915 600351 3 ahci 25731 3 libahci 31364 1 ahci video 19390 1 i915 i2c_algo_bit 13413 1 i915 drm_kms_helper 49394 1 i915 usbhid 47074 0 drm 286313 4 i915,drm_kms_helper hid 101002 3 hid_generic,usbhid,hid_apple $ dmesg | egrep 'b43|bcma|brcm|[F]irm' [ 0.055025] [Firmware Bug]: ioapic 2 has no mapping iommu, interrupt remapping will be disabled [ 0.152336] [Firmware Bug]: ACPI: BIOS _OSI(Linux) query ignored [ 2.187681] pci_root PNP0A08:00: [Firmware Info]: MMCONFIG for domain 0000 [bus 00-99] only partially covers this bridge [ 12.553600] bcma-pci-bridge 0000:02:00.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0002) [ 12.553657] bcma: bus0: Found chip with id 0xA8D8, rev 0x01 and package 0x08 [ 12.553688] bcma: bus0: Core 0 found: ChipCommon (manuf 0x4BF, id 0x800, rev 0x22, class 0x0) [ 12.553715] bcma: bus0: Core 1 found: IEEE 802.11 (manuf 0x4BF, id 0x812, rev 0x17, class 0x0) [ 12.553764] bcma: bus0: Core 2 found: PCIe (manuf 0x4BF, id 0x820, rev 0x0F, class 0x0) [ 12.605777] bcma: bus0: Bus registered [ 12.852925] brcmsmac bcma0:0: mfg 4bf core 812 rev 23 class 0 irq 17 [ 13.085176] brcmsmac bcma0:0: brcms_ops_bss_info_changed: qos enabled: false (implement) [ 13.085186] brcmsmac bcma0:0: brcms_ops_config: change power-save mode: false (implement) [ 20.862617] brcmsmac bcma0:0: brcmsmac: brcms_ops_bss_info_changed: associated [ 20.862622] brcmsmac bcma0:0: brcms_ops_bss_info_changed: arp filtering: enabled true, count 0 (implement) [ 20.862625] brcmsmac bcma0:0: brcms_ops_bss_info_changed: qos enabled: true (implement) [ 20.897957] brcmsmac bcma0:0: brcms_ops_bss_info_changed: arp filtering: enabled true, count 1 (implement) $ iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11abgn ESSID:"wlan" Mode:Managed Frequency:5.22 GHz Access Point: E0:46:9A:4E:63:9A Bit Rate=65 Mb/s Tx-Power=17 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:off Link Quality=63/70 Signal level=-47 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:13 Invalid misc:56 Missed beacon:0

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  • Magento hosting on a budget

    - by spa
    I have to do a setup for Magento. My constraint is primarily ease of setup and fault tolerance/fail over. Furthermore costs are an issue. I have three identical physical servers to get the job done. Each server node has an i7 quad core, 16GB RAM, and 2x3TB HD in a software RAID 1 configuration. Each node runs Ubuntu 12.04. right now. I have an additional IP address which can be routed to any of these nodes. The Magento shop has max. 1000 products, 50% of it are bundle products. I would estimate that max. 100 users are active at once. This leads me to the conclusion, that performance is not top priority here. My first setup idea One node (lb) runs nginx as a load balancer. The additional IP is used with domain name and routed to this node by default. Nginx distributes the load equally to the other two nodes (shop1, shop2). Shop1 and shop2 are configured equally: each server runs Apache2 and MySQL. The Mysqls are configured with master/slave replication. My failover strategy: Lb fails = Route IP to shop1 (MySQL master), continue. Shop1 fails = Lb will handle that automatically, promote MySQL slave on shop2 to master, reconfigure Magento to use shop2 for writes, continue. Shop2 fails = Lb will handle that automatically, continue. Is this a sane strategy? Has anyone done a similar setup with Magento? My second setup idea Another way to do it would be to use drbd for storing the MySQL data files on shop1 and shop2. I understand that in this scenario only one node/MySQL instance can be active and the other is used as hot standby. So in case shop1 fails, I would start up MySQL on shop2, route the IP to shop2, and continue. I like that as the MySQL setup is easier and the nodes can be configured 99% identical. So in this case the load balancer becomes useless and I have a spare server. My third setup idea The third way might be master-master replication of MySQL databases. However, in my optinion this might be tricky, as Magento isn't build for this scenario (e.g. conflicting ids for new rows). I would not do that until I have heard of a working example. Could you give me an advice which route to follow? There seems not one "good" way to do it. E.g. I read blog posts which describe a MySQL master/slave setup for Magento, but elsewhere I read, that data might get duplicated when the slave lags behind the master (e.g. when an order is placed, a customer might get created twice). I'm kind of lost here.

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  • bind9 DNS Ubuntu names pingible on server, but not on Windows Machines?

    - by leeand00
    I setup a DNS server today on Ubuntu, following this tutorial. My intent was to setup my network for dns-name resolving on the private LAN within a single zone (nothing fancy I just want name resolution). I've tested the setup on the DNS server machine itself, and I can ping all the machines listed in the configuration file. I've also configured the Windows Machines on my network, and for some reason they are incapable of pinging by names as was possible on the DNS Server itself. I've tried running nslookup on the Windows DNS clients and I receive and error mentioning the address of the DNS server. DNS forwarding works fine, I'm not having any trouble accessing the internet, the problem only lies within accessing names within the private LAN. Here are my configuration files: options { directory "/var/cache/bind"; // If there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want // to talk to, you may need to fix the firewall to allow multiple // ports to talk. See http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/800113 // If your ISP provided one or more IP addresses for stable // nameservers, you probably want to use them as forwarders. // Uncomment the following block, and insert the addresses replacing // the all-0's placeholder. // forwarders { // 0.0.0.0; // }; forwarders { 8.8.8.8; 8.8.8.4; 74.242.0.12; //68.87.76.178; }; auth-nxdomain no; # conform to RFC1035 listen-on-v6 { any; }; }; /etc/bind/named.conf.options zone "leerdomain.local" { type master; file "/etc/bind/zones/leerdomain.local.db"; notify no; }; zone "2.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/zones/rev.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa"; notify no; }; /etc/bind/named.conf.local Lookup: $TTL 3D @ IN SOA ns.leerdomain.local. admin.leerdomain.local. ( 2010011001 28800 3600 604800 38400 ); leerdomain.local. IN NS ns.leerdomain.local. ns IN A 192.168.2.9 asus IN A 192.168.2.254 www IN CNAME asus vaio IN A 192.168.2.253 iptouch IN A 192.168.2.252 toshiba IN A 192.168.2.251 gw IN A 192.168.2.1 TXT "Network Gateway" /etc/bind/zones/leerdomain.local.db (Validates fine with named-checkzone when validating zone leerdomain.local) Reverse Lookup: $TTL 3D @ IN SOA ns.leerdomain.local. admin.leerdomain.local. ( 201001101 28800 604800 604800 86400 ) IN NS ns.leerdomain.local. 1 IN PTR gw.leerdomain.local. 254 IN PTR asus.leerdomain.local. 253 IN PTR vaio.leerdomain.local. 252 IN PTR iptouch.leerdomain.local. 251 IN PTR toshiba.leerdomain.local. /etc/bind/zones/rev.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa *(Does not validate with named-checkzone when validating zone leerdomain.local gives an error of: zone leerdomain.local/IN: NS 'ns.leerdomain.local' has no address records (A or AAAA) zone leerdomain.local/IN: not loaded due to errors. * Despite not validating bind9 starts without errors in /var/log/syslog I've also configured a few of the windows machines on my network to have the static ip as specified in the lookup and reverse lookup config files. i.e. Using nslookup yields the following results: C:\Users\leeand00>nslookup ns Server: UnKnown Address: 192.168.2.9 *** UnKnown can't find ns: Non-existent domain C:\Users\leeand00>nslookup gw Server: UnKnown Address: 192.168.2.9 Name: gw. Additionally trying to ping by name also fails on machines that are not the DNS Server. Is there something wrong with my configuration of either the nameserver or the Windows Boxes that is keeping me from accessing other machines using names?

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  • Moved DNS and Email Hosting, Now Can't Send/Receive To/From Domains Hosted on Previous Host

    - by maxfinis
    Our company had 4 domains whose emails and DNS were hosted by one company, and then we moved the email and DNS hosting for 3 of the 4 domains to a new company. Now, the 3 domains that were moved can't send or receive emails to and from the one domain still left on the old server. All other email functions work fine for all 4 domains. There are no bouncebacks, error messages, or emails stuck in queue, and no evidence of these missing emails hitting the new servers. The new hosting company confirms that everything is fine on their end, and assures me that it's most likely an old zone file still remaining on the old nameserver, and so the emails sent from the old host is routed to what it believes is still the authoritative nameserver. Because the old zone file's MX records still contain the old resource, the requests never leave the old nameserver to go online to do a fresh search for the real (new) authoritative nameserver. The compounding problem is that the old company is rather inept and doesn't seem to have the technical expertise to identify the problem, much less fix it. (I know, I know.) Is the problem truly that this old zone file just needs to be deleted from the old company's nameserver? If so, what's the best way for me to describe this to them? If not, what do you think could be the issue? Any help is much appreciated. I'm not in IT, so all this is new to me. I know it seems weird for me (the client) to have to do this legwork, but I just want to get this resolved. Here's what I've done: Ran dig to verify that the old server's MX records still point to the old authoritative server, instead of going online to do a fresh search: ~$ dig @old.nameserver.com domainthatwasmoved.com mx ; << DiG 9.6.0-APPLE-P2 << @old.nameserver.com domainThatWasMoved.com mx ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; -HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 61227 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;domainthatwasmoved.com. IN MX ;; ANSWER SECTION: domainthatwasmoved.com. 3600 IN MX 10 mail.oldmailserver.com. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: mail.oldmailserver.com. 3600 IN A 65.198.191.5 ;; Query time: 29 msec ;; SERVER: 65.198.191.5#53(65.198.191.5) ;; WHEN: Sun Dec 26 16:59:22 2010 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 88 Ran dig to try to see where the new hosting company's servers look when emails are sent from the 3 domains that were moved, and got refused: ~$ dig @new.nameserver.net domainStillAtOldHost.com mx ; << DiG 9.6.0-APPLE-P2 << @new.nameserver.net domainStillAtOldHost.com mx ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; -HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: REFUSED, id: 31599 ;; flags: qr rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; WARNING: recursion requested but not available ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;domainStillAtOldHost.com. IN MX ;; Query time: 31 msec ;; SERVER: 216.201.128.10#53(216.201.128.10) ;; WHEN: Sun Dec 26 17:00:14 2010 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 34

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  • Server Admin is not allowing me to configure DNS

    - by Clinton Blackmore
    We have a Mac OS X 10.5.8 Server running DNS (and a few other services). When I connect to it (using Server Admin 10.5.3 [which comes from the Server Admin 10.5.7 tools]), and click to look at the DNS settings, all appears normal -- it shows many reverse entries and two top-level domains. However, when I select one of our domains and open the disclosure triangle, the list is empty! [There should be over a dozen entries, and the reverse entries do show up.] If I then tell it I want to add, say, an A Record to the domain, almost everything disappears -- and I am left with a list showing our two domains, one with a disclosure triangle underneath it showing a single entry, and one reverse entry to correspond to the new A record. named appears to be working fine. DNS names resolve. It appears to simply be that Server Admin is having problems with the data on the computer. No one here would have manually created a DNS entry. Now, while I think I've backed up the DNS (I backed up /var/named/, /etc/named.conf, and /etc/dns/, as mentioned here), I'm really not sure if just replacing the files would restore the DNS settings we have if things go south. I am contemplating going to settings and changing the log level from "Information" to "Debug", but 1) I am just a little concerned that it might write a bad configuration to the disk, and 2) I think it would only affect named and not Server Admin, and, so far as I can tell, named is not having a problem. (Nothing looks strange in /Library/Logs/named.log when I open it via Console/Terminal. Oddly, though, when I click on the 'log' button for DNS in Server Admin, I see no text at all, just a fully white window. When I look at one of our secondary DNS servers, I am able to see the log file through Server Admin.) This entry appears in the system log when I run Server Admin on the server: Jun 17 09:02:08 od1 Server Admin[3892]: Unexpected call to doMarkConfigurationAsDirty by 'DNS' plugin during updateConfigurationViewFromDescription It seems to occur after I've looked at DNS, look at another service, and then click back on DNS. Think that the most likely cause is a corrupt configuration file, I glanced through all the files that I backed up, and none of them is obviously gobbledygook. Here are some oddities I find when running Server Admin from a remote computer to manage the DNS. When I click to see the log file for DNS, the server starts writing messages like these to its system.log: Jun 17 09:59:04 od1 kernel[0]: Limiting open port RST response from 252 to 250 packets per second Jun 17 09:59:06 od1 kernel[0]: Limiting open port RST response from 258 to 250 packets per second This stops when I click on a different service. The inderterminate progress indicator (the spinning wheel that appears beside the "Revert" and "Save" buttons in the bottom-right corner of Server Admin) looks really strange. As far as I can tell, instead of just spinning and waiting, it is being told to start spinning repeatedly, resulting in a jerky animation. Here are some of the messages being logged on the computer running Server Admin: At startup: *** ERROR: -[GRAxes computeLayout]:1124 - plotRect height = 0.000000 <= 0.0 *** *** ERROR: -[GRChartView computeLayout]:1194 - Layout for overlay axes (0x18758f50) failed. *** (These messages don't concern me too much as they go away for a while if you delete ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.ServerAdmin.plist). At shutdown: 2010-06-17 10:02:17.202 Server Admin[7770:10b] *** -[GroupTextField windowDidResignKey:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x16e12490 More concerning are these messages: 2010-06-17 09:59:47.269 Server Admin[7770:10b] Unexpected call to doMarkConfigurationAsDirty by 'DNS' plugin during updateConfigurationViewFromDescription Server Admin(7770,0xb0453000) malloc: *** error for object 0x1c115390: double free *** set a breakpoint in malloc_error_break to debug 2010-06-17 10:01:00.795 Server Admin[7770:10b] *** -[ServiceEntry sessionHost]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x2af500 Any thoughts on: what the problem is how I can troubleshoot it or how to fix it? If I do need to wipe out DNS and restart, is there a good way to do this?

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  • Bizarre and very specific Internet connection loss

    - by Synetech
    Yesterday (Friday, September 21, 2012), my Internet connection started acting up. After some testing, I confirmed a very specific and baffling set of symptoms: Internet connection goes away every 25-35 minutes (I did not confirm the exact interval, but it seems to be about 30 mins.) Only some protocols are affected; HTTP*, P2P, etc. stop working; FTP, etc. continue to work When it’s stopped, cannot even ping router or cable-modem IPs or view their firmware pages Domain-names and IPs are irrelevant (for protocols that stop working, neither work, for those that still work, both work) Resetting router fixes it for another 30 minutes Keeping the connection idle or active doesn’t seem to make a difference (nor the bandwidth usage in that period) Connecting directly to cable-modem allows it to work indefinitely Disconnecting the router from the cable-modem works indefinitely (no Internet connection obviously, but can still access router IP and firmware page) Connecting the router to the cable-modem, but putting the modem on standby also works indefinitely Same problem with both a wireless laptop and wired (on any port) desktop (both Windows 7; will try to test Windows XP when possible) Nothing had changed in the days leading up to the issue. No modifications to the networking configuration or the router; there were not even any Windows updates except for an MSSE definition update. Waiting does not fix it, nor does any amount of fiddling with anything; only resetting the router fixes it for 30 minutes (resetting the cable-modem doesn't work either) I tried cleaning the pins in the router’s plugs, but that didn’t help, which was not really a surprise since I was not getting a lost connection error. Obviously my first thought was that the router was having a problem, and this is borne out by some tests. The problem is that when it drops, it is not a full drop since I can still do things like ftp ftp.mcafee.com and such which means that the connection and DNS are still working. Moreover, if it were the router, then why does it stay alive indefinitely when not connected to the cable-modem (i.e., no outside influence)? The problem doesn't seem to be either the cable-modem nor the router, but rather an interaction between the two, like something from the outside (port scan? hacker? ISP?) that is triggering a problem in the router. I see that there have been a couple of vulnerabilities for the DI-524, but those were a while back and should be fixed since I have the last firmware for it. I don’t think it’s my ISP (Rogers) since I have been using the router for several years without problem and can connect indefinitely when bypassing it. But I can’t rule them out since that is one of the only possible things that could have suddenly changed. Does anybody have any ideas of explanations, fixed, or tests? (I note that when I opened the router, I heard a very high-pitched noise from somewhere near the capacitors/ferrite ring which I don’t think I heard the last time I opened it a few years ago, but then if it were that, then why would it affect only a very small, specific set of functions?)

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  • Configuring Wireless on Cisco 851W

    - by Aequitarum Custos
    Either a powersurge or something caused our router's configuration to get wiped, and our last backup was before the wireless network was setup. We have not been able to reconfigure the wireless since then, so was curious if anyone here would be able to determine what configuration is needed. We are using a Cisco 851W running 12.4(15)T9 We would like to use WPA encryption, and have it on the same network as the rest of the office network. Config file is below: User Access Verification Building configuration... Current configuration : 3857 bytes ! version 12.4 no service pad service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec service password-encryption no service dhcp ! hostname BOB ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! enable secret 5 ********************* ! no aaa new-model ! ! dot11 syslog no ip source-route ! ! ip cef no ip bootp server ip domain name BOB.com ip name-server 61.11.1.1 ip name-server 61.11.1.2 ! ! ! username BOBB privilege 15 password 7 ************************* ! ! archive log config hidekeys ! ! ip tcp synwait-time 10 ! ! ! interface FastEthernet0 no cdp enable ! interface FastEthernet1 no cdp enable ! interface FastEthernet2 no cdp enable ! interface FastEthernet3 no cdp enable ! interface FastEthernet4 description WAN Connection$ETH-WAN$ ip address 61.11.1.14 255.255.254.0 ip nat outside ip virtual-reassembly duplex auto speed auto no cdp enable ! interface Dot11Radio0 no ip address shutdown ! encryption mode ciphers tkip speed basic-1.0 basic-2.0 basic-5.5 6.0 9.0 basic-11.0 12.0 18.0 24.0 36.0 48.0 54.0 station-role root no cdp enable ! interface Dot11Radio0.1 encapsulation dot1Q 1 native no cdp enable bridge-group 1 bridge-group 1 subscriber-loop-control bridge-group 1 spanning-disabled bridge-group 1 block-unknown-source no bridge-group 1 source-learning no bridge-group 1 unicast-flooding ! interface Dot11Radio0.20 ip access-group Guest-ACL in no cdp enable ! interface Vlan1 description Internal Network ip address 192.168.2.60 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside ip nat enable ip virtual-reassembly ! ip forward-protocol nd ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 61.11.2.14 ! ip http server no ip http secure-server ip nat inside source list 1 interface FastEthernet4 overload ! ip access-list extended Guest-ACL deny ip any 192.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 permit ip any any ! access-list 1 permit 192.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 100 remark SDM_ACL Category=2 access-list 100 permit ip 192.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 any no cdp run ! control-plane ! !

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  • Having Hotlink Protectin problem in nginx

    - by Ayaz Malik
    Hello, i am having image hotlink protection problem in my nginx need help. i have a huge issue of my site's images being submited to social networks like stumbleupon with direct link ... xxxxx.jpg which some times get huge traffic and increases cpu usage plus bandwidth usage. what i am trying to do is block direct access to image from other refrers and hotlink protection. Here is the code from my vhost.conf server { access_log off; error_log logs/vhost-error_log warn; listen 80; server_name mydomain.com www.mydomain.com; # uncomment location below to make nginx serve static files instead of Apache # NOTE this will cause issues with bandwidth accounting as files wont be logged location ~* \.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|wmv|avi|mpg|mpeg|mp4|htm|html|js|css)$ { root /home/username/public_html; expires 1d; } root /home/mydomain/public_html; } location / { client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; # you can increase proxy_buffers here to suppress "an upstream response # is buffered to a temporary file" warning proxy_buffers 16 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; proxy_connect_timeout 30s; proxy_redirect http://www.mydomain.com:81 http://www.mydomain.com; proxy_redirect http://mydomain.com:81 http://mydomain.com; proxy_pass http://ip_address/; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; expires 24h; } } So for hotlink protection i added this code : location ~* (\.jpg|\.png|\.gif|\.jpeg)$ { valid_referers blocked www.mydomain.com mydomain.com; if ($invalid_referer) { return 403; } This is how the current nginx code for this domain looks like but didn't worked: server { access_log off; error_log logs/vhost-error_log warn; listen 80; server_name mydomain.com www.mydomain.com; # uncomment location below to make nginx serve static files instead of Apache # NOTE this will cause issues with bandwidth accounting as files wont be logged location ~* \.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|wmv|avi|mpg|mpeg|mp4|htm|html|js|css)$ { root /home/username/public_html; expires 1d; } root /home/mydomain/public_html; } location ~* (\.jpg|\.png|\.gif|\.jpeg)$ { valid_referers blocked www.mydomain.com mydomain.com; if ($invalid_referer) { return 403; } location / { client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; # you can increase proxy_buffers here to suppress "an upstream response # is buffered to a temporary file" warning proxy_buffers 16 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; proxy_connect_timeout 30s; proxy_redirect http://www.mydomain.com:81 http://www.mydomain.com; proxy_redirect http://mydomain.com:81 http://mydomain.com; proxy_pass http://ip_address/; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; expires 24h; } } Thank you in advance :) cheers

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  • Centos/OVH: public IP on KVM virtual machine

    - by Sébastien
    Since a few days, I'm trying to configure my KVM vm to have a public IP address, without any success. First, I'm on OVH, and you need to know they don't allow networking from different mac addresses. I have so registered a virtual mac address associated with my failover IP Here's my configuration: Guest wanted IP: 46.105.40.x Host IP: 176.31.240.x Host configuration dummy0 interface: ifcfg-dummy0 BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=10.0.0.1 NETMASK=255.0.0.0 ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no ARP=yes BRIDGE=br0 br0 bridge: ifcfg-br0 DEVICE=br0 TYPE=Bridge DELAY=0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=192.168.1.1 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 PEERDNS=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no ARP=yes Failover ip is redirected to the br0 bridge with ip route add 46.105.40.xxx dev br0 > cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 1 > cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/vnet0/proxy_arp 1 > route -n Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 176.31.240.254 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 46.105.40.x 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 br0 176.31.240.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 Guest configuration: KVM: <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='02:00:00:30:22:05'/> <source bridge='br0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/> </interface> I've borrowed most of the OVH configuration here (in french, http://guides.ovh.com/BridgeClient) for the guest configuration eth0 interface: ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" BOOTPROTO=none HWADDR="02:00:00:30:22:05" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT="yes" TYPE="Ethernet" UUID="e9138469-0d81-4ee6-b5ab-de0d7d17d1c8" USERCTL=no PEERDNS=yes IPADDR=46.105.40.xxx NETMASK=255.255.255.255 GATEWAY=176.31.240.254 ARP=yes For the routes, I have in route-eth0: 176.31.240.254 dev eth0 default via 176.31.240.254 dev eth0 With this configuration, I don't have any access to the internet. The only thing I can do is to ping the public ip of the host, nothing more. My final conclusion is that the route does not work, because, when, on the guest, I run ping 8.8.8.8, I have, on the host: > tcpdump -i vnet0 icmp tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on br0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:38:09.009324 IP 46-105-40-xxx.kimsufi.com > google-public-dns-a.google.com: ICMP echo request, id 50183, seq 1, length 64 13:38:09.815344 IP 46-105-40-xxx.kimsufi.com > google-public-dns-a.google.com: ICMP echo request, id 50183, seq 2, length 64 I never get the ping reply, only the request. It seems Guest - Host communication is fine. On eth0: > tcpdump -i eth0 icmp tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:39:40.240561 IP 46-105-40-xxx.kimsufi.com > google-public-dns-a.google.com: ICMP echo request, id 50439, seq 1, length 64 13:39:40.250161 IP google-public-dns-a.google.com > 46-105-40-xxx.kimsufi.com: ICMP echo reply, id 50439, seq 1, length 64 I have the request and the reply on eth0, but reply is not forwarded to the bridge. I really don't understand why, I though it was the aim of the route to do that! IPtables is disabled on both host and guest. I really hope some of you will be able to help me! Many thanks in advance, Sébastien

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  • How to set up a centralized backup server with lots of offsite workstations, intermittent internet connectivity, and stubborn users?

    - by Zac B
    This might be an impossible question. Context: We have a bunch of computers across around 1000 users. We have a centralized office where 900 of the users work, most of the time. Most of the computers are laptops. They are very frequently coming on and off the network for hours at a time. Users often take their computers home and do lots of work from home. In addition, there are a handful of users who work elsewhere in the country, who are offline (no internet connection whatsoever) for more than half of the time they use their machines. All of the machines are Windows 7/XP. Problem: People are always losing data. One day someone accidentally deletes a bunch of files. The next day someone else installs a bad driver or tries to mess with something in system32 and needs a personal data backup/reinstall of Windows. Because of how many of our business operations are done without an internet connection, and how frequently computers come on- and offline, it's unfeasible to make users use network storage for all of their data. We tried giving them Dropboxes, and they stored their files elsewhere. We bought and deployed Altiris, and they uninstalled it and blamed us when they couldn't get files back that they accidentally deleted while they were offline and hadn't taken a backup in months. We tried teaching them backup best-practices, and using scheduled sync tools to upload things to the network drives, and they turned them off because they "looked like viruses". It doesn't help that many of these users are pretty high up in the business and are not amicable to any sort of "you need to do something regularly because we say so" solution. Question: Other than finding another job where IT is treated differently and users are willing to follow best practices, how would people recommend I implement a file backup solution that supports the following: Backs up to a centralized server over LAN or WAN whenever a network link becomes available, or on a schedule. Supports interrupted/resumed backups (and hopefully file-delta only backups), since connections to the network (WAN or LAN) are often slow and only open for half an hour or so. Supports relatively rapid, "I accidentally deleted the TPS reports! Oh no!" single-file recovery, ideally administered from the central backup server rather than the client PC. Supports local-to-local file delta backup on a schedule, so that users without a network connection for a few days can still retrieve accidental deletions or whatnot. Ideally, the local stored backups would be pushed up to the server whenever network link is available. Isn't configurable on the clients without certain credentials. Because the CFOs (who won't give up their admin rights on the domain) will disable it if they can. Backs up the entire hard drive. There are people who are self-righteous about storing things in C:\, or in the recycle bin, or in the C:\Windows dir (yes, I know). I'm fine integrating multiple products/solutions, or scripting different programs together myself (I'm a somewhat competent programmer), but I've been drawing a blank on where to start. Dropbox is folder-specific, Altiris doesn't cope with LAN outages or interrupted/resumed backups, Volume Shadow Copy is awesome for a local-to-local solution, but I don't know how to push days of stored shadow copies up to a server in a 2 hour window of network access. The company is fine with spending decent money on this, thousands (USD) on a server, and hundreds on clients, if necessary. I want to emphasize that this isn't a shopping list request. While I wish there was a program out there that did what I want, I've looked pretty hard, and not found anything that fits the bill. Instead, I'm hoping for ideas on where to start hacking things together from scratch/from different technologies to make something stable that works. Cheers!

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