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  • Functions that only call other functions. Is this a good practice?

    - by Eric C.
    I'm currently working on a set of reports that have many different sections (all requiring different formatting), and I'm trying to figure out the best way to structure my code. Similar reports we've done in the past end up having very large (200+ line) functions that do all of the data manipulation and formatting for the report, such that the workflow looks something like this: DataTable reportTable = new DataTable(); void RunReport() { reportTable = DataClass.getReportData(); largeReportProcessingFunction(); outputReportToUser(); } I would like to be able to break these large functions up into smaller chunks, but I'm afraid that I'll just end up having dozens of non-reusable functions, and a similar "do everything here" function whose only job is to call all these smaller functions, like so: void largeReportProcessingFunction() { processSection1HeaderData(); calculateSection1HeaderAverages(); formatSection1HeaderDisplay(); processSection1SummaryTableData(); calculateSection1SummaryTableTotalRow(); formatSection1SummaryTableDisplay(); processSection1FooterData(); getSection1FooterSummaryTotals(); formatSection1FooterDisplay(); processSection2HeaderData(); calculateSection1HeaderAverages(); formatSection1HeaderDisplay(); calculateSection1HeaderAverages(); ... } Or, if we go one step further: void largeReportProcessingFunction() { callAllSection1Functions(); callAllSection2Functions(); callAllSection3Functions(); ... } Is this really a better solution? From an organizational point of view I suppose it is (i.e. everything is much more organized than it might otherwise be), but as far as code readability I'm not sure (potentially large chains of functions that only call other functions). Thoughts?

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  • My internet connection slows or dies unexpectedly

    - by genesis
    I installed Ubuntu 10.04 once again and I'm having some problems which I had before, but I have no idea how I solved them. On Windows, everything's working fine and I had no problems with this. My problem is that sometimes, when browsing through the internet, webpages just start to load really slow, sometimes it doesn't load anything at all (Error 118 (net::ERR_CONNECTION_TIMED_OUT): The operation timed out.) and it starts to work after few minutes. My IPv4 settings are automatic (DHCP), and IPv6 settings are Ignored/Disabled. I think my previous problems had something to do with IPv6, but I'm not sure. Is there a fix for this? iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"Fsite1" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.442 GHz Access Point: C8:3A:35:40:43:68 Bit Rate=0 kb/s Tx-Power=20 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:on Link Quality=43/70 Signal level=-67 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0

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  • Reporting Solution in PHP / CodeIgniter - Server side logic vs client side

    - by dot
    I'm building a report for an end user. They would like to see a list of all widgets... but then also like to see widgets with missing attributes, like missing names, or missing size. So i was thinking of creating one method that returns json data containing all widgets... and then using javascript to let them filter the data for missing data, instead of requerying the database. Ultimately, they need to be able to save all "reports" (filtered versions of data) inside a csv file. These are the two options I'm mulling over: Design 1 Create 3 separate methods in my controller/model like: get_all_data() get_records_with_missing_names() get_records_with_missing_size() And then when these methods are called, I would display the data on screen and give them a button to save to csv file. Design 2 Create one method called get_all_data() and then somehow, give them tools in the view to filter the json data using tables etc... and then letting them save subsets of the data. The reality is, in order to display all data, I still need to massage the data, and therefore, I know which records are missing attributes. So i'd rather not create separate methods by each filter. I'm not sure how I would do that just yet but at this point, i would like to know some pros/cons of each method. Thanks.

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  • Worker processes not starting in IIS 7.5. What should I check?

    - by locster
    I have a Windows 7 machine (Windows version 6.1.7601 SP1 Build 7601) with IIS installed. At some point the installation appears to have become 'corrupted' in some way, as any requests are now met with the message: Service Unavailable HTTP Error 503. The service is unavailable. In IIS manager IIS is started and the app pool I am using reports itself as 'Started', yet there is no w3wp.exe process listed in the process list in task manager (I am a local admin and have clicked the 'Show processes from all users' button. I have enabled logging for the web site (at default location of %SystemDrive%\inetpub\logs\LogFiles), but this folder is empty. I am assuming that this log output is written by w3wp.exe as it handles requests (no w3wp.exe, no log file?). Presumably there is another layer of request handling that is responsible for starting the worker processes, does thsi layer have log files I can check, and/or can I uninstall/re-install that layer? Thanks.

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  • Reformatting and version control

    - by l0b0
    Code formatting matters. Even indentation matters. And consistency is more important than minor improvements. But projects usually don't have a clear, complete, verifiable and enforced style guide from day 1, and major improvements may arrive any day. Maybe you find that SELECT id, name, address FROM persons JOIN addresses ON persons.id = addresses.person_id; could be better written as / is better written than SELECT persons.id, persons.name, addresses.address FROM persons JOIN addresses ON persons.id = addresses.person_id; while working on adding more columns to the query. Maybe this is the most complex of all four queries in your code, or a trivial query among thousands. No matter how difficult the transition, you decide it's worth it. But how do you track code changes across major formatting changes? You could just give up and say "this is the point where we start again", or you could reformat all queries in the entire repository history. If you're using a distributed version control system like Git you can revert to the first commit ever, and reformat your way from there to the current state. But it's a lot of work, and everyone else would have to pause work (or be prepared for the mother of all merges) while it's going on. Is there a better way to change history which gives the best of all results: Same style in all commits Minimal merge work ? To clarify, this is not about best practices when starting the project, but rather what should be done when a large refactoring has been deemed a Good Thing™ but you still want a traceable history? Never rewriting history is great if it's the only way to ensure that your versions always work the same, but what about the developer benefits of a clean rewrite? Especially if you have ways (tests, syntax definitions or an identical binary after compilation) to ensure that the rewritten version works exactly the same way as the original?

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  • DNS security (hijacking?)

    - by Jongsma
    I am hosting my website on Linode and am also using their DNS/naming servers. (ns1.linode.com etc.) It occurred to me that I never have had to authenticate that the domain is mine when I added it to the domain to the DNS manager, or at any other point. I now wonder whether it would be possible for other Linode users to 'hijack' my domain by simply adding the same domain zone and pointing it to their own server. I wouldn't know how Linode could determine which are the real/authentic records. How can I be sure this doesn't happen?

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  • How would you diagnose an integrated network card that doesn't show up on the device list?

    - by Tomer Gabel
    I've been setting up a server based around a Gigabyte GA-G33M-DS2R motherboard (G33, PCH9R with integrated Realtek 811B network device. I've enabled it in the BIOS, but it doesn't show up in the pre-boot PCI device list, isn't recognized by Windows (even after installing the chipset and networking drivers) and doesn't even show up via lspci. I've tried cycling power, disabling, cycling again, enabling, cycling again etc. to no avail. I'm sort of at a loss at this point; the board isn't under warranty anymore, but I'd rather not have to replace it. Any advice would be greatly appreciated...

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  • Two different page numbers in Word 2007 (one starting at 1, the other at VI)

    - by user1251007
    I have a document (docA) with arabic page numbers in the header. Now docA is part of a thesis which has roman numbers in the footer. So I want to add roman page numbers to docA. This is no problem. But now I want to adjust the numbering of the roman numbers (as the thesis has lets say five pages). This is what I want: arabic page numbers in the header, starting at 1 roman page numbers in the footer, starting at VI I tried this: I choosed 'Page Number', 'Page Number Format' and tried to adjust the starting point. However, this changes both page numbers. How is it possible to have different numbering in the header and in the footer?

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  • The Start of a Blog

    - by dbradley
    So, here's my new blog up and running, who am I and what am I planning to write here?First off - here's a little about me:I'm a recent graduate from university (coming up to a year ago since I finished) studying Software Engineering on a four year course where the third year was an industrial placement. During the industrial placement I went to work for a company called Adfero in a "Technical Consultant" role as well as a junior "Information Systems Developer". Once I completed my placement I went back to complete my final year but also continued in my developer role 2/3 days a week with the company.Working part time while at uni always seems like a great idea until you get half way through the year. For me the problem was not so much having a lack of time, but rather a lack of interest in the course content having got a chance at working on real projects in a live environment. Most people who have been graduated a little while also find this - when looking back at uni work, it seem to be much more trivial from a problem solving point of view which I found to be true and I found key to uni work to actually be your ability to prove though how you talk about something that you comprehensively understand the basics.After completing uni I then returned full time to Adfero purely in the developer role which is where I've now been for almost a year and have now also taken on the title of "Information Systems Architect" where I'm working on some of the more high level design problems within the products.What I'm wanting to share on this blog is some of the interesting things I've learnt myself over the last year, the things they don't teach you in uni and pretty much anything else I find interesting! My personal favorite areas are text indexing, search and particularly good software engineering design - good design combined with good code makes the first step towards a well-written, maintainable piece of software.Hopefully I'll also be able to share a few of the products I've worked on, the mistake I've made and the software problems I've inherited from previous developers and had to heavily re-factor.

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  • Getting link to abstract indexed in Google Scholar

    - by JordanReiter
    We have a large digital library with thousands of papers indexed in Google Scholar. We allow Google Scholar to index our PDFs but they're blocked unless you have a subscription. So Google has full-text indexing/searching of our PDFs (great!) but then the links point just to those PDFs (boo!) instead of the more helpful abstract pages. Does anyone know what could cause an issue like this? I am, to the best of my knowledge, following all of the guidelines laid out in their Inclusion Guidelines. Here's some example meta data: <meta name="citation_title" content="Sample Title"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="LastName, FirstName"/> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2012/06/26"/> <meta name="citation_volume" content="1"/> <meta name="citation_issue" content="1"/> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="10"/> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="20"/> <meta name="citation_conference_title" content="Name of the Conference"/> <meta name="citation_isbn" content="1-234567-89-X"/> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="http://www.example.org/p/1234/proceeding_1234.pdf"/> <meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="http://www.example.org/f/1234/"/> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="http://www.example.org/p/1234/"/> <link rel="canonical" href="http://www.example.org/p/1234/" /> example.org/p/1234 is the abstract page for the article; example.org/f/1234 is the fulltext link accessible to subscribers only (and to Google Scholar). example.org/p/1234/proceeding_1234.pdf is the fulltext PDF link.

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  • How do sites avoid SEO issues / legalities with subdomain unique ids?

    - by JM4
    I was looking through a few websites recently and noticed a trend I'm not sure I understand. Sites are creating unique referral URLs for customers in the form of: http://customname.site.com (If somebody were to use http://www.site.com/customname it would function the same way). I can see the sites are using 302 redirects at some point using Google Chrome then doing some sort of htaccess redirect, taking the subdomain name (customname) and applying it as a referral parameter then keeping in session during the entire process. However, there must be thousands of these custom URLs that people are typing in. How are each one of these "subdomains" not treated as separate URLs which in turn are redirected to the same page (in short, generating tons of links all pointing to the same page which Google would normally frown upon)? Additionally, the links also appear on the site themselves as clickable links so I'm not sure how these are not tracked. Similarly, the "unique" url is not indexed or cached in any Google search results. How is this capability handled? It does NOT highlight the referral aspect, but a true example of this is visiting http://sfgiants.com which does a 302 redirect to the much longer proper San Francisco Giants MLB homepage. I am wondering how SFgiants.com is not indexed (assuming that direct shortened link appears on several MLB pages)? 1 - I know these are 302 redirects, I can see this on the sites network flow. 2 - These links do in fact appear on the page itself because in some areas (for example, the bottom of the page may say: send this page to a friend! http://name.site.com/ which in turn would again redirect to something like http://www.site.com?id=name so the id value could be stored in session

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  • Setting up nameserver / DNS with IIS 7 / Windows Server 2008

    - by Mike
    I recently set up my own server; I've got my fixed IP working perfectly publicly. I've got 5 domains that I want pointed at this server. I'm completely lost on what to do: I was told I need to set up a DNS / nameserver on the server via IIS7 / Windows DNS, because I want to host the domains on the server (domains via godaddy). Can anyone help on what to do? Where do I point the domains, what do I set in the DNS? I've searched and searched, and found no tutorials that worked. Thanks!

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  • Computer Locks Up Completely When Resuming From Standby

    - by kcoppock
    Okay, so I'm having a strange issue lately with my desktop, and off the top of my head I'm not sure what the problem is, so I'm hoping for some ideas on how to track down the cause. First, my PC: AMD Phenom 9600 Quad-Core 2.4 GHz 4 GB DDR2 160 GB boot HDD 1 TB & 120 GB secondary HDD Nvidia GeForce 8600 GTS Windows 7 Professional 64-bit I have my power settings as follows: Turn off the display: 10 minutes Turn off hard disk: 20 minutes Sleep after: Never After a while, I'll come back to use my computer again, wiggle the mouse, and the screen comes back on like normal, but the desktop is unresponsive. I can move the cursor, but nothing responds to clicks or keyboard entry. If I click a few times with the mouse, the computer eventually locks up completely and the mouse cursor stops moving as well. After I restart, everything works just fine. Is there a log you recommend checking or really any suggestions would be welcome at this point. Thanks!

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  • Save a single web page (with background images) with Wget

    - by mikael
    I want to use Wget to save single web pages (not recursively, not whole sites) for reference. Much like Firefox's "Web Page, complete". My first problem is: I can't get Wget to save background images specified in the CSS. Even if it did save the background image files I don't think --convert-links would convert the background-image URLs in the CSS file to point to the locally saved background images. Firefox has the same problem. My second problem is: If there are images on the page I want to save that are hosted on another server (like ads) these wont be included. --span-hosts doesn't seem to solve that problem with the line below. I'm using: wget --no-parent --timestamping --convert-links --page-requisites --no-directories --no-host-directories -erobots=off http://domain.tld/webpage.html

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  • Windows 8.1 backlight turns off

    - by tenhouse
    This is one of the strangest things I have ever seen. I have an HP Elitebook 8460p and recently updated my Windows 8 to Windows 8.1. Now when I have certain windows open and focused (it's always different, sometimes it's chrome, sometimes it's the control-panel and so on, there is no clear pattern) the backlight of the screen is completely turned off - when I take a torch and point it to the screen or hold it to a bright-light source I can see there is still a picture there you can even work (or better said you cuold if you'd see anything). When I tab to certain other windows the screen goes back to normal back light - I can then tab back to the other window and the backlight will be turned off again. I have no idea what's going on and also no idea what information you need. The display-adapter I got is the AMD Radeon HD 6400M - I tried updating to the newest driver but that didn't help. Here's a video of the whole thing: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kIV_Q8uayUA

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  • Acer S3 SSD and HD Deleted partitions?

    - by user207784
    I'm new to Linux and Ubuntu, and I think I have a problem. I have an Acer Aspire S3 with 20GB SSD and 320GB HD. I installed Ubuntu 12.04 64bit on it today, and when it asked about partitions, without knowing better, I erased the partitions. There is some information at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AspireS3 about using the SSD and HD efficiently, but since I deleted the partitions, I don't know what to do. How can I recreate the partitions mentioned in the above link so that I can take advantage of having SSD and HD? I installed GParted, but I don't know what I should do now, and I don't want to screw things up further. I greatly appreciate any help that can be offered me. EDIT: I was playing with GParted, and I just realized that I can see dev/sda and dev/sdb, so perhaps I didn't do something horrible to my partitions. I am also sorry for asking such (dumb?) questions. At this point, is there a way to tell whether I have actually screwed up my partitions? Thanks, Joe

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  • Word 2007 "Out of Memory or Disk Space" Error on launch.

    - by Adam
    Word 2007 is installed on a Vista Home Premium machine and whenever it starts up it opens what appears to be a dynamic installer to do something and then throws up the "Out of Memory or Disk Space" error. Word 2007 never completes starting up. Reinstalling Word hasn't helped and if I can avoid reinstalling Windows until Windows 7 is released and get Word working in the mean time, that would be ideal. I've been looking around for a solution, once of which seemed to point to a problem with the user account. I created a second user on the machine and Word still had the same problem. The other solution that seems possible is a corrupted normal.dot/normal.dotm file. However, even in the location it should be, I can't seem to find it. Am I going in the right direction with this? Is there another solution I haven't come across that will fix this? If it is possible that renaming normal.dot/normal.dotm how can I find it?

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  • Building a List of All SharePoint Timer Jobs Programmatically in C#

    - by Damon Armstrong
    One of the most frustrating things about SharePoint is that the difficulty in figuring something out is inversely proportional to the simplicity of what you are trying to accomplish.  Case in point, yesterday I wanted to get a list of all the timer jobs in SharePoint.  Having never done this nor having any idea of exactly how to do this right off the top of my head, I inquired to Google.  I like to think my Google-fu is fair to good, so I normally find exactly what I’m looking for in the first hit.  But on the topic of listing all SharePoint timer jobs all it came up with a PowerShell script command (Get-SPTimerJob) and nothing more. Refined search after refined search continued to turn up nothing. So apparently I am the only person on the planet who needs to get a list of the timer jobs in C#.  In case you are the second person on the planet who needs to do this, the code to do so follows: SPSecurity.RunWithElevatedPrivileges(() => {    var timerJobs = new List();    foreach (var job in SPAdministrationWebApplication.Local.JobDefinitions)    {       timerJobs.Add(job);    }    foreach (SPService curService in SPFarm.Local.Services)    {       foreach (var job in curService.JobDefinitions)       {          timerJobs.Add(job);       }     } }); For reference, you have the two for loops because the Central Admin web application doesn’t end up being in the SPFarm.Local.Services group, so you have to get it manually from the SPAdministrationWebApplication.Local reference.

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  • SEO strategy for h1, h2, h3 tags for list of items

    - by Theo G
    On a page on my website page I have a list of ALL the products on my site. This list is growing rapidly and I am wondering how to manage it from an SEO point of view. I am shortly adding a title to this section and giving it an H1 tag. Currently the name of each product in this list is not h1,2,3,4 its just styled text. However I was looking to make these h2,3,4. Questions: Is the use of h2,3,4 on these list items bad form as they should be used for content rather than all links? I am thinking of limiting this main list to only 8 items and using h2 tags for each name. Do you this this will have a negative or possible affect over all. I may create a piece of script which counts the first 8 items on the list. These 8 will get the h2, and any after that will get h3 (all styled the same). If I do add h tags should I put just on the name of the product or the outside of the a tag, therefore collecting all info. Has anyone been in a similar situation as this, and if so did they really see any significant difference?

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  • have list of emails to be deleted from sheet A col D [on hold]

    - by Peta
    Thank you for your comments guys & now that CharlieRB has suggested "Match entire cell contents" I'll give it a better go. No I do not expect people to do my work for me & I'm sorry if it came over that way - just didn't know where to start. Would love some help please, I've limited VBA & function knowledge & I'm not sure where to start. If someone can point me in the right direction it would be appreciated. I have a list of email addresses on sheet "B" col A (but I could put them on sheet A if it would make it easier / faster) that I want deleted from sheet "A" col D (may be 2 or more occurences of the same email). I can't just record a find & delete macro and edit because for example [email protected] will also pick up [email protected] which I may not want deleted. thanks very much Peta

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  • netmask: command not found

    - by Ian R.
    I purchased a new server with a few ip's so I modified the /etc/network/interfaces file recently so that my ip's can go live. While editing that file I created a backup and deleted the original file. I recreated the interfaces file using the touch command and gave +x permissions but now, when trying to restart the interface (/etc/network/interfaces restart) I get all sorts of errors: /etc/network/interfaces: line 10: iface: command not found /etc/network/interfaces: line 11: address: command not found /etc/network/interfaces: line 12: netmask: command not found /etc/network/interfaces: line 13: auto: command not found Can any1 point what I forgot to do? Thanks.

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  • Acer Aspire 5542G overheating with ubuntu/kubuntu 12.04

    - by james
    I have an Acer Aspire 5542G laptop purchased couple of years ago. All these days, i used windows 7 on it . Then I tried ubuntu 12.04 . Everything was fine except the overheating issue. I updated ubuntu with all security fixes and available updates but nothing solved the problem. With idle use like internet browsing, the cpu fan speeds up a lot and i can feel very hot air coming from the vent (comparable to playing serious 3d game in windows). But it will not go to a point of freeze and shutdown. But as long as im using it, with no intensive tasks at all, the laptop stays too hot. This wasn't the case with windows7. In windows 7 the fan will not rotate at all with normal use. I heard there was manufacturing defect with some acer laptops, but i think it wasn't the case with my laptop since windows7 runs perfectly. I updated the bios to latest version. I cleaned dust in the vents. I tried kubuntu 12.04 up-to-date. Nothing solved the issue. My laptop specs are: CPU : AMD turion2 x2 M500 @ 2.2GHz GPU : AMD Mobility Radeon HD4570 3GB RAM and 320GB hard disk.

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  • Unsure about TRIM enabled on my SSD

    - by user84750
    I have a SSD OCZ Vertex4 installed on my laptop. I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I have enable TRIM by adding "discard" to my fstab file. (also added option noatime). I rebooted my Ubuntu and followed These instructions here to test TRIM. The end results of my tempfile was all ffff's, when it should have read all zero's, which is telling me TRIM is not really working or enabled correctly. Did I miss something? Also, will it be a problem if only my /home directory is encrypted. AND if you ask why I have swap on my SSD, it's because I let Ubuntu set up my partition. When I have my SSD, I just wanted to install Ubuntu as fast as possible. =) I've done testing to see at which point it will start to use swap and it took a lot of applications open to finally use swap. I currently have 4 GB of memory. I might shrink this to like 512 MB or 1 GB the most. Here's some info about my file system setup. sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda1 | grep "TRIM supported" Data Set Management TRIM supported (limit 16 blocks) sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 242016255 121007104 83 Linux /dev/sda2 242018302 250068991 4025345 5 Extended /dev/sda5 242018304 250068991 4025344 82 Linux swap / Solaris ls /dev/mapper control cryptswap1

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  • Unable to debug an encodded javascript?

    - by miles away
    I’m having some problems debugging an encoded javacscript. This script I’m referring to given in this link over here. The encoding here is simple and it works by shifting the unicodes values to whatever Codekey was use during encoding. The code that does the decoding is given here in plain English below:- <script language="javascript"> function dF(s){ var s1=unescape(s.substr(0,s.length-1)); var t=''; for(i=0;i<s1.length;i++)t+=String.fromCharCode(s1.charCodeAt(i)-s.substr(s.length-1,1)); document.write(unescape(t)); } </script> I’m interested in knowing or understanding the values (e.g s1,t). Like for example when the value of i=0 what values would the following attributes / method would hold s1.charCodeAt(i) and s.substr(s.length-1,1) The reason I’m doing this is to understand as to how a CodeKey function really works. I don’t see anything in the code above which tells it to decode on the basis of codekey value. The only thing I can point in the encoding text is the last character which is set to 1 , 2 ,3 or 4 depending upon the codekey selected during encoding process. One can verify using the link I have given above. However, to debug, I’m using firebug addon with the script running as localhost on my wamp server. I’m able to put a breakpoint on the js using firebug but I’m unable to retrieve any of the user defined parameters or functions I mentioned above. I want to know under this context what would be best way to debug this encoded js.

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  • How do functional languages handle a mocking situation when using Interface based design?

    - by Programmin Tool
    Typically in C# I use dependency injection to help with mocking; public void UserService { public UserService(IUserQuery userQuery, IUserCommunicator userCommunicator, IUserValidator userValidator) { UserQuery = userQuery; UserValidator = userValidator; UserCommunicator = userCommunicator; } ... public UserResponseModel UpdateAUserName(int userId, string userName) { var result = UserValidator.ValidateUserName(userName) if(result.Success) { var user = UserQuery.GetUserById(userId); if(user == null) { throw new ArgumentException(); user.UserName = userName; UserCommunicator.UpdateUser(user); } } ... } ... } public class WhenGettingAUser { public void AndTheUserDoesNotExistThrowAnException() { var userQuery = Substitute.For<IUserQuery>(); userQuery.GetUserById(Arg.Any<int>).Returns(null); var userService = new UserService(userQuery); AssertionExtensions.ShouldThrow<ArgumentException>(() => userService.GetUserById(-121)); } } Now in something like F#: if I don't go down the hybrid path, how would I test workflow situations like above that normally would touch the persistence layer without using Interfaces/Mocks? I realize that every step above would be tested on its own and would be kept as atomic as possible. Problem is that at some point they all have to be called in line, and I'll want to make sure everything is called correctly.

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