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• Toolkit & Habits for Linux Network & System Administration [closed]

  - by slashmais

  I am tasked with the administration of a small office network as well as several workstations running mostly Debian and Ubuntu. There are two servers: one database & print-server, and one backup & file server. Being relatively new to this side of things, knowing enough to help myself to some degree on Linux, I would like to know what software tools and tasks/habits I can use/acquire to learn this field and be effective while doings so. I don't need to know what is the best, just what a newbie sys-admin can use as a starter-pack to learn and use as a base to grow into proper system administration. [edit] What I need is those few basic tools to start with, and the kind of things I need to do regularly, e.g.: which logs to check, when & what to monitor, the kind of 'right' place to start and to which I can ad as I need.

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• A keyboard shortcut from a sequence of keystrokes for Linux

  - by Little Bobby Tables

  I am looking for a way to define an Emacs-style keys sequence as a keyboard shortcut in Linux - Specifically, in Gnome, but more general solutions are also acceptable. For example, I would like a sequence like "Alt-w t" (that is, first press Alt-w and then t) to open a terminal, "Alt-w c" to close a window, and so on. The rationale behind this question is twofold: Make more use of desktop-wide keyboard shortcuts Make an old keyboard, that has no Win key, usable with desktop-wide keyboard shortcuts, without causing too many collisions with application - Specifically with Emacs. Thanks!

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• Backup a linux webserver to windows

  - by shaiss

  I have our websites hosted at a thrid party webserver. I have all the admin access needed. I have a local Win2K3 machine that's using retrospect to backup all the networked machines and server, navicat to backup the mysql dbs locally and on the remote linux webserver. So the only part that remains is incremental backups of the files on the webserver. Anyone have any suggestions on how to do this? rSync with deltacopy? Any others?

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• Compress, encrypt and upload a directory to an FTP server in Linux

  - by Kristoffer L

  I want to accomplish something rather simple (at least it would seem to be): Compress a directory Encrypt the compressed file Upload the compressed & encrypted file via FTP I also want to accomplish this in an automated fashion on Linux server. TrueCrypt is not really an option in this case as it seems it can't compress a single file. Instead you have to make a volume that you mount and move the files into. This question answers how to do the the upload and I know how to compress a directory. It is just the encryption that's giving me problems.

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• Can't make updates with LDAP from Linux box to Windows AD

  - by amburnside

  I have a webapp (built using Zend Framework - PHP) that runs on a Linux environment which needs to authenticate against Active Directory on a Windows server. So far my webapp can authenticate with LDAPS, but cannot perform any kind of write operation (add/update/delete). It can only read. I have configured my server as follows: I have exported the CA Certificate from my Windows AD server to /etc/opendldap/certs I have created a pem file based on this certificate using openssl I have update /etc/openldap/ldap.conf so that it knows where to look for the pem certificate: TLS_CACERT /etc/openldap/certs/xyz.internal.pem When I run my script, I get the following error: 0x35 (Server is unwilling to perform; 0000209A: SvcErr: DSID-031A1021, problem 5003 (WILL_NOT_PERFORM), data 0 ): Have I missed something with my configuration, which is causing the server to reject making updates to AD?

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• Targus USB-to-RS232 not working with Linux?

  - by Ethan Leroy

  I have the Targus PA088 USB to RS232 converter, but it seems that it does not work with linux. Its RX and TX lights are flashing, but I can't see the data in minicom/picocom. When using it with Windows and hterm, everything's fine. Any idea what could be the problem? Additional info: When I plug in the adapter, I can see the following messages in /var/log/messages.log Nov 25 01:47:31 localhost kernel: [ 831.787066] usb 2-1.1: new full speed USB device number 5 using ehci_hcd Nov 25 01:47:32 localhost kernel: [ 832.554810] mct_u232 2-1.1:1.0: MCT U232 converter detected Nov 25 01:47:32 localhost kernel: [ 832.555002] usb 2-1.1: MCT U232 converter now attached to ttyUSB0 Nov 25 01:47:32 localhost mtp-probe: checking bus 2, device 5: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.1" Nov 25 01:47:32 localhost mtp-probe: bus: 2, device: 5 was not an MTP device

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• installing linux on a mac

  - by Ahmet vardar

  Hi, i have mac pro and i wanted to install debian on it but i guess i have problem now. i have windows 7 installed on bootcamp partition, before i started installing linux, i created a partition size of 75 gb then i restarted mac and boot it from debian dvd. then i divided that 75 gb to 2 partitions, one is 600 mb freespace other is ext3 formatted. i installed debian (but it just used 1 dvd even though i got 5 dvd downloaded) then mac restarted. but now i cannot even see windows on bootlist. it just let me boot in mac os x now. how can i fix this? thanks

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• vnc connection from linux to windows ce

  - by JosiP

  Im having troubles while im trying to connect from linux to Windows CE, via VNC viewer. Here is what i can see on log: /usr/bin/vncviewer 10.1.1.57 VNC Viewer Free Edition 4.1.2 for X - built Apr 20 2011 12:04:25 Copyright (C) 2002-2005 RealVNC Ltd. See http://www.realvnc.com for information on VNC. Tue Jul 2 12:15:04 2013 CConn: connected to host 10.1.1.57 port 5900 CConnection: Server supports RFB protocol version 3.5 CConnection: Using RFB protocol version 3.3 TXImage: Using default colormap and visual, TrueColor, depth 24. CConn: Using pixel format depth 6 (8bpp) rgb222 CConn: Using ZRLE encoding I cannot see anything - only black screen. Restarting device does not help. Device is connected directly to machine by crossed ethernet cable, and its IP is assigned by DHCP. Any clues, ideas, what can i do to get normal view ? best regards J.

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• After logging out of SSH, screen sessions disappear on Arch Linux

  - by Ivan

  On Arch Linux (I'm on a single dedicated server, where my domain name points to only one IP), when I SSH into a user (say, for example, user mc), and then do screen -S test (or -dmS, the resulting issue is the same), run a command, and then detach from it, then exit out of my SSH session, and log back in, the screen session disappears. screen -ls returns No Sockets found in /run/screens/S-mc. The only way I can reattach to my sessions is if I never logged out of my SSH. How do I fix this? I do have read/write access in /run/screens/S-mc I detach from screen sessions with Ctrl-A,D disown -a && exit gives me the same problem shopt huponexit returns "huponexit off" There is no ~/.logout, and ~/.bash_logout is empty, with 3 lines of comments, telling me it's the ~/.bash_logout file ls -l /usr/bin | grep screen returns lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Oct 31 2012 screen -> screen-4.0.3 -rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 363672 Oct 31 2012 screen-4.0.3

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• Linux software raid robustness for raid1 vs other raid levels

  - by Waxhead

  I have a raid5 running and now also a raid1 that I set up yesterday. Since raid5 calculates parity it should be able to catch silent data corruption on one disk. However for raid1 the disks are just mirrors. The more I think about it I figure that raid1 is actually quite risky. Sure it will save me from a disk failure but i might not be as good when it comes to protecting the data on disk (who is actually more important for me). How does Linux software raid actually store raid1 type data on disk? How does it know what spindle is giving corrupt data (if the disk(subsystem) is not reporting any errors) If raid1 really is not giving me data protection but rather disk protection is there some tricks I can do with mdadm to create a two disk "raid5 like" setup? e.g. loose capacity but still keep redundancy also for data!?

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• Determine logged on user on Windows computer from Linux

  - by Justin

  How can I determine who is logged on to a remote Windows XP computer from Linux? I do not have administrator access on the domain or on the remote computer. I can do it from a separate Windows computer using PsLoggedOn -L \\computer from PsTools I've tried using nmblookup -A remotecomputer, but I only see entries for the computer and the domain, not a <03> entry for the user. I've also tried running PsLoggedOn under wine; I get an error: Connecting to Registry of \\computer.company.com... fixme:reg:RegConnectRegistryW Connect to L"computer.company.com" is not supported. I started looking into winexe, but it looks like I would need administrative rights on the remote computer to get it working.

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• How to stop a Linux LVM volume group?

  - by thkala

  I am currently dealing with a multiple disk failure on a Linux LVM Volume Group that is backed up by a RAID-5 md device. One disk has been taken out completely and another one is showing a limited number of corrupt sectors, due to what seems to have been a misbehaving power supply. The problem is that once an I/O error hits, md takes the array down, since it does not have enough devices for it to be operational. Where md the only one involved, I could mdadm --stop the array and then recreate it to get all devices active again. Unfortunately, the array is a PV in an LVM volume group and I cannot seem to get the kernel to release it. vgchange -an does not seem to do anything, bar spew out a couple of I/O errors. I am obviously missing something, but how in the name of -insert-favorite-deity- do I get LVM to release the underlying PV without rebooting the server?

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• Linux stretch cluster: MD replication, DRBD or Veritas?

  - by PieterB

  For the moment there's a lot of choices for setting up a Linux cluster. For cluster manager: you can use Red Hat Cluster manager, Pacemaker or Veritas Cluster Server. The first one has the most momentum, the second one comes by default with RH subscriptions and the last one is very expensive and has a very good reputation ;-) For storage: - You can replicate LUN's using software raid / md device - You can use the network using DRBD replication, which offers a bit more flexibility - You can use Veritas Storage Foundation technology to talk to your SANs replication technology. Anyone has any recommandations or experience with these technologies?

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• Linking to lua libraries w/ codeblocks on linux

  - by person

  After I downloaded the source for lua, I followed the install instructions, doing... make linux install make generic install I've also done the make test and it passes, printing out Hello World, from Lua 5.1. However, I can't link to the lua libraries in CodeBlocks. I know where lualib.a is (usr/local/lib) which I set in my Search Directories for the linker. I still get error messages like... undefined reference to lua_isstring Am I missing something critical here? P.S. I had this running on Windows via Visual Studio.

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• How to document linux server configuration?

  - by Margaret Thorpe

  Hi, I have about 20 linux servers which I need to document the configuration of. I do not mean the detailed configuration of services, but rather user accounts, databases, databases accounts, ip addresses, physical location, SSH port etc. etc. I know all this data is stored in config files, but I want to centralize it all. I am considering just creating a spreadsheet to record this data, but was wondering if there is something better (perhaps a small php/mysql app) which would be more structured and complete than a hacked together spreadsheet. What do you use?

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• VAIO as a Linux based netbook

  - by Noufal Ibrahim

  I'm planning to refresh my laptop. I've been using a thinkpad T42 for a long time and run Ubuntu on it. I'm planning to move to using a desktop for all my heavy work and getting a very light netbook style machine for mobile use. I need a decent keyboard, good battery life and a display that's bright and responsive. I'm evaluating a couple of laptops including a mac but have never come across information about a Sony Vaio. Do any of the people have experience with the laptop? What are your opinions? Does it work fine with Linux? Is it tinkerable (a big problem with the macbooks). How's the build quality, how's the service?

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• Password manager solution: Symbian based phone and a Linux machine (Windows is not important, but wo

  - by Kent

  Hi, I currently use KeePassX to manage my passwords on my Linux (Xubuntu) machine. It's nice to have all the passwords encrypted, but sometimes I'd like to be able to tell a password when I'm on the run. Therefore I'm looking for a solution which I can synchronize with my phone. I have a Nokia N82 which is a Symbian OS v9.2 based phone for the S60 3rd Edition platform with Feature Pack 1. I like an open source solution if it's possible. In case it isn't I wouldn't mind paying for a good solution. If Windows may be added to the synchronization mix it's nice, but it's absolutely not a primary requirement (I don't even have any computer running Windows).

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• Linux stretch cluster: MD replication, DRBD or Veritas?

  - by PieterB

  For the moment there's a lot of choices for setting up a Linux cluster. For cluster manager: you can use Red Hat Cluster manager, Pacemaker or Veritas Cluster Server. The first one has the most momentum, the second one comes by default with RH subscriptions and the last one is very expensive and has a very good reputation ;-) For storage: - You can replicate LUN's using software raid / md device - You can use the network using DRBD replication, which offers a bit more flexibility - You can use Veritas Storage Foundation technology to talk to your SANs replication technology. Anyone has any recommandations or experience with these technologies?

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• Simulating a low-bandwidth, high-latency network connection on Linux

  - by Justin L.

  I'd like to simulate a high-latency, low-bandwidth network connection on my Linux machine. Limiting bandwidth has been discussed before, e.g. here, but I can't find any posts which address limiting both bandwidth and latency. I can get either high latency or low bandwidth using tc. But I haven't been able to combine these into a single connection. In particular, the example rate control script here doesn't work for me: # tc qdisc add dev lo root handle 1:0 netem delay 100ms # tc qdisc add dev lo parent 1:1 handle 10: tbf rate 256kbit buffer 1600 limit 3000 RTNETLINK answers: Operation not supported How can I create a low-bandwidth, high-latency connection, using tc or any other readily-available tool?

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• Understanding top output in Linux

  - by Rayne

  Hi, I'm trying to determine the CPU usage of a program by looking at the output from Top in Linux. I understand that %us means userspace and %sy means system/kernel etc. But say I see 100%us. Does this mean that the CPU is really only doing useful work? What if a CPU is tied up waiting for resources that are not avaliable, or cache misses, would it also show up in the %us column, or any other column? Thank you.

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• rpd over https using a linux client

  - by Nils

  My employer switched from vpn and rdp to using what our admin calls "rdp over https". Since that switch I find myself unable to connect to the "new" rdp server. I think the progress is as follows: A rdp gateway-server is connected via tls the requested sever (different from the gateway-server) is then connected through the tls connection. In windows mstsc-settings the server name is the "internal network name" of the machine I wish to connect. And on the last tab (in German it is called "leistung" - could be activity) I go to the "connection from everywhere" settings and set the gateway-server under gateway-server. Now: Is there any way to use this scenario under linux (apart from a virtual machine running Windows)? I am interested in free ideas (e.g. is it possible to create a tls tunnel and connect through that using freerdp/rdesktop?) non-free ideas. As long as they work I'll worry about the costs later. Free ideas would be better :-)

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• help setting up an IPSEC vpn from my linux box

  - by robthewolf

  I have an office with a router and a remote server (Linux - Ubuntu 10.10). Both locations need to connect to a data supplier through a VPN. The VPN is an IPSEC gateway. I was able to configure my Linksys rv42 router to create a VPN connection successfully and now I need to do the same for Linux server. I have been messing around with this for too long. First I tried OpenVPN, but that is SSL and not IPSEC. Then I tried Shrew. I think I have the settings correct but I haven't been able to create the connection. It maybe that I have to use something else like a direct IPSEC config or something like that. If someone knows of a way to turn the following settings that I have been given below into a working IPSEC VPN connection I would be very grateful. Here are the settings I was given that must be used to connect to my supplier: Local destination network: 192.168.4.0/24 Local destination hosts: 192.168.4.100 Remote destination network: 192.167.40.0/24 Remote destination hosts: 192.168.40.27 VPN peering point: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Then they have given me the following details: IPSEC/ISAKMP Phase 1 Parameters: Authentication method: pre shared secret Diffie Hellman group: group 2 Encryption Algorithm: 3DES Lifetime in seconds:28800 Phase 2 parameters: IPSEC security: ESP Encryption algortims: 3DES Authentication algorithms: MD5 lifetime in seconds: 28800 pfs: disabled Here are the settings from my attempt to use shrew: n:version:2 n:network-ike-port:500 n:network-mtu-size:1380 n:client-addr-auto:0 n:network-frag-size:540 n:network-dpd-enable:1 n:network-notify-enable:1 n:client-banner-enable:1 n:client-dns-used:1 b:auth-mutual-psk:YjJzN2QzdDhyN2EyZDNpNG42ZzQ= n:phase1-dhgroup:2 n:phase1-keylen:0 n:phase1-life-secs:28800 n:phase1-life-kbytes:0 n:vendor-chkpt-enable:0 n:phase2-keylen:0 n:phase2-pfsgroup:-1 n:phase2-life-secs:28800 n:phase2-life-kbytes:0 n:policy-nailed:0 n:policy-list-auto:1 n:client-dns-auto:1 n:network-natt-port:4500 n:network-natt-rate:15 s:client-dns-addr:0.0.0.0 s:client-dns-suffix: s:network-host:xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx s:client-auto-mode:pull s:client-iface:virtual s:client-ip-addr:192.168.4.0 s:client-ip-mask:255.255.255.0 s:network-natt-mode:enable s:network-frag-mode:disable s:auth-method:mutual-psk s:ident-client-type:address s:ident-client-data:192.168.4.0 s:ident-server-type:address s:ident-server-data:192.168.40.0 s:phase1-exchange:aggressive s:phase1-cipher:3des s:phase1-hash:md5 s:phase2-transform:3des s:phase2-hmac:md5 s:ipcomp-transform:disabled Finally here is the debug output from the shrew log: 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : ipc client process thread begin ... 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : peer config add message 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : peer added ( obj count = 1 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local address 217.xxx.xxx.xxx selected for peer 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : tunnel added ( obj count = 1 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : proposal config message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : proposal config message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : client config message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : local id '192.168.4.0' message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : remote id '192.168.40.0' message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : preshared key message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : peer tunnel enable message 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : new phase1 ( ISAKMP initiator ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : exchange type is aggressive 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : 217.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 <- 206.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : c1a8b31ac860995d:0000000000000000 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : phase1 added ( obj count = 1 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : security association payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : - proposal #1 payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : -- transform #1 payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : key exchange payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : nonce payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : identification payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports nat-t ( draft v00 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports nat-t ( draft v01 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports nat-t ( draft v02 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports nat-t ( draft v03 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports nat-t ( rfc ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports DPDv1 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local is SHREW SOFT compatible 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local is NETSCREEN compatible 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local is SIDEWINDER compatible 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local is CISCO UNITY compatible 10/12/22 17:22:18 = : cookies c1a8b31ac860995d:0000000000000000 10/12/22 17:22:18 = : message 00000000 10/12/22 17:22:18 - : send IKE packet 217.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 - 206.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 ( 484 bytes ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : phase1 resend event scheduled ( ref count = 2 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : opened tap device tap0 10/12/22 17:22:28 - : resend 1 phase1 packet(s) 217.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 - 206.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 10/12/22 17:22:38 - : resend 1 phase1 packet(s) 217.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 - 206.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 10/12/22 17:22:48 - : resend 1 phase1 packet(s) 217.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 - 206.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 10/12/22 17:22:58 ii : resend limit exceeded for phase1 exchange 10/12/22 17:22:58 ii : phase1 removal before expire time 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : phase1 deleted ( obj count = 0 ) 10/12/22 17:22:58 ii : closed tap device tap0 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : tunnel stats event canceled ( ref count = 1 ) 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : removing tunnel config references 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : removing tunnel phase2 references 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : removing tunnel phase1 references 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : tunnel deleted ( obj count = 0 ) 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : removing all peer tunnel refrences 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : peer deleted ( obj count = 0 ) 10/12/22 17:22:58 ii : ipc client process thread exit ...

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• Linux - use dhcp again to get IP

  - by Markus Orreilly

  I had statically set my ip in Linux using: sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.blah.blah Now I want it to go back to using DHCP to assign the IP. How do I do that? This is what I see when I run dhclient Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.1.2 Copyright 2004-2008 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/ Listening on LPF/eth0/08:00:27:9b:43:09 Sending on LPF/eth0/08:00:27:9b:43:09 Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.56.104 on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67

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• Free, Linux-based rescue CD for Windows machines

  - by Adam Matan

  Hi, Too often, I'm being called to help a friend who screwed a Windows machine by some creative methods. Th usual remedy is backing up the hard drive contents and reinstalling. Right now, this is done by removing the defected hard drive to my machine. I figured out that using a rescue disk running some version of Linux might ease the process. I'm looking for: NTFS access Partition tools Large variety of drivers (Network, Hard drives, etc.) GUI and some rescue wizards a great plus. Any ideas? Adam

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• How to install and Configure MTA on Linux [closed]

  - by Umair Mustafa

  I need to know which MTA's is better and simple to handle and configure in linux. As I need to run a script that will send me the output of that command whenever it will run using cron. Ok the case is this. Every day I have to manually check the Disk space of server which are more than 30 which is headache and have to document that. So I will simply add the follwing command DF- H and the output of this command should be send on my email. So now IF u got the story then tell me what MTA is better sendmail, postfix and some instructions on HOW TO INSTALL and CONFIGURE it. And after configuring the How do I add the DF -H so that it will start seniding me the output on my email. Thanks in advance.

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