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• How to revoke gnupg public key without private key?

  - by danijelc

  Long story short I have an key generated with seahorse and mistakenly deleted it from my system. I do remember passphrase but I don't have this key anywhere on my system. Scanned trough Ask Ubuntu but couldn't find any aplicabile solution on similar issue. However public key is still updated on keyring servers and I would like to revoke it. Since I have no revocation certificate and I can't get hold of private key (only public key is available from keyservers which I imported to seahorse) I have no idea how to accomplish it. Spent some time searching for solution acros net, various manuals and so on, but so far no luck. gpg --list-secret-keys - returns no output at all. gpg --list-keys - returns public key info gpg --gen-revoke *user-id* - returns - gpg: secret key *user-id* not found: eof gpg (GnuPG) version 1.4.11. Anyone able to suggest a solution?

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• Ask HTG: LAN-to-LAN Messaging in Windows 7, Multi-Monitor Full Screen Video, and Alternative File Copiers

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Once a week we roundup some of the answers we’ve sent out to reader questions and share them with everyone. This week we’re looking at inter-LAN messaging with Windows 7, multi-monitor full screen video, and alternative Windows file copiers. How to See What Web Sites Your Computer is Secretly Connecting To HTG Explains: When Do You Need to Update Your Drivers? How to Make the Kindle Fire Silk Browser *Actually* Fast!

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• How do I encrypt the source code on the webserver?

  - by Ashin k n

  I have a web application developed using Python, HTML, CSS & JavaScript. The customer installs it in any of their own Machine and uses it through their LAN. In short the customer sets up the webserver in any of their own machine. Since its a web application, all the source code is open for the customer in the document root directory of webserver. I want to encrypt the whole source code in the document root directory in such a way that it should not effect the working of the web application. Is there is any way to encrypt the Python, HTML, CSS & JavaScript for this purpose.

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• Auto-mount filesystems on boot fails (12.10)

  - by Joshua Pruitt

  I have a Compaq HP 8200 slim desktop running 12.10 with encrypted partitions (set up with the text-based installer). Everything's working fine, except... When I boot the computer, my /boot and /boot/efi directories refuse to mount automatically. I'm dropped to the root console, where I must enter 'mountall -v', and everything then continues on just fine. This was happening under 12.04. I've recently upgraded to 12.10, and the problem persists. Except now, in addition to /boot and /boot/efi not mounting, roughly 50% of the time /var will not be auto-mounted as well (and again, 'mountall -v' fixes allows me to boot and move on). I'm puzzled about this one. Running 'fsck' doesn't seem to do anything (the filesystems aren't damaged anyway). What can I try to solve this issue? Here's my /etc/fstab: http://paste.ubuntu.com/1338508/ Thanks in advance!!! Addendum: I have tried changing the entries in fstab from UUIDs to the actual devices, to no avail.

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• Swap is encrypted or not?

  - by Abhijit Navale

  I selected to encrypt home folder while install lubuntu 12.10 (64 bit) But after that 'sometimes' I get error that can not find /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 wait for mount or cancel at slpash screen. It then start the lubuntu without any problem. If i do sudo blkid | grep swap [sudo] password for abhijit: /dev/mapper/cryptswap1: UUID="fce3ef14-a9c6-45ac-81f5-18ff415851b0" TYPE="swap" That means swap is encrypted. But if i go to gparted it shows unknown partition with red exclamation mark for swap.

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• How do create an encrypted system with multiple Linux distributions?

  - by niels

  A few weeks ago I created a completely encrypted system on a notebook and must say I like the idea. It's a little bit annoying to enter the password on every boot, but it's nice to know even if I loose the computer I don't give my data to other people. With the alternate-cd it's easy to do. Now I have to setup a new system where I want to combine the new idea with my usual usage strategy. There I have more partitions: 3 system, Home, Different Data-Partitions for vm-data, photo-data and mp3-data. The background is that I prefer not to update a system. I prefer to install the new version parallel to the old system. So I can easily test it. Obviously the Data-Partitions are used for both systems. My questions is, how can I easily combine both my strategy and the crypto-approach? Or is it impossible. The way to do the crypted stuff by hand is in my eyes to complicated.

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• How to encrypt php folder under /var/www?

  - by sirchaos

  I need to encrypt the folder /var/www/test. The folder contains PHP files. The goal it to prevent any user to read the php content AND if the HD is mounted on another computer, the /var/www/test should be encrypted AND if computer booted up without any user logged I would like anyone to be able to access data in /var/www/tests. What is the correct approach for this? I've tried "ecryptfs-setup-private" as advised in How to encrypt /var/www? yet it didn't work for me. I've might missed something - I've tested the folders while booting with ubuntu 12.04 installation disk and mounted the drive, than I was able to access /var/www/test content.. yet this is what I want to prevent. The gnome-encfs isn't the way to go since its decryption happens when users logs on to the system & I would like the system to be working after power failure etc' without any one logged in. Please advice.

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• Mounting an encrypted partion Error

  - by indiajoe

  Using the disk utilities in ubuntu 11.04, i had encrypted a partition with a passphrase. Each time i used to click on the partition to mount, it used to ask me the passphrase and get mounted. All was fine, until i installed the 12.04. After the installation, this encrypted partition, disappeared from the menu. fdisk -l /dev/sda Shows the encrypted partition in the list /dev/sda7 298953648 488392064 94719208+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT I tried the following commands to mount it. But they all gave following errors $ sudo cryptsetup luksDump /dev/sda7 Device /dev/sda7 is not a valid LUKS device. $ ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase /dev/sda7 Passphrase: # i entered the correct passphrase here... Error: Unwrapping passphrase failed [-5] Info: Check the system log for more information from libecryptfs $ grep ecryptfs /var/log/syslog Oct 31 22:43:51 benny ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase: Error attempting to open [/dev/sda7] for reading Nov 1 01:28:02 benny ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase: Error attempting to open [/dev/sda7] for reading Nov 1 01:29:06 benny ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase: Error attempting to open [/dev/sda7] for reading I don't understand why I am getting the "Device /dev/sda7 is not a valid LUKS device." Could it be due to some corruption in partition table? Is there any way to recover this encrypted partition? Thanks indiajoe

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• Quickly compute added and removed lines

  - by Philippe Marschall

  I'm trying to compare two text files. I want to compute how many lines were added and removed. Basically what git diff --stat is doing. Bonus points for not having to store the entire file contents in memory. The approach I'm currently having in mind is: read each line of the old file compute a hash (probably MD5 or SHA-1) for each line store the hashes in a set do the same for each line in the new file every hash from the old file set that's missing in the new file set was removed every hash from the new file set that's missing in the old file set was added I'll probably want to exclude empty and all white space lines. There is a small issue with duplicated lines. This can either be solved by additionally storing how often a hash appears or comparing the number of lines in the old and new file and adjust either the added or removed lines so that the numbers add up. Do you see room for improvements or a better approach?

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• Encrypt folders out of Home

  - by igi

  Is there a way to encrypt a folder, which is not in /home but even in a different partition, so only my user can access/read contained files? Alternatively, I would like to understand if it is possible to turn a complete ext4 partition into an encrypted volume, which would be mounted at user login. If possible, I would like to make the change without reinstalling Ubuntu. My PC has (mount output): /dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) /dev/sda3 on /home type ext4 (rw) /dev/sda4 on /home/igor/Personale type ext4 (rw) sda4 is the partition containing folders I would like to protect. Thanks!

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• Ask the Readers: How Do You Browse Securely Away From Home?

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  When you’re browsing away from home, be it on your smartphone, tablet, or laptop, how do you keep your browsing sessions secure? This week we’re interested in hearing all about your mobile security tips and tricks. When you’re out and about you often, out of necessity or convenience, need to connect to open Wi-Fi hotspots and otherwise put your data out there in ways that you don’t when you’re at home. This week we want to hear about your tips, tricks, and applications for keeping your data secure and private when you’re away from your home network. Sound off in the comments with your tips and then check back on Friday for the What You Said roundup. HTG Explains: Why Linux Doesn’t Need Defragmenting How to Convert News Feeds to Ebooks with Calibre How To Customize Your Wallpaper with Google Image Searches, RSS Feeds, and More

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• Is it safer to use the same IV all times data are encrypted, or use a dynamic IV that is sent together the encrypted text? [closed]

  - by kiamlaluno

  When encrypting data that is then send to a server, is it better to always use the same IV, which is already known from the receiving server, or use a dynamic IV that is then sent to the receiving server? I am referring to the case the remote server receives data from another server, or from a client application, and executes operations on a database table, in the table row identified by the received data. Which of the following PHP snippets is preferable? $iv = mcrypt_create_iv(mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size($td), MCRYPT_RAND); $ks = mcrypt_enc_get_key_size($td); $key = substr(md5('very secret key'), 0, $ks); mcrypt_generic_init($td, $key, $iv); $encrypted = mcrypt_generic($td, 'This is very important data'); send_encripted_data(combine_iv_encrypted_text($iv, $encrypted)); $ks = mcrypt_enc_get_key_size($td); $key = substr(md5('very secret key'), 0, $ks); mcrypt_generic_init($td, $key, $iv); send_encripted_data(mcrypt_generic($td, 'This is very important data')); In which way is one of the snippets more vulnerable than the other one?

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• Order in which passphrase is asked for encrypted volumes

  - by Lars Kotthoff

  I have installed 12.10 on a machine with two disks. The root partition is on one disk, the swap partition on the other. Both disks are encrypted and I have added the corresponding entries to /etc/crypttab. During boot, it asks for the passphrase for the disk with the root filesystem. Then it continues booting and gets to the login screen before I get a chance to enter the passphrase for the other disk. After logging in, I verified that it was actually waiting for me to enter the passphrase for that second partition (askpass process is running). But at that point, I have no way of entering the passphrase anymore. The manpage for crypttab suggests that the order in which the volumes are specified matters, so I changed it to have the swap disk first. I updated the initramfs and grub afterwards, but it didn't make any difference. How can I specify the order in which the encrypted partitions are unlocked? I'm looking for a solution that either asks for the swap passphrase first or tells the system to wait until all encrypted partitions are unlocked before displaying the login screen.

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• Some files not copied when moving an encrypted home to a different partition

  - by Jon Herrin

  I have "successfully" moved my encrypted home to a separate partition using the instructions here: How can i move an encrypted home directory to another partition? However, some files are not being copied over. Most notably, I have a directory in my old home that contains the themes I use. This directory and it's contents are not copied over to the new home and therefore I come up with the default theme. Permissions on the directory that was not moved are identical to the other directories in home. Another discrepancy is that my Dropbox folder came over empty and had to resync itself. My concern is what else might be missing from the copied home. At this point, I've flipped back to the old home by re-editing /etc/fstab, but I'd really like to get /home cleanly and completely off of root without having to core the system.

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• Loss of privileges when enabeling auto log-in to encrypted home folder

  - by reav

  I use Ubuntu 11.10 with Gnome Shell and have an encrypted home folder. I enabled auto log-in through the system settings/users-admin menu, as I expected it didn't work (because of my encrypted home folder/user I suspect). But now I don't have privileges to mount my eksternal hard-drive, and I can no longer disable the auto log-in function, since the un-lock button in users-admin menu is grayed out. It seems like my users privileges has been degraded. Does any one have an solution to how I disable auto log-in and regain my privileges?

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• Trim on encrypted SSD--Urandom first?

  - by cb474

  My understanding (I'm not sure I'm getting this all right) is that if one uses Trim on an encrypted SSD, it defeats some of the security benefits, because the drive will write zeros to empty space (as files are deleted). See: http://www.askubuntu.com/questions/115823/trim-on-an-encrypted-ssd And: http://asalor.blogspot.com/2011/08/trim-dm-crypt-problems.html My question is: From the perspective of the performance of the SSD and the functioning of Trim, would it therefore be better to simply zero out the SSD, before setting up an encrypted system, rather than writing random data to the drive, with urandom, as one usually does? Would this basically leave one with the same level of security anyway? And more importantly, would it better enable the Trim functionality to work as intended, with the encrypted SSD?

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• Encrypt SSD or not?

  - by JamesBradbury

  My desktop machine is running Ubuntu 12.04 (and will probably stay with it until the next LTS). I've got a new 120GB SSD on the way as my existing 420GB spinning disk. If it makes any difference I'll be dual-booting with Windows 7 across both disks too. I've read some helpful answers here about /home setup and enabling TRIM, which I intend to follow. So most of my /home will be on the SSD, with only photos, videos and music on the spinning disk. The question is, when I reinstall Ubuntu from CD or USB, whether I should encrypt the SSD? Specifically: I'm reading that drive wear isn't much of an issue with modern SSDs as they last decades even if you spam them. Is this true? How big a performance reduction will encrypting cause (I have an i7 Sandybridge, so I guess it can cope)? Is it more important from a security point of view to encrypt an SSD? I think I read somewhere that it may be hard to reliably wipe data. By all means answer even if you only know about one of those things.

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• Find Randomart of existing ssh key

  - by Iori

  I have created a ssh-keygen and i got this result The key fingerprint is: 84:4b:3d:7a:d5:5e:58:15:a0:b6:ab:0f:03:3b:3b:82 ir@ir-Notebook The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 4048]----+ | .ooo| | o ..o | | o + .oo . | | . + o.... | | o.S .. | | .o . | | . o o . | | E . .o + | | ...... | +-----------------+ this is generated when key is created. is there any way to view Randomeart of a existing key And what is the purpose of this Randomart in cryptography. Thanks

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• Mount encrypted volumes from command line?

  - by cha

  If I have an encrypted external disk (or an internal disk that is not in fstab), I see an entry for it in Nautilus -- with an entry like "X GB Encrypted Volume". I can click on this volume, and am prompted for a password to decrypt and mount the device. But how do I do this from the command line? This wiki page, and other docs I can find, only refer to GUI methods of decrypting the device; but this won't do in the context of headless servers or SSH logins. Is there a simple way to get devices to mount to automatic locations in "/media" just like they would with the GUI? (I'm not asking about encrypted home directories -- I'm aware of ecryptfs-mount-private. This question is about additional encrypted volumes.)

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• Are python's cryptographic modules good enough?

  - by Aerovistae

  I mean, say you were writing professional grade software that would involve sensitive client information. (Take this in the context of me being an amateur programmer.) Would you use hlib and hmac? Are they good enough to secure data? Or would you write something fancier by hand? Edit: In context of those libraries containing more or less the best hashing algorithms in the world, I guess it's silly to ask if you'd "write something fancier." What I'm really asking here is whether it's enough on its own.

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• why is it a risk to clone a LUKS container?

  - by laramichaels

  I recently installed Ubuntu onto an encrypted partition using the LUKS+LVM combination that the 'alternate' installer offers. Now I want to create backups of my HD. From the LUKS FAQ: 6.15 Can I clone a LUKS container? You can, but it breaks security, because the cloned container has the same header and hence the same master key. You cannot change the master key on a LUKS container, even if you change the passphrase(s), the master key stays the same. That means whoever has access to one of the clones can decrypt them all, completely bypassing the passphrases. How can the existence of a perfect clone of my encrypted HD break security if it contains the exact same information as my live encrypted HD? In which sense does keeping updated clones of my LUKS-encrypted HD around "break security"?

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• How can I tell if ZRTP is enabled in a Twinkle SIP call?

  - by komputes

  I recently attended a talk about GNU Telephony. I was informed that Twinkle supports ZRTP for encrypted SIP calls. I went into Edit User Profile Security and made sure that ZRTP was enables and that all boxes were checked. I asked a friend to do the same and then we called each other. There is no immediate indication that I can see that the call is secure. How can I tell if ZRTP is enabled in a Twinkle SIP call?

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• Encrypted windows partition with ubuntu / Grub configuration

  - by Flow

  guys i would like to encrypt my windows partition only , as i have dual boot windows 7 ultimate and ubuntu 12.04. I would like to encrypt all my windows partition with truecrypt as i suppose you already now , but i was wondering how will it work ? I suppose when i am gonna encrypt the whole partition of windows with true crypt , when i will boot linux grub will not find the partition ?! how can i do for the grub to find my partition windows encrypted ? thanks guys ps : basically more simple , i will encrypt my windows partition only , but grub will not detect anymore my windows partition?

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• Clone User Profile with Encrypted Home Folder

  - by doublerainbow64

  I'd like to clone my user profile on my local machine. I'd like to do so, just to keep all the preferences and not to have to redefine all of them manually. I've tried this, but when I login, it will just return to KDM login screen. BTW I'm using Kubuntu 14.04. What might be interesting: I have encrypted my home folder. Does this make any difference? I've also tried to copy the contents of .kde folder into /etc/skel, but this had no effect. Thank you very much in advance, doublerainbow64

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• /etc/crypttab not working

  - by Jeremy Stein

  I used the Disk Utility to create an encrypted volume on an external drive. When I click the Unlock Volume button in that program, it mounts the drive for me. Now, I want to automate this process so that it will happen at boot-up. When I run sudo cryptsetup luksUUID /dev/sdb1, I get this: ca709269-1e3e-4e9e-9e08-7248f0e6c5a6 So, I create /etc/crypttab like this: backup_drive UUID=ca709269-1e3e-4e9e-9e08-7248f0e6c5a6 none And I added this line to /etc/fstab: /dev/mapper/backup_drive /mnt/backup ext3 default 0 2 When I reboot, Ubuntu tells me that the device is not available to map, so I tell it to skip it. It appears that the /etc/crypttab is not getting run correctly. How can I debug this?

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